- published: 27 Apr 2007
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- author: 3rdeyestrategies
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- Abortion
- Addison Gardiner
- Adrian P. Burke
- Al Gore
- Al Smith
- Albert Blumenthal
- Albert Lester
- Albion Knight, Jr.
- Alexander Treadwell
- Alfred DelBello
- Allen C. Beach
- Alonzo B. Cornell
- Andre Marrou
- Andrew Cuomo
- Andrew M. Murstein
- Ann Richards
- Arthur Goldberg
- Arthur H. Wicks
- Arthur Shawcross
- Asiba Tupahache
- Augustus Schell
- Barbara Garson
- Barnard College
- Basil Paterson
- Betsy McCaughey
- Bill Clinton
- Bloggingheads.tv
- Bo Gritz
- Bob Kerrey
- Buffalo Bills
- Byron White
- Carl McCall
- Carmine DeSapio
- Caroline K. Simon
- Cesar A. Perales
- Charles C. B. Walker
- Charles D. Cooper
- Charles Dayan
- Charles Evans Hughes
- Charles Poletti
- Charles S. Whitman
- Charles Stebbins
- Charles T. Saxton
- Charles Woods
- Chauncey Depew
- Chris Cuomo
- Christopher Morgan
- Clayton R. Lusk
- CNN
- Cord Meyer
- Corona
- Cuomo family
- Dan Quayle
- Daniel D. Tompkins
- Daniel Magone
- Daniel Manning
- Daniel S. Dickinson
- David B. Hill
- David Duke
- David Paterson
- David R. Floyd-Jones
- Dean Richmond
- Dean Skelos
- Death penalty
- Dennis Mehiel
- DeWitt Clinton
- Dominic J. Baranello
- Douglas Wilder
- Earl Dodge
- Ed Koch
- Edward F. Jones
- Edward J. Flynn
- Edward Lazansky
- Edward Murphy, Jr.
- Edward Schoeneck
- Edwin Corning
- Edwin D. Morgan
- Edwin S. Harris
- Elias W. Leavenworth
- Eliot Spitzer
- Elisha Jenkins
- Elliott Danforth
- Enos T. Throop
- Erastus Corning 2nd
- Erastus Root
- Ethel Skakel
- Eugene McCarthy
- Fantasy baseball
- Florence E.S. Knapp
- Forest Hills, Queens
- Francis C. Barlow
- Francis Hugo
- Frank C. Moore
- Frank Campbell
- Frank D. O'Connor
- Frank Milano
- Frank S. Black
- Frank W. Higgins
- G. Hilton Scribner
- Gail Shaffer
- George DeLuca
- George H. Cobb
- George H. W. Bush
- George M. Palmer
- George Pataki
- George R. Fitts
- George R. Lunn
- George W. Patterson
- Gideon J. Tucker
- Gloria La Riva
- Good Morning America
- Governor
- Governor of New York
- Grover Cleveland
- Hamilton Fish
- Harold Stassen
- Harry C. Walker
- Henry Jarvis Raymond
- Henry R. Selden
- Henry S. Randall
- Herbert H. Lehman
- Herbert Pell
- Horace White
- Horatio Ballard
- Horatio Seymour
- Howard J. Samuels
- Hugh Carey
- Hugh L. Carey
- Ibid.
- Idem
- Internet Archive
- Isabell Masters
- Italian American
- Italian-American
- Italy
- J. Quinn Brisben
- Jack Fellure
- James A. Hamilton
- James Farley
- James M. Mead
- James Stockdale
- James Tallmadge, Jr.
- James W. Hinckley
- Jay S. Jacobs
- Jeremiah Wood
- Jerry Brown
- Joe Klein
- Joe R. Hanley
- Joel T. Headley
- John A. King
- John A. Marino
- John Adams Dix
- John Alden Dix
- John Bigelow
- John C. O'Brien
- John C. Robinson
- John C. Spencer
- John Hagelin
- John J. Bennett, Jr.
- John J. Burns
- John J. Ghezzi
- John J. Lyons
- John Jay
- John Lindsay
- John Morin Scott
- John P. Lomenzo
- John Raines
- John S. Whalen
- John T. Hoffman
- John T. McDonough
- John Tayler
- John Van Ness Yates
- Joseph A. Kellogg
- Joseph Bradford Carr
- Joseph Bruno
- Joseph C. Yates
- Joseph F. Crangle
- Joseph J. Bingham
- Judith H. Hope
- June O'Neill
- Kerry Kennedy
- Kew Gardens, Queens
- Keynote Speaker
- Larry Agran
- Larry King Live
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- Lewis Allaire Scott
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- Liberalism
- Lincoln on Democracy
- Loc. cit.
- Lucius Robinson
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- Michael Dukakis
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- Minor league
- Mitchell May
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- Nancy Lord
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- Nelson Rockefeller
- New Alliance Party
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- New York
- New York City
- New York Giants
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- Pat Buchanan
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- Paul Tsongas
- Pedro Espada Jr.
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- Peter Buell Porter
- Peter R. Livingston
- Peter Vallone, Sr.
- Philetus Swift
- Pierre Van Cortlandt
- Pittsburgh Pirates
- Primary election
- Primetime Live
- Prohibition Party
- Queens
- Randy Daniels
- Reuben Fenton
- Richard H. Balch
- Richard Ravitch
- Richard Sennett
- Robert F. Kennedy
- Robert F. Wagner
- Robert L. Tillotson
- Robert M. Morgenthau
- Robert Moses
- Roman Catholic
- Roman à clef
- Ross Perot
- Roswell P. Flower
- Ruth Noemí Colón
- Salutatorian
- Samuel J. Tilden
- Samuel LeFrak
- Samuel S. Koenig
- Sandra Frankel
- Sanford E. Church
- Seymour Lowman
- Silas Wright
- Socialist Party USA
- Stan Lundine
- Stewart L. Woodford
- Template Refref
- Tennie Rogers
- The New York Times
- Theodore Roosevelt
- Thomas E. Dewey
- Thomas F. Conway
- Thomas G. Alvord
- Thomas J. Curran
- Thomas Tillotson
- Thomas W. Wallace
- Timothy L. Woodruff
- Tom Harkin
- Tom Laughlin
- Tramonti (SA)
- Viking Press
- W. Averell Harriman
- Walter A. Lynch
- Walter J. Mahoney
- Warren M. Anderson
- Washington Hunt
- Why Lincoln Matters
- Wikipedia Footnotes
- Wikipedia Persondata
- William C. Bouck
- William C. Hennessy
- William Dorsheimer
- William F. Sheehan
- William H. McKeon
- William H. Seward
- William L. Marcy
- William M. Oliver
- William Sulzer
- William W. Farley
- William. J. Conners
- Willie Horton
- Willie Mae Reid
- Winfield S. Huppuch
- Workers World Party
-
Andre Marrou
Andre Verne Marrou (born December 4, 1938) is an American political figure, affiliated with the Libertarian Party. He was that party's presidential nominee in 1992 and its vice-presidential nominee in 1988. He was elected to the Alaska House of Representatives in 1984.
Born in Nixon, Texas, Marrou graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1962. He is the brother of American television news personality and Judge Chris Marrou.
Marrou first ran for the Alaska House of Representatives in 1982, placing second in a three-way race. He was then elected to the House in 1984. One of twelve Libertarians to be elected to a state legislature, Marrou served for one term, from 1985 to 1987. Running for reelection in 1986, he would lose to Claude E. "Swack" Swackhammer, a former Alaska State Trooper. Marrou left Alaska following his 1986 defeat and moved to Las Vegas, Nevada, where he worked as a real estate broker.
Marrou was the Libertarian vice-presidential nominee in the 1988 election; on the ballot in 46 states and the District of Columbia,U.S. Congressman Ron Paul and Marrou placed third in the popular vote with 432,179 votes (0.5%), behind George H.W. Bush and Michael Dukakis. Paul and Marrou were kept off the ballot in Missouri, and received votes there only when written in, due to what the St. Louis Post-Dispatch called a "technicality".
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Italy
Italy
i/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.
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Joseph Bruno
Joseph L. Bruno (born April 8, 1929) is an American businessman, and Republican politician. He was the Temporary President of the New York State Senate and its majority leader. Most recently he also served as Lieutenant Governor of New York (Acting).
On June 23, 2008, Bruno announced that he would not seek reelection to the State Senate in 2008. On June 24, 2008, Bruno stepped down from the positions of Senate Majority Leader and "temporary president of the senate", but remained a State Senator. On July 18, 2008, Bruno resigned from the New York State Senate. He represented the 43rd New York State Senate District, and is on record as a member of the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).
On January 23, 2009, Bruno was indicted on eight counts of corruption, including mail and wire fraud.
On December 7, 2009, Bruno was convicted of two counts of mail and wire fraud. He was acquitted of five felonies, and the jury hung on the last count. His convictions were subsequently overturned on appeal, and as of 2011 prosecutors planned to retry him.
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Kew Gardens, Queens
Kew Gardens is a triangular-shaped neighborhood in the central area of the New York City borough of Queens, bounded to the north by the Jackie Robinson Parkway (formerly Interborough Parkway), to the east by Van Wyck Expressway and 131st Street, to the south by Hillside Avenue, and to the west by Park Lane, Abingdon Road and 118th Street. Forest Park and the neighborhood of Forest Hills and Forest Hills Gardens lie west of the neighborhood. The neighborhood is accessible thanks to its surrounding expressways and the Union Turnpike-Kew Gardens subway station. The commute on the E or F train to Midtown Manhattan is about thirty minutes.
Kew Gardens was one of seven planned garden communities built in Queens from the late 19th Century to 1950. Much of the area was acquired in 1868 by Englishman Albon P. Man, who developed the neighborhood of Hollis Hill to the south, chiefly along Jamaica Avenue, while leaving the hilly land to the north undeveloped.
Maple Grove Cemetery on Kew Gardens Road opened in 1875. A Long Island Rail Road station was built for mourners in October and trains stopped there from mid-November. The station was named Hopedale, after Hopedale Hall, a hotel located at what is now Queens Boulevard and Union Turnpike. In the 1890s, the executors of Man's estate laid out the Queens Bridge Golf Course on the hilly terrains south of the railroad. This remained in use until it was bisected in 1908 by the main line of the Long Island Rail Road, which had been moved 600 feet (180 m) to the south to eliminate a curve.
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New Hampshire
New Hampshire (i/njuːˈhæmpʃər/) is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. The state was named after the southern English county of Hampshire. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north. New Hampshire is the 5th least extensive and the 9th least populous of the 50 United States.
It became the first post-colonial sovereign nation in the Americas when it broke off from Great Britain in January 1776, and six months later was one of the original thirteen states that founded the United States of America. In June 1788, it became the ninth state to ratify the United States Constitution, bringing that document into effect. New Hampshire was the first U.S. state to have its own state constitution.
It is known internationally for the New Hampshire primary, the first primary in the U.S. presidential election cycle. Concord is the state capital, while Manchester is the largest city in the state. It has no general sales tax, nor is personal income (other than interest and dividends) taxed at either the state or local level.
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New Jersey
New Jersey (i/nuː ˈdʒɜrzi/) is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the U.S. state of New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania, and on the southwest by Delaware. New Jersey is the 4th least extensive, but the 11th most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 United States. New Jersey lies mostly within the sprawling metropolitan areas of New York City and Philadelphia. It is also the third wealthiest by 2009–2010 median household income.
The area was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years, with historical tribes such as the Lenape along the coast. In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements. The British later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey. It was granted as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton. At this time, it was named after the largest of the British Channel Islands, Jersey, Carteret's birthplace. New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War.
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New York
New York (/njuː ˈjɔrk/; locally IPA: [nɪu ˈjɔək] or [nuː ˈjɔɹk] (
listen)) is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. New York is the 27th most extensive, the 3rd most populous, and the 7th most densely populated of the 50 United States. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east. The state has a maritime border with Rhode Island east of Long Island, as well as an international border with the Canadian provinces of Ontario to the west and north, and Quebec to the north. The state of New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
New York City, with a population of over 8.1 million, is the most populous city in the United States. Alone, it makes up over 40 percent of the population of New York state. It is known for its status as a center for finance and culture and for its status as the largest gateway for immigration to the United States. According to the U.S. Department of Commerce, New York City is also a destination of choice for many foreign visitors. Both the state and city were named for the 17th century Duke of York, James Stuart, future James II and VII of England and Scotland.
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Nocera Superiore
Nocera Superiore is a town and comune in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy.
It was an Etruscan city, founded around the 7th century BC. After the Etruscans abandoned the area, Nuceria Alfaterna became a Samnite city, the leader of a confederation comprising Stabia, Ercolano, Pompeii and Sorrento, and with them suffered during the 62 AD earthquake and the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD. During the Samnite Wars it sided against ancient Rome, and in 308 BC it was destroyed by the troops of Quintus Fabius Maximus; in the Second Punic War it was an allied of Rome was besieged by Hannibal, who had its male population killed. The city had an alphabet of its own, based on the Greek and Etruscan ones, and minted coins. Its territory was ravaged during the Social War (90 BC) and by the troops of Spartacus.
After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, it was briefly ruled by the Ostrogoths; after having been reacquired by the Eastern Roman Empire, it was besieged by the Lombards of Arechis I of Benevento who captured it in 601, and selected Nocera as a county seat, as part of the Duchy of Benevento. After the mid-9th century Nocera was part of the principality of Salerno first, and then of the principality of Capua. In the 12th century it was destroyed by Roger II of Sicily, who fought here a battle in 1132; most the population moved to what is now Nocera Inferiore. Rebuilt, it was known as Nuceria Christianorum under the Angevine Kings of Naples (1266-1435). In the 15th century it was renamed as Nocera de' Pagani.
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Queens
Queens is the easternmost of the five boroughs of New York City and the largest in area and the second-largest in population. Since 1899, Queens has had the same boundaries as Queens County, which is now the second most populous county in New York State and the fourth-most densely populated county in the United States. Queens, as well as neighboring borough Brooklyn, sits on the west end of geographic Long Island. Queens is the most ethnically diverse urban area in the world with a population of over 2.2 million, 46% of whom are foreign-born, representing over 100 different nations and speaking over 138 different languages.
Were each New York City borough an independent city, Queens would be the nation's fourth largest city, after Los Angeles, Chicago, and Brooklyn. Queens has the second-largest and most diversified economy of all the five boroughs of New York City.Long Island City, on the Queens waterfront across from Manhattan on the East River, is the site of the Citicorp Building, the tallest skyscraper in New York City outside of Manhattan and the tallest building on geographic Long Island.
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Tramonti (SA)
Tramonti is a town and comune in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy. It is located in the territory of the Amalfi Coast.
Tramonti, loosely translated as "in the mountains" is located along Via Chuinzi which leads to Maiori and the Amalfi Coast. The town is bordered by Cava de' Tirreni, Corbara, Lettere (NA), Maiori, Nocera Inferiore, Nocera Superiore, Pagani, Ravello and Sant'Egidio del Monte Albino.
Tramonti was an important town of the Maritime Republic of Amalfi, an important trading power in the Mediterranean between 839 and around 1200.
In the village of Gete. Church dating from the late thirteenth century inserted in a slight hollow of the rock. Noteworthy are the tombs cut into the rocky side.
On the site called the "Pumice". there is the church with the adjacent bell tower. A single nave covered by a barrel vault, the Church has side chapels and the bell tower has a square base and four storys, the first of which dug into the rock and the last ending in octagonal pyramid.
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Addison Gardiner
Addison Gardiner (March 19, 1797 Rindge, Cheshire County, New Hampshire - June 5, 1883 Rochester, Monroe County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician who was the Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals from 1854 to 1855.
He was admitted to the bar in 1822, and began practicing law in Rochester, opening a law firm with Samuel L. Selden, who later became a judge of the New York Court of Appeals. The latter's brother Henry R. Selden, later himself a lieutenant governor and judge of the Court of Appeals, was a law student at this firm. Gardiner was the first Justice of the Peace ever elected in Rochester.
In 1825, Gardiner was appointed District Attorney of Monroe County. From 1829 to 1838, he was Judge of the Eighth Circuit Court of New York, with jurisdiction over the counties of Allegany, Erie, Chautauqua, Monroe, Genesee and Niagara. The Anti-Masonic excitement, growing out of the disappearance of William Morgan, had now commenced, and perhaps the most important case that came before Judge Gardiner, while on the bench of the circuit court, was that against Elihu Mather who was tried for conspiracy in the abduction of Morgan. After the acquittal of the defendant, a motion for a new trial was made in the New York State Supreme Court. The case is to be found in the fourth volume of Wendell's reports, page 220. The head notes, giving the disposition of the various questions raised, occupy four pages. On many of the points it has ever been a leading case. All the rulings of the judge were sustained by the Supreme Court, and these, and other decisions, gave him the reputation of the model circuit judge. He resigned his judicial office in February 1838, and returned to the practice of law at Rochester.
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Adrian P. Burke
Adrian Paul Burke (October 2, 1904 The Bronx, New York City - September 3, 2000 Lauderhill, Broward County, Florida) was an American lawyer and politician.
He was the son of Thomas F. Burke and Rose Mary (Daw) Burke. He graduated from College of the Holy Cross in 1927, and from Fordham Law School in 1930. He was admitted to the bar in 1932, and commenced practice in New York City. In 1935, he married Edith martin, and they had three children.
He was Assistant Counsel of the Joint Legislative Committee Investigating Public Utilities in 1936, a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1938. He was the founder, and from 1941 to 1953 President, of the Youth Counsel Bureau in the District Attorney's Offices.
In 1953, he managed the mayoral campaign of Robert F. Wagner, Jr., and was appointed by Mayor Wagner Corporation Counsel of New York City in 1954.
In 1954, he was elected on the Democratic and Liberal tickets to the New York Court of Appeals, and re-elected in 1968. He resigned from the bench at the end of 1973. In 1974, he was again appointed Corporation Counsel of New York City by Mayor Abraham D. Beame.
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Al Gore
Albert Arnold "Al" Gore, Jr. (born March 31, 1948) served as the 45th Vice President of the United States (1993–2001), under President Bill Clinton. He was the Democratic Party's nominee for President and won the popular vote in the 2000 U.S. presidential election.
Gore is currently an author and environmental activist. He has founded a number of non-profit organizations, including the Alliance for Climate Protection, and has received a Nobel Peace Prize for his work in climate change activism.
Gore was previously an elected official for 24 years, representing Tennessee in the U.S. House of Representatives (1977–85), and later in the U.S. Senate (1985–93), and finally becoming Vice President in 1993. In the 2000 presidential election, Gore won the popular vote by a margin of more than 500,000 votes. However, he ultimately lost the Electoral College to Republican George W. Bush when the U.S. Supreme Court settled the legal controversy over the Florida vote recount by ruling 5-4 in favor of Bush. It was the only time in history that the Supreme Court has determined the outcome of a presidential election.
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Albert Lester
Albert Lester (ca. 1803 – March 14, 1867 Canandaigua, Ontario County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.
Lester removed from Litchfield, Connecticut to Canandaigua.
He was a Democratic member of the New York State Senate (7th D.) from 1844 to 1847, sitting in the 67th, 68th, 69th and 70th New York State Legislatures. On February 12, 1847, Lester was elected President pro tempore of the State Senate, to preside during the absence of the Lieutenant Governor. In May 1847, Lt. Gov. Addison Gardiner was elected to the New York Court of Appeals and took office on July 5. Gardiner thus vacated the office of lieutenant governor—who is ex officio President of the State Senate—and Lester became Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York. Urged by Governor John Young, the State Legislature passed on September 27 a law to hold a special election for lieutenant governor at the New York state election, 1847 to fill the vacancy, and Hamilton Fish was elected to take office on January 1, 1848.
Lester was buried at the West Avenue Cemetery in Canandaigua.
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Albion Knight, Jr.
Albion W. Knight, Jr. was the Presiding Bishop of the United Episcopal Church of North America from 1989 until his resignation in 1992. As the Presiding Bishop of the UECNA, Knight more than tripled the number of parishes belonging to the church, oversaw the establishment of the church's seminary, and negotiated an intercommunion agreement with the Anglican Catholic Church. He later helped found the Church of England (Continuing), a conservative church in England that opposes both the growth of Anglo-Catholic practices and doctrines within the Church of England and the more liberal religious and social stance of the Church of England.
Bishop Knight was born in Jacksonville, Florida and graduated from the U.S. Military Academy in 1945. He retired in 1973 as a Brigadier General. He earned Masters degrees from the University of Illinois and American University. Knight was ordained a deacon in the Episcopal Church in the USA in 1964 and was priested in that church in 1965.
He joined the United Episcopal Church of North America in 1983 and later became the bishop of its Eastern diocese before being elected its presiding bishop. His consecrator was the Rt. Rev. Charles D. D. Doren, the first bishop in the Continuing Anglican movement and first bishop of the UECNA.
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Alexander Treadwell
Alexander F. "Sandy" Treadwell (born March 25, 1946, London, England, UK) is an American politician who was a longtime Republican Party political leader in New York. He was New York's National Committeeman on the Republican National Committee. In 2008, he was defeated in the race to represent New York's 20th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives. Subsequently he moved to California.[citation needed]
Treadwell is the grandson of a founding executive of General Electric, and a graduate of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. His father was a brigadier in the British Army.
He was a sports journalist who wrote for Sports Illustrated, and a book on marathon running. He became active in the Republican Party in Essex County, New York. His service included being a committeeman, town chairman, the chairman of the county's Republican Party, and vice chairman of the state Republican Party under Chairman Bill Powers.
Treadwell is a cousin of Jane Forbes Clark, chairwoman of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and vice-president of the Cooperstown, New York and Manhattan-based Clark Foundation.
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Alfred DelBello
Alfred Benedict DelBello (born July 13, 1944) is an American politician from New York. A registered Democrat, he was the 70th Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1983 to 1985.
DelBello was Mayor of Yonkers, New York and was the first Democrat to become Westchester County Executive prior to being elected lieutenant governor in 1982. He ran for the Democratic nomination for lieutenant governor as the running mate of then Mayor of New York City Ed Koch. Koch endorsed him as a running mate believing he would help Koch with suburban voters. DelBello faced Ambassador Carl McCall, the running mate of then Lt. Gov. Mario Cuomo, in the Democratic primary.
DelBello won his primary and Cuomo defeated Koch for the governor's nomination. The Cuomo/DelBello ticket then won the 1982 general election. Del Bello had little interaction with Cuomo during his time in office. He focused on his role as President of the New York State Senate during his time as lieutenant governor, along with projects of his initiation and Cuomo's assignment. These projects included emergency management, local government and economic development.
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Allen C. Beach
Allen Carpenter Beach (October 9, 1825 Fairfield, Herkimer County, New York - October 17, 1918 Rochester, Monroe County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.
He was the son of Rev. Allen R. Beach (1797-1879) and Amy Brown Beach (1803-ca. 1890). He graduated from Union College in 1848, and was admitted to the bar in 1852. His first wife Abby A. Woodruff died in 1856. In 1862, he married Olivia H. Pickering, daughter of Augustus Pickering and Caroline White. They had one daughter, Amy.
As a Democrat, he was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1869 to 1872, elected in 1868 and 1870, and Secretary of State of New York from 1878 to 1879, elected in 1877 and defeated for re-election in 1879.
He was a delegate to the 1860 and 1876 Democratic National Conventions.
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Alonzo B. Cornell
Alonzo Barton Cornell (January 22, 1832 – October 15, 1904) was a New York politician and businessman who served as 27th Governor of New York from 1880 to 1882.
Born in Ithaca, New York, he was the eldest son of Ezra Cornell, the founder of Cornell University and Mary Ann (Wood) Cornell. He was educated at the Ithaca Academy.
He was married to Esther Elizabeth Covert, a native of Auburn, New York on 9 November 1852. They had four boys together between 1855 and 1874.[citation needed]
At the age of fifteen, he began a career in the field of telegraphy, later serving as a manager in telegraph office in Cleveland, Ohio. Afterwards, he owned steamboats on Cayuga Lake from 1862 to 1863. From 1864 to 1869 he was a cashier and vice president with the First National Bank of Ithaca. He was a director of the Western Union Telegraph Company, which had been co-founded by his father, from 1868 to 1876 and was its vice president from 1870 to 1876.
He was a supervisor of the town of Ithaca in 1864/5. From 1858 until 1866, he served as chairman of the Tompkins County Republican committee, and in 1866/7 was a member of the Republican state committee. He was one of the first commissioners for the erection of the new state capitol at Albany from 1868 until 1871. He was the Republican candidate for Lieutenant Governor of New York in 1868, but was defeated by Democrat Allen C. Beach. He was appointed by President Ulysses S. Grant as Surveyor of the Port of New York.
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Andre Marrou
Andre Verne Marrou (born December 4, 1938) is an American political figure, affiliated with the Libertarian Party. He was that party's presidential nominee in 1992 and its vice-presidential nominee in 1988. He was elected to the Alaska House of Representatives in 1984.
Born in Nixon, Texas, Marrou graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1962. He is the brother of American television news personality and Judge Chris Marrou.
Marrou first ran for the Alaska House of Representatives in 1982, placing second in a three-way race. He was then elected to the House in 1984. One of twelve Libertarians to be elected to a state legislature, Marrou served for one term, from 1985 to 1987. Running for reelection in 1986, he would lose to Claude E. "Swack" Swackhammer, a former Alaska State Trooper. Marrou left Alaska following his 1986 defeat and moved to Las Vegas, Nevada, where he worked as a real estate broker.
Marrou was the Libertarian vice-presidential nominee in the 1988 election; on the ballot in 46 states and the District of Columbia,U.S. Congressman Ron Paul and Marrou placed third in the popular vote with 432,179 votes (0.5%), behind George H.W. Bush and Michael Dukakis. Paul and Marrou were kept off the ballot in Missouri, and received votes there only when written in, due to what the St. Louis Post-Dispatch called a "technicality".
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Andrew M. Murstein
Andrew M. Murstein (born June 29, 1964) is the founder, president, board member and largest shareholder of Medallion Financial Corp., publicly traded on the Nasdaq stock exchange under the symbol TAXI that specializes in financing taxi cab fleets. He received a B.A. in economics, cum laude, from Tufts University and an M.B.A. in finance from New York University. He was named among Crain’s New York Business’ “40 Under 40”, and has been featured in numerous business publications.
Andrew Mead Murstein was born in Roslyn, New York to Alvin and Aileen Murstein. His grandfather, Leon Murstein, came to the United States from Argentina, became a New York cabdriver and purchased one of the first New York taxi medallions, issued in 1937, for $10. The family went on to purchase several hundred medallions for prices as little as $10 each, and which now sell for $950,000 each.
Murstein’s introduction to the taxicab industry came early. His father, employed by his grandfather in his Queens-based taxi business, used to take young Andrew along to the taxi garage, where he was assigned to collect rentals for using the medallion from taxi drivers at the ends of their shifts. Murstein soon learned not to believe the excuses – such as a baby being born in the back of the cab – drivers often used for returning their taxis late.
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Ann Richards
Dorothy Ann Willis Richards (September 1, 1933 – September 13, 2006) was an American politician from Texas. She first came to national attention as the state treasurer of Texas, when she delivered the keynote address at the 1988 Democratic National Convention. Richards served as the 45th Governor of Texas from 1991 to 1995 and was defeated for re-election in 1994 by George W. Bush. Ann Richards was the second female governor of Texas, and the 39th Democratic governor to serve.
Dorothy Ann Willis was born in Lakeview (now part of Lacy-Lakeview), McLennan County, the only child of Robert Cecil Willis and Mildred Iona Warren. She grew up in Waco, participated in Girls State, and graduated from Waco High School in 1950. She attended Baylor University on a debate scholarship and earned a bachelor's degree. After marrying high school sweetheart David "Dave" Richards, she moved to Austin, where she earned a teaching certificate from the University of Texas. David and Ann Richards had four children named Cecile, Daniel, Clark, and Ellen.
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Arthur Goldberg
Arthur Joseph Goldberg (August 8, 1908 – January 19, 1990) was an American statesman and jurist who served as the U.S. Secretary of Labor, Supreme Court Justice and Ambassador to the United Nations.
Goldberg was born and raised on the West Side of Chicago, the youngest of eight children of Jewish immigrants from the Russian Empire. The paternal side of the family (Goldberg-Flaumen) originally came from the town of Oświęcim, in modernday Poland. The maternal side of the family originally came from a shtetl called Zenkhov in Ukraine. Goldberg's father, a produce peddler, died in 1916, forcing Goldberg's siblings to quit school and go to work to support the family. As the youngest child, Goldberg was allowed to continue school, graduating from high school at the age of 16.
Goldberg's interest in the law was sparked by the noted murder trial in 1923 of Leopold and Loeb, two wealthy young Chicagoans who were spared the death penalty with the help of their high-powered defense attorney, Clarence Darrow. Goldberg later pointed to this case as inspiration for his opposition to the death penalty on the bench, since he had seen how inequality of social status could lead to unfair application of the death penalty.
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Arthur H. Wicks
Arthur H. Wicks (December 24, 1887 New York City - February 1985) was an American politician.
He owned a steam laundry in Kingston, New York. He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1927 to 1956 from the 29th District 1927 - 1944, and from the 34th District 1945 - 1956. Between 1949 and 1953 he was the Majority Leader of the New York State Senate. He was an alternate delegate to the 1940 and 1944, and a delegate to the 1948, 1952 and 1956 Republican National Conventions.
On October 1, 1953 he became Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York, but was forced to resign on November 19 from both offices when it became known that he had made frequent visits to convicted labor leader Joseph S. Fay while the latter was incarcerated at Sing-Sing prison.
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Arthur Shawcross
Arthur John Shawcross (June 6, 1945 – November 10, 2008) was an American serial killer, also known as The Genesee River Killer in Rochester, New York. He claimed most of his victims after being paroled early following a conviction in the manslaughter of two children, which led to criticism of the justice system.
Shawcross was born in Kittery, Maine, but his family moved to Watertown in New York State when he was young. While several later tests showed Shawcross' intelligence to be sub-normal or even "borderline retarded", he received A's and B's in his first two years of grade school. His IQ was tested to be "low-normal" (between 86 and 92) when he was in the fifth grade. Shawcross was prone to behaviors such as bullying, and chronic bed wetting until at least age twelve, and physical violence.[citation needed] Shawcross dropped out of high school in 1960. He was drafted at age 21 by the Army in April 1967. At this time, Shawcross divorced his first wife and gave up the rights to their eighteen-month-old son, whom he never saw again.
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Asiba Tupahache
Asiba Tupahache is a Matinecoc Nation Native American activist from New York and was a vice presidential candidate in the 1992 election on Peace and Freedom Party ticket, accompanying Ronald Daniels. Born in Long Island, New York, she is a former public school teacher, an advocate of homeschooling, and a mother of two. She authored the book Taking Another Look and its accompanying audiocassette, and is the editor and publisher of The Spirit of January Reflection, formerly titled The Spirit of January Monthly.
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Augustus Schell
Augustus Schell (August 1, 1812 – March 27, 1884) was a New York politician and lawyer. He was Chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1872 to 1876.
Schell was born on August 1, 1812 in Rhinebeck, New York and was educated at Rhinebeck Academy and Wesleyan Seminary. He was graduated in 1830 from Union College with Phi Beta Kappa honors and membership in the Kappa Alpha Society, and then studied at Litchfield Law School. He was admitted to the bar and started a practice in New York City. He started out as an early expert in the then new field of corporate law and through his profession became active in railroad management. A friend of Cornelius Vanderbilt, he gradually expanded his railroad connections through investments as well as legal counsel.
An active Democrat, he joined Tammany Hall where, after William M. Tweed's fall, he became Grand Sachem in 1872. He was head of the Democratic state committee 1853-1856. During the administration of President James Buchanan he was collector of the Port of New York. He was chairman of the Democratic National Committee that supported John C. Breckinridge for the presidency in 1860 and also 1872-1876. After the trial of William M. Tweed and his associates, Schell labored for the purification and rehabilitation of the Tammany society, and in 1878 was its unsuccessful candidate for mayor.
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Barbara Garson
Barbara Garson (born July 7, 1941 in Brooklyn, New York City) is an American playwright, author and social activist.
Garson is best known for the play MacBird, a notorious 1966 counterculture drama/political parody of Macbeth that sold over half a million copies as a book and had over 90 productions world wide. The play was originally intended for an anti-war teach-in at the University of California, Berkeley. The first published edition was printed on an offset press that Garson had restored the year before in order to print The Free Speech Movement Newsletter which she edited. She was one of 800 arrested with Mario Savio during these early student protests of the 1960s. Garson's self-published edition of MacBird had sold over 200,000 copies by 1967 when the play opened in New York in a production starring Stacey Keach, Bill Devane, Cleavon Little, and Rue McClanahan. While these then unknown actors went on to become fixtures in American theater, movies and television, the author disappeared from public view at the height of fame.
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Basil Paterson
Basil Alexander Paterson (b. April 27, 1926), a labor lawyer, is a longtime political leader in New York and Harlem and father of the 55th Governor of New York, David Paterson. His mother was Jamaican, his father Grenadian.
Paterson was born in Harlem on April 27, 1926, the son of Leonard James and Evangeline Alicia (Rondon) Paterson. His father was born on the island of Carriacou in the Grenadines and arrived in the United States aboard the S.S. Vestris on May 16, 1917 in New York City. His mother was born in Kingston, Jamaica and arrived in the United States on September 9, 1919 aboard the S.S. Vestnorge in Philadelphia with a final destination of New York City. A stenographer by profession, the former Miss Rondon once served as a secretary for Marcus Garvey.
In 1942, at the age of 16, Basil Paterson graduated from De Witt Clinton High School in the Bronx. He was shaped by his experiences with racism early on. "I got out of high school when I was 16," Paterson told New York Times columnist Bob Herbert, "and the first real job I had was with a wholesale house in the old Port Authority building, down on 18th Street. We'd pack and load these trucks that went up and down in huge elevators. Every year there would be a Christmas party for the employees at some local hotel. Those of us who worked in the shipping department were black. We got paid not to go to the party." He attended college at St. John's University, but his studies were interrupted by a two-year stint in the U.S. Army during World War II. After serving honorably, he returned to St. John's to complete his undergraduate studies. While there he was very active in social and community service organizations, among them the Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity., joining the ranks of the Omicron chapter of New York (now at Columbia University) in 1947. Patterson graduated with a Bachelor of Science Degree in biology in 1948. He was later admitted to St. John's Law School, where he received a Juris Doctor degree in 1951.
