A mile is a unit of length, most commonly 5,280 feet (1,760 yards, or about 1,609 metres). The mile of 5,280 feet is sometimes called the statute mile or land mile to distinguish it from the nautical mile (1,852 metres, about 6,076.1 feet).^[1] There have also been many historical miles and similar units in other systems that may be translated into English as miles; they have varied in length from 1 to 15 kilometres.

The exact length of the land mile varied slightly among English-speaking countries until an international agreement in 1959 established the yard as exactly 0.9144 metres, giving a mile of exactly 1,609.344 metres. The United States adopted this international mile for most purposes, but retained the pre-1959 mile for some land-survey data, terming it the US survey mile. In the US, statute mile formally refers to the survey mile, about 3.219 mm (⅛ inch) longer than the international mile (the international mile is exactly 0.0002% less than the US survey mile).

Use of the mile as a unit of measurement is now largely confined to the United Kingdom^[2], the United States^[3], and Canada.^{[4][5][6][7][8][9]}

Etymology[link]

The word mile originally derives from the Old English word mīl which in turn was ultimately derived from the Latin word millia meaning "thousand".^[10] The English mile is derived from the Latin mille passuum (one thousand paces) but in other countries the word "mile" (meile in German, mijl in Dutch) was derived from the Latin miliarium spatium (one thousand "intervals").^[11]

Various historic miles/leagues from a German textbook dated 1848 (given in feet, metres and fractions of a meridian

Roman mile[link]

The Romans were first to use the unit of long distance mille passuum (literally "a thousand paces" in Latin, where each pace was two steps). It denoted a distance of 1,000 paces or 5,000 Roman feet, and is estimated to be about 1,479 metres (1,617 yards). This unit, now known as the Roman mile,^[12] spread throughout the Roman Empire, often with modifications to fit local systems of measurements.

Historical miles in the Arabic world and Europe[link]

• The Arab mile (or Arabic mile) was a unit of length used by medieval Muslim geographers. Its precise length is uncertain, but is believed to be around 1925 metres.^{[citation needed]}
• The Danish mil (traditional) was 24,000 Danish feet or 7532.5 metres. Sometimes it was interpreted as exactly 7.5 kilometres. It is the same as the north German Meile (below).^[13]
• The Meile was a traditional unit in German-speaking countries. It was 24,000 German feet; the SI equivalent was 7586 metres in Austria or 7532.5 metres in northern Germany. There was a version known as the geographische Meile, which was 4 Admiralty nautical miles, 7,412.7 metres, or 1/15 of a degree of latitude.^[14]
• The Hungarian mile (magyar) mérföld was the traditional unit in Hungary, equal to 8353,6 m (old times sometimes varied between 8937,4 m and 8379,0 m)
• In Norway and Sweden, a mil is a unit of length equal to 10 kilometres and commonly used in everyday language. However in more formal situations, such as on road signs and when there is risk of confusion with English miles, kilometres are used instead. The traditional Swedish mil spanned the range from 6000-14,485 metres, depending on province. It was however standardized in 1649 to 36,000 Swedish feet, or 10.687 km.^[13] The Norwegian mil was 11.298 kilometres. When the metric system was introduced in the Norwegian-Swedish union in 1889, it standardized the mil to exactly 10 kilometres.^[13] Mil is still commonly used when measuring fuel consumption in vehicles; e.g., 0.5 litre per mil.
• The Portuguese milha was a unit of length used in Portugal and Brazil, before the adoption of the metric system. It was equal to 2087.3 metres.^[15]
• The Russian milya (русская миля) was a traditional Russian unit of distance, equal to 7 verst, or 7.468 km.
• The hrvatska milja (Croatian mile) is 11,130 metres = 11.13 km: the length of an arc of the equator subtended by 1/10 of a degree,^[16] first used by Jesuit Stjepan Glavač on a map from 1673.
• The banska milja (also called hrvatska milja) (mile of Croatian Ban, Croatian mile) was 7586 metres = 7.586 kilometres, or 24,000 feet (the same as the Austrian mile).^[17]

Historical miles in Britain and Ireland[link]

