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1997
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Adam Irigoyen
http://wn.com/Adam_Irigoyen -
Ahmad Tejan Kabbah
Alhaji Ahmad Tejan Kabbah (born February 16, 1932) was the 3rd President of Sierra Leone, serving from 1996 to 1997 and from 1998 to 2007.
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Alan Moore
Alan Moore (born 18 November 1953) is an English writer primarily known for his work in comic books, a medium where he has produced a number of critically acclaimed and popular series, including Watchmen, V for Vendetta, and From Hell. Frequently described as the best comic writer in history, he has also been described as "one of the most important British writers of the last fifty years". He has occasionally used such pseudonyms as Curt Vile, Jill de Ray, and Translucia Baboon.
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Alex Wolff
Alexander Draper "Alex" Wolff (born November 1, 1997) is an American child actor and musician best known for his role as himself on the Nickelodeon series The Naked Brothers Band, also starring his older brother, Nat Wolff; the series was created by the boys' mother, Polly Draper. He also guest starred on Monk in the episode Mr. Monk Goes Camping.
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Alexandra Danilova
Aleksandra Dionisyevna Danilova (Russian: Александра Дионисьевна Данилова) (November 20, 1903–July 13, 1997) was a Russian-born prima ballerina who became an American citizen.
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Alfred Hershey
Alfred Day Hershey (December 4, 1908 – May 22, 1997) was an American Nobel Prize-winning bacteriologist and geneticist.
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Allen Ginsberg
Irwin Allen Ginsberg (; June 3, 1926 – April 5, 1997) was an American poet who vigorously opposed militarism, materialism and sexual repression. In the 1950s, Ginsberg was a leading figure of the Beat Generation, an anarchic group of young men and women who joined poetry, song, sex, wine and illicit drugs with passionate political ideas that championed personal freedoms. Ginsberg's epic poem Howl, in which he celebrates his fellow "angel-headed hipsters" and excoriates what he saw as the destructive forces of capitalism and conformity in the United States, is one of the classic poems of the Beat Generation The poem, dedicated to writer Carl Solomon, has a memorable opening:
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Amie Comeaux
Amie Noelle Comeaux (surname ) (December 4, 1976 in Brusly, Louisiana – December 21, 1997 in Lacombe, Louisiana) was an American country music singer who gained fame in her teens. Her debut album, Moving Out, was released on Polydor Records in 1994, and it produced the single "Who's She to You", a #64 on the Billboard country charts. Two posthumous albums, A Very Special Angel and Memories Left Behind, were issued in 1998 and 2007, respectively.
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Andrew Cunanan
Andrew Phillip Cunanan (August 31, 1969 – July 23, 1997) was an American serial killer who murdered at least five people, including fashion designer Gianni Versace, during a three-month period in 1997, ending with Cunanan's suicide, at age 27. On June 12, 1997, Cunanan became the 449th fugitive to be listed by the FBI on the FBI Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list.
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Andy Green
Wing Commander Andy D. Green OBE BA RAF (born 30 July 1962) is a British Royal Air Force pilot and World Land Speed Record holder.
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Anton Szandor LaVey
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Arthur Tracy
Arthur Tracy (25 June 1899 - 5 October 1997) was an American vocalist, billed as The Street Singer. His performances in theatre, films and radio, along with his recordings, brought him international fame in the 1930s. Late evening radio listeners tuned in to hear announcer David Ross' introduction ("Round the corner and down your way comes The Street Singer") and Tracy's familiar theme song, "Marta, Rambling Rose of the Wildwood."
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Asa Butterfield
Asa Butterfield (born 1 April 1997) is an English actor, best known for his role in the Holocaust film The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas (2008) and for his role as Norman in the 2010 film Nanny McPhee and the Big Bang.
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Audra Lindley
Audra Marie Lindley (September 24, 1918 – October 16, 1997) was an American actress, most famous for her role as landlady Helen Roper on the sitcom ''Three's Company and its spin-off, The Ropers''.
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Bao Dai
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Baroness Seear
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Bella Thorne
Annabella Avery "Bella" Thorne (born October 8, 1997) is an American actress and model.
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Ben Hogan
William Ben Hogan (August 13, 1912 – July 25, 1997) was an American golfer, and is generally considered one of the greatest golfers in the history of the game. Born within six months of two other acknowledged golf greats of the twentieth century, Sam Snead and Byron Nelson, Hogan is notable for his profound influence on the golf swing theory and his legendary ball-striking ability, for which he remains renowned among players and fans. His life is depicted in the biographical film Follow the Sun (1951).
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Bert Haanstra
Bert Haanstra (31 May 1916 – 23 October 1997) was a Dutch film and documentary director.
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Bertie Ahern
Patrick Bartholomew "Bertie" Ahern (born 12 September 1951) is an Irish politician who served as Taoiseach (prime minister) of Ireland from 26 June 1997 to 7 May 2008.
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Bill Clinton
William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton (born William Jefferson Blythe III, August 19, 1946) is the former 42nd President of the United States and served from 1993 to 2001. At 46 he was the third-youngest president. He became president at the end of the Cold War, and was the first baby boomer president. His wife, Hillary Rodham Clinton, is currently the United States Secretary of State. Each received a Juris Doctor (J.D.) from Yale Law School.
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Billy Bremner
William John "Billy" Bremner (9 December 1942 – 7 December 1997) was a Scottish professional footballer, most noted for his captaincy of the Leeds United team of the 1960s and 1970s. He has since been voted Leeds United's greatest player of all time and has a statue outside the South East corner of Elland Road. He has also been included in the Football League 100 Legends and is a member of the English Football Hall of Fame. Bremner was also voted into the Scottish Football Hall of Fame as one of its first inductees in 2004, and is on the Scotland national football team roll of honour due to having won more than 50 caps for Scotland.
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Billy Crystal
William Edward "Billy" Crystal (born March 14, 1948) is an American actor, writer, producer, comedian and film director. He gained prominence in the 1970s for playing Jodie Dallas on the ABC sitcom Soap and became a Hollywood film star during the late 1980s and 1990s, appearing in the critical and box office successes When Harry Met Sally... and City Slickers. Additionally, he has hosted the Academy Awards eight times.
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Bo Widerberg
Bo Widerberg, (June 8, 1930 – May 1, 1997) was a Swedish film director, writer, editor and actor. He was born Bo Gunnar Widerberg in Malmö, Skåne län, Sweden. He died in Ängelholm, Skåne län, Sweden of stomach cancer.
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Brandon Tartikoff
Brandon Tartikoff (January 13, 1949 – August 27, 1997) was a television executive who was credited with turning around NBC's low prime time reputation with such hit series as Hill Street Blues, L.A. Law, ALF, Family Ties, The Cosby Show, Cheers, Seinfeld, Miami Vice, The Golden Girls, Knight Rider, The A-Team, St. Elsewhere, Night Court, Hunter, Highway to Heaven, Matlock, Remington Steele, A Different World, 227 and Empty Nest.
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Brian Connolly
Brian Francis Connolly (5 October 1945 – 9 February 1997)
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Brian Pillman
:"The Yellow Dog" redirects here. The Yellow Dog (or, Maigret and the Yellow Dog) is also a novel by Georges Simenon.
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Buck Leonard
Walter Fenner "Buck" Leonard (September 8, 1907 – November 27, 1997) was an American first baseman in Negro League baseball. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in along with his long-time teammate Josh Gibson.
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Burgess Meredith
Oliver Burgess Meredith (November 16, 1907 – September 9, 1997), known professionally as Burgess Meredith, was an American actor. He was best-known for portraying Rocky Balboa's trainer Mickey Goldmill in the Rocky films and the Penguin in the television series Batman. He also earned a new generation of fans, portraying the father of Jack Lemmon's character in the 1993 film Grumpy Old Men, and the sequel, 1995's Grumpier Old Men, which was his final film role.
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Burton Lane
Burton Lane (February 2, 1912 – January 5, 1997) was an American composer and lyricist. His most popular and successful work is the musical ''Finian's Rainbow'', "the score for which Lane will always be most remembered."
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Carlos Surinach
Carlos Surinach (Carles Suriñach) (Barcelona, Spain, March 4, 1915 - New Haven, Connecticut, United States, November 12, 1997; ) was a Catalan Spanish-born composer and conductor.
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Catherine Scorsese
Catherine Cappa Scorsese (April 16, 1912 – January 6, 1997) was an American actress, and also the mother of director Martin Scorsese.
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Cecil Arthur Lewis
Cecil Arthur Lewis MC (29 March 1898 – 27 January 1997) was a British fighter pilot who flew in World War I. He went on to co-found the BBC and enjoy a long career as a writer.
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Charles Kuralt
Charles Kuralt (September 10, 1934 – July 4, 1997) was an American journalist. He was most widely known for his long career with CBS, first for his "On the Road" segments on The CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite, and later as the first anchor of CBS News Sunday Morning, a position he held for fifteen years.
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Che Guevara
Ernesto "Che" Guevara (; June 14, 1928 – October 9, 1967), commonly known as El Che or simply Che, was an Argentine Marxist revolutionary, physician, author, intellectual, guerrilla leader, diplomat, military theorist, and major figure of the Cuban Revolution. Since his death, his stylized visage has become a ubiquitous countercultural symbol and global insignia within popular culture.
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Chechnya
The Chechen Republic (; , Chechenskaya Respublika; , Noxçiyn Respublika), or, informally, Chechnya (; ; , Noxçiyçö), sometimes referred to as Ichkeria, Chechnia, Chechenia or Noxçiyn, is a federal subject of Russia. It is located in southeastern part of Europe, in the Northern Caucasus mountains, in the North Caucasian Federal District. As of 1 January 2010, the population was 1,267,740 (according to Russian State statistics).
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Cheddi Jagan
Cheddi Bharat Jagan (March 22, 1918 – March 6, 1997) was a Guyanese politician who was first elected Chief Minister in 1953 and later Premier of British Guiana from 1961 to 1964, prior to independence. He later served as President of Guyana from 1992 to 1997.
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Chloe Moretz
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Chris Farley
Christopher Crosby "Chris" Farley (February 15, 1964 – December 18, 1997) was an American comedian and actor. Farley was a member of Chicago's The Second City Theatre and the cast of the NBC sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live. He has also starred in a string of successful comedy films in the 1990s including Tommy Boy and Black Sheep before his death on December 18, 1997 in his Chicago apartment of cardiac arrest caused by a drug overdose.
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Christina Kokubo
Christina Kokubo (July 27, 1950 — June 9, 2007) was an American film and television actress; she was also a drama teacher.
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Ciara Bravo
Ciara Quinn Bravo (born March 18, 1997) is an American child actress who is best known for her role as Katie Knight on Big Time Rush, Can You Teach My Alligator Manners?, and Washed Up.
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Clyde Tombaugh
Clyde William Tombaugh (February 4, 1906 – January 17, 1997) was an American astronomer. He is best-known for discovering the dwarf planet Pluto in 1930, but also discovered many asteroids, and called for serious scientific research of unidentified flying objects.
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Cody Simpson
Cody Robert Simpson (born 11 January 1997) is an Australian pop/R&B; singer-songwriter from the Gold Coast, Queensland who is currently signed to U.S. record label Atlantic Records.
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Coleman Young
Coleman Alexander Young (May 24, 1918 – November 29, 1997) served as mayor of Detroit in the U.S. state of Michigan from 1974 to 1993. Young became the first African-American mayor of Detroit in the same week that Maynard Jackson became the first African-American mayor of Atlanta.
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Colonel Tom Parker
"Colonel" Thomas Andrew "Tom" Parker (June 26, 1909 – January 21, 1997) born Andreas Cornelis ("Dries") van Kuijk, was a Dutch-born entertainment impresario known best as the manager of Elvis Presley. Parker's management of Presley defined the role of masterminding talent management and was seen as central to the astonishing success of Presley's career. The "Colonel" displayed a ruthless devotion to his client's interests and took far more than the traditional 10 percent of his earnings (reaching up to 50 percent by the end of Presley's life). Presley said of Parker: "I don't think I would have been very big with another man. Because he's a very smart man."
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Conlon Nancarrow
Conlon Nancarrow (October 27, 1912 – August 10, 1997) was a United States-born composer who lived and worked in Mexico for most of his life. He became a Mexican citizen in 1955.
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Curt Flood
Curtis Charles Flood (January 18, 1938–January 20, 1997) was a Major League Baseball player who spent most of his career as a center fielder for the St. Louis Cardinals. A defensive standout, he led the National League in putouts four times and in fielding percentage twice, winning Gold Glove Awards in his last seven full seasons from 1963–1969. He also batted over .300 six times, and led the NL in hits (211) in 1964. He retired with the third most games in center field (1683) in NL history, trailing only Willie Mays and Richie Ashburn.
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Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping (; 22 August 1904 19 February 1997) was a Chinese politician, statesman, theorist, and diplomat. As leader of the Communist Party of China, Deng was a reformer who led China towards a market economy. While Deng never held office as the head of state, head of government or General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (historically the highest position in Communist China), he nonetheless served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China from 1978 to the early 1990s.
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Denise Levertov
Denise Levertov (October 24, 1923 – December 20, 1997) was a British-born American poet.
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Dennis James
Dennis James (August 24, 1917 – June 3, 1997) was an American television personality, actor, and announcer. He is credited as the host of television's first game show, the DuMont Network's Cash and Carry in 1946. James was the first person to ever host a telethon and even the first person to do a TV commercial.
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Denver Pyle
Denver Dell Pyle (May 11, 1920 – December 25, 1997) was an American film and television actor.
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Dodi Fayed
Emad El-Din Mohamed Abdel Moneim Fayed ( in Arabic), known as Dodi Fayed (15 April 1955 - 31 August 1997), was an Egyptian multi-millionaire and film producer. He is best known internationally as the romantic partner of Diana, Princess of Wales, both of whom died in a car crash in the Pont de l'Alma tunnel in Paris along with driver Henri Paul on 31 August 1997.
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Don Henderson
Don Henderson (10 November 1931 – 22 June 1997) was an English actor whose film and TV work covered many years but will be best remembered for his role as the fictional detective George Bulman. This character featured in three TV series The XYY Man in the mid-1970s; the later Strangers that saw Bulman rise from Detective Sergeant to Detective Chief Inspector and, in 1985, the series Bulman saw George retired from the police and pursuing a career as a horologist. He also starred in the popular TV drama series Warship.
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Don Hutson
Donald Montgomery Hutson (January 31, 1913 – June 26, 1997) was the first star wide receiver in National Football League history. He is considered by many to have been the first modern receiver.
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Don Messick
Donald Earl "Don" Messick (September 7, 1926 – October 24, 1997) was one of the most prolific voice actors of the 20th century. He voiced several classic cartoon characters, including Scooby-Doo, Ranger Smith and Boo Boo Bear, Muttley, Bamm-Bamm Rubble, Astro, Zorak, Godzooky, Dr. Benton Quest, Papa Smurf, Ratchet, and Paper Doll Man and Pixie in Pixie and Dixie and Mr. Jinks.
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Doris Angleton
Doris Angleton (April 11, 1951 – April 16, 1997) was a Texas socialite and murder victim. Doris Angleton's husband, Robert Angleton, had been accused of planning the crime. Roger Nicholas Angleton (), Robert Angleton's brother, admitted to directly killing her, before committing suicide himself.
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Douglas MacArthur
General of the Army Douglas MacArthur (January 26, 1880 – April 5, 1964) was an American general and field marshal of the Philippine Army. He was a Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II. He received the Medal of Honor for his service in the Philippines Campaign. Arthur MacArthur, Jr., and Douglas MacArthur were the first father and son to each be awarded the medal. He was one of only five men ever to rise to the rank of general of the army in the U.S. Army, and the only man ever to become a field marshal in the Philippine Army.
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Douglas MacArthur II
Douglas MacArthur II (July 5, 1909 – November 15, 1997) was an American diplomat.
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Eddie Arcaro
Edward Arcaro (February 19, 1916 – November 4, 1997), known professionally as Eddie Arcaro, was an American Thoroughbred horse racing Hall of Fame jockey who won more American Classic Races than any other jockey in history and is the only rider to have won the U.S. Triple Crown twice. He is widely regarded as the greatest jockey in the history of American Thoroughbred horse racing.
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Edward Mills Purcell
Edward Mills Purcell (August 30, 1912 – March 7, 1997) was an American physicist who shared the 1952 Nobel Prize for Physics for his independent discovery (published 1946) of nuclear magnetic resonance in liquids and in solids. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has become widely used to study the molecular structure of pure materials and the composition of mixtures.
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Edward Mulhare
Edward Mulhare (8 April 1923 - 24 May 1997) was an Irish popular television leading man from 1956 to 1995.
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Eldon Hoke
El Duce redirects here. The Italian dictator Benito Mussolini was known as "Il Duce."
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Ennis Cosby
Ennis William Cosby (April 15, 1969 – January 16, 1997) was the son of comedian-actor Bill Cosby and Camille Cosby. He was murdered in 1997 on the shoulder of Los Angeles' 405 Freeway by Mikhail Markhasev.
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Fela Kuti
Fela Anikulapo Kuti (; 15 October 1938 — 2 August 1997), or simply Fela (), was a Nigerian multi-instrumentalist musician and composer, pioneer of afrobeat music, human rights activist, and political maverick.
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Frank Parker
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Fred Zinnemann
Fred Zinnemann (April 29, 1907 – March 14, 1997) was an Austrian-American film director. He won four Academy Awards and directed movies like High Noon, From Here to Eternity and A Man for All Seasons.
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Gail Davis
Gail Davis (October 5, 1925 – March 15, 1997) was an American actress, best known for her starring role as Annie Oakley in the 1950s television Western series Annie Oakley.
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Garfield Barwick
Sir Garfield Edward John Barwick, (22 June 1903 – 14 July 1997) was the Attorney-General of Australia (1958–64), Minister for External Affairs (1961–64) and the seventh and longest serving Chief Justice of Australia (1964–81). He was appointed a judge of the International Court of Justice (1973–74)
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Garry Kasparov
Garry Kimovich Kasparov (, ; born Garry Kimovich Weinstein, 13 April 1963) is a Russian (formerly Soviet) chess grandmaster, a former World Chess Champion, writer, and political activist, whom many consider the greatest chess player of all time.
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Gene C. McKinney
Gene McKinney was the 10th Sergeant Major of the Army (SMA) of the United States, serving from July 1995 to October 1997. He was the first and to date the only African-American to reach that rank in the United States Army.
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George Fenneman
George Watt Fenneman (November 10, 1919 – May 29, 1997) was an American radio and television announcer.
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George Wald
George Wald (November 18, 1906 – April 12, 1997) was an American scientist who is best known for his work with pigments in the retina. He won a share of the 1967 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Haldan Keffer Hartline and Ragnar Granit.
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Georgi Shonin
Georgi Stepanovich Shonin () (August 3, 1935 – April 7, 1997; born in Rovenky, Luhansk Oblast, but grew up in Balta of Ukrainian SSR) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on the Soyuz 6 space mission.
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Georgian people
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Gianni Versace
Gianni Versace (December 2, 1946, Reggio Calabria – July 15, 1997) was an Italian fashion designer and founder of Gianni Versace S.p.A., an international fashion house, which produces accessories, fragrances, makeup and home furnishings as well as clothes. He also designed costumes for the theatre and films, and was a friend of Elton John, Sting, and Princess Diana among many others. Openly gay, Versace and his partner Antonio D'Amico were regulars on the international party scene. Versace was murdered outside his Miami Beach home, the former Casa Casuarina now known as [http://www.thevillabybartong.com The Villa By Barton G.], at the age of 50 by spree killer Andrew Cunanan.
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Giuseppe De Santis
Giuseppe De Santis (11 February 1917 - 16 May 1997) was an Italian film director. One of the most idealistic neorealist filmmakers of the 1940s and 1950s, he wrote and directed films punctuated by ardent cries for social reform.
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Glen Buxton
Glen Edward Buxton (November 10, 1947 – October 19, 1997) was an American musician, and guitarist for the original Alice Cooper band. He was born in Akron, Ohio.
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Greyson Chance
Greyson Michael Chance (born August 16, 1997) is an American singer, songwriter and pianist whose April 2010 performance of Lady Gaga's "Paparazzi" at a sixth-grade music festival became a hit on YouTube. As of June 15, 2010, his cover for the song Paparazzi has a total viewership of over 30 million. He has two original compositions, "Stars", and "Broken Hearts,", both posted on his YouTube channel which have 4 and 5 million views respectively.
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Gunpei Yokoi
, also spelled Gumpei Yokoi, was a Japanese video game designer. He was a long-time Nintendo employee, creator of the Game Boy and Game & Watch handheld systems, and producer of several long-running video game franchises. Yokoi's games have been seen on every Nintendo video game console, with his earliest work appearing on arcade machines. His games have received critical praise from many reviewers, and he has been the recipient of various awards. Yokoi was married. He died in a traffic accident in 1997.
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Harold Robbins
Harold Robbins (May 21, 1916 – October 14, 1997) was one of the best-selling American authors of all time. During his career, he wrote over 25 best-sellers, selling over 750 million copies in 32 languages.
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Harry Blackstone Jr.
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Harry Helmsley
Harry B. Helmsley (March 4, 1909 – January 4, 1997) was a real estate mogul who built a company that became one of the biggest property holders in the United States. Part of his company's portfolio at one time included the Empire State Building, The Helmsley Palace, the Park Lane Hotel, the Helmsley Middletowne Hotel, the New York Helmsley Hotel (also known as the New York Harley), The Helmsley Windsor Hotel, the St. Moritz (now the Ritz-Carlton), the Carlton House hotels, the Harley Hotel chain and The Helmsley Building in New York City.
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Helen Jacobs
Helen Hull Jacobs (August 6, 1908 – June 2, 1997) was a World No. 1 American female tennis player who won ten Grand Slam titles. She was born in Globe, Arizona, United States.
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Henry Mucci
Henry Andrew Mucci (March 4, 1911 – April 20, 1997) was a colonel in the United States Army Rangers. In January 1945, during World War II, he led a force of 128 Army Rangers on a mission which rescued 512 survivors of the Bataan Death March from Cabanatuan Prison Camp, despite being heavily outnumbered.
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Henry Picard
Henry Gilford Picard (November 28, 1906 – April 30, 1997) was an American professional golfer.
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Herb Caen
:For the hockey player, please see Herb Cain.
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Hmong people
The Hmong (), are an Asian ethnic group from the mountainous regions of China, Vietnam, Laos, and Thailand. Hmong are also one of the sub-groups of the Miao ethnicity (苗族) in southern China. Hmong groups began a gradual southward migration in the 18th century due to political unrest and to find more arable land.
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Hong Kong
Hong Kong () is one of two special administrative regions (SARs) of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the other being Macau. Situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour. With a land mass of and a population of seven million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. Hong Kong's population is 95 percent ethnic Chinese and 5 percent from other groups. Hong Kong's Han Chinese majority originate mainly from the cities of Guangzhou and Taishan in the neighbouring Guangdong province.
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Howard Morton
Howard Morton (May 15, 1925 - May 11, 1997) was an American actor.
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Hun Sen
Hun Sen () (born April 4, 1951) is the current Prime Minister of Cambodia.
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Isabelle Fuhrman
Isabelle Fuhrman (born February 25, 1997) is an American teen actress. Fuhrman is best known for playing Esther in Orphan.
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Isabelle Lucas
Isabelle Harriet Lucas (3 December 1927 - 24 February 1997) was a Canadian-born British actress and singer.
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J. K. Rowling
Joanne "Jo" Rowling, OBE (born 31 July 1965; married name Murray), better known under the pen name J. K. Rowling (, ), is a British author best known as the creator of the Harry Potter fantasy series, the idea for which was conceived whilst on a train trip from Manchester to London in 1990. The Potter books have gained worldwide attention, won multiple awards, sold more than 400 million copies and been the basis for a popular series of films, in which Rowling had creative control serving as a producer in two of the seven instalments.
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Jack May
Jack May (April 23, 1922 – September 19, 1997) was an English actor. Born in Henley-on-Thames, he was educated at Forest School, Walthamstow and after war service with the Royal Indian Navy in India was offered a place at RADA, but he instead went to Merton College, Oxford. Here with the OUDS he played parts, which included John of Gaunt in Richard II and Polonius in Hamlet.
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James A. Michener
James Albert Michener () (February 3, 1907 – October 16, 1997) was an American author of more than 40 titles, the majority of which were sweeping sagas, covering the lives of many generations in particular geographic locales and incorporating historical facts into the stories. Michener was known for the meticulous research behind his work.
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James Cameron
James Francis Cameron (born August 16, 1954) is a Canadian film director, producer, screenwriter, editor, and inventor. His writing and directing work includes (1981), The Terminator (1984), Aliens (1986), The Abyss (1989), (1991), True Lies (1994), Titanic (1997), and Avatar (2009). In the time between making Titanic and his return to feature films with Avatar, Cameron spent several years creating many documentary films (specifically underwater documentaries), and also co-developed the digital 3-D Fusion Camera System. Described by a biographer as part-scientist and part-artist, Cameron has also contributed to underwater filming and remote vehicle technologies.
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James Cossins
James Cossins (4 December 1933 – 12 February 1997) was an English character actor. Born in Beckenham, Kent, he became widely recognised as the abrupt, bewildered Mr. Walt in the Fawlty Towers episode "The Hotel Inspectors". He played a wide range of characters throughout his colourful and extensive career on television and stage.
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James Lee Byars
James Lee Byars (April 10, 1932 – May 23, 1997) was an artist specializing in installation sculpture and in performance art. His works include "The Death of James Lee Byars" and "The Perfect Smile".
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James Robert Baker
James Robert Baker (October 18, 1946 – November 5, 1997) was an American author of sharply satirical, predominantly gay-themed transgressional fiction. A native Californian, his work is set almost entirely in Southern California. After graduating from UCLA, he began his career as a screenwriter, but became disillusioned and started writing novels instead. Though he garnered fame for his books Fuel-Injected Dreams and Boy Wonder, after the controversy surrounding publication of his novel, Tim and Pete, he faced increasing difficulty having his work published. According to his life partner, this was a contributing factor in his suicide.
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Janet Jagan
Janet Rosenberg Jagan (October 20, 1920 – March 28, 2009) was an American-born socialist politician who was President of Guyana from December 19, 1997 to August 11, 1999. She previously served as Prime Minister of Guyana from March 17, 1997 to December 19, 1997.
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Jean Françaix
Jean René Désiré Françaix (May 23, 1912, Le Mans – September 25, 1997, Paris) was a French neoclassical composer, pianist, and orchestrator, known for his prolific output and vibrant style.
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Jean Louis
Jean Louis (born Jean Louis Berthauldt, October 5, 1907, Paris, France- - April 20, 1997, Palm Springs, California, USA) was a French-born, Hollywood costume designer and an Academy Award winner for Costume Design. Louis worked as head designer for Columbia Pictures from 1944 to 1960. His most famous works include Rita Hayworth's black satin strapless dress from Gilda (1946), Marlene Dietrich's celebrated beaded souffle stagewear for her cabaret world tours, as well as the sheer, sparkling gown Marilyn Monroe wore when she sang "Happy Birthday, Mr. President" to John F. Kennedy in 1962.
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Jean Michel Jarre
Jean-Michel André Jarre (born 24 August 1948) is a French composer, performer and music producer. He is regarded as a pioneer in the electronic, synthpop, ambient and New Age genres, as well as an organiser of outdoor spectacles of his music which feature lights, laser displays and fireworks.
