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Arthur Rimbaud
Jean Nicolas Arthur Rimbaud ( or , ; 20 October 1854 – 10 November 1891) was a French poet. Born in Charleville, Ardennes, he produced his best known works while still in his late teens—Victor Hugo described him at the time as "an infant Shakespeare"—and gave up creative writing altogether before the age of 21. As part of the decadent movement, Rimbaud influenced modern literature, music and art. He was known to have been a libertine and a restless soul, traveling extensively on three continents before his death from cancer less than a month after his 37th birthday.
http://wn.com/Arthur_Rimbaud -
Bede
Bede (pronounced "Bead" / ; ; 672 / 673 – 26 May 735), also referred to as Saint Bede or the Venerable Bede (), was a monk at the Northumbrian monastery of Saint Peter at Monkwearmouth, today part of Sunderland, England, and of its companion monastery, Saint Paul's, in modern Jarrow (see Wearmouth-Jarrow), both in the Kingdom of Northumbria.
http://wn.com/Bede -
Buddhism
Buddhism (Pali/Sanskrit: बौद्ध धर्म Buddha Dharma) is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha (Pāli/Sanskrit "the awakened one"). The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE. He is recognized by adherents as an awakened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end suffering (or dukkha), achieve nirvana, and escape what is seen as a cycle of suffering and rebirth.
http://wn.com/Buddhism -
C.S. Lewis
http://wn.com/CS_Lewis -
China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
http://wn.com/China -
Dante Alighieri
Dante Alighieri (May/June c.1265September 14, 1321), commonly known as Dante, was an Italian poet of the Middle Ages. He was born in Florence; he died and is buried in Ravenna.
http://wn.com/Dante_Alighieri -
Emanuel Swedenborg
(born Emanuel Swedberg; January 29, 1688 – March 29, 1772) was a Swedish scientist, philosopher, Christian mystic and theologian. Swedenborg had a prolific career as an inventor and scientist. In 1741 at the age of fifty-three he entered into a spiritual phase [http://www.swedenborg.com/page.asp?page_name=aboutswedenborgexpanded] in which he eventually began to experience dreams and visions beginning on Easter weekend April 6, 1744. This culminated in a spiritual awakening, where he claimed he was appointed by the Lord to write a heavenly doctrine to reform Christianity. He claimed that the Lord had opened his eyes, so that from then on he could freely visit heaven and hell, and talk with angels, demons and other spirits. For the remaining 28 years of his life, he wrote and published 18 theological works, of which the best known was Heaven and Hell (1758), and several unpublished theological works.
http://wn.com/Emanuel_Swedenborg -
Fredric Brown
Fredric Brown (October 29, 1906 – March 11, 1972) was an American science fiction and mystery writer. He was born at Cincinnati.
http://wn.com/Fredric_Brown -
Germanic languages
The Germanic languages are a group of related languages that constitute a branch of the Indo-European (IE) language family. The common ancestor of all the languages in this branch is Proto-Germanic (also known as Common Germanic), spoken in approximately the mid-1st millennium BC in Iron Age northern Europe. Proto-Germanic, along with all of its descendants, is characterized by a number of unique linguistic features, most famously the consonant change known as Grimm's law. Early varieties of Germanic enter history with the Germanic peoples moving south from northern Europe in the second century BC, to settle in northern central Europe.
http://wn.com/Germanic_languages -
Gustave Doré
Paul Gustave Doré (; January 6, 1832 –; January 23, 1883) was a French artist, engraver, illustrator and sculptor. Doré worked primarily with wood engraving and steel engraving.
http://wn.com/Gustave_Doré -
Herrad of Landsberg
Herrad of Landsberg (c. 1130 – July 25, 1195) was a 12th century Alsatian nun and abbess of Hohenburg Abbey in the Vosges mountains. She is known as the author of the pictorial encyclopedia Hortus deliciarum (The Garden of Delights).
http://wn.com/Herrad_of_Landsberg -
Hittites
The "Hittites" were an ancient Anatolian people who spoke a language of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family and established a kingdom centered at Hattusa (Hittite ) in north-central Anatolia (on the Central Anatolian plateau) ca. the 18th century BC. The Hittite empire reached its height ca. the 14th century BC, encompassing a large part of Anatolia, north-western Syria about as far south as the mouth of the Litani River (a territory known as Amqu), and eastward into upper Mesopotamia. After ca. 1180 BC, the empire disintegrated into several independent "Neo-Hittite" city-states, some surviving until as late as the 8th century BC.
http://wn.com/Hittites -
Jean-Paul Sartre
Jean-Paul Charles Aymard Sartre (, ; 21 June 1905 – 15 April 1980) was a French existentialist philosopher, playwright, novelist, screenwriter, political activist, biographer, and literary critic. He was one of the leading figures in 20th century French philosophy, existentialism, and Marxism, and his work continues to influence fields such as Marxist philosophy, sociology, and literary studies. Sartre was also noted for his long relationship with the author and social theorist, Simone de Beauvoir. He was awarded the 1964 Nobel Prize in Literature but refused the honour.
http://wn.com/Jean-Paul_Sartre -
Jimmy Hatlo
Jimmy Hatlo (1897-1963) was an American cartoonist who created in 1929 the long-running comic strip and gag panel ''They'll Do It Every Time'', which he wrote and drew until his death in 1963. Hatlo's other strip, Little Iodine, was adapted into a feature-length movie in 1946.
http://wn.com/Jimmy_Hatlo -
John Bunyan
John Bunyan (28 November 1628 – 31 August 1688) was an English Christian writer and preacher, famous for writing ''Pilgrim's Progress''. Though he was a Reformed Baptist, in the Church of England he is remembered with a Lesser Festival on 30 August, and on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) on August 29.
http://wn.com/John_Bunyan -
John Ciardi
John Anthony Ciardi (CHAR-dee) (June 24, 1916 - March 30, 1986) was an American poet, translator, and etymologist. While primarily known as a poet, he also translated Dante's Divine Comedy, wrote several volumes of children's poetry, pursued etymology, contributed to the Saturday Review as a columnist and long-time poetry editor, and directed the Bread Loaf Writers' Conference in Vermont. In 1959, Ciardi published a book on how to read, write, and teach poetry, How Does a Poem Mean?, which has proven to be among the most-used books of its kind. At the peak of his popularity in the early 1960s, Ciardi also had a network television program on CBS, Accent. Ciardi's impact on poetry is perhaps best measured through the younger poets whom he influenced as a teacher and as editor of The Saturday Review.
http://wn.com/John_Ciardi -
John Milton
John Milton (9 December 1608 – 8 November 1674) was an English poet, polemicist, and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost.
http://wn.com/John_Milton -
Lois McMaster Bujold
Lois McMaster Bujold (born November 2, 1949, Columbus, Ohio) is an American author of science fiction and fantasy works. Bujold is one of the most acclaimed writers in her field, having won the prestigious Hugo Award for best novel four times, matching Robert A. Heinlein's record. Her novella "The Mountains of Mourning" won both the Hugo and Nebula Award. In the fantasy sphere, The Curse of Chalion won the Mythopoeic Award for Adult Literature and was nominated for the 2002 World Fantasy Award for best novel, and both her fourth Hugo and second Nebula were for Paladin of Souls.
