Standard-definition television (or SDTV) is a television system that uses a resolution that is not considered to be either enhanced-definition television (EDTV) or high-definition television (HDTV). The term is usually used in reference to digital television, in particular when broadcasting at the same (or similar) resolution as analog systems. The two common SDTV signal types are 576i, derived from the European-developed PAL and SECAM systems with 576 interlaced lines of resolution; and 480i, based on the American NTSC system.

In the USA, digital SDTV is broadcast in the same 4:3 aspect ratio as NTSC signals. However, in areas that used the PAL or SECAM analog standards, standard-definition television is now usually shown with a 16:9 aspect ratio, with the transition occurring between the mid-1990s and mid-2000s. Older programs with a 4:3 aspect ratio are shown in 4:3.

Standards that support digital SDTV broadcast include DVB, ATSC Standards and ISDB. The last two were originally developed for HDTV, but are more often used for their ability to deliver multiple SD video and audio streams via multiplexing, than for using the entire bitstream for one HD channel.

In ATSC Standards, SDTV can be broadcast in 720 pixels × 480 lines with 16:9 aspect ratio (40:33 rectangular (unsquare) pixel), 720 pixels × 480 lines with 4:3 aspect ratio (10:11 rectangular pixel) or 640 pixels × 480 lines with 4:3 ratio. The refresh rate can be 24, 30 or 60 frames per second.

Digital SDTV in 4:3 aspect ratio has the same appearance as regular analog TV (NTSC, PAL, SECAM) without the ghosting, snowy images and white noise. However, if the reception is poor, one may encounter various other artifacts such as blockiness and stuttering.

Pixel aspect ratio

When standard-definition television signals are transmitted in digital form, its pixels have rectangular shape, as opposed to square pixels that are used in modern computer monitors and modern implementations of HDTV. The table below summarizes pixel aspect ratios for various kinds of SDTV video signal. Note that the actual image (be it 4:3 or 16:9) is always contained in the center 704 horizontal pixels of the digital frame, regardless of how many horizontal pixels (704 or 720) are used. In case of digital video signal having 720 horizontal pixels, only the center 704 pixels contain actual 4:3 or 16:9 image, and the 8 pixel wide stripes from either side are called nominal analogue blanking and should be discarded before displaying the image. Nominal analogue blanking should not be confused with overscan, as overscan areas are part of the actual 4:3 or 16:9 image.

Resolution 704×576 720×576 704×576 720×576 704×480 720×480 704×480 720×480

Video Format	|	Pixel Aspect Ratio	'''Equivalent square-pixel resolution
PAL 4:3	|	12:11	768×576
PAL 4:3	|	12:11	786×576
PAL 16:9	|	16:11	1024×576
PAL 16:9	|	16:11	1048×576
NTSC 4:3	|	10:11	640×480
NTSC 4:3	|	10:11	654×480
NTSC 16:9	|	40:33	854×480
NTSC 16:9	|	40:33	872×480

The pixel aspect ratio is always the same for corresponding 720 and 704 pixel resolutions because the center part of a 720 pixels wide image is equal to the corresponding 704 pixels wide image.

See also

ATSC Standards

Digital television

Digital audio broadcasting

DVB

Enhanced-definition television

Pixel aspect ratio

High-definition television

ISDB

MPEG

SBTVD

References

External links

Programmer's Guide to Video Systems

Category:ATSC Category:Digital television Category:Broadcast engineering Category:Broadband Category:History of television

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name	Shane Dawson
size	175px
birth name	Shane Yaw
birth date	July 19, 1988
birth place	Long Beach, California, U.S.
occupation	YouTube video maker (actor, comedian)
yearsactive	2008–present
known for	Sketch Comedy, vlogging
website	}}

Shane Dawson (born Shane Yaw, July 19, 1988) is an American YouTube comedian and actor. Dawson is known for making comedy videos featuring many recurring characters (such as Shananay, Ned the Nerd, S. Deezy, Shane's Mom and Aunt Hilda), impersonations (such as Paris Hilton and Miley Cyrus), and spoofs of popular music videos and TV shows. As of August 2011 his main YouTube channel is the fifth most subscribed channel of all time, behind RayWilliamJohnson, Nigahiga, Machinima.com and Smosh. Dawson has since expanded on YouTube by adding his second channel (eleventh most subscribed) where he posts video blogs and the series "Ask Shane", which moved to his main channel February 26, 2011.

Dawson's career began when he and several friends would turn in videos instead of homework in high school. Dawson's first videos on Youtube were old assignments that he turned in during high school.

In November 2009, he was featured on Attack of the Show! In 2010, Forbes magazine named him their 25th most famous web celebrity.

Personal life

Dawson grew up in Long Beach, California, where he attended Lakewood High School. Dawson has revealed in a video, that as a teenager he was over-weight and would get bullied a lot, as well as being beaten by his alcoholic father, who then abandoned the family. He has since lost 150 pounds. Shane has three dogs - Miley, Charlie & Chocolate as well as two cats, Muffins and Snoop. They often appear in his videos. He used to work in Jenny Craig, Inc. along with his mother and brother, but was fired after he uploaded a video of himself pole dancing in the building he worked in. His mother, brother and about 6 other coworkers who appeared in the video also got fired after the company saw the video.

Shane Dawson currently resides in Sherman Oaks, California.

YouTube channels

thumb|Shane Dawson plays a number of recurring characters including (from left to right) Shane, Aunt Hilda, S-Deezy, Shananay, Ned, Mom, and Paris Hilton Shane Dawson posts new videos on his main channel, ShaneDawsonTV, every Saturday and video blogs on his second channel, ShaneDawsonTV2, throughout the week. Every Monday, posted on his second channel, he also has an "Ask Shane" webseries where he answers questions from his viewers. This series is similar to a previous web series, "Viewer Orgy Party", which currently only airs approximately once a month. His third YouTube channel, Shane, is where he posts unedited videos directly from his iPhone. He began using this channel in May, 2010. He has also begun a new series called "Shane and friends" on his main channel which he does once every month. This series includes him giving advice and talking as basically all his characters. Shane often collaborates with other YouTubers or appears in their videos, such as BrittaniLouiseTaylor, TheFineBros, JoeNationTV and ijustine.

In August 2010, he announced that he was going to write a TV pilot and post it on his main channel, featuring himself and his characters from previous videos, about him in high school.

SD High

On August 11, 2010, Dawson announced that he was in the making of a 30-minute pilot which he will call SD High. Previously, the funding he needed for the pilot was provided by digital media group Take180 after he helped them out with acting in their own videos. The pilot is based on two previous videos which Dawson uploaded to his main channel recently. In his previous videos, the story centers around a teenage boy in school, and his interactions with the other characters. The pilot was due to be released towards the end of September 2010 on his main YouTube Channel, however Dawson later announced that he had been contacted by a television studio to produce the pilot for their TV channel(s). According to Dawson, there is some uncertainty involving the pilot, however it may be a TV show in the future. On March 26, 2011, Dawson uploaded a video to YouTube explaining to his audience that he's working with Happy Madison Productions, Sony Pictures, and some other YouTubers including TheFineBros and BrittaniLouiseTaylor to create the TV show. The video contains an explanation from Dawson about what he's working on, and a 'mock trailer', made up of clips from previous episodes on his YouTube channel, for the show. The pilot is currently in production.

Awards and nominations

Shane Dawson has been nominated for various awards. On August 9, 2010, Dawson won the award for Choice Web Star at the 2010 Teen Choice Awards. Although the category was not featured at the awards show, Dawson stated in a video that he posted to YouTube the next day that "It was just great to be nominated and at the show itself". The nominees for that category included fellow YouTubers Justine Ezarik, Charles Trippy, Lucas Cruikshank, best known for his Fred character, and singer Greyson Chance.