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Jeane Dixon
Jeane L. Dixon (January 5, 1904 – January 25, 1997) was one of the best-known American astrologers and psychics of the 20th century, due to her syndicated newspaper astrology column, some well-publicized predictions and a best-selling biography.
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Jeanne Calment
Jeanne Louise Calment (; 21 February 1875 – 4 August 1997, 10:45 CET) had the longest confirmed human life span in history, living 122 years and 164 days (44,724 days total). She lived in Arles, France, for her entire life, and outlived both her daughter and grandson. She became especially well known from the age of 113, when the centenary of Vincent van Gogh's visit brought reporters to Arles. She entered the Guinness Book of Records in 1988, and on 17 October 1995 she became-and currently remains-the oldest person ever, having surpassed the (now dubious) case of Shigechiyo Izumi of Japan. She became the last living documented person born in the 1870s when the Japanese supercentenarian Tane Ikai (born 1879) died on 12 July 1995. Her life span has been thoroughly documented by scientific study, with more records having been produced to verify her age than for any other case.
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Jermaine Stewart
William Jermaine Stewart (September 7, 1957 – March 17, 1997) was an American pop singer best known for his Billboard hits "The Word Is Out" (from his 1984 debut album of the same name) and "We Don't Have to Take Our Clothes Off" (in 1986, from the album Frantic Romantic).
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Jerome H. Lemelson
Jerome "Jerry" Hal Lemelson (July 18, 1923 Staten Island, New York - October 1, 1997) was a prolific American engineer, inventor and patent holder. Inventions in the fields in which he patented make possible, wholly or in part, innovations like automated warehouses, industrial robots, cordless telephones, fax machines, videocassette recorders, camcorders and the magnetic tape drive used in Sony's Walkman tape players. Lemelson's 605 patents make him the twenty first most prolific inventor in American history.
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Jesse White (actor)
Jesse White (January 4, 1917 – January 9, 1997) was an American television, film, and stage character actor. He is best remembered for portraying the Maytag repairman in television commercials, a role he played from 1967 to 1988.
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Jill Summers
Honour Margaret Rosell Santoi Fuller, better known as Jill Summers (8 December 1910 - 12 January 1997), was a British music hall performer and comedienne born in Eccles, Lancashire. In later life she achieved stardom as Phyllis Pearce, in Granada Television's long running soap opera, Coronation Street.
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Jimmy Witherspoon
Jimmy Witherspoon (August 8, 1920 – September 18, 1997) was an American blues singer.
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Jody Williams
Jody Williams (born October 9, 1950 in Brattleboro, Vermont, USA) is an American teacher and aid worker who received the 1997 Nobel Peace Prize jointly with the campaign she worked for, the International Campaign to Ban Landmines (ICBL). Williams first trained as a teacher of English as a Second Language (ESL), receiving a BA from the University of Vermont in 1972 and a Master's degree in teaching Spanish and ESL from the School for International Training (also in Vermont) in 1974. In 1984 she received a second M.A. in International Relations from the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University. She taught ESL in Mexico, the United Kingdom, and finally Washington, D.C. before her first appointment in aid work, becoming a grocery worker of the "Nicaragua-Honduras Education Project" from 1984 to 1986. She then became deputy director of a Los Angeles-based charity, "Medical Aid for El Salvador", a position which she held until 1992 when she took up her position with the newly formed ICBL.
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John Akii-Bua
John Akii-Bua (December 3, 1949 – June 20, 1997) was a Ugandan hurdler and the first Olympic champion from his country.
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John Beal (actor)
John Beal (August 13, 1909 – April 26, 1997) was an American actor.
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John Carpenter
John Howard Carpenter (born January 16, 1948) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, editor, composer, and occasional actor. Although Carpenter has worked in numerous film genres, his name is most commonly associated with horror and science fiction.
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John Denver
John Denver (December 31, 1943 – October 12, 1997), born Henry John Deutschendorf, Jr., was an American singer-songwriter, actor, activist, and poet. One of the most popular acoustic artists of the 1970s in terms of record sales, Denver recorded and released around 300 songs, about 200 of which he composed. He was named Poet Laureate of Colorado in 1977. Songs such as "Leaving on a Jet Plane", "Take Me Home, Country Roads", "Rocky Mountain High", "Sunshine on My Shoulders", "Thank God I'm a Country Boy", "Annie's Song" and "Calypso" attained worldwide popularity.
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John Kendrew
Sir John Cowdery Kendrew, CBE, FRS (24 March 1917 23 August 1997) was an English biochemist and crystallographer who shared the 1962 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Max Perutz; their group in the Cavendish Laboratory investigated the structure of heme-containing proteins.
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John Nemechek
John Nemechek (March 12, 1970—March 21, 1997, born in Lakeland, Florida), was a race car driver who was killed in an accident during a Craftsman truck race at Homestead, Florida.
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Johnny Klein
John A. Klein, Jr. (June 4, 1918 – January 31, 1997) was an American-born musician who played drums for the Lawrence Welk orchestra from 1951 to 1976 and on The Lawrence Welk Show from 1955 to 1976. He was also Welk's second cousin.
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Jolie Gabor
Jolie Gábor Christman de Szigethy (September 29, 1894 — April 1, 1999) was best known as "Mama Jolie", the mother of actresses/socialites Zsa Zsa Gabor, Eva Gabor and Magda Gabor.
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Julius Chan
Sir Julius Chan GCL GCMG KBE (陳仲民, born 29 August 1939) was Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea from 1980 to 1982 and from 1994 to 1997. He is currently Member of Parliament for New Ireland Province, having won the seat in the 2007 national election. He is also the current Governor of New Ireland Province, since 2007.
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Juzo Itami
http://wn.com/Juzo_Itami -
K.R. Narayanan
http://wn.com/KR_Narayanan -
Kathy Acker
Kathy Acker (née Karen Lehmann) (18 April 1947 – 30 November 1997) was an American experimental novelist, punk poet, playwright, essayist, postmodernist and sex-positive feminist writer. She was strongly influenced by the Black Mountain School, William S. Burroughs, David Antin, French critical theory, philosophy, and pornography.
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Laura Nyro
Laura Nyro (October 18, 1947 – April 8, 1997) was an American composer, lyricist, singer, and pianist. Her style was a hybrid of Brill Building-style New York pop, jazz, gospel, rhythm and blues, show tunes and rock.
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Laurence Henry Hicks
Laurence Henry Hicks (1912-1997) was an Australian composer.
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Leo Howard
Leo Howard (born July 13, 1997) is an American child actor who is currently best known for his role as Leo Little on the Disney Channel short television series, ''Leo Little's Big Show'', which co-stars G. Hannelius as Amy Little. In addition to acting, Leo is also known for his martial arts abilities. He has incorporated his Wushu and Karate skills into many of his film and television roles.
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Leo Picard
Leo Picard, also known as Yehudah Leo Picard (, born 3 June 1900, died 4 April 1997), was an Israeli geologist and an expert in the field of hydrology.
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Leonard Maguire
Leonard Maguire (26 May 1924 - 12 September 1997) was a Scottish actor. Born in Glasgow, Scotland, Maguire had a long career, beginning in the 1940s. He died in 1997, aged 73, after a lengthy illness.
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Leonid Amalrik
Leonid Alekseyevich Amalrik (; 8 July 1905, Moscow - 22 October 1997, Moscow) was a Russian animator and animation director.
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Louis Essen
Louis Essen (6 September 1908 – 24 August 1997) was an English physicist whose most notable achievements were in the precise measurement of time and the determination of the speed of light. He was critical of Albert Einstein's theory of relativity, particularly as it related to time dilation.
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Louise Woodward
http://wn.com/Louise_Woodward -
Luke Woodham
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Luther Allison
Luther Allison (August 17, 1939 – August 12, 1997) was an American blues guitarist. He was born in Widener, Arkansas and moved with his family, at age twelve, to Chicago, Illinois in 1951. He had taught himself guitar while in Chicago and began listening to blues extensively. Three years later he began hanging outside blues nightclubs with the hopes of being invited to perform. He played with Howlin' Wolf's band and backed up James Cotton.
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Madeleine Albright
Madeleine Korbel Albright (born May 15, 1937) is the first woman to become a United States Secretary of State. She was appointed by U.S. President Bill Clinton on December 5, 1996, and was unanimously confirmed by a U.S. Senate vote of 99-0. She was sworn in on January 23, 1997.
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Magda Gabor
Magdolna "Magda" Gabor (c. 1916 – June 6, 1997) was a Hungarian-born actress and the sister of Zsa Zsa and Eva Gabor.
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Malcolm X
Malcolm X (; May 19, 1925 February 21, 1965), born Malcolm Little and also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz (), was an African-American Muslim minister, public speaker, and human rights activist. To his admirers, he was a courageous advocate for the rights of African Americans, a man who indicted white America in the harshest terms for its crimes against black Americans. His detractors accused him of preaching racism, black supremacy, antisemitism, and violence. He has been described as one of the greatest, and most influential, African Americans in history. In 1998, Time named The Autobiography of Malcolm X one of the ten most influential nonfiction books of the 20th century.
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Maria Lark
Maria Lark (Russian: Мария Ларк) (born June 20, 1997 in Siberia, Russia) is an American television actress best known for her role as Bridgette DuBois in the hit NBC/CBS television series Medium.
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Marjorie Reynolds
Marjorie Reynolds (August 12, 1917 – February 1, 1997) was an American film actress. She appeared in more than 70 films.
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Mary Harney
Mary Harney (born 11 March 1953) is an Irish politician and is the current Minister for Health and Children. She is a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Dublin Mid West constituency and served as Tánaiste from 1997–2006, and as Minister for Enterprise, Trade and Employment from 1997–2004.
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Mary McAleese
Mary Patricia McAleese (, née Leneghan) (, ; born 27 June 1951) is the eighth and current President of Ireland. Prior to becoming president she was a barrister, journalist and academic.
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Mary Robinson
Mary Therese Winifred Robinson (née Bourke) (; born 21 May 1944) served as the seventh, and first female, President of Ireland, serving from 1990 to 1997, and the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, from 1997 to 2002. She first rose to prominence as an academic, barrister, campaigner and member of the Irish Senate (1969–1989). She defeated Fianna Fáil's Brian Lenihan and Fine Gael's Austin Currie in the 1990 presidential election becoming, as an Independent candidate nominated by the Labour Party, the Workers' Party and independent senators, the first elected president in the office's history not to have had the support of Fianna Fáil.
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Masaru Takumi
Masaru Takumi (宅見 勝 Takumi Masaru; June 22, 1936 – August 28, 1997) was a powerful Japanese organized crime figure assassinated in 1997. Until his death, he was the second-in-command (wakagashira) and financial overseer of Japan's largest yakuza gang, the Yamaguchi-gumi. Known as "the man who never sleeps," he also headed his own sub-organization, the 1000-member Takumi-gumi. He was considered a likely successor to the Yamaguchi-gumi's godfather, Yoshinori Watanabe.
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McCaughey septuplets
The McCaughey septuplets (born November 19, 1997) are a set of septuplets born to Kenny and Bobbi McCaughey in , United States.
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Michael Hedges
Michael Alden Hedges (December 31, 1953 – December 2, 1997) was an American composer and acoustic guitarist born and raised in Enid, Oklahoma.
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Michael Hutchence
Michael Kelland John Hutchence (22 January 1960 – 22 November 1997) was an Australian singer-songwriter, most famous for his work with rock band INXS.
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Miguel Ángel Blanco
Miguel Ángel Blanco Garrido (13 May 1968 – 13 July 1997) was a local Spanish politician for the People's Party, who was kidnapped and subsequently executed by the Basque separatist group ETA.
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Mildred Cleghorn
Mildred Cleghorn (December 11, 1910 – April 15, 1997) was first chairperson of the Fort Sill Apache Tribe.
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Mir Aimal Kasi
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Mobutu Sese Seko
Mobutu Sese Seko Nkuku Ngbendu wa Za Banga (14 October 1930 – 7 September 1997), commonly known as Mobutu or Mobutu Sese Seko ( in English), born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu, was the President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (also known as Zaire for much of his reign) from 1965 to 1997. While in office, he formed an authoritarian regime, amassed vast personal wealth, and attempted to purge the country of all colonial cultural influence, while also maintaining an anti-communist stance.
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Mohammad Khatami
Seyed Mohammad Khātamī (, ; born October 14, 1943) is an Iranian scholar and politician. He served as the fifth President of Iran from August 2, 1997 to August 3, 2005. He also served as Iran's Minister of Culture in both the 1980s and 1990s.
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Moors murders
The Moors murders were carried out by Ian Brady and Myra Hindley between July 1963 and October 1965, in and around what is now Greater Manchester, England. The victims were five children aged between 10 and 17—Pauline Reade, John Kilbride, Keith Bennett, Lesley Ann Downey and Edward Evans—at least four of whom were sexually assaulted. The murders are so named because two of the victims were discovered in graves dug on Saddleworth Moor; a third grave was discovered on the moor in 1987, over 20 years after Brady and Hindley's trial in 1966. The body of a fourth victim, Keith Bennett, is also suspected to be buried there. Despite repeated searches of the area, as of it remains undiscovered.
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Mother Teresa
Mother Teresa (26 August 19105 September 1997), born Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu (pronounced ), was a Catholic nun of Albanian ethnicity and Indian citizenship, who founded the Missionaries of Charity in Calcutta, India in 1950. For over 45 years she ministered to the poor, sick, orphaned, and dying, while guiding the Missionaries of Charity's expansion, first throughout India and then in other countries. Following her death she was beatified by Pope John Paul II and given the title Blessed Teresa of Calcutta.
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Mrs. Miller
http://wn.com/Mrs_Miller -
Myra Hindley
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Myron Scholes
Myron Samuel Scholes (born July 1, 1941) is a Canadian-born American financial economist who is best known as one of the authors of the Black–Scholes equation. In 1997 he was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for a new method to determine the value of derivatives. The model provides the fundamental conceptual framework for valuing options, such as calls or puts, and is referred to as the Black-Scholes model, which has become the standard in financial markets globally. Trillions of dollars of options trades are executed each year using this model and derivations thereof. All binomial option models have evolved from this original concept.
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Nobuhiko Takada
Nobuhiko Takada (, born April 12, 1962) is a Japanese mixed martial arts fighter and professional wrestler. He is best known for helping to popularize shoot-style professional wrestling, as one of the biggest stars of the Universal Wrestling Federation and Union of Wrestling Force International in the '80s and '90s. He has also competed for PRIDE Fighting Championships and New Japan Pro Wrestling. Presently, he is the owner of the HUSTLE Wrestling Organization.
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Norodom Ranariddh
Prince Norodom Ranariddh (born January 2, 1944) is the second son of King Norodom Sihanouk of Cambodia and a half brother of the current king, Norodom Sihamoni.
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Oldest people
This is a list of the verified oldest people in world in ordinal rank, such as oldest person or oldest man. A supercentenarian is considered 'verified' if his or her claim has been validated by an international body that specifically deals in longevity research, such as the Gerontology Research Group and Guinness World Records. The longest unambiguously documented lifespan is that of Jeanne Calment of France (1875–1997), who died at age 122 years and 164 days. She met Vincent van Gogh at age 12 or 13. This led to her being noticed by the media in 1985, at age 110. Subsequent investigation found that her life was documented in the records of her native city of Arles beyond reasonable question. More evidence for the Calment case has been produced than for any other supercentenarian case, which makes her case a standard among the oldest people recordholders. This is contrasted with the now-disputed claim of age 120 for the oldest man ever, Shigechiyo Izumi. While this case is still recognized by Guinness World Records, the Japanese authorities have hinted that his age was not certain. The oldest undisputed male is Christian Mortensen, who lived to be 115 years and 252 days.
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Pablo Picasso
Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso known as Pablo Ruiz Picasso (; 25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, draughtsman, and sculptor who lived most of his adult life in France. He is best known for co-founding the Cubist movement and for the wide variety of styles embodied in his work. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist ''Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907) and Guernica'' (1937), his portrayal of the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War.
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Pamela Harriman
Pamela Beryl Harriman (née Digby; 20 March 1920 – 5 February 1997), also known as Pamela Churchill Harriman, was an English-born socialite who was married and linked to important and powerful men. In later life, she became a political activist for the United States Democratic Party and a diplomat. Her only child, Winston Churchill, was named after his famous grandfather.
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Pat Paulsen
Patrick Layton "Pat" Paulsen (July 6, 1927 – April 24, 1997) was an American comedian and satirist notable for his roles on several of the Smothers Brothers TV shows, and for his campaigns for President of the United States in 1968, 1972, 1980, 1988, 1992, and 1996, which had primarily comedic rather than political objectives, although his campaigns generated some protest votes for him.
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Paul D. Boyer
Paul Delos Boyer (born July 31, 1918) is an American biochemist and analytical chemist. He shared the 1997 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research on the "enzymatic mechanism underlying the biosynthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)" (ATP synthase) with John E. Walker; the remainder of the Prize in that year was awarded to Danish chemist Jens Christian Skou for his discovery of the Na+/K+-ATPase.
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Paul Tsongas
Paul Efthemios Tsongas (; February 14, 1941 – January 18, 1997) was a United States Senator from Massachusetts and a one-time candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination. Previously, he also served as a U.S. Representative from Massachusetts and held local political office as well.
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Pol Pot
Saloth Sar (May 19, 1928 – April 15, 1998), better known as Pol Pot, (), was the leader of the Cambodian communist movement known as the Khmer Rouge and was Prime Minister of Democratic Kampuchea from 1976–1979. His time as the leader of Cambodia, in which he attempted to "cleanse" the country, resulted in the deaths of an estimated 1.7 to 2.5 million people.
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Ramzi Yousef
Ramzi Yousef (, Ramzī Yūsuf) (born May 20, 1967) was one of the main perpetrators of the 1993 World Trade Center bombing. In 1995, he was arrested at a guest house in Islamabad, by the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence, and the U.S. Diplomatic Security Service and was extradited to the United States.
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Rebecca Black
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Red Skelton
Red Skelton (July 18, 1913 – September 17, 1997) was an American comedian who was best known as a top radio and television star from 1937 to 1971. Skelton's show business career began in his teens as a circus clown and went on to vaudeville, Broadway, films, radio, TV, night clubs and casinos, all while pursuing another career as a painter.
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Reid Shelton
Reid Shelton (October 7, 1924 – June 8, 1997) was a Broadway and television actor.
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Rich Mullins
Richard Wayne Mullins (October 21, 1955 – September 19, 1997) was an American Contemporary Christian Music singer and songwriter born in Richmond, Indiana. He has two sisters and two brothers.
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Richard Berry
Richard Berry (April 11, 1935 – January 23, 1997) was an African American singer and songwriter, best known as the composer and original performer of the rock standard "Louie Louie".
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Rickson Gracie
Rickson Gracie (; born November 20, 1958) is a Brazilian 8th degree black and red belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu and a retired mixed martial artist. He is a member of the Gracie family: the son of Hélio Gracie, brother to Rorion and Relson Gracie, and half-brother to Royce, Robin and Royler Gracie.
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Robert C. Merton
Robert Carhart Merton (born 31 July 1944) is an American economist, university professor and Nobel laureate in economics.
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Robert H. Dicke
Robert Henry Dicke (May 6, 1916 – March 4, 1997) was an American physicist, who made important contributions to the fields of astrophysics, atomic physics, cosmology and gravity.
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Robert Mitchum
Robert Charles Durman Mitchum (August 6, 1917 – July 1, 1997) was an American film actor, author, composer and singer and is #23 on the American Film Institute's list of the greatest male American screen legends of all time. Mitchum is largely remembered for his starring roles in several major works of the film noir style, and is considered a forerunner of the anti-heroes prevalent in film during the 1950s and 1960s.
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Rod Milburn
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Roger Angleton
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Roland Topor
Roland Topor (January 7, 1938 – April 16, 1997), was a French illustrator, painter, writer and filmmaker, known for the surreal nature of his work. He was of Polish Jewish origin and spent the early years of his life in Savoy where his family hid him from the Nazi peril.
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Ron Tarr
Ron Tarr (14 November 1936–20 October 1997) was a British actor who played minor roles in television series and films. He died of cancer in 1997.
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Roy Lichtenstein
Roy Lichtenstein (October 27, 1923 – September 29, 1997) was a prominent American pop artist. His work was heavily influenced by both popular advertising and the comic book style. He himself described pop art as, "not 'American' painting but actually industrial painting".
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Royston Tickner
Royston Tickner (8 September 1922 – 7 July 1997) was a British actor.
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Sally Blane
Sally Blane (July 11, 1910 – August 27, 1997) was an American actress. Blane was the sister of actresses Polly Ann Young and Loretta Young, and half-sister to actress Georgiana Young, the wife of actor Ricardo Montalban. She appeared in over 70 movies.
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Samuel Fuller
Samuel Michael Fuller (August 12, 1912 – October 30, 1997) was an American screenwriter, novelist and film director known for low-budget genre movies with controversial themes.
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Saul Chaplin
Saul Chaplin (February 19, 1912 – November 15, 1997) was an American composer and musical director.
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Shaheen Jafargholi
Shaheen Jafargholi (born 23 January 1997) is an Welsh teen actor and singer from Swansea, Wales. He is of Iranian and Welsh descent. He appeared on ITV's ''Britain's Got Talent'' show and sang "Who's Lovin' You" at Michael Jackson's globally televised public memorial service in July 2009. In May 2010, Jafargholi signed a record deal with Island Records, with his debut album "When I Come of Age" due for release in November, along with his debut double A side single "Last Train Home/Hip Teens".
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Sheldon Leonard
Sheldon Leonard (February 22, 1907 – January 10, 1997) was a pioneering American film and television producer, director, writer, and actor.
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Shirley Clarke
Shirley Clarke (October 2, 1919 – September 23, 1997) was an American independent filmmaker.
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Shirley Crabtree
Shirley Crabtree, Jr, better known as Big Daddy (14 November 1930 – 2 December 1997) was an English professional wrestler famous for his record-breaking 64 inch chest. Known for wearing his various Big Daddy leotards, Crabtree's original one was emblazoned with just a large "D" and was fashioned by his wife Eunice from their chintz sofa.
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Sichuan
(zh|c=; Sichuanese Pinyin: Si4cuan1; ; Postal map spelling: Szechwan or Szechuan) is a province in Southwestern China with its capital in Chengdu. The current name of the province, 四川 (Sìchuān), is an abbreviation of 四川路 (Sì Chuānlù), or "Four circuits of rivers", which is itself abbreviated from 川峡四路 (Chuānxiá Sìlù), or "Four circuits of rivers and gorges", named after the division of the existing circuit into four during the Northern Song Dynasty.
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Sister Nirmala
Sister Nirmala (born 1934) succeeded Mother Teresa as Superior General of the Missionaries of Charity in March 1997.
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Slobodan Milošević
Slobodan Milošević (sometimes transliterated as Miloshevich; ; Serbian Cyrillic: Слободан Милошевић; 20 August 1941 – 11 March 2006) was President of Serbia and of Yugoslavia. He served as the President of Socialist Republic of Serbia and Republic of Serbia from 1989 until 1997 in three terms and as President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 to 2000. He also led the Socialist Party of Serbia from its foundation in 1990. In the midst of NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, Milošević was charged with crimes against humanity by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY), but the trial ended after Milošević died in his cell.
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Son Sen
Son Sen (June 12, 1930 – June 10, 1997) was a Cambodian Communist politician and soldier. A member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Kampuchea/Party of Democratic Kampuchea, the Khmer Rouge, from 1974 to 1992, Sen oversaw the Party's security apparatus, including the Santebal secret police and the notorious security prison S-21 at Tuol Sleng.
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Stanley Cortez
Stanley Cortez, A.S.C. (born Stanislaus Krantz; November 4, 1908 – December 23, 1997) was an American cinematographer. He worked on over seventy films, including Orson Welles' The Magnificent Ambersons (1942), Charles Laughton's The Night of the Hunter (1955), Nunnally Johnson's The Three Faces of Eve (1957), and Samuel Fuller's Shock Corridor (1963) and The Naked Kiss (1964).
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Stephane Grappelli
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Steve Jobs
Steven Paul Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is an American business magnate and inventor. He is well known for being the co-founder and chief executive officer of Apple. Jobs also previously served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios; he became a member of the board of The Walt Disney Company in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney.
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Steven Chu
Steven Chu (born February 28, 1948) is an American physicist and currently the 12th United States Secretary of Energy. Chu is known for his research at Bell Labs in cooling and trapping of atoms with laser light, which won him a share of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1997, with Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William Daniel Phillips. At the time of his appointment as Energy Secretary, he was a professor of physics and molecular and cellular biology at the University of California, Berkeley and the director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where his research was concerned primarily with the study of biological systems at the single molecule level. Previously, he had been a professor of physics at Stanford University. He is a vocal advocate for more research into alternative energy and nuclear power, arguing that a shift away from fossil fuels is essential to combating climate change. For example, he has conceived of a global "glucose economy", a form of a low-carbon economy, in which glucose from tropical plants is shipped around like oil is today.
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Strom Thurmond
James Strom Thurmond (December 5, 1902 – June 26, 2003) was an American politician who served as the 103rd Governor of South Carolina and as a United States Senator. He also ran for the Presidency of the United States in 1948 as the segregationist States Rights Democratic Party (Dixiecrat) candidate, receiving 2.4% of the popular vote and 39 electoral votes. Thurmond later represented South Carolina in the United States Senate from 1954 to April 1956 and November 1956 to January 2003, at first as a Democrat and after 1964 as a Republican, switching parties as the conservative base shifted.
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Stuart Diver
Stuart Diver (born January 14, 1970 in New South Wales), a ski instructor, was the sole survivor of the 1997 Thredbo landslide.
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Stubby Kaye
Stubby Kaye (November 11, 1918 – December 14, 1997) was an American comic actor. He was born Bernard Kotzin in New York City on the last day of the First World War, at West 114th Street in the Morningside Heights section of Manhattan to first generation Jewish-Americans originally from Russia and Austria. He was raised in the Far Rockaway section of Queens and in The Bronx.
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Sviatoslav Richter
Sviatoslav Teofilovich Richter ( Sviatosláv Teofílovich Ríkhter, ; – August 1, 1997) was a Soviet pianist well known for the depth of his interpretations, virtuoso technique, and vast repertoire. He is widely considered one of the greatest pianists of the 20th century.
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Tara Lipinski
Tara Kristen Lipinski (born June 10, 1982) is an American figure skater. At the age of 15, she won the Olympic gold medal in figure skating at the 1998 Winter Olympics, and remains the youngest individual gold medalist in the history of the Olympic Winter Games.
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Ted Gärdestad
Ted Gärdestad (), internationally known as Ted Gardestad, Ted Gaerdestad or just Ted (born Ted Arnbjörn Gärdestad, 18 February 1956 – 22 June 1997 in Sollentuna, Sweden) was a Swedish singer, songwriter and musician.
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Terry Nation
Terry Nation (8 August 1930 – 9 March 1997) was a Welsh novelist and screenwriter.
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The Notorious B.I.G.
Christopher George Latore Wallace (May 21, 1972 – March 9, 1997) was an American rapper. He was popularly known as Biggie Smalls (after a character in the 1975 film ''Let's Do It Again), Big Poppa, Frank White (after the main character of the 1990 film King of New York''), and by his primary stage name The Notorious B.I.G..