The statute mile (1593) of Elizabeth I was not the only definition of the mile in Britain and Ireland. Perhaps the earliest tables of English linear measures, Arnold's Customs of London (c. 1500) indicates a mile consisted of 8 furlongs, each of 625 feet, for a total of 5000 feet (1666⅔ yards, 0.947 statute miles, 1524 metres):^[18] this is the same definition of the mile in terms of feet as used by the Romans. The "old English" mile of medieval and early modern times appears to have measured about 1.3 statute miles (1.9 km).^[19] The 17th century cartographer, Robert Morden, had multiple scales on his maps—for example, his map of Hampshire showed two different miles that had a ratio of 1 : 1.23^[20] and his map of Dorset had three scales with a ratio of 1 : 1.23 : 1.41.^[21] In both cases, the smallest mile appears to be the statute mile.

Scots mile[link]

The Royal Mile in Edinburgh is roughly a Scots mile long.

The Royal Mile in Edinburgh, i.e., from the Castle down to Holyrood Abbey, is approximately the same length as the Scots mile.^[22] English miles were imposed in 1824 by an Act of Parliament.

Equivalent to:

• Scottish measures: 320 falls; or 8 Scots furlongs
• Metric system: 1807 metres
• Imperial system: 1,976 yards (about 1.12 miles)

Robert Burns spoke of Scots miles in the first verse of Tam O' Shanter

"While we sit bousing at the nappy,

An' getting fou and unco happy,

We think na on the lang Scots miles,

The mosses, waters, slaps and stiles,

That lie between us and our hame,

Where sits our sulky, sullen dame,

Gathering her brows like gathering storm,

Nursing her wrath to keep it warm."

The Scots mile was longer than the English mile, but varied in length from place to place.^[23] It was formally abolished by an Act of the Parliament of Scotland in 1685,^[24] and again by the Treaty of Union with England in 1707,^[25] but continued in use as a customary unit during the 18th century. It was obsolete by the time of its final abolition by the Weights and Measures Act 1824.^[23] An estimate of its length can be made from other Scots units: in Scots, the rod was usually called the fall or faw, and was equal to six ells of 37 inches.^[26] As there are 320 rods in a mile and 1.0016 Imperial inches in a Scots inch, this would make the Scots mile equal to 5,920 Scots feet (1,976.5 imperial yards, 1.12 statute miles). Other estimates are similar.^{[18] [27]}

Irish mile[link]

The Irish mile was longer still.^[19] In Elizabethan times, four Irish miles was often equated to five English, though whether the statute mile or the "old English" mile is unclear.^[19] By the seventeenth century, it was 2,240 yards (6,720 feet, 1.27 statute miles, 2,048 metres).^[10][28][29] Again, the difference arose from a different length of the rod in Ireland (usually called the perch locally): 21 feet as opposed to 16½ feet in England.^[28][30]

From 1774, through the 1801 union with Britain, until the 1820s, the grand juries of 25 Irish counties commissioned surveyed maps at scales of one or two inches per Irish mile.^[31][32] Scottish engineer William Bald's County Mayo maps of 1809–30 were drawn in English miles and rescaled to Irish miles for printing.^[33] The Howth–Dublin Post Office extension of the London–Holyhead turnpike engineered by Thomas Telford had mileposts in English miles.^[34] Although legally abolished by the Weights and Measures Act 1824, the Irish mile was used till 1856 by the Irish Post Office.^[35] The Ordnance Survey of Ireland, from its establishment in 1824, used English miles.^[36]

In 1894, Alfred Austin complained after visiting Ireland that "the Irish mile is a fine source of confusion when distances are computed. In one county a mile means a statute mile, in another it means an Irish mile".^[37] When the Oxford English Dictionary definition of "mile" was published in 1906,^[38] it described the Irish mile as "still in rustic use".^[10] A 1902 guide says regarding milestones, "Counties Dublin, Waterford, Cork, Antrim, Down, and Armagh use English, but Donegal Irish Miles; the other counties either have both, or only one or two roads have Irish".^[39] Variation in signage persisted till the publication of standardised road traffic regulations by the Irish Free State in 1926.^[40] In 1937, a man prosecuted for driving outside the 15-mile limit of his licence offered the unsuccessful defence that, since the state was independent, the limit ought to use Irish miles, "just as no one would ever think of selling land other than as Irish acres".^[41] A 1965 proposal by two TDs to replace statute miles with Irish miles in a clause of the Road Transport Act was rejected.^[42] The term is now obsolete as a specific measure,^[43] though an "Irish mile" colloquially is a long but vague distance akin to a "country mile".^[44]

