Minhas
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Aftab Sherpao
http://wn.com/Aftab_Sherpao -
Aurangzeb
Shahanshah Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, more commonly known as Aurangzeb () (full official title Al-Sultan al-Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram Hazrat Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Bahadur Alamgir I, Badshah Ghazi, Shahanshah-e-Sultanat-ul-Hindiya Wal Mughaliya) ( – ), also known by his chosen imperial title Alamgir ("Conquerer of the World") (), was the 6th Mughal Emperor of India whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.
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Babur
Zahir ud-din Muhammad Babur ( — ) was a Muslim conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty of India. He was a direct descendant of Timur through his father, and a descendant also of Genghis Khan through his mother. Babur identified his lineage as Timurid and Chaghatay-Turkic, while his origin, milieu, training, and culture were steeped in Persian culture and so he was largely responsible for the fostering of this culture by his descendants, and for the expansion of Persian cultural influence in the Indian subcontinent, with brilliant literary, artistic, and historiographical results.
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Banda Bahadur
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Gulab Singh Dogra
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Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh (, ) (22 December 1666 – 7 October 1708) was the tenth Guru of Sikhism. He was born in Patna, Bihar in India and became a Guru on 11 November 1675, at the age of nine years, succeeding his father Guru Tegh Bahadur. He was the leader of the Sikh faith, a warrior, a poet, and a philosopher. In the Sikh society, Guru Gobind Singh is considered a perfect example of manhood; highly educated, skilled in horsemanship, armed combat, chivalrous, and generous in character.
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Hari Singh
Maharaja Hari Singh (23 September 1895, Jammu–26 April 1961, Mumbai) was the last ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in India.
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Humayun
Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun (full title: ''Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan al-Mukarram, Jam-i-Sultanat-i-haqiqi wa Majazi, Sayyid al-Salatin, Abu'l Muzaffar Nasir ud-din Muhammad Humayun Padshah Ghazi, Zillu'llah '') () (17 March 1508– 4 March 1556) (OS 7 March 1508-OS 22 February 1556) was the second Mughal Emperor who ruled present day Afghanistan, Pakistan, and parts of northern India from 1530–1540 and again from 1555–1556. Like his father, Babur, he lost his kingdom early, but with Persian aid, he eventually regained an even larger one. On the eve of his death in 1556, the Mughal empire spanned almost one million square kilometers.
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Iftikhar Khan
Major General Muhammed Iftikhar Khan was an officer inherited by the Pakistan Army from British India. He had been nominated to become the first local Commander in Chief (C-in-C) of the Pakistan Army after General Douglas David Gracey's retirement. However, his death in a tragic plane crash in 1949 was a disaster for the newly formed country.
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Indo-Aryan people
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Khudadad Khan
Khudadad Khan VC (20 October 1888 – 8 March 1971) was the first Indian recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest military award for gallantry in the face of the enemy given to British and Commonwealth forces. He was the first native-born Indian to win the VC.
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Mohammad Ghori
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Mughal (tribe)
The term Mughal () is simply the Persian form of the word Mongol, and many groups in Pakistan, Iran, Afghanistan, and India use the term Mughal to describe themselves. In theory, the Mughal's of South Asia and Iran are descended from the various Mongol armies that at one point or other conquered or settled in the region.
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Muhammed Akbar Khan
General Muhammed Akbar Khan (), OBE served as a British Indian recruit in the First World War and an officer in Second World War. Muhammed Akbar Khan was the first Muslim from the South Asia to become a General in British Indian Army. At the time of indepedence of Pakistan, he was the most senior Muslim General. He also served as the first ADC of the Quaid-e-Azam, Muhammed Ali Jinnah.
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Muhammed Ali Jinnah
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Muslim Rajput
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Pashtun people
Pashtuns ( , , also rendered as Pushtuns, Pakhtuns, Pukhtuns), also called Pathans (in and Hindi: पठान ) or (ethnic) Afghans (in ; see also origin and history of the term), are an Eastern Iranian ethno-linguistic group with populations primarily in Afghanistan and western Pakistan, which includes Pakhtunkhwa, Federally Administered Tribal Areas and Balochistan. The Pashtuns are typically characterized by their usage of the Pashto language and practice of Pashtunwali, a traditional set of rules and ethics guiding individual and communal conduct.
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Rajput
A Rajput is a member of one of the major Hindu Kshatriya (warrior) groups of India and are a ruling class of the Indian subcontinent. They enjoy a reputation as soldiers; many of them serve in the Indian Armed Forces, while persons of Rajput ancestry also serve in the Pakistani Armed Forces. During the British Raj, the Government accepted them and recruited them heavily into their armies. Current-day Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh is home to most of the Rajputs, although demographically the Rajput population and the former Rajput states are found spread through much the subcontinent, particularly in North India and central India.
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Rajputs
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Rama
Rama (IAST: , : ; Kannada: ರಾಮ; Tamil: இராமன்; Telugu: రామ; ; Chinese: Lomo; Javanese: Ramavijaya; Khmer: ព្រះរាម Phreah Ream; Lao: ພຣະຣາມ Phra Lam; Malay: Megat Seri Rama; Maranaw: Mangandiri; Tagalog: Rajah Bantugan; Phra Ram) or Ramachandra (रामचंद्र, రామచంద్ర ) is considered to be the seventh avatar of Vishnu in Hinduism, and a mythological king of Ayodhya in ancient Indian Puranas. Based on Puranic genealogy, Rama is believed by Hindus to have lived during 1450 BC, during the Rig Vedic period.
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Ranjit Singh
'Maharaja Ranjit Singh' () (born 13 November 1780) ruled 1799-20 June 1839; Capital city Lahore; was the first Maharaja of the Sikh Empire.
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Rashid Minhas
Pilot Officer Rashid Minhas or Rashid Minhas Shaheed, NH, () (February 17, 1951–August 20, 1971) was a Pilot Officer in the Pakistan Air Force (PAF) during the 1971 Pakistan-India War.
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Sangat Singh Minhas
Sangat Singh Minhas was the first Doaba Sikh Rajput to join the army of Guru Gobind Singh. He came from the village of Padhiana in the Jalandhar district, and joined the Guru’s forces with his two brothers and many other Rajput chiefs. A few months later, the Subedar (Governor) of Lahore sent a small group of armed men to collect tax dues from the Rajput Hill Chiefs in whose territory, Anandpur was located under the command of Alaf Khan. The chiefs asked Guru Gobind Singh for help.
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Shamim Alam Khan
General Shamim Alam Khan, NI(M), SJ, SBt, (born 1937) is a retired four-star rank general in the Pakistan Army was the Supreme Commandant of the Pakistan Defense Forces as Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee from 1991 to 1994. A former member of the Special Service Group, General Khan also commanded the II Corps at Multan and XXXI Corps at Bahawalpur and stayed as the Chief of General Staff (CGS) at the Army GHQ.
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Sikh Rajput
http://wn.com/Sikh_Rajput -
Sir Denzil Ibbetson
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Sir Lepel Griffin
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Afghanistan
{{Infobox country
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Ahla
Ahla is a village and Union Council of Mandi Bahauddin District in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
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Ayodhya
Ayodhya (, IAST Ayodhyā) is an ancient city of India, the old capital of Awadh, in the Faizabad district of Uttar Pradesh. Ayodhya is described as the birth place of Hindu god Sri Rama, and the capital of the ancient Kosala Kingdom. This Hindu holy city is described as early as in the Hindu Epics. Ayodhya has an average elevation of 93 metres (305 feet).
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Azad Kashmir
Azad Jammu and Kashmir ({{lang-ur| azaad jammu o- kashmir ; AJK) or Azad Kashmir for short (literally, "Free Kashmir"), is the southernmost political entity within the Pakistani-administered part of the former princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. It borders the present-day Indian-controlled state of Jammu and Kashmir to the east (separated from it by the Line of Control), Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa to the west, Gilgit-Baltistan to the north, and the Punjab Province of Pakistan to the south. With its capital at Muzaffarabad, Azad Kashmir covers an area of and has an estimated population of about four million. Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan both constitute an area known as Pakistan-administered Kashmir which is referred to in India as Pakistan-occupied Kashmir.