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The Tolmachevy Twins
Anastasiya and Maria Tolmachovy (Анастасия и Мария Толмачёвы, born 14 January 1997) are twins and child singers from the Russian city of Kursk. At the age of nine, they won the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2006 in Bucharest, Romania, with their song Vesenniy jazz (Literal: Spring Jazz, Cyrillic: Весенний Джаз).
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Thelma Carpenter
Thelma Carpenter (January 15, 1922 – May 14, 1997) was a jazz singer and actress, best known as "Miss One", the Good Witch of the North in the movie The Wiz.
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Tim Spicer
Timothy Simon Spicer, OBE (born 1952) is a British former army officer, current CEO of the private security company (PSC) Aegis Defence Services. He is a veteran of the Falklands War and also served with the British Army in Northern Ireland. He became well-known as an employee of Sandline International, a private military company (PMC) which closed in April 2004.
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Timothy McVeigh
Timothy James McVeigh (April 23, 1968 – June 11, 2001) was a United States Army veteran and former security guard who was executed for detonating a truck bomb in front of the Alfred P. Murrah Building in Oklahoma City on April 19, 1995, killing 168 people. It was the deadliest act of terrorism within the United States prior to the September 11, 2001 attacks and is referred to as the Oklahoma City bombing. McVeigh, a militia movement sympathizer, sought revenge against the federal government for the Waco Siege, which had ended in the deaths of 76 people exactly two years earlier. He also hoped to inspire a revolt against what he considered to be a tyrannical federal government. He was convicted of 11 federal offenses, sentenced to death and executed on June 11, 2001. Terry Nichols and Michael Fortier were also convicted as co-conspirators in the plot.
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Tony Blair
Anthony Charles Lynton Blair (born 6 May 1953) is a former British Labour Party politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to 27 June 2007. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Sedgefield from 1983 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007; he resigned from all these positions in June 2007.
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Tony Bullimore
Tony Bullimore (born circa 1939) is a British sailor from Bristol.
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Tony Williams
Anthony Tillmon "Tony" Williams (December 12, 1945 — February 23, 1997) was an American jazz drummer.
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Tony Zale
Anthony Florian Zaleski (May 29, 1913 – March 20, 1997) was an American boxer. Zale was born and raised in Gary, Indiana, a steel town, which gave him his nickname, "Man of Steel." In addition, he had the reputation of being able to take fearsome punishment and still rally to win, reinforcing that nickname. Zale was known as a strong body puncher, who punished his opponents and steadily wore them down before knocking them out.
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Toshirō Mifune
Toshirō Mifune ( Mifune Toshirō ; April 1, 1920 – December 24, 1997) was a Japanese actor who appeared in almost 170 feature films. He is best known for his 16-film collaboration with filmmaker Akira Kurosawa, from 1948 to 1965, in works such as Rashomon, Seven Samurai, Throne of Blood, and Yojimbo. He is also popular for portraying Musashi Miyamoto in Hiroshi Inagaki's Samurai Trilogy.
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Townes Van Zandt
John Townes Van Zandt (March 7, 1944 – January 1, 1997), best known as Townes Van Zandt, was an American country-folk music singer-songwriter, performer, and poet. Many of his songs including "If I Needed You", "To Live Is To Fly", and "No Place to Fall" are considered standards of their genre. AllMusic has called him "one of the greatest country and folk artists of his generation."
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Tupac Amaru
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Walter Gotell
Walter Gotell (15 March 1924 – 5 May 1997) was a German actor, known for his role as General Gogol, head of the KGB, in the James Bond film series.
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Walter Trampler
Walter Trampler (August 25, 1915 – September 27, 1997) was a German musician and teacher of the viola and viola d'amore.
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Wilbert Awdry
Wilbert Vere Awdry, OBE, (15 June 1911 – 21 March 1997), was an English clergyman, railway enthusiast and children's author, better known as the Reverend W. Awdry and creator of Thomas the Tank Engine, who starred in Awdry's acclaimed Railway Series.
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Willem de Kooning
Willem de Kooning (April 24, 1904 – March 19, 1997) was a Dutch American abstract expressionist artist who was born in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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William J. Brennan
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William S. Burroughs
William Seward Burroughs II ( – ; , also known by his pen name William Lee) was an American novelist, poet, essayist and spoken word performer. Burroughs was a primary figure of the Beat Generation and a major postmodernist author who affected popular culture as well as literature. He is considered to be "one of the most politically trenchant, culturally influential, and innovative artists of the twentieth century." Burroughs wrote eighteen novels and novellas, six collections of short stories and four collections of essays. Five books have been published of his interviews and correspondences. Burroughs also collaborated on projects and recordings with numerous performers and musicians, and made many appearances in films.
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Witto Aloma
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Xu Jiao
Xu Jiao is a newcomer actress from China, who is most notable for her comedic performance in the film CJ7. Despite being a girl she played a boy in the film.
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Yasser Arafat
Mohammed Yasser Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini (, 24 August 192911 November 2004), popularly known as Yasser Arafat () or by his kunya Abu Ammar (), was a Palestinian leader and a Laureate of the Nobel Prize. He was Chairman of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), President of the Palestinian National Authority (PNA), and leader of the Fatah political party, which he founded in 1959. Aburish says the date of Fatah's founding is unclear but claims in 1959 it was exposed by its magazine.Zeev Schiff, Raphael Rothstein (1972). Fedayeen; Guerillas Against Israel. McKay, p.58; Schiff and Rothstein claim Fatah was founded in 1959. Salah Khalaf and Khalil al-Wazir state Fatah’s first formal meeting was in October 1959. See Anat N.Kurz (2005) Fatah and the Politics of Violence: The Institutionalization of a Popular Struggle. Brighton, Portland: Sussex Academic Press (Jaffee Centre for Strategic Studies), pp.29–30 Arafat spent much of his life fighting against Israel in the name of Palestinian self-determination. Originally opposed to Israel's existence, he modified his position in 1988 when he accepted UN Security Council Resolution 242.
http://wn.com/Yasser_Arafat
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Algeria
Algeria (Arabic: , al-Jazā’ir, Berber: Dzayer, French: Algérie), officially the '''People's Democratic Republic of Algeria (also formally referred to as the Democratic and Popular Republic of Algeria'''), is a country in North Africa. In terms of land area, it is the largest country on the Mediterranean Sea, the second largest on the African continent after Sudan, and the eleventh-largest country in the world.
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Anton Szandor LaVey
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Assisi
Assisi (, from the ) is a town and comune of Italy in province of Perugia, in the Umbria region and on the western flank of Monte Subasio.
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Astana
Astana (), formerly known as Akmola (Kazakh: Ақмола / Aqmola / اقمولا, until 1998), Tselinograd (, until 1992) and Akmolinsk (Russian: Акмолинск, until 1961), is the capital and second largest city (after Almaty) of Kazakhstan, with an officially estimated population of 691,529 as of 1 March 2010. It is located in the north-central portion of Kazakhstan, within Akmola Province, though administrated separately from the province as a federal city area.
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Australia
{{Infobox country
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Bank of Sweden
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Belo Horizonte
Belo Horizonte (lit. "Beautiful Horizon", ) is the capital and largest-city of the state of Minas Gerais, located in the southeastern region of Brazil. It is the third-largest metropolitan area in the country. Belo Horizonte (or "Beagá", as it is also familiarly known from the sound of its initials "BH" in Portuguese) has a population of over 2.4 million, or almost 5.4 million in the official Metropolitan Area.
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Bolivia
Bolivia (), officially known as the Plurinational State of Bolivia, (, ) is a landlocked country in central South America. It is bordered by Brazil to the north and east, Paraguay and Argentina to the south, and Chile and Peru to the west.
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Boston
Boston (pronounced ) is the capital and largest city in Massachusetts, and is one of the oldest cities in the United States. The largest city in New England, Boston is regarded as the unofficial "Capital of New England" for its economic and cultural impact on the entire New England region. Boston city proper had a 2009 estimated population of 645,169, making it the twentieth largest in the country. Boston is also the anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area called Greater Boston, home to 4.5 million people and the tenth-largest metropolitan area in the country. Greater Boston as a commuting region includes six Massachusetts counties, Essex, Middlesex, Norfolk, Suffolk, Plymouth, and Worcester, all of Rhode Island and parts of New Hampshire; it is home to 7.5 million people, making it the fifth-largest Combined Statistical Area in the United States.
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Bougainville Island
Bougainville Island is the main island of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville of Papua New Guinea. This region is also known as Bougainville Province or the North Solomons. The population of the province is 175,160 (2000 census), which includes the adjacent island of Buka and assorted outlying islands including the Carterets. Although Bougainville Island is geographically part of the Solomon Islands archipelago, the nation of the Solomon Islands is a separate state.
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Brazil
Brazil (; , ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (, ), is the largest country in South America. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population. It is the only Portuguese-speaking country in the Americas and the largest lusophone country in the world.
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California
California (pronounced ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third-largest by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California is also the most populous sub-national entity in North America. It's on the U.S. West Coast, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and by the states of Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, Baja California, Mexico, to the south. Its 5 largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Long Beach, with Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose each having at least 1 million residents. Like many populous states, California's capital, Sacramento is smaller than the state's largest city, Los Angeles. The state is home to the nation's 2nd- and 6th-largest census statistical areas and 8 of the nation's 50 most populous cities. California has a varied climate and geography and a multi-cultural population.
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Cambodia
The "Kingdom of Cambodia" "Royaume du Cambodge" (official name), also known as Cambodia, derived from Sanskrit Kambujadesa ()), is a country in Southeast Asia that borders Thailand to the west and northwest, Laos to the northeast, Vietnam to the east, and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. The geography of Cambodia is dominated by rivers and a lake namely: The Mekong River (Upper and Lower) (Khmer: ទន្លេមេគង្គ Tonlé Mékong Pronounced: Tonlé Mékung = Mother Water River), Sab River Tonlé Sap (Khmer: ទន្លេសាប Pronounced: Tonlé Sab = Fresh Water River), Bassac River Tonlé Bassac (Khmer: ទន្លេបាសាក់ Pronounced: Tonlé Bassuck = ?)
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Canada
Canada () is a country in North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.
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Cape Canaveral
Cape Canaveral, from the Spanish Cabo Cañaveral, is a headland in Brevard County, Florida, United States, near the center of the state's Atlantic coast. Known as Cape Kennedy from 1963 to 1973, it lies east of Merritt Island, separated from it by the Banana River. It is part of a region known as the Space Coast, and is the site of the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. Since many U.S. spacecraft are launched from both the station and the Kennedy Space Center on Merritt Island, the terms "Cape Canaveral," "Canaveral" or even "The Cape" have become metonyms that refer to both as the launch site of spacecraft. In homage to its spacefaring heritage, the Florida Public Service Commission allocated "321" as the telephone area code for Cape Canaveral and surrounding counties.
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Chechnya
The Chechen Republic (; , Chechenskaya Respublika; , Noxçiyn Respublika), or, informally, Chechnya (; ; , Noxçiyçö), sometimes referred to as Ichkeria, Chechnia, Chechenia or Noxçiyn, is a federal subject of Russia. It is located in southeastern part of Europe, in the Northern Caucasus mountains, in the North Caucasian Federal District. As of 1 January 2010, the population was 1,267,740 (according to Russian State statistics).
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Colorado
Colorado (pronounced or, chiefly by outsiders, ) is a U.S. state that encompasses most of the Southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains. Colorado is part of the Western United States, the Mountain States, and the Southwestern United States.
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Croatia
Croatia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Croatia (Croatian: Republika Hrvatska ), is a country in Central Europe and Southeastern Europe at the crossroads of the Pannonian Plain, the Balkans, and the Adriatic Sea. Its capital and largest city is Zagreb. Croatia borders Slovenia to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the southeast, Serbia to the east, and Montenegro to the southeast.
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Cuba
The Republic of Cuba (; , ) is an island country in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos.
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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic ( ; , , short form Česko ) is a landlocked country in Central Europe. The country borders Poland to the northeast, Germany to the west and northwest, Austria to the south and Slovakia to the east. The Czech Republic has been a member of NATO since 1999 and of the European Union since 2004. The Czech Republic is also a member of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE). As an OSCE participating State, the Czech Republic’s international commitments are subject to monitoring under the mandate of the U.S. Helsinki Commission. From 1 January 2009 to 30 June 2009, the Czech Republic held the Presidency of the Council of the European Union.
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Denver
The City and County of Denver (pronounced ) is the capital and the most populous city of the U.S. state of Colorado. Denver is a consolidated city-county, located in the South Platte River Valley on the High Plains, just east of the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains. The Denver downtown district is located immediately east of the confluence of Cherry Creek with the South Platte River, approximately east of the foothills of the Rocky Mountains. Denver is nicknamed the "Mile-High City" because its elevation is one mile, or above sea level. The 105th meridian west of Greenwich passes through Union Station and is the temporal reference for the Mountain Time Zone.
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Des Moines, Iowa
Des Moines () is the capital and the most populous city in the U.S. state of Iowa. It is also the county seat of Polk County. A small portion of the city extends into Warren County. It was incorporated on September 22, 1851, as Fort Des Moines which was shortened to "Des Moines" in 1857. It is named after the Des Moines River, which may have been adapted from the French Rivière des Moines, literally meaning "River of the Monks." The five-county metropolitan area is ranked 91st in terms of population in the United States according to 2009 estimates with 562,906 residents according to United States Census Bureau. The city proper population was 198,682 at the 2000 census.
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Egypt
Egypt (; , Miṣr, ; Egyptian Arabic: مصر, Maṣr, ; Coptic: , ; Greek: Αίγυπτος, Aiguptos; Egyptian:
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England
England () is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
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Ermua
Ermua is a town and municipality located in the province of Biscay, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain.
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Fairfax, Virginia
This article refers to the independent city of Fairfax, Virginia. For the surrounding unincorporated area of Fairfax County with a Fairfax postal address, please see Fairfax County, Virginia
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FBI
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France
{{Infobox Country
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Guyana
Guyana ( ), officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana and previously known as British Guiana, is a state on the northern coast of South America that is culturally part of the Anglophone Caribbean. Guyana has been a former colony of the British, Dutch and for a brief period, the French. It is the only state of the Commonwealth of Nations on mainland South America, and is also a member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), which has its secretariat headquarters in Guyana's capital, Georgetown. Guyana achieved independence from the United Kingdom on 26 May 1966 and became a Republic on 23 February 1970.
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Hawaii
: For geographic details see Geography and environment or Hawaiian Islands.
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Hebron
Hebron (Arabic: ; Hebrew: , Standard Hebrew: , Tiberian: ), is located in the southern West Bank, 30 km (19 mi) south of Jerusalem. Nestling in the Judean Mountains, it lies 930 meters (3,050 ft) above sea level. It is the largest city in the West Bank and home to around 165,000 Palestinians, and over 500 Israeli settlers concentrated in and around the old quarter. The city is most notable for containing the traditional burial site of the biblical Patriarchs and Matriarchs and is therefore considered the second-holiest city in Judaism. The city is also venerated by Muslims as the burial place of the prophet Abraham. and was traditonally viewed as one of the "four holy cities of Islam."
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Hong Kong
Hong Kong () is one of two special administrative regions (SARs) of the People's Republic of China (PRC), the other being Macau. Situated on China's south coast and enclosed by the Pearl River Delta and South China Sea, it is renowned for its expansive skyline and deep natural harbour. With a land mass of and a population of seven million people, Hong Kong is one of the most densely populated areas in the world. Hong Kong's population is 95 percent ethnic Chinese and 5 percent from other groups. Hong Kong's Han Chinese majority originate mainly from the cities of Guangzhou and Taishan in the neighbouring Guangdong province.
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Houston, Texas
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Hungary
Hungary ( ), officially the Republic of Hungary (Magyar Köztársaság ), is a landlocked country in the Carpathian Basin in Central Europe, bordered by Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. Its capital is Budapest. Hungary is a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, and is a Schengen state. The official language is Hungarian, the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe, being part of the Finno-Ugric family.
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India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Indonesia
Indonesia ( or ), officially the Republic of Indonesia (), is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania. Indonesia comprises 17,508 islands. With a population of around 238 million people, it is the world's fourth most populous country, and has the world's largest population of Muslims. Indonesia is a republic, with an elected legislature and president. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia. Other neighboring countries include Singapore, Philippines, Australia, and the Indian territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Indonesia is a founding member of ASEAN and a member of the G-20 major economies.
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Intel
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Iran
Iran ( ), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in Central Eurasia and Western Asia. The name Iran has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was also known to the western world as Persia. Both Persia and Iran are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.
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Iraq
Iraq ( or , Arabic: ), officially the Republic of Iraq (Arabic:
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Italy
Italy (; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a country located in south-central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia — the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea — and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, whilst Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.4 million inhabitants, it is the sixth most populous country in Europe, and the twenty-third most populous in the world.
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Jarrell, Texas
Jarrell is a city in Williamson County, Texas, United States and is located about 12 miles north of Georgetown, Texas or about 38 miles north of Austin. The population was 1,319 according to the 2000 census and 1,448 according to a 2008 Census Bureau estimate.
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Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan (also spelled Kazakstan, , Qazaqstan, قازاقستان, pronounced ; ), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a country located in Central Asia and partially in East Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world, it is also the world's largest landlocked country; its territory of 2,727,300 km² is greater than Western Europe. It is neighbored clockwise from the north by Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and also borders on a significant part of the Caspian Sea. The capital was moved in 1997 from Almaty, Kazakhstan's largest city, to Astana.
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Kensington Palace
Kensington Palace is a royal residence set in Kensington Gardens in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea in London, England. It has been a residence of the British Royal Family since the 17th century. Today it is the official residence of The Duke and Duchess of Gloucester, the Duke and Duchess of Kent and Prince and Princess Michael of Kent. Kensington Palace is also used on an unofficial basis by Prince Harry, as well as his cousin Zara Phillips.
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Kinshasa
Kinshasa (formerly French: Léopoldville, and Dutch: ) is the capital and largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, known as Zaire from 1971 to 1997. The city is located on the Congo River.
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Lebanon
Lebanon ( or ; ; ), officially the Republic of Lebanon (Arabic: ; French: ), is a country on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland has dictated its rich history, and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity.
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Lima, Peru
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London
London () is the capital of England and the United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who called it Londinium. London's core, the ancient City of London, largely retains its square-mile mediaeval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, the name London has also referred to the metropolis developed around this core. The bulk of this conurbation forms the London region and the Greater London administrative area, governed by the elected Mayor of London and the London Assembly.
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Lorain, Ohio
Lorain is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States. The municipality is located in northeastern Ohio on Lake Erie, at the mouth of the Black River, about 30 miles west of Cleveland.
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Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; , Spanish for "The Angels") is the second most populous city in the United States, the most populous city in the state of California and the western United States, with a population of 3.83 million within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Los Angeles extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of over 14.8 million and it is the 14th largest urban area in the world, affording it megacity status. The metropolitan statistical area (MSA) is home to nearly 12.9 million residents while the broader Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside combined statistical area (CSA) contains nearly 17.8 million people. Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most multicultural counties in the United States. The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos" ().
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Lufthansa
Deutsche Lufthansa AG (, ) () is the flag carrier of Germany and the largest airline in Europe in terms of overall passengers carried. The name of the company is derived from Luft (the German word for "air"), and Hansa (after Hanseatic League, the powerful medieval trading group).
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Luke Woodham
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Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts () is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. Most of its population of 6.6 million lives in the Boston metropolitan area. The eastern half of the state consists of urban, suburban, and rural areas, while Western Massachusetts is mostly rural. Massachusetts is the most populous of the six New England states and ranks third among U.S. states in GDP per capita.
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Maze (HM Prison)
'''Her Majesty's Prison Maze (known colloquially as Maze Prison, The Maze, The H Blocks or Long Kesh''') was a prison in Northern Ireland that was used to house paramilitary prisoners during the Troubles from mid-1971 to mid-2000.
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Mecca
Mecca (), also spelled Makkah (occasionally 'Bakkah') (; Makkah and in full: transliterated Makkah Al Mukarramah ) is a city in Saudi Arabia, and the holiest meeting site in Islam, closely followed by Medina.
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Microsoft
Microsoft Corporation is a public multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions. Established on April 4, 1975 to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800, Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system (OS) market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by the Microsoft Windows line of OSs. The ensuing rise of stock in the company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO) made an estimated four billionaires and 12,000 millionaires from Microsoft employees. Microsoft would come to dominate other markets as well, notably the office suite market with Microsoft Office.
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Mir
{{Infobox Space station
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Montserrat
Montserrat () is a British overseas territory located in the Leeward Islands, part of the chain of islands called the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean Sea. It measures approximately 16 km (10 miles) long and 11 km (7 miles) wide, giving of coastline. Christopher Columbus gave Montserrat its name on his second voyage to the New World in 1493, after Montserrat mountain located in Catalonia. Montserrat is nicknamed the Emerald Isle of the Caribbean, both for its resemblance to coastal Ireland and for the Irish descent of its inhabitants.
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NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA, ) is an Executive Branch agency of the United States government, responsible for the nation's civilian space program and aeronautics and aerospace research. Since February 2006, NASA's self-described mission statement is to "pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research."
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NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization or NATO ( ; ), also called the "(North) Atlantic Alliance", is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on 4 April 1949. The NATO headquarters are in Brussels, Belgium, and the organization constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party.
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New Brunswick
New Brunswick (; ) is one of Canada's three Maritime provinces and is the only constitutionally bilingual province (English and French) in the federation. The provincial capital is Fredericton, while Saint John is the most populous city. Statistics Canada estimates the provincial population in 2009 to be 750,457; a majority are English-speaking, but there is also a large Francophone minority (33%), chiefly of Acadian origin.
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New Jersey
New Jersey (, ) is a state in the Northeastern and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. It is bordered on the northeast by New York, on the southeast and south by the Atlantic Ocean, on the west by Pennsylvania and on the southwest by Delaware. New Jersey lies largely within the sprawling metropolitan areas of New York City and Philadelphia. It is the most densely populated state in the United States.
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New South Wales
New South Wales (abbreviated as NSW), Australia's most populous state, is located in the south-east of the country, north of Victoria, south of Queensland, east of South Australia and encompasses the whole of the Australian Capital Territory. The colony of New South Wales was founded in 1788 and originally comprised much of the Australian mainland, as well as Van Diemen's Land, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island in addition to the area currently referred to as the state of New South Wales, which was formed during Federation in 1901.
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Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.
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Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland (, Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann) is one of the four countries of the United Kingdom. Situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, it shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west. At the time of the 2001 UK Census, its population was 1,685,000, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the population of the United Kingdom.
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Ottawa
Ottawa ( or ) is the capital of Canada, a municipality and the second largest city within the province of Ontario. Located in the Ottawa Valley, in the eastern portion of Southern Ontario, the city lies on the Ottawa River, a major waterway forming the local boundary between the provinces of Ontario and Quebec.
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Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea ( , also or ; Tok Pisin: Papua Niugini) (PNG), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is a country in Oceania, occupying the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and numerous offshore islands (the western portion of the island is a part of the Indonesian provinces of Papua and West Papua). It is located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean, in a region defined since the early 19th century as Melanesia. The capital is Port Moresby.
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Pattaya
Pattaya (, , ) is a city in Thailand, located on the east coast of the Gulf of Thailand, about 165 km southeast of Bangkok located within but not part of Amphoe Bang Lamung (Banglamung) in the province of Chonburi.
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Pearl, Mississippi
Pearl is a city in Rankin County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 21,961 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Jackson Metropolitan Statistical Area.
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Plymouth, Montserrat
Plymouth was the capital as well as the only port of entry to Montserrat, an overseas territory of the United Kingdom located in the Caribbean Sea.
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Poland
Poland (), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous Slavic member.
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Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island (PEI or P.E.I.; , Scottish Gaelic: ''Eilean a' Phrionnsa'') is a Canadian province consisting of an island of the same name, as well as other islands. The maritime province is the smallest in the nation in both land area and population (excluding the territories). The island has a few other names: "Garden of the Gulf" referring to the pastoral scenery and lush agricultural lands throughout the province; and "Birthplace of Confederation", referring to the Charlottetown Conference in 1864, although PEI did not join the confederation itself until 1873 when it became the seventh Canadian province.
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Relizane
Relizane (Arabic: غلیزان Tifinagh: Ighil Izan) is a capital town of Relizane Province, Algeria.
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Republic of Ireland
Ireland (, , , ), described as the Republic of Ireland (), is a state in northwest Europe with a population of almost 4.5 million people. It is a parliamentary democratic constitutional republic occupying approximately five-sixths of the island of Ireland, which was partitioned into two jurisdictions in 1921. It is bordered to the northeast by Northern Ireland, which is a part of the United Kingdom, and is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the Irish Sea to the east, St George's Channel to the southeast, and the Celtic Sea to the south.
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Roslin, Scotland
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Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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Rwanda
The Republic of Rwanda (, , or in English, or in Kinyarwanda) is a unitary republic of central and eastern Africa. It borders Uganda to the north; Tanzania to the east; Burundi to the south; and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. Rwanda is landlocked but is noted for its lakes, particularly Lake Kivu, which occupies the floor of the Rift Valley along most of the country's western border. Although close to the equator, the country has a temperate climate due to its high elevation, with the highest point being Mount Karisimbi. The terrain consists of mountains and gently rolling hills, with plains and swamps in the east. Abundant wildlife, including rare mountain gorillas, have led to a fast-growing tourism sector. The largest cities in Rwanda are Kigali, Gitarama, and Butare. Unlike many African countries, Rwanda is home to only one significant ethnic and linguistic group, the Banyarwanda. The country is well known for its native styles of dance, particularly the Intore dance, and for its drummers. Kinyarwanda, English and French are the official languages.
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Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland includes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
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Serbia
Serbia (pronounced: ), officially the Republic of Serbia (), is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central- and Southeastern Europe, covering the southern lowlands of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans. Serbia borders Hungary to the north; Romania and Bulgaria to the east; the Republic of Macedonia to the south; and Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro to the west; its border with Albania is disputed. Serbia's capital city, Belgrade, is among the most populous in Southeastern Europe.
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Sichuan
({{zh|c=; Sichuanese Pinyin: Si4cuan1; ; Postal map spelling: Szechwan or Szechuan) is a province in Southwestern China with its capital in Chengdu. The current name of the province, 四川 (Sìchuān), is an abbreviation of 四川路 (Sì Chuānlù), or "Four circuits of rivers", which is itself abbreviated from 川峡四路 (Chuānxiá Sìlù), or "Four circuits of rivers and gorges", named after the division of the existing circuit into four during the Northern Song Dynasty.
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Sierra Leone
Sierra Leone () (Krio: Sa Lone), officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Guinea to the north and east, Liberia to the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west and southwest. Sierra Leone covers a total area of and has a population estimated at 6.5 million. It is a former British Colony and now a constitutional republic comprising three provinces and the Western Area; which are further divided into fourteen districts.
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Snowy Mountains
The Snowy Mountains, known informally as "The Snowies", are the highest Australian mountain range and contain the Australian mainland's highest mountain, Mount Kosciuszko, which reaches 2,228 metres AHD, approximately 7310 feet.