! Year	! Category	! Award	! Result
	Best Vlogger	The Streamy Awards
	Choice Web Star	Teen Choice Awards
	Choice Web Star	Teen Choice Awards

References

External links

Official Website

ShaneDawsonTV, Shane Dawson's YouTube channel

ShaneDawsonTV2, Shane Dawson's 2nd YouTube channel

Shane, Shane Dawson's iPhone YouTube channel

Category:American Internet personalities Category:Living people Category:1988 births Category:People from Long Beach, California

ar:شين داوسن de:Shane Dawson et:Shane Dawson es:Shane Dawson fr:Shane Dawson it:Shane Dawson he:שיין דוסון nl:Shane Dawson ja:シェーン・ドーソン pl:Shane Dawson pt:Shane Dawson ru:Доусон, Шейн sk:Shane Dawson sl:Shane Dawson fi:Shane Dawson sv:Shane Dawson zh:谢恩·多森

name	Tessa Virtue
country
birth date	May 17, 1989
birth place	London, Ontario, Canada
residence	Canton, Michigan, United States
height
partner	Scott Moir
coach	Igor ShpilbandMarina Zueva
formercoach	Carol MoirPaul MacIntoshSuzanne Killing
choreographer	Igor ShpilbandMarina Zueva
skating club	Ilderton Skating Club
currenttraininglocations	Canton, Michigan
formertraininglocations	Kitchener-Waterloo
beganskating	1994
worldranking	3 ()
pbrankings	2 (2010–2011) 1 (2009–2010) 3 (2008–2009)
dance score	224.43
dance date	2010 Worlds
cd score	44.13
cd date	2010 Worlds
od score	70.27 (WR)
od date	2010 Worlds
sd score	74.29 (WR)
sd date	2011 Worlds
fd score	110.42
fd date	2010 Winter Olympics
Medaltemplates	}}

}}

Tessa Virtue (born May 17, 1989) is a Canadian ice dancer who competes with Scott Moir. Virtue and Moir are the 2010 Olympic champions, the 2010 World Champions, the 2008 Four Continents Champions, the 2006 World Junior Champions and the 2008–2010 Canadian national champions.

At the 2009 Skate Canada competition, they became the first ice dance team to ever receive a 10.0 component score mark under the ISU Judging System. They have received more scores of 10.00s than any other figure skating or dance team under the ISU Judging System. They are the current world record score holders for the original dance.

Personal life

Virtue was born in London, Ontario, Canada. She is the youngest of four children.

She attended Holy Names High School in Windsor, in addition to an electronic learning school called "AMDEC" based in Stratford, Ontario. Virtue is currently studying for a degree in psychology at the University of Windsor, commuting across the border from Michigan.

Virtue lives and trains in Canton, Michigan, USA, although her official residence remains London. Virtue and Moir are training mates and friends of the American ice dance team of Meryl Davis and Charlie White.

In October 2010, Virtue, Moir, and co-writer Steve Milton published a book about their career called Tessa And Scott: Our Journey From Childhood Dream To Gold .

Career

Early career

Virtue and Moir began skating together in 1997, paired together by his aunt. Early in their career, they trained in Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario with Paul MacIntosh and Suzanne Killing.

In the 2001–2002 season, Virtue and Moir won the bronze medal at the 2002 Canadian Championships at the novice level. The following season, they placed 7th at the 2003 Canadian Championships in the junior division. In 2003, they moved to Canton, Michigan and began working with coaches Igor Shpilband and Marina Zueva at the Arctic Edge Ice Arena.

In 2003–2004, they made their ISU Junior Grand Prix debut on the 2003-2004 ISU Junior Grand Prix. They placed 4th at the event in Croatia and 6th in Slovakia. 2004 Canadian Championships, they won the Junior title, qualifying them for the team to the 2004 World Junior Championships, where they placed 11th.

The following season, they moved up to senior nationally but remained juniors internationally. On the 2004-2005 ISU Junior Grand Prix, they won the event in China and won the silver medal at the event in France, which qualified them for the Junior Grand Prix Final, where they won the silver medal. They made their senior national debut at the 2005 Canadian Championships, where they placed fourth. They were named to the team to the 2005 World Junior Championships, where they won the silver medal.

They remained at the junior level internationally in the 2005–2006 season. On the 2005–2006 ISU Junior Grand Prix, they won both their events as well as the Junior Grand Prix Final.

At the 2006 Canadian Championships, they placed 3rd and were named as first alternates to the Olympic team. They were named to the team to the 2006 Four Continents, where they won the bronze medal. At the 2006 World Junior Championships, they became the first Canadian ice dancers to win the title.

Senior career

2006–2007 season

In the 2006–2007 season, Virtue and Moir moved up to the senior level internationally. They made their Grand Prix debut at the 2006 Skate Canada International, where they won the silver medal. They placed 4th at the 2006 Trophée Eric Bompard.

At the 2007 Canadian Championships, they won the silver medal, and repeated their bronze medal finish at Four Continents. In their debut at the World Championships, they placed 6th.

2007–2008 season

Virtue and Moir were assigned to Skate Canada International and the NHK Trophy for the 2007–2008 Grand Prix season. They won the 2007 Skate Canada International and placed second at the 2007 NHK Trophy, qualifying them for the Grand Prix Final, where they came in fourth place.

Virtue and Moir won their first Canadian national title at the 2008 Canadian Championships and earned spots for the Four Continents and World Championships.

They won the gold medal at the 2008 Four Continents Championships. At the 2008 World Championships in Sweden, Virtue and Moir won the silver medal, winning the free dance segment with their program to The Umbrellas of Cherbourg soundtrack.

2008–2009 season

In the 2008–2009 season, Virtue and Moir withdrew from both their Grand Prix events due to Virtue's medical condition; she had been diagnosed with chronic exertional compartment syndrome and underwent surgery in October 2008 to alleviate the condition. She returned to the ice at the start of December, which she later said was probably too early. At the 2009 Canadian Championships, they won the gold medal.

At the 2009 Four Continents Championships, they won the silver medal behind Americans Meryl Davis & Charlie White. At the 2009 World Championships, they won the bronze medal, after placing 3rd in the compulsory dance, 6th in the original dance, and 4th in the free skate.

2009–2010 season

They started off the 2009–2010 Olympic season at the 2009 Trophée Eric Bompard, finishing first by a margin of 16.07 points ahead of the silver medalists, Nathalie Péchalat & Fabian Bourzat. They also won the 2009 Skate Canada International, with a total combined score of 204.38 points, 19.31 points ahead of Nathalie Péchalat & Fabian Bourzat. At that competition, they received the first 10.0 for ice dance under the Code of Points. They were second at the Grand Prix Final behind Meryl Davis & Charlie White.

On January 2010, they won their third National title at the 2010 Canadian Championships, placing first all the three segments of the competition and earning 221.95 points overall, which was 37.25 ahead of silver medalists Vanessa Crone & Paul Poirier. They set Canadian records for free dance and for combined total.

They competed in the ice dancing competition at the 2010 Winter Olympics from February 19 through 22. They placed second in the compulsory dance, earning a new personal best score of 42.74 points, just 1.02 off the lead. They earned 68.41 points in the original dance, placing first in that segment of the competition. They scored 110.42 points in the free dance, easily winning the gold medal overall with an insurmountable total score of 221.57, surpassing silver medalists Davis and White by 5.83 points. In the free dance, they received four 10.00 marks from the judges in the program components, two for the performance execution and two for interpretation, a feat never before accomplished by a figure skater/or team under the International Judging System. They became the first Canadian as well as the first North-American ice dance team and the youngest dance team to win the Olympics, and the first ice dance team to win the Olympic gold on home ice and also the first ice dancers to win gold on their Olympic debut since the inaugural Olympic Ice Dance event in 1976.

They competed at the 2010 World Championships, placing first in the compulsory dance with 44.13 points, improving their previous personal best. They also won the original dance with 70.27 points, a world record under the ISU Judging System. They placed second in the free dance with 110.03 points, 0.46 behind Meryl Davis & Charlie White. Overall they claimed their first World Championship title scoring 224.43 points, 1.40 ahead of Meryl Davis & Charlie White. They received numerous 10.00 for program components marks in the original dance and in the free dance.

2010–2011 season

For the 2010–2011 ISU Grand Prix season, they were assigned to the 2010 Skate Canada International and to the 2010 Trophée Eric Bompard. Virtue underwent surgery in October 2010 to reduce the lingering pain in her shins and calves that is a result of Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome, leading to their withdrawal from Skate Canada. They also withdrew from the 2011 Canadian Championships because they had not had enough time to train after the surgery.