Statute mile[link]

The statute mile was so-named because it was defined by an English Act of Parliament in 1593, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. The statute states: "A Mile ſhall contain eight Furlongs, every Furlong forty Poles, and every Pole ſixteen Foot and a half." (35 Eliz. cap. 6.)^[45] It was thus 1760 yards (5280 feet, about 1609 metres).^[18] For surveying, the statute mile is divided into eight furlongs; each furlong into ten chains; each chain into four rods (also known as poles or perches); and each rod into 25 links. This makes the rod equal to 5½ yards or 16½ feet in both Imperial and US usage.

The exact conversion of the mile to SI units depends on which definition of the yard is used. Different English-speaking countries maintained independent physical standards for the yard that were found to differ by small, but measurable, amounts and even to slowly shorten in length.^[46] The US redefined the US yard in 1893, but this resulted in US and Imperial measures of distance having very slightly different lengths. The difference was resolved in 1959 with the definition of the international yard in terms of the metre by Australia, Canada, New Zealand, South Africa, the UK and the US.^[47] The "international mile" of 1760 international yards is exactly 1609.344 metres.^[48]

The difference from the previous standards was 2 ppm, or about 3.2 millimetres (⅛ inch) per mile. The US standard was slightly longer and the old Imperial standards had been slightly shorter than the international mile. When the international mile was introduced in English-speaking countries, the basic geodetic datum in North America was the North American Datum of 1927 (NAD27). This had been constructed by triangulation based on the definition of the foot in the Mendenhall Order of 1893, with 1 foot = ¹²⁰⁰⁄₃₉₃₇ metres and the definition was retained for data derived from NAD27, but renamed the US survey foot to distinguish it from the international foot.^[49]

The US survey mile is 5280 survey feet, or about 1609.347 218 694 metres.^[50] In the US, statute mile formally refers to the survey mile,^[51] but for most purposes, the difference between the survey mile and the international mile is insignificant—one international mile is exactly 0.999 998 of a US survey mile—so statute mile can be used for either. But in some cases, such as in the US State Plane Coordinate Systems (SPCSs), which can stretch over hundreds of miles,^[52] the accumulated difference can be significant, so it is important to note that the reference is to the US survey mile.

The North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83), which replaced the NAD27, is defined in metres. State Plane Coordinate Systems were then updated, but the National Geodetic Survey left individual states to decide which (if any) definition of the foot they would use. All State Plane Coordinate Systems are defined in metres, and 42 of the 50 states only use the metre-based State Plane Coordinate Systems. However, eight states also have State Plane Coordinate Systems defined in feet, seven of them in US Survey feet and one in international feet.^[52] State legislation in the US is important for determining which conversion factor from the metric datum is to be used for land surveying and real estate transactions, even though the difference (2 ppm) is hardly significant, given the precision of normal surveying measurements over short distances (usually much less than a mile). Twenty-four states have legislated that surveying measures be based on the US survey foot, eight have legislated that they be based on the international foot, and eighteen have not specified which conversion factor to use.^[52]

The old Imperial value of the yard was used in converting measurements to metric values in India in a 1976 Act of the Indian Parliament.^[53] However, The current National Topographic Database of the Survey of India is based on the metric WGS-84 datum,^[54] which is also used by the Global Positioning System.

Metric mile[link]

The term metric mile is used in sports such as track and field athletics and speed skating to denote a distance of 1500 metres (about 4921 ft). In United States high school competition, the term is sometimes used for a race of 1,600 metres (about 5249 ft).^[55]

Nautical mile[link]

On the utility of the nautical mile
Each circle shown is a great circle– the analog of a line in spherical trigonometry– and hence the shortest path connecting two points on the globular surface. Meridians are great circles that pass through the poles.

