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Afghanistan
Afghanistan
i/æfˈɡænɨstæn/ (Persian/Pashto: افغانستان, Afġānistān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in the centre of Asia, forming part of South Asia, Central Asia, and Greater Middle East, it is also considered to be part of a broader West Asia. With a population of about 29 million, it has an area of 647,500 km2 (250,001 sq mi), making it the 42nd most populous and 41st largest nation in the world. It is bordered by Pakistan in the south and the east, Iran in the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the north, and China in the far northeast.
Afghanistan has been an ancient focal point of the Silk Road and human migration. Archaeologists have found evidence of human habitation from as far back as 50,000 BC. Urban civilization may have begun in the area as early as 3,000 to 2,000 BC. Sitting at an important geostrategic location that connects the Middle East with Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, the land has been home to various peoples through the ages and witnessed many military campaigns, notably by Alexander the Great, Genghis Khan, and in modern era Western forces. The land also served as a source from which the Greco-Bactrians, Kushans, Saffarids, Ghaznavids, Ghorids, Timurids, Mughals and many others have risen to form major empires.
wn.com/Afghanistan -
Air India Flight 855
Air India Flight 855 was a scheduled passenger flight that crashed during the evening of 1 January 1978 about 3 km (1.9 mi) off the coast of Bandra, Bombay (now Mumbai), India. All 213 lives on board were lost. The crash is believed to have been caused by the captain having become spatially disoriented after the failure of one of the flight instruments in the cockpit.
The aircraft involved was a Boeing 747-237B, registration VT-EBD, named the "Emperor Ashoka". It was the first 747 delivered to Air India. When it was delivered in April 1971, Air India had proclaimed it as the "747th wonder of the world", and in keeping with their Maharaja motif, used the tagline "Your Palace in the Sky" to describe this new aircraft with a detailed external paint scheme and interesting interior design.
The departure was from Bombay's Sahar Airport, (now called Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport). The plane's destination was Dubai International Airport in Dubai, with Captain Madan L. Kukar as the Commander.
wn.com/Air_India_Flight_855 -
Angola
Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (Portuguese: República de Angola, pronounced: [ʁɨˈpublikɐ dɨ ɐ̃ˈɡɔla];Kikongo, Kimbundu, Umbundu: Repubilika ya Ngola), is a country in southern Africa bordered by Namibia on the south, the Democratic Republic of the Congo on the north, and Zambia on the east; its west coast is on the Atlantic Ocean with Luanda as its capital city. The exclave province of Cabinda has borders with the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The Portuguese were present in some—mostly coastal—points of the territory of what is now Angola, from the 16th to the 19th century, interacting in diverse ways with the peoples that lived there. In the 19th century they slowly and hesitantly began to establish themselves in the interior. Angola as a Portuguese colony encompassing the present territory was not established before the end of the 19th century, and "effective occupation", as required by the Berlin Conference (1884) was achieved only by the 1920s. Independence was achieved in 1975, after a protracted liberation war. After independence, Angola was the scene of an intense civil war from 1975 to 2002. The country has vast mineral and petroleum reserves, and its economy has on average grown at a two-digit pace since the 1990s, especially since the end of the civil war. In spite of this, standards of living remain low for the majority of the population, and life expectancy and infant mortality rates in Angola are among the worst-ranked in the world. At the same time, a minority has reached comfortable life standards, and the dominant stratum has succeeded in accumulating considerable wealth, so that social inequality in Angola is one of the highest in the world.
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Antarctica
Antarctica
This map uses an orthographic projection, near-polar aspect. The South Pole is near the center, where longitudinal lines converge.
Antarctica (
i/æntˈɑrtɨkə/ or /ænˈtɑːktɨkə/) is Earth's southernmost continent, containing the geographic South Pole. It is situated in the Antarctic region of the Southern Hemisphere, almost entirely south of the Antarctic Circle, and is surrounded by the Southern Ocean. At 14.0 million km2 (5.4 million sq mi), it is the fifth-largest continent in area after Asia, Africa, North America, and South America. For comparison, Antarctica is nearly twice the size of Australia. About 98% of Antarctica is covered by ice that averages at least 1 mile (1.6 km) in thickness.
Antarctica, on average, is the coldest, driest, and windiest continent, and has the highest average elevation of all the continents. Antarctica is considered a desert, with annual precipitation of only 200 mm (8 inches) along the coast and far less inland. The temperature in Antarctica has reached −89 °C (−129 °F). There are no permanent human residents, but anywhere from 1,000 to 5,000 people reside throughout the year at the research stations scattered across the continent. Only cold-adapted organisms survive there, including many types of algae, animals (for example mites, nematodes, penguins, seals and tardigrades), bacteria, fungi, plants, and protista. Vegetation where it occurs is tundra.
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Arctic Ocean
The Arctic Ocean, located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Arctic north polar region, is the smallest and shallowest of the world's five major oceanic divisions. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) recognizes it as an ocean, although some oceanographers call it the Arctic Mediterranean Sea or simply the Arctic Sea, classifying it as one of the mediterranean seas of the Atlantic Ocean. Alternatively, the Arctic Ocean can be seen as the northernmost part of the all-encompassing World Ocean.
Almost completely surrounded by Eurasia and North America, the Arctic Ocean is partly covered by sea ice throughout the year (and almost completely in winter). The Arctic Ocean's temperature and salinity vary seasonally as the ice cover melts and freezes; its salinity is the lowest on average of the five major oceans, due to low evaporation, heavy freshwater inflow from rivers and streams, and limited connection and outflow to surrounding oceanic waters with higher salinities. The summer shrinking of the ice has been quoted at 50%. The US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) uses satellite data to provide a daily record of Arctic sea ice cover and the rate of melting compared to an average period and specific past years.
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Argentina
Argentinai/ˌɑrdʒənˈtiːnə/, officially the Argentine Republic (Spanish: República Argentina [reˈpuβlika aɾxenˈtina]), is a country in South America, the continent's second largest by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations.
Argentina's continental area is between the Andes mountain range in the west and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. It borders Paraguay and Bolivia to the north, Brazil and Uruguay to the northeast, and Chile to the west and south. Argentine claims over Antarctica, as well as overlapping claims made by Chile and the United Kingdom, are suspended by the Antarctic Treaty of 1961. Argentina also claims the Falkland Islands (Spanish: Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, which are administered by the United Kingdom as British Overseas Territories.
A recognised middle power, Argentina is Latin America's third-largest economy, with a "very high" rating on the Human development index. Within Latin America, Argentina has the fifth highest nominal GDP per capita and the highest in purchasing power terms. Analysts have argued that the country has a "foundation for future growth due to its market size, levels of foreign direct investment, and percentage of high-tech exports as share of total manufactured goods", and it is classed by investors as middle emerging economy. Argentina is a founding member of the United Nations, Mercosur, the Union of South American Nations, the Organization of Ibero-American States, the World Bank Group and the World Trade Organization, and is one of the G-15 and G-20 major economies.
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Atlantic Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceanic divisions. With a total area of about 106,400,000 square kilometres (41,100,000 sq mi), it covers approximately 20% of the Earth's surface and about 26% of its water surface area. The first part of its name refers to Atlas of Greek mythology, making the Atlantic the "Sea of Atlas".
The oldest known mention of "Atlantic" is in The Histories of Herodotus around 450 BC (Hdt. 1.202.4): Atlantis thalassa (Greek: Ἀτλαντὶς θάλασσα; English: Sea of Atlas); see also: Atlas Mountains. The term Ethiopic Ocean, derived from Ethiopia, was applied to the southern Atlantic ocean as late as the mid-19th century. Before Europeans discovered other oceans, the term "ocean" itself was synonymous with the waters beyond the Strait of Gibraltar that we now know as the Atlantic. The early Greeks believed this ocean to be a gigantic river encircling the world.
The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated, S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Europe and Africa to the east, and the Americas to the west. As one component of the interconnected global ocean, it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean (which is sometimes considered a sea of the Atlantic), to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest, the Indian Ocean in the southeast, and the Southern Ocean in the south. (Other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica.) The equator subdivides it into the North Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean.
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Australia
Australia (
/əˈstreɪljə/), officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent as well as the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north; the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east.
For at least 40,000 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who belonged to one or more of roughly 250 language groups. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Great Britain in 1770 and settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales from 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self-governing Crown Colonies were established.
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Beijing
Beijing ( /beɪˈdʒɪŋ/; Chinese: 北京; pinyin: Běijīng, [peɪ˨˩ t͡ɕiŋ˥]), formerly romanized as Peking ( /piːˈkɪŋ/ or /peɪˈkɪŋ/), is the capital of the People's Republic of China and one of the most populous cities in the world, with a population of 19,612,368 as of 2010. The metropolis, located in northern China, is governed as a direct-controlled municipality under the national government, with 14 urban and suburban districts and two rural counties. Beijing Municipality is surrounded by Hebei Province with the exception of neighboring Tianjin Municipality to the southeast.
Beijing is China's second largest city by urban population after Shanghai and is the country's political, cultural, and educational center, and home to the headquarters for most of China's largest state-owned companies. Beijing is a major transportation hub in the national highway, expressway, railway and high-speed rail network. Beijing's Capital International Airport is the second busiest in the world by passenger traffic.
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Brittany
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] (
listen); Breton: Breizh, pronounced [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn) is a cultural region in the north-west of France. Previously a kingdom and then a duchy, Brittany was united to the Kingdom of France in 1532 as a province. Brittany has also been referred to as Less, Lesser or Little Britain (as opposed to Great Britain). Brittany is considered as one of the six Celtic nations.
Brittany occupies the northwest peninsula of continental Europe in northwest France. It is bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Bay of Biscay to the south. Its land area is 34,023 km² (13,136 sq mi). The historical province of Brittany is divided into five departments: Finistère in the west, Côtes-d'Armor in the north, Ille-et-Vilaine in the north east, Loire-Atlantique in the south east and Morbihan in the south on the Bay of Biscay.
In 1956, French regions were created by gathering departments between them. The Region of Brittany comprises, since then, four of the five Breton departments (80% of historical Brittany), while the remaining area of the old Brittany, the Loire-Atlantique department, around Nantes, forms part of the Pays de la Loire region. This territorial organisation is regularly contested. The Kingdom and the Duchy of Brittany, the province of Brittany, and the modern Region of Brittany cover the Western part of Armorica, as it was known during the period of Roman occupation.
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Bulgaria
Coordinates: 42°45′N 25°30′E / 42.75°N 25.5°E / 42.75; 25.5
Bulgariai/bʌlˈɡɛəriə/ (Bulgarian: България, IPA: [bɤ̞ɫˈɡarijɐ]), is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and the Macedonia to the west, Greece and Turkey to the south and the Black Sea to the east. With a territory of 110,994 square kilometres (42,855 sq mi), Bulgaria is Europe's 14th-largest country. Its location has made it a historical crossroad for various civilisations and as such it is the home of some of the earliest metalworking, religious and other cultural artifacts in the world.
Prehistoric cultures began developing on Bulgarian lands during the Neolithic period. Its ancient history was marked by the presence of the Thracians, and later by the Greeks and Romans. The emergence of a unified Bulgarian ethnicity and state dates back to the First Bulgarian Empire, which dominated most of the Balkans and functioned as a cultural hub for Slavic peoples during the Middle Ages. With the downfall of the Second Bulgarian Empire in 1396, its territories came under Ottoman rule for nearly five hundred years. The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878 resulted in the Third Bulgarian State, recognised in 1908. The following years saw several conflicts with its neighbours, which prompted Bulgaria to align with Germany in both World Wars. In 1946 it became a Communist republic with a single-party system until 1989, when the Communist Party allowed multi-party elections. After 1990 Bulgaria transitioned to democracy and a market-based economy.
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California
California (pronouncedi/kælɨˈfɔrnjə/) is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third most extensive (after Alaska and Texas). It is home to the nation's second- and sixth-largest census statistical areas (Los Angeles Metropolitan Area and San Francisco Bay Area), and eight of the nation's fifty most populated cities (Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach and Oakland). The capital city is Sacramento.
California's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west, to the Sierra Nevada mountains in the east – from the Redwood–Douglas-fir forests of the northwest, to the Mojave Desert areas in the southeast. The center of the state is dominated by Central Valley, a major agricultural area. California contains both the highest and lowest points in the contiguous United States (Mount Whitney and Death Valley), and has the third-longest coastline of all states (after Alaska and Florida). Earthquakes are a common occurrence due to the state's location along the Pacific Ring of Fire: about 37,000 are recorded annually.
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Cambodia
Cambodia (i/kæmˈboʊdiə/;Khmer: ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា, Kampuchea, IPA: [kɑmˈpuˈciə]), officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. With a total landmass of 181,035 square kilometres (69,898 sq mi), it is bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the northeast, Vietnam to the east, and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest.
With a population of over 14.8 million, Cambodia is the 68th most populous country in the world. The official religion is Theravada Buddhism, which is practiced by around 95% of the Cambodian population. The country minority groups include Vietnamese, Chinese, Chams and 30 various hill tribes. The capital and largest city is Phnom Penh; the political, economic, and cultural center of Cambodia. The kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with Norodom Sihamoni, a monarch chosen by the Royal Throne Council, as head of state. The head of government is Hun Sen, who is currently the longest serving leader in South East Asia and has ruled Cambodia for over 25 years.
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Camp David
Coordinates: 39°38′54″N 77°27′54″W / 39.64833°N 77.465°W / 39.64833; -77.465
Camp David is the country retreat of the President of the United States and his guests. It is located in low wooded hills about 100 kilometers (62 mi) north-northwest of Washington, D.C., on the property of Catoctin Mountain Park in unincorporated Frederick County, Maryland, near Thurmont, at an elevation of approximately 560 meters (1,840 ft). It is officially known as Naval Support Facility Thurmont and is technically a military installation; staffing is primarily provided by the U.S. Navy and the U.S. Marine Corps.
First known as Hi-Catoctin, Camp David was originally built as a camp for federal government agents and their families, by the WPA, starting in 1935, opening in 1938. In 1942, it was converted to a presidential retreat by Franklin D. Roosevelt and renamed "Shangri-La" (for the fictional Himalayan paradise). Camp David received its present name from Dwight D. Eisenhower, in honor of his father and grandson, both named David. Camp David is not open to the general public. Catoctin Mountain Park does not indicate the location of Camp David on its official park maps due to privacy and security concerns.
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Canada
Canada ( /ˈkænədə/) is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and northward into the Arctic Ocean. Spanning over 9,900,000 km2 (3,800,000 sq mi), Canada is the world's second-largest country by total area, and its common border with the United States is the longest land border in the world.
The land that is now Canada has been inhabited for millennia by various Aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French colonial expeditions explored, and later settled, along the region's Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy; the Canada Act 1982 severed the vestiges of legal dependence on Britain.
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Chicago
Chicago (i/ʃɪˈkɑːɡoʊ/ or /ʃɪˈkɔːɡoʊ/) is the largest city in the US state of Illinois and the third most populous city in the United States after New York City and Los Angeles. The city has around 2.7 million residents. Its metropolitan area, sometimes called "Chicagoland", is the third largest in the United States, with an estimated 9.8 million people. Chicago is the county seat of Cook County, though a small portion also extends into DuPage County.
Chicago was incorporated as a city in 1837, near a portage between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River watershed. Today, Chicago is listed as an alpha+ global city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network, and ranks seventh in the world on the 2012 Global Cities Index. The city retains its status as an international hub for finance, industry, telecommunications and infrastructure, with O'Hare International Airport being the second busiest airport in the world in terms of traffic movements. In 2008[update], the city hosted 45.6 million domestic and overseas visitors. Among metropolitan areas, Chicago has the 4th largest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the world, ranking just behind Tokyo, New York City, and Los Angeles. Chicago is one of the most important Worldwide Centers of Commerce and trade.
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Chile
Chile (i/ˈtʃɪliː/ or /ˈtʃɪleɪ/), officially the Republic of Chile (Spanish: República de Chile [reˈpuβlika ðe ˈtʃile] ( listen)), is a country in South America occupying a long, narrow strip of land between the Andes mountains to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. It borders Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage in the far south. Along with Ecuador, it is one of two countries in South America that do not border Brazil. Chilean territory includes the Pacific islands of Juan Fernández, Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas and Easter Island. Chile also claims about 1,250,000 square kilometres (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica, although all claims are suspended under the Antarctic Treaty.
Chile's distinctive shape—4,300 kilometres (2,700 mi) long and on average 175 kilometres (109 mi) wide—makes it the longest country in the world, north to south, with the fifth lengthiest coastline at over 78 thousand kilometers. The diverse climate of Chile ranges from the world's driest desert in the north—the Atacama—through a Mediterranean climate in the centre, humid subtropical in Easter Island, to an Oceanic climate, including alpine tundra and glaciers in the east and south. The northern desert contains great mineral wealth, principally copper. The relatively small central area dominates in terms of population and agricultural resources, and is the cultural and political center from which Chile expanded in the late 19th century when it incorporated its northern and southern regions. Southern Chile is rich in forests and grazing lands, and features a string of volcanoes and lakes. The southern coast is a labyrinth of fjords, inlets, canals, twisting peninsulas, and islands.
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Comoros
The Comorosi/ˈkɒməroʊz/ (Arabic: جزر القمر, Ǧuzur al-Qumur/Qamar), officially the Union of the Comoros (Comorian: Udzima wa Komori, French: Union des Comores, Arabic: الاتحاد القمري al-Ittiḥād al-Qumurī/Qamarī) is a sovereign, archipelago island nation in the Indian Ocean, located off the eastern coast of Africa, on the northern end of the Mozambique Channel, between northeastern Mozambique and northwestern Madagascar. Other countries near to the Comoros are Tanzania to the northwest and the Seychelles to the northeast. The capital is Moroni on Grande Comore.
At 1,862 km2 (719 sq mi) (excluding Mayotte), the Comoros is the third-smallest African nation by area. The population (excluding Mayotte) is estimated at 798,000. Its name derives from the Arabic word قمر qamar ("moon"). The archipelago is notable for its diverse culture and history, as a nation formed at the crossroads of many civilizations. It is the southernmost member state of the Arab League. Though in the contested island of Mayotte the sole official language is French, the "Union of the Comoros" has three official languages: Comorian, Arabic, and French.
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Costa Daurada
The Costa Daurada (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈkɔstə ðəwˈɾaðə], Spanish: Costa Dorada, meaning in English "Golden Coast") is an area on the coast of Catalonia, Spain, between Cunit and Alcanar. It is entirely included in the province of Tarragona.
Coordinates: 41°00′43″N 0°55′56″E / 41.01194°N 0.93222°E / 41.01194; 0.93222
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Cuba
Cuba, officially the Republic of Cuba, (i/ˈkjuːbə/; Spanish: República de Cuba, pronounced: [reˈpuβlika ðe ˈkuβa] ( listen)) is an island country in the Caribbean. The nation of Cuba consists of the main island of Cuba, the Isla de la Juventud, and several archipelagos. Havana is the largest city in Cuba and the country's capital. Santiago de Cuba is the second largest city. To the north of Cuba lies the United States (140 km or 90 mi away) and the Bahamas, Mexico is to the west, the Cayman Islands and Jamaica are to the south, and Haiti and the Dominican Republic are to the southeast.
In 1492, Christopher Columbus landed on and claimed the island now occupied by Cuba, for the Kingdom of Spain. Cuba remained a territory of Spain until the Spanish–American War ended in 1898, and gained formal independence from the U.S. in 1902. A fragile democracy, increasingly dominated by radical politics eventually evolved, solidified by the Cuban Constitution of 1940, but was definitely quashed in 1952 by former president Fulgencio Batista, and an authoritarian regime was set up, intensifying and catalyzing already rampant corruption, political repression and crippling economic regulations.Batista was ousted in January 1959 by the July 26 movement, and a new administration under Fidel Castro established, which had by 1965 evolved into a single-party state under the revived Communist Party of Cuba, which holds power to date.
