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• Carbon emissions trading
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• Central England temperature a set of monthly records dating back to the seventeenth century
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Cet may mean:

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Jacques Prévert
Jacques Prévert in 1961
Born	(1900-02-04)4 February 1900 Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
Died	11 April 1977(1977-04-11) (aged 77) Omonville-la-Petite, France
Occupation	Poet, Screenwriter
Genres	Poetry
Literary movement	Surrealism, Symbolism
Signature

Jacques Prévert (French pronunciation: [ʒak pʁeˈvɛʁ]; 4 February 1900 – 11 April 1977) was a French poet and screenwriter. His poems became and remain very popular in the French-speaking world, particularly in schools. Some of the movies he wrote are extremely well regarded, with Les Enfants du Paradis considered one of the greatest films of all time.^[1][2]

Life and education[link]

Prévert was born at Neuilly-sur-Seine and grew up in Paris. After receiving his Certificat d'études upon completing his primary education, he quit school and went to work in Le Bon Marché, a major department store in Paris. Called up for military service in 1918, after the war, he was sent to the Near East to defend French interests there.

Grave

He died in Omonville-la-Petite, on 11 April 1977. He had been working on the last scene of the animated movie Le Roi et l'oiseau (The King and the Mockingbird) with his friend and collaborator Paul Grimault. When the film was released in 1980, it was dedicated to Prévert's memory, and on opening night, Grimault kept the seat next to him empty.

Poetry[link]

Prévert participated actively in the Surrealist movement.^[1] Together with the writer Raymond Queneau and artist Marcel Duchamp, he was a member of the Rue du Château group.^[3] He was also a member of the agitprop Groupe Octobre.

Prévert's poems were collected and published in his books: Paroles (Words) (1946), Spectacle (1951), La Pluie et le beau temps (Rain and Good Weather) (1955), Histoires (Stories) (1963), Fatras (1971) and Choses et autres (Things and Others) (1973).

His poems are often about life in Paris and life after the Second World War. They are widely taught in schools in France and frequently appear in French language textbooks throughout the world.

Some of Prévert's poems, such as "Les Feuilles mortes" (Autumn Leaves), "La grasse matinée" (Sleeping in), "Les bruits de la nuit" (The sounds of the night), and "Chasse à l'enfant" (The hunt for the child) were set to music by Joseph Kosma—and in some cases by Germaine Tailleferre of Les six, Christiane Verger, and Hanns Eisler. They have been sung by prominent 20th century French vocalists, including Marianne Oswald, Yves Montand, and Édith Piaf, as well as by the later American singers Joan Baez and Nat King Cole. In 1961, French singer-songwriter Serge Gainsbourg paid tribute to "Les feuilles mortes" in his own song "La chanson de Prévert."^[4]

More recently, the British remix DJ's Coldcut released their own version in 1993. A German version has been published and covered by Didier Caesar (alias Dieter Kaiser), which he named "Das welke Laub". "Les feuilles mortes" also bookends Iggy Pop's 2009 album, Préliminaires.

Film[link]

Prévert wrote a number of screenplays for the film director Marcel Carné. Among the films were Drôle de drame (Bizarre, Bizarre, 1937), Quai des brumes (Port of Shadows, 1938), Le Jour se lève (Daybreak, 1939), Les Visiteurs du soir (The Night Visitors, 1942) and Les Enfants du paradis (The Children of Paradise, 1945). The latter often appears on critics' lists of the greatest films of all time.

His poems were the basis for a film by the director and documentarian Joris Ivens, La Seine a rencontré Paris (The Seine Meets Paris, 1957), about the River Seine. The poem was read as narration during the film by singer Serge Reggiani.^[5]

Prévert had a long working relationship with Paul Grimault, also a member of Groupe Octobre. Together they wrote the screenplays of a number of animated movies, starting with the short "Le Petit Soldat" ("The Little Soldier") in 1947. They worked together until his death in 1977, when he was finishing "Le Roi et l'Oiseau" ("The King and the Bird").

Prévert adapted several Hans Christian Andersen tales into animated or mixed live-action/animated movies, often in versions loosely connected to the original. Two of these were with Grimault, including "Le Roi et l'Oiseau", which is considered one of the greatest animated films of all time, while one was with his brother Pierre Prévert.