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Soviet
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Sri Lanka
The Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (commonly known as Sri Lanka (, , or ); ; , ) is a country and a sovereign state off souther coast of the Indian subcontinent. A island nation in South Asia, it was till 1972 known as Ceylon (, , or ). Sri Lanka is surrounded by the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Mannar and the Palk Strait.
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Switzerland
Switzerland (, , , ), officially the Swiss Confederation (Confoederatio Helvetica in Latin, hence its ISO country codes CH and CHE), is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe where it is bordered by Germany to the north, France to the west, Italy to the south, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.
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Temple of Hatshepsut
http://wn.com/Temple_of_Hatshepsut -
Texas
Texas () is the second-largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state in the contiguous United States.
http://wn.com/Texas -
Thailand
Thailand ( or ; Ratcha Anachak Thai, ), formerly Siam (, ), is an independent country that lies in the heart of Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the southern extremity of Burma. Its maritime boundaries include Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand to the southeast and Indonesia and India in the Andaman Sea to the southwest.
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The United States
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Tokyo
, officially , is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan. It is located on the eastern side of the main island Honshū and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands. Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the .Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area, and the largest metropolitan area of Japan. It is the seat of the Japanese government and the Imperial Palace, and the home of the Japanese Imperial Family.
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Turkey
Turkey (), known officially as the Republic of Turkey (), is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between Eastern Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
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United States
The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
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USS Constitution
{|
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Wales
Wales ( ; pronounced ) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom, bordered by England to its east and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of three million and is officially bilingual with the Welsh and English languages having equal status. The Welsh language is an important element of Welsh culture. Its decline has reversed over recent years, with Welsh speakers estimated to be around 20% of the population of Wales.
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Washington, DC
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West Bank
The West Bank (, , , ''HaGadah HaMa'aravit'') is a landlocked territory and is the eastern part of the Palestinian territories; on the west bank of the Jordan River in the Middle East. To the west, north, and south, the West Bank shares borders with the state of Israel. To the east, across the Jordan River, lies the country of Jordan. The West Bank also contains a significant coastline along the western bank of the Dead Sea. Since 1967, most of the West Bank has been under Israeli military occupation as what it calls the Judea and Samaria Area. A smaller part of the West Bank is administered by the Israeli civilian authorities as part of Jerusalem District.
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Westminster Abbey
The Collegiate Church of St Peter at Westminster, which is almost always referred to popularly and informally as Westminster Abbey, is a large, mainly Gothic church, in Westminster, London, England (UK), located just to the west of the Palace of Westminster. It is the traditional place of coronation and burial site for English, later British and later still (and currently) monarchs of the Commonwealth Realms. It briefly held the status of a cathedral from 1546–1556, and is a Royal Peculiar.
http://wn.com/Westminster_Abbey
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DOM KENNEDY 1997
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:42
- Published: 08 Jul 2010
- Uploaded: 22 Nov 2011
- Author: DopeitsDom
Track #3 on From The Westside, With Love Directed by Matty Barnes for The Topshelf Company.com www.DopeitsDom.com
http://wn.com/DOM_KENNEDY_1997
Hateen - 1997
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:07
- Published: 26 Jun 2009
- Uploaded: 23 Nov 2011
- Author: HateenVEVO
Music video by Hateen performing 1997. (C) 2006 Arsenal Music
http://wn.com/Hateen__1997
Macworld Boston 1997-The Microsoft Deal
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:05
- Published: 29 Jan 2006
- Uploaded: 22 Nov 2011
- Author: peestandingup
Here we see Steve Jobs & the almost bankrupt at the time Apple Computer making a temporary deal with Bill Gates & Microsoft. The crowd was not too happy about it.
http://wn.com/Macworld_Boston_1997-The_Microsoft_Deal
Macworld Boston 1997-Full Version
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 38:31
- Published: 06 Mar 2006
- Uploaded: 22 Nov 2011
- Author: peestandingup
By request, here is the full version of the 1997 Boston Macworld expo where we see Steve Jobs for the first time since returning to work for Apple after being gone since 1985. This was a very historic time for Apple because they were almost bankrupt at the time, so Steve announces a temporary partnership with Microsoft to a very hostile crowd. Bill Gates also makes an appearance.
http://wn.com/Macworld_Boston_1997-Full_Version
1997 NBA Slam Dunk Competition
JUMP 8-16 INCHES HIGHER! Dunkers.741.com Guaranteed. BEST VERTICAL WORKOUTS. VIST dunkers.741.com! The 1997 NBA Slam Dunk Contest! Winner: Kobe Bryant Dunkers: Kobe Bryant, Chris Carr, Michael Finley, Darvin Ham, Ray Allen, Bob Sura
http://wn.com/1997_NBA_Slam_Dunk_Competition
![Titanic - Official Trailer [1997]](http://web.archive.org./web/20120301220832im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/zCy5WQ9S4c0/0.jpg "Titanic - Official Trailer [1997]")
Titanic - Official Trailer [1997]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:09
- Published: 19 Apr 2009
- Uploaded: 23 Nov 2011
- Author: MoviesHistory
Deep-sea explorer Brock Lovett has reached the most famous shipwreck of all - the Titanic. Emerging with a safe believed to contain a diamond called 'The Heart of the Ocean', he discovers the safe does not hold the diamond but a drawing of a beautiful woman wearing it. When Brock is later interviewed on TV, he shows the drawing to the cameras, and a 100-year-old woman named Rose Calvert living in Michigan recognizes the woman in the drawing - herself! On a visit to Brock's explorer ship over the wreck, Rose tells her story of the Titanic and its ill-fated voyage. Engaged to a would-be steel magnate, Caledon Hockley, she boards the Titanic's first-class suites with him & her mother in Southampton. Also boarding are Jack Dawson & his friend Fabrizio, after a lucky poker game wins them tickets in steerage. When Rose attempts suicide by jumping off the stern in 3rd class, Jack pulls her back onto the ship...and a bond is forged between them as Jack is invited by her into 1st-class the following day. Rose's mother & Cal Hockley try desperate measures to keep them apart. But that strategy goes out the window when the Titanic collides with an iceberg, and due to a design flaw begins to sink - despite being proclaimed 'unsinkable'. Now Rose & Jack must fight to stay alive, but is young Jack already doomed because of his lower status as a steerage passenger? Written by Derek O'Cain [IMDB.COM] Release: 19 December 1997 Running Time: 194 min Awards: Won 11 Oscars. Another 76 wins <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Titanic__Official_Trailer_ 1997
Apple's WWDC 1997
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 71:10
- Published: 06 Jun 2011
- Uploaded: 23 Nov 2011
- Author: superapple4ever
Propellerheads - History Repeating (1997) ►STEREO◄
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:55
- Published: 09 Apr 2008
- Uploaded: 23 Nov 2011
- Author: StereoDeluxe
Propellerheads featuring Shirley Bassey - History Repeating from "decksandrumsandrockandroll" (1997) 320x240 25fps 235k / 80k 44100Hz (12712303 bytes)928e
http://wn.com/Propellerheads__History_Repeating_1997_►STEREO◄
Led Zeppelin - Whole Lotta Love (1997 Promo)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:50
- Published: 20 Apr 2008
- Uploaded: 23 Nov 2011
- Author: ledzeppelin
© 2010 WMG Head over to www.upped.com for the MOTHERSHIP album on VINYL (makes a great holiday gift!) Led Zeppelin promo video: "Whole Lotta Love"(1997). LedZeppelin.com - Official Led Zeppelin Video Channel.
http://wn.com/Led_Zeppelin__Whole_Lotta_Love_1997_Promo
Fred Rogers Acceptance Speech - 1997
Fred Rogers Accepts the Lifetime Achievement Award at the 24th Annual Daytime Emmy Awards. Throughout his career Fred Rogers, both on television and off, emphasized the importance of creating a peaceful environment, and world where all children could grow and learn. "Our goal as a nation must be to make sure that no child is denied the chance to grow in knowledge and character from their very first years," Rogers said at a White House gathering for Early Childhood Initiative, a program for promoting literacy. "In Mister Rogers' Neighborhood, every child is welcome into the world of learning -- not just a few, not just ones from certain neighborhoods, but every child." Rogers was the recipient of two Peabody Awards, the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian award, and four Emmy Awards, including the Lifetime Achievement Award, which was bestowed to him in 1997. Rogers, known for always taking the time to remember, reminded the audience that night that thoughtful expression should be followed by thoughtful reflection. As a reminder, below is Mr. Rogers' acceptance speech. "So many people have helped me to come here to this night. Some of you are here, some are far away and some are even in Heaven. All of us have special ones who loved us into being. Would you just take, along with me, 10 seconds to think of the people who have helped you become who you are, those who cared about you and wanted what was best for you in life. 10 seconds, I'll watch the <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/Fred_Rogers_Acceptance_Speech__1997
Elton John - Candle in the Wind 1997 (Princess Diana)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:16
- Published: 11 Aug 2007
- Uploaded: 21 Nov 2011
- Author: gabriela2415
Goodbye England's Rose
http://wn.com/Elton_John__Candle_in_the_Wind_1997_Princess_Diana
Steve Jobs Oldie but Goodie
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:55
- Published: 06 Nov 2008
- Uploaded: 22 Nov 2011
- Author: fredburt2005
Steve Jobs, back in the day, telling us how simple brands really need to be.
http://wn.com/Steve_Jobs_Oldie_but_Goodie
Sleepytime Gorilla Museum - 1997
"1997 (Tonight We're Gonna Party Like It's)" performed by the Sleepytime Gorilla Museum.
http://wn.com/Sleepytime_Gorilla_Museum__1997
Steve Jobs describes iCloud -- in 1997
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:00
- Published: 23 Sep 2011
- Uploaded: 22 Nov 2011
- Author: pelmerdewitt
A clip from his famous 1997 WWDC Q&A in which he lays out his vision of cloud computing.
http://wn.com/Steve_Jobs_describes_iCloud_-_in_1997
1997 North Hollywood Shootout pt.1
Part 1,documentary about NHS The famous Bank of America robbery North Hollywood shootout was an armed confrontation between two heavily-armed and armored bank robbers Larry Eugene Phillips Jr & Emil Dechebal Matasareanu and patrol and SWAT officers of the LAPD on February 28 1997 at a Bank of America teler-office Two suspects were killed and 15 people were injured, including 10 policemen. None of the injuries incurred during the hour-long shootout was "life threatening," Los Angeles Police Chief Willie Williams said. Although only the suspects were killed, the sheer number of injuries made this one of the bloodiest single cases of violent crime in the 1990's and one of the most significant single bank robberies of the 20th century
http://wn.com/1997_North_Hollywood_Shootout_pt1
Radiohead - Paranoid Android (on Jools Holland, 1997)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:28
- Published: 07 Feb 2006
- Uploaded: 23 Nov 2011
- Author: noname1209
Check it. Content (c) BBC
http://wn.com/Radiohead__Paranoid_Android_on_Jools_Holland,_1997
Love Parade 1997 - Sunshine
Dr Motte & Westbam - Love Parade 1997 July 05 - Sunshine
http://wn.com/Love_Parade_1997__Sunshine
BeeGees - One - 1997
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:28
- Published: 17 Apr 2008
- Uploaded: 18 Nov 2011
- Author: willianlittlehead
One Night Only is a live album by the Bee Gees. It features the group's concert at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, in 1997 and includes many of their greatest hits. Bee Gees performed songs from every decade from the 1960s to the 1990s. They also sang a tribute song to their late brother Andy Gibb, "(Our Love) Don't Throw It All Away". During this song old footage of Andy is shown, including him singing the second verse of the song. The vocals from the original recording also play during that section. Céline Dion guest starred on the Bee Gees-penned "Immortality". Recorded vocals by Frankie Valli are featured during "Grease", and are also taken from the original song Throughout the concert a "movie screen" appears in the background which shows footage of their video clip with the song they are singing. Also, many details of the Bee Gees' lives are provided, for example their positive experiences with the Wagga Police Boy's Club, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia. They also mention "great Australian" like Olivia Newton-John, who attended the concert. Personnel * Barry Gibb - Guitar, Vocals * Maurice Gibb - Keyboards, Guitar, Vocals * Robin Gibb - Vocals * Matt Bonelli - Bass * Stephen Gibb - Guitar * Alan Kendall - Lead Guitar * Steve Rucker - Drums * Ben Stivers - Keyboards * John Merchant - Off-Stage Keyboards * Celine Dion - Vocals on "Immortality" * Andy Gibb - Pre-recorded vocals on "(Our Love) Don't Throw It All Away" * Frankie Valli - Pre <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/BeeGees__One__1997
![Suede - Filmstar [1997]](http://web.archive.org./web/20120301220832im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/yX5LifacYe8/0.jpg "Suede - Filmstar [1997]")
Suede - Filmstar [1997]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:24
- Published: 09 Jan 2006
- Uploaded: 23 Nov 2011
- Author: electricringo
Filmstar music video featured fan club members from all over the world. Priority was for fans from outside UK. Suede played the song several times, plus a few other songs in that shot. Source: essentialsuede.com
http://wn.com/Suede__Filmstar_ 1997
The Fifth Element Music Video (1997) (RyoDrake Productions)
The Fifth Element music video was a student project by Jason Munoz (RyoDrake Productions) in 1997.
http://wn.com/The_Fifth_Element_Music_Video_1997_RyoDrake_Productions
Steve about cloud computing in 1997
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:55
- Published: 05 Jun 2011
- Uploaded: 21 Nov 2011
- Author: JacobsFrederic
Here is Steve introducing the iCloud in 1997
http://wn.com/Steve_about_cloud_computing_in_1997
Members of Mayday - Sonic Empire 1997
Members of Mayday - Sonic Empire
http://wn.com/Members_of_Mayday__Sonic_Empire_1997
Bee Gees - Grease (live, 1997)
The Bee Gees during their One Night Only tour at the MGM Grand in Las Vegas.
http://wn.com/Bee_Gees__Grease_live,_1997
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photo: UN / Mathew Elavanalthoduka
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__NOTOC__
1997 (MCMXCVII) was a common year that started on a Wednesday. In the Gregorian calendar, it was the 1997th year of the Common Era, or of the Anno Domini designation; the 997th year of the 2nd millennium; the 97th year of the 20th century; and the 8th of the 1990s.
January 17 – A Delta II rocket carrying a military GPS payload explodes, shortly after liftoff from Cape Canaveral.
January 18 – In northwest Rwanda, Hutu militia members kill 3 Spanish aid workers, 3 soldiers, and seriously wound another.
January 19 – Yasser Arafat returns to Hebron after more than 30 years, and joins celebrations over the handover of the last Israeli-controlled West Bank city.
January 20 – U.S. President Bill Clinton is inaugurated for his second term.
January 22 – Madeleine Albright becomes the first female Secretary of State, after confirmation by the United States Senate.
January 23 – Mir Aimal Kasi is sentenced to death for a 1993 assault rifle attack outside CIA headquarters that killed 2 and wounded 3.
January 27 – It is revealed that French museums had nearly 2,000 pieces of art that had been stolen by Nazis.
February 4
* On their way to Lebanon, 2 Israeli troop-transport helicopters collide, killing 73.
* After at first contesting the results, Serbian President Slobodan Milošević recognizes opposition victories in the November 1996 elections.
* British Home Secretary Michael Howard informs Moors Murderer Myra Hindley that she will never be released from prison. Mr. Howard has made the decision in agreement with a recommendation made by his predecessor David Waddington in 1990.
February 5
* The so-called "Big Three" banks in Switzerland announced the creation of a $71 million fund to aid Holocaust survivors and their families.
* Morgan Stanley and Dean Witter Reynolds investment banks announced a $10 billion merger.
February 10
* The United States Army suspends Gene C. McKinney, Sergeant Major of the Army, its top-ranking enlisted soldier, after hearing allegations of sexual misconduct.
* Sandline affair: Australian newspapers publish stories that the government of Papua New Guinea has brought mercenaries onto Bougainville Island.
February 13
* ''STS-82'': Tune-up and repair work on the Hubble Space Telescope is started by astronauts from ''Space Shuttle Discovery''.
* The Dow Jones Industrial Average closes above 7,000 for the first time, gaining 60.81 to 7,022.44.
February 22 – In Roslin, Scotland, scientists announce that an adult sheep named Dolly had been successfully cloned, and was born in July 1996.
February 23 – A small fire occurs on the Russian space station Mir.
February 27 – Divorce becomes legal in the Republic of Ireland.
February 28 – North Hollywood shootout: Two robbers wearing kevlar body armor armed with AKMs containing armor-piercing bullets injure 17 police officers and civilians in a gun battle. The incident sparked debate on the appropriate firepower for United States patrol officers to have available in similar situations in the future.
March 4 – U.S. President Bill Clinton bars federal funding for any research on human cloning.
March 6
* President of Guyana, Cheddi Jagan dies in office.
* Pablo Picasso's ''Tête de Femme'' is stolen from a London gallery (recovered a week later).
* In Sri Lanka, Tamil Tigers overrun a military base and kill more than 200.
March 13
* India's Missionaries of Charity chooses Sister Nirmala to succeed Mother Teresa as its leader.
* The National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China creates a new Chongqing Municipality, out of part of Sichuan.
* The Phoenix Lights are seen over Phoenix, AZ.
March 16 – Sandline affair: On Bougainville Island, soldiers of commander Jerry Singirok arrest Tim Spicer and his mercenaries of the Sandline International.
March 18 – The tail of a Russian An-24 charter plane breaks off while en-route to Turkey, causing the plane to crash, killing all 50 on board, and resulting in the grounding of all An-24s.
March 21
* In Zaire, Etienne Tshiksekedi is appointed prime minister; he ejects supporters of Mobutu Sese Seko from his cabinet.
* Mercenaries of Sandline International withdraw from Papua New Guinea.
March 22
* Tara Lipinski, 14, becomes the youngest women's world figure skating champion.
* The Comet Hale-Bopp makes its closest approach to Earth.
March 24 – The 69th Academy Awards, hosted by Billy Crystal, are held at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California, with ''The English Patient'' winning Best Picture.
March 26
* In San Diego, California, 39 Heaven's Gate cultists commit mass suicide at their compound.
* Julius Chan resigns as prime minister of Papua New Guinea, ending the Sandline affair.
April 3 – The Thalit massacre in Algeria: All but one of the 53 inhabitants of Thalit are killed by guerrillas.
April 11 – Fire damages the Turin Cathedral in Italy.
April 14
Fire breaks out in a pilgrim camp on the Plain of Mena, from Mecca; 343 die.
* Former SS Captain Erich Priebke is retried; on July 22 he is sentenced to 5 years in prison.
April 16 – Houston, Texas socialite Doris Angleton is murdered in her River Oaks home. Roger Angleton later admits to the crime in his suicide note. Despite being found innocent of the crime by a Texas jury, he is later arrested by the United States Department of Justice on similar charges.
April 18 – The Red River of the North breaks through dikes and floods Grand Forks, North Dakota and East Grand Forks, Minnesota, causing US$ 2 billion in damage.
April 21 – A Pegasus rocket carries the remains of 24 people into earth orbit, in the first space burial.
April 22
* Haouch Khemisti massacre: 93 villagers are killed in Algeria.
* A 126-day hostage crisis at the residence of the Japanese ambassador in Lima, Peru ends after government commandos storm and capture the building, rescuing 71 hostages. One hostage dies of a heart attack, 2 soldiers are killed by rebel fire, and all 14 Tupac Amaru rebels are slain.
* France supports the new transitional government in Zaire, withdrawing its support of Mobutu Sese Seko.
April 23 – 42 villagers are killed in the Omaria massacre in Algeria.
April 27 – Andrew Cunanan murders Jeffrey Trail, beginning a murder spree that lasts until July and ends with the murder of fashion designer Gianni Versace.
April 29
* Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW), CWC treaty enters into force.
* Two trains crash at Hunan, China; 126 are killed.
May 2 – Tony Blair becomes Prime Minister in the United Kingdom.
May 3 – Katrina and the Waves win the Eurovision Song Contest 1997 for the UK with ''Love Shine a Light'', the most successful Eurovision entry ever.
May 10 – An earthquake near Ardekul, in northeastern Iran, kills at least 2,400.
May 11 – IBM's Deep Blue defeats Garry Kasparov in the last game of the rematch, the first time a computer beats a chess World champion in a match.
May 12 – The Russian-Chechen Peace Treaty is signed.
May 14 – The Star Alliance is formed between Air Canada, Lufthansa, Scandinavian Airlines System, Thai Airways International and United Airlines.
May 15 – The United States government acknowledges existence of the "Secret War" in Laos, and dedicates the Laos Memorial in honor of Hmong and other "Secret War" veterans.
May 16
* Mobutu Sese Seko leaves Kinshasa, eventually settling in Morocco.
* U.S. President Bill Clinton issues a formal apology to the surviving victims of the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis in the Negro Male and their families.
May 17 – Troops of Laurent Kabila march into Kinshasa.
May 22 – Kelly Flinn, the U.S. Air Force's first female bomber pilot certified for combat, accepts a general discharge in order to avoid a court martial.
May 23 – Mohammad Khatami won at 1997 Iranian presidential election and became first Iranian Reformist President.
May 25
* Strom Thurmond becomes the longest-serving member in the history of the United States Senate (41 years and 10 months).
* A military coup in Sierra Leone replaces President Ahmad Tejan Kabbah with Major Johnny Paul Koromah.
May 27 – The second-deadliest tornado of the 1990s hits in Jarrell, Texas, killing 27 people.
May 31 – The 13-kilometer Confederation Bridge, the world's longest bridge spanning ice covered waters, opens between Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, Canada.
June 1
* Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraqi military escorts on board an UNSCOM helicopter try to physically prevent the UNSCOM pilot from flying the helicopter in the direction of its planned destination, threatening the safety of the aircraft and their crews.
* Hugo Banzer wins the Presidential elections in Bolivia.
June 2 – In Denver, Colorado, Timothy McVeigh is convicted on 15 counts of murder and conspiracy for his role in the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing.
June 6 – In Lacey Township, New Jersey, high school senior Melissa Drexler kills her newborn baby in a toilet.
June 7 – A computer user known as "_eci" publishes his Microsoft C source code on a Windows 95 and Windows NT exploit, which later becomes WinNuke. The source code gets wide distribution across the internet, and Microsoft is forced to release a security patch.
June 8 – A United States Coast Guard helicopter crashes near Humboldt Bay, California; all 4 crewmembers perish.
June 10 – Khmer Rouge leader Pol Pot orders the killing of his defense chief, Son Sen, and 11 of Sen's family members, before Pol Pot flees his northern stronghold (the news does not reach outside Cambodia for 3 days).
June 11 – In the United Kingdom, the House of Commons votes for a total ban on handguns.
June 12 – The United States Department of the Treasury unveils a new $50 bill, meant to be more difficult to counterfeit.
June 13 – A jury sentences Timothy McVeigh to death for his part in the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing.
June 16 – About 50 are killed in the Dairat Labguer massacre in Algeria.
June 19 – The fast food chain McDonald's wins a partial victory in its libel trial, known as the McLibel case, against two environmental campaigners.
June 22 – Swedish musician Ted Gärdestad commits suicide by jumping in front of a train. He is found dead later that morning.
June 25
* A massive eruption of the Soufrière Hills volcano on the island of Montserrat leads to evacuation and eventual abandonment of the capital, Plymouth.
* An unmanned Progress spacecraft collides with the Russian space station Mir.
June 26 – Bertie Ahern is appointed as the 10th Taoiseach of the Republic of Ireland and Mary Harney is appointed as the 16th, and first female, Tánaiste, after their parties, Fianna Fáil and the Progressive Democrats respectively, win the 1997 General Election.
June 30 – Bloomsbury Publishing publish J. K. Rowling's ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'' in London.
July 1 – The United Kingdom hands sovereignty of Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China.
July 4 – NASA's Pathfinder space probe lands on the surface of Mars.
July 5 – In Cambodia, Hun Sen of the Cambodian People's Party overthrows Norodom Ranariddh in a coup.
July 7 – The Great Flood begins in southern Poland.
July 8
* Mayo Clinic researchers warn that the dieting drug "fen-phen" can cause severe heart and lung damage.
* NATO invites the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Poland to join the alliance in 1999.
July 10
* In London, scientists report their DNA analysis findings from a Neanderthal skeleton, which support the out of Africa theory of human evolution, placing an "African Eve" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
* Miguel Ángel Blanco is kidnapped in Ermua, Spain and murdered by the ETA.
July 11 – Thailand's worst hotel fire at Pattaya kills 90.
July 13 – The remains of Che Guevara are returned to Cuba for burial, alongside some of his comrades.
July 15 – Spree killer Andrew Cunanan shoots fashion designer Gianni Versace to death outside Versace's Miami, Florida residence.
July 16 – The Dow Jones Industrial Average gains 63.17 to close at 8,038.88. It is the Dow's first close above 8,000. The Dow has doubled its value in 30 months.
July 17 – The F.W. Woolworth Company closes after 117 years in business.
July 21 – On her 200th birthday, the fully restored USS Constitution (aka "Old Ironsides") sets sail for the first time in 116 years.
July 23 – Digital Equipment Corporation files antitrust charges against chipmaker Intel.
July 25 – K.R. Narayanan is sworn in as India's 10th president and the first member of the Dalit caste to hold this office.
July 27 – About 50 are killed in the Si Zerrouk massacre in Algeria.
July 30 – 18 people are killed in the Thredbo landslide in the Snowy Mountains resort in Australia. Stuart Diver is the only survivor.
August 1
* Boeing and McDonnell Douglas complete a merger.
* Steve Jobs returns to Apple Computer, Inc at Macworld in Boston.
August 2 – Australian ski instructor Stuart Diver is rescued as the sole survivor from the Thredbo landslide in New South Wales, in which 18 die.
August 3 – Between 40–76 villagers are killed in the Oued El-Had and Mezouara massacre in Algeria.
August 4
* 185,000 Teamsters Union United Parcel Service drivers walk off the job.
* Jeanne Calment, the oldest person ever, dies at age 122 years 164 days in Arles, France.
August 6
* Microsoft buys a $150 million share of financially troubled Apple Computer.
* Korean Air Flight 801 crash lands west of Guam International Airport, resulting in the deaths of 228 people.
August 13 – In Belo Horizonte, Brazil, Cruzeiro defeat Sporting Cristal of Peru 1–0, becoming the Copa Libertadores de América champions for the second time.
August 20 – Over 60 are killed, 15 kidnapped in the Souhane massacre in Algeria; .
August 26
* 60–100 are killed in the Beni-Ali massacre in Algeria.
* The Independent International Commission on Decommissioning is set up in Northern Ireland, as part of a peace process.
August 29 – Over 98 (and possibly up to 400) are killed in the Rais massacre in Algeria.
August 31 – Diana, Princess of Wales, is taken to hospital after a car accident shortly after midnight, in the Pont de l'Alma road tunnel in Paris. She is pronounced dead at 04:00 a.m
September 4 – In Lorain, Ohio, the last Ford Thunderbird for 3 years rolls off the assembly line.
September 5
* Over 87 are killed in the Beni-Messous massacre in Algeria.
* The International Olympic Committee picks Athens, Greece to be the host city for the 2004 Summer Olympics.
September 6
* The funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales takes place at Westminster Abbey, watched by over 2 billion people worldwide.
* A Jean Michel Jarre Oxygene in Moscow concert, celebrating the city's 850th anniversary, draws 3.5 million people.
September 7 – The F-22 Raptor makes its first test flight.
