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Aleister Crowley
Aleister Crowley (; 12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947), born Edward Alexander Crowley, and also known as both Frater Perdurabo and The Great Beast, was an influential English occultist, mystic and ceremonial magician, responsible for founding the religious philosophy of Thelema. Through this belief he came to see himself as the prophet who was entrusted with informing humanity that it was entering the new Aeon of Horus in 1904, a time when old ethical and religious systems would be replaced. Widely seen as one of the most influential occultists of all time, he was a member of the esoteric Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn, as well as a co-founder of the A∴A∴ and eventually a leader of Ordo Templi Orientis (O.T.O.). He is known today for his magical writings, especially The Book of the Law, the central sacred text of Thelema, although he also wrote widely on other subjects, including a large amount of fiction and poetry.
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Bengali people
The Bengali people are an ethnic community native to the historic region of Bengal (now divided between Bangladesh and India) in South Asia. They speak Bengali (বাংলা Bangla), which is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent, evolved from the Magadhi Prakrit and Sanskrit languages. In their native language, they are referred to as বাঙালী (pronounced Bangali). They are an Indo-Aryan people, though they are also descended from Mongolo-Dravidians, closely related to Austro-Asiatic, Dravidian, Assamese, Sinhalese, Munda, Tibeto-Burman peoples. As such, Bengalis are a but considerably diverse ethnic group with heterogeneous origins.
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China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
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Dai people
The Dai peoples (Tai Lü: ᦺᦑᦟ; , Tai Nüa: ; , ) is one of several ethnic groups living in the Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture and the Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture (both in southern Yunnan, China), but by extension can apply to groups in Laos, Vietnam, Thailand, and Burma when Dai is used to mean specifically Tai Lue, Chinese Shan or even Tai in general. For other names, see table below.
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Gujarati people
Gujarati people (Gujarati: ગુજરાતી લોકો Gujǎrātī loko?), or Gujaratis are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group that is traditionally Gujarati-speaking and can trace their ancestry to the state of Gujarat in northwestern India. Famous Gujaratis include Mohandas Gandhi, Mohammad Ali Jinnah, and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
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Jesus
Jesus of Nazareth (c. 5 BC/BCE – c. 30 AD/CE),
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John T. McCutcheon
John Tinney McCutcheon (May 6, 1870 – June 10, 1949) was an American newspaper political cartoonist who was known as the "Dean of American Cartoonists".
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Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC) was a Roman general and statesman. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
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Kutchi people
The Kutchi people (Gujarati: કચ્છી, ) traditionally reside in the Kutch region of the northwestern Indian state of Gujarat and in the Sindh province of Pakistan. Modern day Kachhis have moved out of Kutch to nearby commercial havens such as Ahmedabad, Baroda, and Mumbai, and to neighbouring states such as Rajasthan, Maharashtra, and Punjab, while in Pakistan, Kutchi people have migrated from rural areas and settled in Karachi and Hyderabad.
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Malayali people
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Marathi people
The Marathi people or Maharashtrians () are an Indo-Aryan ethnic group, that inhabit the Maharashtra region and state of western India. Their language Marathi is part of the southern group of Indo-Aryan languages. Although their history goes back more than a millennium, the community came to prominence when Maratha warriors under Shivaji Maharaj established the Maratha Empire in 1674. Mee Marathi (मी मराठी, I am Marathi) are two words that have always inculcated Marathi pride.
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Marwaris
Marwaris () or Rajasthani people are subgroup of larger Indo-Aryan ethnic group, that inhabit the Rajasthan region of India. Their language Rajasthani is a part of the western group of Indo-Aryan languages.
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Newars
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Oriya people
The Oriya, classically known in various names (Odiya, Odri, Utkaliya, Kalingi, Dakhini Kosli) [; ], are an ethnic group of eastern India and of eastern Indo-Aryan stock. They are found primarily in the coastal province of Orissa, with minority populations in Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh. The Oriya people are known for their history of Sun worship, and Orissa is home to some of the oldest Sun temples in India, including Konark. They can trace their history to the early Indo-Aryan Kalingas, who built a mighty eastern coastal empire here that was later absorbed into the Mauryan empire. There are also descendants of the Dravidian peoples, now found chiefly in South India, and the early Austro-Asiatic peoples, whose tribal descendants still live in large numbers in Orissa.
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Parsis
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Tamil people
Tamil people (), also called Tamils or Tamilians, are a linguistic and ethnic group native to Tamil Nadu, a state in Southern India and the north-eastern region of Sri Lanka. They speak Tamil (), with a recorded history going back two millennia. Emigrant communities are found across the world, notably Malaysia, Singapore, South Africa, Canada, and the UK. The Tamils are mostly Hindus with sizable Christian and Muslim populations.
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Virgin Mary
http://wn.com/Virgin_Mary
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Andhra Pradesh
Andhra Pradesh (, ), abbreviated A.P., is a state situated on the southeastern coast of India. It is India's fourth largest state by area and fifth largest by population. Its capital and largest city is Hyderabad. The State has the second longest coastline among all the States in India. The official language of Andhra Pradesh is Telugu, while other languages spoken in Andhra Pradesh are Urdu, English, Tamil, and Hindi.
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Assam
Assam (Assamese: অসম Ôxôm ) is a northeastern state of India with its capital at Dispur in the city of Guwahati. Located south of the eastern Himalayas, Assam comprises the Brahmaputra and the Barak river valleys along with the Karbi Anglong and the North Cachar Hills with an area of 30,285 square miles (78,438 km²). Assam is surrounded by six of the other Seven Sister States: Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram, Tripura and Meghalaya. These states are connected to the rest of India via a narrow strip in West Bengal called the Siliguri Corridor or "Chicken's Neck". Assam also shares international borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh; and cultures, peoples and climate with South-East Asia – important elements in India’s Look East policy.
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Bali
Bali is an Indonesian island located in the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands, lying between Java to the west and Lombok to the east. It is one of the country's 33 provinces with the provincial capital at Denpasar towards the south of the island.
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Bangladesh
Bangladesh (; , '), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (Bengali: গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ ') is a country in South Asia. It is bordered by India on all sides except for a small border with Burma (Myanmar) to the far southeast and by the Bay of Bengal to the south. Together with the Indian state of West Bengal, it makes up the ethno-linguistic region of Bengal. The name Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" in the official Bengali language.
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British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom. It originated with the overseas colonies and trading posts established by England in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. At its height it was the largest empire in history and, for over a century, was the foremost global power. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-quarter of the world's population at the time, and covered more than 13 million square miles (34 million km2), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area. As a result, its political, linguistic and cultural legacy is widespread. At the peak of its power, it was often said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire" because its span across the globe ensured that the sun was always shining on at least one of its numerous territories.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria ( , Balgariya, ), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (, Republika Balgariya, ), is a country in Southern Europe. Bulgaria borders five other countries: Romania to the north (mostly along the Danube), Serbia and the Republic of Macedonia to the west, and Greece and Turkey to the south. The Black Sea defines the extent of the country to the east.