http://wn.com/Lois_McMaster_Bujold -
Michael Moorcock
Michael John Moorcock (born 18 December 1939, in London) is an English writer, primarily of science fiction and fantasy, who has also published a number of literary novels.
http://wn.com/Michael_Moorcock -
Piers Anthony
Piers Anthony Dillingham Jacob (born August 6, 1934 in Oxford, England) is an English American writer in the science fiction and fantasy genres, publishing under the name Piers Anthony. He is most famous for his set in the fictional realm of Xanth.
http://wn.com/Piers_Anthony -
Robert A. Heinlein
Robert Anson Heinlein (July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was an American science fiction writer. Often called "the dean of science fiction writers", he was one of the most popular, influential, and controversial authors of the genre. He set a high standard for science and engineering plausibility and helped to raise the genre's standards of literary quality. He was one of the first writers to break into mainstream, general magazines such as The Saturday Evening Post, in the late 1940s, with unvarnished science fiction. He was among the first authors of bestselling, novel-length science fiction in the modern, mass-market era. For many years, Heinlein, Isaac Asimov, and Arthur C. Clarke were known as the "Big Three" of science fiction.
http://wn.com/Robert_A_Heinlein -
Robert Barnhart
Robert K. Barnhart (1933 – April 2007) was an American lexicographer and editor of various specialized dictionaries. He was co-editor, with his father Clarence Barnhart, on some editions of the Thorndike-Barnhart dictionaries and The World Book Dictionary. With his father and Sol Steinmetz, he edited the three volumes of The Barnhart Dictionary of New English (1973,1980, 1990).
http://wn.com/Robert_Barnhart -
Snorri Sturluson
Snorri Sturluson (1179 – 23 September 1241) was an Icelandic historian, poet, and politician. He was twice elected lawspeaker at the Icelandic parliament, the Althing. He was the author of the Prose Edda or Younger Edda, which consists of Gylfaginning ("the fooling of Gylfi"), a narrative of Norse mythology, the Skáldskaparmál, a book of poetic language, and the Háttatal, a list of verse forms. He was also the author of the Heimskringla, a history of the Norwegian kings that begins with legendary material in Ynglinga saga and moves through to early medieval Scandinavian history. For stylistic and methodological reasons, Snorri is often taken to be the author of ''Egil's saga''.
http://wn.com/Snorri_Sturluson -
Virgil
Publius Vergilius Maro (also known by the Anglicised forms of his name as Virgil or Vergil) (October 15, 70 BCE – September 21, 19 BCE) was a classical Roman poet, best known for three major works—the Eclogues (or Bucolics), the Georgics, and the Aeneid—although several minor poems are also attributed to him.
http://wn.com/Virgil -
Vision of Dryhthelm
http://wn.com/Vision_of_Dryhthelm -
William Blake
William Blake (28 November 1757–12 August 1827) was an English poet, painter, and printmaker. Largely unrecognised during his lifetime, Blake is now considered a seminal figure in the history of both the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age. His prophetic poetry has been said to form "what is in proportion to its merits the least read body of poetry in the English language". His visual artistry has led one contemporary art critic to proclaim him "far and away the greatest artist Britain has ever produced". Although he lived in London his entire life except for three years spent in Felpham he produced a diverse and symbolically rich corpus, which embraced the imagination as "the body of God", or "Human existence itself".
http://wn.com/William_Blake
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Akkadian Empire
The Akkadian Empire was an empire centered in the city of Akkad (Sumerian: Agade , Arabic: أكد, Assyrian: ܐܟܕ, [http://www.premiumwanadoo.com/cuneiform.languages/en_ecriture.htm Hittite] KUR A.GA.DÈKI "land of Akkad"; Biblical Hebrew אַכַּד (Genesis 10:10)) and its surrounding region (Akkadian URU Akkad KI) in Ancient Iraq, (Mesopotamia). The Akkadian state was the predecessor of the ethnic Akkadian states of Babylonia and Assyria; formed following centuries of Akkadian cultural synergy with Sumerians, it reached the height of its power between the 24th and 22nd centuries BC following the conquests of king Sargon of Akkad, and is sometimes regarded as the first manifestation of an empire in history.
http://wn.com/Akkadian_Empire -
Chennai
Chennai (Tamil: ), formerly known as Madras (Tamil: AKA ), is the capital city of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Chennai is the fourth most populous metropolitan area and the fifth most populous city in India. Located on the Coromandel Coast of the Bay of Bengal, Chennai city had a population of 4.34 million in the 2001 census within the area administered by the Corporation of Chennai and an extended Metropolitan Population of 6.5 million. The urban agglomeration of metropolitan Chennai has an estimated population over 8.2 million people.
http://wn.com/Chennai -
China
China is seen variously as an ancient civilization extending over a large area in East Asia, a nation and/or a multinational entity.
http://wn.com/China -
Jerusalem
Jerusalem ( , ; Arabic: , al-Quds Sharif, "The Holy Sanctuary") is the capital of Israel, though not internationally recognized as such. If the area and population of East Jerusalem is included, it is Israel's largest city in both population and area, with a population of 763,800 residents over an area of . Located in the Judean Mountains, between the Mediterranean Sea and the northern edge of the Dead Sea, modern Jerusalem has grown far beyond the boundaries of the Old City.