September 11 – Scotland votes to create its own Parliament after 290 years of union with England.
September 13 – Iraq disarmament crisis: An Iraqi military officer attacks an UNSCOM weapons inspector on board an UNSCOM helicopter, while the inspector attempts to take photographs of unauthorized movement of Iraqi vehicles inside a site designated for inspection.
September 15 – Norwegian parliamentary election, 1997
September 17 – Iraq disarmament crisis: While waiting for access to a site, UNSCOM inspectors witness and videotape Iraqi guards moving files, burning documents, and dumping waste cans into a nearby river.
September 18 – Wales votes in favour of devolution and the formation of a National Assembly.
September 19 – 53 are killed in the Guelb El-Kebir massacre in Algeria.
September 21 – The Islamic Salvation Army, the Islamic Salvation Fronts' armed wing, declares a unilateral ceasefire in Algeria.
September 25 – Iraq disarmament crisis: UNSCOM inspector Dr. Diane Seaman catches several Iraqi men sneaking out the back door of an inspection site, with log books for the creation of prohibited bacteria and chemicals.
September 26
* An air crash in Indonesia (likely caused by smoke rising from numerous forest fires in the area) kills 235 people (see Garuda Indonesia Flight 152).
* An earthquake strikes the Italian regions of Umbria and Marche, causing part of the Basilica of St. Francis at Assisi to collapse.
September 27 – The Roman Catholic Diocese of Požega in Croatia is founded.
October 1 – Luke Woodham walks into Pearl High School in Pearl, Mississippi and opens fire, killing 2 girls, after killing his mother earlier that morning.
October 2 – British scientists Moira Bruce and John Collinge, with their colleagues, independently show that the new variant form of the Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is the same disease as Bovine spongiform encephalopathy.
October 4
* One million men gather for Promise Keepers' "Stand in the Gap" event in Washington, DC.
* Loomis Fargo Bank Robbery: The second largest cash robbery in U.S. history ($17.3 million, mostly in small bills) occurs at the Charlotte, North Carolina office of Wells Fargo. An FBI investigation eventually results in 24 convictions and the recovery of approximately 95% of the stolen cash.
October 11 – The mixed martial arts organization PRIDE Fighting Championships holds its inaugural event at the Tokyo Dome in Tokyo, Japan. In the main event Rickson Gracie defeats Nobuhiko Takada by armbar.
October 12 – 43 are killed at a false roadblock, in the Sidi Daoud massacre in Algeria.
October 15
* Andy Green sets the first supersonic land speed record for the ThrustSSC team, led by Richard Noble of the UK. ThrustSSC goes through the flying mile course at Black Rock Desert, Nevada at an average speed of 1,227.985 km/h (763.035 mph).
* NASA launches the Cassini–Huygens probe to Saturn.
October 16 – The first color photograph appears on the front page of the New York Times.
October 17 – The remains of Che Guevara are laid to rest with full military honours in a specially built mausoleum in the city of Santa Clara, Cuba, where he had won the decisive battle of the Cuban Revolution 39 years before.
October 28 – In the U.S., the Dow Jones Industrial Average gains a record 337.17 points, closing at 7,498.32. One billion shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange for the first time ever.
October 29 – Iraq disarmament crisis: Iraq says it will begin shooting down Lockheed U-2 surveillance planes being used by UNSCOM inspectors.
October 30 – In Newton, Massachusetts, British au pair Louise Woodward is found guilty of the baby-shaking death of 8-month-old Matthew Eappen.
November 3 – In France, striking truck drivers blockade ports during a pay dispute.
November 10
* Telecom companies WorldCom and MCI Communications announce a US$37 billion merger to form MCI WorldCom (the largest merger in U.S. history).
* A Fairfax, Virginia jury finds Mir Aimal Kasi guilty of murdering 2 CIA employees in 1993.
November 11 – Mary McAleese is elected the 8th President of Ireland in succession to Mary Robinson, the first time in the world that one woman has succeeded another as elected head of state.
November 12 – Ramzi Yousef is found guilty of masterminding the World Trade Center 1993 bombings.
November 17 – In Luxor, Egypt, 62 people are killed by 6 Islamic militants outside the Temple of Hatshepsut.
November 19 – In Des Moines, Iowa, Bobbi McCaughey gives birth to septuplets in the second known case where all 7 babies are born alive, and the first in which all survive infancy.
November 27 – NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission is launched, the start of the satellite component of the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System.
December 3 – In Ottawa, Canada, representatives from 121 countries sign a treaty prohibiting the manufacture and deployment of anti-personnel land mines. However, the United States, the People's Republic of China, and Russia do not sign the treaty.
December 8 – Myra Hindley, one of the Moors murderers, arrives at the High Court of Justice, to contest a recent Home Secretary's decision that she should remain in prison until she dies.
December 10 – The capital of Kazakhstan is moved from Almaty to Astana.
December 11 – The Kyoto Protocol is adopted by a United Nations committee.
December 12 – Demonstrations occur in the state capitals of Australia against the WTO and IMF.
December 16 – "Dennō Senshi Porygon", an episode of the Pokémon TV series, is aired in Japan, inducing seizures in hundreds of Japanese children.
December 18 – Myra Hindley loses her High Court appeal against the government's decision to keep her behind bars for the rest of her life.
December 19
* Janet Jagan the former wife of Cheddi Jagan took office in Guyana.
* James Cameron's ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing film of all time until his other film ''Avatar'', premieres in the US.
December 24 – 50–100 villagers are killed in the Sid El-Antri massacre in Algeria.
December 27 – Ulster loyalist paramilitary leader Billy Wright is assassinated in Northern Ireland, inside Long Kesh prison.
December 29 – Hong Kong begins to kill all the chickens within its territory (1.25 million) to stop the spread of a potentially deadly influenza strain.
December 30 – Wilaya of Relizane massacres of December 30, 1997: In the worst incident in Algeria's insurgency, 400 are killed from four villages in the ''wilaya'' of Relizane.
January 11 – Cody Simpson, Australian singer-songwriter
January 14 – Nastya and Masha Tolmacheva (The Tolmachevy Twins), Russian singers
January 23 – Shaheen Jafargholi, Welsh actor
February 10 – Chloe Moretz, American actress
February 25 – Isabelle Fuhrman, American actress
March 3 – Max Jones, American journalist
March 18 – Ciara Bravo, American actress
April 1 – Asa Butterfield, English actor
June 20 – Maria Lark, Russian/American actress
June 21 – Rebecca Black, American singer
July 13 – Leo Howard, American actor
August 5 – Xu Jiao, Chinese actress
August 5 – Adam Irigoyen, American actor
August 10 – Kylie Jenner, American television personality
August 16 – Greyson Chance, American singer, songwriter and pianist
October 8 – Bella Thorne, American actress
November 1 – Alex Wolff, American singer,songwriter, and composer
January 1 – Townes Van Zandt, American folk singer (b. 1944)
January 4 – Harry Helmsley, American real estate mogul (b. 1909)
January 5 – Burton Lane, American composer and lyricist (b. 1912)
January 6 – Catherine Scorsese, Italian-American actress (b. 1912)
January 9 – Jesse White, American actor (b. 1917)
January 10
* Sheldon Leonard, American producer, actor, director (b. 1907)
* Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd, Scottish chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907)
January 12
* Charles Brenton Huggins, Canadian-born cancer researcher, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1901)
* Jill Summers, English actress (b. 1910)
January 16 – Ennis Cosby, comedian Bill Cosby's son (b. 1969)
January 17 – Clyde Tombaugh, American astronomer (b. 1906)
January 18 – Paul Tsongas, U.S. Senator from (Massachusetts) and one-time candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination (b. 1941)
January 19 – James Dickey, American poet and novelist (b. 1923)
January 20 – Curt Flood, American baseball player (b. 1938)
January 21 – Colonel Tom Parker, Dutch-born celebrity manager (b. 1909)
January 22 – Billy Mackenzie, Scottish singer (b. 1957)
January 23 – Richard Berry African-American singer and composer (b. 1935)
January 25 – Jeane Dixon, American astrologer (b. 1904)
January 27 – Cecil Arthur Lewis MC, British fighter pilot who flew in World War I and last surviving World War I ace (b. 1898)
January 31 – Johnny Klein, American drummer (b. 1918)
February 1
* Herb Caen, American newspaper columnist (b. 1916)
* Marjorie Reynolds, American actress (b. 1917)
February 2 – Chico Science, Brazilian musician (b. 1967)
February 5 – Pamela Harriman, U.S. Ambassador to France (b. 1920)
February 9 – Brian Connolly, Scottish musician (b. 1945)
February 11 – Don Porter, American actor (b. 1912)
February 12 – James Cossins, English actor (b. 1903)
February 17 – Zein Isa, Palestinian militant imprisoned in the United States for the honor killing of his daughter
February 19 – Deng Xiaoping, leader of the People's Republic of China (b. 1904)
February 23 – Tony Williams, American musician (b. 1945)
February 24 – Isabelle Lucas, Canadian-born British actress (b. 1927)
February 26 – David Doyle, American actor (b. 1929)
March 4
* Robert H. Dicke, American experimental physicist (b. 1916)
* Carey Loftin, American actor and stuntman (b. 1914)
March 6 – Cheddi Jagan, President of Guyana (b. 1918)
March 7
* Edward Mills Purcell, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1912)
* Martin Kippenberger, German artist (b. 1953)
March 9
* The Notorious B.I.G., American rapper (b. 1972)
* Terry Nation, Welsh screenwriter (b. 1930)
March 10 – La Vern Baker, American singer (b. 1929)
March 14 – Fred Zinnemann, Austrian-born director (b. 1907)
March 15 – Gail Davis, American actress (b. 1925)
March 17 – Jermaine Stewart, American singer (b. 1957)
March 19 – Willem de Kooning, Dutch artist (b. 1904)
March 20 – Tony Zale, American boxer (b. 1913)
March 21 – Wilbert Awdry, British children's writer (b. 1911)
March 21 – John Nemechek, NASCAR driver (b. 1970)
April 1 – Jolie Gabor, Hungarian socialite (b. 1896)
April 4 – Leo Picard, Israeli geologist and an expert in the field of hydrology (b. 1900)
April 5 – Allen Ginsberg, American poet (b. 1926)
April 8 – Laura Nyro, American singer and composer (b. 1947)
April 7
* Witto Aloma, Cuban baseball player (b. 1923)
* Georgi Shonin, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1935)
April 12 – George Wald, American scientist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1903)
April 15 – Mildred Cleghorn, Chairwoman of the Fort Sill Apache tribe (b. 1910)
April 16
* Doris Angleton, American socialite (b. 1951)
* Roland Topor, French illustrator (b. 1938)
April 19 – El Duce, American singer and drummer (b. 1958)
April 20
* Jean Louis, American costume designer (b. 1907)
* Henry Mucci, American Colonel of the 98th Ranger Battalion (b. 1909)
April 21 – Diosdado Macapagal, 9th President of the Philippines (b. 1910)
April 22 – Baroness Seear, President of the UK Liberal Party (b. 1913)
April 24 – Pat Paulsen, American comedian (b. 1927)
April 26 – John Beal, American actor (b. 1909)
April 30 – Henry Picard, American golfer (b. 1906)
May 1 – Bo Widerberg, Swedish film director (b. 1930)
May 2 – John Eccles, Australian neurophysiologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1903)
May 4 – Alvy Moore, American actor (b. 1921)
May 5 – Walter Gotell, German actor (b. 1924)
May 11 – Howard Morton, American actor (b. 1925)
May 14
* Harry Blackstone Jr., American magician (b. 1934)
* Thelma Carpenter, American singer and actress (b. 1922)
May 16 – Giuseppe De Santis, Italian film director (b. 1917)
May 22 – Alfred Hershey, American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1908)
May 23 – James Lee Byars, American artist (b. 1932)
May 24 – Edward Mulhare, Irish actor (b. 1923)
May 29 – Jeff Buckley, American musician (b. 1966)
May 29 – George Fenneman, American radio and television announcer (b. 1919)
May 31 – James Bennett Griffin, American archaeologist (b. 1905)
June 2 – Helen Jacobs, American tennis champion (b. 1908)
June 3 – Dennis James, American game show host (b. 1917)
June 6 – Magda Gabor, American actress (b. 1914)
June 8 – Reid Shelton, American actor (b. 1924)
June 9 – Christina Kokubo, American actress (b. 1950)
June 12 – Bulat Okudzhava, Soviet non-mainstream singer of Georgian descent (b. 1924)
June 14 – Richard Jaeckel, American actor (b. 1926)
June 22
* Gérard Pelletier, French journalist, politician and diplomat (b. 1919)
* Don Henderson, British actor (b. 1932)
June 23 – Betty Shabazz, American widow of Malcolm X (b. 1936)
June 24
* Don Hutson, American football player (b. 1913)
* Brian Keith, American actor (b. 1921)
June 25 – Jacques-Yves Cousteau, French explorer (b. 1910)
June 26 – Israel Kamakawiwo'ole, Hawaiian singer (b. 1959)
June 28 – Mrs. Miller, American singer (b. 1907)
June 29 – William Hickey, American actor (b. 1927)
July 1 – Robert Mitchum, American actor (b. 1917)
July 2 – James Stewart, American actor (b. 1908)
July 4
* Charles Kuralt, American television reporter (b. 1934)
* John Zachary Young, British biologist (b. 1907)
July 7 – Royston Tickner, English actor (b. 1922)
July 12 – Israel Kamakawiwoʻole, Hawaiian musician (b. 1959)
July 13 – Alexandra Danilova, Russian dancer (b. 1903)
July 14 – Sir Garfield Barwick, Australian Chief Justice (b. 1903)
July 15 – Gianni Versace, Italian fashion designer (b. 1946)
July 18 – Eugene Merle Shoemaker, American astronomer (b. 1928)
July 20 – John Akii-Bua Ugandan hurdler (b. 1949)
July 23 – Chuhei Nambu, Japanese athlete (b. 1904)
July 24
* William J. Brennan, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1906)
* Frank Parker, American tennis champion (b. 1916)
July 25 – Ben Hogan, American golf champion (b. 1912)
July 30 – Bao Dai, Emperor of Vietnam (b. 1913)
August 2
* William S. Burroughs, American author (b. 1914)
* Fela Kuti, Nigerian musician and political activist (b. 1938)
August 4 – Jeanne Calment, French supercentenarian and the oldest living person ever documented in history. (b. 1875)
August 8 – Sviatoslav Richter, Ukrainian pianist (b. 1915)
August 10 – Conlon Nancarrow, American-born composer (b. 1912)
August 12 – Luther Allison, American musician (b. 1939)
August 16 – Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Pakistani ''Qawwali'' musician (b. 1948)
August 23 – John Kendrew, British molecular biologist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (b. 1917)
August 24 – Louis Essen, English physicist (b. 1908)
August 27
* Sally Blane, American actress (b. 1910)
* Brandon Tartikoff, American television executive (b. 1949)
August 28 – Masaru Takumi, Japanese yakuza lord (b. 1936)
August 31
* Diana, Princess of Wales (b. 1961)
* Dodi Al-Fayed, Egyptian businessman (b. 1955)
September 2
* Rudolph Bing, Austrian opera manager (b. 1902)
* Viktor Frankl, Austrian neurologist and psychiatrist (b. 1905)
September 5
* Georg Solti, Hungarian conductor (b. 1912)
* Mother Teresa, Albanian missionary and humanitarian, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1910)
September 7
* Elisabeth Brooks, Canadian actress (''The Howling'') (b. 1951)
* Mobutu Sese Seko, president of Zaire (b. 1930)
September 9 – Burgess Meredith, American actor (b. 1907)
September 12 – Leonard Maguire, Scottish actor (b. 1924)
September 17 – Red Skelton, American comedian (b. 1913)
September 18 – Jimmy Witherspoon, American blues singer (b. 1920)
September 19
* Jack May, English actor (b. 1922)
* Rich Mullins, American musician (b. 1955)
September 23 – Shirley Clarke, American filmmaker (b. 1919)
September 25 – Jean Françaix, French composer (b. 1912)
September 27 – Walter Trampler, American violist (b. 1915)
September 29 – Roy Lichtenstein, American artist (b. 1923)
October 1 – Jerome H. Lemelson, American inventor (b. 1923)
October 4 – Gunpei Yokoi, Japanese video game franchise creator (b. 1941)
October 5
* Brian Pillman, American professional wrestler (b. 1962)
* Arthur Tracy, American singer (b. 1899)
October 6
* Adrienne Hill, British actress (b. 1937)
* Johnny Vander Meer, baseball player (b. 1914)
October 12 – John Denver, American musician (b. 1943)
October 14 – Harold Robbins, American writer (b. 1916)
October 16
* Audra Lindley, American actress (b. 1918)
* James A. Michener, American writer (b. 1907)
October 19 – Glen Buxton, American guitarist (b. 1947)
October 20 – Ron Tarr, English actor (b. 1936)
October 22 – Leonid Amalrik, Russian animator (b. 1905)
October 23 – Bert Haanstra, Dutch filmmaker (b. 1916)
October 24 – Don Messick, American voice actor (b. 1926)
October 28 – Paul Jarrico, American screenwriter (b. 1915)
October 29
* Andreas Gerasimos Michalitsianos, Greek-American NASA astrophysicist (b. 1947)
* Anton Szandor LaVey, American founder of the Church of Satan (b. 1930)
October 30 – Samuel Fuller, American screenwriter and director (b. 1912)
November 4 – Eddie Arcaro, American jockey (b. 1916)
November 5 – James Robert Baker, American novelist and screenwriter (b. 1946)
November 11 – Rod Milburn, American athlete (b. 1950)
November 12 – Carlos Surinach, Spanish composer (b. 1915)
November 15
* Saul Chaplin, American composer (b. 1912)
* Douglas MacArthur II, nephew of World War II General Douglas MacArthur (b. 1909)
November 17 – John Wimber, American leader of the Vineyard Movement (b. 1934)
November 21 – Robert Simpson, English composer (b. 1921)
November 22 – Michael Hutchence, Australian musician (b. 1960)
November 25
* Monique Serf, French singer (b. 1930)
* Hastings Kamuzu Banda, former President of Malawi (b. 1896)
November 27 – Buck Leonard, American baseball player (b. 1907)
November 29 – Coleman Young, Detroit mayor (b. 1918)
November 30 – Kathy Acker, American author (b. 1947)
December 1 – Stephane Grappelli, French violinist (b. 1908)
December 2
* Shirley Crabtree, British wrestler best known as Big Daddy (b. 1930)
* Michael Hedges, American composer and guitarist (b. 1953)
December 7 – Billy Bremner, British footballer (b. 1942)
December 14 – Stubby Kaye, American actor (b. 1918)
December 18 – Chris Farley, American actor and comedian (b. 1964)
December 19 – David Schramm, American astrophysicist (b. 1945)
December 20
* Juzo Itami, Japanese film director (b. 1933)
* Denise Levertov, English-born American poet (b. 1923)
December 21 – Amie Comeaux, American country singer (b. 1976)
December 23 – Stanley Cortez, American cinematographer (b. 1908)
December 24 – Toshirō Mifune, Japanese actor (b. 1920)
December 25 – Denver Pyle, American actor (b. 1920)
December 27 – Billy Wright, Northern Irish paramilitary leader (b. 1960)
December 31 – Billie Dove, American actress (b. 1903)
Laurence Henry Hicks, Australian composer (b. 1912)
Chemistry – Paul D. Boyer, John E. Walker, Jens C. Skou
Economics – Bank of Sweden – Robert C. Merton, Myron Scholes
Literature – Dario Fo
Peace – International Campaign to Ban Landmines and Jody Williams
Physics – Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, William D. Phillips
Medicine – Stanley B. Prusiner
Pandurang Shastri Athavale
In the book 2001: A Space Odyssey, the computer HAL 9000 was activated on January 17.
In the 1965 TV series, ''Lost in Space'', the spacecraft Jupiter II is launched on October 16, 1997.
In the fantasy series Harry Potter, the titular character, Harry Potter, begins his search for Horcruxes.
The 1984 film ''The Terminator'' and its sequel, ''Terminator 2: Judgment Day'', both referenced the year 1997 as the time in which the fictional computer entity Skynet would launch a catastrophic massive nuclear attack on mankind on August 29.
The 1987 NES RPG-game, ''Crystalis'', references October 1, 1997 as the day when a terrible war takes place and the whole human race goes back in time, allowing strange animals populate cities and some build a tower high into the sky.
John Carpenter's 1981 film ''Escape from New York'' is set in 1997 of a United States so crime-ridden that Manhattan Island in New York City has become a maximum security prison.
The events of Alan Moore and David Lloyd's ''V for Vendetta'' supposedly begin on November 5, 1997.
The 1990 film ''Predator 2'' takes place in 1997 Los Angeles.
The manga and anime ''InuYasha'' takes place in 1997 in Tokyo.
The MTV series Daria takes place in 1997 in The United States
1997 Year in Review – CNN
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bn:১৯৯৭
zh-min-nan:1997 nî
map-bms:1997
be:1997
be-x-old:1997
bh:१९९७
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bpy:মারি ১৯৯৭
id:1997
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la:1997
lv:1997. gads
lb:1997
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ln:1997
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mk:1997
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mr:इ.स. १९९७
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mn:1997
nah:1997
nl:1997
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ne:सन् १९९७
new:ई सं १९९७
ja:1997年
nap:1997
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nn:1997
nrm:1997
nov:1997
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pi:१९९७
pag:1997
pnb:1997
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ru:1997 год
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stq:1997
sq:1997
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simple:1997
sk:1997
sl:1997
so:1997
ckb:١٩٩٧
sr:1997
sh:1997
su:1997
fi:1997
sv:1997
tl:1997
ta:1997
tt:1997 ел
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tg:1997
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uk:1997
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vec:1997
vi:1997
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wa:1997
zh-classical:一九九七年
vls:1997
war:1997
yi:1997
yo:1997
zh-yue:1997年
diq:1997
zea:1997
bat-smg:1997
zh:1997年
Events
January
January 9 – Yachtsman Tony Bullimore is found alive, 5 days after his boat capsized in the Southern Ocean.
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Date unknown
The Toyota Prius, the first hybrid vehicle to go into full production, is unveiled in Japan in October, and goes on sale in Japan in December. It comes to U.S. showrooms in July 2000.
Births
Deaths
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Date unknown
Nobel Prizes
Templeton Prize
In fiction
References
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 19°2′2.04″N65°15′45.36″N |
|---|---|
| Name | Dom Kennedy |
| Background | solo_singer |
| Birth name | Dominic Hunn |
| Alias | DOM |
| Born | August 22, 1984 Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Origin | Leimert Park, Los Angeles, California |
| Genre | West Coast hip hop |
| Occupation | Rapper |
| Years active | 2008–present |
| Label | OpM - Other People's Money (Independent) |
| Associated acts | Pac Div Casey Veggies Skeme J Skillz Drew Byrd Brandun DeShay cARTer |
| Website | DopeItsDom , Twitter , Myspace }} |
Dom Kennedy (born Dominic Hunn) is a West Coast rapper from Leimert Park, Los Angeles, California. Since 2008, Kennedy has released 5 Independent record label studio albums, most notably his 2010 "critically acclaimed mixtape" ''From the Westside with Love''. His 6th studio album ''From the Westside with Love II'' released on iTunes June 28, 2011. As his debut commercial album, ''From the Westside with Love II'' is also Kennedy's first album associated with The OpM Company, Kennedy's self established record label.
Early life
Dom Kennedy was born on August 22, 1984 in Los Angeles, California. In an interview with music media outlet IMFlashy, Kennedy describes his childhood growing up as "normal". After his parents' divorce, Kennedy moved with his mother to Leimert Park. Within the first hours of dropping the mixtape, Kennedy amassed over 10,000 downloads, officially solidifying his name among some of the top rappers in L.A.However, with the release of ''From the Westside With Love'' in 2010, Kennedy became a major hit throughout the underground hip hop scene L.A. Gaining over 100,000 internet downloads, Kennedy began receiving praise from many established figures within the game. As reported by Texas based, major music festival South by Southwest, "Dom Kennedy has been verbally endorsed by many, including The Hundreds, Kenny Burns, Rick Ross, Taz Arnod of Sa-Ra, 9th Wonder, Murs, The Game, Justice League, DJ Mormile, Alchemist (producer), and Don Cannon just to name a few". With the success of ''From the Westside With Love'', Kennedy became a major player on the independent circuit, traveling for performances throughout and outside the country; including a show in Dijibouti, Africa. Kennedy also began releasing an extensive amount of visual material at this time, including ''From the Westside With Love'' music videos for songs such as "1997", "Locals Only", and "The 4 Heartbeatz".
In early 2011, Kennedy released his 5th studio mixtape ''The Original Dom Kennedy'', a tape meant to reflect Kennedy's individuality and sound as an artist. In an interview with MTV News reporter James Lacsina, Kennedy described the project as something that was a testament to himself in the rap game as well as the city he proudly represents:
Influences
Kennedy is often heard proclaiming his hometown rep one liner "Leimert Park what's cool". As a kid, Kennedy describes himself as being highly influenced by artists such as "The Notorious B.I.G., Outkast, and LL Cool J" through the fact that by simply listening to their music, he could feel a sense of where they were from. With his music, Kennedy does the same thing, bringing the feel of the inner city streets of L.A. to anyone willing to listen. In an interview with Hip Hop DX, Kennedy talks about the influence behind the L.A. sound in his music:
Kennedy has rapped over a wide range of past and present hip hop beats in his career, consistently bringing the element of L.A. and West Coast hip hop to his music. Such beats include Big Poppa on the track "Notorious Dom" ''(25th Hour)'' and Best I Ever Had (Drake song) on the track "Best You Never Had" ''(Best After Bobby)''. South by Southwest reports major music executive John Monopoly as saying "He is going to get signed".
Performances
Kennedy has performed in a wide variety of venues from local clubs in L.A. to the campus of Georgetown University. In 2010, Kennedy performed a major, hip hop music festival Paid Dues in San Bernardino, California. Other performer included those such as People Under the Stairs, Curren$y, and Jake One.In 2011, Kennedy performed at premier film festival South by Southwest's Music Matters Show in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The show was hosted by cable entertainment network Black Entertainment Television. Both his performance and that of East Coast rapper J. Cole's were featured online by major, hip hop music magazine The Source (magazine). Kennedy performed his first show outside of the U.S. also in 2011 in Dijibouti, Africa.
Following the release of ''From the Westside With Love II'', Kennedy headlined at The Key Club in West Hollywood, California alongside fellow West Coast rappers Overdoz, Epic Twelve, and Black Cobain. Marketed as the show on "7.1.11", the event was sold out, prompting another show the following week, marketed as the "7.7.11" show.
Endorsements & Marketing
Outside of the music realm, Kennedy is also an avid promoter of fashion, appearing on the Sneaker Pimps Tour in Los Angeles back in 2007. "Sneaker Pimps is the worlds largest touring sneaker hip-hop lifestyle exhibition", featuring celebrity autographed sneakers as well as live music performances by collaborating artists. Past artists to appear include: Nas, Lupe Fiasco, DJ Premier, Public Enemy, Bun B, Redman, Pete Rock, along with many others. In 2009, Kennedy co-signed with California based clothing line and marketing agency The Hundreds.After the release of his ''Original Dom Kennedy'' mixtape, Dom was featured on the cover of Jenesis Magazine as part of their 4th Year Anniversary.