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Dominica
Dominica ( /ˌdɒmɪˈniːkə/ DOM-i-NEE-kə;French: Dominique; Kali‘na (Carib): Wai‘tu kubuli), officially the Commonwealth of Dominica, is an island nation in the Lesser Antilles region of the Caribbean Sea, south-southeast of Guadeloupe and northwest of Martinique. Its size is 750 square kilometres (290 sq mi) and the highest point in the country is Morne Diablotins, which has an elevation of 1,447 metres (4,747 ft). The Commonwealth of Dominica had a population of 71,293 at the 2011 Census. The capital is Roseau.
Dominica has been nicknamed the "Nature Isle of the Caribbean" for its unspoiled natural beauty. It is the youngest island in the Lesser Antilles, still being formed by geothermal-volcanic activity, as evidenced by the world's second-largest hot spring, Boiling Lake. The island features lush mountainous rainforests, home of many rare plant, animal, and bird species. There are xeric areas in some of the western coastal regions, but heavy rainfall can be expected inland. The Sisserou Parrot (also known as the Imperial Amazon), the island's national bird, is featured on the national flag. Dominica's economy is heavily dependent on tourism, agriculture and heavy taxation.
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Dominican Republic
The Dominican Republic (i/dəˌmɪnɨkən rɨˈpʌblɪk/; Spanish: República Dominicana [reˈpuβlika ðominiˈkana]) is a nation on the island of Hispaniola, part of the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region. The western third of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti, making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands that are shared by two countries. Both by area and population, the Dominican Republic is the second largest Caribbean nation (after Cuba), with 48,442 square kilometres (18,704 sq mi) and an estimated 10 million people.
Taínos inhabited what is now the Dominican Republic since the 7th century. Christopher Columbus landed on it in 1492, and it became the site of the first permanent European settlement in the Americas, namely Santo Domingo, the country's capital and Spain's first capital in the New World. Santo Domingo can boast of many firsts in the Americas, including the first cathedral, and castle, both in the Ciudad Colonial area, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
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Egypt
Egypti/ˈiːdʒɪpt/ (Arabic: مصر, Miṣr, Egyptian Arabic: [mɑsˤɾ] ; Coptic: Ⲭⲏⲙⲓ, Kīmi ; Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲏⲙⲉ, Kēme), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: جمهوريّة مصر العربيّة (help·info), is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world. Covering an area of about 1,010,000 square kilometers (390,000 sq mi), Egypt is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.
Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East. The great majority of its over 81 million people live near the banks of the Nile River, in an area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large areas of the Sahara Desert are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.
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England
Englandi/ˈɪŋɡlənd/ is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, while the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separate it from continental Europe. Most of England comprises the central and southern part of the island of Great Britain in the North Atlantic. The country also includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly and the Isle of Wight.
The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period, but it takes its name from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries. England became a unified state in AD 927, and since the Age of Discovery, which began during the 15th century, has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world. The English language, the Anglican Church, and English law—the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world—developed in England, and the country's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations. The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England, transforming its society into the world's first industrialised nation. England's Royal Society laid the foundations of modern experimental science.
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Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea, officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, is a country located in Middle Africa. It has two parts: a Continental Region (Río Muni), including several small offshore islands including Corisco, Elobey Grande and Elobey Chico; and an insular region containing Annobón island and Bioko island (formerly Fernando Po) where the capital Malabo is situated.
Annobón is the southernmost island of Equatorial Guinea and is situated just south of the equator. Bioko island is the northernmost point of Equatorial Guinea. Between the two islands and to the east is the mainland region. Equatorial Guinea is bordered by Cameroon on the north, Gabon on the south and east, and the Gulf of Guinea on the west, where the island nation of São Tomé and Príncipe is located between Bioko and Annobón. Formerly the colony of Spanish Guinea, its post-independence name is suggestive of its location near both the equator and the Gulf of Guinea. Besides the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla on the Mediterranean coast next to Morocco, it is the only territory in mainland Africa with Spanish as the official language.
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Eritrea
Eritrea (
/ˌɛrɨˈtreɪ.ə/ or /ˌɛrɨˈtriːə/;Ge'ez: ኤርትራ ʾErtrā, Arabic: إرتريا Iritrīyā), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa. Eritrea is the Italian form of the Greek name Ἐρυθραίᾱ (Erythraíā), meaning "red [land]". The capital is Asmara. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The northeast and east of the country has an extensive coastline on the Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands are part of Eritrea. Eritrea's size is approximately 117,600 km2 (45,406 sq mi) with an estimated population of 6 million.
Together with northern Somalia, Ethiopia, Djibouti, and the Red Sea coast of Sudan, Eritrea is considered the most likely location of the land known to the ancient Egyptians as Punt (or "Ta Netjeru", meaning "God's Land"), whose first mention dates to the 25th century BC. The ancient Puntites were a nation of people that had close relations with Pharaonic Egypt during the times of Pharaoh Sahure and Queen Hatshepsut.
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Estonia
Estoniai/ɨsˈtoʊniə/ (Estonian: Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Estonian: Eesti Vabariik), is a state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea, to the south by Latvia (343 km), and to the east by Lake Peipus and the Russian Federation (338.6 km). Across the Baltic Sea lies Sweden in the west and Finland in the north. The territory of Estonia covers 45,227 km2 (17,462 sq mi), and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. The Estonians are a Finnic people, and the official language, Estonian, is closely related to Finnish.
Estonia is a democratic parliamentary republic divided into 15 counties. The capital and largest city is Tallinn. With a population of 1.29 million, it is one of the least-populous members of the European Union, Eurozone and NATO. Estonia has the highest GDP per person among former Soviet republics. Estonia is listed as a "High-Income Economy" by the World Bank and as an "advanced economy" by the International Monetary Fund; the country is an OECD member. The United Nations lists Estonia as a developed country with a Human Development Index of "Very High". The country is also ranked highly for press freedom, economic freedom, democracy and political freedom and education.
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Ethiopia
Ethiopia ( /ˌiːθiˈoʊpiə/) (Ge'ez: ኢትዮጵያ ʾĪtyōṗṗyā), officially known as the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country located in the Horn of Africa. It is the second-most populous nation in Africa, with over 82 million inhabitants, and the tenth largest by area, occupying 1,100,000 km2. Ethiopia is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Djibouti and Somalia to the east, Sudan and South Sudan to the west, and Kenya to the south. With its capital at Addis Ababa, it is also the most populous landlocked nation in the world.
Ethiopia was a monarchy for most of its history, and the Ethiopian dynasty traces its roots to the 2nd century BC. Ethiopia is also one of the oldest sites of human existence known to scientists today, having yielded some of humanity's oldest traces. It may be the region from which Homo sapiens first set out for the Middle East and points beyond. Alongside Rome, Persia, China and India, the Ethiopian Aksum Empire was considered one of the great world powers of the 3rd century. During the Scramble for Africa, Ethiopia was the only African country beside Liberia that retained its sovereignty as a recognized independent country, and was one of only four African members of the League of Nations. After a brief period of Italian occupation, Ethiopia became a charter member of the United Nations. When other African nations received their independence following World War II, many of them adopted the colors of Ethiopia's flag, and Addis Ababa became the location of several international organizations focused on Africa.
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Florida
Florida (i/ˈflɒrɪdə/) is a state in the southeastern United States, bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. Florida is the 22nd most extensive, the 4th most populous, and the 8th most densely populated of the 50 United States. The state capital is Tallahassee, its largest city is Jacksonville, and the South Florida metropolitan area is the largest metropolitan area in the southeastern U.S.
Much of Florida is situated on a peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida. Its geography is marked by a coastline, by the omnipresence of water and the threat of hurricanes. Florida has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, encompassing approximately 1,350 miles (2,170 km), and is the only state to border both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the state is at or near sea level and its terrain is characterized by sedimentary soils. The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south. Its symbolic animals like the American alligator, Florida panther and the manatee, can be found in the Everglades, one of the most famous national parks in the world.
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France
France (Englishi/ˈfræns/ FRANSS or /ˈfrɑːns/ FRAHNSS; French: [fʁɑ̃s] ( listen)), officially the French Republic (French: République française [ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz]), is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean. It is often referred to as l’Hexagone ("The Hexagon") because of the geometric shape of its territory. It is the largest western European country and it possesses the second-largest exclusive economic zone in the world, covering 11,035,000 km2 (4,260,000 sq mi), just behind that of the United States (11,351,000 km2 / 4,383,000 sq mi).
Over the past 500 years, France has been a major power with strong cultural, economic, military and political influence in Europe and around the world. During the 17th and 18th centuries, France colonised great parts of North America and Southeast Asia; during the 19th and early 20th centuries, France built the second largest colonial empire of the time, including large portions of North, West and Central Africa, Southeast Asia, and many Caribbean and Pacific Islands.
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Germany
Germany (i/ˈdʒɜrməni/), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland, pronounced [ˈbʊndəsʁepuˌbliːk ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ( listen)), is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state and the largest economy in the European Union. It is one of the major political powers of the European continent and a technological leader in many fields.
A region named Germania, inhabited by several Germanic peoples, was documented before AD 100. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward, and established successor kingdoms throughout much of Europe. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation while southern and western parts remained dominated by Roman Catholic denominations, with the two factions clashing in the Thirty Years' War, marking the beginning of the Catholic–Protestant divide that has characterized German society ever since. Occupied during the Napoleonic Wars, the rise of Pan-Germanism inside the German Confederation resulted in the unification of most of the German states into the German Empire in 1871 which was Prussian dominated. After the German Revolution of 1918–1919 and the subsequent military surrender in World War I, the Empire was replaced by the Weimar Republic in 1918, and partitioned in the Treaty of Versailles. Amidst the Great Depression, the Third Reich was proclaimed in 1933. The latter period was marked by Fascism and World War II. After 1945, Germany was divided by allied occupation, and evolved into two states, East Germany and West Germany. In 1990 Germany was reunified.
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Great Lakes
The Great Lakes are a collection of freshwater lakes located in northeastern North America, on the Canada–United States border which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence Seaway and the Great Lakes Waterway. Consisting of Lakes Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Ontario, they form the largest group of freshwater lakes on Earth comprising 21% of the world's surface fresh water. The total surface is 94,250 square miles (244,106 km2), and the total volume (measured at the low water datum) is 5,439 cubic miles (22,671 km3). The lakes are sometimes referred to as the North Coast or "Third Coast" by some citizens of the United States.
The lakes have been a major source of trade through this area, and they are home to a large number of aquatic species. Many invasive species have been introduced due to trade in the area, and some threaten the biodiversity of the area.
Though the five lakes reside in separate basins, they form a single, naturally interconnected body of fresh water. The lakes form a chain connecting the east-central interior of North America to the Atlantic Ocean. From the interior to the outlet at the St. Lawrence River, water flows from Superior to Michigan-Huron (in the hydrological sense, a single body of water), southward to Erie, and finally northward to Lake Ontario. The lakes drain a large watershed via many rivers, and are studded with approximately 35,000 islands. The Great Lakes region contains not only the five themselves but also many thousands of smaller lakes, often called inland lakes. Of the five lakes, Lake Michigan is the only one that is located entirely within the United States; the others form a water border between the United States and Canada.
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Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester is a metropolitan county in North West England, with a population of 2.6 million. It encompasses one of the largest metropolitan areas in the United Kingdom and comprises ten metropolitan boroughs: Bolton, Bury, Oldham, Rochdale, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford, Wigan, and the cities of Manchester and Salford. Greater Manchester was created on 1 April 1974 as a result of the Local Government Act 1972.
Greater Manchester spans 493 square miles (1,277 km2). It is landlocked and borders Cheshire (to the south-west and south), Derbyshire (to the south-east), West Yorkshire (to the north-east), Lancashire (to the north) and Merseyside (to the west). There is a mix of high-density urban areas, suburbs, semi-rural and rural locations in Greater Manchester, but overwhelmingly the land use is urban. It has a focused central business district, formed by Manchester city centre and the adjoining parts of Salford and Trafford, but Greater Manchester is also a polycentric county with ten metropolitan districts, each of which has at least one major town centre and outlying suburbs. The Greater Manchester Urban Area is the third most populous conurbation in the UK, and spans across most of the county's territory.
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Greece
Greecei/ˈɡriːs/ (Greek: Ελλάδα, Ellada, IPA: [eˈlaða] ( listen) historically in Katharevousa and Ancient Greek: Ἑλλάς, Hellas, IPA: [eˈlas] and [helːás] respectively), officially the Hellenic Republic (Ελληνική Δημοκρατία, Elliniki Dimokratia, IPA: [eliniˈci ðimokraˈtia]), is a country in Southern Europe, politically considered part of Western Europe.Athens is the capital and the largest city in the country (its urban area also including Piraeus). The population of the country is around 11 million.
Greece has land borders with Albania, the Republic of Macedonia and Bulgaria to the north, and Turkey to the east. The Aegean Sea lies to the east of mainland Greece, the Ionian Sea to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. Greece has the 11th longest coastline in the world at 13,676 km (8,498 mi) in length, featuring a vast number of islands (approximately 1,400, of which 227 are inhabited), including Crete, the Dodecanese, the Cyclades, and the Ionian Islands among others. Eighty percent of Greece consists of mountains, of which Mount Olympus is the highest at 2,917 m (9,570 ft).
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Guyana
Coordinates: 5°00′N 58°45′W / 5°N 58.75°W / 5; -58.75
Guyana (i/ɡaɪˈænə/ gy-AN-ə), officially the Co-operative Republic of Guyana, previously the colony of British Guiana, is a sovereign state on the northern coast of South America that is culturally part of the Anglophone Caribbean. Guyana was a former colony of the Dutch and (for over 200 years) the British. It is the only state of the Commonwealth of Nations on mainland South America, and the only one on that continent where English is an official language.It is one of the few Caribbean countries that is not an island. It is also a member of the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), which has its secretariat headquarters in Guyana's capital, Georgetown. Guyana achieved independence from the United Kingdom on 26 May 1966, and became a republic on 23 February 1970. In 2008 the country joined the Union of South American Nations as a founding member.
Historically, the region known as "Guiana" or "Guyana" comprised the large shield landmass north of the Amazon River and east of the Orinoco River known as the "Land of many waters". Historical Guyana is made up of three Dutch colonies: Essequibo, Demerara, and Berbice. Modern Guyana is bordered to the east by Suriname, to the south and southwest by Brazil, to the west by Venezuela, and on the north by the Atlantic Ocean.
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Hollywood
Hollywood is a district in Los Angeles, California, United States situated west-northwest of downtown Los Angeles. Due to its fame and cultural identity as the historical center of movie studios and movie stars, the word Hollywood is often used as a metonym of American cinema. Today, much of the movie industry has dispersed into surrounding areas such as the Westside neighborhood, and the San Fernando and Santa Clarita Valleys, but significant auxiliary industries, such as editing, effects, props, post-production, and lighting companies remain in Hollywood, as does the backlot of Paramount Pictures.
On February 16, 2005, California Assembly Members Jackie Goldberg and Paul Koretz introduced a bill to require California to keep specific records on Hollywood as if it were independent, although it is not the typical practice of the City of Los Angeles to establish specific boundaries for districts or neighborhoods. For this to be done, the boundaries were defined. The bill was unanimously supported by the Hollywood Chamber of Commerce and the Los Angeles City Council. Assembly Bill 588 was approved by the Governor of California on August 28, 2006, and now the district of Hollywood has official borders. The border can be loosely described as the area east of West Hollywood, south of Mulholland Drive, Laurel Canyon, Cahuenga Boulevard, and Barham Boulevard, and the cities of Burbank and Glendale, north of Melrose Avenue and west of the Golden State Freeway and Hyperion Avenue. This includes all of Griffith Park and Los Feliz[citation needed] – two areas that were hitherto considered separate from Hollywood by most Angelenos. The population of the district, including Los Feliz, as of the 2000 census was 123,436 and the median household income was $33,409 in 1999.
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Hungary
Hungaryi/ˈhʌŋɡəri/ (Hungarian: Magyarország [ˈmɒɟɒrorsaːɡ] ( listen)) is a country, which is located in Central Europe. It is situated in the Carpathian Basin and is bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine and Romania to the east, Serbia and Croatia to the south, Slovenia to the southwest and Austria to the west. The country's capital, and largest city, is Budapest. Hungary is a member of the European Union, NATO, the OECD, the Visegrád Group, and is a Schengen state. The official language is Hungarian, also known as Magyar, which is part of the Finno-Ugric group and is the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe.
Following a Celt (after c. 450 BC) and a Roman (AD 9 - c. 430) period, the foundation of Hungary was laid in the late 9th century by the Hungarian prince Árpád, whose great-grandson Saint Stephen I was crowned with a crown sent by the pope from Rome in 1000 AD. The Kingdom of Hungary lasted for 946 years, and at various points was regarded as one of the cultural centres of the Western world. After about 150 years of partial Ottoman occupation (1541–1699), Hungary was integrated into the Habsburg Monarchy, and later constituted half of the Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy (1867–1918).
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Indianapolis 500
The Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, also known as the Indianapolis 500, the 500 Miles at Indianapolis, the Indy 500 or The 500, is held annually, typically on the last weekend in May (specifically over the Memorial Day weekend) at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, Indiana. The event lends its name to the IndyCar class, or formula, of open-wheel race cars that have competed in it.
The event, billed as The Greatest Spectacle in Racing, is considered one of the three most significant motorsports events in the world. The official attendance is not disclosed by Speedway management, but the permanent seating capacity is more than 257,000 people, and infield seating raises capacity to an approximate 400,000.
The Indianapolis 500 is held annually at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, a 2.5 mile oval circuit. The race consists of 200 laps, run counterclockwise around the circuit, for a distance of 500 miles.
Traditionally, the field consists of 33 starters, aligned in a starting grid of eleven rows of three cars apiece. The event is contested by "Indy cars", a formula of professional-level, single-seat, open cockpit, open-wheel, purpose-built race cars. As of 2012, all entrants utilize 2.2 L V6 turbocharged engines, tuned to produce a range of 550–700 horsepower (410–520 kW).
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Iran
Coordinates: 32°N 53°E / 32°N 53°E / 32; 53
Iran (i/ɪˈrɑːn/ or /aɪˈræn/;Persian: ایران [ʔiˈɾɒn] ( listen)), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ایران Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān), is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran", which in Persian means "Land of the Aryans", has been in use natively since the Sassanian era. It came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia ( /ˈpɜrʒə/ or /ˈpɜrʃə/). Both "Persia" and "Iran" are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, "Iran" is the name used officially in political contexts.
The 18th-largest country in the world in terms of area at 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), Iran has a population of around 79 million. It is a country of particular geopolitical significance owing to its location in the Middle East and central Eurasia. Iran is bordered on the north by Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan. As Iran is a littoral state of the Caspian Sea, which is an inland sea, Kazakhstan and Russia are also Iran's direct neighbors to the north. Iran is bordered on the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, on the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, on the west by Iraq and on the northwest by Turkey. Tehran is the capital, the country's largest city and the political, cultural, commercial and industrial center of the nation. Iran is a regional power, and holds an important position in international energy security and world economy as a result of its large reserves of petroleum and natural gas. Iran has the second largest proven natural gas reserves in the world and the fourth largest proven petroleum reserves.
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Israel
Coordinates: 31°N 35°E / 31°N 35°E / 31; 35
Israel, officially the State of Israel ( /ˈɪzriːəl/ or /ˈɪzreɪəl/; Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Medīnat Yisrā'el, IPA: [me̞diˈnät jisʁäˈʔe̞l] ( listen); Arabic: دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل, Dawlat Isrāʼīl, IPA: [dawlat ʔisraːˈʔiːl]), is a parliamentary republic in the Middle East, along the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea. It borders Lebanon in the north, Syria in the northeast, Jordan and the West Bank in the east, Egypt and the Gaza Strip on the southwest, and the Gulf of Aqaba in the Red Sea to the south, and it contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel is defined as a Jewish and Democratic State in its Basic Laws and is the world's only Jewish-majority state.
Following the adoption of a resolution by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 29 November 1947 recommending the adoption and implementation of the United Nations plan to partition Palestine, on 14 May 1948 David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist Organization and president of the Jewish Agency for Palestine, declared the establishment of a Jewish state in Eretz Israel, to be known as the State of Israel, a state independent from the British Mandate for Palestine. Neighboring Arab states invaded the next day in support of the Palestinian Arabs. Israel has since fought several wars with neighboring Arab states, in the course of which it has occupied the West Bank, Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip and the Golan Heights. Portions of these territories, including east Jerusalem, have been annexed by Israel, but the border with the neighboring West Bank has not yet been permanently defined.[neutrality is disputed] Israel has signed peace treaties with Egypt and Jordan, but efforts to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict have so far not resulted in peace.