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Bhagwal
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Bhoun
Bhoun (mostly spelled Bhaun) (is a village and union council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. It is part of Chakwal Tehsil.
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British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-quarter of the world's population at the time, and covered more than 13 million square miles (34 million km2), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, it was often said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire" because its span across the globe ensured that the sun was always shining on at least one of its numerous territories.
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Chak Malook
Chak Malook is a village and union council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, it is part of Chakwal Tehsil and is located at 32°58'0N 72°57'0E.
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Chakwal
Chakwal (Punjabi, {{lang-ur|) is the capital of Chakwal District, Punjab, Pakistan. It is located 90 km south-east of the federal capital, Islamabad and is named after Chaudhry Chaku Khan, chief of the Mair Minhas Rajput tribe from Jammu, who founded it in 1525 CE during the era of the Mughal Emperor, Zaheerudun Babur. It remained a small but central town of the Dhan Chaurasi Taluka for many centuries. In 1881, during the British era, it was declared the Tehsil Headquarters. It was finally upgraded to district status in 1985. The area of Chakwal city is about 10 square kilometres.
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Dhanni
http://wn.com/Dhanni -
Dhudial
Dhudial is a village and union council, an administrative subdivision, of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, it is part of Chakwal Tehsil. It is one of the largest villages of Chakwal District and is located at 33°3'52N 72°58'24E about 70 km south of the capital Islamabad.
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Gujranwala
Gujranwala (Punjabi, {{lang-ur|) is a city in the north east of the Punjab province. It is the sixth largest city in Pakistan with a population of 1,132,509 (1998 census) Gujranwala is located at 32.16° North, 74.18° East and is 226 metres (744 feet) above sea-level. It borders with Ghakhar Mandi and some small towns and villages. Punjabi is the local language, however English and Urdu are also common, particularly in schools and offices.
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Gujrat
Gujrat (Urdu/Punjabi: ) is a city in Pakistan. It is the capital of Gujrat District and the Gujrat Tehsil subdivision in the Punjab Province. People living in Gujrat refer to themselves as Gujratis, which sometimes leads to confusion with people from the Indian state of Gujarat which neighbors Pakistan. The major sources of livelihood among the Gujrat populace are agriculture and small industries.
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Himachal
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Himachal Pradesh
Himachal Pradesh (Hindi: हिमाचल प्रदेश ) is a state in Northern India. It is spread over 21,495 sq mi (55,673 km²), and is bordered by the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir on the north, Punjab on the west and south-west, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh on the south, Uttarakhand on the south-east and by the Tibet Autonomous Region on the east. The literal meaning of Himachal Pradesh is Region of snowy mountains.
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Hindu Shahi
http://wn.com/Hindu_Shahi -
Hoshiarpur District
http://wn.com/Hoshiarpur_District -
India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Jalandhar
Jalandhar (, Hindi: ), is a city in Jalandhar District in the state of Punjab, India. In Hindu mythology, Jalandhara was the eponymous kingdom of a devil in Satyuga. It was also known as Prasthala at the time of Mahabharta and it was also known as Jullundur in British times.
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Jammu and Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir (Dogri: जम्मू और कश्मीर; {{lang-ur|) is the northernmost state of India. It is situated mostly in the Himalayan mountains. Jammu and Kashmir shares a border with the states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab to the south and internationally with the People's Republic of China to the north and east and the Pakistani administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, to the west and northwest respectively.
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Jhelum
Jhelum (Urdu, {{lang-pa|) (Greek: Alexandria Bucephalous) is a city on the right bank of the Jhelum River, in the district of the same name in the north of Punjab province, Pakistan. Jhelum is known for providing a large number of soldiers to the British and later to the Pakistan armed forces due to which it is also known as city of soldiers or land of martyrs and warriors. Jhelum is a few miles upstream from the site of the Battle of the Hydaspes between the armies of Alexander the Great and Raja Porus. A city called Bucephala was founded nearby to commemorate the death of Alexander's horse, Bucephalus. Other notable sites nearby include the 16th century Rohtas Fort, the Tilla Jogian complex of ancient temples, and the 16th-century Grand Trunk Road which passes through the city. According to the 1998 census of Pakistan the population of Jhelum was 145,647 and in 2010 its population is 174,679. The name of the city is derived from the words Jal (pure water) and Ham (snow), as the river that flows through the river originates in the Himalayas. There are a number of industries in and around Jhelum city, including a tobacco factory, wood, marble, glass and flour mills.
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Kabul
Kabul ( Kābol ; Kābul ; archaic Caubul), is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan, located in the Kabul Province. According to the 2008 official estimates, the population of Kabul metropolitan area is 2.8 million people.
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Kahlur
Kahlur (also known as Bilaspur), covering an area of 1173 km², and currently a part of Himachal Pradesh state, was one of the Princely states of India during the period of the British Raj. The state was founded in/ around 697 by Kahal Chand. Kahal Chand had built a fort, which was named after him, and was called Kahlur fort. Another ruler of the state, Dip Chand founded Bilaspur, and made the place as his capital. Thereafter, the state acquired the name of Bilaspur. The state was acceded to India on 12th October 1948.
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Kamra
Kamra (Urdu: کامرہ) is located in Attock District in the mountainous north of the Punjab, Pakistan.
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Karachi
Karachi (: , {{lang-ur|) is the largest city, main seaport and financial centre of Pakistan, and the capital of the province of Sindh. With an estimated population of about 18 million, Karachi is one of the world's largest cities in terms of population, the 13th largest urban agglomeration, the 4th largest metropolitan area in the world, and the 2nd largest city within the Organisation of the Islamic Conference. It is Pakistan's premier centre of banking, industry, and trade and is home to Pakistan's largest corporations, including those involved in textiles, shipping, automotive industry, entertainment, the arts, fashion, advertising, publishing, software development and medical research. The city is a major hub of higher education in South Asia and the wider Islamic world.
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Kashmir
Kashmir (Kashmiri: कॅशीर, کٔشِیر; Dogri: कश्मीर; Ladakhi: ཀཤམིར; Balti: کشمیر; Gojri: کشمیر; Poonchi/Chibhali: کشمیر; Shina: کشمیر; Uyghur: كەشمىر) is the northwestern region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term Kashmir geographically denoted only the valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal mountain range.
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Konark
Konark ()() is a small town in Puri district of the state of Orissa, India, on the Bay of Bengal, sixty-five kilometres from Bhubaneswar.
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Lahore
Lahore ({{lang-pa|, {{lang-ur|, ) is the capital of the Pakistani province of Punjab and the second largest city in Pakistan after Karachi. The city lies along the Ravi River and is situated approximately from Wagah (the only road border crossing between India and Pakistan). Historically the main city of the undivided Punjab, Lahore has been a center of Muslim heritage since the Data Durbar is located here. It is often called the Garden of Mughals because of its rich Mughal heritage. It successively served as provincial/regional capital of the empires of the Shahi kingdoms in the 11th century, the Ghaznavids in the 12th century, the Ghurid State in the 12th and 13th century, the Mughal Empire in the 16th century, the Sikh Empire in the early 19th century, and it was the capital of the Punjab region under the British Raj in the mid 19th and early 20th century. Mughal structures such as the Badshahi Mosque, the Lahore Fort, Shalimar Gardens, and the mausolea of Jehangir and Nur Jehan are popular tourist attractions for the city. Lahore is also home to many British colonial structures built in the Mughal-Gothic style, such as the Lahore High Court, the General Post Office (GPO), the Lahore Museum, and many older universities including the University of the Punjab. Lahore is often referred to as the cultural heart of Pakistan, as it is the center of Pakistani arts, films and intelligentsia.