Books[link]

• Paroles (1946)
• Le Petit Lion, illustrated by Ylla (1947, reprinted 1984)
• Contes pour enfants pas sages (Tales for naughty children) (1947)
• Des Bêtes, illustrated by Ylla (1950, reprinted 1984)
• Spectacle (1951)
• Grand bal du printemps, with photographs by Izis Bidermanas (1951)
• Lettre des îles Baladar (Letter from the Baladar Islands) (1952)
• Tour de chant (1953)
• La pluie et le beau temps (Rain and sunshine) (1955)
• Histoires (1963) (Stories)
• Les Halles: L'Album du Coeur de Paris, with photographs by Romain Urhausen (Editions des Deux Mondes, 1963)
• Le Cirque d'Izis, with photographs by Izis Bidermanas and original artwork by Marc Chagall (André Sauret, 1965)
• Fatras (1966)
• Charmes de Londres, with photographs by Izis Bidermanas (Editions de Monza, 1999)

Selected filmography[link]

Prévert wrote the scenarios and sometimes the dialogue in the following films:

• Le Crime de monsieur Lange (1935)
• Drôle de drame (1937)
• Quai des brumes (1938)
• Les Disparus de Saint-Agil (1938)
• Le Jour se lève (1939)
• Remorques (1941)
• Les Visiteurs du soir (1942)
• Les Enfants du paradis (1945)
• Les Portes de la nuit (1945)
• Le Petit Soldat (The Little Soldier) (short animated film, 1947), with Paul Grimault, after The Steadfast Tin Soldier by Hans Christian Andersen
• La Bergère et le ramoneur (The Shepherdess and the Chimney Sweep) (animated film, 1953), with Paul Grimault after tale by Hans Christian Andersen, later revised and finished as Le Roi et l'oiseau
• Le Petit Claus et le Grand Claus, by Pierre Prévert, after the tale Little Claus and Big Claus by Hans Christian Andersen (live action and animation, 1964)
• Le diamant (The diamond) (short animated film, 1970), with Paul Grimault, complement to L'Aveu of Costa-Gavras
• Le Chien mélomane (The Music-Loving Dog) (short animated film, 1973), with Paul Grimault
• Le Roi et l'oiseau (animated film, 1980), with Paul Grimault

See also[link]

• Le Monde's 100 Books of the Century, a list which includes Paroles

References[link]

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jacques Prévert

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (March 2010)

April March (born Elinor Blake on April 20, 1965) is an American singer-songwriter who sings in English and French. She is widely known for the song "Chick Habit", which was featured in the films But I'm a Cheerleader and Death Proof.^[1]

She has also been a cartoon animator, including a stint as a principal animator for the Ren and Stimpy show.

She is married to Warren Zanes, musician and former Vice-President of Education at the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, in Cleveland, Ohio, and has two sons [1].

Biography[link]

As a child, Blake became fascinated with France, and in junior high participated in an exchange program in France. She graduated from Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts in 1983, after which she moved back to New York City to become a cartoon animator. March worked as an animator for Archie Comics and Pee Wee's Playhouse; in 1986 she worked on the Madonna feature Who's That Girl, animating the star in the title sequence and the contemporaneous music video. Her first band, The Pussywillows, was formed in 1987; March took a year off to attend the Disney-founded Character Animation program at the California Institute of the Arts. In 1991 the Pussywillows broke up and March formed The Shitbirds, which lasted until 1995. Since then, March has recorded as a solo artist, and has appeared on some motion picture soundtracks, as well as performing the theme song for the Cartoon Network series I Am Weasel.

Her albums contain songs sung in both English and French, and her style is heavily influenced by French 1960s pop music.

Her best known work is the English translation of the Serge Gainsbourg song, "Laisse tomber les filles", renamed as "Chick Habit." The song has since been featured in the 1999 campy teen comedy But I'm a Cheerleader, and was brought to wider audiences in Quentin Tarantino's 2007 film Death Proof; it was also used as the backing music to television advertisements for the Renault Twingo in the UK and in France in 2008.