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Italy
Italyi/ˈɪtəli/ (Italian: Italia [iˈtaːlja]), officially the Italian Republic or the Republic of Italy (Italian: Repubblica italiana), is a unitary parliamentary republic in south-central Europe. To the north, it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south, it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia–the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea–and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, while Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some 301,338 km2 (116,347 sq mi) and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.6 million inhabitants, it is the fifth most populous country in Europe, and the 23rd most populous in the world.
Rome, the capital of Italy, was for centuries a political and religious centre of Western civilisation as the capital of the Roman Empire and site of the Holy See. After the decline of the Roman Empire, Italy endured numerous invasions by foreign peoples, from Germanic tribes such as the Lombards and Ostrogoths, to the Byzantines and later, the Normans, among others. Centuries later, Italy became the birthplace of Maritime republics and the Renaissance, an immensely fruitful intellectual movement that would prove to be integral in shaping the subsequent course of European thought.
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Jonestown
Jonestown was the informal name for the Peoples Temple Agricultural Project, an intentional community in northwestern Guyana formed by the Peoples Temple led by Jim Jones. It became internationally notorious when, on November 18, 1978, 918 people died in the settlement as well as in a nearby airstrip and in Georgetown, Guyana's capital. The name of the settlement became synonymous with the incidents at those locations.
A total of 909 Temple members died in Jonestown, all but two from apparent cyanide poisoning, in an event termed "revolutionary suicide" by Jones and some members on an audio tape of the event and in prior discussions. This includes over 200 murdered children. The poisonings in Jonestown followed the murder of five others by Temple members at a nearby Port Kaituma airstrip. The victims included United States Congressman Leo Ryan. Four other Temple members died in Georgetown at Jones's command.
To the extent the actions in Jonestown were viewed as a mass murder, it was the largest such event in modern history and resulted in the largest single loss of American civilian life in a non-natural disaster until the events of September 11, 2001.
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Katanga Province
Katanga is one of the provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Between 1971 and 1997 (during the rule of Mobutu Sese Seko when Congo was known as Zaire), its official name was Shaba Province.
Katanga's regional capital is Lubumbashi. Its area is 497,000 km², larger than California and 16 times larger than Belgium. Farming and ranching are carried out on the Katanga Plateau. The eastern part of the province is a rich mining region, which supplies cobalt, copper, tin, radium, uranium, and diamonds. The capital city, Lubumbashi, is the second largest city in the Congo.
Moïse Katumbi Chapwe, a businessman, is the governor of Katanga province. He took office on 24 February 2007.
Copper mining is an important part of the economy of Katanga province. Cobalt mining by individual contractors is also prevalent. There are a number of reasons cited for the discrepancy between the vast mineral wealth of the province and the failure of the wealth to increase the overall standard of living. Gécamines is the state owned mining company which has monopoly concessions in the province.
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Kenya
Kenya ( /ˈkɛnjə/ or /ˈkiːnjə/), officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in East Africa that lies on the equator. With the Indian Ocean to its south-east, it is bordered by Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya has a land area of 580,000 km2 and a population of nearly 41 million, representing 42 different peoples and cultures. The country is named after Mount Kenya, a significant landmark and second among Africa's highest mountain peaks. Kenya's capital and largest city is Nairobi.
Kenya has a warm and humid climate along its coastline on the Indian Ocean which changes to wildlife-rich savannah grasslands moving inland towards the capital Nairobi. Nairobi has a cool climate that gets colder approaching Mount Kenya, which has three permanently snow-capped peaks. The warm and humid tropical climate reappears further inland towards lake Victoria, before giving way to temperate forested and hilly areas in the western region. The North Eastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Lake Victoria, the world's second largest fresh-water lake (after Lake Superior in the US and Canada) and the world's largest tropical lake, is situated to the southwest and is shared with Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya is famous for its safaris and diverse world-famous wildlife reserves such as Tsavo National Park, the Maasai Mara, Nakuru National Park, and Aberdares National Park.
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Kolwezi
Kolwezi is a city in Katanga Province in the south of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, west of Likasi. It is home to an airport and a railway to Lubumbashi. The population is approximately 418,000.
Kolwezi is an important mining centre for copper and cobalt. There are also uranium, radium, oxide ores, and lime deposits. The Musonoi mine is a set of open-cut pits near Kolwezi from which copper and other metals have been extracted since the 1940s. The nearby Lake Nzilo was created by damming the Lualaba River to provide a source of hydroelectric power and a reservoir of water for the mining activities.
The city was created in 1937 to be the headquarters for the western mining group of the High Katanga Mining Association (UMHK).
On Saturday,13 May 1978, Ex - Katanges Soldiers supported by Angola, occupied the city. The government of Zaire asked Belgium, France, Morocco and the United States to restore order. The 2e REP, an elite paratroopers unit of the French Foreign Legion, were sent in to drive out the rebels and rescue any hostages. The Belgian army also deployed a force of some 750 Paracommando Regiment paratroopers and moved out just over 1,800 Europeans to other cities in the region. 700 Africans, including 250 rebels, 170 European hostages and 6 paratroopers died.
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Lebanon
Lebanon (i/ˈlɛbənɒn/ or /ˈlɛbənən/; Arabic: لبنان Libnān or Lubnān, Lebanese Arabic: [lɪbˈneːn]), officially the Lebanese Republic (Arabic: الجمهورية اللبنانية al-Jumhūrīyah al-Libnānīyah, Lebanese Arabic: [elˈʒʊmhuːɾɪjje l.ˈlɪbneːnɪjje]), is a country in the East Mediterranean. It is bordered by Syria to the north and east, and Israel to the south. Lebanon's location at the crossroads of the Mediterranean Basin and the Arabian hinterland has dictated its rich history, and shaped a cultural identity of religious and ethnic diversity.
The earliest evidence of civilization in Lebanon dates back more than 7,000 years—predating recorded history. Lebanon was the home of the Phoenicians, a maritime culture that flourished for nearly 2,500 years (3000–539 BC). Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire after World War I, the five provinces that comprise modern Lebanon were mandated to France. The French expanded the borders of Mount Lebanon, which was mostly populated by Maronite Catholics and Druze, to include more Muslims. Lebanon gained independence in 1943, and established a unique political system, known as confessionalism, a power-sharing mechanism based on religious communities – Bechara El Khoury who became independent Lebanon's first President and Riad El-Solh, who became Lebanon's first prime minister, are considered the founders of the modern Republic of Lebanon and are national heroes for having led the country's independence. French troops withdrew from Lebanon in 1946.
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Los Angeles
Los Angeles (i/lɒs ˈændʒələs/ loss-AN-jə-ləs; Spanish: [los ˈaŋxeles], which is written Los Ángeles; British pronounciation /lɒs ˈændʒəliːz/ loss-AN-jə-leez) with a population at the 2010 United States Census of 3,792,621, is the most populous city in the state of California, and the second most populous in the United States, after New York City. It has an area of 468.67 square miles (1,213.8 km2), and is located in Southern California. Often known by its initials L.A., the city is the focal point of the larger Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana metropolitan statistical area and Greater Los Angeles Area region, which contain 12,828,837 and nearly 18 million people respectively as of 2010, making it one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world and the second largest in the United States. Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated and one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the United States, while the entire Los Angeles area itself has been recognized as the most diverse of the nation's largest cities. The city's inhabitants are referred to as "Angelenos".
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Mexico City
Mexico City ( /ˈmɛksɨkoʊ ˈsɪti/; Spanish: Ciudad de México [sjuˈðað ðe ˈmexiko], also known as México D.F., or simply D.F.) is the Federal District (Distrito Federal), capital of Mexico and seat of the federal powers of the Mexican Union. It is a federal entity within Mexico which is not part of any one of the 31 Mexican states but belongs to the federation as a whole. Mexico City is the country's largest city as well as its most important political, cultural, educational and financial center.
As an "alpha" global city Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in North America. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle de México), a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 metres (7,350 ft). The city consists of sixteen boroughs.
The 2009 estimated population for the city proper was around 8.84 million people, and has a land area of 1,485 square kilometres (573 sq mi). According to the most recent definition agreed upon by the federal and state governments, the Mexico City metropolitan area population is 21.2 million people, making it the largest metropolitan area in the western hemisphere and the fifth largest agglomeration in the world.
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Miserey
Coordinates: 49°01′19″N 1°16′16″E / 49.0219°N 1.2711°E / 49.0219; 1.2711
Miserey is a commune in the Eure department in Haute-Normandie in northern France.
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Nanjing
Nanjing (Chinese: 南京; pinyin: Nánjīng; Wade–Giles: Nan-ching) is the capital of Jiangsu province in China and has a prominent place in Chinese history and culture, having been the capital of China on several occasions. Its present name means "Southern Capital" and was widely romanized as Nankin and Nanking until the Pinyin language reform, after which Nanjing was gradually adopted as the standard spelling of the city's name in most languages that use the Roman alphabet.
Located in the lower Yangtze River drainage basin and Yangtze River Delta economic zone, Nanjing has long been one of China's most important cities. It is recognized as one of the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China. It was the capital of Sun Quan's Wu during the Three Kingdoms Period and the capital of the Republic of China prior to its flight to Taiwan during the Chinese Civil War. Nanjing is also one of the fifteen sub-provincial cities in the People's Republic of China's administrative structure, enjoying jurisdictional and economic autonomy only slightly less than that of a province. Nanjing has long been a national center of education, research, transport networks, and tourism. The city will host the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics.
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New England
New England is a region in the northeastern corner of the United States consisting of the six states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. New England is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean, Canada (the Canadian Maritimes and Quebec) and the state of New York.
In one of the earliest English settlements in North America, Pilgrims from England first settled in New England in 1620, to form Plymouth Colony. Ten years later, the Puritans settled north of Plymouth Colony in Boston, thus forming Massachusetts Bay Colony. Over the next 130 years, New England fought in four French and Indian Wars, until the British defeated the French and their native allies in North America. In the late 18th century, the New England Colonies initiated the resistance to the British Parliament's efforts to impose new taxes without the consent of the colonists. The Boston Tea Party was a protest that angered Great Britain, which responded with the "Intolerable Acts", stripping the colonies of self-government. The confrontation led to open warfare in 1775, the expulsion of the British from New England in spring 1776, and the Declaration of Independence in July 1776.
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New South Wales
Coordinates: 32°0′S 147°0′E / 32°S 147°E / -32; 147
New South Wales (abbreviated as NSW) is a state of Australia, located in the east of the country. It is bordered by Queensland, Victoria and South Australia to the north, south and west respectively. To the east, the state is bordered by the Tasman Sea, which forms part of the Pacific Ocean. New South Wales encompasses the whole of the Australian Capital Territory. The state capital is Sydney, which is also the state's most populous city. As of June 2010[update], the estimated population was 7,238,819, which was 34.5% of the population of Australia, making it Australia's most populous state. Inhabitants of New South Wales are referred to as New South Welshmen.
The colony of New South Wales was founded in 1788 and originally comprised much of the Australian mainland, as well as Van Diemen's Land, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island, in addition to the area currently referred to as the state of New South Wales, which was formed during Federation in 1901. New Zealand briefly became a part of New South Wales when it was annexed by Britain in 1840. During the 19th century, large areas were successively separated to form the British colonies of Tasmania (established as a separate colony named Van Diemen's Land in 1825), South Australia (1836), Victoria (1851) and Queensland (1859).
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New York City
New York is the most populous city in the United States and the center of the New York Metropolitan Area, one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. The city is referred to as New York City or The City of New York to distinguish it from the State of New York, of which it is a part. As a global power city, New York exerts a significant impact upon commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. The home of the United Nations Headquarters, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has been described as the cultural capital of the world.
Located on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of which comprises a state county. The five boroughs—The Bronx, Brooklyn, Manhattan, Queens, and Staten Island—were consolidated into a single city in 1898. With a Census-estimated 2011 population of 8,244,910 distributed over a land area of just 305 square miles (790 km2), New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. The New York City Metropolitan Area's population is the United States' largest, with 18.9 million people distributed over 6,720 square miles (17,400 km2), and is also part of the most populous combined statistical area in the United States, containing 22.1 million people as of the 2010 Census.
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New Zealand
New Zealand (Māori: Aotearoa) is an island country located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The country geographically comprises two main landmasses ‒ that of the North and South Islands ‒ as well as numerous smaller islands. New Zealand is situated some 1,500 kilometres (900 mi) east of Australia across the Tasman Sea and roughly 1,000 kilometres (600 mi) south of the Pacific island nations of New Caledonia, Fiji, and Tonga. Because of its remoteness, it was one of the last lands to be settled by humans.
During its long isolation, New Zealand developed a distinctive biodiversity of both animal and plant life. Most notable are the large number of unique bird species, many of which became extinct after the arrival of humans and introduced mammals. With a mild maritime climate, the land was mostly covered in forest. The country's varied topography and its sharp mountain peaks owe much to the tectonic uplift of land and volcanic eruptions caused by the Pacific and Indo-Australian Plates clashing beneath the earth's surface.
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Nicaragua
Nicaragua (i/ˌnɪkəˈrɑːɡwə/ nik-ə-RAH-gwə), officially the Republic of Nicaragua (Spanish: República de Nicaragua [reˈpuβlika ðe nikaˈɾaɣwa] ( listen)), is the largest country in the Central American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The country is situated between 11 and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere, which places it entirely within the tropics. The Pacific Ocean lies to the west, and the Caribbean Sea to the east. The country's physical geography divides it into three major zones: Pacific lowlands; wet, cooler central highlands; and the Caribbean lowlands. On the Pacific side of the country are the two largest fresh water lakes in Central America—Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua. Surrounding these lakes and extending to their northwest along the rift valley of the Gulf of Fonseca are fertile lowland plains, with soil highly enriched by ash from nearby volcanoes of the central highlands. Nicaragua's abundance of biologically significant and unique ecosystems contribute to Mesoamerica's designation as a biodiversity hotspot.
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Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Norwegian and Swedish: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Literature. It is awarded to those who have "done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses."
Per Alfred Nobel's will, the recipient is selected by the Norwegian Nobel Committee, a 5-member committee appointed by the Parliament of Norway. Since 1990, the prize is awarded in Oslo City Hall on 10 December each year. The prize was formerly awarded in the Atrium of the University of Oslo Faculty of Law (1947–89), the Norwegian Nobel Institute (1905–46) and the Parliament (1901–04).
According to Nobel's will, the Peace Prize shall be awarded to the person who "shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses."
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Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland (Irish: Tuaisceart Éireann pronounced [ˈt̪ˠuəʃcəɾˠt̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ] ( listen), Ulster Scots: Norlin Airlann or Norlin Airlan) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland. It shares a border with the Republic of Ireland to the south and west. As of 2001, its population was 1,685,000, constituting about 30% of the island's total population and about 3% of the population of the United Kingdom. Since the signing of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998, Northern Ireland is largely self-governing. According to the agreement, Northern Ireland co-operates with the rest of Ireland – from which it was partitioned in 1921 — on some policy areas, while other areas are reserved for the Government of the United Kingdom, though the Republic of Ireland "may put forward views and proposals".
Northern Ireland was for many years the site of a violent and bitter inter-communal conflict — the Troubles — which was caused by divisions between nationalists, who are predominantly Roman Catholic, and unionists, who are predominantly Protestant. Unionists want Northern Ireland to remain as a part of the United Kingdom, and generally see themselves as British, while nationalists wish for it to be politically reunited with the rest of Ireland, independent of British rule, and generally see themselves as Irish. Additionally, people from both sides of the community may describe themselves as Northern Irish. Since 1998, most of the paramilitary groups involved in the Troubles have ceased their armed campaigns.
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Norway
Norwayi/ˈnɔrweɪ/ (Norwegian: Norge (Bokmål) or Noreg (Nynorsk)), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and the subantarctic Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of 385,252 square kilometres (148,747 sq mi) and a population of about 5 million. It is the second least densely populated country in Europe. The majority of the country shares a border to the east with Sweden; its northernmost region is bordered by Finland to the south and Russia to the east; in its south Norway borders the Skagerrak Strait across from Denmark. The capital city of Norway is Oslo. Norway's extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea, is home to its famous fjords.
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Ogaden
Ogaden (pronounced and often spelled Ogadēn; Somali: Ogaadeen, Amharic: ኦጋዴን?) is the name of a territory comprising the southeastern portion of the Somali Regional State in Ethiopia. The inhabitants are predominantly ethnic Somali and Muslim. The title "Somali Galbeed", which means "Western Somalia," is often preferred by Somali irredentists.
The region, which is around 200,000 square kilometres, borders Djibouti, Kenya, and Somalia. Important towns include Jijiga (Jigjiga), Awbere, Feer Feer, Degehabur, Raaso, (Dhagaxbuur in Somali), Gode (Godey), Kebri Dahar (Qabridahare), Fiq, Shilavo (Shilaabo), Kelafo, Werder (Wardheer), and Denan.
The Ogaden is a plateau, with an elevation above sea level that ranges from 1,500 metres in the northwest, falling to about 300 metres along the southern limits and the Wabi Shebelle valley. The areas with altitudes between 1,400 and 1,600 metres are characterized as semi-arid; receiving as much as 500–600 mm of rainfall annually. More typical of the Ogaden is an average annual rainfall of 350 mm and less. The landscape consists of dense shrubland, bush grassland and bare hills. In more recent years, the Ogaden has suffered from increasingly erratic rainfall patterns, which has led to an increasing frequency of major droughts: in 1984-85; 1994; and most recently in 1999-2000, during which pastoralists claim to have lost 70-90 percent of their cattle.
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Oldham
Coordinates: 53°32′40″N 2°07′01″W / 53.5444°N 2.1169°W / 53.5444; -2.1169
Oldham ( /ˈoʊldəm/) is a large town in Greater Manchester, England. It lies amid the Pennines on elevated ground between the rivers Irk and Medlock, 5.3 miles (8.5 km) south-southeast of Rochdale, and 6.9 miles (11.1 km) northeast of the city of Manchester. Oldham is surrounded by several smaller settlements which together form the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, of which Oldham is the administrative centre.
Historically a part of Lancashire, and with little early history to speak of, Oldham rose to prominence during the 19th century as an international centre of textile manufacture. It was a boomtown of the Industrial Revolution, and among the first ever industrialised towns, rapidly becoming "one of the most important centres of cotton and textile industries in England". At its zenith, it was the most productive cotton spinning mill town in the world, spinning more cotton than France and Germany combined. Oldham's textile industry began to fall into decline during the mid-20th century, and its last mill closed in 1998.
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Panama
Panama (i/ˈpænəmɑː/ PAN-ə-mah; Spanish: Panamá), officially the Republic of Panama (Spanish: República de Panamá [reˈpuβlika ðe panaˈma]), is the southernmost country of Central America. Situated on the isthmus connecting North and South America, it is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south. The capital is Panama City. Explored and settled by the Spanish in the 16th century, Panama broke with Spain in 1821 and joined a union of Nueva Granada, Ecuador, and Venezuela, named the Republic of Gran Colombia.When Gran Colombia the dissolved in 1831, Panama and Nueva Granada remained joined. Nueva Granada later became the Republic of Colombia.
With the backing of the United States, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903, allowing the Panama Canal to be built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers between 1904 and 1914. In 1977, an agreement was signed for the complete transfer of the Canal from the United States to Panama by the end of the century.
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Panama Canal
The Panama Canal (Spanish: Canal de Panamá) is an 82-kilometre (51 mi) ship canal in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean (via the Caribbean Sea) to the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a key conduit for international maritime trade.
Work on the canal, which began in 1880, was completed in 1914, making it no longer necessary for ships to sail the lengthy Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America and to navigate the dangerous waters of the Strait of Magellan. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut made it possible for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans in half the time previously required. The shorter, faster, safer route to the U.S. West Coast and to nations in and along the Pacific Ocean allowed those places to become more integrated with the world economy.
