- published: 22 Apr 2011
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The tenor is a type of male singing voice and is the highest male voice within the modal register. The typical tenor voice lies between C3, the C one octave below middle C, to the A above middle C (A4) in choral music, and up to tenor C (C5) in solo work. The low extreme for tenors is roughly B♭2 (two B♭s below middle C). At the highest extreme, some tenors can sing up to two Fs above middle C (F5).
The term tenor is also applied to instruments, such as the tenor saxophone, to indicate their range in relation to other instruments of the same group.
Within opera, the lowest note in the standard tenor repertoire is A2 (Mime, Herod), but few roles fall below C3. The high extreme: a few tenor roles in the standard repertoire call for a "tenor C" (C5, one octave above middle C). Some (if not all) of the few top Cs in the standard operatic repertoire are either optional (such as in "Che gelida manina" in Puccini's La bohème) or interpolated (added) by tradition (such as in "Di quella pira" from Verdi's Il trovatore). Some operatic roles for tenor require a darker timbre and fewer high notes. In the leggero repertoire the highest note is an F5 (Arturo in "Credeasi, misera" from Bellini's I puritani), therefore, very few tenors can have this role in their repertoire. A shift in pitch since the mid 19th century means that the few written top Cs (such as in "Salut demeure" from Gounod's Faust) would have in fact demanded a note at least a semitone lower than today's standard pitch.
Actors: David Magdael (miscellaneous crew), Winston Emano (miscellaneous crew), Morgan Spurlock (producer), Anne Stulz (miscellaneous crew), Jeremy Chilnick (producer), Stacey Offman (producer), Darnina Hodge (miscellaneous crew), Jerry Goralnick (actor), Jedd Wider (producer), Reverend Billy (actor), Evan Cutler (miscellaneous crew), Laura Newman (actress), Dia Sokol Savage (miscellaneous crew), Todd Wider (producer), Rob VanAlkemade (director),
Plot: An examination of the commercialization of Christmas in America while following Reverend Billy and the Church of Stop Shopping Gospel Choir on a cross-country mission to save Christmas from the Shopocalypse (the end of humankind from consumerism, over-consumption and the fires of eternal debt.) The film also delves into issues such as the role sweatshops play in America's mass consumerism and Big-Box Culture. From the humble beginnings of preaching at his portable pulpit on New York City subways, to having a congregation of thousands - Bill Talen (aka Rev. Billy) has become the leader of not just a church, but a national movement.
Keywords: activism, advertising, arrest, bankruptcy, big-box-stores, brand, buying, child-labor, christmas, civil-disobedienceActors: David Magdael (miscellaneous crew), Winston Emano (miscellaneous crew), Morgan Spurlock (producer), Anne Stulz (miscellaneous crew), Jeremy Chilnick (producer), Stacey Offman (producer), Darnina Hodge (miscellaneous crew), Jerry Goralnick (actor), Jedd Wider (producer), Reverend Billy (actor), Evan Cutler (miscellaneous crew), Laura Newman (actress), Dia Sokol Savage (miscellaneous crew), Todd Wider (producer), Rob VanAlkemade (director),
Plot: An examination of the commercialization of Christmas in America while following Reverend Billy and the Church of Stop Shopping Gospel Choir on a cross-country mission to save Christmas from the Shopocalypse (the end of humankind from consumerism, over-consumption and the fires of eternal debt.) The film also delves into issues such as the role sweatshops play in America's mass consumerism and Big-Box Culture. From the humble beginnings of preaching at his portable pulpit on New York City subways, to having a congregation of thousands - Bill Talen (aka Rev. Billy) has become the leader of not just a church, but a national movement.
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