Kennedy is also one of the front running young rappers associated with the JUST BE COOL Campaign and LAx Paperboys. He is often heard promoting the global, lifestyle brand through lines in his raps such as "just be cool". During an interview with BarrelHouse BKLYN, Kennedy describes the movement as something that started with a crew of inner city kids in L.A. who "just wanted to do something positive".
Discography
Mixtapes
Commercial Albums
Guest Appearances
References
External links
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 19°2′2.04″N65°15′45.36″N |
|---|---|
| name | Fred Rogers |
| birth name | Fred McFeely Rogers |
| birth date | March 20, 1928 |
| birth place | Latrobe, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| death date | February 27, 2003 |
| death place | Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| death cause | Stomach cancer |
| religion | Presbyterian Church(ordained in 1963) |
| other names | Mister RogersMr. Rogers |
| spouse | Sara Joanne Byrd (1952–2003) |
| occupation | Educator, minister, songwriter, television host |
| years active | 1951–2002 }} |
Fred McFeely Rogers (March 20, 1928 – February 27, 2003) was an American educator, Presbyterian minister, songwriter, and television host. Rogers was most famous for creating and hosting ''Mister Rogers' Neighborhood'' (1968–2001), that featured his gentle, soft-spoken personality and directness to his audiences.
Initially educated to be a minister, Rogers was displeased with the way television addressed children and made an effort to change this when he began to write for and perform on local Pittsburgh area shows dedicated to youth. The Public Broadcasting System developed his own nationally aired show in 1968 and over the course of three decades on television, he became an indelible American icon of children's entertainment and education, as well as a symbol of compassion, patience, and morality. He was also known for his advocacy of various public causes. He testified to the U.S. Supreme Court on time shifting; and he gave a now-famous speech before the U.S. Senate, advocating government funding for children's television.
Rogers was honored extensively for his life work in children's education. He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the United States' highest civilian honor, a Peabody Award for his career, and was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame. Two resolutions recognizing his work were unanimously passed by U.S. Congress, one of his trademark sweaters was acquired and is on display at the Smithsonian Institution, and several buildings and works of art in Pennsylvania are dedicated to his memory.
Personal life
Fred McFeely Rogers was born in Latrobe, Pennsylvania, 40 miles (65 km) southeast of Pittsburgh, to James and Nancy Rogers; he had one sister, Elaine Rogers Crozier. Early in his life, he spent much of his free time with his maternal grandfather, Fred McFeely, who would later move to Florida, and had an interest in music. He would often sing along as his mother would play the piano and, at age five, began to play the piano as well.Rogers graduated from Latrobe High School (1946). He studied at Dartmouth College (1946–48) in Hanover, New Hampshire, and transferred to Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida, where he received a Bachelor of Arts in Music Composition (1951).
At Rollins, Rogers met Sara Joanne Byrd, an Oakland, Florida, native; and they married on June 9, 1952. They had two sons, James (b. 1959) and John (b. 1961), and three grandsons, the third (Ian McFeely Rogers) born twelve days after Rogers' death. In 1963, Rogers graduated from Pittsburgh Theological Seminary and was ordained a minister in the Presbyterian Church. During the course of his career, he garnered forty honorary degrees. Rogers was red-green color blind, swam every morning, was a vegetarian, and neither smoked nor drank.
Rogers had an apartment in New York City and a summer home on Nantucket island in Massachusetts.
Television career
Early work
Fred Rogers had a life-changing moment when he first saw television in his parents' home. He entered seminary after college; but, after his first experience as a viewer, he wanted to explore the potential of the medium. In an interview with CNN in his later years, Rogers stated, "I went into television because I hated it so, and I thought there was some way of using this fabulous instrument to be of nurture to those who would watch and listen."He thus applied for a job at NBC in New York City in 1951 and was hired because of his Music degree. Rogers spent three years working on the production staffs for such music-centered programming as ''NBC Opera Theater''. He also worked on Gabby Hayes' show for children. Ultimately, Rogers decided that commercial television's reliance on advertisement and merchandising undermined its ability to educate or enrich young audiences, so he quit NBC.
In 1954, he began working at WQED, a Pittsburgh public television station, as a puppeteer on a local children's show ''The Children's Corner''. For the next seven years, he worked with host Josie Carey in unscripted live TV, developing many of the puppets, characters, and music used in his later work, such as King Friday XIII, and Curious X the Owl.
Rogers began wearing his famous sneakers when he found them to be quieter than his work shoes as he moved about behind the set. He was also the voices of King Friday XIII and Queen Sara Saturday (named after his wife), rulers of the neighborhood, as well as X the Owl, Henrietta Pussycat, Daniel Striped Tiger, Lady Elaine Fairchild, and Larry Horse. The show won a Sylvania Award for best children's show, and was briefly broadcast nationally on NBC.
During these eight years, he would leave the WQED studios during his lunch breaks to study theology at the nearby Pittsburgh Theological Seminary. Rogers, however, was not interested in preaching; and, after his ordination, he was specifically charged to continue his work with Children's Television. He had also done work at the University of Pittsburgh's program in Child Development and Child Care.
In 1963, Rogers moved to Toronto, where he was contracted by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) to develop a 15-minute children's television program: ''Misterogers'', which would be his debut in front of the camera. The show was a hit with children but lasted for only three seasons. Many of his famous set pieces—Trolley, Eiffel Tower, the 'tree', and 'castle'—were created by CBC designers. While in Canada, Rogers brought his friend and understudy Ernie Coombs, who would go on to create ''Mr. Dressup'', a very successful and long-running children's show in Canada, and similar in many ways to ''Mister Rogers' Neighborhood''. ''Mr. Dressup'' also used some of the songs that would be featured on Rogers' later program.In 1966, Rogers acquired the rights to his program from the CBC and moved the show to WQED in Pittsburgh, where he had worked on ''The Children's Corner''. He developed the new show for the Eastern Educational Network. Stations that carried the program were limited but did include educational stations in Boston, Washington, D.C., and New York City.
After returning to Pittsburgh, Rogers attended and participated in activities at the Sixth Presbyterian church in the Squirrel Hill neighborhood of Pittsburgh, a More Light congregation which he attended until his death.
Distribution of ''Mister Rogers' Neighborhood'' began on February 19, 1968. The following year, the show moved to PBS (Public Broadcasting Service). In 1971, Rogers formed Family Communications, Inc. (FCI), and the company established offices in the WQED building in Pittsburgh. Initially, the company served solely as the production arm of ''Mister Rogers' Neighborhood'', but now develops and produces an array of children's programming and educational materials.
''Mister Rogers' Neighborhood''
''Mister Rogers' Neighborhood'' began airing in 1968 and ran for 895 episodes; the last set of new episodes was taped in December 2000 and began airing in August 2001. At its peak, in 1985, 8% of U.S households tuned in to the show.
Visually, the presentation of the show was very simple, and it did not feature the animation or fast pace of other children's shows, which Rogers thought of as "bombardment". Rogers also believed in not acting out a different persona on camera compared to how he acted off camera, stating that "One of the greatest gifts you can give anybody is the gift of your honest self. I also believe that kids can spot a phony a mile away." Rogers composed almost all of the music on the program. He wanted to teach children to love themselves and others, and he addressed common childhood fears with comforting songs and skits. For example, one of his famous songs explains how a child cannot be pulled down the bathtub drain because he or she will not fit. He even once took a trip to the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh to show children that a hospital is not a place to fear. During the Gulf War (1990–91), he assured his audience that all children in the neighborhood would be well cared for and asked parents to promise to take care of their own children. The message was aired again by PBS during the media storm that preceded the 2003 invasion of Iraq.
Other television work
In 1994, Rogers created another one-time special for PBS called ''Fred Rogers' Heroes'' which consisted of documentary portraits of four real-life people whose work helped make their communities better. Rogers, uncharacteristically dressed in a suit and tie, hosted in wraparound segments which did not use the "Neighborhood" set.For a time Rogers produced specials for parents as a precursor to the subject of the week on the Neighborhood called "Mister Rogers Talks To Parents About ''[topic]''". Rogers didn't host those specials though as other people like Joan Lunden, who hosted the Conflict special, and other news announcers played MC duties in front of a gallery of parents while Rogers answered questions from them. These specials were made to prep the parents for any questions the children might ask after watching the episodes on that topic of the week.
The only time Rogers appeared on television as someone other than himself was in 1996, when he played a preacher on one episode of ''Dr. Quinn, Medicine Woman.''
In the mid-1980s, the Burger King fast-food chain lampooned Rogers' image with an actor called "Mr. Rodney", imitating Rogers' television character. Rogers found the character's pitching fast food as confusing to children, and called a press conference in which he stated that he did not endorse the company's use of his character or likeness (Rogers did no commercial endorsements of any kind throughout his career, though he acted as a pitchman for several non-profit organizations dedicated to learning over the years). The chain publicly apologized for the ''faux pas'', and pulled the ads. By contrast, Fred Rogers found Eddie Murphy's parody of his show on ''Saturday Night Live'', "Mr. Robinson's Neighborhood," amusing and affectionate, which was also initially broadcast at a time of night when his own child audience was not likely to see it.
Emmys for programming
''Mister Rogers' Neighborhood'' won four Emmy awards, and Rogers received one for lifetime achievement.During the 1997 Daytime Emmys, the Lifetime Achievement Award was presented to Rogers. The following is an excerpt from ''Esquire's'' coverage of the gala, written by Tom Junod:
Advocacy
PBS funding
In 1969, Rogers appeared before the United States Senate Subcommittee on Communications. His goal was to support funding for PBS and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting, in response to significant proposed cuts. In about six minutes of testimony, Rogers spoke of the need for social and emotional education that public television provided. He passionately argued that alternative television programming like his ''Neighborhood'' helped encourage children to become happy and productive citizens, sometimes opposing less positive messages in media and in popular culture. He even recited the lyrics to one of his songs.The chairman of the subcommittee, John O. Pastore, was not previously familiar with Rogers' work, and was sometimes described as impatient. However, he reported that the testimony had given him goosebumps, and declared, "I think it's wonderful. Looks like you just earned the $20 million." The subsequent congressional appropriation, for 1971, increased PBS funding from $9 million to $22 million.
VCR
During the controversy surrounding the introduction of the household VCR, Rogers was involved in supporting the manufacturers of VCRs in court. His 1979 testimony in the case ''Sony Corp. of America v. Universal City Studios, Inc.'' noted that he did not object to home recording of his television programs, for instance, by families in order to watch together at a later time. This testimony contrasted with the views of others in the television industry who objected to home recording or believed that devices to facilitate it should be taxed or regulated.The Supreme Court considered the testimony of Rogers in its decision that held that the Betamax video recorder did not infringe copyright. The Court stated that his views were a notable piece of evidence "that many [television] producers are willing to allow private time-shifting to continue" and even quoted his testimony in a footnote:
}}
Death, awards, and memorials
Rogers was diagnosed with stomach cancer in December 2002, not long after his retirement. He underwent surgery on January 6, 2003, which was unsuccessful. A week earlier, he served as grand marshal of the Tournament of Roses Parade, with Art Linkletter and Bill Cosby.
Rogers died on February 27, 2003 at his home with his wife by his side, less than a month before he would have turned 75. His death was such a significant event in Pittsburgh that the front page of the ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette'' published the next day devoted its coverage to him. The Reverend William P. Barker presided over a public memorial in Pittsburgh. More than 2,700 people attended the memorial at Heinz Hall, including former ''Good Morning America'' host David Hartman, Teresa Heinz Kerry, philanthropist Elsie Hillman, PBS President Pat Mitchell, ''Arthur'' creator Marc Brown, and ''The Very Hungry Caterpillar'' author-illustrator Eric Carle. Speakers remembered Rogers' love of children, devotion to his religion, enthusiasm for music, and quirks. Teresa Heinz Kerry said of Rogers, "He never condescended, just invited us into his conversation. He spoke to us as the people we were, not as the people others wished we were." Rogers is interred at Unity Cemetery in Latrobe.
On New Years Day of 2004, Michael Keaton hosted the PBS TV special "Mr. Rogers: America's Favorite Neighbor". It was released on DVD September 28 that year. Keaton was a former stagehand on the show before he quit to become an actor. To mark what would have been his 80th birthday, Rogers' production company sponsored several events to memorialize him, including "Won't You Wear a Sweater Day", during which fans and neighbors were asked to wear their favorite sweaters in celebration.
The television industry honored Rogers with a George Foster Peabody Award "in recognition of 25 years of beautiful days in the neighborhood" in 1987, the same year he was initiated as an honorary member of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia Fraternity, the national fraternity for men of music. Rogers was a National Patron of Delta Omicron, an international professional music fraternity. He was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 1999. One of Rogers' iconic sweaters was acquired by the Smithsonian Institution, which displays it as a "Treasure of American History". In 2002 Rogers received the PNC Commonwealth Award in Mass Communications.
He was furthermore awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2002, for his contributions to children's education, justified by President George W. Bush, who said, "Fred Rogers has proven that television can soothe the soul and nurture the spirit and teach the very young". A year later, the U.S. Senate unanimously passed Resolution 16 to commemorate the life of Fred Rogers. It read, in part, "Through his spirituality and placid nature, Mr. Rogers was able to reach out to our nation's children and encourage each of them to understand the important role they play in their communities and as part of their families. More importantly, he did not shy away from dealing with difficult issues of death and divorce but rather encouraged children to express their emotions in a healthy, constructive manner, often providing a simple answer to life's hardships."
Following Rogers' death, the U.S. House of Representatives in 2003 unanimously passed Resolution 111 honoring Rogers for "his legendary service to the improvement of the lives of children, his steadfast commitment to demonstrating the power of compassion, and his dedication to spreading kindness through example."
The same year the U.S. Presbyterian Church approved an overture "to observe a memorial time for the Reverend Fred M. Rogers" at its General Assembly. The rationale for the recognition of Rogers reads, "The Reverend Fred Rogers, a member of the Presbytery of Pittsburgh, as host of Mister Rogers’ Neighborhood since 1968, had a profound effect on the lives of millions of people across the country through his ministry to children and families. Mister Rogers promoted and supported Christian values in the public media with his demonstration of unconditional love. His ability to communicate with children and to help them understand and deal with difficult questions in their lives will be greatly missed."Several buildings, monuments, and works of art are dedicated to Rogers' memory, including a mural sponsored by the Pittsburgh-based Sprout Fund in 2006, "Interpretations of Oakland," by John Laidacker that featured Mr. Rogers. Saint Vincent College in (Latrobe, Pennsylvania) completed construction of The Fred M. Rogers Center for Early Learning and Children's Media in 2008. The Fred Rogers Memorial Statue on the North Shore near Heinz Field in Pittsburgh was created by Robert Berks and dedicated in 2009.
The asteroid 26858 Misterrogers is named after Rogers. This naming, by the International Astronomical Union, was announced on May 2, 2003 by the director of the Henry Buhl Jr. Planetarium & Observatory at the Carnegie Science Center in Pittsburgh. The science center worked with Rogers' Family Communications, Inc. to produce a planetarium show for preschoolers called "The Sky Above Mister Rogers' Neighborhood", which plays at planetariums across the United States.
False rumors
A false rumor claims that Fred Rogers was once a U.S. Marine sniper in the Vietnam War. The rumor appeared on the Internet in 1994 and re-emerged several times over the next ten years, most notably after his death in 2003. However, Rogers never served in any branch of the military. Beginning in 1963, Rogers developed the ''Misterogers'' program for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. In 1966, he moved back to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in the U.S. where he produced ''Mister Rogers' Neighborhood'' through the height of U.S. military involvement in Vietnam. Related claims that Rogers had a number of military tattoos are also entirely false.
See also
Notes
References
External links
Category:1928 births Category:2003 deaths Category:People from Latrobe, Pennsylvania Category:American Presbyterian clergy Category:Actors from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Category:American puppeteers Category:American television actors Category:American television personalities Category:American vegetarians Category:Christian vegetarians Category:Cancer deaths in Pennsylvania Category:Christianity in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Category:Dartmouth College alumni Category:Daytime Emmy Award winners Category:Deaths from stomach cancer Category:PBS people Category:Peabody Award winners Category:Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients Category:Rollins College alumni
eo:Fred Rogers fa:فرد راجرز fr:Fred Rogers id:Fred Rogers pt:Fred Rogers simple:Fred Rogers sh:Mister RogersThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Coordinates | 19°2′2.04″N65°15′45.36″N |
|---|---|
| Name | Sir Elton JohnCBE |
| Background | solo_singer |
| Birth name | Reginald Kenneth Dwight |
| Birth date | March 25, 1947 |
| Birth place | Pinner, Middlesex, England |
| Instrument | |
| Occupation | Musician, singer-songwriter, record producer, composer |
| Years active | 1964–68 (Bluesology)1969–present (Solo) |
| Genre | |
| Label | DJM, Uni, MCA, Geffen, Rocket/Island, Universal, Interscope, Mercury, UMG |
| Associated acts | Bernie Taupin, Tim Rice, John Lennon, Yoko Ono, Kiki Dee, Billy Joel, George Michael, Eminem, Gladys Knight, Stevie Wonder, Dionne Warwick,Neil Sedaka |
| Website | }} |
In his four-decade career John has sold more than 250 million records, making him one of the most successful artists of all time. His single "Candle in the Wind 1997" has sold over 33 million copies worldwide, and is the best selling single in ''Billboard'' history. He has more than 50 Top 40 hits, including seven consecutive No. 1 US albums, 56 Top 40 singles, 16 Top 10, four No. 2 hits, and nine No. 1 hits. He has won six Grammy Awards, four Brit Awards, an Academy Award, a Golden Globe Award and a Tony Award. In 2004, ''Rolling Stone'' ranked him Number 49 on its list of the 100 greatest artists of all time.
John was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994. Having been named a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1996, John received a knighthood from HM Queen Elizabeth II for "services to music and charitable services" in 1998.
He has been heavily involved in the fight against AIDS since the late 1980s. In 1992, he established the Elton John AIDS Foundation and a year later began hosting the annual Academy Award Party, which has since become one of the most high-profile Oscar parties in the Hollywood film industry. Since its inception, the foundation has raised over $200 million.
John entered into a civil partnership with David Furnish on 21 December 2005 and continues to be a champion for LGBT social movements. In 2008, ''Billboard'' magazine ranked him as the most successful male solo artist on "The Billboard Hot 100 Top All-Time Artists" (third overall, behind only The Beatles and Madonna).
Life and career
Early life
John was born Reginald Kenneth Dwight on 25 March 1947, the eldest child of Stanley and only child of Sheila Eileen Dwight (née Harris) and was raised in Pinner, Middlesex in a council house of his maternal grandparents. His parents did not marry until he was 6 years old, when the family moved to a nearby semi-detached house. He was educated at Pinner Wood Junior School, Reddiford School and Pinner County Grammar School, until age 17, when he left just prior to his A Level examinations to pursue a career in the music industry.When John began to seriously consider a career in music, his father, who served as a Flight Lieutenant in the Royal Air Force, tried to steer him toward a more conventional career, such as banking. John has stated that his wild stage costumes and performances were his way of letting go after such a restrictive childhood. Both of John's parents were musically inclined, his father having been a trumpet player with the Bob Millar Band, a semi-professional big band that played at military dances. The Dwights were keen record buyers, exposing John to the popular singers and musicians of the day, and John remembers being immediately hooked on rock and roll when his mother brought home records by Elvis Presley and Bill Haley & His Comets in 1956.
John started playing the piano at the age of 3, and within a year, his mother heard him picking out Winifred Atwell's "The Skater's Waltz" by ear. After performing at parties and family gatherings, at the age of 7 he took up formal piano lessons. He showed musical aptitude at school, including the ability to compose melodies, and gained some notoriety by playing like Jerry Lee Lewis at school functions. At the age of 11, he won a junior scholarship to the Royal Academy of Music. According to one of his instructors, John promptly played back, like a "gramophone record", a four-page piece by Handel that he heard for the first time.
For the next five years he attended Saturday classes at the Academy in central London, and has stated that he enjoyed playing Chopin and Bach and singing in the choir during Saturday classes, but that he was not otherwise a diligent classical student. "I kind of resented going to the Academy", he says. "I was one of those children who could just about get away without practicing and still pass, scrape through the grades." He even claims that he would sometimes skip classes and just ride around on the Tube. However, several instructors have testified that he was a "model student", and during the last few years he was taking lessons from a private tutor in addition to his classes at the Academy.
John's mother, though also strict with her son, was more vivacious than her husband, and something of a free spirit. With Stanley Dwight uninterested in his son and often physically absent, John was raised primarily by his mother and maternal grandmother. When his father was home, the Dwights would have terrible arguments that greatly distressed their son. When John was 14, they divorced. His mother then married a local painter, Fred Farebrother, a caring and supportive stepfather whom John affectionately referred to as "Derf", his first name in reverse. They moved into flat No. 1A in an eight-unit apartment building called Frome Court, not far from both previous homes. It was there that John would write the songs that would launch his career as a rock star; he would live there until he had four albums simultaneously in the American Top 40.
Pub pianist to staff songwriter (1962–1969)
At the age of 15, with the help of his mother and stepfather, Reginald Dwight became a weekend pianist at a nearby pub, the Northwood Hills Hotel, playing Thursday to Sunday nights for £35 a week and tips. Known simply as "Reggie", he played a range of popular standards, including songs by Jim Reeves and Ray Charles, as well as songs he had written himself. A stint with a short-lived group called the Corvettes rounded out his time.
In 1964, Dwight and his friends formed a band called Bluesology. By day, he ran errands for a music publishing company; he divided his nights between solo gigs at a London hotel bar and working with Bluesology. By the mid-1960s, Bluesology was backing touring American soul and R&B; musicians like The Isley Brothers, Major Lance, Billy Stewart, Doris Troy and Patti LaBelle and The Bluebelles. In 1966, the band became musician Long John Baldry's supporting band and played 16 times at The Marquee Club.
After failing lead vocalist auditions for King Crimson and Gentle Giant, Dwight answered an advertisement in the ''New Musical Express'' placed by Ray Williams, then the A&R; manager for Liberty Records. At their first meeting, Williams gave Dwight a stack of lyrics written by Bernie Taupin, who had answered the same ad. Dwight wrote music for the lyrics, and then mailed it to Taupin, beginning a partnership that {{as of |2012 |alt=still continues }}. When the two first met in 1967 they recorded what would become the first Elton John/Bernie Taupin song; "Scarecrow". Six months later Dwight was going by the name "Elton John" in homage to Bluesology saxophonist Elton Dean and Long John Baldry.
The team of John and Taupin joined Dick James's DJM Records as staff songwriters in 1968, and over the next two years wrote material for various artists, like Roger Cook and Lulu. Taupin would write a batch of lyrics in under an hour and give it to John, who would write music for them in half an hour, disposing of the lyrics if he couldn't come up with anything quickly. For two years, they wrote easy-listening tunes for James to peddle to singers. Their early output included a contender for the British entry for the Eurovision Song Contest in 1969, for Lulu, called "Can't Go On (Living Without You)". It came sixth of six songs. In 1969, John provided piano for Roger Hodgson on his first released recording, the single "Mr. Boyd" by Argosy, a quartet that was completed by Caleb Quaye and Nigel Olsson.
During this period, John was also a session musician for other artists including playing piano on The Hollies' "He Ain't Heavy, He's My Brother" and singing backing vocals for The Scaffold.
Debut album to ''Goodbye Yellow Brick Road'' (1969–1973)
On the advice of music publisher Steve Brown, John and Taupin started writing more complex songs for John to record for DJM. The first was the single "I've Been Loving You" (1968), produced by Caleb Quaye, former Bluesology guitarist. In 1969, with Quaye, drummer Roger Pope, and bassist Tony Murray, John recorded another single, "Lady Samantha", and an album, ''Empty Sky''.For their follow-up album, ''Elton John'', John and Taupin enlisted Gus Dudgeon as producer and Paul Buckmaster as musical arranger. ''Elton John'' was released in April 1970 on DJM Records/Pye Records in the UK and Uni Records in the USA, and established the formula for subsequent albums; gospel-chorded rockers and poignant ballads. The first single from the album, "Border Song", made into the US Top 100, peaking at Number 92. The second single "Your Song" made the US Top Ten, peaking at number eight and becoming John's first hit single as a singer. The album soon became his first hit album, reaching number four on the Billboard 200 album chart.
Backed by ex-Spencer Davis Group drummer Nigel Olsson and bassist Dee Murray, John's first American concert took place at The Troubadour in Los Angeles in August 1970, and was a success.
The concept album ''Tumbleweed Connection'' was released in October 1970, and reached the Top Ten on the Billboard 200. The live album ''17-11-70'' (''11-17-70'' in the US) was recorded at a live show aired from A&R; Studios on WABC-FM in New York City. Sales of the live album were heavily hit in the US when an east coast bootlegger released the performance several weeks before the official album, including all 60 minutes of the aircast, not just the 40 minutes selected by Dick James Music. John and Taupin then wrote the soundtrack to the obscure film ''Friends'' and then the album ''Madman Across the Water'', the latter reaching the Top Ten and producing the hit "Levon", while the soundtrack album produced the hit "Friends". In 1972, Davey Johnstone joined the Elton John Band on guitar and backing vocals. The band released ''Honky Chateau'', which became John's first American number 1 album, spending five weeks at the top of the charts and spawning the hit singles "Rocket Man (I Think It's Going To Be A Long, Long Time)" (which is often compared to David Bowie's "Space Oddity") and "Honky Cat".
The pop album ''Don't Shoot Me I'm Only the Piano Player'' came out at the start of 1973, and produced the hits "Crocodile Rock" and "Daniel"; the former became his first US Billboard Hot 100 number one hit. Both the album and "Crocodile Rock" were the first album and single, respectively on the consolidated MCA Records label in the USA, replacing MCA's other labels including Uni.
''Goodbye Yellow Brick Road'' gained instant critical acclaim and topped the chart on both sides of the Atlantic, remaining at Number 1 for two months. It also temporarily established John as a glam rock star. It contained the number 1 hit "Bennie and the Jets", along with the popular and praised "Goodbye Yellow Brick Road", "Candle in the Wind", "Saturday Night's Alright for Fighting", "Funeral For A Friend/Love Lies Bleeding" and "Grey Seal" (originally recorded and released in 1970 as the B-side to the UK-only single, "Rock and Roll Madonna"). There is also a VHS and DVD as part of the Classic Albums series, discussing the making, recording, and popularity of "Goodbye Yellow Brick Road" through concert and home video footage including interviews.
Rocket Records to ''21 at 33'' (1974–1979)
John formed his own MCA-distributed label Rocket Records and signed acts to it – notably Neil Sedaka ("Bad Blood", on which he sang background vocals) and Kiki Dee – in which he took a personal interest. Instead of releasing his own records on Rocket, he opted for $8 million offered by MCA. When the contract was signed in 1974, MCA reportedly took out a $25 million insurance policy on John's life.In 1974 a collaboration with John Lennon took place, resulting in Elton John covering The Beatles' "Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds" and Lennon's "One Day at a Time", and in return Elton John and band being featured on Lennon's "Whatever Gets You thru the Night". In what would be Lennon's last live performance, the pair performed these two number 1 hits along with the Beatles classic "I Saw Her Standing There" at Madison Square Garden. Lennon made the rare stage appearance to keep the promise he made that he would appear on stage with Elton if "Whatever Gets You Thru The Night" became a number 1 single.