http://wn.com/Jerusalem
- Abaddon
- Abrahamic religions
- Aeneid
- afterlife
- Ah Puch
- Ahura Mazda
- Akkadian Empire
- Anglo-Saxon paganism
- Annihilationism
- Apocalypse
- Apocalypse of Paul
- Arabic Language
- Arthur Rimbaud
- Assyria
- atmosphere
- Avici
- Aztec
- Aztec Mythology
- Baal
- Babylonia
- Bahá'í Faith
- Bahá'í literature
- Bede
- bhuvas
- blizzard
- Bodhisattva
- Book of Arda Viraf
- Buddhism
- C.S. Lewis
- Canaanites
- cartoon
- Cartoonist
- Catholic Church
- Celtic Mythology
- Chennai
- China
- Chinese mythology
- Chitragupta
- Christian
- Christianity
- Cocytus
- Copt
- cult image
- Damnation
- Danish language
- Dante
- Dante Alighieri
- death god
- demon
- Devadatta
- Devil
- Devil (Islam)
- Divina commedia
- Divine Comedy
- Divinity
- Diyu
- Earth
- Egyptian Mythology
- Elric
- Emanuel Swedenborg
- Epic of Gilgamesh
- Eternal Champion
- Evangelical Alliance
- fallen angel
- fantasy
- Fredric Brown
- Gathas
- Gehenna
- gehinom
- general resurrection
- Germanic languages
- God
- Gothic language
- Greek Orthodox
- Gustave Doré
- Hades
- Harper Collins
- Heaven
- Hel (being)
- Hel (location)
- Herrad of Landsberg
- Hittites
- Holle (goddess)
- Hun Came
- Hypocrisy
- Icelandic language
- Inanna
- incarnation
- Indian mythology
- Inferno (Dante)
- Intermediate state
- Inuit mythology
- Ishtar
- Islam
- jaguar
- Jahannam
- Jain cosmology
- jannah
- Jean-Paul Sartre
- Jehovah's Witnesses
- Jerusalem
- Jewish eschatology
- Jimmy Hatlo
- John Bunyan
- John Ciardi
- John Milton
- Judaism
- Kabbalah
- karma
- Karma in Jainism
- Kauravas
- King James Bible
- KJV
- Ksitigarbha
- last judgment
- Liberal Christian
- Limbo
- Limbourg brothers
- Lois McMaster Bujold
- Lotus Sutra
- Lucifer
- Maalik
- Maat
- Mahabharata
- Mahavrata
- Majjhima Nikaya
- Maya Hero Twins
- Maya mythology
- Meng Po
- Mesopotamia
- Metnal
- Michael Moorcock
- Mictlan
- Middle Dutch
- Muslims
- myth of Er
- mythology
- naraka
- Naraka (Buddhism)
- naraka-loka
- Nergal
- New Testament
- New York City
- Nirvana
- NIV
- No Exit
- Norse paganism
- Norwegian language
- Old Frisian
- Old High German
- Old Norse
- Old Saxon
- Old Testament
- Osiris
- Pandavas
- Paradise
- Paradise Lost
- Piers Anthony
- Poetic Edda
- Popol Vuh
- Problem of Hell
- Prose Edda
- Protestant
- Proto-Germanic
- punishment
- Purana
- Purgatory
- Qur'an
- Quran
- reincarnation
- Religion
- Robert A. Heinlein
- Robert Barnhart
- Satan
- Second Coming
- Septuagint
- sheol
- Shirk (Islam)
- sin
- sins
- sky
- Slavic mythology
- Snorri Sturluson
- soul
- suffering
- Sumer
- svarga
- Swedish language
- Taoism
- Tartarus
- Tattvarthasutra
- teshuva
- The Curse of Chalion
- The Divine Comedy
- The Great Divorce
- Thomas Boston
- Torah
- tuonela
- Two Fields
- Uffern
- Ugarit
- Underworld
- Une Saison en Enfer
- Valley of Hinnom
- Virgil
- Visio Tnugdali
- Vision of Dryhthelm
- Vucub Caquix
- Vulgate
- Well to Hell hoax
- William Blake
- Xibalba
- Yama
- Yama (Hinduism)
- Yami
- Yamī
- Yasna
- yin-yang
- Zoroastrianism
Hell, Kevin Filmography
RELEASE
ALBUMS
Human Remains
(Released 2011)
- Deathsquad (1983 single B side)
- On Earth as It Is in Hell (1985 Square Dance Studio demo)
- Plague and Fyre (1986 8-track MEK Studio demo)
- The Oppressors (1982 4-track rehearsal room demo)
- Blasphemy and the Master (1982 4-track rehearsal room demo)
- Let Battle Commence (1982 4-track rehearsal room demo)
- The Devil's Deadly Weapon (1985 Square Dance Studio demo)
- The Quest (1983 live rehearsal)
- Macbeth (1982 4-track rehearsal room demo)
- Save Us From Those Who Would Save Us (1983 single A side)
- No Martyr's Cage (1983 live rehearsal)
Body Language Volume 9
(Released 2010)
- Sueno Latino (DJ Hell - All U Need Is Love remix)
- Dead Eye
- Nairobi (Carl Craig remix)
- Contemplation (King Britt Funke remix)
- Face in the Crowd (Intellidread mix)
- Monotone Fantastique
- The Robots
- Forbidden Colours
- Esque
- Empire (Original vs. Dixon edit)
- It's Me
- Take the Weight (Peter Kruder vocal mix)
- Silently (feat. Mimu) (Kirk Degiorgio remix)
- The Incident (Wet Dream mix)
- Are You Ready?
- Loot (original version)
- I Love You
- Warped
- A Fifth of Beethoven
- Stardancer
- Germania
- This Is Not America
- Where Is It? (feat. Ursula Rucker) (Re-Loved dub)
The Disaster
(Released 2008)
Hellboys: Italo Megamix by DJ Hell
(Released 2007)
- Livin Up
- Spacer Woman
- I Feel Love (Patrick Cowley remix)
- Glowing in the Dark
- Don't Stop
- Mister Game (instrumental)
- Dirty Talk (USA Connection instrumental)
- Take a Chance
- Chase
- Problemes D'Amour (Ah Ou Ah version)
- Supernature
- Dance Forever
- Control
- Remember
- Magnifique, Part 1
- Trans Europe Express
- Pulstar
- Hypnotic Tango (instrumental)
- Rydeen
DJ Hell: Misch Masch
(Released 2006)
- Z-Boson
- Transit
- Machine 1
- Falling Up (Carl Craig remix)
- August (Appetizer version)
- Airbone (Carl Craig remix)
- Point of No Return
- 37°
- A Relic
- Rhythm
- Machine Ate My Homework
- The Alchemist
- Rej (original Beatless version)
- Then and Before
- Phuture Bound (Âme mix)
- Bubbles
- Blackout Phase 3
Presents My Definition of House, Part 1
(Released 2005)
Größenwhan
(Released 2005)
- Definition of House (vocal version)
- Eat More House Baby
- Take a Shot
- Suicide Commando
- This Is for You
- Keep on Waiting
- Like This (2005)
- Diese Momente werden nicht verloren sein wie Tränen im Regen
- Allerseelen (edit)
- My Life Is Hell (edit)
- Tragic Picture Show (alternative version)
- Listen to the Hiss
- Je Regrette Everything
NY Muscle
(Released 2003)
- Keep on Waiting (feat. Erlend Øye)
- Listen to the Hiss (feat. Alan Vega)
- Tragic Picture Show
- Follow You
- Let No Man Jack
- Limbische System
- Black Panther Party
- Je Regrette Everything (feat. Billie Ray Martin)
- Control
- Meet the Heat (feat. Alan Vega)
- Wired
- [Phone Call]
Electronicbody-Housemusic
(Released 2002)
- Inspiration
- Miura
- Warriors (Jam)
- You Can't Have It Both Ways
- Working Night
- Behind the Wheel (DJ Kicks Electrocla$h radio mix)
- 2 After 909
- Where U At (mix originale)
- For Disco Play Only
- Elastobabe (Soul Capsule's Cosmic Warrior mix)
- Expressions (feat. Massive Sounds)
- Ain't Changin' (feat. Justin Chapman)
- Dump Days
- The Motorcade
- You Know How We Do
- They Keep Dancing (feat. Mark Irwin) (Nuvo mix)
- Oscillations
- Now Is the Time (vocal mix)
Fuse Presents Hell
(Released 2000)
- Evolution
- M5
- Version
- The Indicent (Wet Dream mix)
- The Texican (extended club mix)
- Avant-Après Mars
- What Use
- Desire
- Shylight
- I Feel Love (Patrick Cowley mix)
- Beat the Clock
- Rise From Your Grave (Wake Side)
- Pressin On
- Superficial (main vocal mix)
- The Land of Dreams
- Two Tribes (Annihilation mix)
- Rocket Scientist
- Love Story
- Disco Volante
- Steam Away
Munich Machine
(Released 1999)
- This Is for You
- For Your Love
- Berimbau
- Copa
- Dominatrix
- Suicide Commando
- Jack the House
- Passion
- Bass Mechnic
- Warm Leatherette
- My Definitiom of House Music
- Totmacher
- Suicide Commando (Translation mix)
X-Mix 5: Wildstyle
(Released 1995)
- On Your Way
- Stomping Grounds
- Smooth Groove
- Atol
- Can You Feel the Bass
- B1
- New Dimension
- Lets Work That Motherf.....