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Cambodia
The "Kingdom of Cambodia" "Royaume du Cambodge" (official name), also known as Cambodia, derived from Sanskrit Kambujadesa ()), is a country in Southeast Asia that borders Thailand to the west and northwest, Laos to the northeast, Vietnam to the east, and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. The geography of Cambodia is dominated by rivers and a lake namely: The Mekong River (Upper and Lower) (Khmer: ទន្លេមេគង្គ Tonlé Mékong Pronounced: Tonlé Mékung = Mother Water River), Sab River Tonlé Sap (Khmer: ទន្លេសាប Pronounced: Tonlé Sab = Fresh Water River), Bassac River Tonlé Bassac (Khmer: ទន្លេបាសាក់ Pronounced: Tonlé Bassuck = ?)
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Caroline Island
Caroline Island or Caroline Atoll (also known as Millennium Island), is the easternmost of the uninhabited coral atolls which comprise the southern Line Islands in the central Pacific Ocean.
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China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
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Cyprus
Cyprus (; , Kýpros, ; ), – officially the Republic of Cyprus (, Kypriakī́ Dīmokratía, ; ) – is a Eurasian island country in the Eastern Mediterranean, south of Turkey and west of Syria and Lebanon. It is the third largest island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of its most popular tourist destinations. An advanced, high-income economy with a very high Human Development Index, the Republic of Cyprus was a founding member of the Non-Aligned Movement until it joined the European Union on 1 May 2004.
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Deccan
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Denmark
Denmark (; , , archaic: ), officially the Kingdom of Denmark (Danish: ) together with Greenland and the Faroe Islands, is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland (Jylland) and many islands, most notably Zealand (Sjælland), Funen (Fyn), Vendsyssel-Thy (commonly considered a part of Jutland), Lolland, Falster and Bornholm, as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago. Denmark has long controlled the approach to the Baltic Sea; before the digging of the Kiel Canal, water passage to the Baltic Sea was possible only through the three channels known as the "Danish straits".
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Dutch Republic
The Dutch Republic — officially known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), the Republic of the United Netherlands, or the Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën) — was a republic in Europe existing from 1581 to 1795, preceding the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include United Provinces, Foederatae Belgii Provinciae (Federated Belgic Provinces), and Belgica Foederata (Belgic Federation).
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Egypt
Egypt (; , Miṣr, ; Egyptian Arabic: مصر, Maṣr, ; Coptic: , ; Greek: Αίγυπτος, Aiguptos; Egyptian:
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England
England () is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west and the North Sea to the east, with the English Channel to the south separating it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
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Ethiopia
{{Infobox country
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France
{{Infobox Country
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Georgia (country)
Georgia (, sak’art’velo ; ) is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Situated at the juncture of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the south by Turkey and Armenia, and to the east by Azerbaijan. Georgia covers a territory of 69,700 km² and its population is more than 4.6 million. Georgia's constitution is that of a representative democracy, organized as a unitary, semi-presidential republic. It is currently a member of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the World Trade Organization, the Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Community of Democratic Choice, the GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development, and the Asian Development Bank. The country aspires to join NATO and the European Union.
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Germany
Germany (), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Western Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The territory of Germany covers 357.021 km2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state of the European Union, and home to the third-largest number of international migrants worldwide.
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Greece
Greece (; , Elláda, ; , Hellás, ), also known as Hellas and officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Ellīnikī́ Dīmokratía, ), is a country in southeastern Europe. Situated on the southern end of the Balkan Peninsula, Greece has land borders with Albania, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of mainland Greece, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the tenth longest coastline in the world at in length, featuring a vast number of islands (approximately 1400, of which 227 are inhabited), including Crete, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades, and the Ionian Islands among others. Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains, of which Mount Olympus is the highest at .
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India
India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
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Iran
Iran ( ), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran is a country in Central Eurasia and Western Asia. The name Iran has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was also known to the western world as Persia. Both Persia and Iran are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, Iran is the name used officially in political contexts.
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Jerusalem
Jerusalem ( , ; Arabic: , al-Quds Sharif, "The Holy Sanctuary") is the capital of Israel, though not internationally recognized as such. If the area and population of East Jerusalem is included, it is Israel's largest city in both population and area, with a population of 763,800 residents over an area of . Located in the Judean Mountains, between the Mediterranean Sea and the northern edge of the Dead Sea, modern Jerusalem has grown far beyond the boundaries of the Old City.
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Karnataka
Karnataka (, pronounced ) is a state in South West India. It was created on 1 November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as the State of Mysore, it was renamed Karnataka in 1973.
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Kerala
Kerala (Malayalam: , {{audio|Ml-Kerala.ogg|) is a state in India. It is located on the south-western region of the country. It was created on 1 November 1956, with the passing of the States Reorganisation Act bringing together the areas where Malayalam was the dominant language.
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Kiribati
Kiribati ( ; ), officially the Republic of Kiribati, is an island nation located in the central tropical Pacific Ocean. It is composed of 32 atolls and one raised coral island, dispersed over 3.5 million square kilometres, (1,351,000 square miles) straddling the equator, and bordering the International Date Line at its easternmost point.
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Kutch
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Madurai
Madurai (, ; formerly Madura) is the oldest continuously inhabited city in the Indian peninsula. It is an ancient and prestigious city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, situated on the banks of the River Vaigai in Madurai district.
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Maharashtra
Maharashtra (Marathi: , ) is a state located in West India. The word Maharashtra comes from the words Maha meaning Great and Rashtra meaning Nation, thus rendering the name Maharashtra (Great Nation). It is the second most populous after Uttar Pradesh and third largest state by area in India. It is the richest state in India, contributing to 15% of the country's industrial output and 13.2% of its GDP in year 2005-06.
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Meenakshi Temple
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Norway
Norway (; Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk)), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe occupying the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, as well as Jan Mayen and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.8 million. It is one of the most sparsely populated countries in Europe. The majority of the country shares a border to the east with Sweden; its northernmost region is bordered by Finland to the south and Russia to the east; and Denmark lies south of its southern tip across the Skagerrak Strait. The capital city of Norway is Oslo. Norway's extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea, is home to its famous fjords.
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Orissa
Odisha (), or Orissa, is a state of India, located on the east coast of India, by the Bay of Bengal. It is the modern name of the ancient nation of Kalinga, which was invaded by the Maurya Emperor Ashoka in 261 BC. The modern state of Odisha was established on 1 April 1936 at Kanika Palace, Cuttack, as a province in India, and consists predominantly of Odia speakers. 1 April is therefore celebrated as Utkal Divas (Odisha Day).
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Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest of the Earth's oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic in the north to the Southern Ocean in the south, bounded by Asia and Australia in the west, and the Americas in the east.
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Pakistan
{{Infobox country
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Poland
Poland (), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous Slavic member.
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Portugal
Portugal (, ), officially the Portuguese Republic (; ), is a country located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Portugal is the westernmost country of Europe and is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south and by Spain to the north and east. The Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are also part of Portugal.
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Romania
Romania ( ; dated: Rumania; ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeastern Europe, north of the Balkan Peninsula, on the Lower Danube, within and outside the Carpathian arch, bordering on the Black Sea. Romania shares a border with Hungary and Serbia to the west, Ukraine and the Republic of Moldova to the northeast, and Bulgaria to the south.