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Mangat
For the Article on Jat clan, see Mangat
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Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire (, ; Urdu: ; self-designation: , ), or Mogul (also Moghul) Empire in former English usage, was an Indian-Islamic power that ruled a large portion of the Indian subcontinent which began in 1526, invaded and ruled most of South Asia by the late 17th and early 18th centuries and ended in the mid-19th century.
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Pakistan
{{Infobox country
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Rawalpindi
::For the British Navy ship see HMS Rawalpindi
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Sheikhupura
Sheikhupura or Shekhupur (), formerly Kot Dayal Das () or Singhpuria (), is an industrial city in the province of Punjab slightly northwest to Lahore in Pakistan. It is known for its historical places, and is commonly known locally as Qila Shaikhupura, because of the fort in the city, constructed by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir. The name Sheikhupura is derived from a nickname of Jahangir, who was known as Sheikhu by his father Akbar the Great. The city is the headquarters of Sheikhupura District and is approximately 35 km from Lahore. The original name of Virkgarh was renamed by Jahangir.
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Shekhupura
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Sialkot
Sialkot (Punjabi, {{lang-ur|) is a city situated in the north-east of the Punjab province in Pakistan at the foothills of the snow-covered peaks of Kashmir near the Chenab river. It is the capital of Sialkot District and, formerly, it has been the winter-capital of the State of Kashmir. The city is about north-west of Lahore and only a few kilometres from Indian-controlled Jammu.
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West Punjab
West Punjab was a province of Pakistan from 1947 to 1955. The province covered an area of 160,622 km², including much of the current Punjab province and the Islamabad Capital Territory, but excluding the former princely state of Bahawalpur. The capital was the city of Lahore and the province was composed of four divisions (Lahore, Sargodha, Multan and Rawalpindi). The province was bordered by the Indian states of Punjab and Jammu and Kashmir to the east, the princely state of Bahawalpur to the south, the provinces of Balochistan and Sindh to the southwest, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa to the northwest, and Azad Kashmir to the northeast.
http://wn.com/West_Punjab
- Afghanistan
- Aftab Sherpao
- Ahla
- Anandgarh
- Anandpur
- Aurangzeb
- Ayodhya
- Azad Kashmir
- Baba Chamliyal
- Baba Mati Dev
- Babur
- Banda Bahadur
- Bhagwal
- Bhai Bachittar Singh
- Bhati
- Bhindar Kalan
- Bhoun
- Biram Dev Minhas
- British Empire
- cavalry
- Chak Malook
- Chakwal
- Chaudhary
- Chaudhry
- Chauhan
- Daroli Kalan
- Devanagari
- Dhanni
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- Dhudial
- Dogra
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- English language
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- Gadabeg Khan
- Gakhars
- Garhshankar
- Ghik
- Gujjar
- Gujranwala
- Gujrat
- Gulab Singh Dogra
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- Humayun
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- India
- Indo-Aryan people
- Islam
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- Jaipur
- Jalandhar
- Jalandhar District
- Jammu
- Jammu and Kashmir
- Jamwal
- Jat
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- Jhelum
- Jind
- Kabul
- Kachwaha
- Kahlur
- Kamra
- Kangeyal
- Kanyal
- Karachi
- Kashmir
- Katoch
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- Khalsa
- Khan (title)
- Khudadad Khan
- Konaditya
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- Lahore
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- Mahe
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- Malik
- Malnhans
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- Mangat
- Mela
- Mian
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- Ranjit Singh
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- Sangat Singh Minhas
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- Shamim Alam Khan
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- Sikh
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- Sikhism
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- Singh
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- south Punjab
- Suryavansha
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- Talukdar
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- Urdu
- Victoria Cross
- Virk
- West Punjab
Minhas, Narinder Filmography
- God Is Black (2004)
- London: The Greatest City (2004)
- Son of Mine (2005)
- The Great African Scandal (2007)
- The Slavery Business: How to Make a Million from Slavery (2005)
- The Truth About Gay Animals (2002)
- Who You Callin' a Nigger? (2004)
- (#1.1) (1999)
- Slave Nation (2001)
- (1994-10-23) (1966)
- The Trouble with Black Men (2004)
O Samba é Minha Nobreza
Album releases
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Ai minhas costelas
Não adiante fingir que nada aconteceu, que todos nos sabemos que você não tá conseguindo nem respirar.
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RASHID MINHAS SHAHEED . NISHAN-E-HAIDER
Friday, 05 August 2005 On the morning of the 20st August 1971, a young Pilot Officer, Rashid Minhas, was due to take off in his T-33 as part of a routine training exercise. It was a "complete exercise", meaning his exercise would be unaccompanied. Two of his colleagues had already had taken off, Minhas being the last to be given the go ahead. At 1126 Rashid Minhas had also received clearance for take off and so the 20 year old began taxiing into position. Before he was given final clearance for take off, he was given a signal indicating there was a mechanical error with the plane and that he must not take off. Puzzled, Minhas immediately stopped his plane, waiting for further instruction from the person who had given the signal. It was Safety Officier Muti-ur-Rehman, a senior pilot instructor who was standing by the tarmac at the time. He was several years Rashid's senior, and was someone whom Minhas held with deep respect. Minhas opened his cockpit in order to speak to the approaching Rehman. All of a sudden, Rehman pulled out a chloroform soaked handkerchief and held it over Minhas's mouth, rendering him unconscious. Minhas was not aware that Muti-ur-Rehman was planning on defecting to Mukti Bahini, a terrorist organisation that was involved in targeting West Pakistani civilians living in East Pakistan. Rehman planned on taking over the plane, and flying it to Jodhpur, India where members of India's RAW would be able to covertly assist him in joining the Mukti Bahini <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/RASHID_MINHAS_SHAHEED__NISHAN-E-HAIDER
Escrita Pelo Dedo de Deus | Thalles Roberto | Minhas Canções
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:56
- Published: 27 Jun 2011
- Uploaded: 24 Oct 2011
- Author: loucospordeus
www.loucospordeus.com Ministério Jovem | Faixa 1 do CD Minhas Canções na Voz dos Melhores | Volume 4 | Missionário RR Soares
http://wn.com/Escrita_Pelo_Dedo_de_Deus_|_Thalles_Roberto_|_Minhas_Canções
Cristina Branco - Um fado Palavras Minhas
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:23
- Published: 27 Nov 2009
- Uploaded: 16 Oct 2011
- Author: soyfantomas
Que bella canción.
http://wn.com/Cristina_Branco__Um_fado_Palavras_Minhas
Rashid Minhas (Original Voice) 1971
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:55
- Published: 27 Jun 2009
- Uploaded: 23 Oct 2011
- Author: KhurramsDesk
Courtesy Rahat Minhas: this is conversation between Pilot Officer Rashid Minhas and air control at PAF Base Masroor around 1130 am on August 20, 1971 (transcript below). Rashid's aircraft, whose call sign was 166, got hijacked and he crashed it in order to prevent its crossing into India (it was carrying only him and the hijacker). He was posthumously awarded the highest military award, Nishan-i-Haider, and this recording was broadcast in a radio documentary about him soon afterwards. A visitor ("PureHoney") has kindly provided the following transcript although some of the words may still be doubtful: 0:23 "166 is Hijacked" (Rashid Minhas Shaheed) 0:30 "166 Hijacked" (Rashid Minhas Shaheed) 0:38 "Hijacked by whom, over" (Control Tower) 0:40 "166 is Hijacked" (Rashid Minhas Shaheed) 0:42 "Hijacked by whom" (Control Tower) 0:50 "By whom, over" (Control Tower) 0:52 "166 is Hijacked" (Rashid Minhas Shaheed)
http://wn.com/Rashid_Minhas_Original_Voice_1971
Um Mundo Catita - As minhas coisas favoritas
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:47
- Published: 02 Apr 2008
- Uploaded: 19 Oct 2011
- Author: filipemelojazz
Cena Musical da mini-série de 6 episódios "Um Mundo Catita" www.mundocatita.com Realização: Filipe Melo e João Leitão
http://wn.com/Um_Mundo_Catita__As_minhas_coisas_favoritas
Interview with Rashid Minhas Shaheed's Mother 1 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:09
- Published: 25 Jul 2009
- Uploaded: 13 Oct 2011
- Author: TheRanaShaukat
O que tem nas minhas necessaires?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:24
- Published: 24 Jul 2010
- Uploaded: 31 Aug 2011
- Author: karlinhavideomaker
www.twitter.com
http://wn.com/O_que_tem_nas_minhas_necessaires?
