List of adrenergic drugs
This is a list of adrenergic drugs. These are pharmaceutical drugs, naturally occurring compounds and other chemicals that influence the function of the neurotransmitter epinephrine (adrenaline).
Contents |
Receptor ligands [edit]
α1-adrenergic receptor ligands [edit]
Agonists [edit]
Amidephrine • Anisodamine • Anisodine • Cirazoline • Dipivefrine • Dopamine • Ephedrine • Epinephrine (adrenaline) • Etilefrine • Ethylnorepinephrine • 5-Fluoronorepinephrine • 6-Fluoronorepinephrine • Indanidine • Levonordefrin • Metaraminol • Methoxamine • Methyldopa • Midodrine • Naphazoline • Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) • Octopamine • Oxymetazoline • Phenylephrine • Phenylpropanolamine • Pseudoephedrine • Synephrine • Tetrahydrozoline
Antagonists [edit]
Abanoquil • Adimolol • Ajmalicine • Alfuzosin • Amosulalol • Arotinolol • Atiprosin • Benoxathian • Buflomedil • Bunazosin • Carvedilol • CI-926 • Corynanthine • Dapiprazole • DL-017 • Domesticine • Doxazosin • Eugenodilol • Fenspiride • GYKI-12,743 • GYKI-16,084 • Indoramin • Ketanserin • L-765,314 • Labetalol • Mephendioxan • Metazosin • Monatepil • Moxisylyte (thymoxamine) • Naftopidil • Nantenine • Neldazosin • Nicergoline • Niguldipine • Pelanserin • Phendioxan • Phenoxybenzamine • Phentolamine • Piperoxan • Prazosin • Quinazosin • Ritanserin • RS-97,078 • SGB-1,534 • Silodosin • SL-89.0591 • Spiperone • Talipexole • Tamsulosin • Terazosin • Tibalosin • Tiodazosin • Tipentosin • Tolazoline • Trimazosin • Upidosin • Urapidil • Zolertine
Many tricyclic antidepressants, tetracyclic antidepressants, antipsychotics, ergolines, and some piperazines like buspirone, trazodone, nefazodone, etoperidone, and mepiprazole antagonize α1-adrenergic receptors as well, which contributes to their side effects such as orthostatic hypotension.
α2-adrenergic receptor ligands [edit]
Agonists [edit]
Amitraz • Apraclonidine • Brimonidine • Cannabivarin • Clonidine • Detomidine • Dexmedetomidine • Dihydroergotamine • Dipivefrine • Dopamine • Ephedrine • Ergotamine • Epinephrine (adrenaline) • Esproquin • Etilefrine • Ethylnorepinephrine • 6-Fluoronorepinephrine • Guanabenz • Guanfacine • Guanoxabenz • Levonordefrin • Lofexidine • Medetomidine • Methyldopa • Mivazerol • Naphazoline • 4-NEMD • (R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline • Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) • Phenylpropanolamine • Piperoxan • Pseudoephedrine • Rilmenidine • Romifidine • Talipexole • Tetrahydrozoline • Tizanidine • Tolonidine • Urapidil • Xylazine • Xylometazoline
Antagonists [edit]
Adimolol • Aptazapine • Atipamezole • BRL-44408 • Buflomedil • Cirazoline • Efaroxan • Esmirtazapine • Fenmetozole • Fluparoxan • GYKI-12,743 • GYKI-16,084 • Idazoxan • Mianserin • Mirtazapine • MK-912 • NAN-190 • Olanzapine • Phentolamine • Phenoxybenzamine • Piperoxan • Piribedil • Pyrimidinylpiperazine • Rauwolscine • Rotigotine • SB-269,970 • Setiptiline • Spiroxatrine • Sunepitron • Tolazoline • Yohimbine
Many atypical antipsychotics and azapirones like buspirone and gepirone (via metabolite pyrimidinylpiperazine) antagonize α2-adrenergic receptors as well.