The nautical mile was originally defined as one minute of arc along a meridian of the Earth.^[56] Navigators use dividers to step off the distance between two points on the navigational chart, then place the open dividers against the minutes-of-latitude scale at the edge of the chart, and read off the distance in nautical miles.^[57] The Earth is not perfectly spherical but an oblate spheroid, so the length of a minute of latitude increases by 1% from the equator to the poles. Using the WGS84 ellipsoid, the commonly accepted Earth model for many purposes today, one minute of latitude at the WGS84 equator is 6,046 feet and at the poles is 6,107.5 feet. The average is about 6,076 feet (about 1,852 metres or 1.15 statute miles).

In the United States the nautical mile was defined in the 19th century as 6,080.2 feet (1,853.249 m), whereas in the United Kingdom, the Admiralty nautical mile was defined as 6,080 feet (1,853.184 m) and was about one minute of latitude in the latitudes of the south of the UK. Other nations had different definitions of the nautical mile, but it is now internationally defined to be exactly 1,852 metres.^[58]

Related nautical units[link]

The nautical mile per hour is known as the knot. Nautical miles and knots are almost universally used for aeronautical and maritime navigation, because of their relationship with degrees and minutes of latitude and the convenience of using the latitude scale on a map for distance measuring.

The data mile is used in radar-related subjects and is equal to 6,000 feet (1.8288 kilometres).^[59] The radar mile is a unit of time (in the same way that the light year is a unit of distance), equal to the time required for a radar pulse to travel a distance of two miles (one mile each way). Thus, the radar statute mile is 10.8 μs and the radar nautical mile is 12.4 μs.^[60]

Abbreviation and symbol[link]

There have been several abbreviations for mile (with and without trailing period): mi, ml, m, M. In the United States, the National Institute of Standards and Technology now uses and recommends mi,^[61] which avoids confusion with metres, millilitres, etc., but in everyday usage (at least in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada), units such as miles per hour and miles per gallon are almost always abbreviated as mph or mpg (rather than mi/h or mi/gal).

Grid system[link]

Cities in the continental United States often have streets laid out by miles. Detroit, Indianapolis, Chicago, Phoenix, Philadelphia, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, and Miami, are several examples. Typically the largest streets are about a mile apart, with others at half-mile and quarter-mile intervals.^{[citation needed]} In the Manhattan borough of New York City "streets" are close to 20 per mile, while the major numbered "avenues" are about six per mile. (Centerline to centerline, 42nd St to 22nd St is supposed to be 5250 feet while 42nd to 62nd is supposed to be 5276 ft 8 in.)^{[citation needed]}

Idioms[link]

Even in English-speaking countries that have moved from the Imperial to the metric system (for example, Australia, Canada, and New Zealand), the mile is still used in a variety of idioms. These include:

• A country mile is used colloquially to denote a very long distance.
• "A miss is as good as a mile" (failure by a narrow margin is no better than any other failure)
• "Give him an inch and he'll take a mile" - a corruption of "Give him an inch and he'll take an ell" ^[62][63] (the person in question will become greedy if shown generosity)
• "Missed by a mile" (missed by a wide margin)
• "Talk a mile a minute" (speak at a rapid rate)
• "To go the extra mile" (to put in extra effort)
• "Miles away" (lost in thought, or daydreaming)
• "Milestone" (an event indicating significant progress)

See also[link]

Science portal

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in the French Wikipedia. (January 2012) Don't speak French? Click here to read a machine-translated version of the French article. Click [show] on the right to review important translation instructions before translating. Google's machine translation is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. After translating, {{Translated|fr|Hicham El Guerrouj}} must be added to the talk page to ensure copyright compliance. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Medal record
Hicham El Guerrouj (left)
Men's athletics
Competitor for  Morocco
Olympic Games
Gold	2004 Athens	1500 m
Gold	2004 Athens	5000 m
Silver	2000 Sydney	1500 m
World Championships
Gold	1997 Athens	1500 m
Gold	1999 Sevilla	1500 m
Gold	2001 Edmonton	1500 m
Gold	2003 Paris	1500 m
Silver	1995 Gothenburg	1500 m
Silver	2003 Paris	5000 m
World Indoor Championships
Gold	1995 Barcelona	1500 m
Gold	1997 Paris	1500 m
Gold	2001 Lisbon	3000 m

Hicham El Guerrouj "King of the Mile" (Moroccan Arabic: هشام الݣروج‎, born September 14, 1974, Berkane) is a Moroccan former middle distance runner. He is the current holder of the 1500 metres, mile and outdoor 2000 metres world records, as well as a double Olympic gold medalist. From about 1995 until his retirement from serious competition following the 2004 Olympics, he was the dominant middle distance runner of his day.