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Bill Clinton
William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III; August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. Inaugurated at age 46, he was the third-youngest president. He took office at the end of the Cold War, and was the first president of the baby boomer generation. Clinton has been described as a New Democrat. Many of his policies have been attributed to a centrist Third Way philosophy of governance.
Born and raised in Arkansas, Clinton became both a student leader and a skilled musician. He is an alumnus of Georgetown University where he was Phi Beta Kappa and earned a Rhodes Scholarship to attend the University of Oxford. He is married to Hillary Rodham Clinton, who has served as the United States Secretary of State since 2009 and was a Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009. Both Clintons received law degrees from Yale Law School, where they met and began dating. As Governor of Arkansas, Clinton overhauled the state's education system, and served as Chair of the National Governors Association.
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Bo Gritz
James Gordon "Bo" Gritz (born January 18, 1939, in Enid, Oklahoma; surname "Gritz" rhymes with "bites") is a former United States Army Special Forces officer who served in the Vietnam War. His post-war activities – notably attempted POW rescues in conjunction with the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue – have proven controversial. Gritz lives near Sandy Valley, Nevada with his wife Judy.
Born in 1939 in Oklahoma, his father served in the Army Air Force in World War II and was killed in action. Gritz was raised by his maternal grandparents on patriotic stories of his father's heroics in the war. He enlisted in the U.S. Army in 1957 and shortly thereafter attended Officer Candidate School (OCS). As a Lt. Col. in Vietnam, he commanded detachment "B-36," U.S. Army Special Forces 5th SFG for a time. B-36 was a mixed American and South Vietnamese unit which operated in the III Corps area of Southern South Vietnam. He served in a variety of assignments until his retirement in 1979 at the rank of Lieutenant Colonel.
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Bob Kerrey
Joseph Robert "Bob" Kerrey (born August 27, 1943) was the 35th Governor of Nebraska from 1983 to 1987 and a United States Senator from Nebraska from 1989 to 2001. After serving in the Vietnam War and being awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions, he moved into politics. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1992. From 2001 to 2010, Kerrey served as president of The New School, a university in New York City. In May 2010, he was selected to become the head of the Motion Picture Association of America. But in July 2010, both Kerrey and the MPAA could not reach an agreement and former Connecticut Senator Chris Dodd was selected instead. On February 27, 2012, aides confirmed that Kerrey was filing to seek election to his old Senate seat, to replace the retiring Democratic incumbent Ben Nelson. He faces Republican nominee Deb Fischer.
Kerrey was born in Lincoln, Nebraska where he attended the public schools, graduating from Lincoln Northeast High School. He credits Bob Reese, his chemistry teacher, for inspiring his pursuit of a career in the sciences. He went on to earn a degree in pharmacy from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in 1966. Kerrey pledged Phi Gamma Delta fraternity, and during his senior year he was tackled into the Society of Innocents, the chancellor's senior honorary society of spirit boosters.
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Byron White
Byron Raymond "Whizzer" White (June 8, 1917 – April 15, 2002) won fame both as a football halfback and as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. Appointed to the court by President John F. Kennedy in 1962, he served until his retirement in 1993. He was married to Marion Lloyd Stearns in 1946 and the father of two children, Charles (Barney) Byron White and Nancy Pitkin White.
White was born in Fort Collins, Colorado. He was raised in the nearby town of Wellington, Colorado, where he obtained his high school diploma in 1930. He made a point of returning to Wellington on an annual basis for his high school reunions up until 1999 when his physical health worsened significantly. He died in Denver at the age of 84 from complications of pneumonia. He was the first and only Supreme Court Justice from the state of Colorado.
After graduating at the top of his Wellington high school class, White attended the University of Colorado at Boulder on a scholarship. He joined the Phi Gamma Delta fraternity and served as student body president his senior year. Graduating in 1938, he won a Rhodes Scholarship to the University of Oxford and, after having deferred it for a year to play football, he went on to attend Hertford College, Oxford.
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Carl McCall
Herman Carl McCall (born October 17, 1935, in Boston, Massachusetts) is a former Comptroller of New York State and was the Democratic candidate for state governor in 2002. He is an ordained minister in the United Church of Christ, and currently serves on the Board of Directors for numerous corporations. He received a B.A. degree from Dartmouth College in 1958. He was also educated at the University of Edinburgh, received a Master's of Divinity Degree from Andover Newton Theological School, and is the recipient of nine honorary degrees. He was the first African-American to be elected Comptroller of New York State.
McCall was born in the Roxbury section of Boston the oldest of six children. His father Herman McCall moved to Boston from Georgia, and left the family when Carl McCall was eleven. McCall attended church with Edward Brooke. He attended Dartmouth College on private and ROTC scholarship, and graduated in 1958 with a bachelor's degree in government. During the 1960s, McCall worked as a high school teacher and a bank manager. He taught for six months at Jamaica Plain High School on Sumner Hill in Boston, and then joined the Army. He opened a church in the Dorchester neighborhood. By the late 1960s McCall moved to New York City to work for church outreach. He was appointed by New York Mayor John Lindsay to head the Commission Against Poverty.
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Carmine DeSapio
Carmine Gerard DeSapio (December 10, 1908 – July 27, 2004) was an American politician from New York City. He was the last head of the Tammany Hall political machine to be able to dominate municipal politics.
DeSapio was born in lower Manhattan. His father was an Italian immigrant, while his mother was of the second generation. He graduated from Fordham University in 1931.
He started his career in the Tammany Hall organization as an errand boy and messenger for precinct captains. Tammany Hall was the name given to the Democratic political machine that dominated New York City politics from the mayoral victory of Fernando Wood in 1854 through the election of Fiorello H. La Guardia in 1933. He was first elected a district captain in 1939, but was rejected by the leadership in the struggle between Irish and Italian interests for control of the organization. In 1943 he was accepted as district leader for lower Greenwich Village.
In 1949, DeSapio became the youngest Boss in the history of Tammany Hall, succeeding Hugo Rogers, and his Italian heritage signaled the end of Tammany's longtime dominance by Irish-American politicians. Throughout his political life, DeSapio gained notoriety from alleged involvement with organized crime, even though he fought to distance the organization from the unsavory days of Boss Tweed, and allegations of corruption. In 1951, Senator Estes Kefauver of Tennessee concluded that DeSapio was feeding the interests of New York's most powerful mobster Frank Costello, and that Costello had become the lead person who influenced decisions made by the Tammany Hall council. In reply to questions by journalists, DeSapio admitted to having met Costello a number of times but insisted that politics was never discussed. He was seen with Costello at a fund-raising dinner for the Salvation Army at the Copacabana club in 1949.
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Caroline K. Simon
Caroline Klein Simon (November 12, 1900, New York City - July 29, 1993, Manhattan, New York City) was an American lawyer and politician.
She graduated from New York University Law School in 1925.
District Attorney Thomas E. Dewey of Manhattan named her to a panel on revising the Domestic Relations Court Act. During World War II she served as the Office of Civilian Defense's director of group activities in New York, New Jersey and Delaware.
Dewey, now Governor, appointed her to the New York State Workers' Compensation Board in 1944, and the temporary State War Council's Committee on Discrimination in Employment in 1943, serving in both posts until 1945. After the war, she helped draft the nation's first state law on job bias based on race, religion or nationality and became a founding member of the resulting New York State Commission Against Discrimination.
In 1956, Governor W. Averell Harriman, a Democrat, appointed her to the new New York State Youth Commission. The next year she ran for New York City Council President as a Republican, but she lost to Abe Stark. In 1958, she served as the legal advisor to the American delegation to the United Nations Human Rights Commission.
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Cesar A. Perales
Cesar Augusto Perales (born November 12, 1940 New York City) is the Secretary of State of New York currently serving in the Cabinet of Governor Andrew Cuomo.
On March 31, 2011, he was nominated by Governor Cuomo to replace outgoing Secretary Ruth Noemí Colón, and took office on May 2, 2011. He was confirmed by the State Senate on June 7.
Prior to his appointment, Perales was a civil rights attorney and co-founder of the nonprofit Puerto Rican Legal Defense and Education Fund, now known as LatinoJustice PRLDEF. Perales is the state's third Secretary of State of Hispanic/Puerto Rican ancestry to have served in this office. He is the second person of Dominican ancestry to serve as New York Secretary of State, and of a state in the Union (former Secretary of State Cortés-Vázquez was the first Dominican-American to have served in this office).
The son of a Puerto Rican father and a Dominican mother, Perales grew up in New York City. He has said he first considered becoming a lawyer as a child, after his father's business went bankrupt.
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Charles C. B. Walker
Charles Christopher Brainerd Walker (June 27, 1824 - January 26, 1888) was a U.S. Representative from New York.
Born in Drewsville, New Hampshire, near Bellows Falls, Vermont, Walker completed preparatory studies. He moved to Corning, New York, in 1848. He was Postmaster of Corning 1856-1860, as well as a contractor engaging in the hardware and lumber business. During the Civil War, he served as brigade quartermaster with the rank of captain in the New York State Militia. He served as delegate to the Democratic National Conventions at Charleston in 1860 and at Baltimore in 1872.
Walker was elected as a Democrat to the Forty-fourth Congress.
Subsequently, he resumed his former business activities. He served as member of the board of control of the New York Agricultural Experiment Station from June 10, 1885, until his death in Corning, New York, January 26, 1888. He was interred in Palmyra Cemetery, Palmyra, New York.
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
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Charles D. Cooper
Charles DeKay Cooper (1769 Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York - January 30, 1831) was an American physician, lawyer and Democratic-Republican politician.
He was the son of Dr. Ananias Cooper and Elizabeth DeKay Cooper. He studied medicine with Dr. Crosby in New York City and became a physician, like his father. By 1791, Cooper had settled in Albany. In 1792 he began to practice medicine.
He married Margaret Vernor (ca. 1774-1860), the adopted daughter of the future Lt. Gov. John Tayler. They had five children, among them Major-General John Tayler Cooper (1798–1878, a lawyer who married a daughter of John Vernon Henry), and Reverend Charles DeKay Cooper (1813–1902), who married Cornelia Lansing Sutherland, a grand-daughter of Chancellor John Lansing, Jr.
In 1794, he was appointed Health Officer of the Port of Albany
In February 1804, Cooper attended a dinner party during which Alexander Hamilton spoke forcefully and eloquently against the Federalists' plan to nominate Aaron Burr as their candidate for Governor of New York. Cooper later wrote a letter to Philip Schuyler, Alexander Hamilton's father-in-law, in which he made reference to the "despicable opinion" Hamilton had expressed about Burr. The letter was published in the Albany Register, but was tame compared to other attacks on Burr in the press. Still, Cooper's letter proved the last straw in the ongoing rivalry between Burr and Hamilton. When Burr read the letter weeks later, shortly after his defeat in the governor's race, he was enraged by Hamilton's alleged remarks, and challenged Hamilton to a duel in which Hamilton was killed.
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Charles Dayan
Charles Dayan (July 8, 1792 Amsterdam, Montgomery County, New York - December 25, 1877 Lowville, Lewis County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.
After graduating from Lowville Academy, he became a teacher. He was commissioned a lieutenant colonel in the War of 1812. Afterwards he studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1817, and practiced in Lowville.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (5th D.) from 1827 to 1828, sitting in the 50th and 51st New York State Legislatures. He was President pro tempore of the State Senate and Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York from October 17 to December 31, 1828.
Dayan was a presidential elector in 1828, voting for Andrew Jackson and John C. Calhoun.
He was elected as a Jacksonian to the 22nd United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1831, to March 3, 1833. He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Lewis Co.) in 1835 and 1836.
From 1840 to 1845, he was District Attorney of Lewis County. He retired from public life because of ill health, but continued the practice of law.
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Charles Evans Hughes
Charles Evans Hughes, Sr. (April 11, 1862 – August 27, 1948) was an American statesman, lawyer and Republican politician from New York. He served as the 36th Governor of New York (1907–1910), Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1910–1916), United States Secretary of State (1921–1925), a judge on the Court of International Justice (1928–1930), and the 11th Chief Justice of the United States (1930–1941). He was the Republican candidate in the 1916 U.S. Presidential election, losing narrowly to Woodrow Wilson.
Hughes was a professor in the 1890s, a staunch supporter of Britain's New Liberalism, an important leader of the progressive movement of the 20th century, a leading diplomat and New York lawyer in the days of Harding and Coolidge, and was known for being swing voter when dealing with cases related to the New Deal in the 1930s. Historian Clinton Rossiter has hailed him as a leading American conservative.
Charles Evans Hughes was born in Glens Falls, New York. He was active in the Northern Baptist church, a Mainline Protestant denomination.
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Charles Stebbins
Charles Stebbins (1789 Williamstown, Berkshire County, Massachusetts - 1873) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
He graduated from Williams College in 1807, then studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1810, and commenced practice in Cazenovia, New York. In 1819, he married Eunice Masters.
He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1826 to 1829, sitting in the 49th, 50th, 51st and 52nd New York State Legislatures. When Governor Van Buren resigned to become Secretary of State in March 1829, and Lieutenant Governor Enos T. Throop succeeded to the governorship, Stebbins was elected President pro tempore of the State Senate and was Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York until the end of 1829.
He was one of the three Bank Commissioners, appointed by the Governor.
He was buried at the Evergreen Cemetery in Cazenovia.
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Charles T. Saxton
Charles Terry Saxton (July 2, 1846, Clyde, Wayne County, New York – October 23, 1903, Rochester, Monroe County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
He was the son of Daniel Saxton and Eliza A. Saxton. He was educated at the Clyde High School.
In 1861, he joined the 19th Regiment of New York Volunteers, and finished the American Civil War as a major. He fought in the Red River Campaign and in the Battle of Port Hudson. Afterwards he studied law and was admitted to the bar. He was a Justice of the Peace, and President of the Village of Clyde.
He was an alternate delegate to the 1884 Republican National Convention, and a delegate to the 1900 Republican National Convention.
He was a member from Wayne County of the New York State Assembly from 1887 to 1889. In 1888, as Chairman of the Judiciary Committee, he took charge of the Ballot Reform Bill and secured its passage in both Assembly and Senate, but it was vetoed by Gov. David B. Hill. The next year, he had the bill passed again, but it was vetoed again by Gov. Hill.
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Charles Woods
Charles Woods (August 31, 1921 - October 17, 2004) was an Alabama businessman and broadcaster, and aspiring politician. Woods was raised in an orphanage. He enlisted in the Royal Canadian Air Force before joining the U.S. Army Air Corps in World War II. He was a decorated pilot with the Air Corps.
He was born Charles Arthur Morris just 35 miles (56 km) outside Birmingham, Alabama. His divorced mother was unable to support her two young sons so she placed them in a state orphanage when he was five years old. He never saw her again and at age of 6 was adopted by P. A. Woods family from Headland, Alabama. He attended schools in Hollywood, California, where his new family lived for some time, and in Headland.
Woods joined the RCAF and the United States Army Air Corps in 1941.
Woods was severely injured in a 1944 airplane crash on December 23. He taxied down a runway in Kurmitola, India, carrying 28,000 pounds (12.7 tonnes) of aviation fuel to be delivered in Lulaing, China. After making the trip alone, hundreds of times, on this particular trip, he was flying with a pilot-in-training, Captain Stalmacher, in first seat. Stalmacher erred on take-off, braking too soon causing the airplane to lose speed with too little runway left. The bomber exploded on take-off, and Woods was the only crew member who survived. He suffered severe burns over 70% of his body. The fire erased his face, destroying his nose, eyelids, ears and hands. He was transported to Valley Forge General Hospital, a military hospital in Pennsylvania six weeks after the accident. Since he was so weak, he could only travel short legs at one time. The 10,000 mile (16,000 km) trip proved arduous to Woods who arrived at Valley Forge malnourished, dehydrated and suffering from infections in addition to being severely burned.
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Chauncey Depew
Chauncey Mitchell Depew (April 23, 1834 – April 5, 1928) was an attorney for Cornelius Vanderbilt's railroad interests, president of the New York Central Railroad System, and a United States Senator from New York from 1899 to 1911.
He was born on April 23, 1834. He attended Peekskill Military Academy for 12 years. He then attended Yale University from 1852 to 1856. He had second dispute appointments Junior and Senior years; speaker at Junior Exhibition and Commencement; member of the Thulia Boat Club, Linonia (third president), Kappa Sigma Epsilon, Kappa Sigma Theta, Psi Upsilon, and Skull and Bones.
Following his graduation from Yale, Depew entered the office of Edward Wells, a lawyer in Peekskill, as a student. Depew read law with William Nelson of Peekskill, New York from 1856–58; was admitted to the bar in March, 1858; opened an office and practiced in Peekskill until 1861; later engaged in the brokerage business in New York City as member of firm of Depew & Potter for a few months; then resumed his law practice in Peekskill, but shortly afterwards moved to New York City; in 1865 appointed and confirmed United States Minister to Japan, but declined the appointment to pursue his railroad career.
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Chris Cuomo
Christopher "Chris" Cuomo (born August 9, 1970) is a television journalist, ABC News chief law and justice correspondent, and co-anchor for ABC's 20/20. He is the son of former New York Governor Mario Cuomo and the brother of current Governor Andrew Cuomo.
Cuomo attended The Albany Academy, received his undergraduate degree from Yale University, and his Juris Doctor from Fordham University and is a licensed attorney. He resides in New York City with his wife, Cristina, and three children: a son, Mario, and daughters Bella and Carolina Regina.
Cuomo was a correspondent for the Fox News Channel and Fox Broadcast Network’s Fox Files, where he covered a wide range of stories focusing on controversial social issues. He also served as a political policy analyst for Fox News Channel. Prior to Fox News, Cuomo made similar appearances on CNBC, MSNBC and CNN.[citation needed]
As co-anchor of 20/20, Cuomo has championed purposeful journalism. His most recent long-form coverage includes a groundbreaking look at the new face of heroin. His year-long coverage reveals suburban heroin addiction attacking families like never before. Other recent work has tackled major issues such as the Haiti earthquake, child custody, bullying, homeless teens; policy change has come after Cuomo’s undercover look at for-profit school recruiters, leading to an industry clean-up; and Cuomo’s tip from a BMW owner led to a recall of over 150,000 affected models.
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Christopher Morgan
Christopher Morgan (June 4, 1808 - April 3, 1877) was a U.S. Representative from New York, brother of Edwin Barber Morgan and nephew of Noyes Barber.
Born in Aurora, New York, Morgan pursued classical studies and was graduated from Yale College in 1830. He studied law. He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Aurora, New York.
Morgan was elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses (March 4, 1839-March 3, 1843). He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection in 1842 to the Twenty-eighth Congress.
He moved to Auburn, New York, in 1843 and continued the practice of his profession. He was Secretary of State of New York from 1847–1851, and Superintendent of the New York public schools from 1848-1852. He served as mayor of Auburn in 1860 and 1862, and was a Trustee of the State lunatic asylum in Utica, New York.
He died in Auburn, New York, April 3, 1877, and was interred in Fort Hill Cemetery.
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
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Clayton R. Lusk
Clayton Riley Lusk (December 26, 1872 Lisle, Broome County, New York - February 1959) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He is now mostly remembered as Chairman of the "Lusk Committee", and was Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York in 1922.
He graduated LL.B. from Cornell University Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1902.
A Republican from Cortland County, Lusk was elected to the New York State Senate in 1918. From 1919 to 1920, he chaired the Joint Legislative Committee to Investigate Seditious Activities, which consisted of four senators and five assemblymen and was known popularly as the "Lusk Committee."
Lusk was chosen Majority Leader of the New York State Senate in 1921 and 1922. On September 26, 1922, upon the resignation of Lt. Gov. Jeremiah Wood, who was appointed a judge of the New York Court of Claims, Lusk became President pro tempore of the State Senate and Acting Lieutenant Governor until the end of the year. At the end of his third term, he came under scrutiny for allegedly having accepted gifts from various companies to support or oppose legislation.
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Cord Meyer
Cord Meyer, Jr. (November 10, 1920 – March 13, 2001) was an American Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) official.
Meyer's father, Cord Meyer Sr., was a diplomat and former real estate developer. His grandfather, also called Cord Meyer, was a property developer and a chairman of the New York State Democratic Committee. He was educated at St. Paul's School, New Hampshire, and attended Yale University, where he was a member of the Scroll and Key society. After graduating in 1942, he enlisted with the 22nd Marine Regiment and fought in Pacific War; he took part in the Battle of Eniwetok, and in the Battle of Guam as platoon leader, losing his left eye in a grenade attack. He shared his war experiences, writing for The Atlantic Monthly.
In 1945, he married Mary Pinchot, daughter of Amos Pinchot.
After the war, Meyer was a strong advocate of world government. He was an aide of Harold Stassen to the 1945 San Francisco United Nations Conference on International Organization and in 1947, was elected president of the United World Federalists, the organization he helped to fund.
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Dan Quayle
James Danforth "Dan" Quayle (
/ˈkweɪl/; born February 4, 1947) served as the 44th Vice President of the United States, serving with President George H. W. Bush (1989–1993). He served as a U.S. Representative and U.S. Senator from the state of Indiana.
Quayle was born in Indianapolis but spent most of his childhood living in Arizona. He married Marilyn Tucker in 1972 and obtained his J.D. from Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law in 1974. He practiced law in Huntington, Indiana with his wife before being elected to the United States Congress in 1976, aged 29. In 1980, Quayle was elected to the Senate.
In 1988, Vice President George H. W. Bush was nominated for the presidency by the Republican Party and asked his party to nominate Quayle as his vice presidential running mate. Although this choice was met with some dismay, the Bush/Quayle ticket won the 1988 election over Democrats Michael Dukakis and Lloyd Bentsen. As vice president, Quayle made official visits to 47 countries and was appointed chairman of the National Space Council. He secured re-nomination for vice-president in 1992 but the Bush/Quayle ticket was defeated by Democrat Bill Clinton and his vice-presidential running mate, Al Gore.
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Daniel D. Tompkins
Daniel D. Tompkins (June 21, 1774 – June 11, 1825) was the fourth Governor of New York (1807–1817), and the sixth Vice President of the United States (1817–1825).
A jurist by background, he was notable as one of the most enterprising governors in the War of 1812. To help organize the state militia, he often invested his own capital when the legislature would not approve the necessary funds. After the war, he failed to recover these massive loans, despite endless litigation, which took a toll on his health, and induced the alcoholism that affected his performance as Vice President.
Tompkins was baptized Daniel Tompkins, but added the middle initial "D." while a student at Columbia College to distinguish himself from another Daniel Tompkins there. There is controversy as to what the middle initial stood for; some have suggested "Decius".[citation needed]
Tompkins was born in Scarsdale, Westchester County, New York at his home, the estate of Fox Meadow. He graduated from Columbia College in New York City in 1795. Tompkins studied law and in 1797 was admitted to the bar, practicing in New York City. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention in 1801, a member of the New York State Assembly in 1804, and was elected to the 9th United States Congress, but resigned before the beginning of the term to accept, at age 30, an appointment as associate justice of the New York Supreme Court, in which capacity he served from 1804 to 1807. His brother, Caleb Tompkins (1759–1846), was a United States Representative from New York from 1817 to 1821.
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Daniel Magone
Daniel Magone (January 1829 - September 4, 1904) was Collector of the Port of New York during the first administration of United States President Grover Cleveland.
He was born in Oswegatchie, New York in January 1829.
Magone became a member of the New York Canal Commission during the governorship of Samuel Tilden, in 1875. The next year he served as chairman of the Democratic Party (United States) state committee. During Tilden's unsuccessful run for the presidency versus Rutherford B. Hayes in 1876, Magone was a delegate at the Democratic National Convention. In January 1878, he was nominated by Governor Lucius Robinson to be Superintendent of Public Works but was rejected by the New York State Senate. He was again selected a delegate to the convention which nominated Cleveland in 1884. Cleveland appointed Magone Collector of the Port of New York in 1886.
Magone died at his Caroline Street home in Ogdensburg, New York, in 1904. He had been in declining health for some time. He was survived by his wife and a daughter.
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Daniel Manning
Daniel Manning (May 16, 1831 – December 24, 1887) was an American businessman, journalist, and politician most notable for having served as the 37th United States Secretary of the Treasury.
Born in Albany New York, he was educated in the public schools and then entered the world of commerce. At the age of 11, Manning went to work for the Albany Atlas which later consolidated with the Argus in 1856 where he became the editor in 1865 and owner in 1873.
Manning's political career was very successful as well. He served as the chairman of the New York Democratic committee from 1881 to 1885, and later was appointed U.S. Secretary of the Treasury by President Grover Cleveland in March 1885. Manning resigned from this post in February 1887 due to ill health.
He died later that year in Albany of Bright's disease. An engraved portrait of Manning appears on U.S. paper money, on the series 1886 20.00 silver certificates. Some of these notes are referred to as "diamondbacks" due to their unusual reverse design and they are scarce.
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Daniel S. Dickinson
Daniel Stevens Dickinson (September 11, 1800 – April 12, 1866) was a New York politician, most notable as a United States Senator from 1844 to 1851.
Born in Goshen, Connecticut, he moved with his parents to Guilford, Chenango County, New York, in 1806. He attended the common schools, was apprenticed to a clothier, and taught school at Wheatland, New York from 1821 on. In 1822, he married Lydia Knapp. He also engaged in land surveying, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1828. He commenced practice in Guilford, and served as Postmaster of Guilford from 1827 to 1832. He moved to Binghamton, New York and served as the first President of the City of Binghamton in 1834.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (6th D.) from 1837 to 1840, sitting in the 60th, 61st, 62nd and 63rd New York State Legislatures. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1843 to 1844. In 1844, he was a presidential elector, voting for James K. Polk and George M. Dallas.
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David B. Hill
David Bennett Hill (August 29, 1843 – October 20, 1910) was an American politician from New York who was the 29th Governor of New York from 1885 to 1891.
David B. Hill was born in Havana, New York on August 29, 1843. He was educated locally, studied law, and began a practice in Elmira in 1864. In 1864 was he was named Elmira's City Attorney. A Democrat, Hill served in the New York State Assembly from 1871 to 1872. Hill was elected an Elmira Alderman in 1880, served as Mayor of Elmira in 1882, and was President of the New York State Bar Association from 1886 to 1887.
Hill was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1883 to 1885, elected in 1882 on the ticket with Governor Grover Cleveland. He was Governor from 1885 to 1891, succeeding to the office upon Cleveland's resignation and re-elected in 1885 and 1888. During his tenure as Governor, William Kemmler was executed in the electric chair, the first inmate in the country ever to be put to death in this manner. On April 23, 1889 Hill vetoed a bill from the state legislature that would block the street construction at the Polo Grounds. He also vetoed two times (1888 and 1889) a ballot reform bill by the Republican legislature to stop the rife election fraud in New York.
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David Duke
David Ernest Duke (born July 1, 1950) is a former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan an American activist and writer, and former Republican Louisiana State Representative. He was a candidate in the Democratic presidential primaries in 1988 and the Republican presidential primaries in 1992. Duke has unsuccessfully run for the Louisiana State Senate, U.S. Senate, U.S. House of Representatives, and Governor of Louisiana.
A former Grand Wizard of the Knights of the Ku Klux Klan, Duke describes himself as a racial realist, asserting that "all people have a basic human right to preserve their own heritage." He is in strong opposition to what he asserts to be Jewish control of the Federal Reserve Bank, the federal government and the media. Duke supports stopping both legal and illegal Non-European immigration, preservation of what he labels Western culture and traditionalist Christian "family values", strict Constitutionalism, abolition of the Internal Revenue Service, voluntary racial segregation, ardent anti-communism and white separatism.
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David Paterson
David Alexander Paterson (born May 20, 1954) is an American politician who served as the 55th Governor of New York, from 2008 to 2010. During his tenure he was the first governor of New York of non Euro American heritage and also the second legally blind governor of any U.S. state after Bob C. Riley, who was Acting Governor of Arkansas for 11 days in January 1975. Patterson is the third African American to serve as governor of any U.S. state. Since leaving office, Paterson has been a radio talk show host on station WOR in New York City.
After graduating from Hofstra Law School, Paterson worked in the District Attorney's office of Queens County, New York, and on the staff of Manhattan Borough President David Dinkins. In 1985, he was elected to the New York State Senate to a seat that was once held by his father, former New York Secretary of State Basil Paterson. In 2003, he rose to the position of Senate Minority Leader. Paterson was selected as running mate by then-New York Attorney General and Democratic Party gubernatorial nominee Eliot Spitzer in the 2006 New York gubernatorial election. Spitzer and Paterson were elected in November 2006 with 69 percent of the vote, and Paterson took office as Lieutenant Governor on January 1, 2007.
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David R. Floyd-Jones
David Richard Floyd-Jones (April 6, 1813 – January 8, 1871) was an American lawyer and politician.
A descendant of an old Long Island family, he was born at the family mansion on the Fort Neck estate in South Oyster Bay, New York (then Queens, now Nassau County) as the son of Brigadier General Thomas Floyd-Jones (1788–1851) and Cornelia Haring (Jones) Floyd-Jones (d. 1839). He was educated at Christ Church Academy in Manhasset, and graduated from Union College in 1832. He studied law in Schenectady, and commenced practice in New York City in 1835.
He was a Democratic member of the New York State Assembly (New York Co.) in 1841, 1842 and 1843.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (1st D.) from 1844 to 1847, sitting in the 67th, 68th, 69th and 70th New York State Legislatures. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1846.
He was Secretary of State of New York from 1860 to 1861, elected in November 1859; and Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1863 to 1864, elected in November 1862.
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Dean Richmond
Dean Richmond (1804-1866) was Batavia, New York's railroad magnate, director of the Utica and Buffalo Railroad Company, First Vice President of the New York Central Railroad, and from 1864 to 1866, president of the New York Central. He was born in the town of Barnard, Vermont on March 31, 1804, and was a son of Hathaway and Rachel Dean Richmond. His father moved the family to Syracuse, New York, where he was engaged in the early salt industry. His father died when Dean was only fourteen years of age.
He expanded the salt business and, in 1842, he moved to Buffalo, New York where he established a commission and transportation business. With these businesses, he became one of the wealthiest and most influential citizens of the Great Lakes region. He became a director in the Utica and Buffalo Railroad Company and with the completion of the direct line to Batavia, he took up his residence there. With the establishment of the New York Central Railroad Company in 1853, he was chosen the first vice-president of the company, and held that position until 1864, when he was elected president upon the retirement of Erastus Corning. He was also elected president of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway. He served as chairman of the Democratic State Committee from 1857 to his death in 1866. In the summer of 1866, after attending the State convention at Saratoga, he accompanied Samuel J. Tilden on a trip to Washington and Philadelphia. After returning to New York, on August 19, 1866, he was stricken with illness and died on August 27, 1866. He was buried in Batavia Cemetery. The Richmond Memorial Library, in Batavia, was a gift of Mrs. Mary E. Richmond, in memory of her son. Dean Richmond, Jr., who died in 1865.
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Dean Skelos
Dean G. Skelos (born February 16, 1948) is an American politician and the Republican Temporary President and Majority Leader of the New York State Senate. Skelos represents District 9 in the State Senate, which comprises the southwest region of Nassau County. He is the second Long Islander to hold the position of Majority Leader, following Ralph J. Marino.
Skelos graduated from Washington College with a B.A. in History in 1970, and earned a J.D. from Fordham University School of Law in 1975.
Dean Skelos first won elective office on November 4, 1980. Skelos, running on the Republican, Conservative and Right-to-Life party lines defeated Democratic and Liberal party candidate Peter S. Kilcommons, Jr. by a 64% to 36% margin (30,749 to 17,371), to win election in the vacant 19th Assembly District representing Nassau County. The New York State Assembly seat became vacant when incumbent Assemblyman Raymond J. McGrath decided to run for an open seat in the United States House of Representatives due to the retirement of nine-term incumbent John W. Wydler.
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DeWitt Clinton
DeWitt Clinton (March 2, 1769 – February 11, 1828) was an early American politician and naturalist who served as United States Senator and the sixth Governor of New York. In this last capacity he was largely responsible for the construction of the Erie Canal. Clinton was the leader of New York's People’s Party, and was a major rival of Martin van Buren, who was attorney general of New York during Clinton's governorship. According to Daniel Walker Howe (2007) Clinton is an authentic but largely forgotten hero of American democracy. Howe explains, "The infrastructure he worked to create would transform American life, enhancing economic opportunity, political participation, and intellectual awareness."
DeWitt Clinton was the second son born to James Clinton and his wife Mary DeWitt (1737–1795, aunt of Simeon De Witt), and was educated at King's College, what is now Columbia University. He became the secretary to his uncle, George Clinton, who was then governor of New York. Soon after he became a member of the Democratic-Republican Party. He was a member of the New York State Assembly in 1798, and of the New York State Senate from the Southern District from 1798 to 1802, and from 1806 to 1811. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention in 1801. He was a member of the Council of Appointments in 1801–1802 and 1806–1807.
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Earl Dodge
Earl Farwell Dodge, Jr. (December 24, 1932 – November 7, 2007) was a long-time temperance movement leader and a politician of the Prohibition Party, from the U.S. state of Colorado.
Dodge was born in Revere, Massachusetts on December 24, 1932., and joined the Prohibition Party at age 19. He was appointed Chairman of the Prohibition Party in 1979 while the party was operating under the name of the National Statesmen Party; the party name was re-instated following the 1980 election.
In addition to his work with the Prohibition Party, Dodge was active in various other temperance organizations, as well as the Right to Life movement, and in several political memorabilia collecting organizations. In his later years, Dodge began to make a living producing political items.
The following is a list of his candidacies:
Dodge was waiting to board a flight en route from Denver International Airport to Pennsylvania, when he suddenly collapsed. Doctors confirmed it was cardiac arrhythmia. He died on November 7, 2007.
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Ed Koch
Edward Irving "Ed" Koch ( /ˈkɒtʃ/; born December 12, 1924) is an American lawyer, politician, and political commentator. He served in the United States House of Representatives from 1969 to 1977 and three terms as mayor of New York City from 1978 to 1989. He also became known as a "judge" on the television judge show The People's Court from 1997 to 1999.