- Pump the Move
- The Afterlife
- All for Lee-Sah
- Station to Station
- Hysteria
- Think About It
- Can You Feel It
- Erotic Illusions
- Let There Be House
- My Definition of House
- Herz
Geteert & Gefedert
(Released 1994)
- Herz
- My Life Is Hell
- I Feel Love
- Allerseelen
- Hot on the Heels of Love
- Definition of House (Northstar remix)
- Im Mutterleib
- U Can Dance (feat. Bryan Ferry)
- Electronic Germany
- The DJ (feat. P Diddy)
- The Disaster
- Bodyfarm 2
- Hellracer
- Wonderland
- Friday. Saturday Sunday
- U Can Dance (feat. Bryan Ferry) (instrumental mix)
- The DJ (feat. P Diddy) (instrumental mix)
- Germania
- The Angst... The Angst, Part 2
- Carte Blanche
- Nightclubbing
- I Prefer Women to Men Anyway
- Action (interlude)
- Hell S Kitchen
- Silver Machine (feat. Marsmobil)
- Silver Machine (feat. Marsmobil) (instrumental mix)
Send this Playlist by SMS
Email this Page
Avril Lavigne - What The Hell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:46
- Published: 21 Jan 2011
- Uploaded: 16 Dec 2011
- Author: AvrilLavigneVEVO
Music video by Avril Lavigne performing What The Hell. (C) 2010 RCA Records, a unit of Sony Music Entertainment
http://wn.com/Avril_Lavigne__What_The_Hell
Avril Lavigne - What The Hell Lyrics on Screen HD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:39
- Published: 01 Jan 2011
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: EvrenLyriicsH
Avril Lavigne - What The Hell Lyrics on Screen HD
http://wn.com/Avril_Lavigne__What_The_Hell_Lyrics_on_Screen_HD
Avril Lavigne - What The Hell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:40
- Published: 11 Jan 2011
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: AvrilLavigne
Listen to Avril Lavigne's new single "What The Hell" - Download your copy at iTunes bit.ly
http://wn.com/Avril_Lavigne__What_The_Hell
Where the Hell is Matt? (2008)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:29
- Published: 20 Jun 2008
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: mattharding2718
14 months in the making, 42 countries, and a cast of thousands. Thanks to everyone who danced with me. Make sure to click "watch in HD" right underneath the video. www.wherethehellismatt.com http
http://wn.com/Where_the_Hell_is_Matt?_2008
Welcome to Hell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:04
- Published: 22 Jun 2006
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: chrisofduke
Rowan Atkinson's sketch about the Devil Welcoming People to Hell..
http://wn.com/Welcome_to_Hell
HELL - On Earth As It Is In Hell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:18
- Published: 11 Mar 2011
- Uploaded: 14 Dec 2011
- Author: NuclearBlastEurope
The brand new video for UKs NWOBHM legends HELLs upcoming debut "Human Remains" Out now via Nuclear Blast Records. Become a fan on Facebook: www.facebook.com Nuclear Blast USA bit.ly Nuclear Blast EUROPE bit.ly iTunes bit.ly Amazon amzn.to
http://wn.com/HELL__On_Earth_As_It_Is_In_Hell
Gives You Hell (Full Narrative Version)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Published: 08 Oct 2009
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: AllAmericanRjctsVEVO
Music video by The All-American Rejects performing Gives You Hell. (C) 2008 DGC/Interscope Records
http://wn.com/Gives_You_Hell_Full_Narrative_Version
Johnny Depp - From Hell trailer
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:23
- Published: 11 Sep 2006
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: scarlettgirl64
theatrical trailer from Johnny Depp movie From Hell
http://wn.com/Johnny_Depp__From_Hell_trailer
Where the Hell is Matt?
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:42
- Published: 20 Jun 2006
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: mattharding2718
I had a great time making this. Hope you enjoy it. www.wherethehellismatt.com www.STRIDEgum.com
http://wn.com/Where_the_Hell_is_Matt?
Disturbed - Hell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:00
- Published: 01 Apr 2009
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: fuckthislolz
Disturbed - Hell comment + rate plz
http://wn.com/Disturbed__Hell
Disturbed: Hell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:16
- Published: 28 Sep 2011
- Uploaded: 16 Dec 2011
- Author: DisturbedTV
From the new B-sides collection "The Lost Children" - out now. Get it today at wbr.fm
http://wn.com/Disturbed_Hell
hells bells
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:13
- Published: 02 Nov 2006
- Uploaded: 14 Dec 2011
- Author: sparksparky
hells bells
http://wn.com/hells_bells
Monty Python - Hell's Grannies
from Monty Python's Flying Circus Season 1 - Episode 08 Full Frontal Nudity Recorded 25-11-69, Aired 07-12-69 I'm slowly uploading the entire Flying Circus series... Got any requests?
http://wn.com/Monty_Python__Hell's_Grannies
ACDC Highway to Hell with lyrics
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:29
- Published: 07 Oct 2009
- Uploaded: 16 Dec 2011
- Author: ultimateravenfan
Highway to hell.
http://wn.com/ACDC_Highway_to_Hell_with_lyrics
Network - Mad as Hell Scene
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:13
- Published: 25 Feb 2008
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: deepshitrulez
From the motion picture Network (1976)
http://wn.com/Network__Mad_as_Hell_Scene
Pink Floyd - Run like Hell - from Pulse
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:36
- Published: 16 Jul 2006
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: magopancione
run like hell live from pulse
http://wn.com/Pink_Floyd__Run_like_Hell__from_Pulse
(22) THE WALL: Pink Floyd - Run Like Hell
From the motion picture The Wall, by Pink Floyd. Song #22 (Disk 2) "Run Like Hell" Create playlist to entire CD. Order number in title. Sorry, it's just that picture. Lyrics: Run, run, run, run (x) You better make your face up in your favourite disguise with your button down lips and your roller blind eyes With your empty smile and your hungry heart Feel the bile rising from your guilty past With your nerves in tatters when the cockleshell shatters And the hammers batter down your door You better run! Run, run, run, run (x) You better run all day and run all night And keep your dirty feelings deep inside. And if you're takin' your girlfriend out tonight You better park the car well out of sight 'Cos if they catch you in the back seat trying to pick her locks they're gonna send you back to mother in a cardboard box! You better run! "Gilmore, Gilmore, Gilmore" (x)
http://wn.com/22_THE_WALL_Pink_Floyd__Run_Like_Hell
Disturbed-Hell
rare song i thought id post it =] Hey for all you people out there this is off the Ten Thousand Fists album (Special Edition) thanks.