Ownership of the territory that is now the Panama Canal was first Colombian, then French and then American before coming under the control of the Panamanian government in 1999. The Panama Canal has seen annual traffic rise from about 1,000 ships when it opened in 1914, to 14,702 vessels in 2008, the latter measuring a total of 309.6 million Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) tons. By 2008, more than 815,000 vessels had passed through the canal, many of them much larger than the original planners could have envisioned; the largest ships that can transit the canal today are called Panamax. The American Society of Civil Engineers has named the Panama Canal one of the seven wonders of the modern world.
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Paris
Coordinates: 48°51′24″N 2°21′03″E / 48.8567°N 2.3508°E / 48.8567; 2.3508
Paris (i/ˈpærɨs/; French: [paʁi] ( listen)) is the capital and largest city of France. It is situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region (or Paris Region, French: Région parisienne). As of January 2008 the city of Paris, within its administrative limits (the 20 arrondissements) largely unchanged since 1860, has an estimated population of 2,211,297 and a metropolitan population of 12,089,098, and is one of the most populated metropolitan areas in Europe. Paris was the largest city in the Western world for about 1,000 years, prior to the 19th century, and the largest in the entire world between the 16th and 19th centuries.
Paris is today one of the world's leading business and cultural centres, and its influences in politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion, science, and the arts all contribute to its status as one of the world's major global cities. It hosts the headquarters of many international organizations such as UNESCO, the OECD, the International Chamber of Commerce or the European Space Agency. Paris is considered one of the greenest and most liveable cities in Europe. It is also one of the most expensive.
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Poland
Polandi/ˈpoʊlənd/ (Polish: Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Polish: Rzeczpospolita Polska; Kashubian: Pòlskô Repùblika; Silesian: Polsko Republika), is a country in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north. The total area of Poland is 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq mi), making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. Poland has a population of over 38 million people, which makes it the 34th most populous country in the world and the sixth most populous member of the European Union, being its most populous post-communist member. Poland is a unitary state made up of 16 voivodeships. Poland is a member of the European Union, NATO, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), European Economic Area, International Energy Agency, Council of Europe, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, International Atomic Energy Agency, G6, Council of the Baltic Sea States, Visegrád Group, Weimar Triangle and Schengen Agreement.
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Republic of Ireland
Ireland (/ˈaɪərlənd/ or /ˈɑrlənd/; Irish: Éire, pronounced [ˈeːɾʲə] ( listen)) is a sovereign state in Europe occupying about five-sixths of the island of Ireland. Its capital is Dublin. The population of the state was 4.59 million in 2011. It is a constitutional republic governed as a parliamentary democracy, with an elected president serving as head of state. In the 1937 constitution, the name of the state is given as simply "Ireland". The Constitution of Ireland (Article 4) and the Republic of Ireland Act 1948 provides that the "Republic of Ireland" (Irish: Poblacht na hÉireann) is "the description of the state".
Ireland is a member of the European Union, the Council of Europe, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the World Trade Organisation and the United Nations. A developed country with the seventh highest Human Development Index, Ireland is also highly ranked for press freedom, economic freedom and democracy and political freedom.
The modern Irish state was established in 1922 as the Irish Free State, a dominion within the British Empire, following the Anglo-Irish Treaty which brought an end to the Irish War of Independence. The partition of Ireland had already been provided for in previous British legislation in 1921 in response to opposition to Irish Home Rule or independence by Unionists, who formed a majority in the north-eastern part of the country. Six of the nine counties in the northern province of Ulster were established under that legislation as Northern Ireland, part of the United Kingdom, with which the Irish state shares its only land border. The state is otherwise surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the Celtic Sea to the south, St George's Channel to the south east, and the Irish Sea to the east.
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Rome
Rome (/ˈroʊm/; Italian: Roma pronounced [ˈroːma] ( listen); Latin: Rōma) is a city and special comune ("Roma Capitale") in Italy. Rome is the capital of Italy and the capital of Lazio (Latin: Latium). With 2.8 million residents in 1,285.3 km2 (496.3 sq mi), it is also the country's largest and most populated comune and fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. Between 3.2 and 3.7 million people live in the Rome metropolitan area. The city is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, on the Tiber River within the Lazio region of Italy.
Rome's history spans two and a half thousand years. It was the capital city of the Roman Kingdom, the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire, which was the dominant power in Western Europe and the lands bordering the Mediterranean for over seven hundred years from the 1st century BC until the 7th century AD and the city is regarded as one of the birthplaces of western civilization. Since the 1st century AD Rome has been the seat of the Papacy and, after the end of Byzantine domination, in the 8th century it became the capital of the Papal States, which lasted until 1870. In 1871 Rome became the capital of the Kingdom of Italy, and in 1946 that of the Italian Republic.
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San Diego
San Diego /ˌsæn diːˈeɪɡoʊ/ is the eighth-largest city in the United States and second-largest city in California. The city is located on the coast of the Pacific Ocean in Southern California, immediately adjacent to the Mexican border. The birthplace of California, San Diego is known for its mild year-round climate, natural deep-water harbor, extensive beaches, long association with the U.S. Navy, and recent emergence as a healthcare and biotechnology enclave. The population was 1,301,617 at the 2010 census.
Historically home to the Kumeyaay people, San Diego was the first site visited by Europeans on what is now the West Coast of the United States. Upon landing in San Diego Bay in 1542, Juan Cabrillo claimed the entire area for Spain, forming the basis for the settlement of Alta California 200 years later. The Presidio and Mission of San Diego, founded in 1769, were the first European settlement in what is now California. In 1821, San Diego became part of newly independent Mexico, and in 1850, became part of the United States following the Mexican-American War and the admission of California to the union.
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San Francisco
San Francisco (/ˌsæn frənˈsɪskoʊ/), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the financial, cultural, and transportation center of the San Francisco Bay Area, a region of 7.6 million people which includes San Jose and Oakland. The only consolidated city-county in California, it encompasses a land area of about 46.9 square miles (121 km2) on the northern end of the San Francisco Peninsula, giving it a density of about 17,179 people per square mile (6,632 people per km2). It is the most densely settled large city (population greater than 200,000) in the state of California and the second-most densely populated large city in the United States after New York City. San Francisco is the fourth most populous city in California and the 13th most populous city in the United States, with a population of 805,235 as of the 2010 Census. The San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont metropolitan area has a population of 4,335,391.
In 1776, colonists from Spain established a fort at the Golden Gate and a mission named for Francis of Assisi a few miles away. The California Gold Rush of 1849 propelled the city into a period of rapid growth, increasing the population in one year from 1,000 to 25,000, and thus transforming it into the largest city on the West Coast at the time. After three-quarters of the city was destroyed by the 1906 earthquake and fire, San Francisco was quickly rebuilt, hosting the Panama-Pacific International Exposition nine years later. During World War II, San Francisco was the port of embarkation for service members shipping out to the Pacific Theater. After the war, the confluence of returning servicemen, massive immigration, liberalizing attitudes, and other factors led to the Summer of Love and the gay rights movement, cementing San Francisco as a center of liberal activism in the United States.
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Sarajevo
Sarajevo (Cyrillic: Сарајево) (pronounced [sǎrajɛʋɔ]) is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with an estimated population of over 311,161 people within its administrative limits. It is also the capital of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina entity, as well as the center of the Sarajevo Canton, which has a population of 438,757. Nestled within the greater Sarajevo valley of Bosnia, it is surrounded by the Dinaric Alps and situated along the Miljacka River in the heart of Southeastern Europe and the Balkans.
Sarajevo is the leading social and cultural center of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and its region-wide influence in politics, education, entertainment, media, fashion, science, and the arts contribute to its status as Bosnia and Herzegovina's major economic center.
The city is historically famous for its traditional cultural and religious diversity, with adherents of Islam, Orthodoxy, Catholicism and Judaism coexisting there for centuries. Due to this long and rich history of religious and cultural variety, Sarajevo is often called the "Jerusalem of Europe" or "Jerusalem of the Balkans". It was, until recently in the 20th century, the only major European city to have a mosque, cathedral, Orthodox church and synagogue within the same neighborhood.
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Scotland Yard
Scotland Yard (officially New Scotland Yard, though an official Scotland Yard never has existed) is a metonym for the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service of the British capital, London. It derives from the location of the original Metropolitan Police headquarters at 4 Whitehall Place, which had a rear entrance on a street called Great Scotland Yard. The Scotland Yard entrance became the public entrance to the police station. Over time, the street and the Metropolitan Police became synonymous. The New York Times wrote in 1964 that, just as Wall Street gave its name to the New York financial world, Scotland Yard did the same for police activity in London. The Metropolitan Police moved away from Scotland Yard in 1890, and the name "New Scotland Yard" was adopted for the new headquarters.
Commonly known as the "Met", the Metropolitan Police Service is responsible for law enforcement within Greater London, excluding the square mile of the City of London, which is covered by the City of London Police. The London Underground and national rail network are the responsibility of the British Transport Police. The Metropolitan Police was formed by Home Secretary Sir Robert Peel with the implementation of the Metropolitan Police Act, passed by Parliament in 1829. Peel, with the help of Eugène-François Vidocq, selected the original site at 4 Whitehall Place for the new police headquarters. The first two Commissioners, Charles Rowan and Richard Mayne, along with various police officers and staff, occupied the building. Previously a private house, 4 Whitehall Place backed onto a street called Great Scotland Yard.
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Solomon Islands
Solomon Islandsi/ˈsɒləmən ˈaɪləndz/ is a sovereign state in Oceania, east of Papua New Guinea, consisting of nearly one thousand islands. It covers a land mass of 28,400 square kilometres (11,000 sq mi). The capital, Honiara, is located on the island of Guadalcanal. The nation of the Solomon Islands is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations.
The Solomon Islands are believed to have been inhabited by Melanesian people for many thousands of years. Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña was the first European to arrive in Solomon Islands in 1568 and named them Islas Salomón. The United Kingdom established a protectorate over the Solomon Islands in 1893. In the Second World War there was fierce fighting between the Americans and the Japanese in the Solomon Islands campaign of 1942–45, including the Battle of Guadalcanal.
Self-government was achieved in 1976 and independence two years later. The Solomon Islands is a constitutional monarchy with the Queen of the Solomon Islands, at present Elizabeth II, as the head of state. Gordon Lilo Darcy is the eleventh and current Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands.
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Somalia
Somalia ( /soʊˈmɑːliə/ soh-MAH-lee-ə; Somali: Soomaaliya; Arabic: الصومال aṣ-Ṣūmāl), officially the Somali Republic (Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Soomaaliya, Arabic: جمهورية الصومال Jumhūriyyat aṣ-Ṣūmāl) and formerly known as the Somali Democratic Republic under Socialist rule, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. Since the outbreak of the Somali Civil War in 1991 there has been no central government control over most of the country's territory. The internationally recognized Transitional Federal Government controls only a small part of the country. Somalia has been characterized as a failed state and is one of the poorest and most violent states in the world.
Somalia lies in the easternmost part of Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya to the southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Ethiopia to the west. It has the longest coastline on the continent, and its terrain consists mainly of plateaus, plains and highlands. Hot conditions prevail year-round, along with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union (Russian: Советский Союз, tr. Sovetsky Soyuz), officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR; Russian: Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик, tr. Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik; IPA: [sɐˈjus sɐˈvʲetskʲɪx sətsɨəlʲɪˈstʲitɕɪskʲɪx rʲɪsˈpublʲɪk] ( listen); abbreviated СССР, SSSR), was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.
The Soviet Union was a single-party state ruled by the Communist Party from its foundation until 1990. A union of 15 subnational Soviet republics, the Soviet state was structured under a highly centralized government and economy.
The Russian Revolution of 1917 caused the downfall of the Russian Empire. Following the Russian Revolution, there was a struggle for power between the Bolshevik party, led by Vladimir Lenin, and the anti-communist White movement. In December 1922, the Bolsheviks won the civil war, and the Soviet Union was formed with the merger of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, the Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.
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Spain
Spain (i/ˈspeɪn/ SPAYN; Spanish: España, pronounced: [esˈpaɲa] ( listen)), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Spanish: Reino de España), is a sovereign state and a member of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar; to the north and north east by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; and to the northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.
Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, and two autonomous cities in North Africa, Ceuta and Melilla, that border Morocco. Furthermore, the town of Llívia is a Spanish exclave situated inside French territory. With an area of 504,030 square kilometres (194,610 sq mi), it is the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union after France, and the fourth largest country in Europe after Russia, Ukraine and France.
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Stonewall Riots
The Stonewall riots were a series of spontaneous, violent demonstrations against a police raid that took place in the early morning hours of June 28, 1969, at the Stonewall Inn, in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of New York City. They are frequently cited as the first instance in American history when people in the homosexual community fought back against a government-sponsored system that persecuted sexual minorities, and they have become the defining event that marked the start of the gay rights movement in the United States and around the world.
American gays and lesbians in the 1950s and 1960s faced a legal system more anti-homosexual than those of some Warsaw Pact countries. Early homophile groups in the U.S. sought to prove that gay people could be assimilated into society, and they favored non-confrontational education for homosexuals and heterosexuals alike. The last years of the 1960s, however, were very contentious, as many social movements were active, including the African American Civil Rights Movement, the Counterculture of the 1960s, and antiwar demonstrations. These influences, along with the liberal environment of Greenwich Village, served as catalysts for the Stonewall riots.
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Switzerland
Switzerland (German: die Schweiz[ˈʃvaɪts]; French: Suisse [sɥis(ə)]; Italian: Svizzera [ˈzvit͡sːɛra]; Romansh: Svizra [ˈʒviːtsrɐ] or [ˈʒviːtsʁːɐ]), in its full name the Swiss Confederation (Latin: Confoederatio Helvetica, hence its abbreviation CH), is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in western Europe, where it is bordered by Germany to the north, France to the west, Italy to the south, and Austria and Liechtenstein to the east.
Switzerland is a landlocked country geographically divided between the Alps, the Swiss Plateau and the Jura, spanning an area of 41,285 km2 (15,940 sq mi). While the Alps occupy the greater part of the territory, the Swiss population of approximately 8 million people is concentrated mostly on the Plateau, where the largest cities are to be found. Among them are the two global cities and economic centres of Zurich and Geneva.
The Swiss Confederation has a long history of armed neutrality—it has not been in a state of war internationally since 1815—and did not join the United Nations until 2002. It pursues, however, an active foreign policy and is frequently involved in peace-building processes around the world. Switzerland is also the birthplace of the Red Cross and home to a large number of international organizations, including the second largest UN office. On the European level, it is a founding member of the European Free Trade Association and is part of the Schengen Area – although it is notably not a member of the European Union, nor the European Economic Area.
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Sydney
Sydney ( /sɪdni/) is the most populous city in Australia and the state capital of New South Wales. Sydney is classified as an Alpha+ World City indicating its influence in the region and throughout the world.
Sydney is located on Australia's south-east coast of the Tasman Sea. As of June 2010, the greater metropolitan area had an approximate population of 4.6 million people. Inhabitants of Sydney are called Sydneysiders, comprising a cosmopolitan and international population.
The site of the first British colony in Australia, Sydney was established in 1788 at Sydney Cove by Arthur Phillip, commodore of the First Fleet as a penal colony. The city is built on hills surrounding Port Jackson which is commonly known as Sydney Harbour, where the iconic Sydney Opera House and the Harbour Bridge feature prominently. The hinterland of the metropolitan area is surrounded by national parks, and the coastal regions feature many bays, rivers, inlets and beaches including the famous Bondi Beach and Manly Beach. Within the city are many notable parks, including Hyde Park and the Royal Botanic Gardens.
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Tabriz
Tabriz (Persian/Azerbaijani:تبریز) ( pronunciation (help·info)) is the fifth largest city and one of the historical capitals of Iran and the capital of East Azerbaijan Province. Situated at an altitude of 1,350 meters at the junction of the Quru River and Aji River, it was the second largest city in Iran until the late 1960s, one of its former capitals, and residence of the crown prince under the Qajar dynasty. The city has proven extremely influential in the country’s recent history. Tabriz is located in a valley to the north of the long ridge of the volcanic cone of Sahand, south of the Eynali mountain. The valley opens out into a plain that slopes gently down to the northern end of Lake Urmia, 60 km to the west. With cold winters and temperate summers the city is considered a summer resort.
The estimated population of the city is around 1,400,000 based on results of the Iranian census bureau. Tabriz is the fourth most populous city in Iran after Tehran, Mashhad, and Esfahan, and is also a major Iranian heavy industrial and manufacturing center. Some of these industries include automobile, machine tools, oil and petrochemical and cement production.
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Tanzania
Coordinates: 6°18′25″S 34°51′14″E / 6.307°S 34.854°E / -6.307; 34.854 Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( /ˌtænzəˈniːə/ Swahili: Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north, Rwanda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west, and Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique to the south. The country's eastern border lies on the Indian Ocean.
Tanzania is a state composed of 26 regions (mikoa), including those of the semi-autonomous region of Zanzibar. The head of state is President Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete, elected in 2005. Since 1996, the official capital of Tanzania has been Dodoma, where Parliament and some government offices are located. Between independence and 1996, the main coastal city of Dar es Salaam served as the country's political capital. Today, Dar es Salaam remains the principal commercial city of Tanzania and the de facto seat of most government institutions. It is the major seaport for the country and its landlocked neighbours.
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Tehran
Tehran ( pronunciation (help·info)) (Persian: تهران Tehrān; pronounced [tehˈɾɒːn]), sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, the largest city in Western Asia, one of the largest in Southern Asia, and the 19th-largest city globally.
In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to mass-migration of people from all around Iran. The city is home to many historic mosques, churches, synagogues and Zoroastrian fire temples. Contemporary Tehran is a modern city featuring many structures, of which the Azadi (Freedom) Tower and the Milad Tower have come to be symbols of Tehran itself. In 2008 Tehran was the least expensive capital in the world and the second-least expensive city globally based on the cost-of-living index presenting the best value for money in the world. Globally it stands 19th by city population, 56th by the size of its GDP and 29th by the population of its metropolitan area. Throughout Iran's history, the capital city has been relocated many times, with Tehran being the 32nd national capital of Iran. Persian is the city's native tongue, with roughly 98% of the population able to speak and understand it. The majority of people in Tehran identify themselves as Persians. In pre-Islamic and early Islamic times, Tehran was called Ray (which in the Avesta occurs in the form of Ragha)[citation needed].
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Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki (Greek: Θεσσαλονίκη [θesaloˈnici] ( listen)), also known as Thessalonica ( /ˌθɛsəlɵˈnaɪkə/) and historically known as Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece and the capital of the region of Central Macedonia as well as the capital of the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace. Its honorific title is Συμπρωτεύουσα (Symprotévusa), literally "co-capital", and stands as a reference to its historical status as the Συμβασιλεύουσα (Symvasilévousa), "co-reigning" city of the Byzantine Empire, alongside Constantinople.
According to the 2011 census the municipality of Thessaloniki today has a population of 322,240, while the Thessaloniki Urban Area (the contiguous built up area forming the "City of Thessaloniki") has a population of 790,824; making it the fifth largest and most populated city in the Balkans and the second most populated city that is not a capital. Furthermore, the Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area extends over an area of 1,455.62 km2 (562.02 sq mi) and its population in 2011 reached a total of 1,006,730 inhabitants.
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Turkey
Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye), known officially as the Republic of Turkey ( Türkiye Cumhuriyeti (help·info)), is a Eurasian country located in Western Asia (mostly in the Anatolian peninsula) and in East Thrace in Southeastern Europe. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea is to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between East Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. The vast majority of the population are Muslims. The country's official language is Turkish, whereas Kurdish and Zazaki languages are spoken by Kurds and Zazas, who constitute 18% of the population.
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Tuvalu
Tuvalu (i/tuːˈvɑːluː/ too-VAH-loo or /ˈtuːvəluː/ TOO-və-loo), formerly known as the Ellice Islands, is a Polynesian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean, midway between Hawaii and Australia. It comprises four reef islands and five true atolls spread out from 6° to 10° south. Its nearest neighbours are Kiribati, Nauru, Samoa and Fiji. Its population of 10,544 makes it the third-least populous sovereign state in the world, with only Vatican City and Nauru having fewer inhabitants. In terms of physical land size, at just 26 square kilometres (10 sq mi) Tuvalu is the fourth smallest country in the world, larger only than the Vatican City at 0.44 km2 (0.17 sq mi), Monaco at 1.98 km2 (0.76 sq mi) and Nauru at 21 km2 (8.1 sq mi).