Minhas Fraqueza - Fernanda Brum e Eyshila - Amigas Vol. 2
EU NÃO CONSIGO SER PERFEITO | MINHA ALMA VIVE A RECLAMAR DE DORES CAVANDO O MEU PEITO | SÃO PECADOS A ME MACHUCAR MAS AQUELES QUE NÃO CHORAM | CONSOLADOS NÃO SERÃO MAS QUEM CONFESSA O SEU PECADO | DE AMOR E GRAÇA É CURADO SE MINHAS FRAQUEZAS ME FAZEM CHORAR EU TENHO UM REMÉDIO QUE VAI ME CURAR É UM Deus TÃO ACIMA DO BEM E DO MAL É UM DEUS QUE ME AMA INCONDICIONAL SEUS OLHOS PENETRAM NO MEU CORAÇÃO BUSCANDO OS DETALHES DA MINHA EMOÇÃO PRA ME EXAMINAR, SARAR MINHA DOR O MELHOR REMÉDIO DO MUNDO AMOR DEUS AMA O PECADOR | PELOS SEUS BRAÇOS EU SOU ACOLHIDO DEUS NÃO SE ESQUECE DE MIM | QUANDO POR MUITOS EU SOU ESQUECIDO DEUS AMA O PECADOR | PELOS SEUS BRAÇOS EU SOU ACOLHIDO DEUS NÃO SE ESQUECE DE MIM | MESMO IMPERFEITO ME CHAMA DE AMIGO
http://wn.com/Minhas_Fraqueza__Fernanda_Brum_e_Eyshila__Amigas_Vol_2
Interview with Rashid Minhas Shaheed's Mother 2 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:52
- Published: 25 Jul 2009
- Uploaded: 03 Oct 2011
- Author: TheRanaShaukat
Caetano Veloso "Minhas Lágrimas" -- Showlivre.com
Caetano Veloso canta "Minhas Lágrimas" no Sesc Pinheiros, em São Paulo, 2006.
http://wn.com/Caetano_Veloso_Minhas_Lágrimas_-_Showlivrecom
Fundo de Quintal - Minhas Andanças
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:46
- Published: 30 Aug 2008
- Uploaded: 17 Oct 2011
- Author: wagnerpereira
Faixa 13 do cd "Seja Sambista Também", lançado em 1984. linda música. Download em: www.4shared.com
http://wn.com/Fundo_de_Quintal__Minhas_Andanças
minhas maquiagens
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:21
- Published: 20 May 2011
- Uploaded: 23 Oct 2011
- Author: jujubadocemake
jujuba-doce.blogspot.com
http://wn.com/minhas_maquiagens
André Valadão - Acontece ( CD Minhas Canções Lançamento 2010 )
André Valadão - Acontece ( CD Minhas Canções Lançamento 2010 ) Chega em setembro o novo CD de André Valadão -- Minhas Canções -- RR Soares, pela gravadora Graça Music. Mais pop do que nunca, o CD chega para romper paradigmas. Todas os canais do cantor receberam nova roupagem com a identidade deste novo trabalho do cantor. MySpace, Twitter, site, blog, youtube e ícones para outras redes sociais como Orkut.As letras das 10 canções foram escritas pelo missionário RR Soares e as músicas assinadas por André Valadão. "A primeira música do CD, "Até quando?" é uma das músicas mais lindas que já ouvi na minha vida. As letras que o missionário RR Soares escreveu são muito profundas e maduras. São letras de um ponto de vista que não tenho ainda ministerialmente, enquanto Ele, como grande homem de Deus que é e um dos maiores evangelistas do Brasil tem de sobra".Além de ser a música de trabalho do CD, "Até quando?" já ganhou gravação de vídeo-clipe que será lançado nos próximos dias. O cantor adianta que o clipe tem atores e um final surpreendente que foge dos clichês. A linha do CD traça a maturidade ea tradição do RR Soares com a irreverência e popularidade do André Valadão. "O tempo todo vamos transitar da gravata para o tênis All Star. Do violino para a guitarra pesada. O disco todo vai ter sempre essa transição muito moderna", diz. Aproveite para conferir a nova música do cantor "Até Quando: Aqui Nesse Canal Wa6gner8
http://wn.com/André_Valadão__Acontece__CD_Minhas_Canções_Lançamento_2010_
Fundo de Quintal - Minhas Andanças - Doce Refúgio
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:09
- Published: 12 Feb 2010
- Uploaded: 23 Oct 2011
- Author: italohanson0
Fundo de Quintal - Ensaio 1991.
http://wn.com/Fundo_de_Quintal__Minhas_Andanças__Doce_Refúgio
' minhas maravilhas! s2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:12
- Published: 20 Sep 2011
- Uploaded: 24 Oct 2011
- Author: taahfersoza
Minhas Fraquezas - Fernanda Brum & Eyshila - CD Amigas 2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:13
- Published: 05 Nov 2009
- Uploaded: 17 Oct 2011
- Author: Alcibiades232
Fernanda Brum & Eyshila cantam 'Minhas Fraquezas', música do CD Amigas 2 LETRA: Eu não consigo ser perfeito | minha alma vive a reclamar De dores cavando o meu peito | são pecados a me machucar Mas aqueles que não choram | consolados não serão Mas quem confessa o seu pecado | de amor e graça é curado Se minhas fraquezas me fazem chorar Eu tenho um remédio que vai me curar É um deus tão acima do bem e do mal É um deus que me ama Incondicional Seus olhos penetram no meu coração Buscando os detalhes da minha emoção Pra me examinar, sarar minha dor O melhor remédio do mundo Amor Deus ama o pecador | pelos seus braços eu sou acolhido Deus não se esquece de mim | quando por muitos eu sou esquecido Deus ama o pecador | pelos seus braços eu sou acolhido Deus não se esquece de mim | mesmo imperfeito me chama de amigo
http://wn.com/Minhas_Fraquezas__Fernanda_Brum_Eyshila__CD_Amigas_2
Minhas Sapatilhas
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:18
- Published: 15 Oct 2011
- Uploaded: 24 Oct 2011
- Author: janashabrynna
Jozyanne "eu quero a minha benção" Faixa 5 do novo cd " Eu tenho a Promessa"
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:31
- Published: 19 Feb 2009
- Uploaded: 17 Oct 2011
- Author: Mariane1903
Eu tenho a promessa - AO VIVO Faixa nº 5 - Eu quero minha benção Autor: Anderson Freire Artista / Grupo: Jozyanne Necessito tanto de uma benção | Vem Senhor e sonda o meu coração Minhas lágrimas não cansam de rolar | O meu rio de esperança desaguou Assim como Ana fez, quero fazer | O meu voto é de fé não vou falhar O meu clamor vai encontrar Teu coração | E dizer o que eu preciso Eu quero a minha bênção | Dela eu não abro mão Eu quero a minha bênção | Está doendo o coração Preciso da resposta mande um anjo vir dizer: Não precisa mais chorar Deus vai ajudar você! ...Deus vai atender você Rasgarei o céus | Tocarei em Ti Sentirás nas mãos minha lágrima cair Posso me cansar... Mas não vou calar a minha voz Enquanto a minha bênção não chegar
http://wn.com/Jozyanne_eu_quero_a_minha_benção_Faixa_5_do_novo_cd__Eu_tenho_a_Promessa
Paulo Sérgio - minhas qualidades meus defeitos
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:31
- Published: 01 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 14 Oct 2011
- Author: Daniela4710
Minhas coisas - Vanessa Rozan, maquiadora do Esquadrão da Moda
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:19
- Published: 10 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 13 Oct 2011
- Author: REVISTAGALILEU
Vanessa Rozan foi maquiadora da marca MAC, já fez o make de celebridades como Naomi Campbell e Maria Rita e agora está na versão brasileira do programa Esquadrão da Moda. Ela abre sua casa para a equipe da Revista Galileu e ainda dá dicas de maquiagem.