http://wn.com/Disturbed-Hell
Rev Theory - Hell Yeah
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:17
- Published: 23 Nov 2009
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: RevTheoryVEVO
Music video by Rev Theory performing Hell Yeah. (C) 2008 Interscope Records
http://wn.com/Rev_Theory__Hell_Yeah
Pistol Annies - Hell On Heels
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:10
- Published: 25 Jul 2011
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: PistolAnniesVEVO
Music video by Pistol Annies performing Hell On Heels. (C) 2011 Sony Music Entertainment
http://wn.com/Pistol_Annies__Hell_On_Heels
"What The Hell" (Baby - Justin Bieber Parody) By Dani Shay
I am stopped everywhere I go because people think I am Justin Bieber. Before I even knew who he was, no matter what I was wearing, I would be asked for photos, autographs, etc... This is my response to that. It expresses my initial confusion, the shock when I finally saw his face, the frustration with people ONLY seeing him when they see me, and the solution I've come to, as a way to balance what fate has delivered. I just want people to dig a little deeper. Anyways, Enjoy! One Love. Credits: Cinematography: Jeffrey Gross & Alex Lazin. (c) Dani Shay 2010 Connect Directly at: www.danishay.com Be a Fan on Facebook www.facebook.com Follow Me on Twitter: www.twitter.com
http://wn.com/What_The_Hell_Baby__Justin_Bieber_Parody_By_Dani_Shay
Sum 41 - The Hell Song
Music video by Sum 41 performing The Hell Song. (C) 2002 The Island Def Jam Music Group
http://wn.com/Sum_41__The_Hell_Song
The Simpsons - Donut Hell
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:34
- Published: 08 Jul 2008
- Uploaded: 15 Dec 2011
- Author: huluDotCom
Homer sells his soul to the devil for a donut and is sent to the ironic punishment lab to suffer. S5 E5.
http://wn.com/The_Simpsons__Donut_Hell
photo: AP / Adam Lau
27 Dec 2011
Lindsay Lohan is adamant ... there's no way in hell she's gonna blow the progress she's made with her judge just to count backwards from ten. Sources close to the actress...
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![The Burmese Python (Python molurus bivittatus) is the largest subspecies of the Indian Python and one of the 6 largest snakes in the world, native to a large variation of tropic and subtropic areas of Southern- and Southeast Asia. They are often found near water and are sometimes semi-aquatic, but can also be found in trees. Wild individuals average 3.7 metres (12 ft) long,[1][2] but may reach up to 5.8 metres (19 ft).[3]](http://web.archive.org./web/20111228135848im_/http://cdn1.wn.com/ph/img/53/47/a9f9e0fd4d7630a151201d1aee3d-medium.jpg "The Burmese Python (Python molurus bivittatus) is the largest subspecies of the Indian Python and one of the 6 largest snakes in the world, native to a large variation of tropic and subtropic areas of Southern- and Southeast Asia. They are often found near water and are sometimes semi-aquatic, but can also be found in trees. Wild individuals average 3.7 metres (12 ft) long,[1][2] but may reach up to 5.8 metres (19 ft).[3]")
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In many religious traditions, Hell is a place of suffering and punishment in the afterlife. Religions with a linear divine history often depict Hell as endless. Religions with a cyclic history often depict Hell as an intermediary period between incarnations. Typically these traditions locate Hell under the Earth's external surface and often include entrances to Hell from the land of the living. Other afterlife destinations include Heaven, Purgatory, Paradise and Limbo.
Other traditions, which do not conceive of the afterlife as a place of punishment or reward, merely describe Hell as an abode of the dead – a neutral place located under the surface of Earth (for example, see sheol and Hades). Modern understandings of Hell often depict it abstractly, as a state of loss rather than as fiery torture literally underground, but this view of Hell can, in fact, be traced back into the ancient and medieval periods as well. Hell is often portrayed as populated with demons who torment the damned. Many are ruled by a death god such as Nergal, Hades, Enma or the Christian/Islamic Devil (Satan or Lucifer). In Islam, the Devil does not actually reside in Hell.
Etymology and Germanic mythology
The modern English word Hell is derived from Old English hel, helle (about 725 AD to refer to a nether world of the dead) reaching into the Anglo-Saxon pagan period, and ultimately from Proto-Germanic *halja, meaning "one who covers up or hides something". The word has cognates in related Germanic languages such as Old Frisian helle, hille, Old Saxon hellja, Middle Dutch helle (modern Dutch hel), Old High German helle (Modern German Hölle), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish "helvede"/helvete (hel + Old Norse vitti, "punishment" whence the Icelandic víti "hell"), and Gothic halja. Subsequently, the word was used to transfer a pagan concept to Christian theology and its vocabulary (however, for the Judeo-Christian origin of the concept see Gehenna).
The English word hell has been theorized as being derived from Old Norse hel but the cognate does appear in all the other languages and has a Proto-Germanic origin. Among other sources, the Poetic Edda, compiled from earlier traditional sources in the 13th century, and the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson, provide information regarding the beliefs of the Norse pagans, including a being named Hel, who is described as ruling over an underworld location of the same name. This is envisioned as a "misty" place (rather than the fire envisioned by Christianity and Islam) where go all women and in addition, some men. Punishment for wrong deeds is not mentioned.
Religion, mythology, and folklore
Hell appears in several mythologies and religions. It is commonly inhabited by demons and the souls of dead people. A fable about hell which recurs in folklore across several cultures is the allegory of the long spoons. Hell is often depicted in art and literature, perhaps most famously in Dante's Divine Comedy.
Punishments
Punishment in Hell typically corresponds to sins committed during life. Sometimes these distinctions are specific, with damned souls suffering for each sin committed (see for example Plato's myth of Er or Dante's The Divine Comedy), but sometimes they are general, with condemned sinners relegated to one or more chamber of Hell or to a level of suffering.In many religious cultures, including Christianity and Islam, Hell is traditionally depicted as fiery and painful, inflicting guilt and suffering. Despite these common depictions of Hell as a place of fire, some other traditions portray Hell as cold. Buddhist - and particularly Tibetan Buddhist - descriptions of hell feature an equal number of hot and cold hells. Among Christian descriptions Dante's Inferno portrays the innermost (9th) circle of Hell as a frozen lake of blood and guilt. But cold also played a part in earlier Christian depictions of hell, beginning with the Apocalypse of Paul, originally from the early third century; the "Vision of Dryhthelm" by the Venerable Bede from the seventh century; "St Patrick's Purgatory", "The Vision of Tundale" or "Visio Tnugdali", and the "Vision of the Monk of Enysham", all from the twelfth century; and the "Vision of Thurkill" from the early thirteenth century.
Polytheism
Ancient Egypt
With the rise of the cult of Osiris during the Middle Kingdom the “democratization of religion” offered to even his humblest followers the prospect of eternal life, with moral fitness becoming the dominant factor in determining a person's suitability. At death a person faced judgment by a tribunal of forty-two divine judges. If they led a life in conformance with the precepts of the Goddess Maat, who represented truth and right living, the person was welcomed into the Two Fields. If found guilty the person was thrown to a “devourer” and didn't share in eternal life. The person who is taken by the devourer is subject first to terrifying punishment and then annihilated. These depictions of punishment may have influenced medieval perceptions of the inferno in hell via early Christian and Coptic texts. Purification for those who are considered justified may be found in the descriptions of “Flame Island”, where they experience the triumph over evil and rebirth. For the dammed complete destruction into a state of non being awaits but there is no suggestion of eternal torture; the weighing of the heart in Egyptian Mythology can lead to annihilation. Divine pardon at judgement was always a central concern for the Ancient Egyptians.Our undertsanding of Egyptian notions of hell are based on six ancient texts: The Book of Two Ways (Book of the Ways of Rosetau), The Book of Amduat (Book of the Hidden Room, Book of That Which Is in the Underworld), The Book of Gates, The Book of the Dead (Book of Going Forth by Day), The Book of the Earth and The Book of Caverns.