''Caribou'' was released in 1974, and although it reached number 1, it was widely considered a lesser quality album. Reportedly recorded in a scant two weeks between live appearances, it featured "The Bitch Is Back" and the lushly orchestrated "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me". Pete Townshend of The Who asked John to play a character called the "Local Lad" in the film of the rock opera ''Tommy'', and to perform the song "Pinball Wizard". Drawing on power chords, John's version was recorded and used for the movie release in 1975 and the single came out in 1976 (1975 in the US). The song charted at number 7 in England. Bally subsequently released a "Captain Fantastic" pinball machine featuring an illustration of John in his movie guise.
In the 1975 autobiographical album ''Captain Fantastic and the Brown Dirt Cowboy'', John revealed his previously ambiguous personality, with Taupin's lyrics describing their early days as struggling songwriters and musicians in London. The lyrics and accompanying photo booklet are infused with a specific sense of place and time that is otherwise rare in John's music. "Someone Saved My Life Tonight" was the hit single from this album and captured an early turning point in John's life.
The album's release signalled the end of the Elton John Band, as an unhappy and overworked John dismissed Olsson and Murray, two people who had contributed much of the band's signature sound and who had helped build his live following since the beginning. Johnstone and Ray Cooper were retained, Quaye and Roger Pope returned, and the new bassist was Kenny Passarelli; this rhythm section provided a heavier-sounding backbeat. James Newton-Howard joined to arrange in the studio and to play keyboards. John introduced the lineup before a crowd of 75,000 in London's Wembley Stadium. The rock-oriented ''Rock of the Westies'' entered the US albums chart at number 1 like ''Captain Fantastic'', a previously unattained feat. Elton John's stage wardrobe now included ostrich feathers, $5,000 spectacles that spelled his name in lights, and dressing up like the Statue of Liberty, Donald Duck, or Mozart, among others, at his concerts.
To celebrate five years since he first appeared at the venue, in 1975 John played a two-night, four-show stand at The Troubadour. With seating limited to under 500 per show, the chance to purchase tickets was determined by a postcard lottery, with each winner allowed two tickets. Everyone who attended the performances received a hardbound "yearbook" of the band's history. That year he also played piano on Kevin Ayers' ''Sweet Deceiver'', and was among the first and few white artists to appear on the black music series ''Soul Train'' on American television. On August 9, 1975, John was named the outstanding rock personality of the year at the first annual Rock Music Awards at ceremonies held in Santa Monica, California.
In 1976, the live album ''Here and There'' was released in May, followed by the ''Blue Moves'' album in October, which contained the single "Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word". His biggest success in 1976 was "Don't Go Breaking My Heart", a duet with Kiki Dee that topped both the American and British charts. Finally, in an interview with ''Rolling Stone'' that year entitled "Elton's Frank Talk", John stated that he was bisexual.
Besides being the most commercially successful period, 1970–1976 is also held in the most regard critically. Within only a three year span, between 1972 and 1975 John saw seven consecutive albums reach Number 1 in the charts, which had not been accomplished before. Of the six Elton John albums to make the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time in ''Rolling Stone'''in 2003, all are from this period, with ''Goodbye Yellow Brick Road'' ranked highest at number 91; similarly, the three Elton John albums given five stars by Allmusic (''Tumbleweed Connection'', ''Honky Château'', and ''Captain Fantastic'') are all from this period too.
During the same period, John made a guest appearance on the popular ''Morecambe and Wise Show'' on the BBC. The two comics spent the episode pointing him in the direction of everywhere except the stage in order to prevent him singing.
In November 1977 John announced he was retiring from performing; Taupin began collaborating with others. Now only producing one album a year, John issued ''A Single Man'' in 1978, employing a new lyricist, Gary Osborne; the album produced no singles that made the Top 20 in the US but the two singles from the album released in the UK, Part-Time Love and Song for Guy, both made the Top 20 in the UK with the latter reaching the Top 5. In 1979, accompanied by Ray Cooper, John became one of the first Western solo artists to tour the Soviet Union (as well as one of the first in Israel), then mounted a two-man comeback tour of the US in small halls. John returned to the singles chart with "Mama Can't Buy You Love" (number 9, 1979), a song originally rejected in 1977 by MCA before being released, recorded in 1977 with Philadelphia soul producer Thom Bell. Elton reported that Thom Bell was the first person to give him voice lessons; Bell encouraged John to sing in a lower register. A disco-influenced album, ''Victim of Love'', was poorly received. In 1979, John and Taupin reunited, though they did not collaborate on a full album until 1983's ''Too Low For Zero''. ''21 at 33'', released the following year, was a significant career boost, aided by his biggest hit in four years, "Little Jeannie" (number 3 US), although the lyrics were written by Gary Osborne.
The 80s: ''The Fox'' to ''Sleeping with the Past'' (1981–1989)
His 1981 album, ''The Fox'', was recorded in part during the same sessions as ''21 at 33'', and also included collaborations with Tom Robinson and Judie Tzuke. On 13 September 1980, John, with Olsson and Murray back in the Elton John Band, performed a free concert to an estimated 400,000 fans on The Great Lawn in Central Park in New York City. His 1982 hit "Empty Garden (Hey Hey Johnny)", came from his ''Jump Up!'' album, his second under a new US recording contract with Geffen Records.
He married his close friend and sound engineer, Renate Blauel on Valentine's Day 1984 - the marriage lasted three years. The Biography Channel Special detailed the loss of Elton's voice in 1986 while on tour in Australia. Shortly thereafter he underwent throat surgery, which permanently altered his voice. Several non-cancerous polyps were removed from his vocal cords, resulting in a change in his singing voice. In 1987 he won a libel case against ''The Sun'' which published allegations of sex with rent boys.
With original band members Johnstone, Murray and Olsson together again, John was able to return to the charts with the 1983 hit album ''Too Low for Zero'', which included "I'm Still Standing" and "I Guess That's Why They Call It the Blues", the latter of which featured Stevie Wonder on harmonica and reached number 4 in the US, giving John his biggest hit there since "Little Jeannie". He placed hits in the US Top Ten throughout the 1980s – "Little Jeannie" (number 3, 1980), "Sad Songs (Say So Much)" (number 5, 1984), "Nikita" boosted by a mini-movie pop video directed by Ken Russell (number 7, 1986), a live orchestral version of "Candle in the Wind" (number 6, 1987), and "I Don't Wanna Go On With You Like That" (number 2, 1988). His highest-charting single was a collaboration with Dionne Warwick, Gladys Knight, and Stevie Wonder on "That's What Friends Are For" (number 1, 1985); credited as Dionne and Friends, the song raised funds for AIDS research. His albums continued to sell, but of the six released in the latter half of the 1980s, only ''Reg Strikes Back'' (number 16, 1988) placed in the Top 20 in the United States.
In 1985, Elton John was one of the many performers at Live Aid held at Wembley Stadium. John played "Bennie and the Jets" and "Rocket Man"; then "Don't Go Breaking My Heart" with Kiki Dee for the first time in years; and introduced his friend George Michael, still then of Wham!, to sing "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me". He enlisted Michael to sing backing vocals on his single "Wrap Her Up", and also recruited teen idol Nik Kershaw as an instrumentalist on "Nikita". John also recorded material with Millie Jackson in 1985. In 1986, he played the piano on two tracks on the heavy metal band Saxon's album ''Rock the Nations''.
In 1988, he performed five sold-out shows at New York's Madison Square Garden, giving him 26 for his career. Netting over $20 million, 2,000 items of John's memorabilia were auctioned off at Sotheby's in London.
The 90s: "Sacrifice" to ''Aida'' (1990–1999)
In 1990, John finally achieved his first UK number one hit on his own, with "Sacrifice" (coupled with "Healing Hands") from the previous year's album ''Sleeping with the Past''; it would stay at the top spot for six weeks. The following year, John's "Basque" won the Grammy for Best Instrumental, and a guest concert appearance he had made on George Michael's cover of "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" was released as a single and topped the charts in both the US and UK. At the 1991 Brit Awards in London, Elton John won the award for Best British Male.In 1992 he released the US number 8 album ''The One'', featuring the hit song "The One". John and Taupin then signed a music publishing deal with Warner/Chappell Music for an estimated $39 million over 12 years, giving them the largest cash advance in music publishing history. In April 1992, John appeared at the Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert at Wembley Stadium, performing "The Show Must Go On" with the remaining members of Queen, and "Bohemian Rhapsody" with Axl Rose of Guns N' Roses and Queen. In September, John performed "The One" at the 1992 MTV Video Music Awards, and also closed the ceremony performing "November Rain" with Guns N' Roses. The following year, he released ''Duets'', a collaboration with 15 artists including Tammy Wynette and RuPaul. This also included a new collaboration with Kiki Dee, entitled "True Love", which reached the Top 10 of the UK charts.
Along with Tim Rice, Elton John wrote the songs for the 1994 Disney animated film ''The Lion King'', which became the 3rd highest-grossing animated feature of all time. At the 67th Academy Awards ceremony, ''The Lion King'' provided three of the five nominees for the Academy Award for Best Song, which John won with "Can You Feel the Love Tonight". Both that and "Circle of Life" became hit songs for John. "Can You Feel the Love Tonight" would also win Elton John the Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 37th Grammy Awards. After the release of the ''The Lion King'' soundtrack, the album remained at the top of ''Billboard'''s charts for nine weeks. On 10 November 1999, the RIAA certified ''The Lion King'' "Diamond" for selling 15 million copies.
In 1995 John released ''Made in England'' (number 3, 1995), which featured the single "Believe". John performed "Believe" at the 1995 Brit Awards, and picked up the prize for Outstanding Contribution to Music. A compilation called ''Love Songs'' was released in 1996.
Early in 1997 John held a 50th birthday party, costumed as Louis XIV, for 500 friends. John also performed with the surviving members of Queen in Paris at the opening night (17 January 1997) of ''Le Presbytère N'a Rien Perdu De Son Charme Ni Le Jardin De Son Éclat'', a work by French ballet legend Maurice Béjart which draws upon AIDS and the deaths of Freddie Mercury and the company's principal dancer Jorge Donn. Later in 1997, two close friends died: designer Gianni Versace was murdered; Diana, Princess of Wales died in a Paris car crash on 31 August. In early September, John contacted his writing partner Bernie Taupin, asking him to revise the lyrics of his 1973 song "Candle in the Wind" to honour Diana, and Taupin rewrote the song accordingly. On 6 September 1997, John performed "Candle in the Wind 1997" at the funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales in Westminster Abbey. The song became the fastest, and biggest-selling single of all time, eventually selling over 33 million copies worldwide. The best-selling single in UK Chart history, it sold 4.86 million copies in the UK. The best-selling single in ''Billboard'' history, and the only single ever certified Diamond in the United States, the single sold over 11 million copies in the U.S. The song proceeds of approximately £55 million were donated to the Diana, Princess of Wales Memorial Fund. It would win John the Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 40th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1998. John has publicly performed "Candle in the Wind 1997" only once, at Diana's funeral, vowing never to perform it again unless asked by Diana's sons.
In the musical theatre world, in addition to a 1998 adaptation of ''The Lion King'' for Broadway, John also composed music for a Disney production of ''Aida'' in 1999 with lyricist Tim Rice, for which they received the Tony Award for Best Original Score at the 54th Tony Awards, and the Grammy Award for Best Musical Show Album at the 43rd Grammy Awards. The musical was given its world premiere in the Alliance Theatre in Atlanta. It went on to Chicago and eventually Broadway. He also released a live compilation album called ''Elton John One Night Only - The Greatest Hits'' from the show he did at Madison Square Garden in New York City that same year.
2000 to present
In 2000, John and Tim Rice teamed again to create songs for DreamWorks' animated film ''The Road to El Dorado''. In August 2003, John scored his fifth UK number one single when "Are You Ready for Love" topped the UK Charts. Returning again to musical theatre, John composed music for a West End Theatre production of ''Billy Elliot the Musical'' in 2005 with playwright Lee Hall. John's only theatrical project with Bernie Taupin so far is ''Lestat: The Musical'', based on the Anne Rice vampire novels. However it was slammed by the critics and closed in May 2006 after 39 performances.John was named a Disney Legend for his numerous outstanding contributions to Disney's films and theatrical works on 9 October 2006, by The Walt Disney Company. In 2006 he told ''Rolling Stone'' magazine that he plans for his next record to be in the R&B;/hip-hop genre. "I want to work with Pharrell {Williams}, Timbaland, Snoop {Dogg}, Kanye {West}, Eminem and just see what happens."
In March 2007 he performed at Madison Square Garden for a record breaking 60th time for his 60th birthday, the concert was broadcast live and a DVD recording was released as ''Elton 60 - Live at Madison Square Garden''; a greatest-hits compilation CD, ''Rocket Man – Number Ones'', was released in 17 different versions worldwide, including a CD/DVD combo; and his back catalogue - almost 500 songs from 32 albums - became available for legal download.
On 1 July 2007, Elton John appeared at the Concert for Diana held at Wembley Stadium in London, in honour of Diana, Princess of Wales, on what would have been her 46th birthday. John opened the concert with "Your Song", and then closed the concert with his second performance, with "Saturday Night's Alright For Fighting", "Tiny Dancer", and "Are You Ready For Love".
In a September 2008 interview with ''GQ'' magazine, John said: "I’m going on the road again with Billy Joel again next year," referring to "Face to Face," a series of concerts featuring both musicians. The tour began in March and will continue for at least two more years.
In October 2003, John announced that he had signed an exclusive agreement to perform 75 shows over three years at Caesars Palace on the Las Vegas Strip. The show, entitled ''The Red Piano'', was a multimedia concert featuring massive props and video montages created by David LaChapelle. Effectively, he and Celine Dion share performances at Caesars Palace throughout the year - while one performs, one rests. The first of these shows took place on 13 February 2004. On 21 June 2008, he performed his 200th show in Caesars Palace. A DVD/CD package of ''The Red Piano'' was released through Best Buy in November 2008. A two year global tour was sandwiched between commitments in Las Vegas, Nevada, some of the venues of which were new to John. The Red Piano Tour closed in Las Vegas in April 2009.
Elton John performed a piano duet with Lady Gaga at the 52nd Grammy Awards. On 6 June 2010, John performed at the fourth wedding of conservative commentator Rush Limbaugh for a reported US$1 million fee. Eleven days later, and 17 years to the day after his last previous performance in Israel, he performed at the Ramat Gan Stadium; this was significant because of other then-recent cancellations by other performers in the fallout surrounding an Israeli raid on Gaza Flotilla the month before. In his introduction to that concert, Elton John noted he and other musicians should not "cherry-pick our conscience", in reference to Elvis Costello, who was to have performed in Israel two weeks after Elton did, but cancelled in the wake of the aforementioned raid, citing his [Costello's] conscience.
John's latest studio album is entitled ''The Union'' and was released on 19 October 2010. John says his collaboration with American singer-songwriter and sideman Leon Russell marks a new chapter in his recording career, saying: "I don't have to make pop records any more."
He is a member of the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors (BASCA),
Elton John began his new show "The Million Dollar Piano" at The Colosseum at Caesars Palace, Las Vegas on 28 September 2011. John will be performing the show at Caesars for the next three years. John performed his 3000th concert on Saturday 8 October 2011 at Caesars. In 2011, John performed vocals on ''Snowed in at Wheeler Street'' with Kate Bush for her ''50 Words for Snow'' album.
Artistry
Songwriting
John has written with his song-writing partner Bernie Taupin since 1967 when he answered an advertisement for talent placed in the popular UK music publication, ''New Musical Express'', by Liberty records A&R; man Ray Williams. The pair have collaborated on more than 30 albums to date.The 1991 film documentary ''Two Rooms'' described the writing style that John and Taupin use, which involves Taupin writing the lyrics on his own, and John then putting them to music, with the two never in the same room during the process. Taupin would write a set of lyrics, then mail them to John, wherever he was in the world, who would then lay down the music, arrange it, and record.
Music style
John's voice was once classed as tenor, it is now baritone. His piano playing is influenced by classical and gospel music. He used Paul Buckmaster to arrange the music on his studio albums during the 1970s.
Personal life
Family
In the late 1960s, John was engaged to be married to his first lover, secretary Linda Woodrow, who is mentioned in the song "Someone Saved My Life Tonight". He married German recording engineer Renate Blauel on 14 February 1984, in Darling Point, Sydney, with speculation that the marriage was a cover for his homosexuality. John had come out as bisexual in a 1976 interview with ''Rolling Stone'', but after his divorce from Blauel in 1988 he told the magazine that he was "comfortable" being gay.In 1993, John began a relationship with David Furnish, a former advertising executive and now filmmaker. John and Furnish entered a civil partnership on 21 December 2005. They held a low-key ceremony at the Windsor Guildhall, followed by a lavish party at their Berkshire mansion, thought to have cost £1 million. Their son, Zachary Jackson Levon Furnish-John, was born to a surrogate mother on 25 December 2010 in California. John and Furnish chose Lady Gaga, magazine editor Ingrid Sischy, and Sichy's partner Sandy Brant as Zachary's godmothers.
In September 2009, John announced his intention to adopt a 14-month-old boy, Lev, from an AIDS orphanage in Ukraine, but he was denied due to his age and marital status. Furnish stated they would continue to financially support Lev and his brother and would campaign for a change in Ukrainian law. John has ten known godchildren, including Sean Lennon, David and Victoria Beckham's sons Brooklyn and Romeo, Elizabeth Hurley's son Damian Charles, and the daughter of Seymour Stein.
Wealth
In April 2009, the Sunday Times Rich List estimated John's wealth to be £175 million (US$265 million), and ranked him as the 322nd richest person in Britain. John was estimated to have a fortune of £195 million in the ''Sunday Times Rich List'' of 2011, making him one of the 10 richest people in the British music industry. Aside from his main home "Woodside" in Old Windsor, Berkshire, John owns residences in Atlanta, Nice, London's Holland Park, and Venice. John is an art collector, and is believed to have one of the largest private photography collections in the world.
In 2000, John admitted to spending £30 million in just under two years—an average of £1.5 million a month. Between January 1996 and September 1997, he spent more than £9.6m on property and £293,000 on flowers. In June 2001 John sold 20 of his cars at Christie's, saying he didn't get the chance to drive them because he was out of the country so often. The sale, which included a 1993 Jaguar XJ220, the most expensive at £234,750, and several Ferraris, Rolls-Royces, and Bentleys, raised nearly £2 million. In 2003, John sold the contents of his Holland Park home—expected to fetch £800,000 at Sotheby's—in a bid to create more room for his collection of contemporary art which includes many works of art by Young British Artists such as Sam Taylor-Wood and Tracy Emin. Every year since 2004, John has opened a shop called "Elton's Closet" in which he sells his second-hand clothes.
Other
Throughout his career, John has battled addictions to alcohol and cocaine. By 1975, the pressures of stardom had begun to take a serious toll on him. During "Elton Week" in Los Angeles that year, John suffered a drug overdose. He also battled the eating disorder bulimia. In a CNN interview with Larry King in 2002, King asked if John knew of Diana, Princess of Wales' eating disorder. John replied, "Yes, I did. We were both bulimic."A longtime tennis enthusiast, John wrote the song "Philadelphia Freedom" in tribute to long-time friend Billie Jean King and her World Team Tennis franchise of the same name. John and King also co-host an annual pro-am event to benefit AIDS charities, most notably John's own Elton John AIDS Foundation, for which King is a chairwoman. John, who maintains a part-time residence in Atlanta, Georgia, became a fan of the Atlanta Braves baseball team when he moved there in 1991.
Watford Football Club
John became chairman and director of Watford Football Club in 1976, appointing Graham Taylor as manager and investing large sums of money as the club rose three divisions into the First Division. The pinnacle of the club's success was finishing runners up in the First Division and reaching the FA Cup Final a year later. He sold the club to Jack Petchey in 1987, but remained their life-long president. In 1997 he re-purchased the club from Petchey and once again became chairman. He stepped down in 2002 when the club needed a full-time chairman although he continued as president of the club. Although no longer the majority shareholder, he still holds a significant financial interest. In June 2005 he held a concert at Watford's Vicarage Road ground, donating the funds to the club, and another concert in May 2010. For a time he was also a part-owner of the Los Angeles Aztecs of the North American Soccer League.
AIDS Foundation
John has been associated with AIDS charities since the deaths of his friends Ryan White and Freddie Mercury, raising large amounts of money and using his public profile to raise awareness of the disease. For example, in 1986 he joined with Dionne Warwick, Gladys Knight, and Stevie Wonder to record the single "That's What Friends Are For", with all profits being donated to the American Foundation for AIDS Research. The song won John and the others the Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal (as well as Song of the Year for its writers, Burt Bacharach and Carole Bayer Sager). In April 1990, John performed "Skyline Pigeon" at the funeral of White, a teenage haemophiliac he had befriended.John founded the Elton John AIDS Foundation in 1992 as a charity to fund programmes for HIV/AIDS prevention, for the elimination of prejudice and discrimination against HIV/AIDS-affected individuals, and for providing services to people living with or at risk of contracting HIV/AIDS. This cause continues to be one of his personal passions. In early 2006, John donated the smaller of two bright-red Yamaha pianos from his Las Vegas, Nevada show to auction on eBay to raise public awareness and funds for the foundation.
To raise money for his AIDS charity, John hosts annually a glamorous White Tie & Tiara Ball, to which many famous celebrities are invited. On 28 June 2007, the 9th annual White Tie & Tiara Ball took place. The menu consisted of a truffle soufflé followed by Surf and Turf (filet mignon with Maine lobster tail) and a giant Knickerbocker glory ice cream. An auction followed the dinner held by Stephen Fry. A Rolls Royce ‘Phantom’ drophead coupe and a piece of Tracey Emin's artwork both raised £800,000 for the charity fund, with the total amount raised reaching £3.5 million. Later on in the event, John sang "Delilah" with Tom Jones and "Big Spender" with Shirley Bassey. Tickets for the Ball cost £1,000 a head. The event raised £4.6 million for his AIDS Foundation in 2006.
Activism
On 1 April 2010, John joined Cyndi Lauper in the launch of her ''Give a Damn campaign'' to bring a wider awareness of discrimination of the LGBT community as part of her True Colors Fund. In the advertisement, John states: "Imagine walking down the street and wondering if this is the day you'll get beaten up, or even killed, simply because of who you are". The campaign is to bring straight people to stand up with the gay, lesbian, bisexual, transgendered community and stop the discrimination. Other names included in the campaign are Whoopi Goldberg, Jason Mraz, Judith Light, Cynthia Nixon, Kim Kardashian, Clay Aiken, Sharon Osbourne, Kelly Osbourne, and Anna Paquin.He is an occasional columnist in the ''Guardian''.
Honours and awards
John was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility in 1994. He and Bernie Taupin had previously been inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1992. John was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in 1995. For his charitable work, John was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II on 24 February 1998. In October 1975, John became the 1,662nd person to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.He became a recipient of a Kennedy Center Honor in 2004, and a Disney Legends Award in 2006. In 2010, Elton John was awarded with the PRS for Music Heritage Award, which was erected, on The Namaste Lounge Pub in Watford, where Elton performed his first ever gig.
Music awards include the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Can You Feel The Love Tonight" from The Lion King (award shared with Tim Rice); the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song in 1994 for "Can You Feel The Love Tonight" from The Lion King (award shared with Tim Rice); and the Tony Award for Best Original Score in 2000 for Elton John and Tim Rice's Aida (award shared with Tim Rice).
John has six Grammy Awards:
Elton John Band
Since 1970, John's band, of which he is the pianist and lead singer, has been known as the Elton John Band. The band has had multiple line-up changes, but Nigel Olsson, Davey Johnstone, and Ray Cooper have been members (albeit non-consecutively) since 1970 (Olsson) and 1972 (Johnstone and Cooper). Ray Cooper is on and off with the Elton John Band because he works with other musicians as a session and road-tour percussionist. Furthermore, John has also used a number of session musicians in the time of his career.
Discography
;Studio albums;Soundtracks, scores & theatre albums
;Films
References
;Bibliography
External links
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| Coordinates | 19°2′2.04″N65°15′45.36″N |
|---|---|
| name | Diana |
| title | Princess of Wales; Duchess of Rothesay; Duchess of Cornwall (more) |
| spouse | Charles, Prince of Wales (29 July 1981, div. 1996) |
| issue | Prince William, Duke of CambridgePrince Harry of Wales |
| full name | Diana Frances |
| house | House of Windsor |
| birth date | July 01, 1961 |
| birth place | Park House, Sandringham, Norfolk |
| father | John Spencer, 8th Earl Spencer |
| mother | Frances Shand Kydd |
| place of christening | St. Mary Magdalene Church, Sandringham, Norfolk |
| death date | August 31, 1997 |
| death place | Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France |
| burial date | 6 September 1997 |
| place of burial | Althorp, Northamptonshire }} |
Diana, Princess of Wales (Diana Frances;|name="sur" |group="N"}} ''née'' Spencer; 1 July 1961 31 August 1997) was an international personality of the late 20th century as the first wife of Charles, Prince of Wales, whom she married on 29 July 1981. The wedding, held at St. Paul's Cathedral, was televised and watched by a global audience of over 750 million people. The marriage produced two sons: Princes William and Harry, currently second and third in line to the thrones of the 16 Commonwealth realms, respectively.
A public figure from the announcement of her engagement to Prince Charles, Diana was born into an old, aristocratic English family with royal ancestry, and remained the focus of worldwide media scrutiny before, during and after her marriage, which ended in divorce on 28 August 1996. This media attention continued following her death in a car crash in Paris on 31 August 1997, and in the subsequent display of public mourning a week later. Diana also received recognition for her charity work and for her support of the International Campaign to Ban Landmines. From 1989, she was the president of Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children.
Early life
Diana Spencer was born in the late afternoon on 1 July 1961, in Sandringham, Norfolk. She was the third child born to John Spencer, 8th Earl Spencer, Viscount Althorp, and Frances Ruth Burke Roche, Viscountess Althorp (later known as Frances Shand Kydd). While her family was overjoyed, there was no hiding that the fact that the entire Spencer family was hoping for a male heir to carry on the Spencer name. The Spencer family is one of Great Britain's oldest and most important families. They have been closely allied with the royal family for over five hundred years. Since they were initially expecting a boy, the family had no name chosen when she was first born. A week later they settled on Diana Frances, after a Spencer ancestress and her mother. Diana was the sister of Lady Sarah McCorquodale, Jane Fellowes, Baroness Fellowes, and Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer. Diana was baptized at Sandringham church, with normal commoners as god parents. While her baby brother, Charles, was baptized at Westminster Abbey with Queen Elizabeth II as principal god parent. She also had another brother, John, who died a year before she was born. According to Andrew Morton's biography about the Princess of Wales, he was so deformed and sick that he only survived ten hours after he was born. This initially put strain on John and Frances' marriage. Lady Frances Althorp was sent to Harley Street clinics in London, after older members of the Spencer family questioned why she could only give birth to girls. The experience was described as "humiliating", with Charles Spencer, the current Earl Spencer saying: "It was a dreadful time for my parents and probably the root of their divorce because I don't think they ever got over it." While young, Diana caught the pitch of her family's frustration. She considered herself a nuisance, and later felt an overwhelming load of guilt over it. These feelings she later learned to accept and recognize. Diana grew up in Park House which was situated near to the Sandringham estate.Diana's parents separated when she was only seven years of age. They divorced because her mother, Frances, had an affair with Peter Shand Kydd. In Morton's book, he described how she remembered her father packing suitcases, her mother crunching across the gravel forecourt, and driving away through the gates of Park House. Shortly after, her father, John Spencer, won custody of both her and her three siblings. She was first educated at Riddlesworth Hall, and later attended boarding school at The New School at West Heath. In 1973, John Spencer began a relationship with Raine Legge, the Countess of Dartmouth, the only daughter of Alexander McCorquodale and Barbara Cartland. Lord Spencer and Lady Dartmouth were married at Caxton Hall, London, on 14 July 1976. As Countess Spencer, Raine was unpopular with her stepdaughter Lady Diana Spencer. However, media reports have suggested that at the time of her death, Diana was reconciled with her stepmother, while her relationship with her mother Frances Shand Kydd, had become strained. Diana received the title of Lady after her father inherited the title of Earl Spencer in 1975. Diana was often noted for her shyness while growing up, but she did take an interest in both music and dancing. She also had a great interest in children. After attending finishing school at the Institut Alpin Videmanette in Switzerland, she moved to London. She began working with children, eventually becoming a kindergarten teacher at the Young England School. Diana had apparently played with Prince Andrew and Prince Edward, Earl of Wessex as a child while her family rented Park House, an estate owned by Queen Elizabeth II.