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Russia
Russia (; ), also officially known as the Russian Federation (), is a state in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both via Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, the People's Republic of China, Mongolia, and North Korea. It also has maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the United States by the Bering Strait. At , Russia is the largest country in the world, covering more than a ninth of the Earth's land area. Russia is also the ninth most populous nation with 142 million people. It extends across the whole of northern Asia and 40% of Europe, spanning 9 time zones and incorporating a wide range of environments and landforms. Russia has the world's largest reserves of mineral and energy resources. It has the world's largest forest reserves and its lakes contain approximately one-quarter of the world's fresh water.
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Scotland
Scotland (Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the southwest. In addition to the mainland, Scotland includes over 790 islands including the Northern Isles and the Hebrides.
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Serbia
Serbia (pronounced: ), officially the Republic of Serbia (), is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central- and Southeastern Europe, covering the southern lowlands of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans. Serbia borders Hungary to the north; Romania and Bulgaria to the east; the Republic of Macedonia to the south; and Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro to the west; its border with Albania is disputed. Serbia's capital city, Belgrade, is among the most populous in Southeastern Europe.
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Sindh
Sindh (pronounced : , ) is one of the four provinces of Pakistan and historically is home to the Sindhi people. It is also locally known as the "Mehran" (مهران) and "Bab-ul-Islam" (باب الاسلام) ("The Door to Islam"), (This title has never become a public phrases in Pakistan especially in Sindh. Historically it was used by the Arab conquers of Sindh for their entrance in South Asia, which later on used in the official curriculum and history readings by the government schools, madersahs and by Muslim clerics in Pakistan. ) Different cultural and ethnic groups also reside in Sindh, including Urdu-speaking Muslim refugees who migrated to Pakistan from India upon independence, as well as immigrants from other provinces after independence. The neighbouring regions of Sindh are Balochistan to the west and north, Punjab to the north, Gujarat and Rajasthan to the southeast and east, and the Arabian Sea to the south. The main language spoken is Sindhi. The name is derived from the Indus River that courses through it, and was known to the Assyrians (as early as the seventh century BCE) as Sinda, to the Greeks as Sinthus, to the Romans as Sindus, to the Persians as Abisind, to the Arabs as Al-Sind, and to the Chinese as Sintow. To the Javanese the Sindhis have long been known as the Santri.
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Spain
Spain ( ; , ), officially the Kingdom of Spain (), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
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Sweden
Sweden (pronounced , ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and water borders with Denmark, Germany, and Poland to the south, and Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Russia to the east. Sweden is also connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.
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Syria
Syria ( ; ' or '), officially the Syrian Arab Republic (), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
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Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu (, ) is one of the 28 states of India. Its capital and largest city is Chennai (formerly known as Madras). Tamil Nadu lies in the southernmost part of the Indian Peninsula and is bordered by the States of Puducherry, Kerala, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh. It is bound by the Eastern Ghats in the north, the Nilgiri, the Anamalai Hills, and Palakkad on the west, by the Bay of Bengal in the east, the Gulf of Mannar, the Palk Strait in the south east, and by the Indian Ocean in the south.
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Turkey
Turkey (), known officially as the Republic of Turkey (), is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between Eastern Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
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Ukraine
Ukraine ( ; , transliterated: , ), with its area of 603,628 km2, is the second largest country in Eastern Europe. It is bordered by the Russian Federation to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary to the west, Romania and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast respectively.
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Venice
Venice ( , Venetian: Venesia) is a city in northern Italy known both for tourism and for industry, and is the capital of the region Veneto, with a population of about 272,000 (census estimate 1 January 2004). Together with Padua, the city is included in the Padua-Venice Metropolitan Area (population 1,600,000).
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West Bengal
West Bengal (Bengali: Poshchim Bônggo, ) is a state in eastern regions of India and is the nation's fourth most populous. It is also the seventh most populous sub-national entity in the world. West Bengal is the third largest contributor to India's GDP and has the second-largest voters in India. West Bengal, together with Bangladesh lying on its east, forms the historical and geographical region of Bengal. To its northeast lie the states of Assam and Sikkim and the country Bhutan, and to its southwest lies the state of Orissa. To the west it borders the states of Jharkhand and Bihar, and to the northwest, Nepal.
http://wn.com/West_Bengal
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- day
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New Year's Eve (2011)
"New Year's Eve (2011)" Actors
- Alyssa Milano
- Hector Elizondo
- Hilary Swank
- Ashton Kutcher
- Michelle Pfeiffer
- Robert De Niro
- Abigail Breslin
- Lea Michele
"New Year's Eve (2011)" Director
2004-2005 City Year New York Corps Members Filmography
RELEASE
ALBUMS
The New Year
(Released 2008)
- Folios
- The Company I Can Get
- X Off Days
- The Door Opens
- MMV
- Seven Days and Seven Nights
- Wages of Sleep
- Body and Soul
- My Neighbourhood
- The Idea of You
The End Is Near
(Released 2004)
- The End's Not Near
- Sinking Ship
- Chinese Handcuffs
- Plan B
- Disease
- Age of Conceit
- Start
- 18
- Stranger to Kindness
Newness Ends
(Released 2001)
- Half a Day
- Reconstruction
- Gasoline
- Great Expectations
- Simple Life
- One Plus One Minus One Equals One
- Alter Ego
- The Block That Doesn't Exist
- Carne Levare
- Newness Ends
RELEASE
ALBUMS
An Amazing Situation
(Released 2010)
- Stuttering
- Picture This
- An Amazing Situation
- California
- From Now Till Never
- Confessions of a Spider
- Chemical Run
- I Can't Believe It Rains Like This
- Two Weeks
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
Ian Axel - This Is the New Year
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:20
- Published: 09 Dec 2010
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: IanAxelVEVO
Music video by Ian Axel performing This Is the New Year with Chad Vaccarino. (C) 2010 Ian Axel/tinyOGRE, LLC
http://wn.com/Ian_Axel__This_Is_the_New_Year
Death Cab For Cutie - The New Year (Official Video)
© 2009 WMG Death Cab For Cutie, The New Year music video, from the album Transalanticism. Directed by Jay Martin
http://wn.com/Death_Cab_For_Cutie__The_New_Year_Official_Video
London Fireworks on New Year's Day 2011 - New Year Live - BBC One
More about this programme: www.bbc.co.uk London's spectacular midnight fireworks display, welcoming in 2011. Happy New Year!
http://wn.com/London_Fireworks_on_New_Year's_Day_2011__New_Year_Live__BBC_One
The Walkmen - In the New Year (music video)
Music video for "In the New Year" off of their amazing 2008 album titled "You & Me" The music video is set to the classic 1922 German expressionist film "Nosferatu". I do not on the rights to this video, the song, or the lawnmower I have failed to return to my neighbor.
http://wn.com/The_Walkmen__In_the_New_Year_music_video
The New Year ~ Death Cab for Cutie
The New Year ~ Death Cab for Cutie. Transatlanticism. I do not own this song, etc.