Ancient Near East
The cultures of Mesopotamia (including Sumeria, the Akkadian Empire, Babylonia and Assyria), the Hittites and the Canaanites/Ugarits reveal some of the earliest evidence for the notion of a Netherworld or Underworld. From among the few texts that survive from these civilizations, this evidence appears in the Epic of Gilgamesh, the “Descent of Inanna to the Netherworld,” “Baal and the Underworld,” the “Descent of Ishtar” and the “Vision of Kummâ.”
Greek
In classic Greek mythology, below Heaven, Earth, and Pontus is Tartarus, or Tartaros (Greek Τάρταρος, deep place). It is either a deep, gloomy place, a pit or abyss used as a dungeon of torment and suffering that resides within Hades (the entire underworld) with Tartarus being the hellish component. In the Gorgias, Plato (c. 400 BC) wrote that souls were judged after death and those who received punishment were sent to Tartarus. As a place of punishment, it can be considered a hell. The classic Hades, on the other hand, is more similar to Old Testament Sheol.
Europe
The hells of Europe include Breton Mythology's "Anaon", Celtic Mythology's "Uffern", Slavic mythology's "Peklo", the hell of Sami mythology and Finnish "tuonela" ("manala").
Asia
The hells of Asia include Bagobo Mythology's “Gimokodan” and Ancient Indian mythology's “Kalichi".
Africa
African hells include Haida Mythology's “Hetgwauge” and the hell of Swahili Mythology (kuzimu).
Oceania
The Oceanic hells include Samoan Mythology's “O le nu'u-o-nonoa” and the hells of Bangka Mythology and Caroline Islands Mythology.
Native American
The hells of the Americas include Aztec Mythology's “Mictlan”, Inuit mythology's “Adlivun” and Yanomamo Mythology's “Shobari Waka”. In Maya mythology , Xibalbá is the dangerous underworld of nine levels ruled by the demons Vucub Caquix and Hun Came. The road into and out of it is said to be steep, thorny and very forbidding. Metnal is the lowest and most horrible of the nine Hells of the underworld, ruled by Ah Puch. Ritual healers would intone healing prayers banishing diseases to Metnal. Much of the Popol Vuh describes the adventures of the Maya Hero Twins in their cunning struggle with the evil lords of Xibalbá.The Aztecs believed that the dead traveled to Mictlan, a neutral place found far to the north. There was also a legend of a place of white flowers, which was always dark, and was home to the gods of death, particularly Mictlantecutli and his spouse Mictlantecihuatl, which means literally "lords of Mictlan". The journey to Mictlan took four years, and the travelers had to overcome difficult tests, such as passing a mountain range where the mountains crashed into each other, a field where the wind carried flesh-scraping knives, and a river of blood with fearsome jaguars.
Abrahamic
Judaism
Daniel 12:2 proclaims "And many of those who sleep in the dust of the earth shall awake, Some to everlasting life, Some to shame and everlasting contempt." Judaism does not have a specific doctrine about the afterlife, but it does have a mystical/Orthodox tradition of describing Gehenna. Gehenna is not Hell, but rather a sort of Purgatory where one is judged based on his or her life's deeds, or rather, where one becomes fully aware of one's own shortcomings and negative actions during one's life. The Kabbalah explains it as a "waiting room" (commonly translated as an "entry way") for all souls (not just the wicked). The overwhelming majority of rabbinic thought maintains that people are not in Gehenna forever; the longest that one can be there is said to be 12 months, however there has been the occasional noted exception. Some consider it a spiritual forge where the soul is purified for its eventual ascent to Olam Habah (heb. עולם הבא; lit. "The world to come", often viewed as analogous to Heaven). This is also mentioned in the Kabbalah, where the soul is described as breaking, like the flame of a candle lighting another: the part of the soul that ascends being pure and the "unfinished" piece being reborn.According to Jewish teachings, hell is not entirely physical; rather, it can be compared to a very intense feeling of shame. People are ashamed of their misdeeds and this constitutes suffering which makes up for the bad deeds. When one has so deviated from the will of God, one is said to be in gehinom. This is not meant to refer to some point in the future, but to the very present moment. The gates of teshuva (return) are said to be always open, and so one can align his will with that of God at any moment. Being out of alignment with God's will is itself a punishment according to the Torah.
Christianity
thumb|"Gehenna", Valley of Hinnom, 2007 The Christian doctrine of hell derives from the teaching of the New Testament, where hell is typically described using the Greek words Tartarus or Hades or the Arabic word Gehenna.
| ! Hebrew OT | ! Septuagint | ! Greek NT | ! times in NT | ! Vulgate | ! KJV | ! NIV |
| Sheol | Hades | Hades | x10 | infernus | Hell | Hades |
| Ge Hinom | Ennom | Gehenna | x11 | infernus | Hell | Hell |
| tartaro | x1 | infernus | Hell | Hell |
These three terms have different meanings and must be recognized. Hades has similarities to the Old Testament term, Sheol as "the place of the dead". Thus, it is used in reference to both the righteous and the wicked, since both wind up there eventually. Gehenna refers to the "Valley of Hinnon", which was a garbage dump outside of Jerusalem. It was a place where people burned their garbage and thus there was always a fire burning there. Bodies of those deemed to have died in sin without hope of salvation (such as people who committed suicide) were thrown there to be destroyed. Gehenna is used in the New Testament as a metaphor for the final place of punishment for the wicked after the resurrection.
In many Christian churches, such as the Catholic Church, most Protestant churches (such as the Baptists, Episcopalians, etc.), and some Greek Orthodox churches, Hell is taught as the final destiny of those who have not been found worthy after they have passed through the great white throne of judgment, where they will be punished for sin and permanently separated from God after the general resurrection and last judgment. The nature of this judgment is inconsistent, with many Protestant churches teaching the saving comes from accepting Jesus Christ as their savior, while the Greek Orthodox and Catholic Churches teach that the judgment hinges on both faith and works. However, many Liberal Christians throughout Liberal Protestant, Anglican, Catholic and some Orthodox churches believe in Universal Reconciliation (see below) even though it might contradict the "official" teachings of their denomination.
Some Christian theologians of the early Church and some of the modern Church subscribe to the doctrines of Conditional Immortality. Conditional Immortality is the belief that the soul dies with the body and does not live again until the resurrection. This is the view held by Orthodox Jews and a few Christian sects, such as the Living Church of God, The Church of God International, and Seventh Day Adventist Church.
Annihilationism is the belief that the soul is mortal unless granted eternal life, making it possible to be destroyed in Hell.
Jehovah's Witnesses hold that the soul ceases to exist when the person dies and therefore that Hell (Sheol or Hades) is a state of non-existence. In their theology, Gehenna differs from Sheol or Hades in that it holds no hope of a resurrection. Tatarus is held to be the metaphorical state of debasement of the fallen angels between the time of their moral fall (Genesis chapter 6) until their post-millennial destruction along with Satan (Revelation chapter 20).
