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Costumed performers from the 2006 Bristol Renaissance Faire.

Yarkand ladies' summer fashions. 1870s

The term costume can refer to wardrobe and dress in general, or to the distinctive style of dress of a particular people, class, or period. Costume may also refer to the artistic arrangement of accessories in a picture, statue, poem, or play, appropriate to the time, place, or other circumstances represented or described, or to a particular style of clothing worn to portray the wearer as a character or type of character other than their regular persona at a social event such as a masquerade, a fancy dress party or in an artistic theatrical performance.

Major categories[link]

Theatrical costume[link]

Costume used in yakshagana-a theater art from India.

One of the more prominent places people see costumes is in theatre, film and on television. In combination with other aspects, theatrical costumes can help actors portray characters' age, gender role, profession, social class, personality, ethnicity, and even information about the historical period/era, geographic location and time of day, as well as the season or weather of the theatrical performance. Often, stylized theatrical costumes can exaggerate some aspect of a character; for example Harlequin and Pantaloon in the Commedia dell'arte.

Schools and costumes[link]

Today costuming has become popular with the rise of school theatre programs. These programs in schools everywhere need a wide variety of clothes suited for the many productions they put on each year. Budget is always an issue with this type of theatre, however if the theatre teacher is dedicated enough to the performance, he or she can find all sorts of ways to put the production together with a reasonable budget.

National costume[link]

National costume or regional costume expresses local (or exiled) identity and emphasises a culture's unique attributes. It is often a source of national pride. Examples of such are a Scotsman in a kilt or a Japanese person in a kimono.

Holidays and festivals[link]

A traditional, European-style Santa suit

The wearing of costumes has become an important part of such holidays and festivals as Mardi Gras and Halloween (see Halloween costume for more information), and (to a lesser extent) people may also wear costumes in conjunction with other holidays, such as Christmas and Easter. Mardi Gras costumes usually take the form of jesters and other fantasy characters, while Halloween costumes traditionally take the form of supernatural creatures such as ghosts, vampires, pop culture icons and angels. Christmas and Easter costumes typically portray mythical characters such as Santa Claus (by donning a santa suit and beard) or the Easter Bunny by putting on an animal costume. Costumes may serve to portray various other characters during secular holidays, such as an Uncle Sam costume worn on the Independence day for example.

In Judaism, a common practice is to dress up on Purim. The Jews celebrate the change of their destiny. They were delivered from being the victims of an evil decree against them and were instead allowed by the King to destroy their enemies. A quote from the Book of Esther, which says: "On the contrary" (hebrew: ונהפוך הוא ) is the reason that wearing a costume has become so popular among the Jews on this holiday.

Children[link]

Costumes also serve as an avenue for children to explore and roleplay. Children can dress up in various forms; for example characters from history or fiction like pirates, princesses or cowboys, common jobs like nurses or police officers, or animals such as those seen in zoos or farms.

Children's Costumes Photo Gallery

Mascots[link]

Another very popular situation where costumes are employed are for sporting events, where people dressed as their team's representative mascot help the club or team rally round their team's cause. Animal costumes which are visually very similar to mascot costumes are also popular among the members of the furry fandom where they are referred to as fursuits that match ones animal persona, or fursona.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Costumes

Paula Fernandes
Background information
Birth name	Paula Fernandes de Souza
Born	(1984-08-28) August 28, 1984 (age 27)
Origin	Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Genres	Sertanejo, country
Instruments	Vocals and classical guitar
Years active	1993-present
Labels	Universal Music Brasil
Website	Official website

Paula Fernandes de Souza^[1] (born August 28, 1984^[2]) is a Brazilian sertanejo and country singer.

Biography[link]

Born in Sete Lagoas, Minas Gerais, she lived in a farm in Serra do Cipó with her parents and her younger brother.^[1] Paula Fernandes started singing when she was eight years-old, releasing her first album two years later.^[3] Her second album, named Ana Rayo, was released in 1995, and was inspired by the Ana Raio e Zé Trovão telenovela.^[3] Paula Fernandes went to the college to study Geography in Belo Horizonte when she was 18 years-old, singing in bars during that time.^[4] She recorded one of the theme songs of Rede Globo's telenovela América, named Ave Maria Natureza, releasing the album Canções do Vento Sul soon after that.^[3] Paula Fernandes was nominated as Best Popular Singer in the Prêmio Tim de Música Brasileira award for that album.^[4] The song Jeito do Mato, from her album Pássaro de Fogo was the theme music of the telenovela Paraíso, and her version of Ivete Sangalo's song Quando a Chuva Passar was the main theme music of the telenovela Escrito nas Estrelas.^[3] Paula Fernandes released her first DVD in October 2010,^[3] and participated in two Rede Globo special shows, which were the Roberto Carlos' end of the year show, broadcast on December 25, 2010, and Show da Virada, broadcast during the New Year's Day, on December 31, 2010.^[3] Her live album, Paula Fernandes - Ao Vivo, released in 2011, placed in the 2011 top sellers albums, selling 2,000,000 copies.^[5]

Discography[link]

Studio albums[link]

Singles[link]

• "Meu Eu em Você" "My Me in You"
• "Pássaro de Fogo" "Fire Bird"
• "Jeito de Mato" "Woods Ways"
• "Quando a Chuva Passar" "When the Rain is Over"
• "Pra Você" "For You"
• "Não Precisa" "There's No Need"
• "Sensações" "Sensations"
• "Long Live" (Taylor Swift featuring Paula Fernandes)

[edit] References

External links[link]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Paula Fernandes

• (Portuguese) Official website
• Paula Fernandes at the Internet Movie Database