The first inhabitants of Tuvalu were Polynesian people. In 1568 Spanish navigator Álvaro de Mendaña sailed through the islands and is understood to have sighted Nui during his expedition in search of Terra Australis. In 1819 the island of Funafuti was named Ellice's Island; the name Ellice was applied to all nine islands after the work of English hydrographer Alexander George Findlay (1812–1876). The islands came under Britain's sphere of influence in the late 19th century, when the Ellice Islands were declared a British protectorate by Captain Gibson, R. N. of HMS Curaçao between 9th and 16 October 1892. The Ellice Islands were administered as British protectorate by a Resident Commissioner from 1892 to 1916 as part of the British Western Pacific Territories (BWPT), and later as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands colony from 1916 to 1974.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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University of Tehran
The University of Tehran (Persian: دانشگاه تهران), also known as Tehran University and UT, is Iran's oldest and most prestigious university. Based on its historical, socio-cultural and political pedigree, as well as its research and teaching profile, UT has been nicknamed "The mother university of Iran" (Persian: دانشگاه مادر). It is almost always ranked as the best university in Iran in national and international rankings. It is also the premier knowledge producing institute among all OIC countries. The university offers 111 bachelor degree programs, 177 masters' degree programs, and 156 Ph.D. programs. Many of the departments were absorbed into the University of Tehran from the Dar al-Funun established in 1851 and the Tehran School of Political Sciences established in 1899.
Admission to the university's renowned undergraduate engineering programs is very competitive and is limited to the top one percent of students who pass the national entrance examination administered yearly by the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology.
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Vietnam
Vietnam ( listen), formally the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (Cộng hòa xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam; listen), is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. With an estimated 91.5 million inhabitants as of 2012, it is the world's 13th-most-populous country, and the eighth-most-populous Asian country. The name Vietnam translates as "South Viet", and was officially adopted in 1945. The country is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the east.
The Vietnamese became independent from Imperial China in 938 AD, following the Battle of Bạch Đằng River. Successive Vietnamese royal dynasties flourished as the nation expanded geographically and politically into Southeast Asia, until the Indochina Peninsula was colonized by the French in the mid-19th century. The First Indochina War eventually led to the expulsion of the French in 1954, leaving Vietnam divided politically into two states, North and South Vietnam. Conflict between the two sides intensified, with heavy foreign intervention, during the Vietnam War, which ended with a North Vietnamese victory in 1975.
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West Germany
West Germany (German: Westdeutschland) is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany or FRG (German: Bundesrepublik Deutschland) in the period between its creation in May 1949 to German reunification on 3 October 1990.
During this period, West Germany and the communist East Germany were divided by the Inner German border. After 1961, West Berlin was physically separated from East Berlin as well as from East Germany by the Berlin Wall. This situation ended when East Germany was dissolved and its five states joined the ten states of the Federal Republic of Germany along with the reunified city-state of Berlin. The enlarged Federal Republic of Germany with sixteen states (known simply as "Germany") is thus the continuation of the pre-1990 Federal Republic of Germany.
The Federal Republic of Germany was established from eleven states formed in the three Allied Zones of occupation held by the United States, the United Kingdom and France (the "Western Zones"). The city of Bonn was its provisional capital city. The fourth Allied occupation zone (the East Zone, or Ostzone) was held by the Soviet Union. The parts of this zone lying east of the Oder-Neisse were in fact annexed by the Soviet Union and communist Poland; the remaining central part around Berlin became the communist German Democratic Republic (abbreviated GDR; in German Deutsche Demokratische Republik or DDR) with its de facto capital in East Berlin. As a result, West Germany had a territory about half the size of the interwar democratic Weimar Republic.
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Xining
Xining (simplified Chinese: 西宁; traditional Chinese: 西寧; pinyin: Xīníng; Wade–Giles: hsi-ning; Tibetan: ཟི་ལིང་།; alternatively spelled Silung) is the capital of Qinghai province, People's Republic of China, and the largest city on the Tibetan Plateau. It has 2,208,708 inhabitants at the 2010 census whom 1,198,304 live in the built up area made of 4 urban districts.
Xining has a history of over 2100 years and was a chief commercial hub on the Hexi Corridor caravan route to Tibet, handling especially timber, wool and salt in ancient times. The trade along the Hexi Corridor was part of a larger trade corridor along the Northern Silk Road, whose use was intensified in the 1st century BC after efforts by the Han Dynasty to control this route.
Under the Han dynasty (206 BC–220 AD) a county there called Linqiang controlled the local Qiang tribesmen. It was again a frontier county under the Sui (581–618) and Tang (618–907) dynasties; during the 7th and early 8th centuries it was a center of constant warfare with the Tuyuhun and (later) the Tibetan peoples. In 763, it was overrun by the Tibetans and while under Tibetan control was known to the Chinese as Qingtangcheng. Recovered by the Song dynasty in 1104, it received the name Xining (meaning "peace in the west") and has been the seat of a prefecture or superior prefecture under that name since that time. With the rise of Tibetan Buddhism (Lamaism), which began in the 7th century, Xining became an important religious center; Qinghai's largest lamasery, a holy place to the Yellow Hat sect of Buddhists, was located at Kunbum, some 19 km to the southeast.
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Xuzhou
Xuzhou (Chinese: 徐州; pinyin: Xúzhōu), otherwise known as Pengcheng (Chinese: 彭城; pinyin: Péngchéng) in ancient times, is a major city in and the fourth largest prefecture-level city of Jiangsu province, People's Republic of China. It is known for its convenient location as a transportation hub in northwestern Jiangsu, as it has expressways and railway links connecting directly to the provinces of Henan and Shandong, the neighboring port city of Lianyungang, as well as the economic hub Shanghai.
Before the adoption of Hanyu Pinyin, the city's name was typically Romanized as Suchow, although also appearing as Hsu-chou,Hsuchow,[citation needed] and Hsüchow.[citation needed]
During the Xia and Shang Dynasties (c. 2200–1600 BC), Xuzhou lay in an area inhabited by the Dongyi or Huaiyi peoples who were constantly at war with the Shang and Zhou Dynasties. The Xuzhou region was called Huaiyang[disambiguation needed
] during the Zhou Dynasty (1600 BC–256 BC) since the Huai River crosses the area. During the Spring and Autumn Period (771 BC–426 BC), Xuzhou was a collection of small farming/fishing villages and towns and formed part of the border region between the Zhou vassal States of Chu, Wu and Qu. Both the States of Pi and Peng lay within its borders. Xuzhou was at one time a capital of the State of Xu, a vassal state exterminated by the State of Wu in 512 BC. In turn, Wu was conquered by the State of Yue a few decades later. Chu gradually expanded its influence around Xuzhou after absorbing the nearby State of Cai in 447 BC followed by the conquest of the State of Yue in 334 BC. By the Warring States Period, it was firmly in the cultural and administrative sphere of Chu. The State of Chu moved to this area in 278 BC after the Qin army captured its old capital, Ying, in modern Jingzhou, Hubei.
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Yemen Arab Republic
The Yemen Arab Republic (YAR; in Arabic: الجمهوريّة العربية اليمنية Al-Jumhūrīyah Al-`Arabīyah Al-Yamanīyah), also known as North Yemen or Yemen (Sana'a), was a country from 1962 to 1990 in the northwestern part of what is now Yemen. Its capital was at Sana'a. It united with the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, commonly known as South Yemen, on May 22, 1990, to form the current Republic of Yemen.
Following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire, northern Yemen became an independent state as the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen. On 27 September 1962, revolutionaries inspired by the Arab nationalist ideology of United Arab Republic (Egyptian) President Gamal Abdel Nasser deposed the newly-crowned King Muhammad al-Badr, took control of Sana'a, and established the Yemen Arab Republic (YAR). This coup d'état marked the beginning of the North Yemen Civil War that pitted YAR troops assisted by the United Arab Republic (Egypt) while Saudi Arabia and Jordan supported Badr's royalist forces opposing the newly formed republic. Conflict continued periodically until 1967 when Egyptian troops were withdrawn. By 1968, following a final royalist siege of Sana'a, most of the opposing leaders reached a reconciliation; Saudi Arabia recognized the Republic in 1970.
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Zaire
Zaire ( /zɑːˈɪər/), officially the Republic of Zaire (French: République du Zaïre; French pronunciation: [za.iʁ]), was the name of the present Democratic Republic of the Congo between 27 October 1971 and 17 May 1997. The name of Zaire derives from the Portuguese: Zaire, itself an adaptation of the Kongo word nzere or nzadi, or "the river that swallows all rivers".
In 1965, as in 1960, the division of power between president and prime minister led to a stalemate and threatened the country's stability. Joseph-Désiré Mobutu again seized power. Unlike the first time, however, Mobutu assumed the presidency, rather than remaining behind the scenes.
From 1965, Mobutu dominated the political life of Congo (Léopoldville), restructuring the state on more than one occasion, and claiming the title of "Father of the Nation".
When, under the authenticity policy of the early 1970s, Zairians were obliged to adopt "authentic" names, Mobutu dropped Joseph-Désiré and officially changed his name to Mobutu Sésé Seko Nkuku Ngbendu wa Za Banga—or, more commonly, Mobutu Sésé Seko, roughly meaning "the all-conquering warrior, who goes from triumph to triumph".
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Zambia
Zambia ( /ˈzæmbiə/), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west. The capital city is Lusaka, located in the south-central part of the country. The population is concentrated mainly around Lusaka in the south and the Copperbelt Province to the northwest.
Originally inhabited by Khoisan peoples, the region which comprises modern Zambia was colonised during the Bantu expansion of the thirteenth century. After visits by European explorers in the eighteenth century, Zambia became the British colony of Northern Rhodesia towards the end of the nineteenth century. For most of the colonial period, the country was governed by an administration appointed from London with the advice of the British South Africa Company.
On 24 October 1964, the country declared independence from the United Kingdom and then-prime minister Kenneth Kaunda became the inaugural president. Kaunda's socialist United National Independence Party (UNIP) maintained power from the 1964 until 1991. From 1972 to 1991 Zambia was a single-party state with the UNIP as the sole-legal political party, with the goal of uniting the nation under the banner of 'One Zambia, One Nation'. Kaunda was succeeded by Frederick Chiluba of the social-democratic Movement for Multi-Party Democracy in 1991, during which the country saw a rise in social-economic growth and increased decentralisation of government.
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Adam Gontier
Adam Wade Gontier (born on May 25, 1978) is a Canadian musician and songwriter. He is the lead singer, rhythm guitarist and main songwriter of the rock band Three Days Grace. He is regarded for his singing capabilities and is known to have a voice range from high tenor to medium low bass. In addition to his work with Three Days Grace, he has been involved in collaborations with other bands including Art of Dying and Apocalyptica.
Gontier was born in Norwood, Ontario in May 1978. He attended Norwood District High School. It was here that he met fellow band members Neil Sanderson and Brad Walst. They formed a band under the name 'Groundswell', which later evolved into Three Days Grace. Groundswell gained popularity in the local area, and a few years later the band decided to move to Toronto to pursue their music career.
Gontier cites his influences as Pearl Jam, Alice in Chains, Sunny Day Real Estate, The Beatles and Jeff Buckley. When he was 8 to 12 years old, his mom, a jazz piano player, would take him to her concerts.
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Adam Rickitt
Adam Peter Rickitt (born 29 May 1978)[citation needed] is an English charity fundraiser and former actor, singer and model.
Rickitt was born in Crewe, Cheshire, the youngest of four brothers. His father is co-owner of an estate agency. Rickitt was educated at Sedbergh School, a boarding school in Cumbria.[citation needed]
Rickitt has spoken publicly about suffering from bulimia in his teenage years and about how male sufferers have largely been neglected.
Prior to his acting career, Rickitt had briefly been a child model. He subsequently has modelled for numerous UK magazines such as Attitude and Cosmopolitan.
Rickitt is most famous for his role on popular ITV soap opera Coronation Street, where he took over the role of Nick Tilsley in 1997. His girlfriend sent his pictures to various showbusiness agents, one of whom was Nigel Martin-Smith. At first Martin-Smith had the idea of putting him in a boy band he was forming, but when he found out that Coronation Street were re-casting the part of Nick, Rickitt auditioned for the part and got the job. The part had previously been played by actor Warren Jackson until 1996 when the character moved to Canada.
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Aftab Shivdasani
Aftab Shivadasani (Hindi: आफ़ताब शिवदसानी, born 25 June 1978) is an Indian actor who appears in Bollywood films. He started as a child actor in commercials and has performed in over 40 films. He also co-wrote and helped produce the film Aao Wish Karein. He started his career as a child artist in the movie Mr. India.
Shivdasani was born in Mumbai to Prem and Putli Shivdasani. His father is a Hindu Sindhi-Baloch while his mother is a Parsi. He has an older sister named Afsana Shivdasani. He studied at St. Xavier's High School, (Fort) located at Lokamanya Tilak Marg in Mumbai. He then graduated from H. R.College of Commerce in Mumbai.
Shivdasani was selected as the Farex baby (Baby food brand) at age 14 months and from that point on he appeared in many TV commercials. He made his Bollywood debut as a child actor in Mr. India (Jugal)(1987), then appearing in films such as Shahenshah, ChaalBaaz and Insaniyat.
Shivdasani continued appearing in commercials till the age of 19 when he was offered a lead role in director Ram Gopal Varma's Mast opposite Urmila Matondkar while still studying at H.R. College. Shivdasani made his debut as an adult opposite Matondkar in Mast. The film became an instant hit. In 2000, Shivdasani won the Zee Cine Award for Best Male Debut and the Star Screen Award for Most Promising Newcomer – Male for his performance in Mast.
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Ahmed Abdallah
Ahmed Abdallah Abderemane (Arabic: أحمد عبد الله عبد الرحمن, Ahmad Abd Allah Abd ar-Rahman, 12 June 1919 – 26 November 1989) was a Comorian politician. He was President of the Comoros from 25 October 1978 until his death.
Abdallah was born in Domoni, on the island of Anjouan. He began participating in the government in the 1940s, while the Comoros were still part of France. He was the President of the general council from 1949 until 1953, and was the chairman of the chamber of deputies during 1970.[citation needed]
In 1972, Abdallah, now leader of his political party, the Comoros Democratic Union (UDC), became president of the government council and Chief Minister of the Comoros;[citation needed] he served in that position until July 6, 1975, when the islands became independent from France, (with the exception of Mayotte, which voted to remain part of France.) Abdallah became the first president of the independent islands, but was overthrown by Said Mohamed Jaffar in a coup d'état on August 3, 1975. Jaffar, in turn, would be overthrown by Ali Soilih in 1976.
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Al Unser
Alfred "Al" Unser (born May 29, 1939) is a former American automobile racing driver, the younger brother of fellow racing drivers Jerry and Bobby Unser, and father of Al Unser, Jr.. He is the second of three men to have won the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race four times, the fourth of five to have won the race in consecutive years, and won in American Championship Car Racing in 1970, 1983, and 1985. He is the only person to have both a sibling (Bobby) and child (Al Jr.) as fellow Indy 500 winners. Al's nephews Johnny and Robby Unser have also competed in that race.
After his son Al Jr. joined the top circuit in 1983, Unser has generally been known by the retronymic name of "Al Unser, Sr."
Unser was born in Albuquerque, New Mexico. His father Jerry Unser and two uncles, Louis and Joe, were also drivers. Beginning in 1926 they competed in the Pikes Peak International Hill Climb, an annual road race held in Colorado.
Joe Unser became the first member of the Unser clan to lose his life to the sport, killed while test-driving an FWD Coleman Special on the Denver highway in 1929.
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Aldo Moro
Aldo Moro (Italian pronunciation: [ˈaldo ˈmɔːro]; September 23, 1916 – May 9, 1978) was an Italian politician and the 39th Prime Minister of Italy, from 1963 to 1968, and then from 1974 to 1976. He was one of Italy's longest-serving post-war Prime Ministers, holding power for a combined total of more than six years.
A leader of Democrazia Cristiana (Christian Democracy, DC), Moro was considered an intellectual and a patient mediator, especially in the internal life of his party. He was kidnapped on March 16, 1978, by the left-wing Red Brigades (BR), and killed after 55 days of captivity.
Moro was born in Maglie, in the province of Lecce (Puglia), into a family from Ugento. At 4, he moved with his family to Milan, but they soon moved back to Puglia, where he gained a classical high school degree at Archita lyceum in Taranto. Till 1939 he studied Law at the University of Bari, an institution where he was later to hold the post of ordinary professor of philosophy of Law and Colonial Policy (1941) and of Criminal Law (1942).
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Aleksei Gubarev
Aleksei Aleksandrovich Gubarev (Russian: Алексей Александрович Губарев; born March 29, 1931 in Gvardeitsi) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on two space flights: Soyuz 17 and Soyuz 28.
Gubarev graduated from the Soviet Naval Aviation School in 1952 and went on to serve with the Soviet Air Force. He undertook further studies at the Gagarin Air Force Academy before acceptance into the space programme.
He was originally trained for the Soviet lunar programme and for military Soyuz flights before training for Salyut missions. His next mission, in 1978, was Soyuz 28, the first Intercosmos flight, where he was accompanied by Vladimír Remek from Czechoslovakia.
He resigned as a cosmonaut in 1981 and took up an administrative position at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centre.
In the 1980s he worked at the 30th Central Scientific Research Institute, Ministry of Defence (Russia).
His awards include (twice), and the Gagarin Gold Medal. He is an honorary citizen of Kaluga, Arkalyk, Tselinograd, and Prague.
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Alexandre Aja
Alexandre Aja (born 7 August 1977) is a French film director who rose to international stardom for his 2003 horror film Haute Tension (known as High Tension in the US, and known as Switchblade Romance in the UK). He has also directed the horror films The Hills Have Eyes (2007), Mirrors (2008) and Piranha 3D (2010).
Aja was born in Paris, France. His real name is Alexandre Jouan-Arcady and his pseudonymous surname is formed of the 3 first letters of his full name. He is the son of French pied-noir director Alexandre Arcady and French cinema critic Marie-Jo Jouan. Aja is Jewish and his wife is Moroccan filmmaker Laïla Marrakchi.
Acted in minor roles in his father's movies such as Le Grand Carnaval, and the two Le Grand Pardon films at a very young age.
He made his directorial debut at the age of eighteen with the short film Over the Rainbow, which received a Cannes Film Festival Golden Palm Award nomination for best short film. In 1999 he directed Furia, a movie based on Julio Cortázar's short story Graffiti. From Furia and his next features, he frequently works with Grégory Levasseur as writers. Such as in The Hills Have Eyes, Mirrors, P2, and Piranha 3D. Levasseur also made his works as production designer too.
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Alexis Amore
Alexis Amore (born December 29, 1978) is the stage name of a Peruvianpornographic actress, exotic dancer and model.
In January 2003, she re-entered the industry after a short break, and signed exclusively with Jill Kelly Productions (JKP) and began in February 2003. She eventually left the company and, in June 2004 she signed an acting and directing deal with Anabolic Video under which she would direct eight to 10 movies and star in six films a year. This made her Anabolic's first 'contract girl'.
In 2005 she became the Video Team spokeswoman and exclusive contract performer. Alexis Amore is also known as the “Peruvian Princess,”. She was to be the central talent for Video Team's Ethnicity Films line, which specialized in Latin, African-American and interracial titles.
She is to represent Video Team at press events, signings and meet-and-greet shows with fans. At this time she had over 300 films to credit in the adult industry.
Since early 2006, Amore has infrequently written for AVN Insider, is a contract girl for Metro/Video Team, and has a sex-toys contract with California Exotic Novelties.
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Ali Karimi
Mohammad-Ali Karimi Pashaki (Persian: محمدعلی کریمی پاشاکی, born on 8 November 1978) better known as Ali Karimi, is an Iranian professional footballer who currently plays for Persepolis in Iran Pro League and Iran national football team. He was awarded the Asian Footballer of the Year in 2004. He is capable of playing on the wings, as an attacking midfielder or as a deep-lying forward. He is known for ball skill and dribbling runs.