Education
At the age of seven, Diana was sent to Riddlesworth Hall, an all-girls boarding school. While she was young, she attended a local public school. It was common practice for upper-class families to send their children to boarding schools at around age eight. Initially very homesick, Diana fell into the common boarding school routine. She did not shine academically, and was moved to West Heath Girls' School (later reorganised as The New School at West Heath) in Sevenoaks, Kent, where she was regarded as a poor student, having attempted and failed all of her O-levels twice. However, she showed a particular talent for music as an accomplished pianist. Her outstanding community spirit was recognised with an award from West Heath. In 1977, at the age of 16, she left West Heath and briefly attended Institut Alpin Videmanette, a finishing school in Rougemont, Switzerland. At about that time, she first met her future husband, who was then dating her eldest sister, Lady Sarah. Diana reportedly excelled in swimming and diving, and longed to be a professional ballerina with the Royal Ballet. She studied ballet for a time, but then grew to 5'10", far too tall for the profession.Diana moved to London before she turned seventeen, living in her mother's flat, as her mother then spent most of the year in Scotland. Soon afterwards, an apartment was purchased for £50,000 as an 18th birthday present, at Coleherne Court in Earls Court. She lived there until 1981 with three flatmates.
In London, she took an advanced cooking course at her mother's suggestion, although she never became an adroit cook, and worked as a dance instructor for youth, until a skiing accident caused her to miss three months of work. She then found employment as a playgroup (pre-preschool) assistant, did some cleaning work for her sister Sarah and several of her friends, and worked as a hostess at parties. Diana also spent time working as a nanny for an American family living in London.
Relationship
Prince Charles had previously been linked to Diana's elder sister Sarah, and in his early thirties he was under increasing pressure to marry. Under the Act of Settlement 1701, royals forfeit their succession rights to the Throne if they marry "papists" (Roman Catholics). Diana's Church of England faith, native Englishness, and lack of an obvious "past" appeared to render her a suitable royal bride both legally and socially.Prince Charles had known Diana for several years, but he first took a serious interest in her as a potential bride during the summer of 1980, when they were guests at a country weekend, where she watched him play polo. The relationship developed as he invited her for a sailing weekend to Cowes aboard the royal yacht Britannia, followed by an invitation to Balmoral (the Royal Family's Scottish residence) to meet his family. There, Diana was well received by Queen Elizabeth II, by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and by the Queen Mother. The couple subsequently courted in London. The Prince proposed on 6 February 1981, and Diana accepted, but their engagement was kept secret for the next few weeks.
Engagement and wedding
thumb|right|Charles and Diana's wedding commemorated on a 1981 British [[Crown (British coin)|Crown]] Their engagement became official on 24 February 1981, after Diana selected a large £30,000 ring, £85,700 in today's terms, consisting of 14 diamonds surrounding a sapphire, similar to her mother's engagement ring. The ring was made by the then crown jewellers Garrard but, unusually for a member of the Royal Family, the ring was not unique and was, at the time, featured in Garrard's jewellery collection. The ring was later used in 2010 as the engagement ring of Kate Middleton, the wife of Diana's elder son Prince William.Twenty-year-old Diana became The Princess of Wales when she married Charles on 29 July 1981 at St Paul's Cathedral, which offered more seating than Westminster Abbey, generally used for royal nuptials. It was widely billed as a "fairytale wedding", watched by a global television audience of 750 million while 600,000 people lined the streets to catch a glimpse of Diana en route to the ceremony. At the altar Diana accidentally reversed the order of Charles's first two names, saying ''Philip Charles Arthur George'' instead. She did not say that she would "obey" him; that traditional vow was left out at the couple's request, which caused some comment at the time. Diana wore a dress valued at £9000 with a 25-foot (8-metre) train. The couple's wedding cake was created by Belgian pastry chef S. G. Sender, who was known as the "cakemaker to the kings."
Children
On 5 November 1981, Diana's first pregnancy was officially announced, and she frankly discussed her pregnancy with members of the press corps. In the private Lindo Wing of St. Mary's Hospital, Paddington, on 21 June 1982, Diana gave birth to her and Prince Charles's first son and heir, William Arthur Philip Louis. Amidst some media criticism, she decided to take William, still a baby, on her first major tours of Australia and New Zealand, but the decision was popularly applauded. By her own admission, Diana had not initially intended to take William until it was suggested by Malcolm Fraser, the Australian prime minister.A second son, Henry Charles Albert David, was born about two years after William, on 15 September 1984. Diana asserted that she and Prince Charles were closest during her pregnancy with "Harry", as the younger prince was known. She was aware their second child was a boy, but did not share the knowledge with anyone else, including Prince Charles.
She was regarded by a biographer as a devoted and demonstrative mother. She rarely deferred to Prince Charles or to the Royal Family, and was often intransigent when it came to the children. She chose their first given names, dismissed a royal family nanny and engaged one of her own choosing, selected their schools and clothing, planned their outings and took them to school herself as often as her schedule permitted. She also negotiated her public duties around their timetables. from the mid-1980s, the Princess of Wales became increasingly associated with numerous charities. As Princess of Wales she was expected to visit hospitals, schools, etc., in the 20th-century model of royal patronage. Diana developed an intense interest in serious illnesses and health-related matters outside the purview of traditional royal involvement, including AIDS and leprosy. In addition, the Princess was the patroness of charities and organisations working with the homeless, youth, drug addicts and the elderly. From 1989, she was President of Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children. She also worked street corners to pay for food and for her children.
During her final year, Diana lent highly visible support to the International Campaign to Ban Landmines, a campaign that went on to win the Nobel Peace Prize in 1997 after her death.
Problems and separation
During the early 1990s, the marriage of Diana and Charles fell apart, an event at first suppressed, then sensationalised, by the world media. Both the Prince and Princess of Wales allegedly spoke to the press through friends, each blaming the other for the marriage's demise.The chronology of the break-up identifies reported difficulties between Charles and Diana as early as 1985. During 1986 Diana began an affair with Major James Hewitt, while Prince Charles turned to his former girlfriend, Camilla Shand, who had become Camilla Parker-Bowles, wife of Andrew Parker-Bowles. These affairs were exposed in May 1992 with the publication of ''Diana: Her True Story'', by Andrew Morton. The book, which also laid bare Diana's allegedly suicidal unhappiness, caused a media storm. This publication was followed during 1992 and 1993 by leaked tapes of telephone conversations which negatively reflected on both the royal antagonists. Transcripts of taped intimate conversations between Diana and James Gilbey were published by the ''Sun'' newspaper in Britain in August 1992. The article's title, "Squidgygate", referenced Gilbey's affectionate nickname for Diana. The next to surface, in November 1992, were the leaked "Camillagate" tapes, intimate exchanges between Charles and Camilla, published in ''Today'' and the ''Mirror'' newspapers.
In the meantime, rumours had begun to surface about Diana's relationship with James Hewitt, her former riding instructor. These would be brought into the open by the publication in 1994 of ''Princess in Love''.
In December 1992, Prime Minister John Major announced the Wales's "amicable separation" to the House of Commons, and the full Camillagate transcript was published a month later in the newspapers, in January 1993. On 3 December 1993, Diana announced her withdrawal from public life. Charles sought public understanding via a televised interview with Jonathan Dimbleby on 29 June 1994. In this he confirmed his own extramarital affair with Camilla, saying that he had only rekindled their association in 1986, after his marriage to the Princess of Wales had "irretrievably broken down."
While she blamed Camilla Parker-Bowles for her marital troubles due to her previous relationship with Charles, Diana at some point began to believe Charles had other affairs. In October 1993 Diana wrote to a friend that she believed her husband was now in love with Tiggy Legge-Bourke and wanted to marry her. Legge-Bourke had been hired by Prince Charles as a young companion for his sons while they were in his care, and Diana was extremely resentful of Legge-Bourke and her relationship with the young princes.
Divorce
Diana was interviewed for the BBC current affairs show ''Panorama'' by journalist Martin Bashir; the interview was broadcast on 20 November 1995. In it, Diana asserted of Hewitt, "Yes, I loved him. Yes, I adored him." Of Camilla, she claimed "There were three of us in this marriage." For herself, she said "I'd like to be a queen of people's hearts." On Charles's suitability for kingship, she said: "Because I know the character I would think that the top job, as I call it, would bring enormous limitations to him, and I don't know whether he could adapt to that."In December 1995, the Queen asked Charles and Diana for "an early divorce", as a direct result of Diana's ''Panorama'' interview. This followed shortly after Diana's accusation that Tiggy Legge-Bourke had aborted Charles's child, after which Legge-Bourke instructed Peter Carter-Ruck to demand an apology. Two days before this story broke, Diana's secretary Patrick Jephson resigned, later writing Diana had "exulted in accusing Legge-Bourke of having had an abortion".
On 20 December 1995, Buckingham Palace publicly announced the Queen had sent letters to Charles and Diana advising them to divorce. The Queen's move was backed by the Prime Minister and by senior Privy Counsellors, and, according to the BBC, was decided after two weeks of talks. Prince Charles immediately agreed with the suggestion. In February Diana announced her agreement after negotiations with Prince Charles and representatives of the Queen, irritating Buckingham Palace by issuing her own announcement of a divorce agreement and its terms.
The divorce was finalised on 28 August 1996.
Diana received a lump sum settlement of around £17 million along with a clause standard in royal divorces preventing her from discussing the details.
Days before the decree absolute of divorce, Letters Patent were issued with general rules to regulate royal titles after divorce. In accordance, as she was no longer married to the Prince of Wales, Diana lost the style ''Her Royal Highness'' and instead was styled ''Diana, Princess of Wales''. Buckingham Palace issued a press release on the day of the decree absolute of divorce was issued, announcing Diana's change of title, but made it clear that Diana continued to be a British princess.
Almost a year before, according to Tina Brown, Prince Philip had warned Diana: "If you don't behave, my girl, we'll take your title away." Diana is said to have replied: "My title is a lot older than yours, Philip".
Buckingham Palace stated that Diana was still a member of the Royal Family, as she was the mother of the second- and third-in-line to the throne. This was confirmed by the Deputy Coroner of the Queen's Household, Baroness Butler-Sloss, after a pre-hearing on 8 January 2007: "I am satisfied that at her death, Diana, Princess of Wales continued to be considered as a member of the Royal Household." This appears to have been confirmed in the High Court judicial review matter of ''Al Fayed & Ors v Butler-Sloss''. In that case, three High Court judges accepted submissions that the "very name ‘Coroner to the Queen's Household’ gave the appearance of partiality in the context of inquests into the deaths of two people, ''one of whom was a member of the Family'' and the other was not."
Personal life after divorce
After the divorce, Diana retained her double apartment on the north side of Kensington Palace, which she had shared with Prince Charles since the first year of their marriage, and it remained her home until her death.Diana dated the respected heart surgeon Hasnat Khan, from Jhelum, Pakistan, who was called "the love of her life" after her death by many of her closest friends, for almost two years, before Khan ended the relationship. Khan was intensely private and the relationship was conducted in secrecy, with Diana lying to members of the press who questioned her about it. Khan was from a traditional Pakistani family who expected him to marry from a related Muslim clan, and their differences, which were not just religious, became too much for Khan. According to Khan's testimonial at the inquest for her death, it was Diana herself, not Khan, who ended their relationship in a late-night meeting in Hyde Park, which adjoins the grounds of Kensington Palace, in June 1997.
Within a month Diana had begun dating Dodi Al-Fayed, son of her host that summer, Mohamed Al-Fayed. Diana had considered taking her sons that summer on a holiday to the Hamptons on Long Island, New York, but security officials had prevented it. After deciding against a trip to Thailand, she accepted Fayed's invitation to join his family in the south of France, where his compound and large security detail would not cause concern to the Royal Protection squad. Mohamed Al-Fayed bought a multi-million pound yacht, the Jonikal, a 60-metre yacht belonging to Mohammed al-Fayed on which to entertain the princess and her sons.
Landmines
In January 1997, pictures of the Princess touring an Angolan minefield in a ballistic helmet and flak jacket were seen worldwide. It was during this campaign that some accused the Princess of meddling in politics and declared her a 'loose cannon'. In August 1997, just days before her death, she visited Bosnia with Jerry White and Ken Rutherford of the Landmine Survivors Network. Her interest in landmines was focused on the injuries they create, often to children, long after a conflict is over.She is believed to have influenced the signing, though only after her death, of the Ottawa Treaty, which created an international ban on the use of anti-personnel landmines. Introducing the Second Reading of the Landmines Bill 1998 to the British House of Commons, the Foreign Secretary, Robin Cook, paid tribute to Diana's work on landmines:
All Honourable Members will be aware from their postbags of the immense contribution made by Diana, Princess of Wales to bringing home to many of our constituents the human costs of landmines. The best way in which to record our appreciation of her work, and the work of NGOs that have campaigned against landmines, is to pass the Bill, and to pave the way towards a global ban on landmines.
The United Nations appealed to the nations which produced and stockpiled the largest numbers of landmines (United States, China, India, North Korea, Pakistan, and Russia) to sign the Ottawa Treaty forbidding their production and use, for which Diana had campaigned. Carol Bellamy, Executive Director of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), said that landmines remained "a deadly attraction for children, whose innate curiosity and need for play often lure them directly into harm's way". ''
Death
On 31 August 1997, Diana was fatally injured in a car crash in the Pont de l'Alma road tunnel in Paris, which also caused the death of her boyfriend, Dodi Fayed and their driver, Henri Paul, acting security manager of the Hôtel Ritz Paris. Millions of people watched the princess' funeral.
Conspiracy theories and inquest
The initial French judicial investigation concluded that the accident was caused by Henri Paul's drunken loss of control. From February 1999, Dodi's father, Mohamed Al-Fayed (the owner of the Paris Ritz, for which Paul had worked) maintained that the crash had been planned, accusing MI6 as well as Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Inquests in London during 2004 and 2007 finally attributed the accident to grossly negligent driving by Henri Paul and to the pursuing paparazzi. The following day Al-Fayed announced he would end his 10-year campaign for the sake of the late Princess of Wales's children.
Tribute, funeral, and burial
The sudden and unexpected death of a very popular royal figure Diana, a British princess brought statements from senior figures worldwide and many tributes by members of the public. People left public offerings of flowers, candles, cards and personal messages outside Kensington Palace for many months.Diana's funeral took place in Westminster Abbey on 6 September 1997. The previous day Queen Elizabeth II had paid tribute to her in a live television broadcast. Her sons, the Princes William and Harry, walked in the funeral procession behind her coffin, along with the Prince of Wales and the Duke of Edinburgh, and with Diana's brother, Charles Spencer, 9th Earl Spencer. Lord Spencer said of his sister: "She proved in the last year that she needed no royal title to continue to generate her particular brand of magic.".
Memorials
Immediately after her death, many sites around the world became briefly ''ad hoc'' memorials to Diana, where the public left flowers and other tributes. The largest was outside the gates of Kensington Palace. Permanent memorials include:
Memorabilia
Following Diana's death, the Diana Memorial Fund was granted intellectual property rights over her image. In 1998, after refusing the Franklin Mint an official license to produce Diana merchandise, the fund sued the company, accusing it of illegally selling Diana dolls, plates and jewellery. In California, where the initial case was tried, a suit to preserve the ''right of publicity'' may be filed on behalf of a dead person, but only if that person is a Californian. The Memorial Fund therefore filed the lawsuit on behalf of the estate and, upon losing the case, were required to pay the Franklin Mint's legal costs of £3 million which, combined with other fees, caused the Memorial Fund to freeze their grants to charities.In 1998, Azermarka issued postage stamps with both Azeri and English captions, commemorating Diana. The English text reads "Diana, Princess of Wales. The Princess that captured people's hearts".
In 2003, the Franklin Mint counter-sued; the case was eventually settled in 2004, with the fund agreeing to an out-of-court settlement, which was donated to mutually agreed charitable causes.
Today, pursuant to this lawsuit, two California companies continue to sell Diana memorabilia without the need for any permission from Diana's estate: the Franklin Mint and Princess Ring LLC.
Diana in contemporary art
Diana has been depicted in contemporary art since her death. Some of the artworks have referenced the conspiracy theories, as well as paying tribute to Diana's compassion and acknowledging her perceived victimhood.In July 1999, Tracey Emin created a number of monoprint drawings featuring textual references about Diana's public and private life, for ''Temple of Diana'', a themed exhibition at The Blue Gallery, London. Works such as ''They Wanted You To Be Destroyed'' (1999) related to Diana's bulimia, while others included affectionate texts such as ''Love Was On Your Side'' and Diana's ''Dress with puffy sleeves''. Another text praised her selflessness - ''The things you did to help other people'', showing Diana in protective clothing walking through a minefield in Angola - while another referenced the conspiracy theories. Of her drawings, Emin maintained "They're quite sentimental . . . and there's nothing cynical about it whatsoever."
In 2005 Martin Sastre premiered during the Venice Biennial the film Diana: The Rose Conspiracy. This fictional work starts with the world discovering Diana alive and enjoying a happy undercover new life in a dangerous favela on the outskirts of Montevideo. Shot on a genuine Uruguayan slum and using a Diana impersonator from São Paulo, the film was selected among the Venice Biennial's best works by the Italian Art Critics Association.
In 2007, following an earlier series referencing the conspiracy theories, Stella Vine created a series of Diana paintings for her first major solo exhibition at Modern Art Oxford gallery. Vine intended to portray Diana's combined strength and vulnerability as well as her closeness to her two sons. The works, all completed in 2007, included ''Diana branches'', ''Diana family picnic'', ''Diana veil'' and ''Diana pram'', which incorporated the quotation "I vow to thee my country". Immodesty Blaize said she had been entranced by ''Diana crash'', finding it "by turns horrifying, bemusing and funny". Vine asserted her own abiding attraction to "the beauty and the tragedy of Diana's life".
Later events
On 13 July 2006 Italian magazine ''Chi'' published photographs showing the princess amid the wreckage of the car crash, despite an unofficial blackout on such photographs being published. The editor of ''Chi'' defended his decision by saying that he published the photographs simply because they had not been previously seen, and that he felt the images are not disrespectful to the memory of the Princess. Fresh controversy arose over the issue of these photographs when Britain's Channel 4 broadcast them during a documentary in June 2007.1 July 2007 marked a concert at Wembley Stadium. The event, organised by the Princes William and Harry, celebrated the 46th anniversary of their mother's birth and occurred a few weeks before the 10th anniversary of her death on 31 August.
The 2007 docudrama ''Diana: Last Days of a Princess'' details the final two months of her life.
On an October 2007 episode of ''The Chaser's War on Everything'', Andrew Hansen mocked Diana in his "Eulogy Song", which immediately created considerable controversy in the Australian media.
Contemporary opinions
From her engagement to the Prince of Wales in 1981 until her death in 1997, Diana was an iconic presence on the world stage, often described as the ''world's most photographed woman''. She was noted for her compassion, style, charisma, and high-profile charity work, as well as her difficult marriage to Prince Charles.Diana was revealed to be a major source behind Andrew Morton's ''Diana: Her True Story'', which had portrayed her as being wronged by the House of Windsor. Morton instanced Diana's claim that she attempted suicide while pregnant by falling down a series of stairs and that Charles had left her to go riding. Tina Brown opined that it was not a suicide attempt because she would not intentionally have tried to harm the unborn child.
Royal biographer Sarah Bradford commented, "The only cure for her (Diana's) suffering would have been the love of the Prince of Wales, which she so passionately desired, something which would always be denied her. His was the final rejection; the way in which he consistently denigrated her reduced her to despair." Diana herself commented, "My husband made me feel inadequate in every possible way that each time I came up for air he pushed me down again ..."
Diana herself admitted to struggling with depression, self-injury, and bulimia, which recurred throughout her adult life. One biographer suggested that Diana suffered from borderline personality disorder.
In 2007, Tina Brown wrote a biography about Diana as a "restless and demanding shopaholic who was obsessed with her public image" as well as being a "spiteful, manipulative, media-savvy neurotic." Brown also claims that Diana married Charles for his power and had a romantic relationship with Dodi Fayed to anger the royal family, with no intention of marrying him.
Titles, styles, honours, and arms
| Name | The Princess of Wales(before her divorce) |
|---|---|
| Dipstyle | Her Royal Highness |
| Offstyle | Your Royal Highness |
| Altstyle | Ma'am }} |
Titles and styles
Posthumously, as in life, she is most popularly referred to as "Princess Diana", a title she never held. Still, she is sometimes referred to (according to the tradition of using maiden names after death) in the media as "Lady Diana Spencer", or simply as "Lady Di". After Tony Blair's famous speech she was also often referred to as the ''People's Princess''.
Diana's full title, while married, was ''Her Royal Highness The Princess Charles Philip Arthur George, Princess of Wales & Countess of Chester, Duchess of Cornwall, Duchess of Rothesay, Countess of Carrick, Baroness of Renfrew, Lady of the Isles, Princess of Scotland''.
Before her divorce and until her death Diana, Princess of Wales continued to be a Princess of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland without the style Royal Highness. As the mother of the future Sovereign, she was accorded the same precedence she enjoyed whilst being married to the Prince of Wales. This situation made the Princess the first non royal British princess of all history.
Honours
British honoursForeign honours
Arms
| Notes | As the wife of the Prince of Wales, Diana used his arms impaled (side by side) with those of her father. |
|---|---|
| Crest | Coronet of the Prince of Wales |
| Escutcheon | Quarterly 1st and 4th gules three lions passant guardant in pale or armed and langed azure 2nd or a lion rampant gules armed and langued azure within a double tressure flory counterflory of the second 3rd azure a harp or stringed argent overall an escutcheon of Coat of Arms of the Principality of Wales, the whole differenced with a label of three points argent; impaled with a shield quarterly 1st and 4th Argent 2nd and 3rd Gules a fret Or overall a bend Sable charged with three escallops Argent. |
| Supporters | Dexter a lion rampant gardant Or crowned with the coronet of the Prince of Wales Proper, sinister a griffin winged and unguled Or, gorged with a coronet Or composed of crosses patée and fleurs de lis a chain affixed thereto passing between the forelegs and reflexed over the back also Or |
| Motto | DIEU DEFEND LE DROIT''(God defends the right)'' |
| Previous versions | After her divorce and before her death, Diana used the arms of her father, undifferenced, crowned by a royal coronet.
}} |
Legacy
Ancestry
Issue
| style="background:#708090;" | Name !! style="background:#708090;">Birth !! style="background:#708090;" colspan="2" | Marriage | Issue | |
| Prince William, Duke of Cambridge | 21 June 1982 | 29 April 2011| | Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge>Catherine Middleton | |
| Prince Harry of Wales | 15 September 1984| |
See also
Notes
References
Bibliography
Further reading
External links
Category:British princesses by marriage Category:British duchesses by marriage Category:British countesses Category:British baronesses Category:Princesses of Wales Category:British humanitarians Category:Daughters of British earls Category:English Anglicans Category:Mine action Category:House of Windsor Category:Mountbatten-Windsor family Category:People from King's Lynn and West Norfolk (district) Category:People from Northamptonshire Category:Recipients of the Order of the Crown (Netherlands) Category:Road accident deaths in France Category:Spencer-Churchill family Category:1961 births Category:1997 deaths Category:Folk saints
af:Diana, Prinses van Wallis ar:ديانا أميرة ويلز ast:Diana Spencer az:Diana, Uels şahzadəsi bn:ডায়ানা, প্রিন্সেস অফ ওয়েলস be:Дыяна, прынцэса Уэльская bcl:Prinsesa Diana bs:Diana Spencer bg:Даяна Спенсър ca:Diana de Gal·les cv:Диана, Уэльс принцесси cs:Princezna Diana cy:Diana, Tywysoges Cymru da:Prinsesse Diana de:Diana Spencer et:Diana Frances Mountbatten-Windsor el:Νταϊάνα, πριγκίπισσα της Ουαλίας es:Diana de Gales eo:Diana Spencer eu:Diana Galeskoa fa:دیانا فرانسس اسپنسر fr:Diana Spencer fy:Diana, Prinses fan Wales ga:Diana, Banphrionsa na Breataine Bige gl:Diana de Gales gan:戴安娜王妃 ko:웨일스 공작 부인 다이애나 hy:Դիաննա Սփենսեր hi:राजकुमारी डायना hr:Diana, velška princeza io:Diana Spenser id:Diana Spencer is:Díana prinsessa it:Diana Spencer he:דיאנה, הנסיכה מוויילס jv:Diana Spencer ka:პრინცესა დაიანა la:Diana Francisca Spencer lv:Princese Diāna lt:Velso princesė Diana hu:Diána walesi hercegné mk:Дијана (принцеза од Велс) mr:डायाना (राजकुमारी) ms:Diana, Puteri Wales my:ဒိုင်ယာနာ nl:Diana Spencer ja:ダイアナ (プリンセス・オブ・ウェールズ) no:Diana, fyrstinne av Wales nn:Prinsesse Diana av Wales uz:Diana Frances Spencer pnb:لیڈی ڈیانہ pms:Dian-a Frances Spencer pl:Diana, księżna Walii pt:Diana, Princesa de Gales ksh:Diana Spencer ro:Diana, Prințesă de Wales ru:Диана, принцесса Уэльская se:Diana (Walesa prinseassa) sa:डायना राजकुमारी sq:Diana, Princesha e Wells-it simple:Diana, Princess of Wales sk:Diana Frances Mountbattenová-Windsorová sl:Diana Spencer sr:Дајана, принцеза од Велса sh:Diana, Princeza od Walesa fi:Walesin prinsessa Diana sv:Diana, prinsessa av Wales ta:டயானா, வேல்ஸ் இளவரசி kab:Diana th:ไดอานา เจ้าหญิงแห่งเวลส์ tr:Diana Spencer uk:Діана, принцеса Уельська vi:Diana (Công nương xứ Wales) zh-classical:威爾斯王妃黛安娜 war:Diana, Prinsesa han Wales wuu:戴安娜王妃 zh-yue:戴安娜王妃 zh:戴安娜 (威爾斯王妃)
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