Virtue and Moir made their season debut at the 2011 Four Continents. They were in the lead following the short dance but withdrew midway through the free dance after Virtue felt tightness in her left quad muscle. Virtue stated, "The issue with my quad was actually coming from my pelvis and my back. [I]t seemed to be stemming from a particular lift we were doing, which was a split lift. Upon returning home to Michigan we changed that lift immediately, so now we do an upside-down position instead of a split." At the 2011 World Championships, they won a small gold medal for the short dance segment and a silver medal overall behind the American team of Meryl Davis and Charlie White.

2011–2012 season

Virtue and Moir were assigned to two Grand Prix events, 2011 Skate Canada and 2011 Trophee Eric Bompard, having declined a newly introduced option to compete in a third. They announced their music selections in August.

Other skating

Virtue and Moir have toured with Stars on Ice in Canada and performed in ice shows such as Festa on Ice, Shall We Dance On Ice, and All That Skate in Los Angeles .

Programs

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! Season ! Short dance ! Free dance ! Exhibition |- ! 2011–2012 | Hip Hip Chin Chin by Club des Belugas Temptation by Diana Krall Mujer Latina by Thalia | Funny Face by Adolph Deutsch | |- ! 2010–2011 | Schenkst Du Beim Tango Mir Dein Herz by Dajos Bela & Sein TanzorchesterNights and Days soundtrack by Waldemar Kazanecki | Hip Hip Chin Chin by Club des Belugas Temptation by Diana Krall Mujer Latina by Thalia | I Want to Hold Your Hand by The Beatles cover by T. V. Carpio |- ! ! Original dance ! ! |- ! 2009–2010 | Farrucas by Pepe Romero | Symphony No. 5 by Gustav Mahler arranged by Ryner Stoetzer | Everybody Dance Now by C & C Music Factory

---

Jack & Diane by John Mellencamp |- ! 2008–2009 | Won't You Charleston with Me? from The Boyfriend | The Great Gig in the Sky Money by Pink Floyd | Jack & Diane by John Mellencamp |- ! 2007–2008 | Dark Eyes Russian Folk Song | Umbrellas of Cherbourg by Michel Legrand | I Could Have Danced All Night by Jamie Cullum

---

Dare You to Move by Switchfoot |- ! 2006–2007 | Assassination Tango Building the Bullet by Luis Bacalov | Valse Triste by Jean Sibelius | Black Magic Woman by Santana

---

Tennessee Waltz by Holly Cole Trio |- ! 2005–2006 | Beautiful Maria by The Mambo Kings Do You Only Wanna Dance by Julio Daviel Big Band | Malaguena by Raúl di Blasio | No Me Ames by Jennifer Lopez & Marc Anthony

---

Everybody Dance Now by C & C Music Factory |- ! 2004–2005 | Call Me Irresponsible by Bobby Darrin Puttin On The Ritz | Adiós Nonino by Ástor Piazzolla | Everybody Dance Now by C & C Music Factory |- ! 2003–2004 | Tears on My Pillow by Little Anthony Tutti Frutti by Little Richard | Russian Medley by Johann Christian Bach | Tears on My Pillow by Little Anthony Tutti Frutti by Little Richard |- ! 2002–2003 | Les Poissons Concerto Sopra Motivi dell'Opera by Johann Christian Bach | Magaienha by Sérgio Mendes Eres Todo En Mi by Ana Gabriel Tres Deseos by Gloria Estefan | |}

Competitive highlights

(with Moir)

Post-2006

align="center">6th align="center" bgcolor="CC9966" align="center" bgcolor="silver" align="center" bgcolor="silver" align="center"

Event			! 2007–2008	! 2008–2009	! 2009–2010	! 2010–2011
Winter Olympic Games		|		1st
World Figure Skating Championships	World Championships	|	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd
Four Continents Championships	3rd ||	1st	2nd		WD
Canadian Figure Skating Championships	Canadian Championships	2nd ||	1st	1st	1st
Grand Prix Final	|	4th		2nd
Skate Canada International	2nd ||	1st		1st
Trophée Eric Bompard	4th ||			1st
NHK Trophy	|	2nd

Pre-2006

align="center" bgcolor="CC9966">3rd N.

Event			! 2002–2003	! 2003–2004	! 2004–2005	! 2005–2006
Four Continents Championships		|			3rd
World Junior Figure Skating Championships	World Junior Championships	|		11th	2nd	1st
Canadian Figure Skating Championships	Canadian Championships	|	7th J.	1st J.	4th	3rd
ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix Final	|			2nd	1st
2005-2006 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, Canada	|				1st
2005-2006 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, Andorra	|				1st
2004-2005 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, China	|			1st
2004-2005 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, France	|			2nd
2003-2004 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, Croatia	|		4th
2003-2004 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, Slovakia	|		6th
North American Challenge Skate	NACS Thornhill	|		1st J.
Western Ontario Sectionals	|	1st J.	1st J.	1st

N = Novice level; J = Junior level; WD = Withdrawal

Detailed results

(with Moir)

Post-2006

2010–2011 season
! Date	! Event	! SD	! FD	! Total
April 24 – May 1, 2011
February 15–20, 2011

2009–2010 season
! Date	! Event	! CD	! OD	! FD	! Total
March 22–28, 2010
February 14 – 27, 2010
January 11 – 17, 2010	2010 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
December 3 – 6, 2009
November 19 – 22, 2009
October 15–18, 2009
2008–2009 season
! Date	! Event	! CD	! OD	! FD	! Total
April 16–19, 2009
March 24–28, 2009
February 2–8, 2009
January 14–18, 2009	2009 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
2007–2008 season
! Date	! Event	! CD	! OD	! FD	! Total
March 16–23, 2008
February 11–17, 2008
January 16–20, 2008	2008 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
December 13–16, 2007
November 28 – 12, 2007
November 1–4, 2007
2006–2007 season
! Date	! Event	! CD	! OD	! FD	! Total
March 20–25, 2007
February 7–10, 2007
January 15–21, 2007	2007 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
October 15 – 18, 2006

CD = Complusory Dance; OD = Original Dance; FD = Free Dance.

SD = Short Dance.

Personal bests highlighted in bold.

References

External links

Official Site

Skate Canada Profile

Category:1989 births Category:Canadian ice dancers Category:Living people Category:Canadian sportswomen Category:People from London, Ontario Category:Figure skaters at the 2010 Winter Olympics Category:Olympic figure skaters of Canada Category:Olympic gold medalists for Canada Category:Olympic medalists in figure skating Category:People from Wayne County, Michigan

cs:Tessa Virtueová de:Tessa Virtue et:Tessa Virtue fr:Tessa Virtue ko:테사 버추 hu:Tessa Virtue ja:テッサ・ヴァーチュ no:Tessa Virtue pl:Tessa Virtue pt:Tessa Virtue ru:Вертью, Тесса simple:Tessa Virtue sv:Tessa Virtue tr:Tessa Virtue uk:Тесса Верчу

Name	Scott Moir
Country
Fullname	Scott Patrick Moir
Birth date	September 02, 1987
Birth place	London, Ontario
Hometown	Ilderton, Ontario
Residence	Canton, Michigan
Height
Partner	Tessa Virtue
Coach	Igor Shpilband Marina Zueva
Formercoach	Carol Moir Paul MacIntosh Suzanne Killing
Choreographer	Igor Shpilband Marina Zueva
Skating club	Ilderton Skating Club
Currenttraininglocations	Canton, Michigan
Formertraininglocations	Kitchener-Waterloo
Beganskating	1990
Worldranking	3 ()
Pbrankings	2 (2010–2011) 1 (2009–2010) 3 (2008–2009)
dance score	224.43
dance date	2010 Worlds
cd score	44.13
cd date	2010 Worlds
od score	70.27 (WR)
od date	2010 Worlds
sd score	74.29 (WR)
sd date	2011 Worlds
fd score	110.42
fd date	2010 Winter Olympics
Medaltemplates	}}

}}

Scott Moir (born September 2, 1987) is a Canadian ice dancer. He ice dances with Tessa Virtue. Moir and Virtue are the 2010 Olympic champions, the 2010 World Champions, the 2008 Four Continents Champions, the 2006 World Junior Champions and the 2008–2010 Canadian national champions.

They were the first ice dance team to receive a 10.0 for a program component score under the new ISU Judging System. They are the current world record score holders for the original dance.