Early career[link]

Hicham El Guerrouj's first international triumph was in 1992 at age 18, when he was 3rd in the 5000 metres of the 1992 Junior World Championships in Seoul, behind Haile Gebrselassie of Ethiopia.

In 1994, he was a member of the Moroccan team in the 1994 IAAF World Road Relay Championships, which won the race in world record time.^[1][2]

El Guerrouj rose to international prominence in the mid-1990s with near-record times in the 1500 metres and mile. At the age of 20 he finished second in the 1500 metres at the 1995 World Championships in Gothenburg. In 1996 after setting a new personal best over 1500 metres in 3:29.59 in Stockholm, he was considered one of the favourites for the Olympic gold.

1996 Atlanta Olympics - 1999 season[link]

El Guerrouj competed in his first Olympic Games in 1996 at Atlanta. Running the 1500 meters final, as he was moving into position to challenge for the lead,^[3] he fell with 400 m to go and finished last in 12th place. He had been expected to challenge the world record holder and three-time World champion, Noureddine Morceli.^[4][5]

One month later, at the Grand Prix final in Milan, El Guerrouj became the first runner to defeat Morceli over 1500 m in four years.^[6] In the following years, El Guerrouj became the only middle distance runner to win four consecutive world titles in 1997,^[7] 1999,^[8] 2001, and 2003^[9]

El Guerrouj set two world indoor records at the start of the 1997 season, starting with a 1500 m record of 3:31.18 at the Sparkassen Cup and setting a new indoor best of 3:48.45 in the mile run at the Indoor Flanders meeting a few weeks later. In 1998 in Rome, El Guerrouj broke Morceli's 1500 m world record (3:27.37) with a time of 3:26.00.^[10][11][12]

In 1999, also in Rome, El Guerrouj broke the world record in the mile set by Noureddine Morceli in 1993, with a time of 3:43.13. Noah Ngeny of Kenya, who ran second, was also under the previous world record with a time of 3:43.40. This was the first time in over 40 years that two men had bettered the mile world record in the same race.^[13]

Later that season he set a new world record over 2000 m in Berlin at 4:44.79, bettering the previous mark set by Morceli by more than three seconds. He also ran the second fastest 3000 m ever in Brussels.

2000 Sydney Olympics - 2003 season[link]

At the Sydney Olympics, El Guerrouj, finished second in the 1500 metres, behind Noah Ngeny, a Kenyan runner who ran as El Guerrouj's pacemaker when El Guerrouj ran his 1500 m world record in Rome in 1998.^{[14][15][16][17]}

El Guerrouj defended his 1500 m title in the 2001 and 2003 World Championships and came close to breaking his own 1500 m record in Brussels in 2001 with a time of 3:26.12. He also won 3 consecutive IAAF Golden League prizes in 2001, 2002 and 2003. He was the only middle distance athlete to produce the winning streak necessary to be entitled for a share of the jackpot of 50 kilograms (1,608 troy ounces) of gold (2000–2002) or USD 1 million (1998–1999, 2003–present). He remains the only athlete to have won it three times in a row.^{[citation needed]}

In 2003, El Guerrouj set a personal best of 12:50.24 in the 5000 metres. Later in the year, at the World Track & Field Championships, he finished a close second to Kenyan Eliud Kipchoge in the 5000 meters, adding a silver to the gold he had previously won in the 1500 meters.

2004 Athens Olympics and retirement[link]

After a relatively poor start to the 2004 season that included slow times and an 8th place finish in a 1500 meter race in Rome, El Guerrouj won the gold medal in both the 1500 metres and 5000 metres at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece.