http://wn.com/The_New_Year_~_Death_Cab_for_Cutie
U2 New Years Day
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:10
- Published: 01 Jan 2007
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: tommymcgregor
I put together this video using all of the released vidoes of U2 doing New Years Day. Enjoy!
http://wn.com/U2_New_Years_Day
"The End's Not Near" by The New Year
From "The End Is Near" on Touch & Go Records.
http://wn.com/The_End's_Not_Near_by_The_New_Year
Happy new year
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:22
- Published: 30 Dec 2006
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: vinhquang2050
Happy new year from Vietnam and from France :D
http://wn.com/Happy_new_year
The New Year-Death Cab For Cutie
the new year-death cab for cutie.
http://wn.com/The_New_Year-Death_Cab_For_Cutie
Ohbijou - New Years
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:54
- Published: 13 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 03 Dec 2011
- Author: explodingmotorcar
Created By: Exploding Motor Car Producer: Geoff Mclean Production Company: Vision Film Co Animation Director: Brett Long Stop Motion Animator: Mike Weiss Production Designers: Winston Hacking, Jeff Garcia, Daijaro Hama Live Action DP: Barry Cheong Stop-Mo DP: Drew Fortier Editor: Marc De Pape Post FX: Jesse Ewles 1st AC: Julia Seidman Gaffer: Cliff Ramnauth Makeup: Kenji Sato Sets+Prop Builders: Martin Macpherson, Jay Graham Special Thanks to these GREAT people for their help: Ohbijou James Long Corey Chin-Yick Little Song Gianni Fusco Ian Carleton Tanya Philipovich Devon Anderson Geoff Fitzgerald The Hacking Family The Long Family Mark Stevenson Justin Lovell/Frame Discreet Christopher Mills More credits to come...
http://wn.com/Ohbijou__New_Years
Robbie Maddison's 2008 New Year's Eve jump
Robbie Maddison achieves the impossible, jumping his motorcycle to the top of the Arc de Triomphe at the Paris Las Vegas. Then he came down. Congratulations Robbie. redbullnewyearnolimits.com
http://wn.com/Robbie_Maddison's_2008_New_Year's_Eve_jump
![New Year's Eve - Official Trailer [HD]](http://web.archive.org./web/20120118045923im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/k1Y2uXjsKjs/0.jpg "New Year's Eve - Official Trailer [HD]")
New Year's Eve - Official Trailer [HD]
Subscribe ow.ly | Facebook ow.ly | Twitter ow.ly Release Date: 9 December 2011 Genre: Comedy | Romance Cast: Sarah Jessica Parker, Jessica Biel, Ashton Kutcher Directors: Garry Marshall Writer: Katherine Fugate Studio: Warner Bros. Plot: The lives of several couples and singles in New York intertwine over the course of New Year's Eve.
http://wn.com/New_Year's_Eve__Official_Trailer_ HD
FUNNY CATS SING NEW YEARS
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:11
- Published: 17 Feb 2009
- Uploaded: 05 Dec 2011
- Author: billschannel
The biggest stars on Youtube want to wish you a happy New year!
http://wn.com/FUNNY_CATS_SING_NEW_YEARS
London Fireworks on New Year's Day 2010 - New Year Live - BBC One
London's spectacular midnight fireworks display, welcoming in 2010. Happy New Year! www.bbc.co.uk
http://wn.com/London_Fireworks_on_New_Year's_Day_2010__New_Year_Live__BBC_One
"Disease" by The New Year
a video from the album The End Is Near on Touch and Go Records www.touchandgorecords.com
http://wn.com/Disease_by_The_New_Year
New Year's Eve trailer 2011 official
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:56
- Published: 28 Jul 2011
- Uploaded: 05 Dec 2011
- Author: nogoodflix
New Year's Eve trailer 2011 - official new years eve movie trailer "New Year's Eve" has an all-star cast, including Ashton Kutcher, Josh Duhamel, Lea Michele, Abigail Breslin, Sarah Jessica Parker, Hilary Swank, Robert De Niro, Michelle Pfeiffer, Jessica Biel, Sofia Vergara, Jake T. Austin and of course, everyone's favorite hottie, Zac Efron. This is the sequel to the popular romantic comedy, "Valentine's Day" which came out last year. The film is set on New Year's Eve and follows the lives of several people in New York City. The movie is set to release later this year, just in time for...well, you guessed it, New Year's Eve. New Year's Eve trailer 2011 - official new years eve movie trailer presented in HD 1080p. New Year's Eve trailer 2011 - official new years eve movie trailer Movie release on: December 9, 2011 Cast: Robert De Niro, Zac Efron, Michelle Pfeiffer, Ashton Kutcher, Hilary Swank, Abigail Breslin, Katherine Heigl, Jessica Biel, Sarah Jessica Parker, Lea Michele, Josh Duhamel, Sofía Vergara New Year's Eve trailer 2011 - official new years eve movie trailer, courtesy Warner Bros. NOGOOD FLIX is your daily dose of everything movies, including the best of movie clips, featurettes, ngtv, nogoodtv, Streaming Flix and officially licensed movie trailers. NOGOOD FLIX brings to you the movie trailers, clips and celebrity programming from our passionate team of NO GOOD producers and affiliates. Carrie Keagan continues to guide you on our exclusive celebrity packed fun <b>...</b>
http://wn.com/New_Year's_Eve_trailer_2011_official
2011 Happy New Year
HAPPY NEW YEAR! Thanks for the future India Thanks for the global future too!! Please rate this funny animation, thank you. Wish you happy new year -kidsone
http://wn.com/2011_Happy_New_Year
New Years Magic
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:58
- Published: 28 Dec 2010
- Uploaded: 05 Dec 2011
- Author: MichellePhan
Do you guys like the new HD video?! YOU CAN SEE MY VEINS!!!!! I wanted to make this New Years look more magical. The previous New Years look was festive, but 2011 is Year of the Bunny (my year :D ) So I wanted to include my favorite colors! I hope you enjoy this look! Majority of the products I used for the eyes were from the drugstore. ♥ Follow me on twitter! ♥ www.twitter.com ♥ If you have a Facebook, please add me! ♥ www.facebook.com Music by Kaskade Start Again feat Becky Jean Williams itunes.apple.com Late Night Alumni "Empty Streets" itunes.apple.com Products in Order Maybelline New York Eyestudio in Pedal to the Metal L'oreal Cobalt Smokes 236 Quad Maybelline New York Eyestudio Purple Possibilities HIP Duo Eyeshadow in Adventurous White Cosmetic Glitter Lancome Le Crayon Khôl in Noir L'oreal Telescopic Lash Explosion Mascara Lashes from Drugstore Makeup Remover Lancome Bi-Facil L'oreal Studio Secrets Face Primer Foundation - Lancome Teint Miracle Stippling Foundation Brush - iQQU Face Powder - La Mer Eyebrows - Eyebrow pencil I bought in Asia Make Up Forever Brown Eyeshadow YSL Rouge Volupte 30 This video is not sponsored
http://wn.com/New_Years_Magic
HAPPY NEW YEAR 2012
HAPPY NEW YEAR! Thanks for the future India Thanks for the global future too!! Please rate this funny animation, thank you. Wish you happy new year -kidsone
http://wn.com/HAPPY_NEW_YEAR_2012
(ABBA) Happy New Year - Sungha Jung
Sungha www.sunghajung.com arranged and played 'Happy New Year' by ABBA. "Happy New Year" is a popular song by Swedish pop group ABBA from their 1980 album Super Trouper. The song's working title was all the more festive and humorous; "Daddy Don't Get Drunk on Christmas Day". Although recorded in 1980, the song wasn't released as a single until in 1999 and charted in Sweden (#27), The Netherlands (#15), and Germany (#78), to promote the CD re-release of many of ABBA's singles. "Felicidad" was the Spanish language version of the song. The single charted in the top 5 in Argentina. The song was also included on the South American versions of the Super Trouper album. Released in 1980 in Argentina, the single's B-side was the album's title track, "Super Trouper". "Felicidad" was first released on CD as part of the 1994 Polydor US compilation Más ABBA Oro, and in 1999 on the expanded re-release of ABBA Oro Grandes Éxitos. In 2008, it was released again in several countries, and charted in Denmark (#25), Norway (#11), and Sweden (#4). It re-entered the Sweden and Norway charts in 2009 at #5 in both charts
http://wn.com/ABBA_Happy_New_Year__Sungha_Jung
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photo: WN / Rizza Dilag
16 Jan 2012
Some bills are fixed -- the monthly rent or mortgage payments, for instance. Others fluctuate with the season -- think the electric bill in winter and the water bill in summer. For everything else you...