Personal life

Moir was born in London, Ontario, Canada and raised in Ilderton, Ontario. He attended Medway High School (Arva, Ontario) He currently lives and trains in Canton, Michigan, USA. Moir comes from a skating family. He is the younger brother of Danny Moir and Charlie Moir. His cousins Sheri Moir and Cara Moir competed at the 2007 World Synchronized Skating Championships for Canada's Nexxice team. His mother is a coach.

In October 2010, Moir, Virtue and co-writer Steve Milton published a book about their career called Tessa And Scott: Our Journey From Childhood Dream To Gold .

Career

Early career

Virtue and Moir began skating together in 1997, paired together by his aunt. Early in their career, Virtue and Moir trained in Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario with Paul MacIntosh and Suzanne Killing.

In the 2001–2002 season, Virtue and Moir won the bronze medal at the 2002 Canadian Championships at the novice level. The following season, they placed 7th at the 2003 Canadian Championships in the junior division. In 2003, they moved to Canton, Michigan and began working with coaches Igor Shpilband and Marina Zueva at the Arctic Edge Ice Arena.

They made their ISU Junior Grand Prix debut in the 2003-2004 ISU Junior Grand Prix. They placed 4th at the event in Croatia and 6th in Slovakia. At the 2004 Canadian Championships, they won the Junior title and qualified to be part of the Canadian team at the 2004 World Junior Championships, where they placed 11th.

The following season, Virtue and Moir moved up to the senior level nationally but remained juniors internationally. On the 2004-2005 ISU Junior Grand Prix, they won the event in China and the silver medal at the event in France. This qualified them for the Junior Grand Prix Final, where they also won the silver medal. They made their senior national debut at the 2005 Canadian Championships, where they placed fourth. They were named to the team to the 2005 World Junior Championships and won another silver medal.

Virtue and Moir remained at the junior level internationally in the 2005–2006 season. On the 2005–2006 ISU Junior Grand Prix, they won both their events as well as the Junior Grand Prix Final. At the 2006 Canadian Championships, they placed 3rd and were named as first alternates to the Olympic team. They were named to the team for the 2006 Four Continents, winning the bronze medal. At the 2006 World Junior Championships, they became the first Canadian ice dancers to win the title.

Senior career

2006–2007 season

In the 2006–2007 season, they moved up to the senior level internationally. They made their Grand Prix debut at the 2006 Skate Canada International, where they won the silver medal. They placed 4th at the 2006 Trophée Eric Bompard.

At the 2007 Canadian Championships, they won the silver medal, and repeated their bronze medal finish at Four Continents. In their debut at the World Championships, they placed 6th.

2007–2008 season

Virtue and Moir were assigned to Skate Canada International and the NHK Trophy for the 2007–2008 Grand Prix season. They won the 2007 Skate Canada International and placed second in the 2007 NHK Trophy. Those placements qualified them for the Grand Prix Final, where they came in fourth place.

Virtue and Moir won their first Canadian national title at the 2008 Canadian Championships and earned spots for the Four Continents and World Championships.

They won the 2008 Four Continents Championships. At the 2008 World Championships in Sweden, Virtue and Moir won the silver medal, winning the free dance segment with their program to The Umbrellas of Cherbourg soundtrack.

2008–2009 season

In the 2008–2009 season, Virtue & Moir withdrew from both their Grand Prix events due to Virtue's medical condition; she had been diagnosed with chronic exertional compartment syndrome and underwent surgery in October 2008 to alleviate the condition. She returned to the ice at the start of December, which she later said was probably too early. At the 2009 Canadian Championships, they won the gold medal.

At the 2009 Four Continents Championships, they won the silver medal behind Americans Meryl Davis & Charlie White. At the 2009 World Championships, they won the bronze medal, after placing 3rd in the compulsory dance, 6th in the original dance, and 4th in the free skate.

2009–2010 season

Virtue and Moir started the 2009–2010 Olympic season at the 2009 Trophée Eric Bompard, finishing first by a margin of 16.07 points ahead of the silver medalists, Nathalie Péchalat and Fabian Bourzat. They also won the 2009 Skate Canada International, with a total combined score of 204.38 points, again ahead of Nathalie Péchalat and Fabian Bourzat. At that competition, they received the first 10.0 component score for ice dance under the Code of Points. They were second at the Grand Prix Final behind Meryl Davis & Charlie White.

In January 2010, they won their third consecutive National title at the 2010 Canadian Championships, placing first in all three segments of the competition and earning 221.95 points overall, 37.25 ahead of the silver medalists Vanessa Crone & Paul Poirier. They set Canadian records for the free dance and the combined total.

They competed in the ice dancing competition at the 2010 Winter Olympics from February 19 through 22. They placed second in the compulsory dance, earning a new personal best score of 42.74 points, just 1.02 off the lead. In the original dance, they received 68.41 points, placing first in that segment of the competition. They scored 110.42 points in the free dance, winning the gold medal with an overall total score of 221.57, surpassing silver medalists, Davis and White, by 5.83 points. In the free dance, they received four 10.00 marks from the judges in the program components, two for performance execution and two for interpretation. They became the first Canadian, as well as North American ice dance team to win Olympic gold. In addition, they were youngest dance team and the first ice dance team to win the Olympic gold on home ice They were also the first ice dancers to win gold in their Olympic debut since the inaugural Olympic Ice Dance event in 1976.

They competed at the 2010 World Championships, placing first in the compulsory dance with 44.13 points, improving their previous personal best. They also won the original dance with 70.27 points, a world record under the ISU Judging System. They placed second in the free dance with 110.03 points, 0.46 behind Meryl Davis & Charlie White. Overall they claimed their first World Championship title scoring 224.43 points, 1.40 ahead of Meryl Davis & Charlie White. They received numerous program components marks of 10.00 in both the original and free dances.

2010–2011 season

For the 2010–2011 ISU Grand Prix season, Virtue and Moir were assigned to the 2010 Skate Canada International and to the 2010 Trophée Eric Bompard. Due to her chronic exertional compartment syndrome Virtue had to undergo another surgery in October 2010, leading to their withdrawal from both events. They also withdrew from the Canadian Championships because they had not had enough time to train after the surgery.

Virtue and Moir made their season debut at the 2011 Four Continents. They were in the lead following the short dance but withdrew midway through the free dance after Virtue felt tightness in her left quad muscle. They changed a lift to alleviate the problem. At the 2011 World Championships, they won a small gold medal for the short dance segment and a silver medal overall behind the American team of Meryl Davis and Charlie White.

2011–2012 season

Virtue and Moir were assigned to two Grand Prix events, 2011 Skate Canada and 2011 Trophee Eric Bompard, having declined a newly introduced option to compete in a third. They announced their music selections in August.

Other skating

Virtue and Moir have toured with Stars on Ice in Canada and performed in ice shows such as Festa on Ice, Shall We Dance On Ice, and All That Skate in Los Angeles.

Programs

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |- ! Season ! Short dance ! Free dance ! Exhibition |- ! 2011–2012 | Hip Hip Chin Chin by Club des Belugas Temptation by Diana Krall Mujer Latina by Thalia | Funny Face by Adolph Deutsch | |- ! 2010–2011 | Schenkst du beim Tango mir dein Herzby Dajos Bela & Sein TanzorchesterNights and Days soundtrack by Waldemar Kazanecki | Hip Hip Chin Chin by Club des Belugas Temptation by Diana Krall Mujer Latina by Thalia | I Want to Hold Your Hand by The Beatles cover by T. V. Carpio |- ! ! Original dance ! ! |- ! 2009–2010 | Farrucas by Pepe Romero | Symphony No. 5 by Gustav Mahler arranged by Ryner Stoetzer | Everybody Dance Now by C & C Music Factory

---

Jack & Diane by John Mellencamp |- ! 2008–2009 | Won't You Charleston with Me? from The Boyfriend | The Great Gig in the Sky Money by Pink Floyd | Jack & Diane by John Mellencamp |- ! 2007–2008 | Dark Eyes Russian Folk Song | Umbrellas of Cherbourg by Michel Legrand | I Could Have Danced All Night by Jamie Cullum

---

Dare You to Move by Switchfoot |- ! 2006–2007 | Assassination Tango Building the Bullet by Luis Bacalov | Valse Triste by Jean Sibelius | Black Magic Woman by Santana