Only 20 days before the Olympic final, 2000 Olympic bronze medalist Bernard Lagat ran the fastest 1500 m in 2004 (3:27.40), narrowly defeating El Guerrouj (3:27.64) at the Weltklasse Zürich meet on August 6. However, on August 24, El Guerrouj beat Lagat by 0.12 seconds in the Olympic 1500 m final, winning the gold medal. In a thrilling finale, entering the home straight El Guerrouj led, only to be overtaken by Lagat- and then El Guerrouj re-took the lead only a few strides from the line.^[18]

Four days later El Guerrouj won the 5,000 m final with a time of 13:14.39 preventing Kenenisa Bekele from achieving the 5000 m/10000 m distance double, last achieved by Ethiopian Miruts Yifter in 1980 Moscow Olympics.^[19]

El Guerrouj became then the first man in 80 years to win both 1500 m and 5000 m races in the same Olympics, last achieved by the "Flying Finn" Paavo Nurmi in 1924.

After the Olympics, El Guerrouj never again competed internationally, and announced his retirement on May 22, 2006.^{[20] [21]}

Awards and honours[link]

His sporting career is marked by numerous recognitions such as the award to humanitarian effort from the International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), which he received in 1996. He is also a UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador. El Guerrouj was named IAAF World Athlete of the Year in 2001, 2002 and 2003 after remaining unbeaten in more than 20 races, becoming the first man to win the award in consecutive years. He was also named best athlete of the year by the athletics journal Track and Field News in 2002. In 2003, he was elected as a member of the IAAF Athletes Committee.

On September 7, 2004, El Guerrouj was decorated with the "Cordon de Commandeur" by King Mohammed VI of Morocco. In the same year, he was awarded the Prince of Asturias Awards.^[22]

He is a member of the International Olympic Committee Athletes' Commission.

Hicham El Guerrouj is today an Ambassador for Peace and Sport, a Monaco-based international organization,^[23] as well as a member of its ‘Champions for Peace’ club, a group of 54 famous elite athletes committed to serving peace in the world through sport.

Personal bests[link]

The following table includes El Guerrouj's personal best times as published by the IAAF:^[24]

Titles and major results[link]

(1500 meters unless indicated)

See also[link]

• World record progression for the mile run
• Fédération Royale Marocaine d’Athlétisme
• Saïd Aouita

References and notes[link]

External links[link]

• Video of Hicham El Guerrouj breaking the mile world record
• IAAF profile for Hicham El Guerrouj
• El Guerrouj diary at IAAF

Records
Preceded by Noureddine Morceli	Men's 1500 m World Record Holder July 14, 1998 —	Succeeded by Incumbent
Preceded by Noureddine Morceli	Men's Mile World Record Holder July 7, 1999 –	Succeeded by Incumbent
Awards and achievements
Preceded by Haile Gebrselassie	Men's Track & Field Athlete of the Year 1999	Succeeded by Virgilijus Alekna
Preceded by Virgilijus Alekna	Men's Track & Field Athlete of the Year 2001 – 2003	Succeeded by Kenenisa Bekele
Sporting positions
Preceded by Haile Gebrselassie	Men's 3000 m Best Year Performance 1999	Succeeded by Ali Saïdi-Sief
Preceded by Benjamin Limo	Men's 3000 m Best Year Performance 2003	Succeeded by Eliud Kipchoge
Preceded by Noureddine Morceli	Men's 1500 m Best Year Performance 1996 – 2003	Succeeded by Bernard Lagat

This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (June 2010)

Mile Kitić
Background information
Birth name	Milojko Kitić
Born	(1952-01-01) January 1, 1952 (age 60)
Origin	Derventa, Bosnia and Herzegovina (formerly Yugoslavia)
Genres	Turbo-folk pop-folk
Years active	1974–present
Associated acts	Grand Production and Južni Vetar
Website	www.mile-kitic.net

Milojko "Mile" Kitić (Serbian: Милојко "Миле" Китић ; born January 1, 1952 in Derventa, Yugoslavia) is a popular Bosnian turbo-folk singer.^[1]

He was popular in most parts of the former Yugoslavia. He is married to the Serbian singer Marta Savić.