March has recently collaborated in the U.S. with the Dust Brothers, and in France with Bertrand Burgalat. Her latest album, a collaboration with Steve Hanft, is called Magic Monsters. It became available via iTunes, Amazon.com, and other digital music distributors on 22 April 2008. The album is available on vinyl format on the label Martyrs of Pop.

Discography[link]

Albums[link]

• Gainsbourgsion ! (1994) - France only
• Paris In April (1995)
• Superbanyair (1997) - Japan only
• April March Sings Along With The Makers (1997) - Collaboration with The Makers
• Lessons Of April March (1998) - Compilation
• April March and Los Cincos (1998)
• Chrominance Decoder (1999)
• Triggers (2002)
• Magic Monsters (2008) - Collaboration with Steve Hanft

EPs[link]

• Voodoo Doll (1993)
• An April March (1994)
• Chick Habit (1995)
• April March and Los Cincos Featuring The Choir (1997) - Japan only limited edition. Features Petra Hayden and Bennett.
• Dans les yeux d'April March (1999) - France only. Limited edition Tricatel Club Release. Pressed on 10" translucent white vinyl.

Singles[link]

• "Sometimes When I Stretch" (2003)
• "Jesus And I Love You" (1998) - Orgazmo Soundtrack

References[link]

External links[link]

• April March at the Internet Movie Database
• April March at Allmusic

Serge Reggiani (2 May 1922 – 23 July 2004) was an Italian-born French singer and actor. He was born in Reggio Emilia, Italy and moved to France with his parents at the age of eight. For many years, he struggled with alcoholism, caused in part by the 1980 suicide of his son Stephan.

After acting school (Conservatoire des arts cinématographiques) he was discovered by Jean Cocteau and appeared in a wartime production of Les Parents terribles ("The Terrible Parents"). During World War II, he left Paris to join the French resistance.

His first feature film came in 1946 with his role in Les portes de la nuit ("Gates of the Night"). He later went on to perform in 80 films including Casque d'or, Les Misérables (1958),Tutti a casa, Le Doulos, Il Gattopardo, La terrazza, The Pianist (1998).

In spite of never quite reaching the peak with his acting career, he did triumph in the theatre in 1959 with his performance in Jean-Paul Sartre’s play Les Séquestrés d'Altona. In the meantime, though, in 1965 he began a second career, that of a singer (at the age of 43), with the help of Simone Signoret and her husband Yves Montand and later with great assistance of the French diva Barbara. Reggiani became one of the most acclaimed performers of French "Chanson" ("song") and although he was in his 40s, his bad-boy rugged image made him popular with both young and older listeners.

His best known songs include Les loups sont entrés dans Paris ("The Wolves Have Entered Paris") and Sarah (La femme qui est dans mon lit) ("The Woman Who Is In My Bed"), the latter written by Georges Moustaki. However, one of his regular songwriters throughout his career was Boris Vian (Le Déserteur, Arthur où t'as mis le corps, La Java des bombes atomiques). His new young fans identified with his left-wing ideals and antimilitarism, most notably during the 1968 student revolts in France. With age he became more and more acclaimed as one of the best interpreters of the French chanson also bringing the poetry of Rimbaud, Apollinaire and Prévert closer to his audience. In 1995, he made a comeback to the singing stage, giving a few concerts despite his deteriorated health and personal distress, the last one being held as late as in the year of his death, in spring of 2004.

In later life he became a painter and gave a number of exhibitions of his artwork.

Serge Reggiani died in Paris of a heart attack at the age of 82, one day after the death of another well known French singer Sacha Distel. He is interred in Montparnasse Cemetery.

Selected filmography[link]

• Le voyageur de la Toussaint (1943)
• Casque d'or (1952)
• The Secret People (1952)
• Act of Love, aka Un acte d'amour (1953)
• Napoléon (1955)
• The Stowaway (1958)
• Paris Blues (1961)
• Le Doulos (1962)
• Trois milliards sans ascenseur (1972)
• Il y a des jours... et des lunes (1990)

External links[link]

Biography portal

• Biography (French)
• Serge Reggiani at the Internet Movie Database
• Serge Reggiani at Find a Grave

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