http://wn.com/Minhas_coisas__Vanessa_Rozan,_maquiadora_do_Esquadrão_da_Moda
Minha Juventude - Mr. Gyn (versão The Sims 2)
Assistam segunda parte aqui: www.youtube.com Video feito com: The sims 2 The sims 2 Vida Noturna The sims 2 Aberto para negocios The Sims 2 Bichos de Estimação The Sims 2 Quatro estações Coleções de objetos: The Sims 2 Diversão em Familia The Sims 2 Glamour E muitos downloads Agradeço aos vários comentários e elogios sobre esse video!
http://wn.com/Minha_Juventude__Mr_Gyn_versão_The_Sims_2
luiz de carvalho, minhas preferidas
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:52
- Published: 29 Sep 2008
- Uploaded: 21 Oct 2011
- Author: marcosatonioferreira
Luiz de Carvalho CD " Alvo mais que a neve" Músicas: Porque ele Vive e Há um País.
http://wn.com/luiz_de_carvalho,_minhas_preferidas
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Saeed Minhas Resident Editor of The Daily Times Pakistan Fired on Charges of Blackmailing
25 Oct 2011
GroundReport
It is heartening to share that the usual holy cows of the press and media world can also be held...
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Frank Thomas Big Hurt beer being made by Minhas
19 Aug 2011
The Examiner
Two short weeks ago we heard the news that there would be a new beer to carry the likeness of future Hall-of-Famer Frank Thomas. Regular news outlets were content to just print the press release claiming this Big Hurt Beer would be "light and crisp" and would yet pack 7% alcohol by volume. But here...
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Minha Biblioteca Publisher Consortium Selects Ingram’s Vital Source for e-Textbook Distribution and Support
20 Jul 2011
redOrbit
Brazilian publishers select Ingram's Vital Source for e-textbook support. Nashville, TN (PRWEB) July 19, 2011 Vital Source Technologies, Inc., Ingram Content Group’s leading e-textbook solution for publishers, academic institutions, and students, today announced an agreement with Minha...
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Minha Biblioteca Publisher Consortium Selects Ingram's Vital Source for e-Textbook Distribution and Support
19 Jul 2011
Yahoo Daily News
Brazilian publishers select Ingram's Vital Source for e-textbook support. Nashville, TN (PRWEB) July 19, 2011 Vital Source Technologies, Inc., Ingram Content Group’s leading e-textbook solution for publishers, academic institutions, and students, today announced an agreement with Minha...
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Child Book 'Verdades Da Minha Terra' Presented
30 May 2011
Canada Newswire
CALGARY, Dec. 2 /CNW/ - Ravinder and his sister Manjit Minhas formally announced today that they are unable to make a new brewery in Hamilton a reality. "I am saddened to have to tell my friends in Hamilton and Ontario that it is not economically viable to start from scratch on a new brewery at this...
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PAU looks for Minhas's replacement
21 Sep 2010
Indian Express
After the unceremonious exit of its former Director of Research, Dr P S Minhas, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU) is looking for a suitable candidate for the post. The registrar, PAU has issued an advertisement for 20 vacant posts and the post of...
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Stockhouse
CALGARY - Calgary-based Minhas Creek Brewing says Labatt has rejected its offer to buy the assets of the Lakeport Brewery in Hamilton....
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{{ethnic group|
|group= Minhas Rajputs
|image= Native Region of Minhas Rajputs
|poptime =
|popplace=
|regions = • (Punjab, Jammu, Himachal) • (Punjab, Azad Kashmir)
|langs = • Pahari • Dogri • Punjabi • Hindi • English
|rels= • Hinduism • Islam • Sikhism
|related= • Indo-Aryan people • Rajputs • Muslim Rajputs • Sikh Rajputs • Punjabi Rajputs • Pahari Rajput
}}
Maharaja: This title was adopted by Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu after he annexed Kashmir and Ladakh and became the ruler of the state of Jammu & Kashmir. He was also accepted as the chief by all the Jamwal and Minhas Rajputs.
Raja: Most members of the Minhas tribe including Muslims, Hindus and Sikhs use the title 'Raja' as this title was used by most of the Rajput rulers from ancient times.
Rana: Rana is a princely title of Royalty. Muslim Minhas Rajputs in Pakistan mainly in Lahore, Sheikhupura, Gujranwala and Sialkot use the title of Rana.
Khan: Muslim Mair Minhas Rajput use the title of Khan. Raja Bhagir Dev was named Muhammed Mair after conversion to Islam and his descendants as Mair-Minhas Rajputs. Most of Muslim Mair Minhas use the title of Khan.
Mian: This title was conferred upon the 'Punjab Hill Chiefs' by the Mughal King, Jhangir and was used by most of the Rajput tribes in the Punjab Hills for many centuries. The elder brother was called Raja, whereas his younger brothers were called Mian. Lately, the Rajputs have decided to use 'Thakur' instead of this Mughal title.
Thakur: Hindu Minhas Rajputs in eastern Punjab hills used this Rajput title also. A joint assembly of all the hill Rajputs also approved a resolution in 1936 and decided to use the title Thakur instead of Mian.
Kunwar: This title is used by the younger Hindu Minhas Rajputs to signify that their father Thakur the senior head of the household is still alive.
Chaudhry: This title was conferred upon the Muslim Minhas Rajputs by the Mughal King, Zaheerudin Babur. However, during Maharaja Ranjeet Singh's era, the title lost its exclusivity as the Maharaja gave this title to all the village-heads around Punjab.
Sardar: This title is manily used by the Sikh Minhas Rajputs. However, lately some Muslim Minhas Rajput clans in Azad Jammu & Kashmir and Punjab Sialkot & Chakwal have also started using this title due to various reasons.
Rai: There is also a considerable population of Minhas families in Sialkot in the districts of Rangpura and Heerawalapura. They are descendants of Rai Luckoo Minhas.
Singh: The title Singh used by the Hindu and Sikh Minhas Rajputs while Muslim Minhas Rajputs use Khan.
Pakhral : This is not used as a title but The People of Minhas Tribe living in Pothohar Plateau are termed as Pakhral Rajput
Malik : This title is used mostly by the Muslim Minhas living in district Kotli and Mirpur of Azad Kashmir. Shahid Malik, the first Muslim Briton minister and Malik Muhammad Nawaz, the senior minister of Azad Kashmir are also belonged to Minhas Rajputs.
Rashid Minhas - Awarded Pakistan's top military honour, the Nishan-E-Haider, and became the youngest man and the only member of the Pakistan Air Force to win this award.
General Muhammed Akbar Khan - He was the first Muslim from the South Asia to become a General in British Indian Army and at the time of independence of Pakistan, he was the most senior Muslim General and he was allotted the number one by the Pakistan Army. He also served as the first ADC of the Quaid-e-Azam, Muhammed Ali Jinnah.
Raja Moin Sikander Minhas - Vice President Pakistan Youth Organization Gujjar Khan.
Dr Abdul Hafeez Minhas - Chairman Zakat committee Jhelum, also social and political worker.
Category:Rajput clans of Punjab
Category:Khatri clans
Minhas or Manhas or Minhas-Dogra (Punjabi: मिन्हास (Devanagari), ਮਿਨਹਾਸ (Gurmukhi), (Urdu)) is a Suryavanshi Rajput clan from the Punjab region and Jammu & Kashmir in India and Pakistan. It is an off-shoot of Jamwal-Dogra Rajputs, the founders of the city and state of Jammu and its rulers from ancient times to 1948 CE. In antiquity of rule, which is generally considered a benchmark of royalty, they are second to none, but the great Katoch Rajputs of Trigarta and Kangra. Paying tribute to the antiquity of their royal lineage, Sir Lepel Griffin says, “These royal dynasties may have been already ancient when Moses was leading the Israelites out of Egypt, and the Greeks were steering their swift ships to Troy.”