---

Tennessee Waltz by Holly Cole Trio |- ! 2005–2006 | Beautiful Maria by The Mambo Kings Do You Only Wanna Dance by Julio Daviel Big Band | Malaguena by Raúl di Blasio | No Me Ames by Jennifer Lopez & Marc Anthony

---

Everybody Dance Now by C & C Music Factory |- ! 2004–2005 | Call Me Irresponsible by Bobby Darrin Puttin On The Ritz | Adiós Nonino by Ástor Piazzolla | Everybody Dance Now by C & C Music Factory |- ! 2003–2004 | Tears on My Pillow by Little Anthony Tutti Frutti by Little Richard | Russian Medley by Johann Christian Bach | Tears on My Pillow by Little Anthony Tutti Frutti by Little Richard |- ! 2002–2003 | Les Poissons Concerto Sopra Motivi dell'Opera by Johann Christian Bach | Magaienha by Sérgio Mendes Eres Todo En Mi by Ana Gabriel Tres Deseos by Gloria Estefan | |}

Competitive highlights

(with Virtue)

Post-2006

align="center">6th align="center" bgcolor="CC9966" align="center" bgcolor="silver" align="center" bgcolor="silver" align="center"

Event			! 2007–2008	! 2008–2009	! 2009–2010	! 2010–2011
Winter Olympic Games		|		1st
World Figure Skating Championships	World Championships	|	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd
Four Continents Championships	3rd ||	1st	2nd		WD
Canadian Figure Skating Championships	Canadian Championships	2nd ||	1st	1st	1st
Grand Prix Final	|	4th		2nd
Skate Canada International	2nd ||	1st		1st
Trophée Eric Bompard	4th ||			1st
NHK Trophy	|	2nd

Pre-2006

align="center" bgcolor="CC9966">3rd N.

Event			! 2002–2003	! 2003–2004	! 2004–2005	! 2005–2006
Four Continents Championships		|			3rd
World Junior Figure Skating Championships	World Junior Championships	|		11th	2nd	1st
Canadian Figure Skating Championships	Canadian Championships	|	7th J.	1st J.	4th	3rd
ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix Final	|			2nd	1st
2005-2006 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, Canada	|				1st
2005-2006 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, Andorra	|				1st
2004-2005 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, China	|			1st
2004-2005 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, France	|			2nd
2003-2004 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, Croatia	|		4th
2003-2004 ISU Junior Grand Prix	Junior Grand Prix, Slovakia	|		6th
North American Challenge Skate	NACS Thornhill	|		1st J.
Western Ontario Sectionals	|	1st J.	1st J.	1st

N = Novice level; J = Junior level; WD = Withdrawal

Detailed results

(with Virtue)

Post-2006

2010–2011 season
! Date	! Event	! SD	! FD	! Total
March 21–27, 2011
February 15–20, 2011

2009–2010 season
! Date	! Event	! CD	! OD	! FD	! Total
March 22–28, 2011
February 14 – 27, 2010
January 11 – 17, 2010	2010 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
December 3 – 6, 2009
November 19 – 22, 2009
October 15–18, 2009
2008–2009 season
! Date	! Event	! CD	! OD	! FD	! Total
April 16–19, 2009
March 24–28, 2009
February 2–8, 2009
January 14–18, 2009	2009 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
2007–2008 season
! Date	! Event	! CD	! OD	! FD	! Total
March 16–23, 2008
February 11–17, 2008
January 16–20, 2008	2008 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
December 13–16, 2007
November 28 – 12, 2007
November 1–4, 2007
2006–2007 season
! Date	! Event	! CD	! OD	! FD	! Total
March 20–25, 2007
February 7–10, 2007
January 15–21, 2007	2007 Canadian Figure Skating Championships
October 15 – 18, 2006

CD = Compulsory Dance; OD = Original Dance; FD = Free Dance.

SD = Short Dance.

Personal bests highlighted in bold.

References

External links

Official Site

Skate Canada Profile

Category:1987 births Category:Canadian ice dancers Category:People from London, Ontario Category:Figure skaters at the 2010 Winter Olympics Category:Olympic figure skaters of Canada Category:Living people Category:Olympic gold medalists for Canada Category:Olympic medalists in figure skating

cs:Scott Moir de:Scott Moir et:Scott Moir fr:Scott Moir ko:스콧 모이어 hu:Scott Moir ja:スコット・モイア no:Scott Moir pl:Scott Moir pt:Scott Moir ru:Моир, Скотт simple:Scott Moir tr:Scott Moir uk:Скотт Моїр

name	Lindsay Lohan
background	solo_singer
birth date	July 02, 1986
birth place	New York City
genre	Pop rock
occupation	Actress, singer, fashion designer, model
years active	1989–present
label	Casablanca, Universal Motown
website	}}

Lindsay Lohan (; born July 2, 1986) is an American actress, pop singer and model. She began her career as a child fashion model before making her motion picture debut in Disney's 1998 remake of The Parent Trap at the age of 11. Lohan gained further fame between 2003 and 2005 with leading roles in the films Freaky Friday, Mean Girls and Herbie: Fully Loaded, subsequently appearing in independent films including Robert Altman's A Prairie Home Companion and Emilio Estevez's Bobby.

Her career was interrupted in 2007 as two driving under the influence (DUI) incidents and three visits to rehabilitation facilities led to the loss of several movie deals. Resuming her career, she guest starred in the TV series Ugly Betty in 2008, starred in the 2009 comedy Labor Pains, and appeared in Robert Rodriguez's Machete in 2010. Lohan launched a second career in pop music in 2004 with the album Speak and followed up with A Little More Personal (Raw) in 2005. She has attracted significant publicity, particularly surrounding her personal life.

Life and career

Early life and education

Lohan was born on July 2, 1986, in New York City and grew up in Merrick and Cold Spring Harbor on Long Island, New York. She is the eldest child of Donata "Dina" (née Sullivan) and Michael Lohan. Lindsay has three younger siblings, all of whom have been models or actors: Michael Jr. (who appeared with Lindsay in The Parent Trap), Aliana ("Ali"), and Dakota ("Cody"), the youngest Lohan child. Lohan is of Irish and Italian heritage and was raised as a Catholic. Her maternal family were "well known Irish Catholic stalwarts" and her great-grandfather, John L. Sullivan, was a co-founder of the Pro-life Party in Long Island. Lohan attended Cold Spring Harbor High School, where she did well in science and mathematics until grade 11 when she started homeschooling.

Lohan's parents have a turbulent history. They married in 1985, separated when she was three, and later reunited. They separated again in 2005 and finalized their divorce in 2007. Her father, Michael, is a former Wall Street trader who has been in trouble with the law on several occasions, while her mother, Dina, is a former singer and dancer.

1989–2002: Early career and The Parent Trap

Lohan began her career as a child model with Ford Models at the age of three. She modeled for Calvin Klein Kids and Abercrombie kids, and appeared in over 100 television commercials, including those for Pizza Hut and Wendy's, as well as a Jell-O spot with Bill Cosby. By the age of 10, when Lohan played Alexandra "Alli" Fowler in the series Another World, Soap Opera Magazine said she was already considered a show-business veteran.

Lohan remained in the role for a year, before leaving to star in Disney's 1998 family comedy The Parent Trap, a remake of the 1961 movie. She played dual roles of estranged twins who try to reunite their long-divorced parents, played by Dennis Quaid and Natasha Richardson. The film earned $92 million worldwide, and critic Kenneth Turan called Lohan "the soul of this film as much as Hayley Mills was of the original", going on to say that "she is more adept than her predecessor at creating two distinct personalities". The film won Lohan a Young Artist Award for best performance in a feature film as well as a three-film contract with Disney.

At the age of 14, Lohan played Bette Midler's daughter in the pilot episode of the short-lived series, Bette, but resigned her role when the production moved from New York to Los Angeles. She also starred in two Disney television movies: Life-Size opposite Tyra Banks in 2000, and Get a Clue in 2002.