Karimi began his career with Fath Tehran youth club and joined Persepolis in 1998. Internationally, Karimi has been capped 119 times since making his debut in October 1998, and has scored 38 goals. He has participated in five major tournaments including 1998 Asian Games, 2000, 2004, and 2007 Asian Cups and 2006 FIFA World Cup.
Karimi started his professional career with second division side Fath Football Club in 1997 where training was conducted on the streets with a plastic ball.
In 1998, Karimi joined Persepolis football club, which won the domestic double in 1999 and the championship again in 2000. He attended a trial with Perugia Calcio, but the transfer was aborted when Perugia deemed the transfer fee too high. There was also reportedly an offer from Spain's Atlético Madrid who were willing to pay Karimi $5 million dollars in a six-year contract,[citation needed] but Karimi remained at Al Ahli because he wanted to stay close to home.
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Ali Soilih
Ali Soilih, full name Ali Soilih Mtsashiwa, (Arabic: علي صويلح January 7, 1937 – May 29, 1978) was a Comorian socialist revolutionary and political figure.
Soilih was born in Majunga, Madagascar. He lived much of his early life there, and was educated in Madagascar and France. During the early 1960s he went to Comoros and worked in agriculture and economic development.
In 1970 Ali Soilih entered politics as a supporter of Said Ibrahim, leader of the Democratic Assembly of the Comoran People, Rassemblement démocratique du Peuple Comorien (RDPC), and soon developed an ideology based on hostility against France as former colonial power. His ideas were somewhat influenced by Maoism but without renouncing his Islamic principles.
Less than a month after Comoros gained independence from France, Soilih overthrew President Said Mohamed Jaffar and became head of a revolutionary council which took over Comoros. This occurred on August 3, 1975 when Soilih, whose adherents were barely armed, hired French mercenary Bob Denard to overthrow Abdallah. Soilih officially became President of the revolutionary council in January 1976. He adopted extended powers under the terms of a new constitution, and implemented socialist economic policies. In 1977 he held a referendum on his presidency, with 56.63% of voters endorsing it.
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Andra Davis
Andra Raynard Davis [pronounced André] (born December 23, 1978) is an American football linebacker who last played for the Buffalo Bills of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Florida. He was drafted by the Cleveland Browns in the fifth round of the 2002 NFL Draft, and has played for the Browns, Denver Broncos and Buffalo Bills. He is currently a free agent.
Davis was born in Live Oak, Florida in 1978. He attended Suwannee High School in Live Oak, where he was a four-year starter for the Suwannee Bulldogs high school football team. As a senior in 1996, Davis was the team captain for the Suwanee Bulldogs football and basketball teams, and was recognized as a first-team Florida Class 4A all-state selection and a SuperPrep high school All-American in football.
Davis received an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Florida in Gainesville, Florida, where he played for coach Steve Spurrier's Florida Gators football team from 1998 to 2001. The Gators coaching staff decided to red-shirt him as a true freshman in 1997. As a junior letterman in 2000, Davis was a member of the Gators' Southeastern Conference (SEC) championship team. As a senior team captain in 2001, he was recognized as a first-team All-SEC selection and a second-team All-American. During his college career, he played in thirty-five games, and started twenty-three of them; he finished his career with 232 tackles, five quarterback sacks and four forced fumbles, three of which were recovered.
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André Morell
André Morell (20 August 1909 – 28 November 1978; sometimes credited as Andre Morell) was a British actor. He appeared frequently in theatre, film and on television from the 1930s to the 1970s. His best known screen roles were as Professor Bernard Quatermass in the BBC Television serial Quatermass and the Pit (1958–59), and as Doctor Watson in the Hammer Film Productions version of The Hound of the Baskervilles (1959). He also appeared in the Academy Award-winning films The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957) and Ben-Hur (1959), in several of Hammer's well-known horror films throughout the 1960s and in the acclaimed ITV historical drama The Caesars (1968).
His obituary in The Times newspaper described him as possessing a "commanding presence with a rich, responsive voice... whether in the classical or modern theatre he was authoritative and dependable."
Morell was born as Cecil André Mesritz in London, England, the son of André and Rosa Mesritz. Prior to taking up acting professionally he trained as a motor engineer, while also participating in amateur theatrical productions. He turned professional in 1934, initially acting under the name André Mesritz; he anglicised this to André Morell in 1936, and adopted the latter name legally by deed poll in 1938.
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Anita Bryant
Anita Jane Bryant (born March 25, 1940) is an American singer, former Miss Oklahoma beauty pageant winner, and outspoken critic of homosexuality. She scored four Top 40 hits in the United States in the late 1950s and early 1960s, including "Paper Roses", which reached #5. She later became widely known for her strong views against homosexuality and for her prominent campaigning in 1977 to repeal a local ordinance in Dade County, Florida, that prohibited discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, an involvement that significantly damaged her popularity and career.
Bryant was born in Barnsdall, Oklahoma. After her parents divorced, her father went into the U.S. Army and her mother went to work, taking her children to live with their grandparents temporarily. When Bryant was two years old, her grandfather taught her to sing "Jesus Loves Me". She was singing at the age of six onstage on local fairgrounds in Oklahoma. She sang occasionally on radio and television, and was invited to audition when Arthur Godfrey's talent show came to town.
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Anna Torv
Anna Torv (born 15 June 1978) is an Australian actress known for her role as FBI agent Olivia Dunham on the Fox television series Fringe.
Anna Torv was born in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia to Susan and Hans Torv and grew up on the Hinterlands of the Gold Coast, Queensland. Anna's father Hans Torv is of Estonian descent, but was born in Stirling, Scotland. She has been estranged from her father since the age of 8. She has one sibling, a younger brother, Dylan. Her paternal aunt is writer Anna Maria Torv Murdoch Mann, who was married for 31 years to billionaire media mogul Rupert Murdoch.
Torv graduated from Benowa State High School in 1996. She graduated from Australia's National Institute of Dramatic Art (NIDA) with a degree in Performing Arts in 2001.
In 2004, Torv joined the cast of Australia's acclaimed television drama The Secret Life Of Us playing Nikki Martel.
Torv appeared in the BBC series Mistresses. She also played the voice and performed motion capture of the main character Nariko in the 2007 video game Heavenly Sword.
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Antonio de Nigris
Antonio de Nigris Guajardo (1 April 1978 – 16 November 2009) was a Mexican footballer who played as a striker.
During his career, which was cut short at 31 by a fatal heart attack, he played in six different countries, also representing twelve clubs in nine years.
Born in Monterrey, Nuevo León, de Nigris became interested in sports at a young age, and began his football career with C.F. Monterrey. He then played for two seasons in Spain (first and second divisions), with little impact at Villarreal CF and modest Polideportivo Ejido, returning to Americas with Once Caldas, with whom, in the 2004 Intercontinental Cup, he scored in the penalty shootout defeat against F.C. Porto.
After another stint in Mexico, de Nigris was signed by Santos Futebol Clube of Brazil on 20 March 2006, making his debut against Brasiliense Futebol Clube in a Brazilian Cup match. However, in late 2006, he switched to Turkey, playing in quick succession for three teams in the country: Gaziantepspor, Ankaraspor and Ankaragücü. He was released from the latter due to heart problems, and his license was cancelled by the Turkish Football Federation.
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Antonio Pierce
Antonio Durran Pierce (born October 26, 1978 in Ontario, California) is a former American football linebacker. He was signed by the Washington Redskins as an undrafted free agent in 2001. He played college football at Arizona.
Pierce also played for the New York Giants.
Pierce played high school football at Paramount High School in Paramount, California. He played two years of football at Mount San Antonio College in Walnut, California, before transferring to the University of Arizona. As a senior at Arizona, he had three sacks, 77 tackles (ten for losses), two forced fumbles, one interception, and one blocked kick.
Pierce was not taken in the 2001 NFL Draft after his senior year at Arizona because many NFL scouts considered him too undersized to play linebacker in the NFL.
The Washington Redskins signed him as an undrafted rookie free agent in 2001. He played in all 16 games as a rookie, with only eight starts. He recorded 52 tackles, one sack, and one interception during his rookie campaign. The interception came against Jake Plummer. Over the next two seasons, Pierce played sporadically, recording only 18 and 15 tackles respectively, during the 2002 and 2003 seasons. It was not until the 2004 season, his fourth in the league, that he played a full season replacing the injured Micheal Barrow. That season Pierce logged a career high 114 tackles, 95 of them solo. He also had one forced fumble, one sack and two interceptions, including a pick off Ken Dorsey returned 76 yards for a touchdown.
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Anwar Sadat
Anwar El Sadat (Arabic: محمد أنور السادات Anwar as-Sādāt, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [mæˈħæmmæd ˈʔɑnwɑɾˤ essæˈdæːt]; 25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981. In his eleven years as president he changed Egypt's direction, departing from some of the economic and political principles of Nasserism by re-instituting the multi-party system, and launching the Infitah economic policy.
He was a senior member of the Free Officers group that overthrew the Muhammad Ali Dynasty in the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, and a close confidant of President Gamal Abdul Nasser, whom he succeeded as President in 1970. As president he led Egypt in the October War of 1973 to re-acquire Egyptian territory lost to Israel in the 1967 Six-Day War, making him a hero in Egypt and, for a time, the wider Arab World. Afterwards he engaged in negotiations with Israel, culminating in the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty. This won him the Nobel Peace Prize but also made him unpopular among some Arabs, resulting in a temporary suspension of Egypt's membership in the Arab League, and eventually his assassination.
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Aram Khachaturian
Aram Ilyich Khachaturian (Armenian: Արամ Խաչատրյան; Russian: Ара́м Ильи́ч Хачатуря́н; June 6 [O.S. May 24] 1903 – May 1, 1978) was a prominentSoviet Armenian composer. Khachaturian's works were often influenced by classical Russian music and Armenian folk music. He is most famous for the Adagio of Spartacus and Phrygia from his ballet Spartacus, and for the "Sabre Dance" from his ballet Gayane and the adagio from the same ballet, much used in films since its first use in Stanley Kubrick's 2001: A Space Odyssey.
Aram Ilyich Khachaturian was born in Tiflis, Imperial Russia (now Tbilisi, Georgia) to a poor Armenian family. His father was a bookbinder. In his youth, he was fascinated by the music he heard around him, but at first he did not study music or learn to read it.
In 1920, when Armenia was declared a Soviet republic, Khachaturian joined a propaganda train touring Armenia, populated by Georgian-Armenian artists. The following year he travelled to Moscow to join his brother, the stage director of the Second Moscow Art Theatre. Although he had almost no musical education, Khachaturian showed such great talent that he was admitted to the Gnessin Institute where he studied cello under Sergey Bychkov, and later Andrey Borysyak. In 1925 Mikhail Gnessin started a composition class at the Gnessin Institute, which Khachaturian joined.
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Aramis Ramírez
Aramis Nin Ramírez (English pronunciation: /əˈrɑːmɨs/; born June 25, 1978, in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic) is an All-Star Major League Baseball third baseman for the Milwaukee Brewers.
He started his professional career with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1998, before being traded to the Cubs in 2003. On November 12, 2006, Ramírez signed a five-year deal with the Cubs.
On November 7, 1994, Ramírez signed a contract with the Pittsburgh Pirates. On May 26, 1998, he made his major league debut with the Pirates, becoming the youngest player in MLB at that time.
Ramírez struggled in his first three seasons, splitting playing time between the Pirates and Triple-A Nashville. Playing with the Pirates for an entire season for the first time in 2001, Ramírez hit .300 with 34 home runs. In 2002, his batting performance dipped to .234 with 18 home runs.
Ramírez was traded to the Chicago Cubs with outfielder Kenny Lofton on July 23, 2003. Ramírez finished the 2003 season strong in Chicago, though he led the majors with 33 errors at third base. He had the lowest fielding percentage of all Major League third basemen with .929. The Cubs made the playoffs and defeated the Atlanta Braves before being beaten by eventual World Series champions the Florida Marlins in the seven-game 2003 National League Championship Series. During Game 4 of the NLCS, Ramírez made Cubs history. In the first inning, Ramírez hit the first grand slam in the playoffs in Cubs history off Marlins starter Dontrelle Willis. Ramírez was one of the more productive Cubs' players during the NLCS, hitting 3 home runs, driving in 7 RBIs, and hitting a triple in Game 1.
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Aristotle
Aristotle (Ancient Greek: Ἀριστοτέλης, Aristotélēs) (384 BC – 322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath, a student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Great. His writings cover many subjects, including physics, metaphysics, poetry, theater, music, logic, rhetoric, linguistics, politics, government, ethics, biology, and zoology. Together with Plato and Socrates (Plato's teacher), Aristotle is one of the most important founding figures in Western philosophy. Aristotle's writings were the first to create a comprehensive system of Western philosophy, encompassing morality, aesthetics, logic, science, politics, and metaphysics.
Aristotle's views on the physical sciences profoundly shaped medieval scholarship, and their influence extended well into the Renaissance, although they were ultimately replaced by Newtonian physics. In the zoological sciences, some of his observations were confirmed to be accurate only in the 19th century. His works contain the earliest known formal study of logic, which was incorporated in the late 19th century into modern formal logic. In metaphysics, Aristotelianism had a profound influence on philosophical and theological thinking in the Islamic and Jewish traditions in the Middle Ages, and it continues to influence Christian theology, especially the scholastic tradition of the Catholic Church. His ethics, though always influential, gained renewed interest with the modern advent of virtue ethics. All aspects of Aristotle's philosophy continue to be the object of active academic study today. Though Aristotle wrote many elegant treatises and dialogues (Cicero described his literary style as "a river of gold"), it is thought that the majority of his writings are now lost and only about one-third of the original works have survived.
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Arno Allan Penzias
Arno Allan Penzias (born 26 April 1933) is an American physicist and Nobel laureate in physics.
Penzias was born in Munich, Germany. At age six he was among the Jewish children evacuated to Britain as part of the Kindertransport rescue operation. Some time later, his parents also fled Nazi Germany for the U.S., and the family settled in the Garment District of New York City in 1940. In 1946, Penzias became a naturalized citizen of the United States. He graduated from Brooklyn Technical High School in 1951 and received a bachelor's degree from the City College of New York in 1954. From Columbia University, he received his Master's degree in 1958 and his Ph.D. in 1962.
He went on to work at Bell Labs in Holmdel, New Jersey, where, with Robert Woodrow Wilson, he worked on ultra-sensitive cryogenic microwave receivers, intended for radio astronomy observations. In 1964, on building their most sensitive antenna/receiver system, the pair encountered radio noise which they could not explain. It was far less energetic than the radiation given off by the Milky Way, and it was isotropic, so they assumed their instrument was subject to interference by terrestrial sources. They tried, and then rejected, the hypothesis that the radio noise emanated from New York City. An examination of the microwave horn antenna showed it was full of pigeon droppings (which Penzias described as "white dielectric material"). After the pair removed the guano buildup, and the pigeons were shot (each physicist says the other ordered the deed), the noise remained. Having rejected all sources of interference, the pair published a paper announcing their findings. This was later identified by Robert Dicke as the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB), the radio remnant of the Big Bang. This allowed astronomers to confirm the Big Bang, and to correct many of their previous assumptions about it.
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Arthur Brough
Arthur Brough (born Frederick Arthur Baker 26 February 1905, Petersfield, Hampshire; died 28 May 1978 Folkestone, Kent, England, UK) was a British actor, best known for portraying the character of senior menswear salesman Mr. Grainger on the BBC sitcom Are You Being Served?
The diminutive actor (5'2") originally wanted to become a teacher, but couldn't get a job, and so went to work in a solicitor's office. He found work there too mundane and he began to take an interest in the theatre. After indulging in amateur theatricals, Brough attended the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in the mid-1920s. After graduating, he joined a Shakespearean theatrical troupe, where he met his wife-to-be, actress Elizabeth Addyman. After they married, they used their wedding dowry as collateral to rent the Leas Pavilion, a repertory theatre in Folkestone, Kent. They had one daughter, Joanna, who was educated at Ashford School for Girls.
Arthur both ran the company ("The Arthur Brough Players") and acted in the shows and, once the new Folkestone rep was established, he established new repertory companies in Bradford, Bristol, Blackpool, Keighley, Leeds, Lincoln, Oxford and Southampton, as well as other acting companies throughout the country. With the outbreak of World War II, he enlisted in the Royal Navy, in which he served for the duration of the war. His service included helping with the evacuation of Dunkirk in 1940, his ship returning to the rescue scene several times.
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Ashton Kutcher
Christopher Ashton Kutcher (/ˈkʊtʃər/; born February 7, 1978), best known as Ashton Kutcher, is an American actor, producer, former fashion model, and comedian, known for his portrayal of Michael Kelso in the Fox sitcom That '70s Show. He also created, produced and hosted Punk'd, and played lead roles in the Hollywood films Dude, Where's My Car?, Just Married, The Butterfly Effect, The Guardian, and What Happens in Vegas. He is also the producer and co-creator of the supernatural TV show Room 401 and the reality TV show Beauty and the Geek. Kutcher currently co-stars in the hit CBS sitcom Two and a Half Men as the character Walden Schmidt.
Kutcher was born in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. He is the son of Diane (née Finnegan), a Procter & Gamble employee, and Larry M. Kutcher, a factory worker. His father is of Bohemian (Czech) descent and his mother is of Irish, German, and Bohemian ancestry. Kutcher was raised in a conservative Roman Catholic family, with an older sister, Tausha, and a fraternal twin, Michael, who had a heart transplant when the brothers were young children. Kutcher's twin brother also has cerebral palsy and is a spokesperson for the advocacy organization Reaching for the Stars.
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Augusto Pinochet
Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte, more commonly known as Augusto Pinochet (Spanish pronunciation: [auˈɣusto pinoˈtʃet]), (25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006) was a Chilean army general and dictator who assumed power in a coup d'état on 11 September 1973. He was the commander-in-chief of the Chilean army from 1973 to 1998, president of the Government Junta of Chile from 1973 to 1981 and President of the Republic from 1974 until transferring power to a democratically elected president in 1990.
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Autumn Phillips
Autumn Patricia Phillips (née Kelly 3 May 1978) is the wife of Peter Phillips, who is the son of Anne, Princess Royal and Captain Mark Phillips, and the oldest grandchild of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
After graduating from McGill University in 2002, Kelly met Peter Phillips in her birthplace and hometown of Montreal, Quebec; their engagement was announced in July 2007, and they married in St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle, on 17 May 2008. They have two daughters named Savannah and Isla. The family lives in London.
Autumn, her twin brother Chris, and her older brother Kevin were born in Montreal, Quebec, to Brian Kelly, an electricity company executive, and his wife Kitty (née McCarthy;). She was baptised on 18 June 1978, at St. John Fisher Parish Church, and raised in Cedar Park, Pointe-Claire, in the English speaking West Island region of Montreal. Though her parents divorced when Autumn was eight years old, after which her mother married commercial pilot Ron Magas, and her father married a woman named Lynne with whom he has two children, Jessica and Patrick, Autumn's family continued to live in the Pointe-Claire area, where she attended a Roman Catholic primary school, and then the St. Thomas High School, alongside friend and actress, Casey McKinnon, and where Autumn excelled at sports. Autumn then attended McGill University, during which time she worked as a bartender, model, and actress, appearing in the 1996 film Rainbow, taking the non-speaking, though credited, role of Tigrette Number 3, and later in the television series Sirens. Autumn graduated from McGill in 2002, with a Bachelor of Arts degree in East Asian studies, whereupon she started a career as a management consultant.
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Aya Ishiguro
Aya Ishiguro (石黒 彩, Ishiguro Aya?, born May 12, 1978) is a singer, writer, TV personality and fashion designer in Japan, most famous for her participation in pop group Morning Musume.
Aya Ishiguro was a runner-up in a 1997 contest to find a new female rock idol. After the contest was over—with the winner being Michiyo Heike—music producer, former rock musician, and contest judge Tsunku decided to focus his attention on five runners-up, which included Ishiguro, Natsumi Abe, Kaori Iida, Asuka Fukuda, and Yuko Nakazawa.