β-adrenergic receptor ligands [edit]
Agonists [edit]
Abediterol • Amibegron • Arbutamine • Arformoterol • Arotinolol • Bambuterol • Befunolol • Bitolterol • Bromoacetylalprenololmenthane (BAAM) • Broxaterol • Buphenine • Carbuterol • Cimaterol • Clenbuterol • Denopamine • Deterenol • Dipivefrine • Dobutamine • Dopamine • Dopexamine • Ephedrine • Epinephrine (adrenaline) • Etafedrine • Etilefrine • Ethylnorepinephrine • Fenoterol • 2-Fluoronorepinephrine • 5-Fluoronorepinephrine • Formoterol • Hexoprenaline • Higenamine • Indacaterol • Isoetarine • Isoprenaline (isoproterenol) • N-Isopropyloctopamine • Isoxsuprine • Labetalol • Levonordefrin • Levosalbutamol • Mabuterol • Methoxyphenamine • Methyldopa • Norepinephrine (noradrenaline) • Orciprenaline • Oxyfedrine • Phenylpropanolamine • Pirbuterol • Prenalterol • Ractopamine • Procaterol • Pseudoephedrine • Reproterol • Rimiterol • Ritodrine • Salbutamol (albuterol) • Salmeterol • Solabegron • Terbutaline • Tretoquinol • Tulobuterol • Xamoterol • Zilpaterol • Zinterol
Antagonists [edit]
Acebutolol • Adaprolol • Adimolol • Afurolol • Alprenolol • Alprenoxime • Amosulalol • Ancarolol • Arnolol • Arotinolol • Atenolol • Befunolol • Betaxolol • Bevantolol • Bisoprolol • Bopindolol • Bormetolol • Bornaprolol • Brefonalol • Bucindolol • Bucumolol • Bufetolol • Buftiralol • Bufuralol • Bunitrolol • Bunolol • Bupranolol • Burocrolol • Butaxamine • Butidrine • Butofilolol • Capsinolol • Carazolol • Carpindolol • Carteolol • Carvedilol • Celiprolol • Cetamolol • Cicloprolol • Cinamolol • Cloranolol • Cyanopindolol • Dalbraminol • Dexpropranolol • Diacetolol • Dichloroisoprenaline • Dihydroalprenolol • Dilevalol • Diprafenone • Draquinolol • Dropranolol • Ecastolol • Epanolol • Ericolol • Ersentilide • Esatenolol • Esmolol • Esprolol • Eugenodilol • Exaprolol • Falintolol • Flestolol • Flusoxolol • Hydroxycarteolol • Hydroxytertatolol • ICI-118,551 • Idropranolol • Indenolol • Indopanolol • Iodocyanopindolol • Iprocrolol • Isoxaprolol • Isamoltane • Labetalol • Landiolol • Levobetaxolol • Levobunolol • Levocicloprolol • Levomoprolol • Medroxalol • Mepindolol • Metalol • Metipranolol • Metoprolol • Moprolol • Nadolol • Nadoxolol • Nafetolol • Nebivolol • Neraminol • Nifenalol • Nipradilol • Oberadilol • Oxprenolol • Pacrinolol • Pafenolol • Pamatolol • Pargolol • Parodilol • Penbutolol • Penirolol • PhQA-33 • Pindolol • Pirepolol • Practolol • Primidolol • Procinolol • Pronethalol • Propafenone • Propranolol • Ridazolol • Ronactolol • Soquinolol • Sotalol • Spirendolol • SR 59230A • Sulfinalol • TA-2005 • Talinolol • Tazolol • Teoprolol • Tertatolol • Terthianolol • Tienoxolol • Tilisolol • Timolol • Tiprenolol • Tolamolol • Toliprolol • Tribendilol • Trigevolol • Xibenolol • Xipranolol
Reuptake inhibitors [edit]
Norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibitors [edit]
Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Amedalin • Atomoxetine (tomoxetine) • Ciclazindol • Daledalin • Esreboxetine • Lortalamine • Mazindol • Nisoxetine • Reboxetine • Talopram • Talsupram • Tandamine • Viloxazine
Norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors: Amineptine • Bupropion (amfebutamone) • Fencamine • Fencamfamine • Lefetamine • Levophacetoperane • LR-5182 • Manifaxine • Methylphenidate • Nomifensine • O-2172 • Radafaxine
Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: Bicifadine • Desvenlafaxine • Duloxetine • Eclanamine • Levomilnacipran • Milnacipran • Sibutramine • Venlafaxine
Serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitors: Brasofensine • Diclofensine • DOV-102,677 • DOV-21,947 • DOV-216,303 • JNJ-7925476 • JZ-IV-10 • Methylnaphthidate • Naphyrone • NS-2359 • PRC200-SS • SEP-225,289 • SEP-227,162 • Tesofensine
Tricyclic antidepressants: Amitriptyline • Butriptyline • Cianopramine • Clomipramine • Desipramine • Dosulepin • Doxepin • Imipramine • Lofepramine • melitracen • Nortriptyline • Protriptyline • Trimipramine
Tetracyclic antidepressants: Amoxapine • Maprotiline • Mianserin • Oxaprotiline • Setiptiline
Others: Cocaine • CP-39,332 • EXP-561 • Fezolamine • Ginkgo biloba • Indeloxazine • Nefazodone • Nefopam • Pridefrine • Tapentadol • Teniloxazine • Tramadol • Ziprasidone
Vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT) inhibitors [edit]
Ibogaine • Reserpine • Tetrabenazine
Releasing agents [edit]
Morpholines: Fenbutrazate • Morazone • Phendimetrazine • Phenmetrazine