2003–04: Freaky Friday, Mean Girls and Speak

Lohan starred as Anna Coleman alongside Jamie Lee Curtis in the 2003 family comedy Freaky Friday. At Lohan's own initiative, her character was rewritten and changed from a Goth style to be more relatable. Critic Roger Ebert wrote that Lohan "has that Jodie Foster sort of seriousness and intent focus beneath her teenage persona". Freaky Friday earned Lohan the award for Breakthrough Performance at the 2004 MTV Movie Awards and, as of 2010, it remains her most commercially successful film, earning $160 million worldwide as well as an 88% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes.

Aiming to become a triple threat—actor, singer and dancer, similar to Ann-Margret and Marilyn Monroe—Lohan began showcasing her singing through her acting. For the Freaky Friday soundtrack, she sang the closing theme, "Ultimate", as well as recording four songs for the Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen soundtrack. Producer Emilio Estefan, Jr. signed Lohan to a five-album production deal in 2002. Two years later, Lohan signed a recording contract with Casablanca Records, headed by Tommy Mottola.

In 2004, Lohan starred in two lead roles. The first, Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen—Lohan's first role in a film that was not a remake—earned a domestic box office total of $29 million, with Brandon Gray of Box Office Mojo commenting that it was "well above expectations as it was strictly for young girls". The film overall, however, did not meet with critical acclaim. Robert K. Elder of Metromix wrote that, "though still a promising star, Lohan will have to do a little penance before she's forgiven for Confessions".

The teen comedy Mean Girls was Lohan's first movie independent of Disney. The film was a critical and commercial success, grossing $129 million worldwide and, according to Brandon Gray, "cementing her status as the new teen movie queen", while Steve Rhodes wrote that "Lohan dazzles us once more. The smartly written script is a perfect match for her intelligent brand of comedy." Lohan received four awards at the 2004 Teen Choice Awards for Freaky Friday and Mean Girls, including Breakout Movie Star. Mean Girls also earned her two awards at the 2005 MTV Movie Awards, Best Female Performance and Best On-Screen Team along with several other cast members.

Lohan, then 17, became the youngest-ever host of the MTV Movie Awards in 2004. Following Mean Girls, which was scripted by Tina Fey and featured several alumni of Saturday Night Live, Lohan hosted the show three times between 2004 and 2006, as well as hosting the 2006 World Music Awards.

Speak, Lohan's debut album, was released in December 2004, peaking at number four on the Billboard 200 and earning Platinum certification by early 2005. Lohan cowrote six of the twelve songs on the album. The album was praised by Linda McGee of RTÉ, who awarded it 4 out of 5 stars and commented that "Speak opens with all the raw emotion and teenage angst that you'd expect from an artist of Lohan's age" and that, "while her vocals are not sensational, their gritty edge keeps Lohan more than afloat throughout this album" as well as comparing the album to the early music of Avril Lavigne. Allmusic, however, awarded it 2 out of 5 stars and claimed the album "feels more like a byproduct of an overdriven, overamplified celebrity culture than an actual album". Though primarily a pop album, Speak was introduced with the single "Rumors". Described by Rolling Stone as "a bass-heavy, angry club anthem", "Rumors" details Lohan's complaints with the paparazzi and eventually earned a Gold certification in the United States.

While shooting Herbie: Fully Loaded in 2004, Lohan was hospitalized with a kidney infection brought on by stress in her personal life and of recording her first album while the film was in production, prompting Vanity Fair to label it Lohan's "first disastrous shoot". The magazine also described how Lohan terminated the promotional tour and was de-emphasized on the movie poster due to "un-Disney-like behavior". Lohan began dating actor Wilmer Valderrama in 2004, guest-starring in an episode of That '70s Show, of which Valderrama was a regular. According to Vanity Fair, the breakup with Valderrama contributed to Lohan's issues during the shooting of Herbie: Fully Loaded.

With Mean Girls, Lohan's public profile was raised significantly and paparazzi began following her. She spent several years living out of hotels in Los Angeles, of which two years were spent at Chateau Marmont. In late 2007, after settling down in more permanent residence, she explained that she spent so much time in hotels because she "didn't want to be alone" but that "it wasn't a way of life ... not very consistent." Lohan has had a series of car accidents that have been widely reported, with minor crashes in August 2004, October 2005, and November 2006, when Lohan suffered minor injuries because a paparazzo who was following her for a photograph hit her car. Police called the crash intentional, but prosecutors said there was not enough evidence to file criminal charges.

2005: Herbie: Fully Loaded and A Little More Personal (Raw)

Lohan returned to Disney in 2005 for Herbie: Fully Loaded, the fifth film in the series with the anthropomorphic car Herbie. Fully Loaded earned $144 million worldwide and received mixed reviews. Stephen Holden of The New York Times called Lohan "a genuine star who ... seems completely at home on the screen", while James Berardinelli wrote that, "as bright a starlet as she may be, Lohan ends up playing second fiddle to the car." In 2005, Lohan became the first person to have a My Scene celebrity doll released by Mattel. She also voiced herself in the animated direct-to-DVD film My Scene Goes Hollywood, based on the series of dolls.

Lohan's second album, A Little More Personal (Raw), was released in December 2005, debuting at number 20 on the Billboard 200 chart, falling under the top 100 within six weeks. Lohan cowrote six of the twelve songs on the album. Slant Magazine called the album "contrived ... for all the so-called weighty subject matter, there's not much meat on these bones." The album was certified Gold in early 2006. The music video for the album's first single, "Confessions of a Broken Heart (Daughter to Father)", was directed by Lohan and featured the acting debut of her sister, Ali Lohan. The video was a dramatization of the pain Lohan says her family has suffered at the hands of her father. It was Lohan's first song to chart on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 57.

Lohan's parents legally separated in December 2005 and finalized their divorce in 2007. Lohan spoke in 2007 about her childhood: "I feel like a second parent in the sense that I helped raise my family...I was put between my mother and father a lot. Well, I would put myself between them to try and keep the peace, and I felt good doing that." Despite the conflicts, Lohan calls herself "a family girl" and has spoken very fondly of her family, including her father. However, in 2007 and again in 2008 she stated that she was no longer in contact with him, describing his unpredictable behavior as hard to deal with. In November 2009, her father released recordings of private phone calls with and about Lohan to the media. She commented on Twitter: "I haven't had a real relationship w/Michael Sr. in years."

Lohan's next widely released film, the romantic comedy Just My Luck, opened in May 2006 and, according to Variety, earned Lohan over $7 million. The opening weekend box office takings of $5.7 million "broke lead actress Lindsay Lohan's winning streak" according to Brandon Gray. The film received poor reviews and earned Lohan her first Golden Raspberry nomination for worst actress.

2006–07: Independent movies and career interruptions

Following Just My Luck, Lohan focused on smaller roles in more mature, independent movies. Robert Altman's ensemble comedy A Prairie Home Companion, in which Lohan co-stars with Meryl Streep and Lily Tomlin, had a limited release in June 2006. Peter Travers wrote for Rolling Stone that "Lohan rises to the occasion, delivering a rock-the-house version of 'Frankie and Johnny'". Co-star Streep said of Lohan's acting: "She's in command of the art form" and "completely, visibly living in front of the camera". The Emilio Estevez drama Bobby was released in theaters in November 2006. Lohan received favorable comments for her performance, particularly a scene opposite Sharon Stone. As part of the Bobby ensemble cast, Lohan was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award and won an award for Ensemble Acting at the Hollywood Film Festival where she also won a Breakout Award for her work in 2006. Lohan's next appearance was in Chapter 27 as a John Lennon fan who befriends Mark David Chapman (Jared Leto) on the day he murders Lennon. Filming finished in early 2006, but was not released until March 2008 due to difficulties in finding a distributor. In May 2007, the drama Georgia Rule, in which Lohan stars alongside Felicity Huffman and Jane Fonda, was released. Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly wrote that "Lohan hits a true note of spiteful princess narcissism". During filming in 2006, Lohan was hospitalized, her representative saying "she was overheated and dehydrated". At the time Lohan was going through a breakup with restaurant owner Harry Morton. This contributed to her problems on the set according to Allure. In a letter that was made public, studio executive James G. Robinson called Lohan "irresponsible and unprofessional". He mentioned "various late arrivals and absences from the set" and that "we are well aware that your ongoing all night heavy partying is the real reason for your so-called 'exhaustion'." Co-star Fonda later commented that "when she showed up on the set, she was always great."