Minhas Rajputs are spread throughout Punjab Region and Jammu & Kashmir in India and Pakistan. Hindu Minhas Rajputs reside in the Indian states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh and Indian Punjab, Sikh Minhas Rajputs, mainly inhabit Punjab (India) and Muslim Minhas Rajputs reside in Pakistani Punjab and Pakistan controlled Kashmir.
Origins
Sun Temple. Konark in Orissa, India is famous for its Sun Temple.The idol worshipped inside the temple represents Konaditya, literally Kon+Aditya (the Sun in a particular direction).]]Minhas Rajputs are Suryavanshis and claim descent from Rama a legendary king of Ayodhya. In Rajputana, their closest cousins are the Kachwaha and Raghav (Raghuvanshi) Rajputs of Jaipur.
They trace their ancestry to the Suryavansha dynasty of Northern India (The same clan in which Lord Rama was born. He, therefore is the 'kuldevta' (family deity) of the Hindu Minhas Rajputs). Specifically, they claim descent from Kusha younger of the twin sons of Ram who belongs to Raghav (Raghuvanshi) clan of Suryavansha, hero of the Ramayana.
A Raghuvanshi descendant of Raja Kusha, 'Agnigarba' who was living as a recluse, came to Nagarkote (Kangra, Himachal Pradesh), in the Shivalik hills. When the Raja of Kangra came to know about this person's ancestry, he offered him the hand of his daughter and a part of kingdom. The river Ravi was then the boundary of Nagarkote. Agnigarba crossed it and captured some villages in the Kathua area and declared himself as sovereign king. After his death, his son Bayusharva (500-530 BCE) married the princess of Parole (Kathua). The princess was known as Erwan and she died young.
The Raja founded a city after her which is still found near Parole, though now a small village and at the 'Samadhi' of the queen, a `Mela' (fair) is held at every `Baisakhi' (13th or 14 April) every year. Bayusharva extended the boundaries up to the river Ujh. Bayusharva's great grandson, Bahulochan was enthroned after his death. He migrated from Erwan and built his fort on the banks of river Tawi.
Raja Bahulochan died in a bloody battle with Chadaras, Raja of Sialkot (Shayalkot) and his younger brother Jambulochan (290-320 BCE) ascended the throne. In those days the area beyond Tawi (the present city of Jammu) was used for hunting. Tradition has it that one day Jambulochan came to this area and while he was sitting behind a bush to ambush some bird or animal, he saw a lion ( a tiger in some accounts ) and a goat drinking water from the same pond. This peaceful coexistence encouraged him to found the city of Jammu, which some say is named after him.
One of his descendants, Raja Shaktikaran (177-200 BCE) introduced the Dogri Script for the first time. Another of his descendants, Jasdev founded the city of Jasrota on the bank of river Ujh, and another Raja, Karan Dev built a fort on the banks of the river Basantar. In the early centuries of the first millennium the area came under the sway of the Indo-Greeks, with their capital at Sakala (Sialkot).
His later descendants, the Dogras ruled over the state for hundreds of years till 1948 CE, when the state of Jammu and Kashmir officially acceded to India. Maharaja Hari Singh Dogra was the last in the long list of the Dogra rulers of Jammu. The Dogras also ruled over the Kashmir Valley for three brief terms, twice for short periods around 1000 CE and one last time when Maharaja Gulab Singh Dogra became the Maharaja of Kashmir after the fall of the Sikh Kingdom of Punjab following the Second Anglo-Sikh War in 1849 CE.
Minhas History
The Minhas and Bhatti Rajput clans were extremely powerful during the time of the Hindu Shahi dynasty of Kabul and ruled over many small kingdoms extending from eastern Afghanistan through the Jammu/Sialkot areas of West Punjab and up to the Jalandhar/Kangra area of eastern Punjab. According to Farishta, during the second battle of Tarain between Prithviraj Chauhan and Mohammad Ghori in 1192, Chauhan's left flank consisted of Hindu Pathan cavalry. It is said that this Hindu Pathan cavalry was led by a minhas raja from the northwest.A famous Manhas/Minhas in history was Baba Chamliyal also called Duleep Singh Minhas, a warrior saint, whose Samādhi (place of cremation) is still visited by hundreds and thousands of Pakistanis and Indians each year in the month of June. The Mela (fair) which is held in honour of Baba Chamliyal, was celebrated for the 317th time on Thursday, June 22, 2006 as the man-made boundary between India and Pakistan lost its importance momentarily and people from both sides participated in the mela with vigour.
Banda Bahadur, the famous disciple of Guru Gobind Singh who was the tenth Sikh Guru and the founder of the Khalsa Brotherhood, was born into a Minhas Rajput family in Rajouri in the Jammu region. Banda Bahadur was an accomplished warrior-general, who almost destroyed Mughal presence in eastern Punjab and arguably created the first Sikh State.
Etymology
Manhas and Jamwal Rajputs
All the descendants of Raja Jambu Lochan were called Jamwal Rajputs, until according to tradition, Raja Malan Hans Dev(while on a hunting trip)was tricked by his brother to help a poor old farmer working under hot sun with ploughing. In those days the stigma of touching a plough was so great for Rajputs, that Raja Malan had to immediately give up the kingship and take up agriculture as a profession and his throne passed to his cunning younger brother, Raja Suraj Hans Dev. Rajputs in general and those in the Punjab hills in particular have had a strong prejudice against taking up agriculture as a profession and therefore Raja Malan Hans and his descendants were styled Minhas.Malan Hans ===> Manhans===> Manhas
Since that time anyone in the Jamwal clan who took up agriculture or converted to Islam was called Minhas whereas the name Jamwal has been confined to the royal branch including the Maharajas of Jammu and Kashmir.
Royal Titles used by the Minhas Rajputs
Muslim Minhas Rajputs
Khudadad Khan was awarded Victoria Cross, the first native South Asian to receive this honour]] Muslim Minhas Rajputs mainly reside in Pakistani Punjab and Pakistan Administered Kashmir. Prior to partition, the districts of Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur and Gurdaspur were home to a large number of Muslim Minhas. In what became Pakistani territory, they were and are found in numbers in Jhelum, Gujrat, Sialkot and Rawalpindi districts, which all bordered Jammu and Kashmir. The Mair Minhas, are found in Chakwal District, Raja Minhas mainly found in Jhelum district and Azad Kashmir, Nagyal are found in Daultala, Gujar Khan and the Manes and Lodhra branches were found in south Punjab. In Sialkot and East Punjab Minhas used Mian as a title, and so do the Manes and Lodhra in South Punjab while many Minhas in Lahore, Sialkot and Shekhupura use Rana as a title. The Mair Minhas use Chaudhary and Khan as a title, while the Gujrat and Potohar Minhas use Raja as a title. Minhas Rajput clans in Pakistan Administered Kashmir use Sardar as a title.Muslim Minhas Rajputs are recognised in history as the warrior aristocracy. They were designated by the British as a Martial Race and recruited into the Imperial Army. Muslim Minhas are naturally engaged in the Pakistani military in strong numbers. They have been referred to as the most Valiant Warriors of Punjab. Their warlike nature and dominant rule of their territories against other tribes earned them a powerful reputation in upper Punjab and the Valley of Kashmir. The city of Chakwal is named after a Minhas chief, Chaudhry Chaku Khan and his decedents remained the Taluqdars of Dhanni(present day Tehsil Chakwal) till Punjab was annexed by the British after the Second Anglo Sikh War in 1849.