Koch was born in The Bronx, New York City, to a Conservative Jewish family residing in Newark, New Jersey, where his father worked at a theater. As a child he worked as a hatcheck boy in a Newark dance hall. He graduated from South Side High School in Newark in 1941. He was drafted into the United States Army in 1943 where he served as an infantryman with the 104th Infantry Division, landing in Cherbourg, France in September 1944. He earned two Battle Stars as a Combat Infantryman. He was honorably discharged with the rank of Sergeant in 1946. Koch returned to New York City to attend City College of New York and New York University School of Law and received his law degree in 1948.
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Edward F. Jones
Edward Franc Jones (June 3, 1828 Utica, Oneida County, New York - August 14, 1913 Binghamton, Broome County, New York) was an American merchant, manufacturer, author and politician from New York.
He was the son of Lorenzo B. Jones and Sophronia (Chapman) Jones. He was educated at Leicester, Massachusetts. In 1850, he married Mary A. Tarbell, of Pepperell, Massachusetts.
He fought with the 6th & 26th Massachusetts Regiments in the American Civil War. On February 24, 1866,President Andrew Johnson nominated Jones for the award of the honorary grade of brevet brigadier general, United States Volunteers, to rank from March 13, 1865, for meritorious services during the war. The U.S. Senate confirmed the award on April 10, 1866. In 1862, he married Susan Annie Brown, from Boston. In 1865, he opened a scales manufacturing plant at Binghamton, and became widely known for his new means of advertising. He created the slogan "Jones pays the freight", meaning that, unlike his competitors, he would not charge anything for the delivery of his scales to the buyer.
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Edward J. Flynn
Edward Joseph Flynn (September 22, 1891 The Bronx, then New York County, now Bronx County, New York City - August 18, 1953 Dublin, Republic of Ireland) was an American lawyer and politician. Flynn was a leading Democratic politician of the mid-1900s
Flynn was the youngest son of Henry T. Flynn and Sarah Mallon Flynn. He graduated from Fordham Law School in 1912, and was admitted to the bar in June 1913. Flynn practiced law in partnership with Bill McKeown and later with Monroe Goldwater. He became involved in poltiics and became a prominent local member of the Democratic Party. He served as Assemblyman of Bronx county (1918–1921), Sheriff of Bronx County (1922–1925) Chamberlain of the City of New York (1926–1928), Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Bronx County Democratic Committee (1922–1953), Secretary of State for New York (1929–1939), Democratic National Committeeman from New York (1930–1953), and Chairman of the Democratic National Committee (1940–1943). He was also the United States Commissioner General on the New York World's Fair Commission, from 1939-1940.
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Edward Lazansky
Edward Lazansky (December 9, 1872 Brooklyn, Kings County, New York - September 12, 1955 Southampton, Suffolk County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.
He graduated B.A. from Columbia University in 1895. He graduated from Columbia Law School in 1897, and was admitted to the bar. He was Assistant Corporation Counsel of Brooklyn from 1906 to 1908, and a member of the New York City Board of Education from 1908 to 1909.
He was Secretary of State of New York from 1911 to 1912, elected in 1910. He was a delegate to the 1912 and 1916 Democratic National Conventions.
He was a Justice of the New York State Supreme Court from 1917 to 1926, and a Justice of the Appellate Division from 1926 to 1943.
He was a founder and Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Brooklyn Jewish Hospital.
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Edward Murphy, Jr.
Edward Murphy, Jr. (December 15, 1836 – August 3, 1911) was a single term United States Senator from New York, a businessman, and mayor of Troy, New York.
Edward Murphy was born in Troy, New York and attended local schools. He later was graduated from St. John's College, Fordham in 1857.
Murphy was city alderman from 1864 to 1866. He was Mayor of Troy, New York from 1875 to 1883.
In 1893, he was elected as a Democrat a U.S. Senator from New York and served from March 4, 1893, to March 4, 1899. In 1899, he was defeated for re-election by Republican Chauncey M. Depew. Murphy was Chairman of the Committee on Relations with Canada (53rd Congress).
He resumed his former business activities and was also the president of the Troy Gas Co. and the vice president of the Manufacturers' National Bank of Troy.
His daughter Julia married Hugh J. Grant, a prominent New York City politician.
Murphy died in Elberon, New Jersey on August 3, 1911, aged 74, and was interred in St. Mary's Catholic Cemetery, Troy, New York.
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Edward Schoeneck
Edward Schoeneck (August 1, 1875 Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York - June 22, 1951 Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1915 to 1918.
He was a member from Onondaga County of the New York State Assembly from 1904 to 1907. He was Mayor of Syracuse from 1910 to 1913.
In 1910, he ran for Lieutenant Governor on the ticket with Henry Lewis Stimson, but was defeated. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1915 to 1918, elected on the Republican ticket in 1914 and 1916 with Governor Charles S. Whitman, but both were defeated for re-election in 1918.
He was a delegate to the New York State Convention to ratify the 21st Amendment in 1933.
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Edwin Corning
Edwin Corning (September 30, 1883, Albany, New York – August 7, 1934, Bar Harbor, Hancock County, Maine) was an American businessman and politician from New York. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1927 to 1928.
He was the son of Erastus Corning (1827-1897) and Mary (Parker) Corning (daughter of Amasa J. Parker). He was educated at The Albany Academy and Groton School, and graduated B.A. from Yale University in 1906. Then he began work for the Ludlum Steel Company in Watervliet, New York, and became its President in 1910.
On November 25, 1908, he married Louise Maxwell, and their children were Erastus Corning 2nd, Louise Corning, Harriet Corning and Edwin Corning, Jr. (b. 1919).
He was a presidential elector in 1924. He was Chairman of the New York State Democratic Committee from 1926 to 1928. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1927 to 1928, elected on the Democratic ticket with Governor Al Smith in 1926. In 1928, when Al Smith planned to run for President, the Democrats asked Corning to run for Governor, but he declined because of ill health.
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Edwin D. Morgan
Edwin Denison Morgan (February 8, 1811 – February 14, 1883) was the 21st Governor of New York from 1859 to 1862 and served in the United States Senate from 1863 to 1869. He was the first and longest-serving chairman of the Republican National Committee. He was also a Union Army general during the American Civil War.
Morgan was born in Washington, Massachusetts on February 8, 1811. He began his business career as a grocer in Hartford, Connecticut. He became a partner with his uncle and served on the city council. In 1836, he removed to New York City and became a successful wholesaler, broker and banker.
He was an alderman, member of the New York State Senate from 1850 to 1853, and State Commissioner of Immigration.
Morgan became highly influential in Republican politics of his time and twice served as chairman of the Republican National Committee, 1856 to 1864 and 1872 to 1876.
He was Governor of New York from 1859 through 1862, elected in 1858 and 1860. He was appointed major general of volunteers in September 1861 and commanded the Department of New York until he resigned on January 3, 1863, serving simultaneously as governor and head of the military department.
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Elias W. Leavenworth
Elias Warner Leavenworth (December 20, 1803 Canaan, Columbia County, New York - November 25, 1887 Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.
He moved with his parents to Great Barrington, Massachusetts in 1806.
He attended the Hudson Academy and graduated from Yale College in 1824. He studied law in Great Barrington and in the Litchfield Law School from 1825 to 1827.
He was admitted to the bar in 1827 and practiced law in Syracuse, New York for 20 years until 1850, when he abandoned the practice because of ill health.
He passed through the various grades and was appointed brigadier general of militia in 1836.
Leavenworth was married to the daughter of Judge Joshua Forman, the founder of Syracuse.
His principal home, a mansion at 607 James Street in Syracuse, New York, was a significant Greek Revival style structure where he received visitors of national and international stature. The home was built on the first lot sold on James Street and completed in 1842. It was designed by renowned Syracuse architect, Deacon Elijah Hayden who was assisted by William B. Cogswell, a draftsman. Unfortunately, the Leavenworth Mansion was demolished in 1950 to make way for an office building.
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Elisha Jenkins
Elisha Jenkins (1772 – May 18, 1849 New York City) was an American politician who served as New York Secretary of State and Mayor of Albany.
He was born to a Providence, Rhode Island Quaker family, who in 1784 came to settle at Hudson, New York. He later lived in Albany, New York, and was one of the first prominent Quakers there. Throughout his adult life, he was a dry goods merchant in the partnerships of Wendell & Jenkins and Thomas Jenkins & Sons. In 1792, he married Catherine Green (ca. 1771-1835), of Providence, R.I. After her death he married his second wife, Hannah.
He was a Federalist member of the New York State Assembly from Columbia County in 1795 and 1798, but changed sides in 1798 when his close political friend Ambrose Spencer joined the Democratic-Republicans.
Jenkins was Columbia County Treasurer from 1798 to 1802, and New York State Comptroller from 1801 to 1806. He was New York Secretary of State from 1806 to 1807, from 1808 to 1810, and from 1811 to 1813. In April 1807, after his first term as Secretary of State, Jenkins was attacked in the street in Albany by Solomon Van Rensselaer, a Federalist of whom Jenkins was a fierce critic. Jenkins sued for damages, and was awarded $2,500. He served as Quartermaster General of the Northern Department during the War of 1812, Mayor of Albany from 1816 to 1819, and presidential elector in 1840.
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Elliott Danforth
Elliott Danforth (March 6, 1850 Middleburgh, Schoharie County, New York - January 7, 1906 Manhattan, New York City) was an American lawyer and politician.
He was the son of Peter S. Danforth, a justice of the New York Supreme Court. He studied law with his father and was admitted to the bar in 1871. On December 17, 1874, he married Ida Prince, and they had a son, Edward Danforth, and a daughter. In 1878, he removed to Bainbridge, N.Y., where his father-in-law was President of the First National Bank. There, Danforth practiced law in partnership with George H. Winsor, and was President of the Corporation of Bainbridge.
He was a delegate to the 1880 and 1884, 1888, 1892, 1896, 1900 and 1904 Democratic National Conventions.
He was Deputy Treasurer under Lawrence J. Fitzgerald from 1885 to 1889, and was New York State Treasurer from 1890 to 1893, elected in 1889 and 1891.
In November 1891, he was a member of the State Board of Canvassers (made up by the Secretary of State, Treasurer, Comptroller, Attorney General and State Engineer), when the electoral fraud in the Dutchess County senatorial election happened by which Governor David B. Hill gained control of the New York State Senate. The Republican candidate Gilbert A. Deane had received 78 votes more than Democrat Edward B. Osborne, but the Board changed 92 votes and declared Osborne elected by a plurality of 14. The New York Supreme Court issued a writ to Danforth, ordering him to certify the election of Deane, but Danforth refused to obey. For this he and the other members of the Board were fined $500 by Justice D. Cady Herrick. The sentence was later upheld by the New York Court of Appeals.
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Erastus Corning 2nd
Erastus Corning 2nd (October 7, 1909 – May 28, 1983) was an American politician. He was Mayor of Albany, New York for more than 40 years, from 1942 to 1983, when Albany County was controlled by one of the last two classic urban political machines in the United States. Albany's longest serving mayor, the Democrat died in office in 1983. His great-grandfather, Erastus Corning, was an industrialist who founded the New York Central Railroad and served as Albany's mayor from 1834 to 1837. His father, Edwin Corning, was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1927 to 1928.
Corning referred to himself as "Erastus Corning 2nd", preferring that moniker to "Erastus Corning II".
Corning was born in Albany, New York, the son of Louise (née Maxwell) and Edwin Corning. His mother was born in Cawnpore, India, where her father was serving as a missionary, to American parents. He was educated at The Albany Academy and Groton School before attending Yale University. After earning his college degree, Corning started an insurance company and soon entered politics with his election to the New York State Assembly in 1935. He was elected to the New York State Senate in 1936.
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Erastus Root
Erastus Root (March 16, 1773 Hebron, then Windham County, now Tolland County, Connecticut – December 24, 1846 New York City) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1793 and became a teacher. Then he studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1796, and commenced practice in Delhi, New York.
He was a member of the New York State Assembly (Delaware Co.) in 1798–99, 1800–01 and 1802.
He was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the 8th United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1803, to March 3, 1805. Afterwards he resumed his law practice.
Hee was elected to the 11th United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1809, to March 3, 1811, and was Chairman of the Committee on Claims.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (Middle D.) from 1812 to 1815, sitting in the 35th, 36th, 37th and 38th New York State Legislatures.
In 1815, he contested successfully the election of John Adams to the 14th United States Congress, and took his seat on December 26, 1815, served until March 3, 1817, and was Chairman of the Committee on Expenditures in the War Department.
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Ethel Skakel
Ethel Skakel Kennedy (born April 11, 1928) is the widow of Robert F. Kennedy, who served as Attorney General of the United States and a United States Senator for the state of New York.
Ethel Skakel was born in Chicago in the year 1928 to Ann Brannack, a Roman Catholic of Irish descent, and George Skakel, a Protestant of remote Dutch descent. Ethel was raised as a Catholic in Greenwich, Connecticut. Her father was the founder of the very successful Great Lakes Carbon Corporation, now a division of SGLCarbon. She attended the all-girls Greenwich Academy in Greenwich, as well as the Convent of the Sacred Heart in Manhattan. In September 1945, Ethel began her college education at Manhattanville College of the Sacred Heart (then located in Manhattan), where she became friends and roommates with Jean Kennedy. Skakel later married Kennedy's brother, Robert F. Kennedy.
Ethel met Robert F. Kennedy during a ski trip to Mont Tremblant Resort in Quebec, Canada during the winter of 1945. At the time, Robert was dating Ethel's sister, Patricia. That relationship ended and Ethel and Robert started seeing each other. Ethel campaigned for his brother, John F. Kennedy, in his 1946 campaign for United States Congress, and wrote her college thesis on his book Why England Slept.
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Francis C. Barlow
Francis Channing Barlow (October 19, 1834 – January 11, 1896) was a lawyer, politician, and Union General during the American Civil War.
Barlow was born in Brooklyn, New York, the son of a Unitarian minister, but was raised in his mother's home town of Brookline, Massachusetts. He studied law at Harvard University, graduated first in his class, and was practicing law on the staff of the New York Tribune newspaper when the Civil War broke out in 1861.
In April 1861, Barlow enlisted as a private in the 12th New York Militia, leaving behind his new bride, Arabella Wharton Griffith Barlow, ten years his senior, after one day of marriage. He was commissioned a first lieutenant in his first month of service. His regiment had only a three-month term of enlistment and he mustered out with his men, but soon found a new regiment. By November he was a lieutenant colonel in the 61st New York, and by the time of the Peninsula Campaign in the spring of 1862, he became its colonel.
Barlow saw his first action at the Battle of Seven Pines as part of the brigade commanded by Brig. Gen. Oliver O. Howard in the II Corps of the Army of the Potomac. At Glendale, in the Seven Days Battles, his regiment became separated from the rest of the brigade; and he exercised personal initiative by advancing his men to the sound of the fighting, encountering a Confederate battle line and leading his men in a bayonet charge against it. The enemy fled, and Barlow picked up a fallen Confederate flag. At the Battle of Malvern Hill, Barlow and his men successfully defended the line against repeated Confederate assaults.
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Francis Hugo
Francis M. Hugo (March 5, 1870, Kingston, Ontario, Canada - December 30, 1930 Manhattan, New York City) was an American politician.
Hugo attended Queen's College (now Queen's University) at Kingston and held Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws degrees. He also earned a law degree from Cornell University.
He was Mayor of Watertown, New York. He was a delegate to the 1912 Republican National Convention.
In 1912, he ran for Secretary of State of New York but was defeated by Democrat Mitchell May. He was Secretary of State of New York from 1915 to 1920, elected in 1914, 1916 and 1918. As Secretary of State, he signed the joint resolution of the Senate and Assembly submitting a women's suffrage ballot question.
In 1923, Hugo was appointed by National Non-Theatrical Motion Pictures, Inc. to screen non-commercial films, a function similar to that performed by Will H. Hays for commercial films.
He married Florence Goodale, and their son was Francis G. Hugo.
His older brother was Trevanion William Hugo, Mayor of Duluth, Minnesota from 1900 to 1904, and another brother was a Minnesota legislator.
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Frank C. Moore
Frank Charles Moore (March 23, 1896, Toronto, Ontario, Canada – April 23, 1978, Crystal River, Citrus County, Florida) was an American lawyer and politician.
He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Conventions of 1938 and 1967. He was New York State Comptroller from 1943 to 1950, elected in 1942 and 1946.
In 1950, he was elected Lieutenant Governor of New York but resigned on September 29, 1953, to become President of Nelson A. Rockefeller's Government Affairs Foundation.
He was buried at Elmlawn Cemetery in Kenmore, New York.
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Frank Campbell
Frank Campbell (March 27, 1858 Bath, Steuben County, New York – February 20, 1924) was an American banker and politician.
He was the son of Lt. Gov. Robert Campbell and Frances Fowler Campbell. He was educated at Haverling Academy and at Trenton, New Jersey.In 1879, he married Mary Louise Willson (d. 1914), and their son was Willson R. Campbell.
With his brother Clarence he founded the Campbell Brothers Bank in Bath in 1880. After dissolving the partnership, he organized the Farmers & Mechanics Bank of Bath, of which he was Cashier until 1922, and then President until his death.
As a Democrat he was New York State Comptroller from 1892 to 1893, elected in 1891 but defeated for re-election in 1893. He was a delegate to the 1892 Democratic National Convention in Chicago. He was Chairman of the New York State Democratic Committee from 1898 to 1904.
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Frank D. O'Connor
Frank D. O'Connor (December 20, 1909 Manhattan, New York City - December 2, 1992 Flushing, Queens, NYC) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was District Attorney of Queens County, New York from 1956 to 1965.
O'Connor was the son of Irish immigrants. He grew up in Elmhurst and graduated from Newtown High School and Niagara University in 1932, and from Brooklyn Law School in 1934. He served as a lieutenant in the U.S. Coast Guard during World War II. He later practiced law in Queens and became active in the Democratic Party.
O’Connor was a member of the New York State Senate (6th District) from 1949 to 1952, and (8th District) in 1955. He gained fame as a lawyer in 1953, when he defended Christopher Emanuel Balestrero, a bass player at the Stork Club falsely accused of armed robbery. The story was the basis of the 1956 Alfred Hitchcock movie, The Wrong Man. Henry Fonda played Balestrero, and O'Connor was portrayed by Anthony Quayle.
O'Connor was elected Queens D.A. in 1955, serving until 1965. He was a delegate to the 1960 and 1964 Democratic National Conventions. He was President of the New York City Council from 1966 to 1968, and ran in 1966 unsuccessfully for Governor of New York against Nelson Rockefeller.
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Frank Milano
Frank P. Milano is a Judge of the New York Court of Claims who was Acting Secretary of State of New York.
Milano served for several years in the administration of Gov. George Pataki as the First Deputy Secretary of State, and became Acting Secretary of State of New York upon the resignation of Randy Daniels on September 23, 2005. He held this post until the appointment of Christopher Jacobs in April 2006.
Milano served for over four years as the part time town judge in Bethlehem, New York, a suburb of Albany. He was nominated by Pataki to the Court of Claims in June 2006 and was confirmed by the State Senate to a nine year term.
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Frank S. Black
Frank Swett Black (March 8, 1853, York County, Maine – March 22, 1913, Troy, New York) was an American newspaper editor, lawyer and politician. He was a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1895 to 1897, and the 32nd Governor of New York from 1897 to 1898.
Born near Limington, York County, Maine, Black was one of eleven children of Jacob, a farmer, and Charlotte B. Black. He graduated from Lebanon Academy in 1871, and then taught school for several years. With the money thus earned, he managed to enter Dartmouth College in 1875. Out of college, he moved to Johnstown, New York, and was employed as editor of the Johnstown Journal.
An ardent follower of his James G. Blaine, also from Maine, Black changed the political stance of the paper while the Democratic owner was out of town, but was promptly dismissed upon the latter's return. He then moved to Troy, New York, and worked for the Troy Whig and the Troy Times. At the same time he studied law, and was admitted to the bar. Black was elected as a Republican to the 54th United States Congress, and served from March 4, 1895, to January 7, 1897, when he resigned.
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Frank W. Higgins
Frank Wayland Higgins (August 18, 1856 – February 12, 1907) was an American politician. He was a delegate to the 1888 Republican National Convention, and a member of the New York State Senate from 1894 to 1902. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1903 to 1904, elected in 1902; and Governor of New York from 1905 to 1906, elected in 1904.
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G. Hilton Scribner
Gilbert Hilton Scribner (April 23, 1831 – January 5, 1910) was an American lawyer and politician who was Secretary of State of New York from 1872 to 1873. He was a fifth-cousin of the publisher Charles Scribner.
A resident of Yonkers, New York, he was a Republican member of the New York State Assembly from Westchester County in 1871 and chairman of its Insurance Committee. He was President of the Belt Line Street Railroad of New York. In 1884, he authored an article titled Where Did Life Begin? in Popular Science. He married Sarah Woodbury Pettingill (b. 1835). He died at his residence "Inglehurst", on Pine Street, in Yonkers. His daughter Sarah Marguerite (b. October 8, 1876) was an artist, poet and storywriter. She married (October 8, 1902) the third son of George Hamilton Frost, Edwin Hunt Frost (b. Chicago August 23, 1874).
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Gail Shaffer
Gail S. Shaffer (b. August 1, 1948 North Blenheim, Schoharie County, New York) is an American politician.
She worked in publishing before entering public life in the 1970s. She served as a town supervisor for two years and then was the Executive Director of the state Rural Affairs Council. The council was chaired by then Lieutenant Governor Cuomo. While serving as town supervisor, she was a member of her county's governing board. Shaffer then was elected to the New York State Assembly.
Shaffer resigned from the Assembly to become Secretary of State of New York in 1983. She served as secretary until Cuomo left office in 1995. In 1986, Shaffer was considered a possible running mate for Cuomo for the office of Lieutenant Governor of New York. She was a delegate to the 2004 Democratic National Convention from New York.
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George DeLuca
George Benjamin DeLuca (September 20, 1889 – May 2, 1983) was an American lawyer, banker and politician. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1955 to 1958.
He was the son of Mariano DeLuca and Catherine (Bonetti) DeLuca. His parents came to the United States in the 1880s from the Province of Belluno.
He was District Attorney of Bronx County from 1950 to 1954. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1955 to 1958, elected on the Democratic ticket with Governor W. Averell Harriman in 1954, but defeated for re-election in 1958. He was a delegate to the 1956 and 1960 Democratic National Conventions.
He was a vice president of the Commercial Bank of America, elected in 1959.
He lived in Riverdale, Bronx.
He died at the North Central Bronx Hospital.
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George H. Cobb
George Henry Cobb (October 10, 1864, Hounsfield, Jefferson County, New York – January 1943) was an American politician from New York. He was President pro tempore of the New York State Senate and Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York in 1910.
He was the son of Elijah Cobb (1833–1934) and Emily (Crandall, Frink) Cobb (d. 1924). He graduated from Potsdam State Normal School in 1886, then studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1891. On April 19, 1893, he married Louisa Wenzel (d. 1938). In 1898, he was City Recorder of Hounsfield. He was District Attorney of Jefferson County from 1899 to 1904.
He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1905 to 1912. He was a delegate to the 1908 Republican National Convention. In March 1910, after the resignation of Jotham P. Allds, Cobb was chosen President pro tempore of the State Senate. In October 1910, after the resignation of Governor Charles Evans Hughes, who had been appointed to the United States Supreme Court, and the succession of Lt. Gov. Horace White to the governorship, Cobb became Acting Lieutenant Governor until the end of the year.
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George H. W. Bush
George Herbert Walker Bush (born June 12, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 41st President of the United States (1989–93). He had previously served as the 43rd Vice President of the United States (1981–89), a congressman, an ambassador, a Director of Central Intelligence, and is currently the oldest surviving president.
Bush was born in Milton, Massachusetts, to Senator Prescott Bush and Dorothy Walker Bush. Following the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941, Bush postponed going to college, enlisted in the US Navy on his 18th birthday, and became the youngest aviator in the Navy at the time. He served until the end of the war, then attended Yale University. Graduating in 1948, he moved his family to West Texas and entered the oil business, becoming a millionaire by the age of 40.
He became involved in politics soon after founding his own oil company, serving as a member of the House of Representatives, among other positions. He ran unsuccessfully for president of the United States in 1980, but was chosen by party nominee Ronald Reagan to be the vice presidential nominee, and the two were subsequently elected. During his tenure, Bush headed administration task forces on deregulation and fighting drug abuse.
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George Pataki
George Elmer Pataki (/pəˈtɑːki/; born June 24, 1945) is an American politician who was the 53rd Governor of New York. A member of the Republican Party, Pataki served three consecutive four-year terms from January 1, 1995 until December 31, 2006.
Pataki's paternal grandfather was János (later John) Pataki (1883–1971) of Aranyos-Apáti, Hungary, who came to the United States in 1908 and worked in a hat factory. János had married Erzsébet (later Elizabeth; 1887 – 1975) around 1904. Their son, Pataki's father, was Louis P. Pataki (1912–1996), a mailman. Pataki's maternal grandfather was Matteo Laganà (born in Calabria, Italy in 1889), who married Agnes Lynch of County Louth, Ireland around 1914. Their daughter, Margaret Lagana, is Pataki's mother. He has an older brother, Louis. George Pataki can still speak a little Hungarian today.
Pataki married Elizabeth Rowland in 1973, and they have four children: Emily, Teddy, Allison, and Owen.
After attending Peekskill High School, he entered Yale University in 1964 on an academic scholarship, and graduated in 1967. While there he served as chairman of the Conservative Party of the Yale Political Union. He received his J.D. from Columbia Law School in 1970.
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George R. Lunn
George Richard Lunn (1873–1948) was an American clergyman and politician from New York. He was the first Socialist mayor in the State of New York, and was a U.S. Representative from 1917 to 1919.
George R. Lunn was born June 23, 1873 near Lenox, Taylor County, Iowa.
Lunn fought in the Spanish-American War in 1898. He was elected Commander-in-Chief of the United Spanish War Veterans in 1931-32.
Lunn was Mayor of Schenectady, New York from 1912 to 1913 and from 1916 to 1917, elected on the Socialist ticket, and from 1920 to 1922, elected as a Democrat. Lunn was elected as a Democrat to the 65th United States Congress, and served from March 4, 1917, to March 3, 1919. In 1920, he was defeated by Harry C. Walker in the Democratic primary for U.S. Senator from New York.
Lunn was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1923 to 1924, elected on the Democratic ticket with Governor Al Smith in 1922, but defeated for re-election in 1924. Lunn owned the land upon which Lath maintained his famous ice house in the leading collateral agreement case, Mitchell v. Lath (Ct. of App. of N.Y, 247 N.Y. 377). The facts of the case are mentioned in the official comments to the Principles of European Contract Law.
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George W. Patterson
George Washington Patterson (November 11, 1799 Londonderry, Rockingham County, New Hampshire - October 15, 1879 Westfield, Chautauqua County, New York) was an American politician who served as United States Representative and Lieutenant Governor of New York.
He graduated from Pinkerton Academy. He moved to New York and settled in Genesee County in 1818, engaged in the manufacture of fanning mills, settled in Leicester, Livingston County, New York in 1825 and engaged in agricultural pursuits and the manufacture of farming implements. He was commissioner of highways of Leicester, and a justice of the peace.
He was a member from Livingston County of the New York State Assembly in 1832, 1833, and from 1835 to 1840, and was Speaker in 1839 and 1840. He was basin commissioner at Albany in 1839 and 1840 and moved to Westfield in 1841 to take charge of the Chautauqua land office.
He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention in 1846, was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1849 to 1850.
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Gideon J. Tucker
Gideon John Tucker (February 10, 1826 New York City – July 1899 New York City) was an American lawyer, newspaper editor and politician. In 1866, as Surrogate of New York, he wrote in a decision of a will case: "No man's life, liberty or property are safe while the Legislature is in session."
He was born on Laight Street, near Canal Street in Lower Manhattan as the son of Alderman John C. Tucker, a leader of the Locofocos. In 1844, he became a lawyer's clerk and subsequently wrote for newspapers. In 1847, he was admitted to the bar. On March 15, 1848, he married Clara L. Livingston (b. 1828). In 1852, he became a tax clerk in the office of the New York State Comptroller at Albany, New York. In 1853, he bought an interest in the Albany Argus from Edwin Croswell, but in 1855 sold his part and founded the New York Daily News, but withdrew from the editorship in September 1857.
He was a delegate to the 1856 Democratic National Convention at Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1857, he was elected a Sachem of the Tammany Society, and later the same year was elected Secretary of State of New York, at age 31 the youngest person ever to be elected to the office. In 1860, Tucker was nominated as President of the Board of Commissioners of the Croton Aqueduct Department, but the Board of Aldermen rejected the appointment.
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Gloria La Riva
Gloria Estela La Riva (born August 13, 1954, in Albuquerque, New Mexico) is an American politician associated with the Party for Socialism and Liberation. She was the party's 2008 presidential candidate, and was also vying for the nomination of the Peace and Freedom Party in California, but lost the bid to Ralph Nader. La Riva launched her presidential campaign in January 2008, with Eugene Puryear running for vice president.
La Riva was first a third-party candidate for President of the United States in the United States presidential election, 1992, representing the Workers World Party, although this was an unofficial run as basically a placeholder on a few state ballots. She had also been the Workers World vice-presidential candidate in the elections of 1984, 1988, 1996, and 2000. She joined the Party for Socialism and Liberation in its split from the Workers World Party in 2004.
La Riva was also the Peace and Freedom Party candidate for Governor of California in 1994, receiving 72,774 votes (0.9%). She ran again in the 1998 gubernatorial election, capturing 59,218 votes (0.71%).
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Grover Cleveland
Stephen Grover Cleveland (March 18, 1837 – June 24, 1908) was the 22nd and 24th President of the United States. Cleveland is the only president to serve two non-consecutive terms (1885–1889 and 1893–1897) and therefore is the only individual to be counted twice in the numbering of the presidents. He was the winner of the popular vote for president three times—in 1884, 1888, and 1892—and was the only Democrat elected to the presidency in the era of Republican political domination that lasted from 1861 to 1913.
Cleveland was the leader of the pro-business Bourbon Democrats who opposed high tariffs, Free Silver, inflation, imperialism and subsidies to business, farmers or veterans. His battles for political reform and fiscal conservatism made him an icon for American conservatives of the era. Cleveland won praise for his honesty, independence, integrity, and commitment to the principles of classical liberalism. Cleveland relentlessly fought political corruption, patronage, and bossism. Indeed, as a reformer his prestige was so strong that the reform wing of the Republican Party, called "Mugwumps", largely bolted the GOP ticket and swung to his support in 1884.
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Hamilton Fish
Hamilton Fish (August 3, 1808 – September 7, 1893) was an American statesman and politician who served as the 16th Governor of New York, United States Senator and United States Secretary of State. Fish has been considered one of the best Secretaries of State in the United States history; known for his judiciousness and reform efforts during the Grant Administration. Fish settled the controversial Alabama Claims with Great Britain through his development of the concept of international arbitration. Fish kept the United States out of war with Spain over Cuban independence by coolly handling the volatile Virginius Incident. In 1875, Fish initiated the process for Hawaiian statehood, by having negotiated a reciprocal trade treaty for the island nation's abundant sugar supply. Fish organized a peace conference and treaty in Washington D.C. between South American countries and Spain. Fish worked with James Milton Turner, America's first African American consul, to settle the Liberian-Grebo civil war. President Grant stated that Hamilton Fish, above all, was the person whom he most trusted for political advice.
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Harold Stassen
Harold Edward Stassen (April 13, 1907 – March 4, 2001) was the 25th Governor of Minnesota from 1939 to 1943. After service in World War II, from 1948 to 1953 he was president of the University of Pennsylvania. In popular culture his name has become most identified with his fame as a perennial candidate for other offices, most notably and frequently President of the United States.
Stassen, the fourth of five children, was born in West St. Paul, Minnesota, to Elsie Emma (née Mueller) and William Andrew Stassen, a farmer and several times mayor of West St. Paul. He was of Norwegian, German and Czech ancestry. He graduated from high school at age 14. At the University of Minnesota Stassen was an intercollegiate debater, captain of the champion university rifle team in 1927, and received bachelor's and law degrees in 1929. After opening a law office with Elmer J. Ryan in South St. Paul that year, he was elected District Attorney of Dakota County in 1930 and 1934, then elected Governor of Minnesota in 1938. Stassen was seen as an "up and comer" after delivering the keynote address at the 1940 Republican National Convention. There he worked to help Wendell Willkie win the Republican Party (GOP) nomination for the presidency.
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Harry C. Walker
Harry Clay Walker (March 18, 1873 Binghamton, Broome County, New York - November 2, 1932) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1919 to 1920.
He was the son of William J. Walker and Sarah Walker. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1894.
He was Mayor of Binghamton from 1917 to 1918.
He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1919 to 1920, elected on the Democratic ticket with Governor Al Smith in 1918. In 1919, he was one of nine members appointed to the Labor Board, created by Governor Al Smith to intervene in labor conflicts, which mediated successfully in a few cases. In 1920, he won the Democratic primary for U.S. Senator from New York defeating George R. Lunn, then Mayor of Schenectady, but lost the election to the incumbent Republican James W. Wadsworth, Jr.
In 1926, he was appointed to the Central New York State Parks Commission. In 1928, he was Chairman of the Taconic State Park Commission.
From August 16, 1932, until his death, he was Grand Master of the Grand Encampment of the Knights Templar of the United States of America.
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Henry Jarvis Raymond
Henry Jarvis Raymond (January 24, 1820 – June 18, 1869) was an American journalist and politician and founder of The New York Times.
He was born on January 24, 1820, on the family farm near Lima, New York, a son and the eldest child of Lavinia Brockway, the daughter of Clark Brockway and Sally Wade and Jarvis Raymond, the son of Jonathan P. Raymond and Hannah Jarvis.