In 2006, Lohan attended Alcoholics Anonymous meetings. Lohan, who has suffered from asthma since the age of two, is also a smoker. In early January 2007, production on the film I Know Who Killed Me was put on hold when Lohan underwent appendix surgery. Later in the month, Lohan admitted herself to the Wonderland Center rehabilitation facility. Lohan checked out on February 16, 2007 after completing a 30-day stay. During the stay she continued shooting the film, returning to the facility at night. Shortly thereafter, Lohan withdrew from a film adaptation of Oscar Wilde's A Woman of No Importance, her publicist stating that Lohan needed to "focus on getting better". Lohan was replaced in The Edge of Love in April 2007, shortly before filming was to begin, with the director citing "insurance reasons" and Lohan later explaining that she "was going through a really bad time then." In May 2007, Lohan first dated British TV personality Calum Best.

Lohan was then cast in the film Poor Things. On May 26, four days before production was set to start, she was arrested for DUI and subsequently re-entered rehab. The film's producers initially voiced support and production was put on hold. Lohan had lost control of her car and run the vehicle up a curb. Beverly Hills police also found what they preliminarily identified as a "usable" amount of cocaine in her car. After receiving treatment for minor injuries, Lohan was arrested on a misdemeanor charge of driving under the influence of alcohol. She subsequently entered the Promises Treatment Center rehabilitation facility, where she stayed for 45 days. Upon her release to outpatient care, Lohan was voluntarily fitted with a SCRAM bracelet to monitor her sobriety.

On July 24, 2007, three weeks before filming was scheduled to resume on Poor Things, Lohan was arrested for a second DUI and again returned to rehabilitation. Lohan refused a field sobriety test in Santa Monica and was taken to a police station where her blood alcohol level was found to be above the legal limit. While conducting a search, the police found a small amount of cocaine in her pocket. Lohan was booked on a felony charge of possession of cocaine and misdemeanor charges of driving under the influence and driving with a suspended license. In August 2007, Lohan entered Cirque Lodge Treatment Center in Sundance, Utah for a third stint at rehabilitation, staying until discharge on October 5, 2007. Ultimately, Hollywood Reporter said, she "fell out of" the Poor Things production. Later in 2007, Lohan dated then snowboarder Riley Giles, whom she met during rehab.

In the wake of her second DUI arrest, Lohan withdrew from a scheduled appearance on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno in which she had been due to promote I Know Who Killed Me, a low-budget thriller-mystery in which she stars as a stripper with a dual personality. The film premiered to what Entertainment Weekly called "an abysmal $3.5 million". It earned Lohan a dual Razzie nomination for Worst Actress, with Lohan coming first and second, tying with herself.

Hollywood executives and industry insiders commented that it would be difficult for Lohan to find employment until she could prove that she was sober and reliable, citing possible issues with securing insurance. Robinson, the producer who previously criticized Lohan's work ethic on Georgia Rule, said that he would work with her again if she got the proper medical care, and went on to describe her as "one of the most talented young women in the movie business today."

On August 23, 2007, Lohan pleaded guilty to misdemeanor cocaine use and driving under the influence and was sentenced to one day imprisonment and 10 days' community service. She was also ordered to pay fines and complete an alcohol education program, and was given three years probation. Lohan released a statement in which she said "it is clear to me that my life has become completely unmanageable because I am addicted to alcohol and drugs". On November 15, 2007, Lohan served 84 minutes in jail. A sheriff spokesman cited overcrowding and the nonviolent nature of the crime as reasons for the reduced sentence. The probation was extended by an additional year in October 2009, following several instances in which Lohan failed to attend the court-ordered substance abuse treatment classes.

Following a switch to Universal Motown, Lohan began working on a third album, tentatively titled Spirit in the Dark, in late 2007 and released "Bossy" in May 2008. In November 2008, Lohan stated that work on the new album had stalled and that she wanted to avoid the stress of working on movies and music at the same time. In February 2010, Ne-Yo, with whom Lohan had been collaborating, stated in an interview, "We were doing some stuff and then it just fell off and hasn't got back on. I'm not gonna hold my breath."

2008–09: Television appearances and fashion

In May 2008, Lohan made her first screen appearance since I Know Who Killed Me, on ABC's television series Ugly Betty. She guest starred in four episodes, spanning seasons two and three in 2008, as Kimmie Keegan, an old schoolmate of the protagonist Betty Suarez. Lohan made a cameo appearance in the drug themed music video for the May 2008 N*E*R*D song "Everyone Nose". Lohan has featured in various men's magazines. She was voted No.10 on the list of "100 Sexiest Women" by readers of FHM in 2005, No.13 in 2006, No.30 in 2007, and No.41 in 2008, while Maxim placed her third on its "Hot 100" list in 2006 and first in 2007. In a poll by The Daily Mirror in February 2010, Lohan was voted tenth on a list of "sexiest redheads ever". Lohan has been the face of Jill Stuart, Miu Miu, and Dooney & Bourke, as well as the 2008 Visa Swap British fashion campaign as well as being the face of Italian clothing company Fornarina for its Spring/Summer 2009 campaign. thumb|Lohan named her clothing collection [[6126 Collection|6126 after the birthdate of Marilyn Monroe (pictured) whom Lohan greatly admires]] Lohan has a long-lasting fascination with Marilyn Monroe going back to when she saw Niagara during The Parent Trap shoot. In the 2008 Spring Fashion edition of New York magazine, Lohan re-created Monroe's final photo shoot, known as The Last Sitting, including nudity, saying that the photo shoot was "an honor". The New York Times critic Ginia Bellafante found it disturbing, saying "the pictures ask viewers to engage in a kind of mock necrophilia. ... At 21 [Lohan] seems even older than Monroe, who was 36 in the originals ... [and] the photographs bear none of Monroe's fragility". In 2008, Lohan launched a clothes line, whose name 6126 was designed to represent Monroe's birth date (June 1, 1926). The line started with leggings, before expanding to a full collection, covering 280 pieces as of April 2010. In April 2009, Lohan released a self-tanning spray under the brand name Sevin Nyne in collaboration with Sephora. In September 2009, Lohan became an artistic adviser for the French fashion house Emanuel Ungaro; a collection by designer Estrella Archs with Lohan as adviser was presented in October, receiving a "disastrous" reception, according to Entertainment Weekly and New York. Lohan left the company in March 2010.

During the 2008 US presidential campaign, Lohan offered her services to Barack Obama's election effort, including hosting events aimed at young voters; but her offer was declined. An unnamed source within the Obama campaign told the Chicago Sun-Times that Lohan was "not exactly the kind of high-profile star who would be a positive for us." She nonetheless posted MySpace blogs with her opinions on the election, urging voters to support Obama, criticizing media coverage of vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin, and describing Palin as homophobic, anti-abortion and anti-environmentalist. Lohan had previously expressed an interest in going to Iraq, during the Iraq War in 2006, on a USO tour with Hillary Clinton. Back in 2004, Lohan stated that she did not like to talk about politics in order to avoid alienating any part of her fanbase.

Lohan dated DJ Samantha Ronson in 2008 and 2009. Lohan co-hosted club events with Ronson and accompanied her when she was DJ-ing. Speaking about her sexual orientation, Lohan has said she is not a lesbian. When asked if she is bisexual, she responded "Maybe. Yeah", adding "I don't want to classify myself." In April 2009, following her breakup with Ronson, Lohan appeared in a skit on the comedy website Funny or Die. The self-deprecating video is a spoof of the personal ads on dating website eHarmony. It was viewed 2.7 million times in the first week and received favorable comments from the media.

In the 2009 comedy Labor Pains, Lohan plays a woman who pretends to be pregnant. During the shoot, Lohan's manager worked with the paparazzi to encourage the media to show her working, as opposed to partying. It was originally planned for a theatrical release, but instead appeared as a TV movie on the ABC Family cable channel in July 2009, "a setback for the star" according to Variety. The premiere received 2.1 million viewers, "better-than-average" for the channel according to E! Online. Joanna Weiss of The Boston Globe commented that Lohan "looks to be coasting through a part that requires little effort, anyway". Alessandra Stanley of the New York Times said "this is not a triumphant return of a prodigal child star. ... [Labor Pains] never shakes free of the heavy baggage Ms. Lohan brings to the role".