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size: 6.9Kb
photo: EC / EC
13 Jan 2012
“Plan to see ongoing high volatility and deteriorating credit ratings for countries in the Eurozone for 2012, which will keep influencing the American economy,” says professor Werner...
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size: 4.9Kb
photo: WN / Marzena Jazowska
12 Jan 2012
This year, make a family resolution to ‘Be Safe!’ when it comes to traffic safety. Learning, teaching and exercising proper traffic safety skills is everyone’s responsibility, and...
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size: 5.6Kb
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Bourses in greater China will start to close for the long new year holiday today. The Taiwan Stock Exchange...
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BY JOCELYN MONTEMAYOR-REYES--> Sun promo to all prepaid subscribers --> SAN FRANCISCO. — The Year of the Dragon is approaching, ruled by the fabulous beast that is the most powerful sign in the Chinese zodiac. And the San Francisco Bay area, with its rich tradition of Chinese culture, has a host of...
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18 Jan 2012
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New year celebration: A man cleans statues in preparation for the upcoming Chinese New Year celebration at a temple in Denpasar on Tuesday. The Chinese New Year will be celebrated next Monday, the first day in the Year of the Water Dragon. JP/Agung ParameswaraThe tourist industry in Bali is...
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size: 3.3Kb
Chinese See New Year as Golden
18 Jan 2012
Wall Street Journal
By RHIANNON HOYLE And YUE LI SHANGHAI—The year of the dragon is breathing new life into gold prices. The Chinese have been loading up like never before on gold ahead of the Lunar New Year, which falls on Jan. 23 this year. It is a time of gift-giving that takes place during family dinners,...
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Chinese New Year decorations in Shanghai
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Korea will be gripped by another cold spell throughout the Lunar New Year holiday from Sunday to Tuesday, according...
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“Lan Su Chinese Garden Honors Chinese New Year”
18 Jan 2012
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By Daphne Rozen Wray In celebration of the Chinese New Year, the Lan Su Chinese Garden will sponsor a two-week long series of events from January 23 through February 6th. According to the Chinese zodiac, this 2012 is the year of the dragon. All programs are appropriate...
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size: 5.3Kb
FREE FOOD and more at Chinese New Year Festival
18 Jan 2012
The New Year is the day that marks the beginning of a new calendar year, and is the day on which the year count of the specific calendar used is incremented. For many cultures, the event is celebrated in some manner.
1 January: The first official day of the year in the Gregorian calendar used by most countries. Eight of the twelve biggest Eastern Orthodox Churches which have adopted the Revised Julian calendar - Bulgaria, Cyprus, Egypt, Greece, Romania, Syria and Turkey - also celebrate 1 January as the New Year.
14 January: The Tamil Nadu Tamil New Year (Declaration Bill 2008) was introduced in the House by the Tamil Nadu DMK Government on 29 January 2008. According to the statement of objects and reasons of the Tamil Nadu Tamil New Year (Declaration) Act 2008, the Governor in his address to the House had announced that in view of the consensus amongst some Tamil scholars that the first day of the month of Thai is the first day of the Tamil year, the Government had decided to declare the first day of Thai as the Tamil Nadu Tamil New Year Day. This legislative enactment of the DMK government was not without controversy. It abolished the Tamil calendar for purportedly secular reasons and reaffirmed the use of the Tiruvalluvar era created in the 20th century as the official calendar. The order abolishes the use of traditional Tamil Years in the 60 year cycle. It proposes that 14 January of every year be celebrated as Tamil New Year in addition to the famous harvest/farmer festival Pongal. But the said resolution has been met with resistance. and has been challenged in court. The opposition AIADMK and MDMK in Tamil Nadu condemned the decision of the DMK Government in that state and urged their supporters to continue celebrating the traditional date in mid-April. Tamils in Sri Lanka and in other diaspora communities worldwide continue to observe the new year in mid-April. as they are outside of the jurisdiction of the Tamil Nadu State of India.
In the Eastern Orthodox Church, the civil New Year falls on Gregorian 14 January (1 January in the Julian calendar). Many in the countries where Eastern Orthodoxy predominates celebrate both the Gregorian and Julian New Year holidays, with the Gregorian day celebrated as a civic holiday, and the Julian date as the "Old New Year", a religious holiday. The orthodox churches of Georgia, Jerusalem, Russia, the Republic of Macedonia, Serbia and Ukraine still use the Julian Calendar.
The Chinese New Year, also known as the Lunar New Year, occurs every year on the new moon of the first lunar month, about four to eight weeks before spring (Lichun). The exact date can fall anytime between 21 January and 21 February (inclusive) of the Gregorian Calendar. Traditionally, years were marked by one of twelve Earthly Branches, represented by an animal, and one of ten Heavenly Stems, which correspond to the five elements. This combination cycles every 60 years. It is the most important Chinese celebration of the year.
The Vietnamese New Year is the Tết Nguyên Đán which is for most times the same day as the Chinese New Year.
The Tibetan New Year is Losar and falls from January through March.
Nava (new) Varsha (year) is celebrated in India in various regions in March–April.
New Year's Day in the Sikh Nanakshahi calendar is on 14 March.
The Iranian New Year, called Nowruz, is the day containing the exact moment of the vernal equinox, which usually occurs on 20 or 21 March, commencing the start of the spring season. The Zoroastrian New Year coincides with the Iranian New Year of Nowruz, and is celebrated by the Parsis in India and by Zoroastrians and Persians across the world. In the Bahá'í calendar, the new year occurs on the vernal equinox on 21 March, and is called Naw-Rúz. The Iranian tradition was also passed on to Central Asian countries, including Kazakhs, Uzbeks and Uighurs, and there is known as Nauryz. It is usually celebrated on 22 March.