He was an 8th generation direct lineal descendant of Captain Richard Raymond, (1602–1692), and his wife, Judith. There is no evidence to suggest that he was born in Essex, England, although Samuel Raymond's family history makes that claim, and he arrived in Salem, Massachusetts about 1629/30, possibly with a contingent led by the Rev. Francis Higginson. The first actual date given for Richard is on August 6, 1629, when he is on the list of the 30 founding members of the First Church (Congregational) of Salem. He was about 27 years old. He was made a Freeman of Salem in 1634 and was later a founder of Norwalk, Connecticut, and an "honored forefather of Saybrook".
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Henry R. Selden
Henry Rogers Selden (October 14, 1805 Lyme, New London County, Connecticut – September 18, 1885) was an American lawyer and politician. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1857 to 1858. He defended Susan B. Anthony in her 1873 trial for unlawfully voting as a woman.
He was the son of Calvin Selden and Phebe (Ely) Selden. He moved to Rochester, New York, in 1825 to study law in the firm of Addison Gardiner and Selden’s brother Samuel L. Selden. He was admitted to the bar in 1830 and commenced practice in Clarkson, New York.
On September 25, 1834, Selden married Laura Anne Baldwin at Clarkson, and they had three sons and two daughters, among them George Baldwin Selden, who became the first person to be granted a patent for the automobile.
Selden became the case reporter for the New York State Court of Appeals in 1851. Originally a Democrat, he became an abolitionist and founding member of the New York Republican Party in 1856, and was elected Lieutenant Governor that November. In 1858, Yale College conferred the degree of LL.D. on him. He returned to Rochester in 1859. He was a Delegate to the 1860 Republican National Convention.
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Henry S. Randall
Henry Stephens Randall (May 3, 1811 - August 14, 1876 Cortland, Cortland County, New York) was an American agriculturist, writer, educator and politician.
He was the son of General Roswell Randall and Harriet (Stephens) Randall, of Shelburne, Vermont. He came as a young boy from Madison County, New York to Cortland.
He wrote many articles for agricultural periodicals, and Sheep Husbandry, the "sheepman's bible" of the times.
On February 4, 1834, Henry married in Auburn, New York, Jane Rebecca Polhemus, the daughter of Rev. Henry Polhemus and Jane (Anderson) Polhemus. They had a son, Roswell Stephens Randall born November 8, 1834, who married Mary Forby, of Albany, New York. Henry's son Francis died on June 29, 1844, aged 21 months. His daughter Hattie S. Randall married D. J. Mosher, MD, on June 18, 1872.
In November 1849, he ran for Secretary of State on the Democratic ticket but was defeated by Whig Christopher Morgan. He was Secretary of State of New York from 1852 to 1853, elected in November 1851.
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Herbert Pell
Herbert Claiborne Pell, Jr. (February 16, 1884 – July 17, 1961) was a United States Representative from New York, U.S. Minister to Portugal, U.S. Minister to Hungary, and an instigator and member of the United Nations War Crimes Commission.
Mr. Pell was an internationalist and progressive among a class of economic conservatives and geopolitical isolationists. He was the leading American seeking to build awareness of and prevent the Holocaust—and prosecute those responsible—as the principal U.S. sponsor and member of the United Nations War Crimes Commission. Mr. Pell had extensive first-hand experience in international affairs, having lived many years in Europe. He also served on the advisory committee of Yenching University, later merged with Peking University.
Born in New York City, he was a great-grandson of John Francis Hamtramck Claiborne, great-great-grandnephew of William Charles Cole Claiborne and Nathaniel Herbert Claiborne. Through his mother, Katherine Lorillard Kernochan, he inherited a share of the Lorillard fortune. His descendants include U.S. Senator Claiborne de Borda Pell and Herbert Claiborne Pell IV. He was educated at Pomfret School (Connecticut), Harvard University, and Columbia University, New York City. He married He married Matilda, daughter of Nelson Pendleton Bigelow. He later married the portraitistOlive Bigelow Pell.
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Horace White
Horace White (October 7, 1865 – November 27, 1943) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was the 37th Governor of New York in 1910.
He attended Syracuse High School, Cornell University (graduated 1887), and Columbia Law School (graduated 1889), and opened the firm of White, Cheney, Shinaman, and O'Neill in Syracuse, New York in the late 1880s or early 1890s. While at Cornell he was a member of The Kappa Alpha Society.
He served six terms as a member of the New York State Senate from 1896 to 1908 and participated in the drawing of the first charter for the City of New York. He served as Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1909 to 1910, elected in 1908 on the Republican ticket with Governor Charles Evans Hughes. Hughes resigned in October 1910 when he was appointed to the United States Supreme Court, and White succeeded to the governorship, remaining in office until the end of the year.
White served as a trustee of Cornell University from 1916 to 1943. White, who was the nephew of Cornell's first President, Andrew Dickson White, left three-quarters of his estate to the University, and that fund had grown to $1.5 million by 1973. In White's honor, in 1973, Cornell named two professorships after him: the first two Cornell faculty to become Horace White Professors were Michael Fisher and Jack Kiefer. He was also active in Syracuse, serving as president of the Post-Standard Company and participating in numerous other civil, social, and business organizations.
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Horatio Ballard
Horatio Ballard (August 1803 - October 8, 1879) was an American lawyer and politician who was New York Secretary of State from January 1, 1862 to December 31, 1863.
He was born in Homer, New York in 1803 and educated in the Pompey and Cortland Academies. He studied law with Judge Stephens of Cortland and Freeborn G. Jewett of Skaneateles. After being admitted to practice at the age of twenty-four, he partnered with Stephens in Cortland for many years. In 1842, he succeeded Shankland as district attorney. He was a delegate to the 1844 and 1856 Democratic National Conventions. On June 9, 1847, he married Sarah N. Fairchild. He was elected Secretary of State of New York in 1861. In 1867, he was a member of the New York State Assembly from Cortland County. In 1867, he was a member of the New York Constitutional Convention, playing an important role. He died at his residence in Cortland, N.Y.
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Horatio Seymour
Horatio Seymour (May 31, 1810 – February 12, 1886) was an American politician. He was the 18th Governor of New York from 1853 to 1854 and from 1863 to 1864. He was the Democratic Party nominee for president of the United States in the presidential election of 1868, but lost the election to Republican and former Union General of the Army Ulysses S. Grant.
Horatio Seymour was born in Pompey Hill, Onondaga County, New York. His father was Henry Seymour, a merchant and politician; his mother, Mary Ledyard Forman (1785–1859), of Matawan, New Jersey, was the daughter of General Johnathan Forman and Mary Ledyard. At the age of 10 he moved with the rest of his family to Utica, where he attended a number of local schools, including Geneva College (later Hobart College). In the autumn of 1824 he was sent to the American Literary, Scientific & Military Academy. Upon his return to Utica in 1827, Seymour read for the law in the offices of Greene Bronson and Samuel Beardsley. Though admitted to the bar in 1832, he did not enjoy work as an attorney and was primarily preoccupied with politics and managing his family's business interests. He married Mary Bleecker in 1835.
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Howard J. Samuels
Howard Joseph Samuels (December 3, 1919 – October 26, 1984) was an American statesman, industrialist, civil rights activist and philanthropist who served as U.S. Under Secretary of Commerce, Director of the Small Business Administration, Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, and special advisor to the administrations of Johnson, Ford and Carter.
A graduate of the MIT Sloan School of Management, Samuels served as a colonel in the Third Army under General George Patton. Upon conclusion of service, Samuels co-founded the Kordite Corporation. Following the principles he set on his senior thesis, Kordite was the first to produce synthetic products for household consumerism and introduced a number of mainstays including the baggie, wax paper, plastic wrap, disposable kitchenware, and a sturdy trash bag that became the Hefty brand. The success of the company made Samuels one of the wealthiest New Yorkers, and financial able to enter politics.
The Democratic nominee for the Lt. Governor in 1966 on a ticket headed by Frank O'Connor, Samuels also contended unsuccessfully for the nomination for Governor four times from 1962 to 1974. He lost the 1970 primary to Arthur Goldberg and the 1974 primary to Hugh Carey. He also served as special aide to New York City Mayor John Lindsay prior to his appointment as the first Chairman of New York City’s Off-Track Betting operations. Samuels is credited with alerting voters to the need for a Constitutional Convention, forming the non-partisan group Citizens Committee for Constitutional Convention. Members included Secretaries of the Health, Education & Welfare and Commerce departments in the Eisenhower administration, numerous Commissioners and administrators to New York State and City agencies, and Senators' Robert Kennedy and Christopher Dodd. Governor Nelson Rockefeller would later sign the bill.
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Isabell Masters
Dr. Isabell Masters Ph.D. (January 9, 1913 – September 11, 2011) of Topeka, Kansas, was a five-time perennial third-party candidate (Looking Back Party) for President of the United States.
Masters' five presidential campaigns are the most for any woman in U.S. history. She was a candidate in the United States presidential election, 1984, the United States presidential election, 1992 (339 votes), the United States presidential election, 1996 in which she was only on the ballot in Arkansas (but also received a few votes in California and Maryland) (752 votes total, 2000), and the United States presidential election, 2004. Her 1992 running mate was her son, Walter Ray Masters while her 1996 running mate was her daughter, Shirley Jean Masters.
Isabell Masters was born Isabell Arch in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, on January 9, 1913. Her father, a businessman, was of African American and German descent. Masters graduated from Douglas High School in Oklahoma City and received a bachelor's degree in education from Langston University. She later earned a doctorate from the University of Oklahoma. An educator by profession, Masters taught in California, New York, Nevada and Kansas during her career. She specifically worked in schools in the American cities of Pasadena, Los Angeles, Las Vegas, Kansas City and Syracuse, New York.
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Italian American
An Italian American (Italian: Italoamericano singular, Italian: Italoamericani plural), is an American of Italian ancestry. The designation may also refer to someone possessing Italian and American dual citizenship. Italian Americans are the fourth largest European ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German, Irish, African American, English, American and Mexican).
About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the U.S. from 1820 to 2004. The greatest surge of immigration, which occurred in the period between 1880 and 1920, alone brought more than 4 million Italians to America. About 80% of the Italian immigrants came from Southern Italy, especially from Sicily, Campania, Abruzzo and Calabria. This was a largely agricultural and overpopulated region, where much of the populace had been impoverished by centuries of foreign misrule, and the economic measures imposed on the South after Italian unification in 1861 . After unification the Italian government initially encouraged emigration of landless peasants to relieve economic pressures in the South. In the U.S., most Italians began their new lives as unskilled, manual workers in Eastern cities, mining camps and in agriculture. Italian Americans gradually moved from the lower rungs of the economic scale in 1890-1910 to a level comparable to the national average by 1970. By 1990, more than 65% of Italian Americans were managerial, professional, or white-collar workers. The Italian-American communities have often been characterized by strong ties with family, the Catholic Church, fraternal organizations and political parties. Today, over 17.8 million Americans claim Italian ancestry.
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Italian-American
An Italian American (Italian: Italoamericano singular, Italian: Italoamericani plural), is an American of Italian ancestry. The designation may also refer to someone possessing Italian and American dual citizenship. Italian Americans are the fourth largest European ethnic group in the United States (not including American ethnicity, an ethnonym used by many in the United States; overall, Italian Americans rank seventh, behind German, Irish, African American, English, American and Mexican).
About 5.5 million Italians immigrated to the U.S. from 1820 to 2004. The greatest surge of immigration, which occurred in the period between 1880 and 1920, alone brought more than 4 million Italians to America. About 80% of the Italian immigrants came from Southern Italy, especially from Sicily, Campania, Abruzzo and Calabria. This was a largely agricultural and overpopulated region, where much of the populace had been impoverished by centuries of foreign misrule, and the economic measures imposed on the South after Italian unification in 1861 . After unification the Italian government initially encouraged emigration of landless peasants to relieve economic pressures in the South. In the U.S., most Italians began their new lives as unskilled, manual workers in Eastern cities, mining camps and in agriculture. Italian Americans gradually moved from the lower rungs of the economic scale in 1890-1910 to a level comparable to the national average by 1970. By 1990, more than 65% of Italian Americans were managerial, professional, or white-collar workers. The Italian-American communities have often been characterized by strong ties with family, the Catholic Church, fraternal organizations and political parties. Today, over 17.8 million Americans claim Italian ancestry.
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J. Quinn Brisben
John Quinn Brisben (September 6, 1934 – April 17, 2012) was the Socialist Party USA candidate for President of the United States in the 1992 U.S. presidential election. His running mate was initially Bill Edwards, but after Edwards died during the campaign he was replaced by Barbara Garson.
Extremely active in the civil rights movement in the 1960s, Brisben took part in the Mississippi Freedom Summer of 1964—where he was briefly jailed—and in several Southern Christian Leadership Conference-sponsored activities in Alabama from 1965 to 1967. He was active in the anti-Vietnam War movement, served as a boycott captain for the United Farm Workers, and was part of significant progressive movements of all kinds since the 1950s. In July 1990, he helped smuggle 3,000 condoms donated by ACT-UP Chicago to the Moscow Lesbian and Gay Union. In recent years, Brisben had been primarily involved in the disability rights movement, with American Disabled for Attendant Programs Today (ADAPT). In fact, he began his 1992 run for president by serving three days in an Orlando jail for taking part in an ADAPT demonstration.
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James A. Hamilton
James Albert Hamilton (January 24, 1876 New York City – May 7, 1950) was an American politician from New York.
He was the son of John Coulter Hamilton, an Irish immigrant who came to New York in 1864, and Margaret Scott (Vance) Hamilton. He attended Public School No. 32 in Manhattan, and graduated from New York Evening High School in 1892, and B.A. from University of Rochester in 1898. He was a school teacher in New York City from 1898 to 1914. While teacing, he took graduation courses, and received the degrees of M.A. in 1903, LL.B. in 1904 and Ph.D in 1909. On October 11, 1904, he married Georgiana Elizabeth Montgomery, and they had six children.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (22nd D.) in 1915 and 1916. He was NYC Commissioner of Correction from 1918 to 1922. He was Secretary of State of New York from 1923 to 1924, elected at the New York state election, 1922 but defeated for re-election at the New York state election, 1924. He was an alternate delegate to the 1928 Democratic National Convention. He was New York State Industrial Commissioner from 1925 to 1929.
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James Farley
James Aloysius Farley (May 30, 1888 – June 9, 1976) was one of the first Irish Catholic politicians in American history to achieve success on a national level, serving as Chairman of the New York State Democratic Committee, Chairman of the Democratic National Committee and as Postmaster General simultaneously under the first two administrations of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. A business executive and dignitary, and a Knight of Malta, Farley was commonly referred to as a political kingmaker, and was responsible for Franklin D. Roosevelt's rise to the presidency. Farley was the campaign manager for New York State politician Alfred E. Smith's 1922 gubernatorial campaign and Franklin D. Roosevelt's 1928 and 1930 gubernatorial campaigns, as well as FDR's Presidential campaigns of 1932 and 1936. Farley predicted large landslides in both, and revolutionized the use of polling, and polling data. He was responsible for pulling together the New Deal Coalition of Catholics, labor unions, blacks, and farmers for FDR. Farley, and the administration's patronage machine he presided over, helped to fuel the social and infrastructure programs of the New Deal. Farley opposed Franklin Roosevelt breaking the two term tradition of the Presidency, and broke with Roosevelt on that issue in 1940.
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James Stockdale
Vice Admiral James Bond Stockdale (December 23, 1923 – July 5, 2005) was one of the most highly decorated officers in the history of the United States Navy.
Stockdale led aerial attacks from the carrier USS Ticonderoga (CVA-14) during the 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Incident. On his next deployment, while Commander of Carrier Air Wing 16 aboard the carrier USS Oriskany (CV-34), he was shot down over enemy territory on September 9, 1965.
Stockdale was the highest-ranking naval officer held as a prisoner of war in Vietnam. He was awarded 26 personal combat decorations, including the Medal of Honor and four Silver Stars. During the late 1970s, he served as President of the Naval War College.
Stockdale was candidate for Vice President of the United States in the 1992 presidential election, on Ross Perot's independent ticket.
Stockdale was born in Abingdon, Illinois and, following a brief period at Monmouth College (1946), he entered the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland in 1943. In June 1946 he graduated with the class of 1947 due to the reduced schedule still in effect from World War II). Academically he ranked 130th among 821 graduates in his class.
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James Tallmadge, Jr.
James Tallmadge, Jr. (January 28, 1778 Stanfordville, Dutchess County, New York - September 29, 1853 New York City) was an American lawyer and politician who served in the United States House of Representatives.
His father, Colonel James Tallmadge (1744 to 1821), led a company of volunteers at the capture of General John Burgoyne.
He graduated from Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island in 1798, and was secretary to Governor George Clinton from 1798 to 1800. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1802, after which he practiced in Poughkeepsie and in New York City. He was Surrogate of Dutchess County from 1804 to 1810.
He served in the War of 1812 and commanded a company of home guards in defense of New York.
He was elected as a Republican to the Fifteenth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of representative-elect Henry B. Lee on February 18, 1817, and served from June 6, 1817, to March 3, 1819. In the House he defended General Andrew Jackson's course in the Seminole War, and introduced an amendment to the bill authorizing the people of Missouri to draft a constitution and form a state government:
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Jeremiah Wood
Jeremiah Wood (September 27, 1876 – January 16, 1962) was an American lawyer and politician. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1921 to 1922.
He was admitted to the bar in 1900, and practiced in New York City.
He was a member from Nassau County of the New York State Assembly in 1912. He was an alternate delegate to the 1916 Republican National Convention.
He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1921 to 1922, elected on the Republican ticket with Governor Nathan L. Miller in 1920. On September 26, 1922, Wood resigned and was appointed a judge of the New York Court of Claims to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of William D. Cunningham.
In 1925, he ran for the New York Supreme Court but was defeated.
He was Chairman of the Nassau County Republican Committee from 1927 to 1929.
He resided in North Lynbrook, New York, a community he created when the Village of Malverne became an incorporated village in 1921. Wood did not want to live in a village for fear of higher taxes. To avoid this, he changed the borders of the new village so that his home would not be included. He died in 1962 in Hempstead, Nassau County, New York.
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Joe Klein
Joe Klein (born September 7, 1946) is a longtime Washington, D.C. and New York journalist and columnist, known for his novel Primary Colors, an anonymously written roman à clef portraying Bill Clinton's first presidential campaign. Klein is currently a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and is a former Guggenheim Fellow. Since 2003 he has been a contributor at the current affairs Time news group. In April 2006, he published Politics Lost, a book on what he calls the "pollster-consultant industrial complex". He has also written articles and book reviews for The New Republic, The New York Times, The Washington Post, LIFE and Rolling Stone.
Klein graduated from the Hackley School and the University of Pennsylvania with a degree in American civilization. In 1969, Klein began reporting for the Essex County Newspapers, and The Peabody Times in Peabody, Massachusetts In 1972, he reported for Boston's WGBH, and until 1974 he was also the news editor for The Real Paper in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He was a contributing editor for Rolling Stone from 1975 to 1980, and Washington bureau chief from 1975 to 1977. He became friends with actor-director Tom Laughlin after interviewing him for Rolling Stone and appeared briefly as a reporter in Laughlin's 1977 film Billy Jack Goes to Washington.
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Joe R. Hanley
Joseph Rhodes Hanley (May 30, 1876, Davenport, Iowa – September 4, 1961) was an American lawyer and Republican politician who served as Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1943 to 1950.
He served in the U.S. Army during the Spanish-American War. In 1941 and 1942, he was Commander-in-Chief of the United Spanish War Veterans.
He was a member of the New York State Assembly from Wyoming County, New York from 1927 to 1931, and a member of the New York State Senate from the 44th District from 1932 to 1943. After the death of Perley A. Pitcher, he was elected Majority Leader of the New York State Senate on February 27, 1939. When Charles Poletti succeeded to the governor's office upon the resignation of Herbert H. Lehman in December 1942, Hanley became Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York for four weeks.
When Thomas W. Wallace died in office on July 17, 1943, he became again Acting Lieutenant Governor. In November 1943, he defeated Democrat William N. Haskell in a special election for Lieutenant Governor and, re-elected in 1946, continued in office until the end of 1950. He was a delegate to the 1944 and 1948 Republican National Conventions.
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Joel T. Headley
Joel Tyler Headley (December 30, 1813 - d. December 30, 1897) was an American clergyman, historian, Author, newspaper editor and politician who served as Secretary of State of New York.
He was born at Walton, New York to a Presbyterian clergyman father, and he determined to take up the same occupation. He graduated from Union College in 1839 and took a course in theology at the Auburn Theological Seminary in Auburn, New York. After being ordained, he preached at Stockbridge, Massachusetts, but soon had to give up his profession due to the strain, going to Europe in 1842. He turned to history writing, producing many works on various subjects. His writings were among the first to call attention to the Adirondack Mountains as a health resort. He later accepted the solicitations of Horace Greeley and became associate editor of the New York Tribune. He was a member of the New York State Assembly in 1855 and was New York Secretary of State from 1856 to 1857, elected on the American Party ticket. He died in Newburgh, New York in 1897, having lived there for many years.
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John Adams Dix
John Adams Dix (July 24, 1798 – April 21, 1879) was an American politician from New York. He served as Secretary of the Treasury, U.S. Senator, and the 24th Governor of New York. He was also a Union major general during the Civil War.
Dix was born in Boscawen, New Hampshire. He joined the Artillery as a military cadet at the age of 14. He served in the United States Army until 1828, and attained the rank of captain.
In 1826, Dix married Catherine Morgan, the adopted daughter of Congressman John J. Morgan, who gave Dix a job overseeing his upstate New York land holdings in Cooperstown. Dix and his wife moved to Cooperstown in 1828, and he practiced law in addition to overseeing the land holdings. In 1830, he was appointed by Governor Enos T. Throop as Adjutant General of the New York State Militia, and moved to Albany, New York. He was Secretary of State of New York from 1833 to 1839, and a member of the New York State Assembly (Albany Co.) in 1842.
Dix was elected as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Silas Wright, Jr., and held office from 1845 to 1849. In November 1848, he was the Barnburner/Free-Soil candidate for Governor of New York, but was defeated by Whig Hamilton Fish. In February 1849, he ran for re-election to the U.S. Senate as the Barnburner's candidate, but the Whig majority of the State Legislature elected William H. Seward.
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John Alden Dix
John Alden Dix (December 25, 1860 – April 9, 1928) was the 38th Governor of New York from January 1911 to December 1912.
Born in Glens Falls, Warren County, New York, Dix attended Cornell University, but never graduated. He was an initiated member of the Beta Charge of the Theta Delta Chi fraternity. His uncle was Civil War General and Governor of New York John Adams Dix.
In 1908, he ran for Lieutenant Governor of New York on the Democratic ticket with Lewis S. Chanler, but was defeated. Two years later he ran for Governor of New York on the Democratic ticket and was elected.
He died in New York City and was interred at Albany Rural Cemetery in Menands, New York.
Dix was to set sail as a passenger aboard the RMS Titanic on April 20, 1912 upon its arrival in New York for its return voyage to Europe. The trip never took place due to the Titanic sinking on her maiden voyage.
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John Bigelow
John Bigelow (November 25, 1817 – December 19, 1911) was an American lawyer and statesman.
Born in Malden-on-Hudson, New York, John Bigelow, Sr.graduated from Union College in 1835 where he was a member of the Sigma Phi Society and the Philomathean Society, and was admitted to the bar in 1838. From 1849 to 1861, he was one of the editors and co-owners of the New York Evening Post. On June 11, 1850, Bigelow married Jane Tunis Poultney and they had nine children.
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John C. Spencer
John Canfield Spencer (January 8, 1788 – May 17, 1855) was an American lawyer, politician, judge and United States Cabinet secretary in the administration of President John Tyler.
He was the son of Chief Justice Ambrose Spencer. He graduated from Union College in 1806, became secretary to New York Governor Daniel D. Tompkins in 1807, studied law in Albany, New York and was admitted to the bar in 1809, commencing practice in Canandaigua, New York. He married Elizabeth Scott Smith in 1809 and became a master of chancery in 1811.
During the War of 1812, Spencer served in the United States Army where he was appointed brigade judge advocate general for the northern frontier. He was postmaster of Canandaigua, New York in 1814, became assistant attorney general and district attorney for the five western counties of New York in 1815 and was elected a Democratic-Republican to the United States House of Representatives in 1816, serving from March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1819. He was a member of the committee that reported unfavorably on the affairs of the Second Bank of the United States.
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John Hagelin
John Samuel Hagelin (born June 9, 1954) is an American particle physicist, three-time candidate of the Natural Law Party for President of the United States (1992, 1996, and 2000), and the director of the Transcendental Meditation movement for the US.
Hagelin was a researcher at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC), and is now Professor of Physics and Director of the Institute of Science, Technology and Public Policy at Maharishi University of Management. He has conducted research into unified field theory and the Maharishi Effect.
Hagelin was appointed Raja of Invincible America by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi and is also President of the US Peace Government. He is Executive Director of the International Center for Invincible Defense, Executive Director of the Global Financial Capital of New York, Executive Director of the Center for Leadership Performance, Director of the Board of Advisors for the David Lynch Foundation, Honorary Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Maharishi University of Management, and International Director of the Global Union of Scientists for Peace.
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John J. Bennett, Jr.
John James Bennett (March 2, 1894 Brooklyn, Kings County, New York - October 4, 1967, Brooklyn, Kings County, New York) was an American Lawyer and politician.
Bennett was educated in Brooklyn's public and parochial schools, enlisted in the U.S. Army and served in France during World War I as a member of the 77th Infantry Division's 308th Infantry Regiment. He also served as state commander of the American Legion.
In 1923 Bennett received a law degree from Brooklyn Law School and became an attorney in Brooklyn, also working as a professor at his alma mater.
He was New York State Attorney General from 1931 to 1942, elected in 1930, 1932, 1934, 1936 and 1938. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1938. He was a delegate to the 1940 Democratic National Convention. In 1942, he was the Democratic candidate for Governor of New York, but was defeated by Republican Thomas E. Dewey.
During World War II Bennett served in Europe with Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF).
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John J. Ghezzi
John J. Ghezzi (1911 - May 9, 1983 Albany, Albany County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.
He attended Fordham University and Albany Law School, and graduated from St. John's University School of Law in 1933. He entered state government service in 1949, serving as an unemployment insurance referee and an attorney in the corporations division of the Department of State until he was appointed Director of the State Elections and Law Bureau in 1959. He had been deputy secretary of state since 1965 when he was appointed Secretary of State of New York by Governor Malcolm Wilson in 1974.
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John J. Lyons
John J. Lyons (circa 1881 – February 27, 1945) was the Secretary of State of the State of New York.
He was the Republican district leader in Harlem. He was an alternate delegate to the 1916 Republican National Convention, and a delegate to the 1920 Republican National Convention. He was Secretary of State of New York from 1921 to 1922, elected in 1920. He died at the United States Veterans Hospital in the Bronx.
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John Lindsay
John Vliet Lindsay (November 24, 1921 – December 19, 2000) was an American politician, lawyer and broadcaster who was a U.S. Congressman, Mayor of New York City, candidate for U.S. President and regular guest host of Good Morning America.
During his political career, he served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1959 to 1965 and as mayor of New York City from 1966 to 1973. He switched from the Republican to the Democratic Party in 1971, and launched a brief but unsuccessful bid for the 1972 Democratic presidential nomination as well as the 1980 Democratic nomination for Senator from New York. He died from Parkinson's disease and pneumonia on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina, December 19, 2000.
Lindsay was born in New York City on West End Avenue to George Nelson Lindsay and the former Florence Eleanor Vliet. Contrary to popular assumptions, John Lindsay was neither a blue-blood nor very wealthy by birth,[page needed] although he did grow up in an upper middle class family of English and Dutch extraction. Lindsay's paternal grandfather migrated to the United States in the 1880s from the Isle of Wight, and his mother was from an upper-middle class family that had been in New York since the 1660s. John's father was a successful lawyer and investment banker, and was able to send his son to the Buckley School, St. Paul's School and Yale, where he was admitted to the class of 1944 and joined Scroll and Key.
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John Morin Scott
John Morin Scott (1730 New York City - September 14, 1784 New York City) was a lawyer, military officer, and statesman before, during and after the American Revolution.
The Scott family descends from Sir John Scott, Baronet (1648–1712), of Ancrum, Roxburghshire in Scotland, whose second son, Captain John Scott (1678–1740), emigrated to New York City, where he received the rights of citizenship in 1702. He had nine children, the eldest of which was John Scott (1702–1733), a Manhattan merchant, who married Marian Morin (1703–1755), daughter of Huguenot settler Pierre Morin. Their only child was John Morin Scott.
Scott was born in Manhattan and attended public school there. His father died when he was three years old, and his mother never remarried.
He graduated Yale College in 1746, at the age of 16. After further study he was admitted to the New York bar association in 1752, and practiced law in Manhattan, where he also served as an alderman from 1756 to 1761.
During the Revolutionary War, John Scott was a member of the New York Provincial Congress while also serving as a brigadier general under George Washington in the New York and New Jersey campaign. He commanded the 1st New York (Independent) Battalion, the 2nd New York (County) Battalion, and several New York Militia Regiments. He fought with Putnam's division at the Battle of Brooklyn on August 27, 1776, and was the last of Washington's generals to argue against surrendering Manhattan to the British—possibly due to his large landholdings there, including what is now Times Square and New York City's Theater District.
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John P. Lomenzo
John P. Lomenzo (August 12, 1915 - June 7, 2004 Rochester, Monroe County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.
He graduated from Fordham University School of Law, and was admitted to the bar in 1939. He was a judge of the Monroe County Court when he was the Republican candidate for New York State Comptroller in 1962. He was defeated by the incumbent Democrat Arthur Levitt, Sr., but was appointed Secretary of State of New York by Governor Nelson A. Rockefeller on August 22, 1963, and stayed in office until he was replaced by Governor Malcolm Wilson after Rockefeller's resignation. In 1970-71, he was the President of the National Association of Secretaries of State. He was an alternate delegate to the 1964 Republican National Convention.
Since 1975, he had been a director of Conair Corporation. He was a partner in the law firm of Field, Lomenzo & Turret.
His son John P. Lomenzo, Jr., has been Town Court Justice of Penfield, New York since 1995.
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John Raines
John Raines (May 6, 1840, Geneva, Ontario County, New York – December 16, 1909, Canandaigua, Ontario County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
He was educated at Canandaigua Academy and Albany Law School, from where he graduated in 1861. Admitted to the bar upon graduation, Raines set up a law practice in Geneva, New York.
During the American Civil War, Raines formed and served as Captain of Company G of the 85th New York Volunteer Infantry and served in both the Army of the Potomac and the Army of North Carolina.
He was a Republican member of the New York State Assembly in 1881, 1882 and 1885, and of the New York State Senate from 1886 to 1889. In addition he was President of the Board of Education for the Canandaigua school district from 1887 until his death. He was a delegate to the 1888 Republican National Convention.
He was elected to the 51st and 52nd United States Congresses, and served from March 4, 1889, to March 3, 1893. Afterwards he returned to the State Senate where he served from 1894 until his death, and was President pro tempore from 1904 on. He was an alternate delegate to the 1900 and 1904 Republican National Conventions.
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John T. Hoffman
John Thompson Hoffman (10 January 1828 – 24 March 1888) was the 23rd Governor of New York (1869–1872). He was also Recorder of New York City (1861-1865) and Mayor of New York City (1866-1868). Connections to the Tweed Ring ruined his political career, in spite of the absence of evidence to show personal involvement in corrupt activities.
He was born in Ossining in Westchester County, New York. His father, Adrian Kissam Hoffman, was a physician in Westchester County. His father's parents, Philip L. Hoffman and Helena Kissam, were "among the most valuable members of early society in New York, and the founders of many public charities and benevolent works," Harper's Weekly effused.
He attended Union College starting in 1843 in the junior class, but had to leave for a time due to ill health, eventually graduating in 1846. He then studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849 and set up shop in Manhattan.
When he was elected mayor in 1865, reformers had high hopes for him. A front-page article in Harper's Weekly intoned:
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John T. McDonough
John Thomas McDonough (b. July 12, 1843 Birdhill, County Tipperary, Ireland) was an American lawyer and politician.
He came with his parents to the United States in 1850, and they settled in Dunkirk, New York. He graduated from St. John's College, and studied law at Columbia Law School, finishing as Bachelor of Laws in 1861. He was admitted to the bar in 1869.
He served two terms as Police Magistrate at Dunkirk, N.Y., and in 1876 was elected Special Surrogate of Chautauqua County, New York, serving until 1878. Afterwards he resumed his law practice, at times in New York City, in Buffalo, New York, and from 1881 on in Albany, New York. In 1884 he ran for Recorder of the City of Albany, but was defeated. In 1891, he ran in the Third Judicial District for Justice of the New York Supreme Court, but was defeated by Democrat D. Cady Herrick. He was a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1894. In 1896, he was appointed by Governor Levi P. Morton New York State Commissioner of Statistics of Labor.
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John Tayler
John Tayler (July 4, 1742 – March 19, 1829) was a merchant and politician. He served nine years as Lieutenant Governor of New York, four months as Acting Governor of New York, and also in both houses of the New York State Legislature.
He was a trader, farmer and shopkeeper in Albany. He married Margarita Van Valkenburgh in 1764.
Tayler was a Patriot during the Revolutionary War. He was drawn into public service for the Colonies.
He was a member from Albany County in the New York State Assembly from 1777 to 1779, in 1780-81, and from 1785 to 1787. He was appointed City Recorder (Deputy Mayor) of Albany in 1793, and First Judge of the Albany County Court in 1797. In 1798, he ran for U.S. Senator from New York, but was defeated by Federalist James Watson. He served in the New York State Senate from 1804 to 1813. On January 29, 1811, he was elected President pro tempore of the State Senate and was Acting Lieutenant Governor, Lt. Gov. John Broome having died in August 1810. He served until the end of June 1811 when he was succeeded by DeWitt Clinton who had been elected Lt. Gov. in a special election under the provisions of Article XX of the New York State Constitution of 1777.