Mair-Minhas of Chakwal
In Chakwal, the Minhas Rajputs are called "Mair" مائر or "Mair-Minhas" مائر- منهاس (also spelt Maair) after their ancestor, Raja Mair, a Jamwal prince who converted to Islam in 1190 CE. According to the legend, Raja Mair (whose name before conversion was Raja Bhagir Dev) was son of the Raja of Jammu and had come to the Dhanni area (present day Chakwal) for hunting. He fell in love with a local Muslim woman of Gujjar tribe, converted to Islam and married her. According to the Glossary of Punjab Castes, the Taluqdars belonging to Mair-Minhas مائر- منهاس tribes of the Dhanni (present-day Chakwal District) were among the first few to receive the honorific title of "Chowdhury" from the Mughal Emperor Zaheer uddin Babur. Later during the Sikh rule in Punjab, when the title of "Chowdhury" became common and quite a few village headmen or "Numberdars" were given the same title by Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the Chowdhurys of Chakwal styled themselves as "Chowdhurial" to distinguish from the newly appointed men.
According to the census of 1931, their male population was 7800. The 'Chaudhrials' or the Talukdars reside in Kot Sarfraz Khan and Kot Choudrian while rest of the Chaudhrys live in Behkri, Dhudial, Badsahan, Bhoun,Mohra Kudlathi, Murid, Punjain Shariff, Sarkal-Mair, Udhwal, Chakral, Oudherwal,Dab, Mohra Sheikhan, Mohra Korechisham, Kotha Abdal, Chatal, Sutwal, Karhan, Chak Malook, Chak Norang, Bhagwal,and Lehri panjgrain and many others villages around the tehsil. Some Mair families of the same tribe/origin are also settled in Ahla, Mangat and Bhindar Kalan villages of Mandi Bahauddin District.
The city of Chakwal is named after their Chief, Chaku Khan whose father, Raja Sidhar ruled the area at the time of Mughal King Babar's invasion. The Mughal emperor Zaheerudin Babur conferred upon Raja Sidhar, the title of Chaudhry and made him the Taluqdar (area administrator) over 84 villages of the Dhani country, which since then has been known as Dhan 84. The Mair-Minhas tribe rose to further prominence during the short rule of Sher Shah Suri who handed them the control over the adjoining territories, as far as Swan River in Potohar and Kahoon in the South.
However, after the Mughal King Humayun returned to India with the help of the Persians, he handed over the entire Potohar including Dhani to the Gakhars, who had helped him escape from India during Sher Shah's revolt.
As written in the History of the Gakhars, "Kaigor Nama", the Mair-Minhas tribe proved to be notorious subjects for the Gakhars and almost never paid their revenue, killed the Ghakkar 'kardars' repeatedly and escaped in the mountains whenever military operations were launched against them. Sir Denzil Ibbetson in his Punjab census report of 1881 describes them as " ever masterful and always retaining their independence in a singular degree."
The Mair-Minhas tribe again rose to power after King Aurangzeb's death. They had supported his son Moazzam in his quest for power and in return he re-appointed their chief Gadabeg Khan as the Taluqdar and Chaudhry of 'Dhan Chaurasi'. Their rule over Dhani continued during the Sikh era as one of their chiefs Chaudhry Ghulam Mehdi had invited Sardar Maha Singh to this side of river Jhellum. Also, their Dogra cousins Raja Gulab Singh and Dhian Singh were very powerful in the Lahore Durbar, so the influence of Chakwal Chaudhrials during the Sikh era was considerable and they were considered one of the biggest Muslim land holders of the era.
It was during that era that the Dhani breed of horses became very popular and even Maharaja Ranjeet Singh's personal horses were kept in the stables of the 'Chakwal Chaudhials'.
In the Second Anglo-Sikh War at Chaillianwala in 1849, the Chakwal Chaudhrials were among the very few Muslim feudal families who supported the Sikhs. Consequently, after the defeat of the Sikhs all Jagirs and titles of the 'Chakwal Chaudhrials' were confiscated. As a result they lost proprietary rights over of cultivated land which they had colonised and owned for many centuries.
Due to their general good conduct in the mutiny of 1857, some of their rights were restored and small Jagirs were granted to their chiefs in Chakwal. Chief of the tribe Jehan Khan and later his son Aurangzeb Khan were conferred an 'inam' of Rs.312/- per annum and the title of "Raja Sahib" as a mark of hereditary distinction. The Chaudhrials of Kot Chaudhrian were able to get more concessions with the aid of Maharaja Gulab Singh and almost half of their original lands were re-granted.
Other Minhas Clans
The Mair-Minhas tribe is almost entirely confined to the Chakwal District. However, besides Chakwal, there are a quite a few other Minhas (other than Mair-Minhas) villages scattered all over the province including the famous villages of Sagri, chapper, Shohwa (known in area as Karkan Shohwa) near Rawalpindi, Sihala in Islamabad, Gujar Khan, Kahuta, Sargodha and Faisalabad. Among the other Minhas clans include the Kanyal, Ghik and Nagyal.
Martial Traditions and Top Military Awards
, awarded for exceptional valour "in the face of the enemy".]] is the highest military award given by Pakistan.]] The Mair Minhas tribe has a long martial tradition which has continued into modern times. Muslim Minhas Rajputs, being recognised in history as the warrior aristocracy, prior to this they were designated by the British Empire as a Martial Race and recruited into the Imperial Army.Some of the most respected officers of the Pakistan Army including its first General, PA 1, Muhammed Akbar Khan(Order of the British Empire), PA 2 General Muhammad Iftikhar Khan(designated to become the first C-in-C, but died in an aircrash), PA 12 Brig.General Muhammed Zafar(first Indian to become Commander of Cavalary) and PA 48 General Muhammad Anwar Khan (Pakistan's first E-in-C) all hail from this clan. General Anwar is considered the father of Pakistan's Corps of Engineers, and also served as Chairman OGDC.
Members of Muslim Minhas tribe have the honour of receiving top military awards both in British India and in Pakistan. Subaidar Khudadad Khan was awarded Victoria Cross, the first native Indian to receive this honour and Rashid Minhas was awarded Pakistan's top military honour, the Nishan-E-Haider. He was also the youngest man and the only member of the Pakistan Air Force to win this coveted award. The Pakistan Air Force base at Kamra has been renamed in his honour.
Rashid Minhas was posthumously awarded Pakistan's top military honour, the Nishan-E-Haider, and became the youngest man and the only member of the Pakistan Air Force to win the award. He also became a national hero. The Pakistan Air Force base at Kamra has been renamed in his honour. In Karachi he was honored by naming main street, Rashid Minhas Road
Politics and Civil-Public Services
Khan Bahadur Raja Sahib, Chaudhry Aurangzeb Khan of Chakwal was a famous Mair-Minhas Rajput during the British era. In 1892 CE he was given the title of Khan Bahadur for his services in establishing the town of Lyallpur (now Faisalabad). He was also conferred upon the title of 'Raja Sahib' as a mark of hereditary distinction by Qaiser-e-Hind, His Majesty, King George V. His son, Raja Muhammed Sarfraz Khan (MLA 1929-58) played an important role in the local politics during Pakistan Movement. He was also instrumental in the educational progress of the region, and gave generous donations to set up schools and the Government College, Chakwal in 1949.Raja Hukamdad Khan (1950s Vice Chairman, District Board Rawalpindi) from village Sagri was a prominent figure of pothoharregion. Who gave generous donations to built schools and for the welfare of a common man.
Another notable and one of the most prominent families in Rawalpindi, having very strong political, bureaucratic and military background is from Gujar Khan District Rawalpindi. This family has seen many shining names like Khan Sahab Bahadur Subaidar Raja Muhammad Nazar Khan (Viceroy Commissioned Officer and a strong landlord), Col. Raja Muhammad Ashraf Khan (Chairman District Board Rawalpindi, Member National Assembly & Member Provincial Assembly), Major General Retd. Raja Muhammad Aslam (Late) and Raja Pervez Ashraf (Member National Assembly and General Secretary Pakistan People's Party Parliamentarian - Present). Raja Pervaiz Ashraf is currently the federal Minister for Water and Power.