The Balinese New Year, based on the Saka Calendar (Balinese-Javanese Calendar), is called Nyepi, and it falls on Bali's Lunar New Year (26 March in 2009). It is a day of silence, fasting, and meditation: observed from 6 a.m. until 6 a.m. the next morning, Nyepi is a day reserved for self-reflection and as such, anything that might interfere with that purpose is restricted. Although Nyepi is a primarily Hindu holiday, non-Hindu residents of Bali observe the day of silence as well, out of respect for their fellow citizens. Even tourists are not exempt; although free to do as they wish inside their hotels, no one is allowed onto the beaches or streets, and the only airport in Bali remains closed for the entire day. The only exceptions granted are for emergency vehicles carrying those with life-threatening conditions and women about to give birth.
The Telugu New Year generally falls in the months of March or April. The people of Andhra Pradesh, India celebrate the advent of New Year's Day in these months. This day is celebrated across entire Andhra Pradesh as UGADI (meaning the start of a new Year). The first month is Chaitra Masam. Masam means month.
Kashmiri Calendar, Navreh (New Year): 5083 Saptarshi/2064 Vikrami/2007–08 AD, 19 March. This holy day of Kashmiri Brahmins has been celebrated for several millennia.
Gudi Padwa is celebrated as the first day of the Hindu year by the people of Maharashtra, India. This day falls in March or April and coincides with Ugadi. (see: Deccan)
Ugadi, the Kannada New Year is celebrated by the people of Karnataka, India as the beginning of a new year according to the Hindu Calendar. The first month of the New Year is Chaitra.
Sindhi festival of Cheti Chand is celebrated on the same day as Ugadi/Gudi Padwa to mark the celebration of the Sindhi New Year.
The Thelemic New Year on 20 March is usually celebrated with an invocation to Ra-Hoor-Khuit, commemorating the beginning of the New Aeon in 1904. It also marks the start of the twenty-two day Thelemic holy season, which ends at the third day of the writing of The Book of the Law. This date is also known as The Feast of the Supreme Ritual. There are some that believe the Thelemic New Year falls on either 19, 20 or 21 March, depending on the vernal equinox, this is The Feast for the Equinox of the Gods which is held on the vernal equinox of each year to commemorate the founding of Thelema in 1904. In 1904 the vernal equinox was on a 21st and it was the day after Aleister Crowley ended his Horus Invocation that brought on the new Æon and Thelemic New Year.
The Assyrian New Year, called Rish Nissanu, occurs on the first day of April.
Punjabi/Sikh New Year is celebrated on the 14th of April in Punjab.
Nepali New Year is celebrated on the 1st of Baisakh Baisākh (12–15 April) in Nepal. (Not to be confused with Nepal Era New year)
Assamese New Year (Rongali Bihu or Bohag Bihu) is celebrated on 14–15 April in the Indian state of Assam.
Bengali New Year ( Pôhela Boishakh or Bangla Nôbobôrsho) is celebrated on the 1st of Boishakh (14–15 April) in Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal.
Oriya New Year (Vishuva Sankranti) is celebrated on 14 April in the Indian state of Orissa.
[(Manipuri people)] New Year or CHeirouba is celebrated on 14 April in the Indian State of Manipur with much festivities and feasting.
Sinhalese New Year is celebrated with the harvest festival (in the month of Bak) when the sun moves from the Meena Rashiya (House of Pisces) to the Mesha Rashiya (House of Aries). Sri Lankans begin celebrating their National New Year "Aluth Avurudhu" in Sinhala and "Puththandu (புத்தாண்டு)" in Tamil. However, unlike the usual practice where the new year begins at midnight, the National New Year begins at the time determined by the astrologers. Not only the beginning of the new year but the conclusion of the old year is also specified by the astrologers. And unlike the customary ending and beginning of new year, there is a period of a few hours in between the conclusion of the Old Year and the commencement of the New Year, which is called the "nona gathe" (neutral period). During this time one is expected to keep off from all types of work and engage solely in religious activities. It will fall on 13 April for the year 2009.
Tamil New Year (Puthandu) is celebrated in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu, on the first of Chithrai (சித்திரை). In the temple city of Madurai, the Chithrai Thiruvizha is celebrated in the Meenakshi Temple. A huge exhibition is also held, called Chithrai Porutkaatchi. In some parts of Southern Tamil Nadu, it is also called Chithrai Vishu. The day is marked with a feast in Hindu homes and the entrance to the houses are decorated elaborately with kolams. While the holiday generally falls on 13 or 14 April, this may no longer be the case (officially at least) in Tamil Nadu in the future, as a bill declaring the first day of the Tamil month 'Thai' (January 14) as the new Tamil New Year day was unanimously passed in the Tamil Nadu State Assembly.
Malayali New Year (Vishu) is celebrated in the South Indian state of Kerala.
In some parts of Karnataka, the new year may be celebrated in mid-April, although it is most commonly celebrated on the day of Gudi Padwa, the Maharashtrian new year.
The Water Festival is the form of similar new year celebrations taking place in many Southeast Asian countries, on the day of the full moon of the 11th month on the lunisolar calendar each year. The date of the festival was originally set by astrological calculation, but it is now fixed on 13–15 April. Traditionally people gently sprinkled water on one another as a sign of respect, but as the new year falls during the hottest month in Southeast Asia, many people end up dousing strangers and passersby in vehicles in boisterous celebration. The festival has many different names specific to each country:
In Myanmar it is known as Thingyan ()
Songkran () in Thailand
* Pi Mai Lao (Lao:ປີໃໝ່ Songkan) in Laos
Chaul Chnam Thmey ( ) in Cambodia.
* It is also the traditional new year of the Dai peoples of Yunnan Province, China. Religious activities in the tradition of Theravada Buddhism are also carried out, a tradition which all of these cultures share.
In the Coptic Orthodox Church, the New Year, called Neyrouz, coincides with 11 September in the Gregorian calendar between 1900 and 2099, with the exception of the year before Gregorian leap years, when Neyrouz occurs on 12 September. The Coptic year 1723 began in September 2005. The Ethiopian Orthodox New Year, called Enkutatash, falls on the same date as Neyrouz; the Ethiopian calendar year 1999 thus began on 11 September 2006.
The Marwari New Year is celebrated on the day of the festival of Diwali, which is the last day Krishna Paksha of Ashvin month & also last day of the Ashvin month of Hindu calendar.
The Gujarati New Year is celebrated the day after the festival of Diwali (which occurs in mid-fall - either October or November, depending on the Lunar calendar). The Gujarati New Year is synonymous with sud ekam i.e. first day of Shukla paksha of the Kartik month -, which is taken as the first day of the first month of Gujarati lunar calendar. Most other Hindus celebrate the New Year in early spring. Gujarati community all over the world celebrates the New Year after Diwali to mark the beginning of a new fiscal year.
The Nepal Era New year (see Nepal Sambat) is celebrated in regions encompassing original Nepal. The new year occurs in the fourth day of Diwali. The calendar was used as an official calendar until the mid 19th century. However, the new year is still celebrated by citizens of original Nepal, the Newars.