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John Van Ness Yates
John Van Ness Yates (December 1779 – January 10, 1839) was a New York lawyer, Democratic-Republican politician, and Secretary of State from 1818 to 1826. He was born in Albany to Robert Yates, a prominent Anti-Federalist attorney and jurist. He became a lawyer after clerking in the office of John Vernon Henry. He held a number of offices in Albany, and was one of the first trustees of the Albany United Presbyterian Church. He was a captain of a light infantry company in 1806, master in chancery in 1808, recorder of the city 1809-1816, and New York Secretary of State 1818-1826. He co-authored History of the State of New-York: Including Its Aboriginal and Colonial Annals (1826). He was buried in Albany Rural Cemetery.
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Joseph Bradford Carr
Joseph Bradford Carr (August 16, 1828 – February 24, 1895) was a general in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
Carr was born in Albany, New York, the son of Irish immigrants, and worked as a tobacconist. While living in Troy, New York, he became interested in military affairs and by 1861 was a colonel in the New York militia.
At the start of the war, Carr was instrumental in the recruitment of the 2nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment and was appointed its colonel on May 14, 1861. Assigned to Fort Monroe, Virginia, the regiment took part in the engagement at Big Bethel. Carr served in the Army of the Potomac throughout the Peninsula Campaign and Seven Days Battles as well as the Northern Virginia Campaign. As a brigade commander in the III Corps, General Carr participated in the battles of Fredericksburg and Chancellorsville (commanding a division during a part of the latter after the death of Hiram Berry).
Carr was promoted to brigadier general on September 7, 1862, for gallantry at Malvern Hill, but this promotion was plagued by procedural difficulties. His first appointment was returned to the president on February 12, 1863. He was reappointed on March 30, 1863, but the United States Senate failed to confirm the commission in the session in which he was nominated and it expired on March 30, 1864. He was renominated on April 9, 1864, and confirmed on June 30, 1864, with a date of rank of March 30, 1863.
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Joseph Bruno
Joseph L. Bruno (born April 8, 1929) is an American businessman, and Republican politician. He was the Temporary President of the New York State Senate and its majority leader. Most recently he also served as Lieutenant Governor of New York (Acting).
On June 23, 2008, Bruno announced that he would not seek reelection to the State Senate in 2008. On June 24, 2008, Bruno stepped down from the positions of Senate Majority Leader and "temporary president of the senate", but remained a State Senator. On July 18, 2008, Bruno resigned from the New York State Senate. He represented the 43rd New York State Senate District, and is on record as a member of the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).
On January 23, 2009, Bruno was indicted on eight counts of corruption, including mail and wire fraud.
On December 7, 2009, Bruno was convicted of two counts of mail and wire fraud. He was acquitted of five felonies, and the jury hung on the last count. His convictions were subsequently overturned on appeal, and as of 2011 prosecutors planned to retry him.
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Kerry Kennedy
Mary Kerry Kennedy (born September 8, 1959) is an American human rights activist and writer. She is the seventh of the eleven children of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel Kennedy. She was known as Kerry Kennedy Cuomo from 1991 until 2003.
Kennedy was born in Washington, D.C. She is a graduate of The Putney School and Brown University and received her J.D. from Boston College Law School.
Since 1981, Kennedy has worked as a human rights activist, leading delegations into countries such as El Salvador, Gaza, Haiti, Kenya, Northern Ireland, and South Korea She was also involved in causes in China, Indonesia, Vietnam, India, Sudan, and Pakistan.
She established the Robert F. Kennedy Center for Human Rights in 1988 and was the Executive Director of the Robert F. Kennedy Memorial until 1995. Since 2006 she is Honorary President of the Robert F. Kennedy Foundation of Europe, based in Rome (Italy). She is also the chair of the Amnesty International Leadership Council, and has been published in The Boston Globe, The Chicago Sun-Times, and The New York Times. She is a judge for the Reebok Human Rights Award.
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Larry Agran
Lawrence Alan "Larry" Agran (born February 2, 1945) is a former mayor of Irvine, California. Agran currently serves as Mayor Pro Tem on the City Council.
Agran was born in Chicago, the son of Selma and Reuben Agran. He was raised in a "politically liberal Jewish household". Agran graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the University of California, Berkeley in 1966 with a Bachelor of Science degree in both history and economics. He then earned a Juris Doctor (with honors) from Harvard Law School in 1969, specializing in public interest law.
Agran served as Legal Counsel to the California State Senate Committee on Health and Welfare, and taught legislation and public policy at the UCLA School of Law and the University of California, Irvine Graduate School of Management.
Between 1979 and 1990, he served on the city council, including 6 years as Mayor (Irvine employs a council-manager government).
Larry Agran rejoined the Irvine City Council and has, for many years, served as a city councilman; he chaired the City’s Great Park board until February 2011. (The board is charged with planning, constructing and operating a new park of nearly 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) at the former El Toro Marine Corps Air Base in Irvine.) The fully funded, nearly $70 million Great Park Western Sector Park Development plan is in its first phase, and the North Lawn multi-use area is expected to open to the public in spring 2011. Construction was about to begin in early 2011 on an arts and culture area, to be followed by construction of three lighted soccer fields. A leased agricultural area of 114 acres (0.46 km2) produced its first crop of strawberries and the newly opened Great Park Carousel had more than 25,000 riders in the first two months of 2011.
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Levi P. Morton
Levi Parsons Morton (May 16, 1824 – May 16, 1920) was a Representative from New York and the 22nd Vice President of the United States (1889–1893). He also later served as the 31st Governor of New York.
Morton was born in Shoreham, Addison County, Vermont. His parents were the Rev. Daniel Oliver Morton (1788–1852), a Congregationalist minister of old New England stock, and Lucretia Parsons (1789–1862). His older brother, David Oliver Morton (1815–1859), was Mayor of Toledo, Ohio from 1849 to 1850.
He left school early and worked as a clerk in a general store in Enfield, Massachusetts, taught school in Boscawen, New Hampshire, engaged in mercantile pursuits in Hanover, New Hampshire, moved to Boston, entered the dry-goods business in New York City, and engaged in banking there. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1876 to the 45th Congress, but he was appointed by President Rutherford B. Hayes to be an honorary commissioner to the Paris Exhibition of 1878.
Morton was elected, as a Republican, to the 46th and 47th Congresses. He served from March 4, 1879, until his resignation, effective March 21, 1881. The 1880 Republican presidential nominee, James A. Garfield, asked Morton to be his vice presidential running mate, but Morton declined the offer. If he had accepted and history continued on the same course, Morton would have become the 21st President, instead of Chester A. Arthur, after Garfield's assassination.
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Lewis Allaire Scott
Lewis Allaire Scott (February 11, 1759 – March 17, 1798) was an American politician.
He was the son of John Morin Scott and Helena Rutgers Scott.
On January 18, 1785, he married Julianna Sitgreaves (sister of Samuel Sitgreaves), and their son was Mayor of Philadelphia John Morin Scott (1789–1858).
He was Secretary of State of New York from 1784 until his death in office.
He was buried at Trinity Church, New York.
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Lewis Lehrman
Lewis E. "Lew" Lehrman (born August 15, 1938 in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) is an investment banker who actively supports the ongoing study of American history from a conservative perspective. He was presented the National Humanities Medal at the White House in 2005 for his scholarly contributions. His philanthropic work specializes in American History and the study of President Abraham Lincoln. He is a member of the Advisory Committee of the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission and the Lincoln Forum. In addition to co-authoring Money and the Coming World Order and The Case for Gold, Lehrman's latest book, Lincoln at Peoria: The Turning Point,[2] was published in July 2008. He has written for major news publications such as the Washington Post, the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal, and has lectured widely on American history and economics. Lehrman also writes for the Lincoln Institute[3] which has created award-winning websites on the 16th President. Lehrman achieved national political prominence in a 1982 campaign for Governor of New York, in which he ran against Democratic candidate Mario Cuomo, losing the election by only two percentage points. He is presently a senior partner at L. E. Lehrman & Co.[4], an investment firm he established in 1981. He is also currently the chairman of The Lehrman Institute, a public policy research and grant making foundation founded in 1972.
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Lucius Robinson
Lucius Robinson (November 4, 1810, Windham, Greene County, New York – March 23, 1891, Elmira, Chemung County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician. He was the 26th Governor of New York from 1877 to 1879.
He graduated from Delaware Academy in Delhi, New York. Afterwards he studied law in the offices of Erastus Root and Amasa J. Parker, was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice in Catskill, N.Y. He was District Attorney of Greene County from 1837 to 1840. Then he removed to New York City and became a member of Tammany Hall.
He joined the Republican Party when it was founded, and representing this party was a member from Chemung County of the New York State Assembly in 1860 and 1861.
He was New York State Comptroller from 1862 to 1865. In 1861, he was elected on the Union ticket nominated by Republicans and War Democrats. In 1863 he was defeated for re-nomination at the Union state convention, but the nominated candidadte refused to run, and the Republican State Committee put Robinson back on the ticket, and he was re-elected. After the war he joined the Democratic Party again, and was re-nominated for Comptroller on the Democratic ticket, but this time was defeated by the Republican candidate Thomas Hillhouse. After his defeat he resumed the practice of law. In 1871-72 he was a member of the New York State Constitutional Commission.
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Luther Bradish
Luther Bradish (September 15, 1783 Cummington, Hampshire County, Massachusetts - August 30, 1863 Newport, Newport County, Rhode Island) was an American lawyer and politician who served as Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1839 to 1842.
He was the son of Col. John Bradish and Hannah Bradish (née Warner). He served in the U.S. Army during the War of 1812. In 1814, he married Helen Elizabeth Gibbs (daughter of George Gibbs (mineralogist)). She died in 1816 along with their son.
In 1819, Bradish was commissioned by U.S. President James Monroe's United States Secretary of State John Quincy Adams to pursue a treaty with the Ottoman Empire. Up till that point, Philadelphian David Offley was interceding, on behalf of American shippers, with the Empire's regencies along the Barbary Coast, i.e., Algiers, Libya, Tunis, etc., but his effectiveness was limited because the U.S had no official relations with the Empire, even after the conclusion of the Barbary Wars. The treaty terms demanded by Halet Effendi, the Ottoman foreign minister, were unacceptable to the U.S. Any future attempts at negotiations with Halet became moot when he 'offended' the Sultan and was first banished from Constantinople (Istanbul), and then killed. A treaty was eventually completed during President Andrew Jackson's term in office.
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Lyndon LaRouche
Lyndon Hermyle LaRouche, Jr. (born September 8, 1922), also known as Lyn Marcus, is an American political activist and founder of the LaRouche movement. He has written on economic, scientific, and political topics, as well as on history, philosophy, and psychoanalysis. Journalists and government officials in China, Italy and Russia have credited LaRouche with forecasting that unrestricted financial speculation would cause the late-2000s financial crisis.
LaRouche was a presidential candidate eight times between 1976 to 2004, running once for his own U.S. Labor Party and campaigning seven times for the Democratic Party nomination. He was sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment in 1988 for conspiracy to commit mail fraud and tax code violations, and was released in 1994 on parole. Ramsey Clark, his chief appellate attorney and a former U.S. Attorney General, said that LaRouche was denied a fair trial. The Court of Appeals unanimously rejected the appeal.
Supporters of LaRouche call him a political leader in the tradition of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Commentators for The Washington Post and The New York Times have described him as a conspiracy theorist and a political extremist. Some have called him fascist or antisemitic, and a 1979 editorial in the New York Times characterized his movement as a 'cult'.Norman Bailey, formerly with the National Security Council, described LaRouche's staff in 1984 as one of the best private intelligence services in the world, while the Heritage Foundation, a think tank, wrote that he leads "what may well be one of the strangest political groups in American history."
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M. William Bray
M. William Bray (September 25, 1889, Churubusco, Clinton County, New York – January 17, 1961) was an American lawyer and politician. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1933 to 1938.
He was the son of John Bray and Hannah Bray. He graduated from Union College in 1911, and from Albany Law School in 1914. He commenced practice in Utica, New York.
In 1924, he became Chairman of the Oneida County Democratic Committee, and was Chairman of the New York State Democratic Committee from 1928 to 1930. He was a delegate to the 1928, 1932, 1940 and 1948 Democratic National Conventions.
In 1932, Governor Franklin D. Roosevelt, former Governor Al Smith and Party State Chairman James A. Farley forced the nomination of Herbert H. Lehman for governor, over the opposition of Tammany Hall and its allies. As a peace offering, Farley permitted Tammany to choose the candidate for lieutenant governor, and Bray was nominated. Lehman and Bray were renominated and reelected in 1934 and in 1936. In 1938, Bray was dumped from the ticket in favor of Lehman's counsel Charles Poletti.
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Mario Cuomo
Mario Matthew Cuomo (/ˈkwoʊmoʊ/; born June 15, 1932) served as the 52nd Governor of New York from 1983 to 1994, and is the father of Andrew Cuomo, the current governor of New York.
He was born in the New York City borough of Queens to a family of Italian-American origin. His father, Andrea Cuomo, was from Nocera Superiore, Italy, and his mother Immacolata was from Tramonti. The family owned a store in South Jamaica, Queens in New York City. Cuomo attended P.S. 50 and later earned his bachelor's degree in 1953 and law degree in 1956 from St. John's University, graduating first in his class. When he and the salutatorian (the late St. John's Law Dean Patrick Rohan) were summoned to the dean's office (Reverend Joseph T. Tinnelly) at the end of the year, he was asked what field he plans on going into after graduation.[citation needed] Cuomo responded that he would like to be a trial lawyer. Consequently, he was sent to clerk for the Honorable Judge Adrian P. Burke of the New York Court of Appeals. Additionally, he was signed and played baseball in the Pittsburgh Pirates minor league system until he was injured when a ball hit his head, and subsequently became a scout for the team.
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Martin Van Buren
Martin Van Buren (Dutch: Maarten van Buren; December 5, 1782 – July 24, 1862) was the eighth President of the United States (1837–1841). Before his presidency, he was the eighth Vice President (1833–1837) and the tenth Secretary of State, under Andrew Jackson (1829–1831).
Van Buren was a key organizer of the Democratic Party, a dominant figure in the Second Party System, and the first president not of British or Irish descent—his family was Dutch. He was the first president to be born an American citizen, his predecessors having been born British subjects before the American Revolution. He is also the only president not to have spoken English as his first language, having grown up speaking Dutch, and the first president from New York.
As Andrew Jackson's Secretary of State and then Vice President, Van Buren was a key figure in building the organizational structure for Jacksonian democracy, particularly in New York State. As president, he did not want the United States to annex Texas, an act which John Tyler would achieve eight years after Van Buren's initial rejection. Between the bloodless Aroostook War and the Caroline Affair, relations with Britain and its colonies in Canada also proved to be strained.
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Mary Anne Krupsak
Mary Anne Krupsak (b. March 26, 1932 Schenectady, New York) is an American lawyer and politician from New York. She was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1975 to 1978.
She is the daughter of Ambrose M. Krupczak and Mamie (Wytrwal) Krupczak. She grew up in Amsterdam, New York where her parents operated a pharmacy and her father served as a Democratic member of the Board of Supervisors of Montgomery County, New York, representing the City of Amsterdam's Fourth Ward.
Krupsak served two terms in the New York State Assembly and one term in the New York State Senate before running for Lieutenant Governor of New York in 1974.
Elected with Hugh Carey, Krupsak became upset with how Carey treated her in office and felt she was not given enough to do. After committing to run for a second term with Carey in 1978, Krupsak decided to withdraw from the ticket and instead challenge Carey for the Democratic nomination for governor. She lost the primary to Carey and after running unsuccessfully for Congress, retired from politics.
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Matthew Linn Bruce
Matthew Linn Bruce (October 1, 1860, Mercersburg, Franklin County, Pennsylvania – February 26, 1936, Albany, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
He was the son of Dr. James Bruce and Mary (Linn) Bruce (ca. 1830-1907). He was educated at Andes Academy, and graduated A.B. from Rutgers College as valedictorian of the class of 1884. Then he studied law in the office of Cassius M. Shaw at Andes, N.Y., and was admitted to the bar in 1889.
In 1890 removed to New York City where he resided in the Twenty-first Assembly District. He was managing clerk in the office of Hector M. Hitchings until 1892, and then opened his own law office. In 1894, he married Lillian (Ballantine) Knapp, and they had four children.
In 1903, he was President of the New York County Republican Committee, and conducted the unsuccessful campaign of Mayor Seth Low for re-election.
He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1905 to 1906, elected in 1904, but defeated for re-election in November 1906 although his running mate Charles Evans Hughes was elected Governor. All other Republican candidates were defeated by the nominees of the Democratic/Independence League fusion ticket. On December 5, 1906, he resigned and was appointed by Governor Frank W. Higgins a justice of the New York Supreme Court to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Justice Morgan J. O'Brien, and remained on the bench until the end of 1907. In 1908, he resumed the practice of law, but on October 13 of the same year he was reappointed to the Supreme Court by Gov. Hughes to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Justice David Leventritt, and remained on the bench until the end of the year. In November 1908, he ran for the Supreme Court on the Republican ticket to succeed himself, but was defeated by the Democratic candidate Irving Lehman.
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Michael Dukakis
Michael Stanley Dukakis (/dʉˈkɑːkɨs/; born November 3, 1933) served as the 65th and 67th Governor of Massachusetts from 1975–1979 and from 1983–1991, and was the Democratic presidential nominee in 1988. He was born to Greek immigrants in Brookline, Massachusetts, also the birthplace of John F. Kennedy, and was the longest serving governor in Massachusetts history. He was the second Greek American governor in U.S. history after Spiro Agnew.
Dukakis's father Panos (1896–1979) was a Greek from Adramytio, in Asia Minor, who settled in Lowell, Massachusetts in 1912, and graduated from Harvard Medical School twelve years later, subsequently working as an obstetrician. His mother Euterpe (née Boukis) (1903–2003) was a Greek immigrant from Larissa of Vlach-Aromanian descent; she and her family emigrated to Haverhill, Massachusetts, in 1913. She was a graduate of Bates College.
Dukakis attended Brookline High School in his hometown. He graduated from Swarthmore College in 1955, served in the U.S. Army 1955–1957, stationed in Korea, and then received his law degree from Harvard Law School in 1960. Dukakis is also an Eagle Scout and recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award from the Boy Scouts of America.
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Michael F. Walsh
Michael F. Walsh (February 24, 1894, Brooklyn, Kings County, New York - July 22, 1956, Brooklyn, New York City) was an American lawyer and politician.
He served in the U.S. Navy during World War I. He was United States Attorney for the Eastern District of New York from 1938 to 1939. He was Secretary of State of New York from 1939 to 1943. He was a Justice of the New York State Supreme Court from 1943 to 1954.
He died at his home at 1193, East Nineteenth Street in Brooklyn.
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Mike Tompkins
Mike Tompkins (born November 29, 1948) is a U.S. politician who was the Natural Law Party vice presidential candidate during the 1992 and 1996 presidential elections.
Born in Boston, Massachusetts, he graduated from Harvard University in 1970 and completed his post-graduate studies at Maharishi European Research University (MERU) in Seelisberg, Switzerland in 1984, where he received a doctorate in the Science of Creative Intelligence. He became an associate director of the Institute of Science, Technology and Public Policy, a nonprofit organization affiliated with the Maharishi Mahesh Yogi that defines itself as a "progressive policy think tank."
In 1992, Tompkins joined John Hagelin as the first national candidates for the Natural Law Party. Hagelin, a quantum physicist, was the director of the Institute of Science, Technology and Public Policy and director of the physics department at the Maharishi University of Management in Fairfield, Iowa. Hagelin and Tompkins received ballot placement in 32 states and their campaign qualifed for federal matching funds.
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Mitchell May
Mitchell May (July 10, 1870 Brooklyn, Kings County, New York - March 24, 1961 Brooklyn, New York City) was an American lawyer and politician.
He attended the public schools and Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. He graduated from Columbia University Law School in 1892, was admitted to the bar in 1893, and commenced practice in Brooklyn.
May was elected as a Democrat to the 56th United States Congress, and served from March 4, 1899, to March 3, 1901. From 1906 to 1910, he was a member of the New York City Board of Education. He was an Assistant District Attorney of Kings County from 1910 to 1911.
He was Secretary of State of New York from 1913 to 1914, elected in 1912, but defeated for re-election in 1914. He was county judge of Kings County from 1916 to 1921, and was a justice of the New York State Supreme Court from 1922 to 1940, when he retired after reaching the constitutional age limit. Afterwards he resumed the practice of law.
He was buried at Valhalla Cemetery, Staten Island.
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Nancy Lord
Nancy Lord was the vice-presidential candidate of the United States Libertarian Party in the U.S. presidential election, 1992, as the running-mate of Andre Marrou. Marrou and Lord placed fourth in the popular vote with 290,087 votes (0.28%).
Lord completed undergraduate and medical degrees at the University of Maryland. She earned her law degree from Georgetown University. Until 1983, Lord was employed by Abbott Laboratories, where she authored the successful new drug application for benzodiazepine hypnotic ("ProSom"). After leaving Abbott, Lord worked as an independent consultant in the areas of pharmaceutical development, medical malpractice, and toxicology.
Lord has served on the boards of directors for NORML and for the Fully Informed Jury Association and wrote the introduction to the original edition of You and the Police by Boston T. Party.
She lives in Pahrump, Nevada and practices before state and federal courts.
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Nathaniel S. Benton
Nathaniel Soley Benton (February 19, 1792 – June 29, 1869) was an American politician from New York.
He was born in Westmoreland, New Hampshire but, at the age of four, his family moved to Fryeburg, Maine, where he attended Fryeburg Academy and studied under Daniel Webster. He was engaged in teaching during the winter of 1812, but, filled with a sense of patriotism by the War of 1812, he enlisted in the 34th Regiment of the United States Army. He rose rapidly to the rank of adjutant general, and also served as Judge-Advocate at two courts-martial in 1814 at Plattsburgh, New York.
After the war, he studied law at his uncle's law office in Orford, New Hampshire, and in early 1816 moved to Little Falls, New York, where he continued his studies with George H. Feeter. In 1817, he was made Justice of the Peace, and was admitted to the bar in 1819. About 1820, having a desire to see something of the west, he made a tour of Pennsylvania, Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, and Ohio.
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Nelson Rockefeller
Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller (July 8, 1908 – January 26, 1979) was an American businessman, philanthropist, public servant, and politician. He served as the 41st Vice President of the United States (1974–1977), serving under President Gerald Ford, and the 49th Governor of New York (1959–1973). He also served the Franklin Roosevelt, Harry Truman and Dwight Eisenhower administrations in a variety of positions. A member of the Rockefeller family, he was also a noted art collector.
Rockefeller, a Republican, was politically moderate. In his time, moderates in the Republican party were called "Rockefeller Republicans". As Governor of New York from 1959 to 1973 his achievements included the expansion of the State University of New York, efforts to protect the environment, the building of the Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza in Albany, increased facilities and personnel for medical care, and creation of the New York State Council on the Arts. After unsuccessfully seeking the Republican presidential nomination in 1960, 1964, and 1968, he served as Vice President (under the 25th Amendment) from 1974 to 1977 under President Gerald R. Ford. Ford ascended to the presidency following the August 1974 resignation of Richard Nixon, over the Watergate Scandal, and Ford selected Rockefeller as his own replacement. But Rockefeller did not join the 1976 Republican national ticket with President Ford, marking his retirement from politics.
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New York Sun
The New York Sun was a weekday daily newspaper published in New York City from 2002 to 2008. When it debuted on April 16, 2002, adopting the name, motto, and masthead of an otherwise unrelated earlier New York paper, The Sun (1833-1950), it became the first general-interest broadsheet newspaper to be started in New York in several decades.
The Sun was founded by a group of investors including publishing magnate Conrad Black, with the intent of providing an alternative to The New York Times, featuring front page news pertaining to local and state events, in contrast to the Times' emphasis on national and international news. It began business operations, prior to first publication, in October 2001.
The newspaper's president and editor-in-chief was Seth Lipsky, former editor of The Forward. Its managing editor was Ira Stoll, who also served as a company vice-president. The paper's motto, displayed on its masthead and website, was "It Shines For All", also the name of a blog that was part of the Sun's online presence. Stoll had been a longtime critic of the Times in his media watchdog blog smartertimes.com. When smartertimes.com became defunct, its Web traffic was redirected to the Sun website.
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Norman E. Mack
Norman Edward Mack (July 24, 1858 - December 26, 1932) was editor and publisher of the Buffalo Daily Times. He was also chairman of the Democratic National Committee from 1908 through 1912.
He was born July 24, 1855, in West Williams, Ontario. He was editor and publisher of the Buffalo Daily Times. He sold his paper in 1929 to Scripps-Howard for $6,000,000.
He retired in 1931 and died on December 26, 1932 in Buffalo, New York.
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Pat Paulsen
Patrick Layton "Pat" Paulsen (July 6, 1927 – April 24, 1997) was an American comedian and satirist notable for his roles on several of the Smothers Brothers TV shows, and for his campaigns for President of the United States in 1968, 1972, 1980, 1988, 1992, and 1996, which had primarily comedic rather than political objectives, although his campaigns generated some protest votes for him.
Paulsen was born in South Bend, Washington, a small fishing town in Pacific County. He was the son of Beulah Inez (née Fadden) and Norman Inge Paulsen, a Norwegian immigrant who worked for the Coast Guard. When he was 10, the family moved to California.
After graduating from Tamalpais High School, in Mill Valley, Paulsen immediately joined the United States Marines during World War II. Paulsen returned home after the war and worked several jobs, including working as a posting clerk, truck driver, hod carrier, selling Fuller brushes, toiling in a gypsum mine. Later, he was employed as a photostat operator for several years. After attending San Francisco City College, Paulsen joined an acting group called "The Ric-y-tic Players" and formed a comedy trio which included his brother Lorin.
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Paul Krugman
Paul Robin Krugman ( /ˈkruːɡmən/; born February 28, 1953) is an American economist, Professor of Economics and International Affairs at the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs at Princeton University, Centenary Professor at the London School of Economics, and an op-ed columnist for The New York Times. In 2008, Krugman won the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences (informally the Nobel Prize in Economics) for his contributions to New Trade Theory and New Economic Geography. According to the Nobel Prize Committee, the prize was given for Krugman's work explaining the patterns of international trade and the geographic concentration of wealth, by examining the impact of economies of scale and of consumer preferences for diverse goods and services.
Krugman is known in academia for his work on international economics (including trade theory, economic geography, and international finance),liquidity traps and currency crises. He is the 17th most widely cited economist in the world today and is ranked among the most influential academic thinkers in the US.
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Paul Tsongas
Paul Efthemios Tsongas ( /ˈsɒŋɡəs/; Greek: Παύλος Ευθύμιος Τσόνγκας; February 14, 1941 – January 18, 1997) was a United States Senator from Massachusetts from 1979 to 1985. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the Democratic nomination in the 1992 presidential election. He previously served as a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts's 5th congressional district (1975–1979) and held local political office.
Tsongas was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, along with a twin sister, Thaleia, to a working-class family. His mother, Katina (née Pappas; originally Panagiotopoulos), was of Greek descent, and his father, Efthemios George Tsongas, was a Greek immigrant who worked as a dry-cleaner. He attended Dartmouth College, graduating in 1962, Yale Law School and the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard before settling in Lowell, Massachusetts.
He served as a Peace Corps volunteer in Ethiopia from 1962–1964, and as Peace Corps Country Director in the West Indies from 1967–1968.
In 1967 Paul Tsongas, then an aide to Congressman Frank B. Morse, met Niki Sauvage, then spending the summer in Arlington, Virginia. In 1969, she married Paul and they had three daughters: Ashley, Katina, and Molly.
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People Magazine
People (originally called People Weekly) is a weekly American magazine of celebrity and human-interest stories, published by Time Inc. As of 2006, it has a circulation of 3.75 million and revenue expected to top $1.5 billion. It was named "Magazine of the Year" by Advertising Age in October 2005, for excellence in editorial, circulation and advertising.People ranked #6 on Advertising Age's annual "A-list" and #3 on Adweek's "Brand Blazers" list in October 2006.
The magazine runs a roughly 50/50 mix of celebrity and human-interest articles. People's editors claim to refrain from printing pure celebrity gossip, enough so to lead celebrity publicists to propose exclusives to the magazine, evidence of what one staffer calls a "publicist-friendly strategy".
People's website, People.com, focuses exclusively on celebrity news. In February 2007, the website drew 39.6 million page views "within a day" of the Golden Globes. However "the mother ship of Oscar coverage" broke a site record with 51.7 million page views on the day after the Oscars, beating the previous record set just a month before from the Golden Globes.[not in citation given]
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Peter Buell Porter
Peter Buell Porter (August 14, 1773 – March 20, 1844) was an American lawyer, soldier and politician who served as United States Secretary of War from 1828 to 1829.
He graduated from Yale College in 1791, studied law in Litchfield, Connecticut, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practice in Canandaigua, New York in 1793. He served as clerk of Ontario County from 1797 to 1804 and was a member of the New York State Assembly in 1802 and again in 1828.
In the fall of 1809, Porter moved to Black Rock, New York and was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Eleventh and Twelfth United States Congresses, serving from March 4, 1809 to March 3, 1813, but declined renomination. During his service in Congress, he was a leading figure among Congressional "war hawks" and Chairman of the Committee that recommended preparation for war with Great Britain. At the same time, from 1810 to 1816, he was a member of the Erie Canal Commission, a commission on inland navigation established in 1810 by the New York state Legislature to survey a canal route from the Hudson River to the Great Lakes.
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Peter R. Livingston
Peter Robert Livingston (October 3, 1766 – January 19, 1847 Rhinebeck, New York) was an American politician who served as Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York from February to October 1828.
He was the son of Robert James Livingston (1725–1771) and Susanna (Smith) Livingston (1729–1791, daughter of Chief Justice William Smith). He married Joanna Livingston (1759–1827; sister of Chancellor Robert R. Livingston and Edward Livingston).
He was a member of the New York State Senate (Southern D.) from 1815 to 1822, sitting in the 39th, 40th, 41st, 42nd, 43rd, 44th and 45th New York State Legislatures. In 1823, he was a member of the New York State Assembly (Dutchess Co.), and was elected Speaker. From 1826 to 1829, he was again a member of the State Senate (2nd D.), sitting in the 49th, 50th, 51st and 52nd New York State Legislatures. In 1828, when Lieutenant Governor Nathaniel Pitcher succeeded to the governorship after the death of Gov. DeWitt Clinton, Livingston was elected President pro tempore of the State Senate and became Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York.
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Peter Vallone, Sr.
Peter F. Vallone, Sr. (born December 13, 1934 in New York City) is an American politician.
His father, Judge Charles J. Vallone (1901–1967) of the Queens County Civil Court, encouraged young Peter to broaden his horizons beyond the limited social interactions with other ethnic and religious groups than were encouraged in the pre-Vatican II era. His mother, Leah Vallone, was a teacher and a Democratic State Committeewoman. His wife, Tena, and he have three children (Peter Vallone Jr., Paul and Perry). They also have 8 grandchildren.[1]
Peter Vallone attended Fordham University, where he received his BSS (1956) and his LLB (1959).
A former Democratic New York City Councilman who represented Astoria, Queens from 1974 to 2001, he was the second most powerful official in New York City's government, after the mayor, when he became the city's first Speaker of the City Council in 1986.[2] He held that position until Gifford Miller took over in 2002.
Vallone drafted changes to the City Charter in 1989 that he claimed allowed the NYC Council greater say in the matters of the budget.
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Philetus Swift
Philetus Swift (June 26, 1763 Kent, Litchfield County, Connecticut – July 24, 1828 Phelps, Ontario County, New York) was an American politician.
He was the son of Elisha Swift (b. 1731) and Mary Ransom (b. 1738). One of Swift's older brothers was future Brigadier General John Swift. On April 4, 1786, he married his first wife Electra Goodrich in Sharon, Connecticut. On May 22, 1793, he married his second wife Sally Deane (1774–1820?) in Phelps, N.Y., and their son was Deane Swift (1794–1818). On November 26, 1823, he married his third wife Fanny (or Fauna, Fawnia, Faunia) Cole (ca. 1792–1880), and their daughter was Electra Jane Swift (1825-1904).
He was a member of the New York State Assembly from Genesee, Ontario and Allegany Counties in 1807 and 1808, and from Ontario County in 1823.
He fought in the War of 1812, and became a lieutenant colonel.
He was a member from the Western District of the New York State Senate from 1810 to 1815 and from 1816 to 1818. In February 1817, when John Tayler became Acting Governor of New York after the resignation of Daniel D. Tompkins, Swift was elected President pro tempore of the State Senate. He was Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York until July 1, 1817.
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Pierre Van Cortlandt
Pierre Van Cortlandt (January 10, 1721 – May 1, 1814) was the first Lieutenant Governor of the State of New York.
He was born in New York, the son of Philip Van Cortlandt (1683 -1748) (a son of New York Mayor Stephanus Van Cortlandt) and Catherine DePeyster (a granddaughter of Johannes De Peyster— an ancestor of Abraham DePeyster and Arent Schuyler DePeyster). A great uncle Jacobus Van Cortlandt was mayor of New York City.
Van Cortlandt served briefly in the colonial forces during the American Revolution in spite of efforts by British officials to ensure his loyalty to Great Britain.
Van Cortlandt was Vice President of the 4th New York Provincial Congress which convened as the New York State Constitutional Convention from 1776 to 1777. He lost the election as Lieutenant Governor of New York to George Clinton who was elected both Governor and Lt. Gov. in June 1777, but formally resigned the office of Lt. Gov. when he took office as Governor. Van Cortlandt was elected to the New York State Senate in 1777 and was elected Temporary President of the State Senate, and thus was Acting Lt. Governor. In 1778, Van Cortlandt was elected Lt. Gov. to fill the vacancy, and took office on June 30, 1778. He was re-elected five times, remaining in office until 1795.
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Reuben Fenton
Reuben Eaton Fenton (July 4, 1819 – August 25, 1885) was an American merchant and politician from New York.
The son of a farmer, Fenton was elected a colonel of the New York State Militia in 1840. He became a lumber merchant, and entered politics as a Democrat. He was Supervisor of the Town of Carroll from 1843 to 1850.
He was elected as a Democrat to the 33rd United States Congress, and served from March 4, 1853, to March 4, 1855. In his first term in Congress, Fenton strongly opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 and unsuccessfully tried to persuade President Franklin Pierce and U.S. Secretary of State William L. Marcy to oppose the bill. He was defeated for re-election that year. He was again elected, albeit as a Republican, to the 35th, 36th, 37th and 38th United States Congresses, and served from 1857 to 1865.