Universal Reconciliation is the belief that all human souls (and even Demons) will be eventually reconciled with God and admitted to Heaven. This view is held by some Unitarian-Universalists.
According to Emanuel Swedenborg’s Second Coming Christian revelation, hell exists because evil people want it. They, not God, introduced evil to the human race.
Islam
Muslims believe in jahannam (in Arabic: جهنم) (which is related to the Hebrew word gehinnom and resembles the versions of Hell in Christianity). In the Qur'an, the holy book of Islam, there are literal descriptions of the condemned in a fiery Hell, as contrasted to the garden-like Paradise (jannah) enjoyed by righteous believers.In addition, Heaven and Hell are split into many different levels depending on the actions perpetrated in life, where punishment is given depending on the level of evil done in life, and good is separated into other levels depending on how well one followed God while alive. The gate of Hell is guarded by Maalik who is the leader of the angels assigned as the guards of hell also known as Zabaaniyah. The Quran states that the fuel of Hellfire is rocks/stones (idols) and human beings.
Although generally Hell is often portrayed as a hot steaming and tormenting place for sinners, there is one Hell pit which is characterized differently from the other Hell in Islamic tradition. Zamhareer is seen as the coldest and the most freezing Hell of all; yet its coldness is not seen as a pleasure or a relief to the sinners who committed crimes against God. The state of the Hell of Zamhareer is a suffering of extreme coldness, of blizzards, ice, and snow which no one on this earth can bear. The lowest pit of all existing Hells is the Hawiyah which is meant for the hypocrites and two-faced people who claimed to believe in Allah and His messenger by the tongue but denounced both in their hearts. Hypocrisy is considered to be one of the most dangerous sins, and so is Shirk.
Bahá'í Faith
In the Bahá'í Faith, the conventional descriptions of Hell and Heaven are considered to be symbolic representations of spiritual conditions. The Bahá'í writings describe closeness to God to be heaven, and conversely, remoteness from God is hell.
Eastern
Buddhism
In "Devaduta Sutta", the 130th discourse of the Majjhima Nikaya, Buddha teaches about the hell in vivid detail. Buddhism teaches that there are five (sometimes six) realms of rebirth, which can then be further subdivided into degrees of agony or pleasure. Of these realms, the hell realms, or Naraka, is the lowest realm of rebirth. Of the hell realms, the worst is Avīci or "endless suffering". The Buddha's disciple, Devadatta, who tried to kill the Buddha on three occasions, as well as create a schism in the monastic order, is said to have been reborn in the Avici Hell.
However, like all realms of rebirth, rebirth in the Hell realms is not permanent, though suffering can persist for eons before being reborn again. In the Lotus Sutra, the Buddha teaches that eventually even Devadatta will become a Pratyekabuddha himself, emphasizing the temporary nature of the Hell realms. Thus, Buddhism teaches to escape the endless migration of rebirths (both positive and negative) through the attainment of Nirvana.
The Bodhisattva Ksitigarbha, according to the Ksitigarbha Sutra, made a great vow as a young girl to not reach Enlightenment until all beings were liberated from the Hell Realms or other unwholesome rebirths. In popular literature, Ksitigarbha travels to the Hell realms to teach and relieve beings of their suffering.
Hinduism
Early Vedic religion doesn't have a concept of Hell. Ṛg-veda mentions three realms, bhūr (the earth), svar (the sky) and bhuvas or antarikṣa (the middle area, i.e. air or atmosphere)). In later Hindu literature, especially the law books and Puranas, more realms are mentioned, including a realm similar to Hell, called naraka (in Devanāgarī: नरक). Yama as first born human (together with his twin sister Yamī) in virtue of precedence becomes ruler of men and a judge on their departure. Originally he resides in Heaven, but later, especially medieval traditions, mention his court in naraka.
In the law-books (smṛtis and dharma-sūtras, like the Manu-smṛti) naraka is a place of punishment for sins. It is a lower spiritual plane (called naraka-loka) where the spirit is judged, or partial fruits of karma affected in a next life. In Mahabharata there is a mention of the Pandavas and the Kauravas both going to Heaven.At first Yudhisthir goes to heaven where he sees Duryodhana enjoying in heaven,Indra tells him Duryodhana is in heaven as he did his Kshatriya duties,then he shows Yudhisthir hell where it appears his brothers are but later its revealed it was a test for Yudhisthir and his brothers and Kauravas both are in heaven and both live happily in divine abode of gods.Hells are also described in various Puranas and other scriptures. Garuda Purana gives a detailed account of Hell, its features and enlists amount of punishment for most of the crimes like a modern day penal code.
It is believed that people who commit sins go to Hell and have to go through punishments in accordance with the sins they committed. The god Yamarāja, who is also the god of death, presides over Hell. Detailed accounts of all the sins committed by an individual are kept by Chitragupta, who is the record keeper in Yama's court. Chitragupta reads out the sins committed and Yama orders appropriate punishments to be given to individuals. These punishments include dipping in boiling oil, burning in fire, torture using various weapons, etc. in various Hells. Individuals who finish their quota of the punishments are reborn in accordance with their balance of karma. All created beings are imperfect and thus have at least one sin to their record; but if one has generally led a pious life, one ascends to svarga, a temporary realm of enjoinment similar to Paradise, after a brief period of expiation in Hell and before the next reincarnation according to the law of karma.
Jainism
In Jain cosmology, Naraka (translated as hell) is the name given to realm of existence having great suffering. However, a Naraka differs from the hells of Abrahamic religions as souls are not sent to Naraka as the result of a divine judgment and punishment. Furthermore, length of a being's stay in a Naraka is not eternal, though it is usually very long—measured in billions of years. A soul is born into a Naraka as a direct result of his or her previous karma (actions of body, speech and mind), and resides there for a finite length of time until his karma has achieved its full result. After his karma is used up, he may be reborn in one of the higher worlds as the result of an earlier karma that had not yet ripened.The hells are situated in the seven grounds at the lower part of the universe. The seven grounds are: # Ratna prabha # Sharkara prabha. # Valuka prabha. # Panka prabha. # Dhuma prabha. # Tamaha prabha. # Mahatamaha prabha.
The hellish beings are a type of souls which are residing in these various hells. They are born in hells by sudden manifestation. The hellish beings possess vaikriya body (protean body which can transform itself and take various forms). They have a fixed life span (ranging from ten thousand to billions of years) in the respective hells where they reside. According to Jain scripture, Tattvarthasutra, following are the causes for birth in hell: #Killing or causing pain with intense passion. #Excessive attachment to things and worldly pleasure with constantly indulging in cruel and violent acts. #Vowless and unrestrained life.
Taoism
Ancient Taoism had no concept of Hell, as morality was seen to be a man-made distinction and there was no concept of an immaterial soul. In its home country China, where Taoism adopted tenets of other religions, popular belief endows Taoist Hell with many deities and spirits who punish sin in a variety of horrible ways. This is also considered Karma for Taoism.