Lohan was a guest judge on US TV style contest Project Runway sixth season premiere episode, which aired in August 2009.

Also in August 2009, Lohan's home was burglarized by The Bling Ring, a group of fashion-motivated burglars whose ringleader considered Lohan to be their ultimate conquest. Video surveillance of the burglary recorded at Lohan's home played a large role in breaking the case, which ultimately led to the arrests of the group's members.

2010–present

In the aftermath of the Haiti earthquake, Lohan gave fund-raising assistance to the British Red Cross in March 2010 to provide aid for the country. The same month, Lohan commenced legal proceedings in which she sought $100 million from financial services company E-Trade for a television advertisement that Lohan claimed invoked her likeness without her permission. On September 21, 2010, the parties announced they had reached a settlement in the case, the terms of which are confidential. She appeared on British comedy chat show Alan Carr: Chatty Man on March 11, 2010, during which she spoke about her fashion work and her fascination with Marilyn Monroe, and refused to answer questions from host Alan Carr about her sexuality.

Lohan narrated and presented the BBC Three documentary Lindsay Lohan's Indian Journey about human trafficking in India. The program was filmed during a week in India in December 2009 and aired in April 2010. An Indian charity group critiziced Lohan for a Twitter post where she appeared to take credit for one of their raids, but the BBC said it was a misinterpretation. A reviewer for The Times said that rather than highlight trafficking "the spotlight was effectively turned on Lohan and under it she wilted." A review in The Independent found it "very compelling" and said that the inclusion of Lohan was "definitely not a terrible choice. Just a very, very odd one." Lohan said the experience was "truly humbling" and "I hope my presence in India will bring awareness to the really important issues raised in making this film."

In April 2010 Lohan was cast as adult-film performer Linda Lovelace, star of Deep Throat, in the film Inferno. In November, while Lohan was in court mandated rehab, the offer was withdrawn with one producer saying it was impossible to insure her. The co-owner of Dina Lohan's production company said that Lohan had made the decision to leave the movie: "She was definitely not fired." He also said that she is "100 percent insurable." Lohan appears in one sketch in the movie Underground Comedy 2010 . She is dressed up as Marilyn Monroe, while still visibly wearing a SCRAM bracelet, and shoots at paparazzi photographers. As of September 2010, the movie was still seeking a distributor.

In May 2010, Lohan did not appear for a scheduled DUI progress report hearing. The judge issued a bench warrant for Lohan's arrest, but rescinded the warrant after Lohan's representatives posted bail. Lohan's lawyer said her passport was stolen while she attended the Cannes Film Festival in France. At a rescheduled hearing on May 24, 2010 Lohan was ordered to attend weekly alcohol education classes, wear an alcohol-monitoring bracelet, refrain from drinking alcohol, and undergo random weekly drug tests to remain free on bail.

In June 2010, Lohan made an appearance on the Bravo television series Double Exposure. She also gave an interview to The Sydney Morning Herald that month, telling the paper "I'm still young and I'm still learning but that doesn't mean that what they say is true, that I'm getting messed up and all this crazy stuff and that I'm constantly partying or whatever."

At a July 6 probation revocation hearing, the judge determined that Lohan had violated the terms of her probation and sentenced her to 90 days in jail, starting July 20; in addition, the judge ordered Lohan to check into an inpatient rehab program for three months after her release from jail. On July 20, Lohan appeared in court and was taken into custody to begin her jail term. She was released on August 2 after serving 14 days of the sentence. The short term served was due to a policy of early release of non-violent offenders to reduce jail overcrowding. She was immediately taken to an inpatient rehabilitation facility where she was expected to stay another 90 days. However, on August 24 Lohan was released after only 23 days. Her lawyer stated that "the treating doctors at UCLA felt she had done everything required of her there." Lohan continued with mandatory outpatient therapy but was able to resume work. She was ordered to submit to random drug and alcohol screenings and attend psychotherapy and behavior therapy twice a week, as well as five 12-step sessions a week. The judge said that any failure to attend the sessions or to pass the drug tests could result in a 30-day jail sentence. A new hearing was scheduled for November 1, until which time Lohan was required to remain in Los Angeles.

Robert Rodriguez's action exploitation film Machete opened on September 3, 2010. Lohan filmed her scenes for the movie in August and September 2009. She plays April, the spoiled daughter of a wealthy businessman. Her character takes drugs, is naked in much of her appearance and later dons a nuns habit while toting a machine gun. The Washington Post described Lohan's character as "a campier, trampier version of herself – or at least her tabloid image". Premiere.com said she was "terrible" while Variety called it "her best work in some time." Eric D. Snider from Film.com said all three main actresses in the film did "laughably flat performances" but also questioned if it was due to Rodriguez's direction. Because of her rehabilitation and legal engagements Lohan did not participate in promotion of the movie or appear at the L.A. premiere.

On September 24 Lohan's probation was revoked following a failed drug test. She spent part of the day in jail before being released on bail. A few days later she entered the Betty Ford Center, a drug and alcohol treatment center, where she remained on court order for three months until early January 2011.

On February 9, 2011, Lohan was charged with the theft of a necklace reported stolen from a jewelry store in January. She was sentenced to 120 days in prison and 480 hours of community service for misdemeanor theft and probation violation, to which she pled no contest. Due to jail overcrowding, Lohan served the sentence under house arrest, wearing a tracking ankle monitor, for 35 days between May 26 and June 29. While under house arrest, Lohan failed a random alcohol test. A judge decided it did not constitute a probation violation and Lohan would receive no additional punishment.

In April 2011, it was announced that Lohan has signed on to appear opposite John Travolta in the upcoming movie Gotti: Three Generations. She was cast to play Kim Gotti, wife of New York City mobster John Gotti Jr.. Production is planned to start in fall 2011. Lohan is also set to appear in Mob Street from the same production team, based on a screenplay by Chazz Palminteri.

Filmography

+ Film roles
Year	Title	Role	Notes
1998		Hallie Parker / Annie James	Remake of the 1961 film of The Parent Trap (1961 film)
2000	[[Life-Size	Casey Stuart	Television film
2002	Get a Clue	Alexandra "Lexy" Gold	Disney Channel Original Movie
2003		Anna Coleman	Remake MTV Movie Award for Breakthrough Female Performance Teen Choice Award for Choice Hissy Fit Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Breakout Star Nominated—Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Feature Film – Leading Young Actress
2004	Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen	Mary Elizabeth "Lola" Cep
2004	Mean Girls	Cady Heron	MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Team Teen Choice Award for Choice Actress – Comedy Teen Choice Award for Choice Blush Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Breakout Star Nominated—Best Young ActressNominated—Kids Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actress Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Chemistry Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Liar
2005	Herbie: Fully Loaded	Maggie Peyton	Kids Choice Awards
2006		Ashley Albright	Nominated—[[Teen Choice Awards
2006		Lola Johnson
2006	[[The Holiday	Herself	Cameo appearance
2006		Diane Howser
2007	Georgia Rule	Rachel Wilcox
2007	I Know Who Killed Me	Aubrey Flemming / Dakota Moss
2008	Chapter 27	Jude Hanson
2009	Labor Pains	Thea Clayhill	ABC Family Original Movie
2010		April Booth
2011	Underground Comedy	Marilyn

+ Television
! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1996		Alli Fowler	Soap Opera
2000		Rose Midler	"Pilot" (Season 1, Episode 1)
2004	King of the Hill	Jenny Medina	"Talking Shop" (Season 8, Episode 22)
2005	That '70s Show	Danielle
2008	Ugly Betty	Kimmie Keegan	"[[Jump (Ugly Betty)

Discography

Speak (2004)

A Little More Personal (Raw) (2005)

Awards

References

; General

; Specific

External links

Category:1986 births Category:Living people Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors Category:Actors from New York Category:American child actors Category:American child singers Category:American documentary filmmakers Category:American female models Category:American female singers Category:American film actors Category:American musicians of Irish descent Category:American musicians of Italian descent Category:American people of Italian descent Category:American pop singers Category:American pop singer-songwriters Category:American soap opera actors Category:American television actors Category:Motown artists Category:Musicians from New York City Category:People from Hempstead (town), New York Category:People from Suffolk County, New York Category:People self-identifying as alcoholics Category:People self-identifying as substance abusers Category:Universal Records artists

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