Tsunku promised to take the quintet under his wing if they sold 50,000 copies of their CD "Ai no Tane" (also known as Morning Musume's 0th single) within five days. They accomplished this task within four, and Tsunku upheld his end of the bargain.
During her years in Morning Musume, Ishiguro was given mostly harmony lines due to her low singing voice, which was used to support the voices of others. However, in late 1998 Tsunku decided to create Tanpopo, a subgroup of Morning Musume (by then consisting of eight members) that included Ishiguro, Iida and 2nd generation member Mari Yaguchi. Tanpopo's songs were slower and more mature than the majority of Morning Musume's, which allowed Ishiguro's voice to shine through.
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Ayumi Hamasaki
Ayumi Hamasaki (浜崎 あゆみ, Hamasaki Ayumi?, also 濱崎 歩; born October 2, 1978) is a Japanese singer-songwriter, record producer, model, lyricist, and actress. Also called "Ayu" by her fans, Hamasaki has been dubbed the "Empress of Pop" because of her popularity and widespread influence in Japan and throughout Asia. Born and raised in Fukuoka, she moved to Tokyo at fourteen to pursue a career in entertainment. In 1998, under the tutelage of Avex CEO Max Matsuura, she released a string of modestly selling singles that concluded with her 1999 debut album A Song for ××. The album debuted atop the Oricon charts and stayed there for four weeks, establishing her popularity in Japan.
Hamasaki's constantly changing image and tight control over her artistry has helped her popularity extend across Asia; music and fashion trends she has started have spread to countries such as China, Singapore, and Southeast Asia. She has appeared in or lent her songs to many advertisements and television commercials. Though she originally supported the exploitation of her popularity for commercial purposes, she later reconsidered and eventually opposed her status as an Avex "product".
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Bamboo Mañalac
Francisco Mañalac, popularly known as Bamboo Mañalac, is a Filipino musician and singer, who was known as the former vocalist of Filipino rock bands, Rivermaya and Bamboo, now performing as a solo artist.
In 1993, Rivermaya was formed by PR practitioner Lizza Nakpil and film director Chito Roño, who planned on developing a musical group into a rock/show band. The band was originally formed under the name Xaga.
The band evolved through a series of line-ups that included Nathan Azarcon on bass, Rico Blanco on keyboards and Perfecto de Castro on guitars. The initial drummer was replaced by former Bazurak bandmate and childhood friend, Mark Escueta. Bamboo was a schoolmate of Azarcon, who came on board as lead vocals. The band was managed by Lizza Nakpil and Chito Roño.
With Mañalac as frontman, the band members decided to disband Xaga and re-establish the band as Rivermaya. They started developing original songs like "Ulan" (Rain), "214", and "Awit ng Kabataan" (Song of the Youth) in demo form for prospective recording companies. They were quickly signed to the Sony BMG Philippines label.
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Barry Ferguson
Barry Ferguson MBE (born 2 February 1978) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Blackpool. He is also the club captain.
Ferguson has made 82 appearances in European competitions, all for Rangers, which makes him the record European appearance holder at the club. He was also inducted into the Rangers F.C. Hall of Fame. Ferguson overtook David Narey's record for the number of European appearances made whilst playing for a Scottish club, by starting in a UEFA Cup match against Werder Bremen. He broke Kenny Dalglish's record for the number of competitive European appearances by a Scottish footballer when he played in his 80th match in Europe, against Sporting CP.
Ferguson made 45 appearances for the Scotland national team. In 2009, following behavioral incidents while on Scotland duty, he was stripped of the captaincy of Rangers and told he would no longer be considered for international selection.
Ferguson was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) on 17 June 2006.
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Barry Zito
Barry Zito (born May 13, 1978) is a Major League Baseball left-handed pitcher for the San Francisco Giants. He previously played seven seasons with the Oakland Athletics, where he won the 2002 American League Cy Young Award and made three All-Star teams.
Zito never missed a scheduled start in his career until 2008, and led the American League in starts four times. After the 2006 season, Zito signed the most expensive contract in history for a pitcher at the time. Zito is well known for the drastic difference between his pre- and post- All Star Game pitching performance, and has been one of the greatest second half pitchers in MLB history throughout his career. He has also proven to be one of the greatest front running pitchers in recent memory, holding a record of 112–6 when getting at least 4 runs of support.
Zito played collegiately at UC Santa Barbara, Los Angeles Pierce College, and the University of Southern California. In the 1999 draft, he was drafted by the Oakland Athletics with the ninth pick of the first round. Zito is known for his idiosyncrasies, and his offbeat personality. He created the charity Strikeouts for Troops which provides money to hospitals for soldiers wounded in military operations.
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Basil Dean
Basil Herbert Dean CBE (27 September 1888 – 22 April 1978) was an English actor, writer, film producer/film director and theatrical producer/director.
Born in Croydon, Surrey, Dean started his career in showbusiness in London as a West End stage actor, and then later became a theatrical producer. He later moved into the film industry and in the early 1930s founded Associated Talking Pictures, which later became Ealing Studios. He publicised and worked alongside Gracie Fields and George Formby, among other entertainers. When the war started he left the film industry and became the head of ENSA, the government-sponsored body responsible for bringing live performances to the armed services. He was awarded the CBE for his work with ENSA.
His wives included Lady Mercy Greville and Esther Van Gruisen. From August 1934 until 1939 he was married to British stage and film actress, Victoria Hopper. Dean had a relationship with one of his theatre and film stars Meggie Albanesi and after her death in 1923 continued to be obsessed with her.
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Becki Newton
Rebecca Sara "Becki" Newton (born July 4, 1978) is an American actress known for her role as Amanda Tanen on the television series Ugly Betty.
Born in New Haven, Connecticut, Becki Newton was raised in Guilford, Connecticut. She is of English and Czech descent and began performing musicals and plays at local theaters, and studied at the University of Pennsylvania, where she graduated with a BA in European History. At Penn, Newton was a member of the Alpha Chi Omega sorority. She then moved to New York City and landed several roles in television commercials for such companies as the Olive Garden.
Newton portrayed the character Amanda Tanen in the comedy-drama series Ugly Betty from 2006 to 2010. With co-star Michael Urie, Newton co-hosted the Official Ugly Betty Podcast. She also appeared in ABC.com's Mode After Hours webisode series. Ugly Betty was canceled in 2010 after four successful seasons allowing the show to receive a proper series finale.
In late 2009, Newton performed at a New York City Center Encores! presentation of the Gershwin musical Girl Crazy, which was directed by Jerry Zaks. She portrayed Molly Gray and performed opposite real-life husband Chris Diamantopoulos.
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Ben Cousins
Benjamin Luke "Ben" Cousins (born 30 June 1978) is a former Australian rules footballer, best known for his 270-game career with West Coast and Richmond in the Australian Football League (AFL).
Cousins is listed by journalist Mike Sheahan as one of the top 50 players of all time. During his eleven years with West Coast, he won several of the league's highest individual awards including a Brownlow Medal, Most Valuable Player and a premiership medallion, was selected six times in the All-Australian Team and represented Australia in the International Rules Series. He was West Coast's club champion for four seasons and captain for five seasons.
His football career has been marred by highly-publicised off-field incidents involving recreational drug use, traffic convictions and association with criminal elements. On several occasions he was fined or sanctioned by the West Coast Eagles, culminating in his contract's termination on 17 October 2007. On 19 November he was banned from AFL for one year by the AFL Commission for "bringing the game into disrepute". Cousins was cleared to return to football in 2009 and was drafted by Richmond Football Club on 16 December 2008. He retired from the game at the end of the 2010 season.
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Ben Lee
Benjamin Michael "Ben" Lee (born 11 September 1978 in Sydney) is an ARIA Award winning musician and actor. Lee began his career as a musician at the age of 14 with the Sydney band Noise Addict, but focused on his solo career when the band broke up in 1995. He appeared as the protagonist in the Australian film The Rage in Placid Lake (2003). Lee has released eight solo studio albums.
Lee's musical career began in 1993 with the band Noise Addict, who were signed to Steve Pavlovic's independent label Fellaheen Records, on the strength of a self-produced and distributed four-track demo recorded in Lee's bedroom. Pavlovic's connections brought the band to the attention of Sonic Youth's Thurston Moore and Beastie Boys' Mike D, both of whom released the band's material in the US. The group put out several releases on the Beasties' Grand Royal Records. These including the acoustic Young and Jaded EP in 1994, which contained Lee's Evan Dando tribute, "I Wish I Was Him." In 1995, Grand Royal released the band's only full length, the Brad Wood produced Meet the Real You. Noise Addict made a music video for the song "16", toured with Sebadoh, but then broke up. Lee was also briefly a member of the alternative act Gerling. In 2009 Lee recorded a new Noise Addict album, "It was Never about the Audience," with a new lineup; Lou Barlow and Lara Meyerratken.
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Ben Sheets
Ben M. Sheets (born July 18, 1978 in Baton Rouge, Louisiana) is an American baseball starting pitcher. He was a four-time All-Star and Olympic Gold Medalist, but his career was hampered by injuries.
Sheets graduated from St. Amant High School and went to college at Northeast Louisiana University (now the University of Louisiana at Monroe) on a baseball scholarship. He once struck out twenty batters in a game against Louisiana Tech.
Drafted by the Milwaukee Brewers in the first round (10th overall) of the 1999 draft, he made his professional debut with the Ogden Raptors of the Pioneer League. In August, against the Idaho Falls Chukars, Sheets struck out eight batters while allowing just one hit through five innings. Later in the month, he was promoted to Class A Stockton of the California League. In his seven minor league starts that year, Sheets averaged a strikeout ratio of 10.09 batters per nine innings.
In 2000, Sheets was on the United States national team for the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. He pitched 22 innings, struck out 11 batters, walked one, and gave up 11 hits during the tournament, and faced off against Cuban ace Pedro Luis Lazo in the gold medal game, giving up three singles and advancing just one runner to second base for the entire game. Sheets gave up no walks and struck out five in a 4–0 complete game shutout.
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Benjamin Burnley
Benjamin Jackson Burnley IV (born March 10, 1978) is an American musician, best known as the lead vocalist, rhythm guitarist and primary songwriter for the band Breaking Benjamin.
Benjamin Burnley was born in Atlantic City, New Jersey and grew up there and in Selinsgrove, Pennsylvania. At 18, he dropped out of high school and moved to Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, where he became a roommate of former Breaking Benjamin bass player Jonathan Price. He taught himself to play guitar by listening to Nirvana's Nevermind (he cites Nirvana as his biggest influence). Before Breaking Benjamin was formed, Burnley earned money playing cover songs in various coffee houses as a solo artist. It was during this era that his band got its name. After performing a Nirvana cover, Ben knocked over a microphone (in imitation of his lifelong idol Kurt Cobain) and cracked it. The mic's owner walked onstage and said, "I'd like to thank Benjamin for breaking my fucking microphone."[citation needed]
In 1998, Burnley and former lead guitarist Aaron Fink, got together (along with Nick Hoover and Chris Lightcap) and started the band “Breaking Benjamin.” Eventually Ben wanted to try something different and went out to California to try some new material. The other 3 members went on to form the band “Strangers With Candy.” They recruited old friend Mark Klepaski to play bass and he joined in, and shortly after, Nick Hoover was then asked to leave the band.
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Benjamin Raich
Benjamin Raich (born February 28, 1978 in Arzl im Pitztal, Tyrol) is a champion World Cup alpine ski racer and Olympic gold medalist from Austria. With 14 medals won at Winter Olympics and World Championships, 36 World Cup race victories (in all disciplines except downhill), one first place and five second places in the World Cup overall ranking, three victories of the slalom World Cup, three victories of the combined World Cup, two victories of the giant slalom World Cup and the highest score of career World Cup points (ahead of Norwegian Kjetil André Aamodt) he can be considered among the best alpine racers in World Cup history.
After winning Junior World Championships in both slalom and giant slalom, Raich made his World Cup debut in March 1996. He scored his first victory in 1999, in slalom.
In 2001 he won the silver medal in Slalom at the World Championships, and at the end of the season he won the Slalom World Cup. In 2002 he won two bronze medals at the Salt Lake City Olympics.
Raich, who became better at faster specialities such as Super-G and Downhill with age also, in 2005 barely missed out on the overall World Cup title, placing second to American Bode Miller. At the 2005 World Championships he won a total of five medals, one for each race except for the downhill.
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Benji Gregory
Benji Gregory (born Benjamin Gregory Hertzberg on May 26, 1978 in Panorama City, California (IMDB reports that he was born in Encino, California) is an American actor. He is best known for playing the role of Brian Tanner on ALF (1986). His father, uncle and sister were all actors; his grandmother was his agent.
Prior to his stint on ALF, he appeared in several television shows which include Fantastic Max (1988-1990), Pound Puppies (1986-1987), Murphy Brown (1988), Fantasy Island (1978), The A-Team (1984), T.J. Hooker (1984), Amazing Stories (1985), The Twilight Zone (1985), and Mr. Boogedy (1986). He also made an appearance in the feature film Jumpin' Jack Flash (1986).
Gregory has also appeared as himself in the PSAs television series The More You Know and in the children's game show series I'm Telling!, as well as on a kids episode of The Dating Game[citation needed]
He also made a few appearances on the TV show Punky Brewster, playing an orphan, and was scheduled to star in a spin-off called "Fenster Hall". However, "Fenster Hall" never came to production.[citation needed]
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Bill Hader
William "Bill" Hader (born June 7, 1978) is an American actor, comedian, producer and writer. He is best known for his work as a cast member on Saturday Night Live and for his supporting roles in comedy films such as Superbad, Hot Rod, Tropic Thunder, Adventureland, Paul, Forgetting Sarah Marshall, and Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian.
Hader was born and raised in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the son of Sherri and Bill Hader. He has two sisters, Katie and Kara. Hader attended Patrick Henry Elementary School, Edison Junior High, and Cascia Hall Preparatory School, before attending The Art Institute of Phoenix and Scottsdale Community College.
Hader's comedic aspirations eventually led him to Los Angeles where he joined the Second City, a comedy troupe that has been a training ground for many SNL cast members since the 1970s. He performed at iO West in Los Angeles. During his time at Second City and iO West, Hader worked as a production assistant on the DVD Empire of Dreams: The Story of the Star Wars Trilogy and Collateral Damage, as well as an assistant on VH1's The Surreal Life.
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Bob Crane
Robert Edward "Bob" Crane (July 13, 1928 – June 29, 1978) was an American actor and disc jockey, best known for his performance as Colonel Robert E. Hogan in the television sitcom Hogan's Heroes from 1965 to 1971, and for his 1978 murder, which remains officially unsolved.
Bob Crane was born in Waterbury, Connecticut, but he spent his childhood and teenage years in Stamford, Connecticut. He graduated from Stamford High School (Stamford, Connecticut) in 1946. Music was important to Crane, and he started playing drums early in life. By junior high, he was organizing local drum and bugle parades with his neighborhood friends in Stamford. Later, he became very involved in his high school marching and jazz bands, as well as in the school’s orchestra. He also played for the Connecticut Symphony and the Norwalk Symphony Orchestras as part of the youth orchestra program. On June 21, 1948, Bob enlisted in the National Guard and was honorably discharged on May 1, 1950. In 1949, he married high school sweetheart Anne Terzian, and they raised three children - Robert David, Deborah Ann, and Karen Leslie.
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Bob Denard
Colonel Bob Denard (April 7, 1929 – October 13, 2007), born Gilbert Bourgeaud, was a French soldier and mercenary. He was known for having done various jobs in support of Françafrique (a term referring to France's sphere of influence in its former colonies) for Jacques Foccart, in charge of French president Charles de Gaulle's policy in Africa. Having fought in Algeria during the Algerian War, he then took part in the Katanga secession in the 1960s and fought in many African countries including Congo, Angola, Rhodesia (today Zimbabwe) and Gabon. Between 1975 and 1995, he participated in four coups in the Comoro Islands. It is widely believed that his adventures had the implicit support of the French state, even after the 1981 election of the French Socialist Party candidate, François Mitterrand, despite moderate changes in France's policy in Africa. He was the father of eight children and had been married seven times (polygamously), after converting to Islam.
After having served with the French Navy in Indochina and in French Algeria, Denard served as a colonial policeman in Morocco from 1952 to 1957. In 1954, he was convicted of an assassination plot against Prime Minister Pierre Mendès-France, a left-wing member of the Radical-Socialist Party who was negotiating the end of the Indochina War and withdrawal of Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria, and served 14 months in jail. An adamant anti-Communist, Denard then took part in many anti-colonialist struggles, simultaneously on his own behalf and on the behalf of the French state. Once he was freed from jail, he worked for the French secret services during the war in Algeria.
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Bob Marley
Robert Nesta "Bob" Marley, OM (6 February 1945 – 11 May 1981) was a Jamaican singer-songwriter and musician. He was the rhythm guitarist and lead singer for the ska, rocksteady and reggae band Bob Marley & The Wailers (1963–1981). Marley remains the most widely known and revered performer of reggae music, and is credited with helping spread both Jamaican music and the Rastafari movement to a worldwide audience.
Marley's music was heavily influenced by the social issues of his homeland, and he is considered to have given voice to the specific political and cultural nexus of Jamaica. His best-known hits include "I Shot the Sheriff", "No Woman, No Cry", "Could You Be Loved", "Stir It Up", "Get Up Stand Up", "Jamming", "Redemption Song", "One Love" and, "Three Little Birds", as well as the posthumous releases "Buffalo Soldier" and "Iron Lion Zion". The compilation album Legend (1984), released three years after his death, is reggae's best-selling album, going ten times Platinum which is also known as one Diamond in the U.S., and selling 25 million copies worldwide.
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Bobby Allen
Robert Paul Allen (born November 14, 1978) is an American professional ice hockey defenceman who played in the National Hockey League for the Edmonton Oilers and the Boston Bruins.
Allen played for Boston College, from which he was selected fifty-second in the 1998 NHL Entry Draft by the Boston Bruins. He was subsequently traded to the Edmonton Oilers on the 2002 trade deadline, in exchange for Sean Brown. He spent the majority of his Oiler career in the American Hockey League, although he did play one game for Edmonton in 2002–03.
On July 22, 2004 he signed as a free agent by the New Jersey Devils. Allen never played with the Devils due to the NHL Lockout. He was assigned to the Albany River Rats, of the AHL.
On July 17, 2006, Allen was signed as a free agent by hometown team, the Boston Bruins, to a one-year deal. Allen was assigned to start the 2006–07 season with Boston's AHL affiliate, the Providence Bruins. He spent the first half of the season with Providence before playing his first NHL game in 5 years with the Bruins on January 17, 2007 against the Buffalo Sabres. Allen's physical play earnt him a spot with the Bruins for the remaining half of the season. On July 6, 2007, after testing free agency Allen re-signed with the Bruins to a one year contract for the 2007–08 season.
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Bradley Eustace
Bradley Grant Eustace (12 July 1978) is an Australian composer, arranger, publisher and pianist. He works closely with modern technology, exploring the performance potential of MIDI. He is the author of several books on organ sold mainly in England and has developed software for music teachers and students from the new learner to the advanced student sitting for various music exams. Eustace created a collection entitled the Bradley Eustace Digital Music Library, which is a set of piano print music books featuring audio backing tracks in CD and SMF (Standard MIDI File) format. Many of Eustace's works are listed in the Australian Music Examinations Board,Australian and New Zealand Cultural Arts and St Cecilia School Of Music examination syllabi.
Eustace was born in Cairns on 12 July 1978, the son of Robert and Rita Eustace. Eustace started electronic organ at the age of 8. At 9 years old, he started lessons on piano, clarinet and recorder. Then at 12, he started lessons on flute which then followed with lessons on bass clarinet at 14 years. He attended Trinity Beach State School which was followed by Trinity Bay State High School, Cairns. At age 15, received his first Associate diploma from the Yamaha Music Foundation, with following years receiving Associate and Licentiate diploma from the Australian Music Examinations Board, Advanced Diploma of Educational Technology, from the Australian Guild Conservatorium, Graduate Certificate of Music Technology and then Masters of Music Technology from the Newcastle University.