He was Governor of New York from 1865 to 1868, elected in 1864 and 1866. In 1868, he was among the candidates to be Vice President but the nomination went eventually to Schuyler Colfax. In January 1869, he was elected a U.S. Senator from New York and served from 1869 to 1875. In 1872 he was among the Republicans opposed to President Ulysses S. Grant who joined the short-lived Liberal Republican Party.
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Richard H. Balch
Richard Horrocks Balch (March 2, 1901 - March 15, 1984) was an upstate New York businessman and political figure.
He was born on March 2, 1901 in Brooklyn, New York and graduated from Utica Free Academy in 1917. He was a 1921 graduate of Williams College, and a member of the Phi Delta Theta fraternity.
From 1927 to 1942 Balch was Vice President of the Horrocks-Ibbotson Company, the world's largest fishing tackle manufacturer, and he was President of the company from 1942 until his 1968 retirement.
He was a civic activist, serving on Utica's Board of Education, Water Resources Board, Red Cross, and Chamber of Commerce, and was a founder of Utica College. Balch was also a leader of the Oneida County group that carried out a successful effort in the 1940s and 1950s to attract new industry to the area to replace textiles mills that had relocated to the southern states.
Balch was active in the Democratic party, attending several conventions as an alternate or delegate, including the national conventions of 1940 (alternate), 1944, 1948, 1952 and 1964. In 1943 he was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee for Mayor of Utica, and in 1944 he was elected Chairman of the city's Democratic committee.
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Richard Ravitch
Richard Ravitch (born July 7, 1933) is an American politician and businessman who served as the 75th Lieutenant Governor of New York from 2009 to 2010. He was appointed to the position in July 2009 by New York Governor David Paterson. A native of New York City, he earned a law degree from Yale Law School and has worked in his family's real estate development business, a number of government and government-appointed positions, including with the New York State Urban Development Corporation and Metropolitan Transportation Authority, and in private industry, including tenures as chairman of the Bowery Savings Bank and as the chief owner representative in labor negotiations for Major League Baseball.
Richard Ravitch (no middle name) was born July 7, 1933 in New York City, the son of Saul (d. 1952) and Sylvia (née Lerner, d. 1974) Ravitch. His father was a co-founder of HRH Construction Corporation, which eventually grew to have offices in New York, Los Angeles, Washington, DC, and Puerto Rico. The firm had begun building in Manhattan in the late nineteenth century, and by 1965 had built more than $1 billion worth of projects, including Columbia University Law School and New York University Hospital. Ravitch is a member of the third generation of the family to run the company.
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Richard Sennett
Richard Sennett (born Chicago, 1 January 1943) is the Centennial Professor of Sociology at the London School of Economics and University Professor of the Humanities at New York University. Sennett is probably best known for his studies of social ties in cities, and the effects of urban living on individuals in the modern world.
He has been a Fellow of The Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and of the Royal Society of Literature. He is the founding director of the New York Institute for the Humanities. In 2006 Sennett was the winner of the Hegel Prize awarded by the German city of Stuttgart, and in 2008 was awarded the Gerda Henkel Prize, worth 100,000 Euros, by the Gerda Henkel Foundation of Düsseldorf, Germany.
He is married to sociologist Saskia Sassen.
Richard Sennett grew up in the Cabrini Green housing project in Chicago, coming from a family of Russian emigres. As a child he trained in music, studying the cello and conducting, working with Claus Adam of the Juilliard String Quartet and the conductor Pierre Monteux. When a hand injury put an end to his musical career, he entered academic life. He trained with David Riesman, Erik Erikson, and Oscar Handlin at Harvard, graduating with his Ph.D. in the History of American Civilization in 1969. His intellectual life as an urbanist came into focus during the time he spent as a fellow of the Joint Center for Urban Studies of Harvard and MIT.
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Robert F. Wagner
Robert Ferdinand Wagner I (June 8, 1877 – May 4, 1953) was an American politician. He was a Democratic U.S. Senator from New York from 1927 to 1949.
He was born in Nastätten, then in the Province Hesse-Nassau, Kingdom of Prussia, German Empire (now in Rhein-Lahn-Kreis, Rhineland-Palatinate, Federal Republic of Germany) and immigrated with his parents to the United States in 1885. His family settled in New York City's Yorkville neighborhood, and Wagner attended the public schools. He graduated from the College of the City of New York (now named City College) in 1898 where he was a brother of Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity and from New York Law School in 1900. He was admitted to the bar in 1900.
He was a member of the New York State Assembly from 1905 to 1908, and of the New York State Senate from 1909 to 1918. He was President pro tempore of the New York State Senate from 1911 to 1914, and became Acting Lieutenant Governor of New York after the impeachment of Governor William Sulzer, and the succession of Lt. Gov. Martin H. Glynn to the governorship. In 1914, while Wagner remained President pro tem, John F. Murtaugh was chosen Majority Leader of the State Senate, the only time before 2009 that the two offices were not held by the same person. After the Democrats lost their Senate majority, Wagner was Senate minority leader from January 1915 until he retired in 1918.
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Robert L. Tillotson
Robert Livingston Tillotson (1786 - July 22, 1878 Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.
He was the son of Thomas Tillotson and Margaret Livingston Tillotson.
He was Secretary of State of New York from 1816 to 1817.
He was U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York from 1819 to 1828. During his tenure, the Norwegian sloop Restoration was seized by the port authorities upon its arrival at New York, and he filed the papers in the US District Court. The owners, Norwegian immigrants, got the ship released by a pardon signed by President John Quincy Adams.
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Robert M. Morgenthau
Robert Morris Morgenthau ( /ˈmɔrɡənθɔː/ MORG-ən-thaw; born July 31, 1919) is an American lawyer. From 1975 until his retirement in 2009, he was the District Attorney for New York County, the borough of Manhattan.
Robert Morris Morgenthau was born in 1919 in New York City into a prominent Ashkenazi Jewish family that had emigrated from Baden in 1866. He is the son of long-time Secretary of the Treasury Henry Morgenthau, Jr. His grandfather Henry Morgenthau, Sr. was United States Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Before going into diplomatic service, Henry Morgenthau, Sr. had made a fortune in real estate and then became a strong financial backer of President Woodrow Wilson. His grandmother was born in Montgomery, Alabama. From his earliest days, Robert Morris Morgenthau was well-connected politically. The Morgenthau family home was near Franklin Delano Roosevelt's Springwood Estate at Hyde Park, New York, and he grew up knowing Roosevelt.
After graduating from the New Lincoln School, Deerfield Academy, and Amherst College, he enlisted in the United States Navy, serving for four and a half years, during World War II. He attained the final rank of Lieutenant Commander and served as the executive officer of both the USS Lansdale and the USS Harry F. Bauer. He saw action in both the Mediterranean and Pacific theaters, mostly aboard destroyers. Morgenthau graduated from Yale Law School in 1948 and joined the New York law firm of Patterson, Belknap & Webb, becoming a partner in 1954.
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Robert Moses
Robert Moses (December 18, 1888 – July 29, 1981) was the "master builder" of mid-20th century New York City, Long Island, Rockland County, and Westchester County, New York. As the shaper of a modern city, he is sometimes compared to Baron Haussmann of Second Empire Paris, and is one of the most polarizing figures in the history of urban planning in the United States. He changed shorelines, built bridges, tunnels and roadways, and transformed neighborhoods forever. His decisions favoring highways over public transit helped create the modern suburbs of Long Island and influenced a generation of engineers, architects, and urban planners who spread his philosophies across the nation.
Never elected to public office, Moses was responsible for the creation and leadership of numerous public authorities which he could control without having to answer to the general public or to elected officials. It is due to Moses that there are a disproportionate number of public benefit corporations in New York state, which are the prime mode of infrastructure building and maintenance in New York, and are currently responsible for 90% of the state's debt. As head of various authorities, he controlled millions in income from his projects' revenue generation, such as tolls, and he had the power to issue bonds to borrow vast sums, allowing him to initiate new ventures with little or no approval from legislative bodies, bypassing the usual power of the purse as it normally functioned in the United States, and the cumbersome process of citizen comment on major public works.
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Ross Perot
Henry Ross Perot (/pəˈroʊ/; born June 27, 1930) is a U.S. businessman best known for running for President of the United States in 1992 and 1996. Perot founded Electronic Data Systems (EDS) in 1962, sold the company to General Motors in 1984, and founded Perot Systems in 1988. Perot Systems was bought by Dell for $3.9 billion in 2009.
With an estimated net worth of about US$3.4 billion in 2011, he is ranked by Forbes as the 99th-richest person in the United States.
Perot was born in Texarkana, Texas, to Lula May Perot (née Ray) and Gabriel Ross Perot. His father was a cotton broker. He attended a private school called Patty Hill. He graduated from Texas High School in Texarkana in 1947. One of Perot's boyhood friends was Hayes McClerkin, later Speaker of the Arkansas House of Representatives and a prominent Texarkana, Arkansas, lawyer.
Perot joined the Boy Scouts of America and made Eagle Scout in 1942, after only thirteen months in the program. He is a recipient of the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.
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Roswell P. Flower
Roswell Pettibone Flower (August 7, 1835 – May 12, 1899) was Governor of New York from 1892 to 1894.
He was a son of Nathan Monroe Flower and Mary Ann Flower, the sixth of nine children.
In 1853, he became Deputy Postmaster of Watertown, New York, at a salary of $600 a year, and after six years had saved $1,000 and opened with a partner a jewelry store. Two years later, he bought his partner out, and continued in this business until 1869.
In 1869, Henry Keep, a former President of the New York Central Railroad, was dying and asked Roswell Flower, whose wife was a sister of Keep's wife Emma, to manage the $4,000,000 estate for his widow. Flower asked Keep for guidance on who he could trust, and named a business associate, Daniel Drew. Keep replied, "He is as honest a man as there is in the State of New York, but for fear that somebody else will cheat, he will always begin first." The business brought Flower to New York City where he became known as a shrewd financial administrator, and opened the banking house of R. P. Flower & Co.
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Samuel J. Tilden
Samuel Jones Tilden (February 9, 1814 – August 4, 1886) was the Democratic candidate for the U.S. presidency in the disputed election of 1876, one of the most controversial American elections of the 19th century. He was the 25th Governor of New York. A political reformer, he was a Bourbon Democrat who worked closely with the New York City business community, led the fight against the corruption of Tammany Hall, and fought to keep taxes low. Tilden was the first candidate for the Presidency of the United States not to be elected despite receiving an absolute majority of the votes.
Tilden was born in New Lebanon in New York State. He was descended from Nathaniel Tilden, an early English settler who came to America in 1634. He studied law at Yale, then transferred to New York University where he graduated in 1837. He was admitted to the bar in 1841, becoming a skilled corporate lawyer, with many railroad companies as clients in the shaky railroad boom decade of the 1850s. His legal practice, combined with shrewd investments, made him rich.
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Samuel LeFrak
Samuel J. LeFrak (February 12, 1918 – April 16, 2003) was a noted landlord who chaired a private building firm, the LeFrak Organization. The LeFrak Organization was also ranked 45th on the Forbes list of top 500 private companies. The development firm is best known for major development projects in Battery Park City, LeFrak City in Queens, and Newport, Jersey City. It was founded in 1883 in France, by Samuel J. LeFrak's grandfather, Maurice.
LeFrak grew up in Brooklyn, New York, and attended Erasmus Hall High School. He graduated from the University of Maryland, College Park, in 1940, with the University's LeFrak Hall named for him. In 1988, LeFrak was honored by the United Nations, along with former President Jimmy Carter, for global contributions through Habitat International. After his death, his son, Richard LeFrak, became CEO of the LeFrak Organization.
In 1941, LeFrak married Ethel Stone. They had four children:
LeFrak died at the age of 85 on April 16, 2003. Funeral services were held at Congregation Emanu-El in New York City.
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Samuel S. Koenig
Samuel S. Koenig (September 7, 1872 Kingdom of Hungary - March 1955 Manhattan, New York City) was an American lawyer and politician.
He came to the United States as a small boy with his parents, and they settled in New York City. He attended the public schools until the age of 13, then went to work as a clerk. While working by day, he studied law in the evening, and graduated from New York University Law School in 1896.
In 1891, he entered Republican politics as a campaigner for Jacob Sloat Fassett who was defeated in his run for governor. From then on he was continuously involved in ward politics, eventually becoming the Leader in the Sixth Ward, and managed to get Republican Gustave Hartman elected to the New York State Assembly in 1903 and 1905 in a heavily Democratic district.
He was Secretary of State of New York from 1909 to 1910, elected in 1908 but defeated for re-election in 1910.
He was a delegate to the 1908, 1912, 1916, 1924, 1928, 1932, 1936, 1940, 1944, 1948 and 1952 Republican National Conventions. From 1915 to 1933, he was Chairman of the New York County Republican Committee. In 1930, he was a member of the New York State Republican Committee. He was a delegate to the New York State convention to ratify the 21st Amendment in 1933.
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Sanford E. Church
Sanford Elias Church (April 18, 1815, Milford, Otsego County, New York – May 13, 1880 Albion, Orleans County, New York) was an American lawyer and Democratic politician. He served as chief judge of the New York Court of Appeals for a decade.
His parents, of English and Scotch descent, removed from Otsego to Monroe County, New York when he was still a child, and his education was obtained entirely in the common schools of that county and at the Monroe Academy. From 1835 on he resided in Albion, N.Y., with the exception of a brief residence in Rochester, New York.
He studied law with Benjamin L. Bessac, who subsequently was his law partner until 1843. Then he associated himself with Noah Davis. This firm continued for a period of thirteen years. On its dissolution the firm of Church & Sawyer was established at Albion. About 1862, he took Judge Selden's place in the firm of Selden, Munger & Thompson, at Rochester; in 1865 the firm became Church, Munger & Cooke, and so continued until Church's elevation to the bench of the New York Court of Appeals.
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Seymour Lowman
Seymour Lowman (October 7, 1868 Chemung, Chemung County, New York - March 13, 1940) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1925 to 1926.
He was the son of John Lowman (1832–1884) and Fanny (Bixby) Lowman. On September 9, 1893, he married Katherine Harding Smith.
He was admitted to the bar, and practiced at Elmira, New York.
He was a member from Chemung County of the New York State Assembly from 1909 to 1910. He was Chairman of the Chemung County Republican Committee from 1912 to 1934. He was a member of the New York State Senate from the 41st District from 1919 to 1924. He was a delegate to the 1924 and 1932 Republican National Conventions.
He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1925 to 1926, elected in 1924 on the Republican ticket to serve with Democratic Governor Al Smith whose running mate George R. Lunn was defeated. Lowman was the last lieutenant governor of New York who was not the running mate of the elected governor. In 1926, he was defeated for re-election when Al Smith was re-elected with his running mate Edwin Corning.
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Stan Lundine
Stanley Nelson Lundine (born February 4, 1939) is a politician from Jamestown, New York who served as Mayor of Jamestown, a United States Representative, and the 71st Lieutenant Governor of New York. A Democrat, he was inaugurated Mayor in 1970 and served to 1976 when he was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives after the resignation of James F. Hastings in the district representing the Southern Tier of New York State. While he was Mayor Jamestown received national attention as a result of the Labor Management strategy that Lundine implemented. Jamestown, long the center of labor strife, became a model for labor/management co-operation. As a Congressman, Lundine brought his labor/management ideas to Washington, and was instrumental in developing legislation that created labor/management councils and employee stock ownership plans. He focused on finance, banking and economic development policy, and also served on the Science Committee. He was a subcommittee chairman on the House Banking Committee. He graduated from Duke University in 1961 and from the New York University School of Law in 1964. Lundine is the only Democrat to have represented the Western Southern Tier in Congress in the 20th century, and no other Democrats would do so until Democrats Brian Higgins and Eric Massa won both portions of the now-divided district in 2005 and 2009 respectively.
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Stewart L. Woodford
Stewart Lyndon Woodford (September 3, 1835 New York City - February 14, 1913) was an American politician.
He studied at Yale University and Columbia College (now Columbia University). At the latter he graduated in 1854 and was a member of St. Anthony Hall. Then he studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1857, and commenced practice in New York City.
In 1860 he was chosen messenger of the electoral college of his state to convey to Washington its vote in favor of the presidency of Abraham Lincoln. In 1861 he was appointed U. S. assistant district attorney for the southern district of New York, holding this office about eighteen months.
In 1862 he entered the Union army as a volunteer, serving until 1865, during which time he became in succession chief-of-staff to Gen. Quincy A. Gillmore in the Department of the South, and military commandant of Charleston, South Carolina, and Savannah, Georgia. He became colonel of the 103rd Regiment of U.S. Colored Infantry. On January 13, 1866, President Andrew Johnson nominated Woodford for the award of the honorary grade of brevet brigadier general of volunteers, to rank from May 12, 1865 and the U. S. Senate confirmed the award on March 12, 1866.
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Tennie Rogers
Tennie Beatrice Thomas Rogers (August 1, 1927 – January 22, 2009) was a perennial candidate for national office, having run in Republican primaries for United States President three times, and one time for United States Congress. In 1992 she was on more state ballots than any previous female Republican candidate for President. She was also the author of Standing Up: Rogers For U.S. President, an autobiography and chronicle of her first two attempts at the Presidency and her intention for the 2000 election.[1] She is the mother of Evelyn L. Rogers, another candidate. She died on January 22, 2009.
In 2000 she ran for the Republican nomination for Oklahoma's 2nd Congressional District in the U.S. House of Representatives, winning 266 votes, coming in 6th of seven candidates, losing to Andy Ewing. Ewing lost to Brad Carson in the general election.
In 2002 she ran for the Republican nomination for Oklahoma's 4th Congressional District (map) winning 648 votes, coming in 4th of six candidates, losing to Tom Cole who won with 21,789 votes and then went on to win the general election.
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Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore "Teddy" Roosevelt (
/ˈroʊzəvɛlt/ ROH-zə-velt; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was the 26th President of the United States of America (1901–1909). He is noted for his exuberant personality, range of interests and achievements, and his leadership of the Progressive Movement, as well as his "cowboy" persona and robust masculinity. He was a leader of the Republican Party and founder of the short-lived Progressive ("Bull Moose") Party of 1912. Before becoming President, he held offices at the city, state, and federal levels. Roosevelt's achievements as a naturalist, explorer, hunter, author, and soldier are as much a part of his fame as any office he held as a politician. Roosevelt was 42 years old when sworn in as President of the United States in 1901, making him the youngest president ever; he beat out the youngest elected president, John F. Kennedy, by only one year. Roosevelt was also one of only three sitting presidents to have won the Nobel Peace Prize, the other two being Woodrow Wilson and Barack Obama.
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Thomas E. Dewey
Thomas Edmund Dewey (March 24, 1902 – March 16, 1971) was the 47th Governor of New York (1943–1954). In 1944 and 1948, he was the Republican candidate for President, but lost both times. He led the liberal faction of the Republican Party, in which he fought conservative Ohio Senator Robert A. Taft. Dewey was an advocate for the professional and business community of the Northeastern United States, which would later be called the "Eastern Establishment". This organization accepted the majority of New Deal social-welfare reforms enacted during the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt. It consisted of internationalists who were in favor of the United Nations and the "Cold War" fight against communism and the Soviet Union. In addition, he played a large part in the election of Dwight D. Eisenhower as President in 1952. Dewey's successor as leader of the liberal Republicans was Nelson Rockefeller, who became governor of New York in 1959. The New York State Thruway is named in Dewey's honor.
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Thomas F. Conway
Thomas Franklin Conway (May 4, 1862 – November 10, 1945) was an American lawyer and politician from New York. He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1911 to 1912.
Born in Chesterfield, Essex County, New York, he was the son of John Conway and Mary (Collins) Conway. He was admitted to the bar in 1885. In 1890, he removed to Plattsburgh, Clinton County, New York.
He was a delegate to the 1896, 1904, 1912, 1916, 1920, 1924, 1928, 1932, 1936, 1940 and 1944 Democratic National Conventions.
In 1898 and 1900, he ran for New York State Attorney General but was defeated twice by Republican John C. Davies.
He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1911 to 1912, elected on the Democratic ticket with Governor John Alden Dix in 1910.
In 1916, he lost the Democratic primary for U.S. Senator from New York to William F. McCombs.
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Thomas G. Alvord
Thomas Gold Alvord (December 20, 1810 Onondaga, Onondaga County, New York - October 26, 1897 Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York) was an American lawyer, merchant and politician. Throughout his political career he was known as "Old Salt".
In 1813, the family removed to Lansingburgh, New York. He graduated from Yale College in 1828. Then he studied law with Thomas A. Tomlinson and George A. Simmons at Keeseville, New York, was admitted to the bar in 1832, and commenced practice at Salina, New York. In 1846, he became a lumber merchant.
He began his political career as a Democrat, joined the Free Soil Party with Samuel J. Tilden in 1848, and was elected to the Assembly term of 1858 as a Democrat. In 1861, after Fort Sumter was fired on, he became a Union Democrat, chaired the Union Convention at Syracuse, was nominated to run for the Assembly, and was endorsed by the Republicans and elected without opposition. For the term of 1864, he was elected as a Republican, and henceforth remained a member of this party.
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Thomas J. Curran
Thomas Jerome Curran (November 28, 1898–July 29, 1958) was a lawyer and politician in New York City.
Curran was born on the Lower East Side of Manhattan and grew up in Greenwich Village, where he lived for the rest of his life. After attending Xavier High School, he entered Fordham College, from which he graduated in 1920 after serving in the United States Army during World War I and then in the New York National Guard. Curran then studied law, graduating from the Fordham University School of Law in 1923.
Curran began his law practice with the New York State Insurance Fund, followed by three years in private practice. In 1928, he became an Assistant United States Attorney in the Southern District of New York. He left federal service in 1931 to run as a Republican for the New York City Board of Aldermen. He was unsuccessful in his first campaign, but was elected an alderman two years later and was chosen Minority Leader in 1934. In 1936, he was elected as Republican leader of his district, and in 1937 was elected as a delegate to the New York State Constitutional Convention of 1938. He became leader of the New York County Republican organization in 1940 and served in that post until his death. He ran unsuccessfully for the United States Senate in 1944, losing the election to incumbent Robert F. Wagner.
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Thomas Tillotson
Thomas Tillotson (1750 Maryland – May 5, 1832 Rhinebeck, Dutchess County, New York) was an American physician and politician.
He received a thorough education, studied medicine, and practiced. During the American Revolutionary War, he was commissioned First lieutenant in the Maryland Militia in 1776. He was appointed by Congress as a physician and surgeon general of the Northern Department of the Continental Army in 1780, and served until the close of the war. Afterward, he settled in New York and engaged in the practice of medicine.
He married Margaret Livingston (1749–1823, sister of Chancellor Robert R. Livingston), and they had four children, among them Robert L. Tillotson.
He was a Federalist member from Dutchess County of the New York State Assembly from 1788 to 1790. He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1791 to 1799. In 1791, he was also a member of the Council of Appointment.
He was elected to the 7th United States Congress, but resigned on August 10, 1801, before Congress met, to become Secretary of State of New York. He remained in this office until March 15, 1806, and again from February 16, 1807, to February 1, 1808.
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Thomas W. Wallace
Thomas W. Wallace (January 24, 1900 – July 17, 1943) was an American lawyer and Republican politician. Running on the ticket with Governor Thomas E. Dewey, he was elected Lieutenant Governor of New York in November 1942, but died less than seven months into his only term.
Wallace was corporation counsel of Schenectady, New York. After serving as district attorney for Schenectady County, he was elected to the New York State Senate. While presiding over the Senate, he ran for the Republican nomination for New York Attorney General in 1942, but was instead nominated for Lieutenant Governor. Defeating incumbent Democrat Charles Poletti, he was positioned to succeed Dewey as Governor if Dewey were to win the presidency in 1944.
Wallace took office on January 1, 1943. In early July 1943, however, he contracted chicken pox from his two children. Two days later he began to suffer from pneumonia, and was placed in an oxygen tent at Ellis Hospital in Schenectady. His condition rapidly deteriorated, and he died the following week. He was buried at the Holy Redeemer Cemetery in Niskayuna, New York.
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Timothy L. Woodruff
Timothy Lester Woodruff (August 4, 1858, New Haven, New Haven County, Connecticut – October 12, 1913) was an American politician.
The son of U.S. Representative John Woodruff, he graduated from Yale University in 1879, where he was a member of Skull and Bones. In 1881, he removed to 25, Eighth Avenue, Brooklyn and entered politics as a Republican, eventually becoming the head of the party's organization in Kings County, New York, and later Chairman of the New York State Republican Committee.
In January 1896, he was appointed Brooklyn Park Commissioner. In 1896, Woodruff petitioned to the New York State Board of Regents to create a "coeducational college" in Brooklyn.
He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1897 to 1902, elected in 1896, 1898 and 1900, the only lieutenant governor to serve under three different governors in New York history: Frank S. Black, Theodore Roosevelt and Benjamin Barker Odell, Jr. As Lieutenant Governor, Woodruff took a leadership role in the Association for the Protection of the Adirondacks (founded in 1901) to help implement Article XIV, Sec 1 of the New York State Constitution, protecting New York’s prized natural land. Commonly known as the “forever wild clause,” the law sought to protect the forest from the devastation of clear cutting and large scale damming projects. The group included wealthy men like J.P. Morgan (1837–1913), who owned many of the private estates or game parks in the Adirondacks which they sought to protect.
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Tom Harkin
Thomas Richard "Tom" Harkin (born November 19, 1939) is the current junior United States Senator from Iowa serving since 1985, and a member of the Democratic Party. He previously served in the United States House of Representatives (1975–1985).
Born in Cumming, Iowa, Harkin graduated from Iowa State University and the The Catholic University of America's Columbus School of Law. He served in the United States Navy as an active-duty jet pilot from 1962 to 1967. After serving as a congressional aide for several years he made two runs for the U.S. House of Representatives, losing in 1972 but winning in 1974. He went on to serve five terms in the House.
Harkin won a race for U.S. Senate in 1984 by a wide margin. He was an early frontrunner for his party's presidential nomination in 1992, but dropped out in support of eventual winner Bill Clinton. Now serving his fifth term, Harkin is chairman of the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions. He is ranked as the most senior junior senator.
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Tom Laughlin
Thomas Robert "Tom" Laughlin (born August 10, 1931) is an American actor, director, screenwriter, author, educator and political activist. Laughlin is best known for his series of Billy Jack films. He has been married to Delores Taylor since 1954. Taylor has also co-produced and acted in all four of the Billy Jack films. His unique promotion of The Trial of Billy Jack was a major influence on the way films are marketed.
In the early 1960s, Laughlin temporarily left his film career behind to start a Montessori preschool in Santa Monica, California; it became the largest school of its kind in the United States.
In recent years he has become increasingly involved in politics, running for President of the United States three times (1992, 2004 and 2008). He also has been involved in psychology and domestic abuse counseling, writing several books on Jungian psychology and developing theories on the causes of cancer.
Laughlin was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota, and grew up in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he attended Washington High School. While in high school, he was involved in an athletic controversy that made headlines throughout the city. The controversy involved Laughlin being forced to attend another school for a brief period, making him ineligible to play football at his previous school upon his return. Laughlin first attended college at the University of Wisconsin and later at Marquette University playing football for both schools. While at Marquette he played both safety and halfback.
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W. Averell Harriman
William Averell Harriman (November 15, 1891 – July 26, 1986) was an American Democratic Party politician, businessman, and diplomat. He was the son of railroad baron E. H. Harriman. He served as Secretary of Commerce under President Harry S. Truman and later as the 48th Governor of New York. He was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1952, and again in 1956 when he was endorsed by President Truman but lost to Adlai Stevenson. Harriman served President Franklin D. Roosevelt as special envoy to Europe and served as the U.S. Ambassador to the Soviet Union and U.S. Ambassador to Britain. He served in numerous U.S. diplomatic assignments in the Kennedy and Johnson administrations.
William Averell Harriman was born in New York City, the son of railroad baron Edward Henry Harriman and Mary Williamson Averell, and brother of E. Roland Harriman. Harriman was a close friend of Hall Roosevelt (brother of Eleanor Roosevelt).
During the summer of 1899, Harriman's father organized the Harriman Alaska Expedition, a philanthropic-scientific survey of coastal Alaska and Russia that attracted twenty-five of the leading scientific, naturalist and artist luminaries of the day, including John Muir, John Burroughs, George Bird Grinnell, C. Hart Merriam, Grove Karl Gilbert, and Edward Curtis, along with 100 family members and staff, aboard the steamship George Elder. Young Harriman would have his first introduction to Russia, a nation that he would spend a significant amount of attention on in his later life in public service.
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Walter A. Lynch
Walter Aloysius Lynch (July 7, 1894 New York City – September 10, 1957 Belle Harbor, Queens) was an American politician from New York.
He graduated from Fordham University in 1915 and Fordham University School of Law in 1918. He served as a magistrate of New York City in 1930.
He was elected Democrat to the 76th United States Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Edward W. Curley, and was re-elected to the 77th, 78th, 79th, 80th and 81st United States Congresses, serving from February 20, 1940, to January 3, 1951.
In 1950, he ran for Governor of New York, but was defeated in a landslide by the incumbent Governor Thomas E. Dewey. He was elected to the New York Supreme Court and served from January 1955 until his death. He is buried at Gate of Heaven Cemetery in Hawthorne, New York.
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Walter J. Mahoney
Walter J. Mahoney (March 10, 1908 Buffalo, New York - March 1, 1982) was an American lawyer and politician.
He graduated from Canisius College in 1930, and received a law degree from the University at Buffalo and was admitted to practice in 1934. He was a reporter for the Buffalo Times.
He attended on October 2, 1932, in a vacant storefront in the old Gerron’s Building in Buffalo, the first meeting of the Association of New York State Young Republican Clubs. The association was incorporated in 1934 and in 1935 Mahoney was elected president, a post he resigned after he was elected to the New York State Senate.
He was a member of the State Senate from 1937 to 1964 (48th D. 1937 to 1944; 53rd D. 1945 to 1954; 55th D. 1955 to 1964). He was a delegate to the 1956, 1960 and 1964 Republican National Conventions. After the resignation of Arthur H. Wicks he became the Majority Leader of the New York State Senate (1954 to 1964) and Acting Lieutenant Governor (1954). In 1964, as a sitting majority leader, he was defeated in his run for re-election by John Doerr.
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Warren M. Anderson
Warren Mattice Anderson (October 16, 1915 – June 1, 2007) was Temporary President and Majority Leader of the New York State Senate. He was a resident of Binghamton, New York.
Anderson, a Republican, served as the Chairman of the Senate Finance Committee from 1966 to 1972. In this capacity he was the unofficial deputy to then Majority Leader Earl Brydges. After Brydges retired, Anderson succeeded him as majority leader. Anderson worked with the Governor of New York Hugh Carey and Assembly Speaker Stanley Steingut to put together a package to rescue New York City from bankruptcy in 1975.
He served in the Senate's top post until 1988, when he re-joined the law firm of Hinman, Howard & Kattell, LLP in Binghamton, New York. In May 2006, Anderson announced his endorsement of former Assembly Minority Leader John Faso for the Republican nomination for governor.
In his role as Temporary President of the Senate, Anderson twice performed the duties of the Lieutenant Governor of New York. The first was from December 1973 to December 1974 after the resignation of Gov. Nelson Rockefeller elevated Lt. Gov. Malcolm Wilson to the governorship. The second was from February 1985 to December 1986 after Lt. Gov. Alfred Delbello resigned.
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William Dorsheimer
William Dorsheimer (February 5, 1832 Lyons, Wayne County, New York – March 26, 1888 Savannah, Chatham County, Georgia) was an American lawyer, journalist and politician.
He was the son of Philip Dorsheimer. He was educated in common schools, then at Phillips Andover Academy, and then studied at Harvard College from 1849 to 1851. He left Harvard without graduating because of a protracted illness, though in 1859 Harvard gave him the degree of M.A. After leaving Harvard in 1851, he settled in Buffalo, New York, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1854. In 1859, he formed a partnership with Solomon G. Haven. In politics, he began as a Democrat, joined the Republican Party in 1856, and in 1860 again supported the Republican ticket.
In 1861, he joined the Union Army as an aide-de-camp with the rank of major and served on the staff of General John C. Frémont, but at the close of the Missouri campaign Dorsheimer returned to civil life, and published a series of articles in the Atlantic Monthly entitled “Frémont's Hundred Days in Missouri.”
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William F. Sheehan
William Francis Sheehan (November 6, 1859 – March 14, 1917) was an American lawyer and politician. During his political career he became known as Blue-Eyed Billy.
He was born on November 6, 1859 in Buffalo, New York.
He began his political career as a clerk in the office of his brother John Sheehan, who was City Controller of Buffalo until Grover Cleveland refused to have him on his mayoral ticket in 1881.
He was Democratic a member from Erie County of the New York State Assembly from 1885 to 1891. As an assemblyman, he secured the appointments of his brother John as a clerk in the New York Aqueduct Board, and of his law partner Charles F. Tabor as First Deputy of the New York State Attorney General. In 1891, he was elected Speaker of the New York State Assembly.
He was Lieutenant Governor of New York from 1892 to 1894, elected in 1891. Afterwards he established a prosperous law firm in New York City with Alton B. Parker. He was a member of the New York Democratic State Committee from 1889 to 1893, and a member from New York of the Democratic National Committee in 1891 and 1896. He was a delegate from New York to the Democratic National Convention in 1912.
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William H. Seward
William Henry Seward (May 16, 1801 – October 10, 1872) was the 12th Governor of New York, United States Senator and the United States Secretary of State under Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson. A determined opponent of the spread of slavery in the years leading up to the American Civil War, he was a dominant figure in the Republican Party in its formative years, and was widely regarded as the leading contender for the party's presidential nomination in 1860 – yet his very outspokenness may have cost him the nomination. Despite his loss, he became a loyal member of Lincoln's wartime cabinet, and played a role in preventing foreign intervention early in the war. On the night of Lincoln's assassination, he survived an attempt on his life in the conspirators' effort to decapitate the Union government. As Johnson's Secretary of State, he engineered the purchase of Alaska from Russia in an act that was ridiculed at the time as "Seward's Folly", but which somehow exemplified his character. His contemporary Carl Schurz described Seward as "one of those spirits who sometimes will go ahead of public opinion instead of tamely following its footprints."