Oxazolines: Aminorex • Clominorex • Cyclazodone • Fenozolone • Fluminorex • 4-Methylaminorex • Pemoline • Thozalinone
Phenethylamines (also amphetamines, cathinones, phentermines, etc.): 2-OH-PEA • 4-CAB • 4-FA • 4-FMA • 4-MA • 4-MMA • Alfetamine • Amfecloral • Amfepentorex • Amfepramone • Amphetamine (dextroamphetamine, levoamphetamine) • Amphetaminil • β-Me-PEA • BDB • Benzphetamine • BOH • Buphedrone • Butylone • Cathine • Cathinone • Clobenzorex • Clortermine • D-Deprenyl • Dimethylamphetamine • Dimethylcathinone (dimethylpropion, metamfepramone) • DMA • DMMA • EBDB • Ephedrine • Ethcathinone • Ethylamphetamine • Ethylone • Famprofazone • Fenethylline • Fenproporex • Flephedrone • Fludorex • Furfenorex • Hordenine • IAP • IMP • Lisdexamfetamine • Lophophine • MBDB • MDA (tenamfetamine) • MDEA • MDMA • MDMPEA • MDOH • MDPEA • Mefenorex • Mephedrone • Mephentermine • Methamphetamine (dextromethamphetamine, levomethamphetamine) • Methcathinone • Methedrone • Methylone • NAP • Ortetamine • Paredrine • pBA • pCA • Pentorex (phenpentermine) • Phenethylamine • Pholedrine • Phenpromethamine • Phentermine • Phenylpropanolamine • pIA • Prenylamine • Propylamphetamine • Pseudoephedrine • Selegiline (L-deprenyl) • Tiflorex • Tyramine • Xylopropamine • Zylofuramine
Piperazines: Benzylpiperazine (BZP) • 2,5-Dimethoxy-4-bromobenzylpiperazine (2C-B-BZP) • Methylbenzylpiperazine (MBZP) • Metachlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP) • Methylenedioxybenzylpiperazine (MDBZP) • Methoxyphenylpiperazine (MeOPP) • Parafluorophenylpiperazine (pFPP)
Others: 2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene • 2-Aminoindane • 2-Aminotetralin • 2-Benzylpiperidine • 4-Benzylpiperidine • Clofenciclan • Cyclopentamine • Cypenamine • Cyprodenate • Feprosidnine • Gilutensin • Heptaminol • Hexacyclonate • Indanorex • 5-Iodo-2-aminoindane (5-IAI) • Isometheptene • Methylhexanamine • Octodrine • Phthalimidopropiophenone • Propylhexedrine (levopropylhexedrine) • Tuaminoheptane
Enzyme inhibitors [edit]
Anabolism [edit]
Phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) inhibitors [edit]
Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors [edit]
3-Iodotyrosine • Aquayamycin • Bulbocapnine • Metirosine • Oudenone
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) inhibitors [edit]
Benserazide • Carbidopa • Genistein • Methyldopa
Dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) inhibitors [edit]
Bupicomide • Disulfiram • Dopastin • Fusaric acid • Nepicastat • Phenopicolinic acid • Tropolone
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) inhibitors [edit]
CGS-19281A • SKF-64139 • SKF-7698
Catabolism [edit]
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors [edit]
Nonselective: Benmoxin • Caroxazone • Echinopsidine • Furazolidone • Hydralazine • Indantadol • Iproclozide • Iproniazid • Isocarboxazid • Isoniazid • Linezolid • Mebanazine • Metfendrazine • Nialamide • Octamoxin • Paraxazone • Phenelzine • Pheniprazine • Phenoxypropazine • Pivalylbenzhydrazine • Procarbazine • Safrazine • Tranylcypromine
MAO-A selective: Amiflamine • Bazinaprine • Befloxatone • Befol • Brofaromine • Cimoxatone • Clorgiline • Esuprone • Harmala alkaloids (harmine, harmaline, tetrahydroharmine, harman, norharman, etc.) • Methylene Blue • Metralindole • Minaprine • Moclobemide • Pirlindole • Sercloremine • Tetrindole • Toloxatone • Tyrima
MAO-B selective: D-Deprenyl • Selegiline (L-deprenyl) • Ladostigil • Lazabemide • Milacemide • Mofegiline • Pargyline • Rasagiline • Safinamide
MAO-B inhibitors also influence norepinephrine/epinephrine levels since they inhibit the breakdown of their precursor dopamine.
Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors [edit]
Others [edit]
Precursors [edit]
L-Phenylalanine → L-tyrosine → L-DOPA (levodopa) → dopamine • L-DOPS (droxidopa)
Cofactors [edit]
Ferrous iron (Fe2+) • S-Adenosyl-L-methionine • Vitamin B3 (niacin, nicotinamide → NADPH) • Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine, pyridoxamine, pyridoxal → Pyridoxal phosphate) • Vitamin B9 (folic acid → tetrahydrofolic acid) • Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) • Zinc (Zn2+)
Activity enhancers [edit]
Benzofuranylpropylaminopentane (BPAP) • Phenylpropylaminopentane (PPAP)
Release blockers [edit]
Bethanidine • Bretylium • Guanadrel • Guanazodine • Guanclofine • Guanethidine • Guanoxan
Toxins [edit]
Oxidopamine (6-hydroxydopamine)
References [edit]
This article does not cite any references or sources. (October 2011) |