Biography[link]

He was born 'Milojko Kitić' on January 1, 1952 in the village of Donji Cerani, in Derventa, SFR Yugoslavia, to Serbian parents living in Bosnia.

When he was 13 years old, his family moved to Sarajevo. He graduated on May 15, 1970. His first single was "Čija si ljubav" (Whose love are you) in 1975. From 1974 to 1980 he played the electric guitar in his band “Prinčevi” (The Princes, derived from “Prince”).

In 1983 he started his first tour after completing his first studio album 'Moja Slatka Mala', touring around Sarajevo and Tuzla.

He joined the band “Južni Vetar” (Southern Wind) in 1984, with instant success with the album and single "Čaša Ljubavi". In this group he collaborated with fellow Yugoslav folk singers Sinan Sakić, Dragana Mirković, Kemal Malovčić and Šemsa Suljaković.

During the Bosnian War he and his family fled to Belgrade, he lost among others, his nephew.

Personal[link]

With his ex-wife Bosiljka he has a daughter, Sanja. Today he's living with his second wife Marta Savic (she's a singer too) and daughter Elena in Belgrade. They have a second home in Hannover, Germany. He is already a grandfather because his daughter from his first marriage has two children.

Career hits[link]

• Čaša Ljubavi
• Ja Neću Ljepšu
• Ludilo Cepelin
• Mogao Sam Biti Car
• Ratnik Za Ljubav
• Kraljica Trotoara
• Tuđe Slađe
• Bosioče
• Svi Pjevaju A Ja Tugujem
• Zoro
• Ostaj Ovde
• Odlazi
• Na Kraju Sama
• Spreman I Da Glavom Platim
• Do Sreće Daleko, Do Boga Visoko
• Priviđenje
• Beogradsko Jutro
• Plavo Oko
• Milioni Kamioni
• Mene Je Život Prevario
• Tri Života
• Mala
• Bog Ti Srce Dao Nije
• Tako Mi Treba
• Helena
• Ti Nestaješ
• Zlato Srebro, Dukati
• Ne Bio Ja Mile
• Pucaj Mi U Srce
• Popij Lozu
• Najbolje Je Da Me Nema
• Krčma
• Svaka Časa Ispijena
• Smejem Se A Plače Mi Se
• Pade Sneg
• Plava Ciganka
• Ruku Pod Ruku
• Mnogo Toga Još Je Isto
• Padaju Rani Snjegovi
• Policijo, Oprosti Mi
• Zašto Baš Ti
• Zemljotres
• Svi Su Tu
• Šampanjac
• Luda Devojka
• Zapaliću Sve
• Zavodnica
• Vidi Se
• Tatina Maza
• Šanker
• Cepaj Kidaj
• Ptičica
• Karavan
• Hej živote, hej sudbino

Discography[link]

Singles[link]

• Čija si ljubav/Ja želim da sam sunce ma ja (1975)
• Brigu brinem, Ti mi beše sve što sam imao (1977)
• Sanjam li to možda ljudi/O, gitaro (1979)
• Kad je rekla ne voli me?/? (1979)
• Mala iz Novog Pazara/Ljubavi nema više (1980)
• Aldijana/Dvoje Zaljubjenih (1981)

Studio albums[link]

• Moja Slatka Mala (1982)
• Jorgovani Plavi (1983)
• Čaša Ljubavi (1984)
• Ja Neću Ljepšu (1985)
• Kockar (1986)
• Mogao Sam Biti Car (1987)
• Što Da Ne (1988)
• Osvetnik (1989)
• Stavi Karte Na Sto (1990)
• Gledaj Me U Oči (1991)
• Ćao, Jelena (1992)
• Vuk Samotnjak (1993)
• Moj Sokole (1994)
• Okreni Jastuk (1995)
• Ratnik za ljubav (1996)
• Ostaj Ovde (1997)
• Do Sreće Daleko, Do Boga Visoko (1998)
• Tri Života (1999)
• Zlato Srebro Dukati (2000)
• Plava Ciganko (2001)
• Policijo, Oprosti Mi (2003)
• Zemljotres (2004)
• Šampanjac (2005)
• Šanker (2008)

References[link]

Links[link]

• Official website (Serbian)