Gaunilo (or Gaunilon) of Marmoutiers was an 11th-century Benedictine monk, best known for his criticism of St Anselm's ontological argument for the existence of God. His thesis On Behalf of the Fool takes its name from the fools mentioned in Psalms 14:1 and Psalms 53:1, who say in their hearts that there is no God. Anselm referred to them in developing his ontological argument in the Proslogion.

Gaunilo contends that St. Anselm's ontological argument fails because logic of the same kind would force one to conclude many things exist which it is certain do not. Like an empiricist, Gaunilo thought that the human intellect is able to comprehend only what information it is provided by sensible experience. Little beyond this essay is known of Gaunilo; no other extant writings bear his name.

Anselm claimed his ontological argument as proof of the existence of God, whom he described as that being for which no greater can be conceived. A god that does not exist cannot be that than which no greater can be conceived, as existence would make it greater. Thus, according to St. Anselm, the concept of God necessarily entails His existence. He denies Gaunilo a Godless epistemology.

Tiziano Manca (born on June 27, 1970) is an Italian composer of contemporary classical music.

Born in Squinzano, Italy, Tiziano Manca attended the Faculty of Philosophy and the Conservatory in Florence, studying Electronic Music and Composition with Romano Pezzati and Salvatore Sciarrino. He undertook also further studies in conducting with Piero Bellugi.

In 2001 he was composer-in-residence in Japan (Akiyoshidai International Art Village), in 2001–2002 in Royaumont (Paris) and in 2002–2003 at the Akademie Schloss Solitude (Stuttgart).

His music has been performed in Amsterdam (Gaudeamus Music Week), Anvers (Ars Musica), Stuttgart (Theaterhaus), Darmstadt (Ferienkurse), Lucerne (Lucerne Festival), Paris (Théâtre Dunois, Abbaye de Royaumont), Lille (Opera), Stuttgart (Theaterhaus), Berlin (Konzerthaus) and Japan (Akiyoshidai International Art Village).