Some neo-pagans celebrate Samhain (a festival of the ancient Celts, held around 1 November) as a New Year's Day representing the new cycle of the Wheel of the Year, although they do not use a different calendar that starts on this day.
The now deceased Murador Aboriginal tribe of Western Australia celebrates New Years on what is known on present day calendars to be the 30th of October. A time of reconciliation and celebration of friendship, the Murador tribe were said to have placed great importance on the past as well as the year that was coming
The Islamic New Year occurs on 1 Muharram. Since the Muslim calendar is based on 12 lunar months amounting to about 354 days, the Muslim New Year occurs about eleven days earlier each year in relation to the Gregorian calendar, with two Muslim New Years falling in Gregorian year 2008.
In Christmas Style dating the new year started on 25 December. This was used in Germany and England until the thirteenth century, and in Spain from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century.
In Annunciation Style dating the new year started on 25 March, the feast of the Annunciation. This was used in many parts of Europe in the Middle Ages. Annunciation Style continued to be used officially in the Kingdom of Great Britain until 1 January 1752, except Scotland which changed to Circumcision Style dating on 1 January 1600, the Act being passed on 17 December 1599. The rest of Great Britain changed to Circumcision Style on the 1 January preceding the conversion in Great Britain from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar on 3/14 September 1752. The UK tax year still starts on 6 April which is 25 March + 12 days, eleven for the conversion from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar plus a dropped leap day in 1900.
In Easter Style dating, the new year started on Easter Saturday (or sometimes on Good Friday). This was used all over Europe, but especially in France, from the eleventh to the sixteenth century. A disadvantage of this system was that because Easter was a movable feast the same date could occur twice in a year; the two occurrences were distinguished as "before Easter" and "after Easter".
In Circumcision Style dating, the new year started on 1 January, the Feast of the Circumcision of Christ.
Baby New Year
Chinese New Year
Diwali
Hogmanay
Islamic New Year
Japanese New Year
Khmer New Year
Korean New Year
Twelve Grapes
Matariki
New Year's Eve
Nowruz
Old Style and New Style dates
Rosh Hashanah
Sinhalese New Year
Telugu New Year
Tamil New Year
Thai New Year
Vietnamese New Year
The New Year of the Gregorian calendar, today in worldwide use, falls on 1 January, continuing the practice of the Roman calendar. There are numerous calendars that remain in regional use that calculate the New Year differently.
The order of months in the Roman calendar has been January to December since King Numa Pompilius in about 700 BC, according to Plutarch and Macrobius. According to the Christian tradition, 1 January is the day of the circumcision of Jesus (on the eighth day of his birth), when the name of Jesus was given to him (Luke 2:21). Since then, 1 January has been the first day of the year, except during the Middle Ages when several other days were the first (1 March, 25 March, Easter, 1 September, 25 December).
With the expansion of Western culture to the rest of the world during the twentieth century, the 1 January date became global, even in countries with their own New Year celebrations on other days (such as China and Pakistan).
In the culture of Latin America there are a variety of traditions and superstitions surrounding these dates as omens for the coming year. January remains a symbol of the New Year's celebration.
Other new year celebrations
Many cities and countries across the world celebrate the New Year. The celebrations usually include a fireworks display and other festivities, as well as other traditions varying by culture and country.The most common modern dates of celebration are listed below, ordered and grouped by their appearance relative to the conventional Western calendar.
The Gregorian calendar is now used by many countries as the official calendar. This has meant that celebrations for the New Year have become much larger than before. Some countries (e.g. the Czech Republic) even consider 1 January to be a national holiday.
January
March
Babylonian New Year began with the first New Moon after the Vernal Equinox. Ancient celebrations lasted for eleven days.
April
Mid-April (Northern Spring)
The new year of many South and Southeast Asian calendars falls between 13 and 15 April, marking the beginning of spring.
June
The Kutchi people celebrate Kutchi New Year on Ashadi Beej, that is 2nd day of Shukla paksha of Aashaadha month of Hindu calendar. As for people of Kutch, this day is associated with beginning of rains in Kutch, which is largely a desert area. Hindu calendar month of Aashaadh usually begins on 22 June and ending on 22 July.
Northern fall
Rosh Hashanah (Hebrew for 'head of the year') is a Jewish holiday commemorating the culmination of the seven days of Creation, and marking God's yearly renewal of His world. The day has elements of festivity and introspection, as God is traditionally believed to be assessing His creation and determining the fate of all men and creatures for the coming year. In Jewish tradition, honey is used to symbolize a sweet new year. At the traditional meal for that holiday, apple slices are dipped in honey and eaten with blessings recited for a good, sweet new year. Some Rosh Hashanah greetings show honey and an apple, symbolizing the feast. In some congregations, small straws of honey are given out to usher in the new year.
Variable
Christian liturgical year
Since the 17th century, the Roman Catholic ecclesiastic year has started on the first day of Advent, the Sunday nearest to St. Andrew's Day (30 November). According to the Latin Rite of the Catholic Church, the liturgical year begins at 4:00 p.m. on the Saturday preceding the fourth Sunday prior to 25 December. The same liturgical calendar is followed by churches descended from it, including the Anglican and Lutheran Churches.
The Eastern Orthodox Church liturgical calendar begins on 1 September — proceeding annually from the celebration of Jesus' birth in the winter (Christmas), through his death and resurrection in the spring (Pascha / Easter), to his Ascension and the Assumption of his mother (Dormition of the Theotokos / Virgin Mary) in the summer.
Historical Christian new year dates
The year used in dates during the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire was the consular year, which began on the day when consuls first entered office — probably 1 May before 222 BC, 15 March from 222 BC to 154 BC, but this event was moved to 1 January in 153 BC. In 45 BC, Julius Caesar introduced the Julian calendar, continuing to use 1 January as the first day of the new year.In the Middle Ages in Europe a number of significant feast days in the ecclesiastical calendar of the Roman Catholic Church came to be used as the beginning of the Julian year:
Adoption of 1 January
It took quite a long time before 1 January again became the universal or standard start of the civil year. The years of adoption of 1 January as the new year are as follows:
| Country | Start year | |
| Venice | 1522 | |
| Sweden | 1529 | |
| Holy Roman Empire (~Germany) | 1544 | |
| Spain, Portugal, Poland | 1556 | |
| Prussia, Denmark and Norway | 1559 | |
| France (Edict of Roussillon) | 1564 | |
| Southern Netherlands | 1576 | |
| Lorraine (province) | Lorraine | 1579 |
| Dutch Republic | 1583 | |
| Scotland | 1600 | |
| Russia | 1700 | |
| Tuscany | 1721 | |
| Kingdom of Great Britain | Britain, Ireland and British Empire except Scotland | 1752 |
| Thai solar calendar | Thailand | 1941 |
1 March was the first day of the numbered year in the Republic of Venice until its destruction in 1797, and in Russia from 988 until 1492 (AM 7000). 1 September was used in Russia from 1492 until the adoption of the Christian era in 1700 via a December 1699 decree of Tsar Peter I (previously, Russia had counted years since the creation of the world—Anno Mundi).
