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Twizel /ˈtwaɪzəl/ is a town in the
Mackenzie District, in
New Zealand's South Island. Its residential population is 1,
110 but in summer the population more than triples.
History
The present town was built in
1968 as a greenfields project to service the Upper
Waitaki Hydroelectricity Scheme. The scheme consisted of 50 km of canals, two dams, and four powerhouses (
Tekapo B,
Ohau A, Ohau B and Ohau C) producing 848 MW of electricity. At the height of the project in the
1970s, had a population peaked of around 6,
000.
The town was laid out in a 'Scandinavian' fashion, featuring looping roads and pedestrian ways, making it usually far more direct to walk than use a car. Shops, school, and recreational parkland formed a hub in the centre of the town, around which the residential area were built. A previous version of this layout had been tried at
Otematata. Accommodation was highly segregated: in addition to single men's quarters in the middle of town, there was a series of different houses available, with the smallest for workers, staff houses for teachers and professionals, and the largest for engineers and other high-status residents.
As the intention was for the town to revert to farmland, there were many 'temporary' features. For example, instead of putting in kerbing, channels, and footpaths at the edge of the road, a single expanse of seal was contoured in a very flat 'W' shape: the seal was highest at the outer edge (footpath) and in the middle (centreline), with a lower area serving as a channel and delineation between the roadway and footpath.
Likewise, most of the town's telephone local loop is strung above ground to save the task of burying and then removing the lines. Most houses were prefabricated, and intended to be portable. Some were brought from Otematata, and some were later moved to
Clyde for the next hydroelectricity project. However in
1983, as the hydroelectric project was winding up, residents successfully fought to save the town itself.
Industries
Twizel is a now a service and tourist town for visitors. Nearby
Lake Ruataniwha supports sailing, water skiing and prominent rowing events such as the
Maadi Cup, while the Ohau
Skifield and the
Round Hill Ski
Area attract winter tourists.
The area boasts one of the world's cleanest, driest and darkest skies, and has long drawn astronomers to Twizel and the surrounding area, with several existing astro-tourism ventures, such as at
Lake Tekapo and
Omarama, catering to their needs during the development of two additional observatories in Twizel and at
Mount Cook Village. Since
2012, Twizel has been a part of the
Aoraki Mackenzie International Dark-Sky Reserve, one of only five such reserves in the world recognised by the
International Dark-Sky Association.
Education
Twizel Area School is the sole school in Twizel, catering for
Year 1 to 13 students (ages 5 to 18). Established in
1986 following the merger of Twizel
Primary School and Twizel
High School, the school has a roll of 182 students as of
March 2014.
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- published: 22 Apr 2014
- views: 1723