Club Atlético Peñarol (Spanish pronunciation: [kluβ atˈletiko peɲaˈɾol] ( listen), from Latinpinarolium: pinewood; English: Peñarol Athletic Club) also known as Carboneros, Aurinegros and familiarly as Manya, is an Uruguayan sports club based in the Peñarol barrio, Montevideo, best known for its professional football team. The team plays their home matches in Estadio Centenario, the largest stadium in the country, but also own a private stadium called Estadio Contador Damiani. The club holds long-standing rivalries with other football clubs, most notably Nacional, with matches between the two teams referred to as "El Clásico del Fútbol Uruguayo". The word "Peñarol" in the club's name is the Castellan translation to the Latin term for pinewood, pinarolium; its Italian translation was used for Pinerolo, a town and comune in north-western Italy in the region of Piemonte. Subsequently, the Peñarol barrio was founded and named after the Piemontesi town.

Peñarol is the successor club of Central Uruguay Railway Cricket Club, which was founded on September 28, 1891 by British railway workers. The club has since established itself as a major force in both Uruguayan and South American football. Penarol have won a record 48 Primera División titles. They were also the first ever winner of the Copa Libertadores, defeating Club Olimpia during the 1960 final series. Since then, they have accumulated four more Libertadores titles, three Intercontinental Cups, and one Supercopa de Campeones Intercontinentales. According to the IFFHS' all-time ranking published in 2009, Peñarol were Uruguay's best club and the most successful South American club of the 20th century.