Autumnal equinox day (usually 22 September) was "New Year's Day" in the French Republican Calendar, which was in use from 1793 to 1805. This was primidi Vendémiaire, the first day of the first month.
Time zones
Because of the division of the globe into time zones, the new year moves progressively around the globe as the start of the day ushers in the New Year. The first time zone to usher in the New Year is just west of the International Date Line. At that time the time zone to the east of the Date Line is 23 hours behind, still in the previous day. The central Pacific Ocean island nation of Kiribati claims that its easternmost landmass, uninhabited Caroline Island, is the first to usher in the New Year.
See also
References
Category:Calendars Category:New Year celebrations
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| name | Ian Axel |
|---|---|
| birth date | March 20, 1985 |
| occupation | Musician }} |
Ian's album, named after the title single, was released digitally on February 15, 2011 and on CD on April 12, 2011. He made his national television debut on the Rachael Ray show and NPR said in their Song of the Day feature that he had “a voice that possesses the sweetness of youth, the stubbornness of a teenager and the swagger of a rock star.”.
In April 2011, the song "Gone" was featured prominently in Episode 19 of Season 8 of "One Tree Hill", titled "Where Not to Look for Freedom.". As part of Tom's Shoes "One Day Without Shoes" campaign to raise awareness for children's poverty, Ian Axel performed two songs live on the popular website La Blogotheque.
References
Category:Articles created via the Article Wizard Category:1985 births Category:American male singers Category:American rock singers Category:American singer-songwriters Category:People from Fair Lawn, New Jersey Category:Living people
This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| Name | Robert William Maddison |
|---|---|
| Birth date | July 14, 1981 |
| Other names | Robbie Maddison, Maddo |
| Known for | World record length motorcycle jump |
| Occupation | Motorbike rider |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Website | http://www.robbiemaddison.com }} |
Growing up in Kiama Downs he developed his passion for riding by competing in national motocross events.
He finished school at Kiama High and took up an electrician apprenticeship, after getting viral meningitis and viral encephalitis, which left him paralyzed and blind in one eye. After recovering for numerous years with this virus he returned to the bike riding to further following his passion.
In May 2005, the Crusty Demons gave Robbie the opportunity to break two world records on his motorbike. 125cc distance Guinness world record- 221feet 250cc distance world record with a trick- superman seat grab.
After this he went on to win numerous international FMX events around the world and get recognized as one of the best FMX riders in the world.
On 31 December 2007, (on the 40th anniversary of Evel Knievel jumping the fountains at Caesars Palace), Live on ESPN, Maddison broke the world motorcycle jumping record, traveling 98.34m on a motorbike. He repeated the event immediately afterward, successfully landing the jump, as his fiancee Amy looked on. His second attempt, however, did not go as far as the first jump; he was not injured in either jump.
On 29 March 2008, he broke his own world record twice during the Crusty Demons Night Of World Records show in Melbourne, Australia. During his first jump he traveled and landed on the safety zone nearly hitting the front of the landing ramp. On his second attempt he broke the world record by traveling this time he landed hard on his back tire and was not satisfied by the jump, so he decided to jump once more. On his third jump he again broke the world record, this time with 106.98m (350.98 feet) into a perfect landing.
On 1 January 2009, Live on ESPN in front of the world, Maddison successfully jumped up onto the Arc de Triomphe in front of Paris Las Vegas and then descended a drop off the monument to return safely to ground level. Robbie said after the jump that he may have broken his hand and had a gash to the bone in the webbing of his left hand.
On 30 May 2009, Maddison proved himself more than just a stuntman by defeating some of the world's best freestyle riders at the Calgary, AB Canada stop of the Red Bull X-Fighters competition. His victory in the Head-to-Head competition meant he had to progress through three rounds, defeating multiple X Games medallist Nate Adams (USA) in the first, defending series champion Mat Rebeaud (SUI) in the semi-final round and then 30 year old series veteran Eigo Sato (JPN) in the final.
On 13 July 2009, Maddison jumped Tower Bridge with a backflip, whilst the drawbridge was open by 25 feet.
The following weekend Maddison went onto the Red Bull xfighters championship in Madrid, winning the best trick contest with a brand new trick. Under flip one hander to side saddle lander.
In March 2010, Robbie Maddison become the first person to jump the start gantry at the Formula One in melbourne, Australia.
On 7 April 2010, the daredevil performed an amazing moto-x jump over the Corinth Canal in Greece. That made him the first fmx rider who accomplished to cross over the canal on his motorbike. He took off with a speed of 120 km/h and jumped over more than 80m. About the heroic deed Maddison said: "Jumping across the Corinth Canal became a challenge I just could not resist. This Jump involved the highest consequences I have faced so far. I believe that sometimes you have to take risks in life to become wiser and facing a challenge like this will help get me ready for the next aim I will face in the future. I am thrilled about managing to pull it off, as you know there is only one opportunity to get it right!"
Sponsors
Swatch, Dragon Alliance, Dunlop Sport, Red Bull, DC Shoe CO Thor, KMC, Yamaha, Parts Unlimited, Crusty.com, Stomp grip, Cernics, FMF Racing, VP racing fuels, Amerigas, Acerbis, Works Connection, Hammerhead, Pro Taper,
References
External links
Category:1981 births Category:Living people Category:Australian stunt performers Category:People from New South Wales Category:Freestyle Motocross riders
pl:Robbie Maddison fi:Robbie MaddisonThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
| name | Seongha Jeong |
|---|---|
| birth name | 정성하 |
| birth date | September 02, 1996 |
| birth place | Seoul, Korea |
| nationality | South Korean |
| other names | colloquially: Sungha Jung, jwcfree, jungsungha, blueseaJSH |
| years active | September 8, 2006–present |
| known for | Guitar music |
| website | Official website }} |
| Title | Korean name |
|---|---|
| Hangul | 정성하 |
| Hanja | |
| Rr | Seongha Jeong |
| Mr | Sŏngha Jŏng}} |
Seongha typically takes three days to learn and practice a new piece, and video-record it for upload onto YouTube. His genre selection is rather broad, as he learns and plays many pieces that are playable on guitar, therefore consequently spread across numerous genres.
Seongha has won 13 awards on YouTube, including 6 "#1" awards. Also on YouTube, Seongha has 38 videos with over one million views. Seongha's video with the most views is the shows him playing the theme from "Pirates Of The Caribbean", at 21,428,457 views as of 22 August 2011.
Seongha has composed 18 pieces as of February 2011, two of which are featured in his debut album, "Perfect Blue".
In 2011, he performed in the US with Trace Bundy, as well as touring in Scandinavia and Japan.
YouTube awards
(Ordered highest to lowest)
See also
References
Category:South Korean guitarists Category:Fingerstyle guitarists Category:People from Seoul Category:Video bloggers Category:South Korean Internet personalities Category:1996 births Category:Living people
de:Sungha Jung ko:정성하 it:Sungha Jung pl:Sungha Jung pt:Sungha jung ro:Sungha Jung ru:Чон Сонха sv:Sungha Jung vi:Seongha JeongThis text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.
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