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William M. Oliver
William Morrison Oliver (October 15, 1792 Londonderry, Rockingham County, New Hampshire - July 21, 1863 Penn Yan, Yates County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician.
He was First Judge of the Yates County Court from 1823 to 1828, and from 1838 to 1844.
He was a member of the New York State Senate (7th D.) from 1827 to 1830, sitting in the 50th, 51st, 52nd and 53rd New York State Legislatures. In 1830, he was elected President pro tempore of the State Senate and was Acting Lieutenant Governor until the end of the year.
He was elected as a Democrat to the 27th United States Congress, holding office from March 4, 1841, to March 3, 1843. Afterwards he became clerk of the New York Supreme Court, and was President of the Yates County Bank from the issuance of its charter until 1857.
He was buried at the Lake View Cemetery in Penn Yan.
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Willie Horton
William R. "Willie" Horton (born August 12, 1951) is an American convicted felon who, while serving a life sentence for murder, without the possibility of parole, was the beneficiary of a Massachusetts weekend furlough program. He did not return from his furlough, and ultimately he committed assault, armed robbery and rape.
Horton was born in Chesterfield, South Carolina. On October 26, 1974, in Lawrence, Massachusetts, Horton and two accomplices robbed Joseph Fournier, a 17-year-old gas station attendant, and then fatally stabbed him 19 times after he had cooperated by handing over all of the money in the cash register. His body was dumped in a trash can. Fournier died from blood loss. Horton was convicted of murder, sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole, and incarcerated at the Northeastern Correctional Center in Massachusetts.
On June 6, 1986, he was released as part of a weekend furlough program but did not return. On April 3, 1987 in Oxon Hill, Maryland, Horton twice raped a local woman after pistol-whipping, knifing, binding, and gagging her fiancé. He then stole the car belonging to the man he had assaulted. He was later shot and captured by Corporal Paul J. Lopez of the Prince George's County Police Department after a pursuit. On October 20, Horton was sentenced in Maryland to two consecutive life terms plus 85 years. The sentencing judge, Vincent J. Femia, refused to return Horton to Massachusetts, saying, "I'm not prepared to take the chance that Mr. Horton might again be furloughed or otherwise released. This man should never draw a breath of free air again."
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Willie Mae Reid
Willie Mae Reid is an African-American politician who ran as the Socialist Workers Party candidate for Mayor of Chicago in 1975, winning 16,693 votes but coming in third place against Richard Daley. The number had fallen from the number of signatures she'd acquired to get on the ballot, 66,000 She also ran as their vice presidential candidate in 1976 (Presidential candidate: Peter Camejo) and 1992 (Presidential candidate: James "Mac" Warren), winning 91,314 votes.
wn.com/Willie_Mae_Reid
Cuomo, Mario Filmography
- Pricele$$ (2012)
- The Ghosts (2011)
- NY77: The Coolest Year in Hell (2007)
- The U.S. vs. John Lennon (2006)
- Encore with John Palmer (2006)
- Fahrenheit 9/11: A Movement in Time (2004)
- The Great Depression (1998)
- Robert F. Kennedy: A Memoir (1998)
- The Great Depression (1998)
- Vote for Me: Politics in America (1996)
- American Dreamers (1996)
- The Last Party (1993)
- Convention '92 (1992)
- The Statue of Liberty (1985)
- The Annual American Image Awards (1984)
Famous quotes by Mario Cuomo:
"Every time I've done something that doesn't feel right, it's ended up not being right."
"The price of seeking to force our beliefs on others is that someday they might force their beliefs on us"
"There are few things more amusing in the world of politics than watching moderate Republicans charging to the right in pursuit of greater glory."
"I am a trial lawyer. Matilda says that at dinner on a good day I sound like an affidavit."
"If you can manipulate news, a judge can manipulate the law. A smart lawyer can keep a killer out of jail, a smart accountant can keep a thief from paying taxes, a smart reporter could ruin your reputation- unfairly."
"The mugger who is arrested is back on the street before the police officer, but the person mugged may not be back on the street for a long time, if ever."
"I watched a small man with thick calluses on both hands work fifteen and sixteen hours a day. I saw him once literally bleed from the bottoms of his feet, a man who came here uneducated, alone, unable to speak the language, who taught me all I needed to know about faith and hard work by the simple eloquence of his example."
"People expect Byzantine, Machiavellian logic from politicians. But the truth is simple. Trial lawyers learn a good rule: 'Don't decide what you don't have to decide.' That's not evasion, it's wisdom."
"You campaign in poetry. You govern in prose."
"I talk and talk and talk, and I haven't taught people in fifty years what my father taught me by example in one week."
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Mario Cuomo's 1984 Convention Speech
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:48
- Updated: 19 Nov 2012
One of the best rhetorical performances ever given, at a time when people didn't want to hear it.
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo's_1984_Convention_Speech
Mario Cuomo, Former Governor of New York, Interview with Bill Boggs
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 51:03
- Updated: 25 Aug 2012
Mario Matthew Cuomo (/ˈkwoʊmoʊ/; born June 15, 1932) served as the 52nd Governor of New York from 1983 to 1994, and is the father of Andrew Cuomo, the current governor of New York. - Wikipedia Footage Owned by Bill Boggs www.BillBoggs.com YouTube Managed by Exit 172 Productions, LLC. http John Hedlund - Owner & Producer BillBoggsTV@Gmail.com
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo,_Former_Governor_of_New_York,_Interview_with_Bill_Boggs
Mario Cuomo - DNC Address 1984 (Full)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 39:05
- Updated: 03 Nov 2012
*to be updated at a later date* See also: Mario Cuomo - Discussing Religious Influences In Politics (Abortion) - ( www.youtube.com ) Modus Operandi: Life is bell-curves. Don't speak about it, be about it.
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo_DNC_Address_1984_Full
Looking back at Mario Cuomo's 1984 DNC speech
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:19
- Updated: 13 Nov 2012
A look back at Mario Cuomo's 1984 Democratic National Convention speech. For more CNN videos, check out our YouTube channel at www.youtube.com Or visit our site at www.cnn.com
http://wn.com/Looking_back_at_Mario_Cuomo's_1984_DNC_speech
Mario Cuomo - Discussing Religious Influences In Politics (Abortion)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 17:21
- Updated: 03 Aug 2012
*to be updated at a later date* Modus Operandi: Life is bell-curves. Don't speak about it, be about it.
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo_Discussing_Religious_Influences_In_Politics_Abortion
Eldridge & Co.: Mario Cuomo, Pt. 1 of 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 28:10
- Updated: 14 Jun 2012
Former New York State Governor Mario Cuomo joins Ronnie this week for the first part of a two-part special. Governor Cuomo, now a constitutional lawyer, discusses the constitutional rights of Congress, as well as the position of the President of the United States. He explains the laws regarding the power to declare war and how this relates to the war in Iraq. Watch more at www.cuny.tv/series/eldridge Ronnie M. Eldridge, articulate, outspoken, and passionate member of the New York City Council from 1989 to 2001, hosts this series which covers the issues and institutions, the people and politics of New York City.
http://wn.com/Eldridge_Co_Mario_Cuomo,_Pt_1_of_2
1984 DNC: Cuomo Calls out Reagan
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:51
- Updated: 24 Nov 2012
Mario Cuomo's 1984 DNC convention speech is widely hailed as one of the greatest speeches in American history. In his exclusive interview with PODIUM, the former Governor of New York reflects on what went into writing his famous speech and how he rates his own performance. Political speech experts featured in this episode include: Michael A. Cohen Author, Live From The Campaign Trail Mario Cuomo Former Governor of New York Ayinde Jean-Baptiste Orator and Speech Expert Robert Lehrman Chief Speechwriter for Vice President Gore and Professor of Speechwriting, American University Jeff Shesol Speechwriter for President Clinton and Founding Partner, West Wing Writers PODIUM is a bi-weekly series that embraces the art of public speaking and honors those with something to say. From historic political speeches, to contemporary commencement addresses, to wedding toasts, the series explores various genres of speechmaking and provides inspiring, insightful analysis including "how-to" content. Created and produced by @radical.media, THNKR gives you extraordinary access to the people, stories, places and thinking that will change your mind. Follow @THNKR on Twitter for the latest! Like us on Facebook: www.facebook.com Check out what we're into on Tumblr: thnkrtv.tumblr.com
http://wn.com/1984_DNC_Cuomo_Calls_out_Reagan
Mario Cuomo 1984 Keynote Address
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:24
- Updated: 22 Oct 2012
Mario Cuomo - 1984 Speech to the Democratic National Convention taken from Great Speeches Vol. 4
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo_1984_Keynote_Address
City Talk: Mario Cuomo; Ronnie Eldridge
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 58:18
- Updated: 19 Aug 2012
Ronnie M. Eldridge, articulate, outspoken, and passionate member of the New York City Council from 1989 to 2001, hosts this series which covers the issues and institutions, the people and politics of New York City. Watch more at www.cuny.tv/series/eldridge
http://wn.com/City_Talk_Mario_Cuomo;_Ronnie_Eldridge
Mario Cuomo: Obama Can Be 'The Greatest President Ever'
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:27
- Updated: 25 Oct 2012
With Air America host Ron Reagan visiting New York City this week, what better time to interview former New York Gov. Mario Cuomo. www.airamerica.com Their hour long, face to face chat covered a wide array of topics from the outrage at town hall-style meetings over health care to Barack Obama's presidency in general.
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo_Obama_Can_Be_'The_Greatest_President_Ever'
Governor Andrew Cuomo -New York State Sandy Briefing
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:32
- Updated: 07 Nov 2012
The Governor Of NY briefs his residents.
http://wn.com/Governor_Andrew_Cuomo_-New_York_State_Sandy_Briefing
cnn - dnc mario cuomo 1984 - 'tale of two cities' - class warfare
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:19
- Updated: 23 Aug 2012
A look back at Mario Cuomo's 1984 Democratic National Convention speech.
http://wn.com/cnn_dnc_mario_cuomo_1984_'tale_of_two_cities'_class_warfare
Mario Cuomo Imagines his Mother passing through Ellis Island
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:54
- Updated: 29 Aug 2012
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo_Imagines_his_Mother_passing_through_Ellis_Island
Mario Cuomo on anti-Italian slurs (1986)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:25
- Updated: 15 Mar 2012
Cuomo on Evans & Novack circa 1986
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo_on_anti-Italian_slurs_1986
Mario Cuomo at NYSWI's 25th Anniversary Celebration
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:40
- Updated: 21 Jun 2010
An excerpt from an appearance by former New York State Governor Mario Cuomo at the New York State Writers Institute's 25th Anniversary Celebration held November 16, 2009.
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo_at_NYSWI's_25th_Anniversary_Celebration
OMICIDIO MARIO CUOMO GRAGNANO mentre giocava a calcetto
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:32
- Updated: 07 Aug 2012
http://wn.com/OMICIDIO_MARIO_CUOMO_GRAGNANO_mentre_giocava_a_calcetto
Mario Cuomo Quotes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:34
- Updated: 23 Sep 2012
What was your favorite Mario Cuomo quote? 'Like' and leave a comment below, then jump over to quotetank.com and make a list of your favorites, so you'll never forget! We update our Twitter and Facebook with new quotes every few minutes, don't miss out! twitter.com | www.facebook.com If you enjoyed these quotes, please LIKE, SHARE and SUBSCRIBE! Who is Mario Cuomo? The father of Andrew Cuomo, the current governor of New York.
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo_Quotes
![A Tale of Two Cities, Mario Cuomo's keynote speech [1984]](http://web.archive.org./web/20121127030259im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/AtNOBp2r1fI/default.jpg "A Tale of Two Cities, Mario Cuomo's keynote speech [1984]")
A Tale of Two Cities, Mario Cuomo's keynote speech [1984]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:04
- Updated: 06 Oct 2012
Governor Mario Cuomo of New York delivers the keynote speech - commonly referred to as "A Tale of Two Cities" - at the Democratic National Convention of 1984.
http://wn.com/A_Tale_of_Two_Cities,_Mario_Cuomo's_keynote_speech_1984_
City Talk: Mario Cuomo, former Governor of New York (Pt. 1 of 2)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 28:28
- Updated: 01 Jul 2011
Guest: Mario Cuomo. (Taped 5/18/2004) Part 2: www.youtube.com City Talk is CUNY TV 's forum for politics and public affairs. City Talk presents lively discussion of New York City issues, with the people that help make this city function. City Talk is hosted by Professor Doug Muzzio, co-director of the Center for the Study of Leadership in Government and the founder and former director of the Baruch College Survey Research Unit, both at Baruch College's School of Public Affairs. Watch more at www.cuny.tv/show/citytalk
http://wn.com/City_Talk_Mario_Cuomo,_former_Governor_of_New_York_Pt_1_of_2
Eldridge & Co.: Mario Cuomo, (Pt. 2 of 2)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 27:55
- Updated: 20 Jun 2011
In Part 2 of this two-part series, Governor Cuomo shares his idea of an "Unconventional Convention" which would take place in the October before an election and would be entirely debate-based. He talks about the war in Iraq and the way the Bush administration is condoning a Muslim based government, an idea that directly goes against the Constitution of the United States. The former governor looks to technology to be the way in which our economy becomes strong again. Watch more at www.cuny.tv/series/eldridge Ronnie M. Eldridge, articulate, outspoken, and passionate member of the New York City Council from 1989 to 2001, hosts this series which covers the issues and institutions, the people and politics of New York City.
http://wn.com/Eldridge_Co_Mario_Cuomo,_Pt_2_of_2
Mario Cuomo, Matilda Cuomo, Tony Bennett, Susan Benedetto 6th annual Exploring the Arts Fundraising gala arrivals New York City, USA paparazzi sexy photos
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:21
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo,_Matilda_Cuomo,_Tony_Bennett,_Susan_Benedetto_6th_annual_Exploring_the_Arts_Fundraising_gala_arrivals_New_York_City,_USA_paparazzi_sexy_photos
Thomas Kean with Mario Cuomo 12.14.2010 (Center on the American Governor)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 94:25
- Updated: 18 Mar 2011
For more information please visit: governors.rutgers.edu This video is for the Center on the American Governor at the Eagleton Institute of Politics (Rutgers University). Thomas Kean fireside chat with Mario Cuomo hosted by Ruth B. Mandel Filmed 12.14.2010 at Eagleton Institute of Politics Cameras/lighting/editing: Benjamin Clapp Audio supervisor: Luke Strother All content ©2010 Eagleton Institute of Politics/Rutgers University
http://wn.com/Thomas_Kean_with_Mario_Cuomo_12142010_Center_on_the_American_Governor
Mario Cuomo 6th annual Exploring the Arts Fundraising gala arrivals New York City, USA paparazzi sexy photos
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:21
- Updated: 23 Nov 2012
http://wn.com/Mario_Cuomo_6th_annual_Exploring_the_Arts_Fundraising_gala_arrivals_New_York_City,_USA_paparazzi_sexy_photos
photo: AP / Jerome Delay
25 Nov 2012
Joseph Kabila, president of the Democratic Republic of Congo, has held direct talks with the leader of the M23 rebels in Uganda, hours after a regional summit called on them to end their offensive in the east of the country. Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero, the political leader of the eastern DR Congo rebel group, said on Sunday he had an initial meeting with Kabila after the summit in the Ugandan capital, Kampala, ended on Saturday....(size: 20.0Kb)
photo: AP / Henry Griffin
26 Nov 2012
Article by WN.com Correspondent Dallas Darling "In our opinion and from our experience," declared John Kerry in 1971, "there is nothing in South Vietnam which could happen that realistically threatens the United States of America. And to attempt to justify the loss of one American life in Vietnam, Cambodia or Laos by linking such loss to the preservation of freedom..is to us the height of criminal hypocrisy..." ... The U.S....(size: 6.4Kb)
photo: AP
26 Nov 2012
This town of 19,000 nestled in an idyllic mountain pass of impossibly green pastures and golden autumn trees is on the front lines of Turkey's rapidly escalating guerrilla war. In a struggle for autonomy as well as independent language and education rights, the outlawed Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) has waged a low-grade conflict in Turkey for decades. ... 4 just as a Turkish army tank rolled by. ... "The violence is getting worse....(size: 8.8Kb)
photo: AP / Ahmed Gomaa
26 Nov 2012
Egyptian President Mohammed Mursi is due to meet meet senior judges to try and ease a crisis over the extent of his powers. A decree giving him sweeping new powers was announced on Thursday, sparking violent nationwide protests and leading to a 9% drop in Egypt's stock market. Mr Mursi said on Sunday the decree was temporary and not intended to concentrate power in his hands. ... ....(size: 2.8Kb)
IMDb
27 Nov 2012
Seattle Post
27 Nov 2012
Mario Draghi, President of the European Central Bank, welcomed the agreement. ... ....(size: 0.5Kb)
Austin American Statesman
27 Nov 2012
Mario Draghi, President of the European Central Bank, welcomed the agreement. ... ....(size: 0.5Kb)
Sun Sentinel
27 Nov 2012
Bloomberg
27 Nov 2012
Kathimerini
27 Nov 2012
STL Today
27 Nov 2012
The Rams left the Valley of the Sun relatively healthy following their 31-17 victory over the Cardinals. ... The only starter to miss Sunday's game was linebacker Mario Haggan, out with an elbow injury....(size: 1.1Kb)
The Times of India
27 Nov 2012
Mario Draghi, president of the European Central Bank, welcomed the agreement. ... ....(size: 0.6Kb)
BBC News
27 Nov 2012
Entertainment Weekly
27 Nov 2012
Will it be from the season premiere of Next Great Baker (featuring the edible likeness of Mario Lopez’s bulldog)? The season finale of RuPaul’s All Stars Drag Race or Extreme Makeover: Home Edition? The Voice or Dancing With ......(size: 1.2Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
27 Nov 2012
GRAND RAPIDS, Mich. ... The government says 43-year-old Mario Giannandrea made the plea Monday before U.S. District Judge Robert Jonker in Grand Rapids. ... ....(size: 0.8Kb)
Belfast Telegraph
27 Nov 2012
Greece is on its way to getting the next instalment of its much-needed bailout loans after finance ministers from the 17 European Union countries that use the euro agreed on a programme to reduce the country's debt. ... Mario Draghi, President of the European Central Bank, welcomed the agreement. ... ....(size: 1.7Kb)
The Washington Post
27 Nov 2012
BRUSSELS — A European Union official tells The Associated Press that a deal has been reached under which Greece’s debt would be reduced to 124 percent of GDP by 2020. The original goal had been 120 percent of GDP. Loading... ... Mario Draghi, President of the European Central Bank, welcomed the agreement. ... All rights reserved. ... ....(size: 2.7Kb)
| Mario Cuomo | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| 52nd Governor of New York | |
| In office January 1, 1983 – December 31, 1994 |
|
| Lieutenant | Alfred DelBello (1983–1985) Warren Anderson (1985–1986) Stan Lundine (1987–1994) |
| Preceded by | Hugh L. Carey |
| Succeeded by | George E. Pataki |
| 68th Lieutenant Governor of New York | |
| In office January 1, 1979 – December 31, 1982 |
|
| Governor | Hugh L. Carey |
| Preceded by | Mary Anne Krupsak |
| Succeeded by | Alfred DelBello |
| 58th Secretary of State of New York | |
| In office January 1, 1975 – December 31, 1978 |
|
| Governor | Hugh L. Carey |
| Preceded by | John J. Ghezzi |
| Succeeded by | Basil Paterson |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Mario Matthew Cuomo (1932-06-15) June 15, 1932 (age 80) Queens, New York |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Matilda Cuomo |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Religion | Roman Catholic[1] |
| Signature |  |
Mario Matthew Cuomo (/ˈkwoʊmoʊ/; born June 15, 1932) served as the 52nd Governor of New York from 1983 to 1994, and is the father of Andrew Cuomo, the current governor of New York.
Contents |
Early life[link]
He was born in the New York City borough of Queens to a family of Italian-American origin. His father, Andrea Cuomo, was from Nocera Superiore, Italy, and his mother Immacolata was from Tramonti. The family owned a store in South Jamaica, Queens in New York City. Cuomo attended P.S. 50 and later earned his bachelor's degree in 1953 and law degree in 1956 from St. John's University, graduating first in his class.[2] When he and the salutatorian (the late St. John's Law Dean Patrick Rohan) were summoned to the dean's office (Reverend Joseph T. Tinnelly) at the end of the year, he was asked what field he plans on going into after graduation.[citation needed] Cuomo responded that he would like to be a trial lawyer. Consequently, he was sent to clerk for the Honorable Judge Adrian P. Burke of the New York Court of Appeals.[3] Additionally, he was signed and played baseball in the Pittsburgh Pirates minor league system until he was injured when a ball hit his head, and subsequently became a scout for the team.
Political career[link]
He first became known in New York City in the late 1960s when he represented “The Corona Fighting 69,” a group of 69 homeowners from the Queens neighborhood of Corona, who were threatened with displacement by the city's plan to build a new high school. He later represented another Queens residents group, the Kew Gardens-Forest Hills Committee on Urban Scale, who opposed Samuel LeFrak's housing proposal adjacent to Willow Lake in Queens. In 1972, Cuomo became more well-known across and beyond New York City when Mayor John Lindsay appointed him to conduct an inquiry and mediate a dispute over low-income public housing slated for the upper-middle-class neighborhood of Forest Hills. Cuomo described his experience in that dispute in the book Forest Hills Diary and the story was retold by sociologist Richard Sennett in The Fall of Public Man.
In 1974, he was the Democratic Party designee for Lieutenant Governor of New York but was defeated in the primary election by Mary Anne Krupsak. He was appointed Secretary of State of New York by Governor Hugh Carey in January 1975.
Cuomo was defeated by Ed Koch in the 1977 Democratic primary for the New York City mayoral election after being nominated by the Liberal Party. Cuomo was also defeated by Koch in the general election.
Cuomo was elected Lieutenant Governor with Governor Carey in 1978. He was elected Governor in 1982, defeating Koch in the 1982 Democratic primary and Republican businessman Lewis Lehrman in the general election. Cuomo was re-elected in 1986 and 1990 .
Cuomo gave the keynote speech at the 1984 Democratic National Convention in San Francisco, and media reports speculated during several presidential election campaigns that he might run for the Democratic Party nomination for President of the United States, but Cuomo always declined to run. Perhaps the closest he came to running was in 1992, when he kept an airplane waiting on the tarmac as he decided whether to fly to New Hampshire to enter that state's primary.[4] He was also spoken of as a candidate for nomination to the United States Supreme Court, but when President Bill Clinton was considering nominees during his first term to replace the retiring Byron White, Cuomo stated he was not interested in the office.[5] Because of Cuomo's refusal to take up the party's banner for national office despite his popularity within the liberal wing of the Democratic party during the 1980s and 1990s, his name has in some circles become a metaphor for a reluctant political leader, the "Hamlet on the Hudson".[6]
In 1994, Cuomo ran for a fourth term. In this election, Republicans attacked him for his opposition to the death penalty by highlighting the case of Arthur Shawcross (a multiple murderer convicted of manslaughter who was paroled from New York in 1987 and on release became a serial killer). Republicans were able to associate Shawcross with Cuomo much like Willie Horton with Michael Dukakis six years earlier.
Cuomo was defeated by George Pataki in the 1994 Republican landslide.
Political views[link]
Cuomo is notable for his liberal political views, particularly his steadfast opposition to the death penalty, an opinion that was unpopular in New York during the high crime era of the 1980s and early '90s. While governor, he vetoed several bills that would have re-established capital punishment in New York State (the death penalty was in fact reinstated by Pataki the year after he defeated Cuomo in the 1994 election, although it was never put into effect and its statute declared unconstitutional by the New York Court of Appeals in 2004).
Cuomo is pro-choice on abortion. In a speech at Notre Dame on Sept. 13, 1984, he used the statements of the American Catholic hierarchy to argue "that what is ideally desirable isn't always feasible, that there can be different political approaches to abortion besides unyielding adherence to an absolute prohibition."[1]
He has also been outspoken on what he perceives to be the unfair stereotyping of Italian-Americans. Cuomo also opposed the move of the National Football League's New York Giants and New York Jets to the Meadowlands in East Rutherford, New Jersey, choosing instead to attend the home games of the Buffalo Bills while serving as governor, referring to the Bills as "New York State's only team."
Family and personal life[link]
Cuomo is one of the first members of the Cuomo family to rise to a prominent position in the politics of the United States of America.
Cuomo has been married for more than fifty years to his wife Matilda. They have five adult children: Andrew, Maria, Margaret, Madeline, and Christopher.
His elder son, Andrew Cuomo, was married to Kerry Kennedy (divorced in 2003), a daughter of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel. He served as Secretary of Housing and Urban Development under President Bill Clinton from 1997–2001. In an attempt to succeed his father, he ran as Democratic candidate for New York Governor in 2002, but withdrew before the primary after criticizing Republican incumbent George Pataki's leadership after the terrorist attacks on the city on 9/11 the previous year. He remained on the ballot as Liberal Party candidate but did not campaign, instead endorsing Democratic nominee Carl McCall in the general election, and received only a very small percentage of the vote as Pataki was re-elected. In November 2006, Andrew Cuomo was elected New York State Attorney General, replacing Eliot Spitzer, who was elected Governor of New York. Andrew Cuomo was elected governor on November 2, 2010 and inaugurated on January 1, 2011.
Cuomo's younger son, Chris Cuomo, is a journalist on the ABC Network newsmagazine Primetime and anchors news segments and served as co-host on Good Morning America. He was picked as one of People Magazine's 50 Sexiest People in 1997.
His daughter Maria Cuomo Cole is married to Kenneth Cole, a well known New York fashion designer. She is Chair of the Board of HELP USA, a charitable foundation.[7]
Cuomo is an avid player of fantasy baseball. He always has an Italian player on his team, regardless of how many Italian players are available or how well they are doing.[8]
Cuomo is the author of Why Lincoln Matters (2004) and sits on the Advisory Council of the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission. He is a co-editor of Lincoln on Democracy, an anthology of Abraham Lincoln's speeches.
In 1996, he wrote Reason to Believe. He also wrote a narrative essay entitled "Achieving the American Dream" about his parents' struggles coming to America and how they prospered.
At its 1983 commencement ceremonies, Barnard College awarded Cuomo its highest honor, the Barnard Medal of Distinction.
Cuomo is currently of counsel at the New York law firm Willkie Farr & Gallagher.[9]
Since 1996, Cuomo has served on the board of Medallion Financial Corp., a lender to purchasers of taxi medallions in leading cities across the U.S. He was named to the board through his personal and business relationship with Andrew M. Murstein, president of Medallion.[10]
Cuomo was the first guest on the long-running CNN talk show Larry King Live in 1985.[11]
See also[link]
References[link]
 |
Constructs such as ibid., loc. cit. and idem are discouraged by Wikipedia's style guide for footnotes, as they are easily broken. Please improve this article by replacing them with named references (quick guide), or an abbreviated title. (July 2010) |
- ^ a b Mario Cuomo, "Religious Belief and Public Morality: A Catholic Governor’s Perspective: Remarks delivered at the University of Notre Dame"
- ^ Heard from Prof. Patrick Rohan; April 23, 2009
- ^ ibid.
- ^ Gitell, Sam. "New Hampshire Factor." New York Sun, 26 September 2006. Joe Klein's roman à clef Primary Colors depicts a fictionalized Cuomo's uncertainty on whether to run.
- ^ Sack, Kevin. "CUOMO ANNOUNCES HE IS NOT SEEKING SEAT ON HIGH COURT." The New York Times, April 8, 1993. George Stephanopoulos wrote in 1999 that Clinton came within 15 minutes of nominating Cuomo before the latter preemptively rejected the post.[1]
- ^ The Economist. "Mario Cuomo, Hamlet on the Hudson"
- ^ "Board and Leadership", HELP USA website
- ^ Walker, Sam: "Fantasyland: A Season on Baseball's Lunatic Fringe" Viking, 2006
- ^ http://www.willkie.com/MarioCuomo
- ^ Medallion Financial Corp. annual report, 2010, p. 78
- ^ http://www.evri.com:80/media/article;jsessionid=x694e74fftii?title=Final++Larry+King++Rules+the+Competition&page=http://www.nbcwashington.com/entertainment/television/NATL-Final-Larry-King-Live-Ruled-Over-the-Competition--112103819.html&referring_uri=/person/mario-cuomo-0x39cd1%3Bjsessionid%3Dx694e74fftii&referring_title=Evri
External links[link]
 |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Mario Cuomo |
- Text Cuomo's 1984 Democratic National Convention Keynote Address - "A Tale of Two Cities"
- Text and Audio of Cuomo's Address at the University of Notre Dame– "Religious Belief and Public Morality"
- Lewis Lehrman 1982 NY Governor Campaign Retrospective. Lehrman narrowly lost to Mario Cuomo (51% to 48%)
- Biography at Willkie Farr & Gallagher website
- Video of debate/discussion with Mario Cuomo and Paul Krugman on Bloggingheads.tv
- A film clip "The Open Mind - An American Legacy (1984)" is available for free download at the Internet Archive [more]
- Booknotes interview with Cuomo on Why Lincoln Matters, July 25, 2004.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by John J. Ghezzi |
Secretary of State of New York 1975 - 1978 |
Succeeded by Basil Paterson |
| Preceded by Mary Anne Krupsak |
Lieutenant Governor of New York 1979 - 1982 |
Succeeded by Alfred DelBello |
| Preceded by Hugh L. Carey |
Governor of New York 1983 - 1994 |
Succeeded by George Pataki |
| Party political offices | ||
| Preceded by Albert Blumenthal |
Liberal Nominee for Mayor of New York City (lost) 1977 |
Succeeded by Mary Codd |
| Preceded by Mo Udall |
Keynote Speaker at the Democratic National Convention 1984 |
Succeeded by Ann Richards |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Cuomo, Mario |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | June 15, 1932 |
| Place of birth | Queens, New York |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the video game character. For the platform game series, see Super Mario (series). For the franchise, see Mario (franchise). For other uses, see Mario (disambiguation).
| Mario | |
|---|---|
| File:MarioSMBW.png Mario, in promotional artwork for New Super Mario Bros. Wii (2009) |
|
| Series | Mario franchise |
| First game | Donkey Kong (1981) |
| Created by | Shigeru Miyamoto |
| Designed by | Shigeru Miyamoto (Donkey Kong) Yōichi Kotabe (Super Mario Bros. series) Shigefumi Hino (Super Mario World) |
| Voiced by (English) |
Video games: Peter Cullen (Saturday Supercade) "Captain" Lou Albano (The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!) Walker Boone (The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3, Super Mario World TV series) |
| Voiced by (Japanese) | Tōru Furuya (Original video animations and Satellaview games) Takeshi Aono (Mario Paint commercial) Kōsei Tomita (Japanese dub of the Super Mario Bros. film) |
| Portrayed by | "Captain" Lou Albano (The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!) Bob Hoskins (Super Mario Bros. film) Gorō Inagaki (2003 "Hot Mario" commercial) Takashi Okamura (2005-2006 "Hot Mario Bros." commercials) |
Mario (マリオ, Mario?) is a fictional character in the Mario video game franchise by Nintendo, created by Japanese video game designer Shigeru Miyamoto. Serving as Nintendo's mascot and the eponymous protagonist of the series, Mario has appeared in over 200 video games since his creation. Though originally only appearing in platform games, starting with Donkey Kong, Mario currently appears in varied video game genres such as racing, puzzle, party, role-playing, fighting, and sports.
Mario is depicted as a short, pudgy, Italian plumber who lives in the Mushroom Kingdom. He repeatedly rescues Princess Peach from the turtle-like villain Bowser and stops his numerous plans to destroy him and take over the kingdom. Mario also has other enemies and rivals, including Donkey Kong and Wario. Since 1995, he has been voiced by Charles Martinet.[1]
As Nintendo's mascot, Mario is said to be the most famous character in video game history.[2] Mario games, as a whole, have sold more than 210 million units,[3] making the Mario franchise the best-selling video game franchise of all time. Outside of the Super Mario platform series, he has appeared in video games of other genres, including the Mario Kart racing series, sports games, such as the Mario Tennis and Mario Golf series, role-playing video games such as Paper Mario and Super Mario RPG, and educational games, such as Mario is Missing! and Mario's Time Machine. He has inspired television shows, film, comics, and a line of licensed merchandise.