Chinese folk beliefs
Diyu (; literally "earth prison") is the realm of the dead in Chinese mythology. It is very loosely based upon the Buddhist concept of Naraka combined with traditional Chinese afterlife beliefs and a variety of popular expansions and re-interpretations of these two traditions. Ruled by Yanluo Wang, the King of Hell, Diyu is a maze of underground levels and chambers where souls are taken to atone for their earthly sins.Incorporating ideas from Taoism and Buddhism as well as traditional Chinese folk religion, Diyu is a kind of purgatory place which serves not only to punish but also to renew spirits ready for their next incarnation. There are many deities associated with the place, whose names and purposes are the subject of much conflicting information.
The exact number of levels in Chinese Hell - and their associated deities - differs according to the Buddhist or Taoist perception. Some speak of three to four 'Courts', other as many as ten. The ten judges are also known as the 10 Kings of Yama. Each Court deals with a different aspect of atonement. For example, murder is punished in one Court, adultery in another. According to some Chinese legends, there are eighteen levels in Hell. Punishment also varies according to belief, but most legends speak of highly imaginative chambers where wrong-doers are sawn in half, beheaded, thrown into pits of filth or forced to climb trees adorned with sharp blades.
However, most legends agree that once a soul (usually referred to as a 'ghost') has atoned for their deeds and repented, he or she is given the Drink of Forgetfulness by Meng Po and sent back into the world to be reborn, possibly as an animal or a poor or sick person, for further punishment.
Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism has historically suggested several possible fates for the wicked, including annihilation, purgation in molten metal, and eternal punishment, all of which have standing in Zoroaster's writings. Zoroastrian eschatology includes the belief that wicked souls will remain in hell until, following the arrival of three saviors at thousand-year intervals, Ahura Mazda reconciles the world, destroying evil and resurrecting tormented souls to perfection.The sacred Gathas mention a “House of the Lie″ for those “that are of an evil dominion, of evil deeds, evil words, evil Self, and evil thought, Liars.” However, the best-known Zoroastrian text to describe hell in detail is the Book of Arda Viraf. It depicts particular punishments for particular sins—for instance, being trampled by cattle as punishment for neglecting the needs of work animals. Other descriptions can be found in the Book of Scriptures (Hadhokht Nask), Religious Judgments (Dadestan-i Denig) and the Book of the Judgments of the Spirit of Wisdom (Mainyo-I-Khard).
Literature
In his Divina commedia ("Divine comedy"; set in the year 1300), Dante Alighieri employed the concept of taking Virgil as his guide through Inferno (and then, in the second canticle, up the mountain of Purgatorio). Virgil himself is not condemned to Hell in Dante's poem but is rather, as a virtuous pagan, confined to Limbo just at the edge of Hell. The geography of Hell is very elaborately laid out in this work, with nine concentric rings leading deeper into the Earth and deeper into the various punishments of Hell, until, at the center of the world, Dante finds Satan himself trapped in the frozen lake of Cocytus. A small tunnel leads past Satan and out to the other side of the world, at the base of the Mount of Purgatory.John Milton's Paradise Lost (1667) opens with the fallen angels, including their leader Satan, waking up in Hell after having been defeated in the war in heaven and the action returns there at several points throughout the poem. Milton portrays Hell as the abode of the demons, and the passive prison from which they plot their revenge upon Heaven through the corruption of the human race. 19th century French poet Arthur Rimbaud alluded to the concept as well in the title and themes of one of his major works, A Season In Hell. Rimbaud's poetry portrays his own suffering in a poetic form as well as other themes.
Many of the great epics of European literature include episodes that occur in Hell. In the Roman poet Virgil's Latin epic, the Aeneid, Aeneas descends into Dis (the underworld) to visit his father's spirit. The underworld is only vaguely described, with one unexplored path leading to the punishments of Tartarus, while the other leads through Erebus and the Elysian Fields.
The idea of Hell was highly influential to writers such as Jean-Paul Sartre who authored the 1944 play "No Exit" about the idea that "Hell is other people". Although not a religious man, Sartre was fascinated by his interpretation of a Hellish state of suffering. C.S. Lewis's The Great Divorce (1945) borrows its title from William Blake's Marriage of Heaven and Hell (1793) and its inspiration from the Divine Comedy as the narrator is likewise guided through Hell and Heaven. Hell is portrayed here as an endless, desolate twilight city upon which night is imperceptibly sinking. The night is actually the Apocalypse, and it heralds the arrival of the demons after their judgment. Before the night comes, anyone can escape Hell if they leave behind their former selves and accept Heaven's offer, and a journey to Heaven reveals that Hell is infinitely small; it is nothing more or less than what happens to a soul that turns away from God and into itself.
Piers Anthony in his series Incarnations of Immortality portrays examples of Heaven and Hell via Death, Fate, Nature, War, Time, Good-God, and Evil-Devil. Robert A. Heinlein offers a yin-yang version of Hell where there is still some good within; most evident in his book Job: A Comedy of Justice. Lois McMaster Bujold uses her five Gods 'Father, Mother, Son, Daughter and Bastard' in The Curse of Chalion with an example of Hell as formless chaos. Michael Moorcock is one of many who offer Chaos-Evil-(Hell) and Uniformity-Good-(Heaven) as equally unacceptable extremes which must be held in balance; in particular in the Elric and Eternal Champion series. Fredric Brown wrote a number of fantasy short stories about Satan’s activities in Hell. Cartoonist Jimmy Hatlo created a series of cartoons about life in Hell called The Hatlo Inferno, which ran from 1953 to 1958.
Biblical words translated as "Hell"
;Abaddon: The Hebrew word Abaddon, meaning "destruction", is sometimes used as a synonym of Hell.;Gehenna: In the New Testament, both early (i.e. the KJV) and modern translations often translate Gehenna as "Hell." Young's Literal Translation is one notable exception, simply using "Gehenna", which was in fact a geographic location just outside Jerusalem (the Valley of Hinnom).
;Hades: Hades is the Greek word traditionally used for the Hebrew word Sheol in such works as the Septuagint, the Greek translations of the Hebrew Bible. Like other first-century Jews literate in Greek, Christian writers of the New Testament followed this use. While earlier translations most often translated Hades as "hell", as does the King James Version, modern translations use the transliteration "Hades", or render the word as allusions "to the grave", "among the dead", "place of the dead" and many other like statements in other verses. In Latin, Hades could be translated as Purgatorium (Purgatory in English use) after about 1200 A.D., but no modern English translations Hades to Purgatory. See Intermediate state.
;Infernus: The Latin word infernus means "being underneath" and is often translated as "Hell".
;Sheol: In the King James Bible, the Old Testament term Sheol is translated as "Hell" 31 times. However, Sheol was translated as "the grave" 31 other times. Sheol is also translated as "the pit" three times. :Modern translations, however, do not translate Sheol as "Hell" at all, instead rendering it "the grave," "the pit," or "death." See Intermediate state.
;Tartarus: Appearing only in II Peter 2:4 in the New Testament, both early and modern translations often translate Tartarus as "Hell." Again, Young's Literal Translation is an exception, using "Tartarus".
See also
References
Further reading
External links
Category:Abrahamic mythology Category:Bahá'í belief and doctrine Category:Afterlife places Category:Religious cosmologies Category:Suffering
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