In the education field, we cannot forget the well known educationist Raja Abdul Rauf Minhas (1933–1998) who retired as a Deputy Director of Federal Government Educational Institutions (Cantt-Garrison) in 1993. He belonged to the Village Taraiya of the Pakhral Minhas Rajput family of Rawalpindi. One of the only two asians in the institution, Raja Abdul Rauf Minhas obtained "Roll of Honour" from The University of Southampton, United Kingdom along with being a Gold-Medalist and top position holder in the University of Punjab, Pakistan. He had the distinction of being the first learned person of his village and among the very few well educated person of Minhas family in his era. Raja Abdul Rauf Minhas served as a Principal in F.G. Schools in Murree, Okara, Attock, Rawalpindi, Kharian etc. In the sixties, He also served as a Professor of Mathematics in the renowned Lawrence College Ghora Gali, Murree, where he was a teacher to known personalities like Mir Zafarullah Khan Jamali, Aftab Sherpao, Sardar Sadiq, CGCSC General Shamim Alam Khan etc to name a few. During his tenure as a Principal of various intitutions, He was awarded the "BEST PRINCIPAL" award twice by Prime Ministers of Pakistan. He has a younger brother, Raja Abdul Latif Minhas, who retired as a senior Doctor of Fauji Foundation Hospital, Rawalpindi. It is also pertinent to mention that the renowned "Sohan" Village (Islamabad Highway) and "Misrial Road" of Rawalpindi (Now Capt. Jonaid Shaheed Road) was actually named after one of the elders of his family.
Sikh Minhas Rajputs
Minhas Villages in Punjab (India)
Anshupal & Baba Mati Dev, both grandsons of Biram Dev Minhas, a commander with first Mughal emperor, Babar established the Minhas clan villages of Daroli Kalan, Droli Khurd, Damunda, Padhiana & Paldi in East Punjab around the year 1530. Almost all these villages are located approximately seven kilometres from the town of Adampur except the village of Paldi and Dughe, which is in the Garhshankar Teshil in the Hoshiarpur District. The villages of Manko and Rajowal adjacent to Droli Kalan are inhabited by the Dhillon, Nijjar and Sandhu Jat clans. The villages of Dughe and areas of the Hoshiarpur District were settled by the Minhas-Dogras(see family tree : http://www.dogra.net ) that trace their ancestry to Kaliash in the late 16th century.The village of Haripur which is just 2.5 kilometres from Adampur, also initially belonged to Haria Singh Minhas of the village of Damunda (the birthplace of world famous economist Professor Bagicha Singh Minhas recipient of the Padma Bhushan in 2003). This village was however surrendered, because of the criminal charges brought up against Haria Singh of molesting labourer women, on the direction of Lehna Singh Majithia, the in charge of Droli Kalan during the reign of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Today, although the owners of lands in these villages are mostly Jats because of the enforcement of new Land Laws by the British in the year 1920, the land revenue record even today stands in the name of the Minhas Rajputs of Droli, Padhiana & Damunda.
Minhas Rajputs in Sikh History
The first Doaba Rajput to join the army of Guru Gobind Singh was Sangat Singh Minhas of Padhiana in the Jalandhar district, who joined the Guru’s forces with his two brothers and many other Rajput chiefs. A few months later, the Subedar(Governor) of Lahore sent a small group of armed men to collect tax dues from the Rajput Hill Chiefs in whose territory, Anandpur was located under the command of Alaf Khan. The chiefs asked Guru Gobind for help.Guru Gobind Singh agreed to send a small band under the command of Sangat Singh Minhas. Sangat Singh defeated Alaf Khan’s army. After this, the Lahore governor, sent his own son with a force to solve the matter once and for all. First of all, he defeated Raja Bhim Singh of Kahlur and collected the taxes. After that, he attacked Raja Vikram Singh Walia of the Guler State. Raja Vikram Singh turned to Guru Gobind Singh for help.Again, Guru Gobind sent another jatha under the command of Sangat Singh Minhas to help Vikram Singh. Vikram Singh and Sangat Singh fought together against the Mughal forces and defeated them again but Sangat Singh got fatally wounded and died.
This war happened in Vikrami Samvat, 1748. After this, there was peace for the next eight years. During this period, Guru Gobind Singh kept on training his army to ward off any attack by the Mughals. Meanwhile, Bhai Bachittar Singh Minhas of Padhiana in the Jalandhar district joined the army along with a large group of Doaba Rajputs.
Anandpur and the state of Kahlur were neighbouring states. Raja Bhim Chand of Kahlur got fearful because of the growing power of Guru Gobind Singh and his forces. He called upon all Hill Rajput chiefs to wage a war against the Guru. As a result of this meeting, the chiefs walked to Anandpur and gave a notice to Guru Gobind Singh to leave the town because they are feeling insecure due to his presence in the area. They told him that if he would leave Anandpur Sahib, they would help him. Guru Gobind refused to leave Anandpur Sahib at any cost.
The Hill Chiefs had army of almost 20,000 men and on top of this, Mughal forces from Lahore and Sirhind joined them. Guru Gobind Singh had only 2000 men under the command of Bhai Bachittar Singh Minhas. The battle between the Guru's forces and those of the hill chiefs started and soon, the stocks of food in Anandpur ran out.
The chiefs attacked the fort of Anandgarh and tried to break its main gate. Bhai Bachittar Singh managed to prevent them from entering the fort. Guru Gobind's army was nearly decimated. Due to this great loss, the Guru was commanded by the "Panj Piyaras" (the Five Beloved) to leave Anandpur Sahib, so as to carry forward the larger cause of fight against the oppressive Mughal regime. From here, the Guru went towards the Nabha and Jind states during Vikrami Samvat 1763, Bhai Bachittar Singh and another Doaba Rajput, Kharak Singh Minhas assisted Guru Gobind Singh in many of his future campaigns. After Guru Gobind Singh’s death, Banda Bahadur took over the torch of the Khalsa to fight against Mughal oppression. Banda reorganised the Khalsa Army and declared a war against the Mughal administration. From the Doaba region, he got help from Sikh Rajputs , Banda won almost half of the province and he offered Jagirs to his army commanders including the Rajputs, whose heirs are still holding their forts in the villages Chukhiara, Bhungarni, Dihana and Bohan.
Minhas as Jatt Gotra
Virk, Malnhans, Kangeyal, Pakhral, Rehsi, Lodhra, Mahe, Mair, & Katwar are also sub-branches of the Minhas.Before 1932, in all census, most Virks mention themselves as Virk Minhas. They claim origin from Malnhans. The headquarter of the Virks appears to be Gujranwala and Lahore districts, especially, the former in which they own 132 villages. They claim origin from a Minhas Rajput called Virk, who left Jammu and setteld at Ghuchli in Amritsar, and in Gujranwala. Nearly a third of them have returned themselves as Rajputs, but they marry freely with the neighboring Jat tribes. They say that their ancestor, Virk, had descended from Malnhans, the founder of the Manhas or Minhas tribe of Rajputs and was connected with the Rajas of Jammu. Leaving Paragowal(Raja parago minhas is the founder of paragowal) in Jammu, he settled in Amritsar and married a Gill Jat girl. His descedent, shortly afterwards, moved westward into Gujranwala. There are three main sections of the tribe, the Jopur, Vachra, and Jan. The tribes rose to some political importance about the end of the last century, ruling a considerable tract in Gujranwala and Lahore, till subdued by Ranjit Singh. One branch of Minhas Rajputs is known as Pakhral, mostly settled in the suburbs of Rawalpindi and different parts of Kashmir. Minhas Jats also reside in the villages of Mair, Chotala, Nagayal and suburbs of Jhelum. There are many other villages of Minhas Jats in the Pothohar region. They are proud to be known as Jats. Pakhrals are also setteled in Suiyan Sharif Sehnsa Kotli (Azad) Kashmir. Mair Minhas, Ratiyal, Lodhra, Dolchial, etc. are also sub-castes of Pakhral.
Prominent Minhas Personalities
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