Contents |
Concept and creation[link]
Shigeru Miyamoto created Mario while developing Donkey Kong in an attempt to produce a best-selling video game for Nintendo; previous titles like Sheriff had not achieved the same success as titles like Pac-Man. Originally, Miyamoto wanted to create a video game that used the characters Popeye, Bluto, and Olive Oyl.[4] At the time, however, Miyamoto was unable to acquire a license to use the characters (and would not until 1982), so he ended up making Jumpman (later known as Mario), Donkey Kong, and Pauline.[4] In the early stages of Donkey Kong, Mario was unable to jump, and the focus was to escape a maze. However, Miyamoto enabled Mario to jump, saying "If you had a barrel rolling towards you, what would you do?"[5][6]
Miyamoto originally named the character "Mr. Video", and he was to be used in every video game Miyamoto developed.[7] According to a widely circulated story, during localization of Donkey Kong for North American audiences, Nintendo of America's warehouse landlord Mario Segale confronted its then-president Minoru Arakawa, demanding back rent. Following a heated argument in which the Nintendo employees eventually convinced Segale he would be paid, they opted to name the character in the game Mario after him.[8][9]
Miyamoto commented that if he had named Mario "Mr. Video", Mario likely would have "disappeared off the face of the Earth."[6] By Miyamoto's own account, Mario's profession was chosen to fit with the game design. Since Donkey Kong was set on a construction site, Mario was made into a carpenter. When he appeared again in Mario Bros., it was decided he should be a plumber, since a lot of the game is played in underground settings.[10] Mario's character design, particularly his large nose, draws on western influences; once he became a plumber, Miyamoto decided to "put him in New York" and make him Italian,[10] lightheartedly attributing Mario's nationality to his mustache.[11] Other sources have Mario's profession chosen to be carpenter in an effort to depict the character as an ordinary hard worker, and make it easier for players to identify with him.[12] After a colleague suggested that Mario more closely resembled a plumber, Miyamoto changed Mario's profession accordingly and developed Mario Bros.,[4] featuring the character in the sewers of New York City.[13]
Due to the graphical limitations of arcade hardware at the time, Miyamoto clothed the character in red overalls and a blue shirt to contrast against each other and the background. A cap was added to let Miyamoto avoid drawing the character's hairstyle, forehead, and eyebrows, as well as to circumvent the issue of animating his hair as he jumped.[4][10] To make him appear human onscreen despite his small size, Mario was given distinct features, prominently a large nose and a mustache, which avoided the need to draw a mouth and facial expressions on the small onscreen character.[14]
Miyamoto developed Mario with the idea of using him as a "go to" character that could be put into any title as needed, albeit in cameo appearances, as at the time Miyamoto was not expecting Mario to become popular.[7] To this end, he originally called the character "Mr. Video", comparing his intent to have Mario appear in later games to the cameos done by Alfred Hitchcock within Hitchcock's films.[15] Over time, Mario's appearance has become more defined; both a red "M" in a white circle on the front of his hat and gold buttons on his overalls have been added. Miyamoto attributed this process to the different development teams and artists for each game as well as advances in technology as time has gone on.[12] Nintendo has never revealed Mario's full name, stating only that it was not "Mario Mario" despite the implication of the Mario Bros. series' title, its use in the film, and information given in the Prima official Guidebook to Mario and Luigi: Superstar Saga.[16]
Appearances[link]
Main article: List of Mario video games
1981–1990[link]
Mario debuted as "Jumpman" in the arcade game Donkey Kong in 1981.[4] He is shown as a carpenter that has a pet ape.[17] The carpenter mistreats the ape, so Donkey Kong escapes and kidnaps Jumpman's girlfriend, originally known as the Lady, but later named Pauline. The player must take the role of Jumpman and rescue the girl. The character was later renamed "Mario" in the 1982 arcade game Donkey Kong Junior, the only game in which he has ever been portrayed as an antagonist. In the 1983 arcade game Mario Bros., Mario and his younger brother Luigi are portrayed as Italian-American[10] plumbers[18] who have to defeat creatures that have been coming from the sewers below New York. Their surname was "Mario", resulting in Mario's full name being first given here as "Mario Mario".[19]
In Super Mario Bros. for the Nintendo Entertainment System, Mario saves Princess Toadstool (later known as Princess Peach) of the Mushroom Kingdom from King Koopa.[20] To save Princess Toadstool, Mario conquers the eight worlds of the Mushroom Kingdom by going to the castle in each to defeat a minion of King Koopa. To reach each castle, Mario battles through three sub-worlds by defeating King Koopa's henchmen. If Mario successfully fights his way through the castle and defeats the minion, he frees a Mushroom Retainer.[21] Inside the eighth castle, Mario has a final fight with King Koopa and frees Princess Toadstool. In Super Mario Bros. 2, the player could choose between Mario, Luigi, Toad, or Princess Peach. Each character possesses unique abilities (Luigi has stronger jumping ability, Toad can dig the fastest, and Peach can float), with Mario being the most well-rounded. In Super Mario Bros. 3, Mario quests to save the rulers of seven kingdoms from Bowser and his children, the Koopalings, and Mario travels across eight worlds to restore order to the Mushroom World and to rescue Princess Peach.[22] Mario is introduced to new power-ups that augment his abilities.[23]
1989–1995[link]
In Super Mario Land an alien named Tatanga appears, hypnotizes the inhabitants of an area called Sarasaland, and kidnaps its ruler, Princess Daisy. Mario then sets out to rescue her from Tatanga, traveling through the four geographical areas of Sarasaland and defeating Tatanga's minions along the way. He finally corners Tatanga in the skies of the Chai kingdom, bringing down Tatanga's alien warship and rescuing Daisy.[24] In Super Mario World, Mario and Luigi take Princess Peach for a vacation in Dinosaur World sometime after the events of Super Mario Bros. 3; during the vacation, Peach is kidnapped by Bowser. Mario and Luigi meet the Yoshis, dinosaurs that live in Dinosaur World, and they help rescue Peach by allowing Mario and Luigi to ride them.[25] In Super Mario Land 2: 6 Golden Coins, whose events take place immediately after the original Super Mario Land, Mario's evil counterpart Wario has put an evil spell over Mario Land while Mario was away in Sarasaland, renaming the area Wario Land. The inhabitants are now brainwashed into thinking that Wario is their master and Mario is their enemy. Wario's motive behind this sudden attack was to take control over Mario's castle in order to have one of his own. To stop Wario, Mario finds the 6 Golden Coins throughout Mario Land and regains access to his castle. In Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island, a stork carries Baby Mario and Baby Luigi across the sea, but the evil Magikoopa Kamek steals Baby Luigi, and Baby Mario falls onto an island called Yoshi's Island, home to Yoshis. After Mario meets the Yoshis, the group journeys through the game's six worlds to rescue Baby Luigi and the stork from Baby Bowser and Kamek.
1996–2002[link]
File:Mario64 - Dire Dire Docks.png
Super Mario 64 featured Mario's first 3D rendering.
Mario made his 3D debut in Super Mario 64.[26] Princess Peach sends Mario a letter inviting him to join her at her castle for cake;[27] however, when he arrives, Mario discovers that Bowser has invaded the castle and imprisoned the princess and her servants within it using the castle's 120 Power Stars. Many of the castle's paintings are portals to other worlds, in which Bowser's minions guard the stars. Mario explores the castle and these other worlds to recover the stars. He gains access to more painting portals as he recovers more stars,[28] and he traverses three obstacle courses that lead him to battles with Bowser. Defeating Bowser the first two times earns Mario keys that open new levels of the castle,[29] while the final battle releases Peach, who rewards Mario by baking the cake that she promised him.[29][30]
In Super Mario Sunshine, Mario, Toadsworth, and Princess Peach take a vacation to Isle Delfino, a tropical island. A person resembling Mario, known as "Shadow Mario", vandalizes and pollutes the entire island using a magic paintbrush. The vandalism has also caused the Shine Sprites to flee from the island's main city, Delfino Plaza, and blanket the island in darkness. Blamed for the mess, Mario is arrested by the island authorities and ordered to clean up Isle Delfino. Mario is equipped with FLUDD, a robotic hosing device invented by Professor E. Gadd, which he uses to clean up the pollution and collect the Shine Sprites.[31] Meanwhile, Peach is kidnapped by Shadow Mario, who reveals himself to be Bowser Jr., one of Bowser's children. Mario eventually confronts Bowser and Bowser Jr. and rescues the princess. With the island cleaned up, Mario and Peach begin their vacation.[32]
2006–present[link]
Mario went to 2.5D in New Super Mario Bros. While Mario and Peach take a walk together through the Mushroom Kingdom, Bowser Jr. kidnaps Peach and flees.[33] Mario gives chase, venturing through eight worlds. Mario eventually catches up, defeating both Bowser and Bowser Jr. and rescuing Peach.[34] In Super Mario Galaxy, Mario is invited by Princess Peach to the centennial Star Festival in the Mushroom Kingdom.[35] Upon arrival, Bowser invades the kingdom and rips Peach's castle from its foundations and lifts it into outer space. After failing to prevent the princess from being kidnapped, Mario meets star-like creatures called Lumas and their companion, Rosalina. Rosalina tells Mario that Bowser has stolen the Power Stars, the source of power for Rosalina's mobile observatory, and has taken Peach to the center of the universe. Mario then travels to various galaxies to reclaim the Power Stars to restore power to the observatory and reclaim Princess Peach.[36] In New Super Mario Bros. Wii, another 2.5D game, Mario, Luigi, and two Toads are attending Princess Peach's birthday party when Bowser Jr. and the other seven Koopalings ambush the princess and kidnap her. Mario, Luigi, and the two Toads chase after them across eight worlds, defeating each Koopaling as they progress. The quartet eventually confronts Bowser, defeating him and reclaiming the princess.[37] In Super Mario Galaxy 2, Bowser, who has transformed himself into a giant using the Power Stars, attacks the Mushroom Kingdom and abducts Peach, taking her to the center of the universe. With the help of the Lumas, Mario pilots Starship Mario, a mobile planet in the shape of his head, in order to travel to various galaxies and gather the Power Stars, used to fuel the ship. After multiple battles against both Bowser and Bowser Jr., Mario eventually arrives at Bowser's lair at the center of the universe, where he defeats him and rescues the princess.[38]
[edit] Other Mario games
File:Super Mario Strikers Title Screen.jpg
Mario kicking a soccer ball during the title screen in Super Mario Strikers.
Mario games of other genres include various Game & Watch games; Mario Pinball Land, a pinball game for the Game Boy Advance;[39] various educational games; and the Dr. Mario puzzle games, (with Dr. Mario itself first released in 1990).[40] In these games, Dr. Mario throws vitamins that the player must align to destroy the viruses that populate the playing field.[40] 1996's Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System is the first Mario role-playing game;[41] six games have followed, including three in the Paper Mario series (Paper Mario for the Nintendo 64, Paper Mario: The Thousand-Year Door for the Nintendo GameCube, and Super Paper Mario for the Wii) and three in the Mario & Luigi series (Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga for the Game Boy Advance, and Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time and Mario & Luigi: Bowser's Inside Story for the Nintendo DS).
File:VSBoss-Lakitu-MP9.png
Mario and his friends are ready to face off against Lakitu in Mario Party 9.
Several other sub-series of Mario video games, especially those inspired from sports, have been released. The Mario Kart franchise, which began with Super Mario Kart for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System in 1992, is currently the most successful and longest-running kart racing franchise.[42] Other Mario sports games include the Camelot-developed series Mario Golf and Mario Tennis, and, respectively, the baseball and soccer games Mario Superstar Baseball and Super Mario Strikers. In 1999, the Hudson-developed Mario Party series began on the Nintendo 64. The games revolve around a set of minigames and are playable with up to four players. Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Games, released for both Nintendo DS and Wii, is a collection of twenty-four events based on the 2008 Summer Olympic Games from Beijing, in which characters from Sega's Sonic the Hedgehog series compete with Mario characters. This was followed in 2009 by Mario & Sonic at the Olympic Winter Games on both systems, based on the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. Two more sports games for the Wii was released in 2011, Mario Sports Mix and the third Mario & Sonic game, Mario & Sonic at the London 2012 Olympic Games while the latter was released for the Nintendo 3DS in February 2012, which is based on the 2012 Summer Olympics in London.
In other media[link]
File:Supermario3tv.jpg
Mario as seen on the title screen for The Adventures of Super Mario Bros. 3.
Apart from his platformer and spinoff-game appearances, Mario has made guest appearances in non-Mario games, such as Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!, where Mario is a referee.[43] Mario has also appeared as a playable character in NBA Street V3[44] and SSX on Tour,[45] both by Electronic Arts. He makes cameo appearances in both The Legend of Zelda: A Link to the Past and The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time as a portrait, and in Metal Gear Solid: The Twin Snakes, he appears as a small statue.
Mario has appeared in every game of the Super Smash Bros. series[46] and has retained his balanced abilities even when fighting characters from other series.[47] The game also includes other Mario characters, items, and stages. Mario's alter egos Dr. Mario and Metal Mario have made series appearances as well.
The Super Mario Bros. Super Show! television series and the live-action film Super Mario Bros., both based on the video game series, brought Mario into the TV and film entertainment realms. The television show starred "Captain" Lou Albano as Mario, and the film starred Bob Hoskins as Mario Mario, a plumber who finds himself in an alternate universe (in which dinosaurs rule) where he must save the Earth from invasion.[48] Outside the original games, television shows, and film, Mario has influenced the creation of a line of licensed merchandise and has appeared in popular culture. The Nintendo Comics System series, along with the Nintendo Adventure Books, were created due to Mario as well.
Characteristics[link]
Mario was originally portrayed as a two-dimensional sprite, but in later games, he is shown as a three-dimensional, polygonal model. He is depicted as a portly plumber who lives in the fictional land of the Mushroom Kingdom with Luigi, his younger, taller brother.[4][49][50] In the television series and film, Mario and Luigi are originally from Brooklyn, New York.[49] Little is known of Mario's childhood, though the infant version of Mario, Baby Mario, first appeared in 1995 in Super Mario World 2: Yoshi's Island, and has often appeared in Nintendo sports games since that time. Baby Mario has a major role along with Baby Luigi in Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time and appears in Yoshi's Island DS. He (along with the adult Mario) is voiced by Charles Martinet.[51]
Occupation and hobbies[link]
Mario's occupation is plumbing, though in the original Donkey Kong games he is a carpenter.[52] Mario has had several other occupations: in the Dr. Mario series of puzzle games, which debuted in 1990,[40] Mario is portrayed as a medical physician named "Dr. Mario";[53] in the Game Boy game Mario's Picross, Mario is an archaeologist; and in Mario vs. Donkey Kong 2: March of the Minis, Mario is the president of a profitable toy-making company.[54] Mario usually saves Princess Peach and the Mushroom Kingdom and purges antagonists, such as Bowser, from various areas. Mario has gained fame in the Mushroom Kingdom due to his heroic deeds, as shown in Mario & Luigi: Superstar Saga, where the brothers are referred to as "superstars".[55]
Relationships[link]
Since his first game, Mario has usually had the role of saving the damsel in distress.[49] Originally, he had to rescue his girlfriend Pauline in Donkey Kong from Donkey Kong.[56] Pauline was soon replaced by a new damsel in distress, Princess Peach, in Super Mario Bros.,[4] but returned in the Game Boy remake of Donkey Kong in 1994, and in Mario vs. Donkey Kong 2: March of the Minis in 2006, although the character is now described as "Mario's friend".[57] Mario has rescued Princess Peach multiple times since Super Mario Bros.[49] In a role reversal, Peach rescues Mario in Super Princess Peach.[58] Mario rescued Princess Daisy of Sarasaraland in Super Mario Land,[59] but Luigi seems to be more linked to her. In Super Smash Bros. Melee, the text explaining Daisy's trophy states that "after her appearance in Mario Golf, gossips portrayed her as Luigi's answer to Mario's Peach".[60]
Luigi is Mario's younger brother.[50] He is a companion in the Mario games,[50] and the character whom the second player controls in two-player sessions of many of the video games,[61] though he occasionally rescues Mario, as seen in Mario is Missing! and Luigi's Mansion.[62] Super Mario Land 2: 6 Golden Coins for the Game Boy saw the arrival of Wario, Mario's greedy counterpart, who is often Mario's antagonist or an antihero.[63] Yoshi is a dinosaur whose species is also named Yoshi.[64] They vary in color, but the original Yoshi is green.[64] Yoshi serves as Mario's mount in games such as Super Mario World,[64] and is depicted as a more sentient creature in games like Super Mario Kart and Yoshi's Island.
Abilities[link]
During the development of Donkey Kong, Mario was known as Jumpman.[4] Jumping—both to access places and as an offensive move—is a common gameplay element in Mario games, especially the Super Mario Bros. series. By the time Super Mario RPG: Legend of the Seven Stars was released, jumping became such a signature act of Mario that the player was often tasked with jumping to prove to NPCs that he was Mario. Mario's most commonly portrayed form of attack is jumping to stomp on the heads of enemies, first used in Super Mario Bros. This jump-stomp move may entirely crush smaller enemies on the stage, and usually deals damage to larger ones, sometimes causing secondary effects.[4] This attack often enables Mario to knock the turtle-like Koopa Troopas into or out of their shells, which can be used as weapons.[4] Subsequent games have elaborated on Mario's jumping-related abilities. Super Mario World added the ability to spin-jump, which allows Mario to break blocks beneath him. The Game Boy version of Donkey Kong allowed Mario to jump higher with consecutive jumps, and perform a back-flip. In Super Mario 64, Mario gains new jumping abilities, such as a sideways somersault, a ground pound, and the "Wall Jump", which propels him upwards by kicking off walls.
Power-ups[link]
File:Tanooki Mario.jpg
Mario seen wearing the Tanooki Suit. The suit originated as a result of the developers being unable to implement the character Yoshi into Super Mario Bros. 3, and is derived from the mythical creature Tanuki.
Mario uses items, which give him various powers. The first power-up Mario uses is the Hammer in Donkey Kong.[56]
Super Mario Bros. introduced the basic three power-ups that have become staples for the series, especially the 2D games —- the Super Mushroom, which causes Mario to grow larger; the Fire Flower, which allows Mario to throw fireballs; and the Starman, which gives Mario temporary invincibility. These powers have appeared regularly throughout the series.[65] Throughout the series' history, there have been several kinds of Mushroom power-ups, including the 1-Up Mushroom, which gives Mario an extra life; the Poison Mushroom, which causes Mario to either shrink or die;[66] the Mega Mushroom, which causes Mario to grow very large; and the Mini Mushroom, which causes Mario to shrink.[67]
A reoccurring power-up throughout the series is an item that gives Mario the ability of flight. The first of this type was introduced in Super Mario Bros. 3: One power-up, which gives Mario a raccoon suit, is called the Super Leaf,[68] while another is called the Tanooki Suit (a translation of Tanuki) and grants Mario the ability to fly or turn into a statue.[69] In Super Mario World, an item called the Cape Feather was introduced that gave Mario a cape.[70] In Super Mario Land 2: 6 Golden Coins, a carrot was available that gave Mario rabbit ears that allowed him to fly,[69] and in Super Mario 64, Mario could acquire an item called the Wing Cap, which temporarily gave him the ability of flight.[71] Super Mario Sunshine introduces a pump-water spraying device named "F.L.U.D.D.", which abilities included spraying water and hovering.[72]
Super Mario Galaxy introduced new power-ups, including the Bee Mushroom, which turned Mario into a bee and allowed him to fly temporarily; the Ghost Mushroom, which turned Mario into a ghost, allowing him to float and pass through walls; the Spring Mushroom, which encased Mario in a spring, allowing him to jump higher; and the Ice Flower, which allowed the player to temporarily walk on water and lava without sinking or taking damage.[73] Super Mario Galaxy 2 introduced even more power ups alongside those introduced in Super Mario Galaxy, including the Cloud Flower which allows Mario to create platforms in midair and Rock Mario, which transforms Mario into a boulder that could be used to break through barriers.[74]
New Super Mario Bros. Wii updated the Ice Flower, which then allowed Mario to shoot ice balls that temporally froze enemies; and also introduced the Propeller Suit, which allows him to fly; as well as the Penguin Suit, which allows Mario to easily traverse ice and swim through water in addition to shooting ice balls.
Super Mario 3D Land introduced the Boomerang Flower, which allows Mario to throw boomerangs at nearby enemies; and the Statue Leaf, which allows Mario to turn to a statue.
Reception and legacy[link]
As Nintendo's mascot, Mario is considered by some to be the most famous video game character in history, and has been called an icon of the gaming industry.[5][75][76] The Mario series of video games has sold more than 200 million copies (210 million as of 2009), making it the best-selling video game franchise of all time.[77] Mario was one of the first video game character inductees at the Walk of Game in 2005, alongside Link and Sonic the Hedgehog.[78] Mario was the first video game character to be honored with a wax figure in the legendary Hollywood Wax Museum in 2003. In the 1990s, a national survey found that Mario was more recognizable to American children than Mickey Mouse;[79] in fact, Mario has been called the "most recognisable" figure in the gaming industry.[80]
Since his creation, Mario has established himself as a pop culture icon, and has starred in numerous television shows, comic books, and in a feature film. He has appeared on lunch boxes, t-shirts, magazines, commercials (notably, in a Got Milk? commercial),[81] in candy form, on shampoo bottles, cereal, badges, and as a plush toy.[82] Nintendo of Japan produced a 60-minute anime feature which starred Mario and his friends in 1986, although this film has never been released outside of Japan. The animated series The Super Mario Bros. Super Show! featured a live-action series of skits which starred the late former WWF manager "Captain" Lou Albano as Mario and Danny Wells as Luigi. Mario appeared in a book series, the Nintendo Adventure Books. Mario has inspired unlicensed paintings,[83] performances on talent shows such as India's Got Talent,[84] and short films, which have themselves been viewed hundreds of thousands of times.
People and places have been named (or nicknamed) after Mario. Bergsala, the distributor of Nintendo's products in the Nordic and the Baltic countries, is located at Marios Gata 21 (Mario's Street 21) in Kungsbacka, Sweden, named after Mario.[85] Many sports stars, including Bundesliga football players Mario Götze and Mario Gómez, NHL hockey player Mario Lemieux,[86] and Italian cycling star Mario Cipollini have been given the nickname "Super Mario". In the Spanish suburb of Zaragoza, in commemoration of Mario a street was named "Avenida de Super Mario Bros".[87]
Mario's legacy is recognized by Guinness World Records, who awarded the Nintendo mascot, and the series of platform games he has appeared in, seven world records in the Guinness World Records: Gamer's Edition 2008. These records include "Best Selling Video Game Series of All Time", "First Movie Based on an Existing Video Game", and "Most Prolific Video Game Character", with Mario appearing in 116 distinct titles (not including remakes or re-releases).
Creator Shigeru Miyamoto has stated that Mario is his favorite character out of all that he has created.[88] Nintendo Power listed Mario as their favourite hero, citing his defining characteristics as his mustache, red cap, plumbing prowess, and his mushrooms.[89] In a poll conducted in 2008 by Oricon, Mario was voted the most popular video game character in Japan, outranking characters such as Cloud Strife from Final Fantasy VII and Solid Snake from the Metal Gear Solid series.[90] Gaming site GameDaily listed the "unlikely hero" on its top 25 video game archetypes, and used Mario as an example of this. It stated that in spite of the fact that he should have run out of energy through the first level, he kept going.[91] Mario ranked fourth on GameDaily's top ten Smash Bros. characters list.[92] Mario was fourth on UGO's list of the "Top 100 Heroes of All Time", ahead of fellow video game characters Samus Aran (Metroid), Link (Legend of Zelda), Gordon Freeman (Half-Life), and Master Chief (Halo).[93] CNET listed him first on its list of the "Top 5 video game characters".[94] He was voted 100th in IGN's Top 100 Villains for his appearance in Donkey Kong Junior.[95] UGO.com listed Mario's Hat twenty-first on their list of "The Coolest Helmets and Headgear in Video Games", stating "there’s always somebody at your Halloween party wearing one."[96]
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- ^ "Exclusive Interview With Nintendo Gaming Mastermind Shigeru Miyamoto". Popular Mechanics. 2009-10-19. http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/gadgets/video-games/4334387. Retrieved 2009-10-21.
- ^ Nintendo Power 250th issue!. South San Francisco, California: Future US. 2010. pp. 40, 41.
- ^ Brian Ashcraft (2008-08-23). "And Japan's Favorite Video Game Characters Are...?". Kotaku. http://kotaku.com/5035884/and-japans-favorite-video-game-characters-are. Retrieved 2008-08-23.
- ^ Buffa, Chris (January 23, 2009). "Top 25 Game Archetypes". GameDaily. Archived from the original on 2009-02-17. http://web.archive.org/web/20090217094907/http://gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-25-video-game-characters-archetypes/?page=25. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
- ^ "Top 10 Smash Bros. Characters - Page 7". GameDaily. Archived from the original on 2008-03-23. http://web.archive.org/web/20080323124956/http://www.gamedaily.com/articles/galleries/top-ten-super-smash-bros-characters/?page=7. Retrieved 2009-08-07.
- ^ Staff (2007-09-24). "Best Heroes of All Time: Mario". UGO Networks. http://www.ugo.com/games/top-heroes-in-entertainment/shows.asp?groupID=shows20-1&showID=mario. Retrieved 2009-11-08.
- ^ Tom Merritt (December 7, 2009). "Top 5 video game characters". CNET. http://cnettv.cnet.com/8301-13415_53-10410413-11.html. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
- ^ "Top 100 Villains". IGN. http://uk.ign.com/videogame-villains/100.html. Retrieved 2010-05-13.
- ^ Marissa Meli (March 4, 2011). "The Coolest Helmets and Headgear in Video Games - UGO.com". UGO.com. http://www.ugo.com/games/the-coolest-helmets-and-headgear-in-video-games?page=2. Retrieved 2011-03-21.
External links[link]
 |
Book: Mario series characters |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
|
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Mario |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Mario |
- The Evolution of Mario Timeline and Collage
- Mario at the Internet Movie Database
- Super Mario Wiki
- Nintendo of America's official website for the Mario series
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| Bill Boggs | |
|---|---|
| Born | William Boggs III (1946-07-11) July 11, 1946 (age 65) Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Education | University of Pennsylvania |
| Occupation | Television journalist |
William "Bill" Boggs III (born July 11, 1946) is an Emmy Award–winning American television presenter and journalist.
Boggs was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and graduated from the University of Pennsylvania. He is currently the celebrity correspondent for the syndicated My Generation television show airing on PBS, featuring interviews inspired by his 2007 HarperCollins book, Got What it Takes?: Successful People Reveal How They Made It to the Top. The book includes interviews with Renée Zellweger, Donald Trump, Sir Richard Branson, Clive Davis, Joe Torre, and others. He has also published a novel, At First Sight, with Grosett and Dunlap publishers.[citation needed]
A former news anchorman for WNBC in New York, Boggs also presented several game shows for CBS. He created the first national restaurant review show, TV Diners, for the Food Network, and spent many years hosting the network's first non-cooking show, the celebrity interview show, Bill Boggs' Corner Table. Boggs co-executive produced and hosted TV's first syndicated stand up comedy series, Comedy Tonight in the late 1980s.[citation needed]
Boggs appeared in several film and television dramas including Oz and Miami Vice. In New York City, he is also known for his stint in the 1970s as host of Midday Live on WNEW (now WNYW), succeeding Lee Leonard.[1]
He debuted a solo stage show called Talk Show Confidential in 2003. The show, which includes stories and rare video clips from his years as a television talk show host, is currently running at the Triad Theatre in New York City.[2]
Personal life[link]
He was briefly married to Canadian actress Linda Thorson; the couple have a son.
References[link]
- ^ "Bill Boggs' Official Biography Page". http://www.billboggs.com/bio.htm. Retrieved July 15, 2011.
- ^ "Bill Boggs' Biography Page on "Talk Show Confidential" Official Site". http://www.talkshowconfidential.com/bio.html. Retrieved July 15, 2011.
External links[link]
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Boggs, Bill |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 1944 |
| Place of birth | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (February 2009) |
| Ronnie Eldridge | |
|---|---|
| Born | Ronnie Myers Eldridge |
| Occupation | Activist, Businesswoman, Politician, Television Host |
| Alma mater | Barnard College class of 1952 |
| Spouse(s) | Jimmy Breslin (1982-present) |
| Children | Daniel M. Eldridge Emily Eldridge Lucy Eldridge |
 Literature portal |
|
 |
This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (June 2011) |
Ronnie Eldridge is an American activist, businesswoman, politician, and television host. She is the current host of Eldridge & Co., a weekly television talk show on CUNY TV, the television station of the City University of New York. A protegee of Robert F. Kennedy, Eldridge went on to serve New York City's Mayor John V. Lindsay as Special Assistant, and was the only female member of the cabinet of New York Governor Mario Cuomo serving as Director of the Division for Women. Equal parts entrepreneurial and political she spearheaded Special Projects for MS Magazine and served as Executive Director of the MS Foundation for Women. From 1989 to 2001, she represented the Upper West Side on New York's City Council. Since then she has worked on various political projects as well as several business ventures and activism campaigns focusing on women's rights. She is married to Jimmy Breslin, a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and author. The celebrated marriage between the feminist politician and the gruff city columnist inspired the CBS show, "American Nuclear." She(3) and her husband(6) are the parents of nine children and 11 grandchildren.
References[link]
- ^ http://www.nyc.gov/html/cwi/html/about/commissioners.shtml#ronnie
- ^ http://cuny.tv/show/eldridgeandco
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Ruth Messinger |
New York City Council, 6th District 1989–2002 |
Succeeded by Gale Brewer |
|
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Eldridge, Ronnie |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | January 30th, circa 1931 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Ronnie_Eldridge
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For other people named John Andrew, see John Andrew (disambiguation).
| John Albion Andrew | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| 25th Governor of Massachusetts | |
| In office January 3, 1861 – January 4, 1866 |
|
| Lieutenant | John Z. Goodrich (1861) John Nesmith (1862) Joel Hayden (1863-1866) |
| Preceded by | Nathaniel P. Banks |
| Succeeded by | Alexander H. Bullock |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1818-05-31)May 31, 1818 Windham, Maine |
| Died | October 30, 1867(1867-10-30) (aged 49) Boston, Massachusetts |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse(s) | Eliza Jane Hersey |
| Children | John F. Andrew |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Signature | John Albion Andrew's signature |
John Albion Andrew (May 31, 1818 – October 30, 1867) was a U.S. political figure. He served as the 25th Governor of Massachusetts between 1861 and 1866 during the American Civil War. He was a guiding force behind the creation of some of the first U.S. Army units of black men—including the famed 54th Massachusetts Infantry.
Contents |
Early life and career[link]
John A. Andrew was born in Windham, Maine. His father, Jonathan Andrew was a descendant of an early settler of Boxford, Massachusetts and a small but prosperous trader in Windham. His mother, Nancy Green Pierce, was a teacher at Fryeburg Academy. John Albion was the eldest son. His mother died in 1832.
Andrew entered Bowdoin College in 1833. Although he was studious and popular with other students, he did not shine academically and was ranked near the lowest in his class. After his graduation in 1837, he moved to Boston to study law under Henry H. Fuller, with whom he became close friends.
Andrew married Eliza Jane Hersey of Hingham on Christmas evening, 1848. They had four children: John Forrester, born November 26, 1850; Elizabeth Loring, born July 29, 1852; Edith, born April 5, 1854; Henry Hersey, born April 28, 1858.
After his admission to the bar, Andrew joined the Whig party and began to support the anti-slavery movement. In 1848, he helped organize the Free Soil Party, which opposed the expansion of slavery. Following the failure of the Free Soil Party, Andrew joined the Republican party in the mid-1850s.
He was elected to as a Representative in the General Court in 1857. Following John Brown's 1859 raid on Harper's Ferry, Virginia, Andrew participated in organizing legal aid for Brown, generating favorable responses amongst the people of Massachusetts. In 1860, he was elected governor of Massachusetts by a huge margin.
Governor of Massachusetts[link]
When Andrew took office on January 2, 1861, on the eve of the Civil War, the Albany Argus called him "a lawyer of a low type and a brutal fanatic" who "proposes to maintain the condemned [ personal liberty ] statutes of [Massachusetts], and to force upon the South by arms, an allegiance to the Constitution thus violated."[2] Andrew immediately began to ready the Massachusetts militia for duty. He also asked the governors of Maine and New Hampshire to prepare for war. Among his early actions were to accept recruits from other states to serve in Massachusetts regiments, including 500 men from California who he encouraged to join the 2nd Massachusetts Cavalry in 1862 and early 1863.
Andrew's strong feelings about emancipation are clearly expressed in the following quote from an 1862 speech:
| “ | I know not what record of sin awaits me in the other world, but this I know, that I was never mean enough to despise any man because he was black. | ” |
Andrew was receptive to the concept of using black men as uniformed soldiers in the Union army. In April 1862 he begin working closely with the Federal government and with Frederick Douglass. He wrote letters to different states and to Lincoln trying to get support. He authorized the formation of two regiments of black infantry, the 54th and 55th Massachusetts, composed of blacks from the state, as well as Ohio, New York, Pennsylvania, and other states. Shortly after the Battle of Antietam, Andrew became one of the leading state executives at the Loyal War Governors' Conference in Altoona, Pennsylvania, which ultimately backed Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation and the war effort.
In 1864, Andrew wrote a letter to his close friend and distant cousin President Abraham Lincoln describing a woman named Lydia Bixby who lost five sons in battle and asking Lincoln to express his condolences. Lincoln then sent the famous Letter to Mrs. Bixby to Bixby, who turned out to not only dislike Lincoln, but was also a Confederate sympathizer.
He left the office of governor in 1866 and again took up the practice of law, although he intended to remain active in politics. Having associated with the Radical Republicans during the war, Andrew took a more conciliatory tone towards Reconstruction, and did not favor some of the Radical Republicans' more extreme measures.
He died in 1867 of apoplexy after having tea at his home in Boston. He is buried in the Hingham (Old Ship) Cemetery in Hingham, Massachusetts.
Honors and memorials[link]
In 2007, governor Deval Patrick hung Andrew's portrait over the fireplace in his office, calling him an inspiration.
John A. Andrew St., in the Jamaica Plain section of Boston, is named in his honor, and his name is one of four on the Soldier's Memorial in the same community.
John Andrew Hospital in Tuskegee, Alabama is named for him.[3]
Andrew Square in South Boston and the associated MBTA Red Line subway station Andrew Station.
References[link]
- ^ State Street Trust Company. Forty of Boston's historic houses. 1912.
- ^ Cited in the Brooklyn (New York) Daily Eagle, January 10, 1861, p.2.
- ^ Watson, Wilbur H. (1999). Against the Odds: Blacks in the Profession of Medicine in the United States. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers. pp. 68. ISBN 978-0-585-32416-6. OCLC 45843812. http://books.google.com/books?id=bBdzgGN6OJYC&pg=PA68&lpg=PA68&dq=andrew+hospital+tuskegee+governor&source=web&ots=Wh0ZnzFkl2&sig=PyL-3-TQFbtKryOau5FAV0nY0wk#PPA68,M1. Retrieved 2008-02-20.
- The Bay State Monthly, Volume 3, No. 3 by Various at Project Gutenberg
- Official Commonwealth of Massachusetts Governor Biography
External links[link]
- Jamaica Plain Historical Society
"Andrew, John Albion". Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. 1900. - Library of Congress. Photo of John A. Andrew statue, State House, Boston, Mass.
| Political offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Nathaniel P. Banks |
Governor of Massachusetts January 3, 1861 – January 4, 1866 |
Succeeded by Alexander H. Bullock |
|
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Andrew, John Albion |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | American politician |
| Date of birth | May 31, 1818 |
| Place of birth | Windham, Maine |
| Date of death | October 30, 1867 |
| Place of death | Boston, Massachusetts |
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