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Brandon Novak
Brandon Novak (born December 10, 1978) is a professional skateboarder, actor, stuntman, and friend of Bam Margera and is a prominent member of the CKY Crew. Novak is referred to by many nicknames in the CKY world, including Dreamseller, referring to his history of drug abuse, and "Nudie Novak", for his reputation of generally being bottomless or completely nude and his promiscuous behavior.
Novak makes appearances in the CKY videos, Bam's film Haggard, Viva La Bam, Jackass Number Two, Jackass 3D, and Bam's Unholy Union. In Haggard, Novak plays a friendly drug dealer named Dooli, which was the real nickname of Novak's dealer in northwest Baltimore.
He appears regularly on the SIRIUS Satellite Radio show, Radio Bam on Faction 28. One notable radio appearance was on December 26, 2005, Novak arranged to engage in sexual activities with two prostitutes from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on Bam's SIRIUS Satellite Radio show Radio Bam. The show was cut off just as the act was starting.
In 2008, Novak appeared in Bam Margera Presents: Where the#$&% Is Santa?, which featured Novak and several other cast members trying to find Santa Claus. That same year, Novak appeared in a pornographic film by Gina Lynn called The Fantasstic Whores 4 with Margera who has had a "prominent, non-sex role".
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Bret Morrison
Bret Morrison (5 May 1912 - 25 September 1978) was an American actor best known as the voice of the mysterious crusader for law and order on radio's The Shadow.
Born in Chicago, Illinois, Morrison entered radio during the 1930s while he was still in Chicago High School. He began with The First Nighter Program".
Morrison portrayed the Shadow longer than any other actor, spending ten years in the role in two separate runs. Bill Johnstone played the Shadow until early 1943. Morrison replaced Johnstone in April, 1943, continuing until 1944. John Archer (1944–45) was followed by Steve Courtleigh (1945). Morrison then returned from 1945 until 1954. For many, he was the definitive voice of the Shadow, though his delivery was much less sinister–and, some would say,[who?] less compelling–than Orson Welles, who also portrayed the Shadow.
At age 66, Morrison died of a heart attack. He was found slumped over the steering wheel of his parked car on a Hollywood street where he had stopped for shopping after taping an episode of Heartbeat Theater. It was believed 107-degree temperatures in a Southern California heat wave may have prompted Morrison's heart attack.
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Brian Clevinger
Brian Clevinger (born May 7, 1978) is an American writer best known as the author of the webcomic 8-Bit Theater and the Eisner-nominated print comic Atomic Robo. He is also the author of the self-published novel Nuklear Age.
Clevinger's webcomic, 8-Bit Theater, which is hosted on his site Nuklear Power, is very loosely based on the video game Final Fantasy I and tells the story of four would-be fantasy heroes, known as the Light Warriors, who set out to save the world from the embodiment of Chaos, but are conflicted over their own stupidity and malice. The comic was created using 8-bit graphic sprites taken primarily from the Final Fantasy NES games, or created by either Clevinger himself or Kevin Sigmund. Spanning 1225 episodes, it ran from March 2, 2001 to June 1, 2010.
Clevinger also created two mini-comics: Dynasty Memory was created in 2002 as a parody of the Dynasty Warriors series, and Field of Battle was created in August 2005 as a parody of FPS games in general and Battlefield 2 in particular.
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Brian Urlacher
Brian Keith Urlacher ( /ˈɜrlækər/; born May 25, 1978) is an American football linebacker for the Chicago Bears of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of New Mexico, where he was recognized as an All-American and one of the school's most decorated athletes. He started his professional career with the Bears as the ninth overall pick in the 2000 NFL Draft, and has played his entire professional career for the Bears.
Urlacher has since established himself as one of the league's most productive defensive players. After winning the NFL Rookie of the Year Award in 2000, he has been elected to eight Pro Bowls, and won the NFL Defensive Player of the Year award in 2005. His playing style, accomplishments and reputation have made him one of the team's most popular players. Urlacher has also been spokesperson for several companies.Sega Sports selected Urlacher to appear on the cover of NFL 2K3, while other companies, such as Nike, McDonald's, Old Spice, and Vitamin Water, have featured him in several television advertisements and promotions.
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Briana Banks
Briana Banks (born Briana Bany; May 21, 1978) is a German-American pornographic actress and model.
Briana Bany was born in Munich, Bavaria to a German father and an American mother. They moved to Britain when she was four years old, and to the Los Angeles, California, United States suburb of Simi Valley when she was seven years old. Her father still lives in Germany. She moved out of her mother's house when she was 16 years old, taking her 14-year-old sister with her. She got custody of her sister when she turned 18. She modeled as a teenager, including a cover of Teen magazine. She held various other jobs before entering the adult industry; making pizza, clerk at an arts and crafts store, file clerk and secretary.
In 1999, she responded to an ad in the newspaper to do nude modeling for adult magazines. The photographer put her in a pornographic film. Her first film was University Coeds 18, for Dane Entertainment, in which she performed opposite Brandon Iron. She entered the industry under the name "Mirage", but began calling herself "Briana Banks" in 2000, after having the first of two breast enlargement operations. Having had aspirations of being a supermodel, she chose the professional surname "Banks" after model Tyra Banks. Her first appearance using the new name was in the film Decadent Whores 9. She was Penthouse magazine's Pet of the Month in June 2001. The same year, she signed with Vivid Entertainment.
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Briggs Initiative
California Proposition 6 was an initiative on the California State ballot on November 7, 1978, and was more commonly known as The Briggs Initiative. Sponsored by John Briggs, a conservative state legislator from Orange County, the failed initiative would have banned gays and lesbians, and possibly anyone who supported gay rights, from working in California's public schools. The Briggs Initiative was the first failure in a movement that started with the successful campaign headed by Anita Bryant and her organization Save Our Children in Dade County, Florida to repeal a local gay rights ordinance.
Harvey Milk was instrumental in fighting the measure, and opposition from Ronald Reagan helped defeat it.
Singer and Florida Citrus Commission spokesperson Anita Bryant received national news coverage for her successful efforts to repeal a Dade County, Florida ordinance preventing discrimination based on sexual orientation. This success sparked additional efforts to repeal legislation that added sexual orientation or preference as a protected group to anti-discrimination statutes and codes. In a step beyond repeal of anti-discrimination measures, Oklahoma and Arkansas banned gays and lesbians from teaching in public schools. The idea for the Briggs Initiative was formed during the success of the repeal of the Dade County anti-discrimination language.
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Bruce Catton
Charles Bruce Catton (October 9, 1899 – August 28, 1978) was an American historian and journalist, best known for his books on the American Civil War. Known as a narrative historian, Catton specialized in popular history, featuring colorful characters and historical vignettes, in addition to the basic facts, dates, and analyses. Although his books were well researched and supported by footnotes, they were not generally presented in a rigorous academic style. He won a Pulitzer Prize in 1954 for A Stillness at Appomattox, his study of the final campaign of the war in Virginia.
Charles Bruce Catton was born in Petoskey, Michigan, to George R. and Adela M. (Patten) Catton, and raised in Benzonia, Michigan. His father was a Congregationalist minister, who accepted a teaching position in Benzonia Academy and later became the academy's headmaster. As a boy, Catton first heard the reminiscences of the aged veterans who had fought in the Civil War. In his memoir, Waiting for the Morning Train (1972), Catton explained how their stories made a lasting impression upon him:
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Bubba Watson
Gerry Lester "Bubba" Watson, Jr. (born November 5, 1978) is an American professional golfer on the PGA Tour. One of the few left-handed golfers on tour, he is a major champion, the winner of the Masters Tournament in 2012. Among the longest drivers on the PGA Tour, in 2007 he had an average drive of 315.2 yards (288.2 m) and can hit a ball over 350 yards (320 m), capable of generating a ball speed up to 194 mph (312 km/h)]. Watson won the 2012 Masters Tournament after defeating Louis Oosthuizen in a sudden death playoff. The win elevated Watson to a career-high fourth place in the Official World Golf Ranking.
Watson was born and raised in Bagdad, Florida, near Pensacola. He played on the golf team at Milton High School, which had featured future PGA Tour members Heath Slocum and Boo Weekley just before he attended. Watson played golf for Faulkner State Community College in nearby Baldwin County, Alabama, where he was a junior college All-American. He transferred to the University of Georgia, the defending NCAA champions, and played for the Bulldogs in 2000 and 2001. As a junior, Watson helped lead the Bulldogs to the SEC title in 2000.
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Bülent Ecevit
Mustafa Bülent Ecevit (Turkish: [byˈlænt edʒeˈvit]; 28 May 1925–5 November 2006) was a Turkish politician, poet, writer, scholar, and journalist, who was the leader of Republican People's Party (CHP), later of the Democratic Left Party (DSP) and four-time Prime Minister of Turkey.
Born in Ankara, Ecevit's father was Ahmet Fahri Ecevit who was born in Kastamonu and was a professor of forensic medicine at Ankara University. Later Ahmet Fahri started his political life as CHP's Kastamonu deputy between 1943-1950. His mother, Fatma Nazlı, was born in Istanbul and was among the first women in Turkey to paint professionally. In 1944, Ecevit graduated from Robert College in Istanbul and later from the University of London's School of Oriental and African Studies, and then started working as a translator in the Press Publication Head Office (Basın Yayın Genel Müdürlüğü). He married his classmate Rahşan Aral in 1946. He went to the United States in the mid–1950s on a State Department fellowship, and worked at two newspapers in North Carolina.
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Candice Michelle
Candice Michelle Beckman-Ehrlich (born September 30, 1978), better known as Candice Michelle, is an American model, actress, and professional wrestler best known for her time with World Wrestling Entertainment.
After spending years modeling and acting, Candice Michelle was hired by WWE in 2004, after she participated in the WWE Diva Search. Outside of wrestling, she is known as the Go Daddy Girl, performing in the company's annual Super Bowl commercials. She also posed for a cover and nude pictorial in the April 2006 issue of Playboy. At Vengeance in 2007, she defeated Melina to win her first WWE Women's Championship and became the first former Diva Search contestant to win a WWE title. She was released from her WWE contract on June 19, 2009.
Candice Michelle grew up in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and she is of German and Costa Rican descent. She played varsity and college basketball and has an avid interest in many sports. Because she is from the state of Wisconsin, Candice is a Green Bay Packers fan.
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Carl Barât
Carl Ashley Raphael Barât (born 6 June 1978) is an English musician, actor and author. He was the frontman and lead guitarist of Dirty Pretty Things, and recently debuted a solo album, but is best known for being the co-frontman with Peter Doherty of the garage rock band The Libertines.
Carl Barât was born in Basingstoke, England on 6 June 1978, and spent most of his childhood in Whitchurch, Hampshire. In a September 2004 interview with Blender Magazine, Barât mentioned having a French, Russian and Polish ethnic background.
As a youth, Barât divided his time between his divorced parents. His father, a former artist, worked in an armaments factory, and his mother, Chrissie, was part of the commune-dwelling counterculture and a member of peace groups such as the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament. Barât spent part of his childhood living with his mother on a commune in Somerset. He has one sister, actress-turned-singer Lucie Barât, who played Helen's handmaiden in the 2004 film Troy, founded publishing house and artistic organization Little Episodes, and is currently the lead singer of The Fay Wrays. He also has three half-siblings, one step brother and one step sister.
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Carl Betz
Carl Betz (March 9, 1921 – January 18, 1978) was an American film and television actor. A native of Mount Lebanon, Pennsylvania, Betz participated in childhood theatricals and later worked in summer stock. He graduated from Mount Lebanon High School in 1939 and then served in the military. Following military service, he graduated from Carnegie Tech and made his Broadway debut in 1952. He appeared in the television soap Love of Life, but is best remembered for playing Donna Reed's TV husband Dr. Alex Stone from 1958 to 1966 in the ABC sitcom The Donna Reed Show. Between 1967 and 1969, he played defense attorney Clinton Judd in Judd for the Defense, and won an Emmy Award in 1969 for his work. He died of lung cancer.
Growing up in the Pittsburgh suburb of Mount Lebanon, Betz began his acting career unofficially in grammar school when he formed a theatrical company with friends, performing plays in his grandmother's basement. He later took part in a Pittsburgh summer stock company, working for $45 a week along with room and board.
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Carl Johan Bergman
Carl Johan Bergman (born 14 March 1978 in Ekshärad (near Torsby)) is a Swedish biathlete. He lives in Lillehammer, Norway with his Norwegian wife, Liv Kjersti Eikeland. He is 5 ft 8½ in (174 cm), and weighs 152 lb (69 kg; 10 st 12 lb).
He studies computer science at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim. His mother is called Birgitta, his father is Lennart, and he has a younger sister called Johanna.
Bergman has been competing in the World Cup since 2001/02. During his career he has finished the overall season in 61st (2001/02), 40th (2002/03), 24th (2003/04), 14th (2004/05), and he finished the 2005/06 season in 11th place.
The 2005/06 season was Bergmans best season yet, he finished 11th in the overall standings, 375 points behind champion Ole Einar Bjørndalen, and 256 behind second place Raphaël Poirée. He was only 33 points behind Michael Greis who was tenth, which would have been disappointing for Bergman as the top ten biathletes have all their travel and accommodation costs covered by the IBU. Bergman came tenth in the sprint standings, 63 points behind Tomasz Sikora. He was eighth in the pursuit standings, 118 points behind Bjørndalen. In the individual standings he came 30th, 110 behind Greis, and in the mass start he was 23rd, 130 points behind Bjørndalen.
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Carlos Chávez
Carlos Antonio de Padua Chávez y Ramírez (13 June 1899 – 2 August 1978) was a Mexican composer, conductor, music theorist, educator, journalist, and founder and director of the Mexican Symphonic Orchestra. He was influenced by native Mexican cultures. Of his six symphonies, his Symphony No. 2, which uses native Yaqui percussion instruments, is probably the most popular.
The seventh child of a creole family, Chávez was born on Tacuba avenue in Mexico City, near the suburb of Popotla (Garcia Morillo 1960, 11). His paternal grandfather, José María Chávez Alonso, served as governor of the state of Aguascalientes and was ordered executed by Emperor Maximilian in 1864. His father, Augustín Chávez, invented a plough that was produced and used in the United States, and died when Carlos was barely three years old (Parker 1998, 3).
Carlos had his first piano lessons from his brother Manuel, and later on he was taught by Asunción Parra, Manuel Ponce and Pedro Luis Ozagón, for piano, and later Juan Fuentes for harmony. His family often went on vacations to Tlaxcala, Michoacán, Guanajuato, Oaxaca and other places where the cultural influence of the Aztec and other indigenous peoples was still very strong (Parker 2001).
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Carlos Edwards
Akenhaton Carlos Edwards (born 24 October 1978), more commonly known as Carlos Edwards, is a Trinidadian footballer who plays for Ipswich Town as a right-back.
Edwards, a right-winger also adept at right-back, started his professional career at Defence Force in his native Trinidad and Tobago, where he had attended the same school (St Anthony's College in Westmoorings) as future team-mate Kenwyne Jones.
He was later signed by Wrexham for £250,000 in 2000, along with Dennis Lawrence and Hector Sam, after a successful trial.
He helped the club win promotion to the Second Division in 2002–03, scoring 10 goals and winning Wrexham’s Player of the Year award and being selected for the PFA Third Division Team of the Year along the way. He then added a further five goals the following season as the club finished mid-table, with Edwards again voted into the PFA Team of the Year.
However, he suffered a knee injury while on international duty in 2004 that put him on the sidelines for most of the 2004–05 season. The campaign ended in relegation for the club but Edwards did win his first silverware in English football in the form of the 2005 Football League Trophy.
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Caroline Dhavernas
Caroline Dhavernas (/ˈkærəlɨn dəˈvɜrnə/; born May 15, 1978) is a Canadian actress. Dhavernas is best known in the United States as "Jaye" from the short-lived television series Wonderfalls on Fox. She starred as Dr. Lily Brenner in the ABC medical drama Off the Map.
Dhavernas was born in Montreal, Quebec, the daughter of the Québécois actors Sébastien Dhavernas and Michèle Deslauriers. Her first name is pronounced like "Carolyn" because of her French-Canadian heritage. Her last name is roughly pronounced "Daverna" for the English-speaking audience but originally pronounced "Davernaus" (aus like house). Her sister Gabrielle Dhavernas is also an actress and specialises in dubbing. The voice timbre of both actresses is very similar, so similar that Gabrielle can dub the voice of Caroline. She learned English at a very young age, as her parents sent her to an English-speaking elementary school called The Priory School.
She began her career at the age of 8, dubbing voices for television productions such as Babar. At the age of 12 she began her acting career in the film Comme un Voleur (1990).
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Carolyn Moos
Carolyn Moos (pronounced /ˈmuːs/; born May 23, 1978 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is an American model, personal trainer, nutrition consultant and a former collegiate and professional basketball player.
Moos won a gold medal playing for the US in the Junior Olympics traveling to Frankfurt, Slovakia, Brazil and Chetumal. She lived in France for a time where she played professional basketball after her completing her B.A. at Stanford. In the WNBA (2001–2003) she played for four teams: the Phoenix Mercury, Miami Sol and the Minnesota Lynx. The last two of her terms in the WNBA were brief, with the third lasting little over a week. Moos also has a M.A. from USC and runs FITT4Life: Nutrition consulting, personal training, yoga and overall wellness. She provides live and virtual training and nutrition consulting through her website.
Moos, a 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) Center, is well known for her long and slender frame and 37" leg inseam.
Moos was born in May 1978 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, the daughter of Melinda and Charles Moos. She also has an older brother, Dan Moos. In her youth she was a dedicated show horse jumper from the age of nine until she turned thirteen, along with enjoying tennis, soccer, hockey, swimming, dance (hip hop, ballet, jazz)- busy student-athlete.
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Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh
Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh (12 February 1911 – 21 March 1978; Irish pronunciation: [ˈcaɾˠwaɫ̪ oː ˈdˠaːɫ̪i]) served as the fifth President of Ireland, from 1974 to 1976. He resigned in 1976 after a clash with the government. He also had a notable legal career, including serving as Chief Justice of Ireland.
Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh, one of four children, was born on 12 February 1911, in Bray, County Wicklow. His father was a shopkeeper with little interest in politics.
Cearbhall had an older brother; Aonghus, and two younger sisters; Úna and Nuala. He went to St. Cronan's Boys National School. and later to Synge Street CBS in Dublin. While attending University College Dublin, he became auditor of An Cumann Gaelach and of the Literary and Historical Society. He also became Irish language editor of the Irish Press.
A graduate of University College Dublin, Ó Dálaigh was a committed Fianna Fáil supporter who served on the party's National Executive in the 1930s, he became Ireland's youngest Attorney General in 1946 under Taoiseach Éamon de Valera, serving until 1948. Unsuccessful in Dáil Éireann and Seanad Éireann elections in 1948 and 1951, he was re-appointed as Attorney General in 1951 and in 1953 he was appointed as the youngest member of the Supreme Court by his mentor, de Valera. Less than a decade later, he became Chief Justice, when selected by then Taoiseach, Seán Lemass. He was a keen actor in his early years and became a close friend of actor Cyril Cusack. It is commonly stated that Ó Dálaigh and Cusack picketed the Dublin launch of Disney's Darby O'Gill and the Little People, for what they felt was the film's stereotyping of Irish people. However, there is no contemporary reference of this ever occurring.
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Champ Bailey
Roland "Champ" Bailey (born June 22, 1978) is an American football cornerback for the Denver Broncos of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at the University of Georgia and earned All-American honors. Bailey was drafted in the first round (seventh overall pick) of the 1999 NFL Draft by the Washington Redskins, and he has played professionally for the Redskins and Denver Broncos of the NFL.
Bailey ranks first among Broncos in all-time career interceptions. He has appeared in 11 Pro Bowls (the most for any cornerback in NFL history), and is widely regarded as one of the best pass defenders in NFL history.
Bailey was born in Folkston, Georgia. He attended Charlton County High School in Folkston, and played high school football for the Charlton County Indians.
He was one of the most reliable shutdown corners in his high school years and was widely recruited by colleges across the nation.
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Charles Boyer
Charles Boyer (28 August 1899 – 26 August 1978) was a French actor who appeared in more than 80 films between 1920 and 1976. After receiving an education in drama, Boyer became a star of 1920s French theater, but he found his greatest success in American movies during the 1930s. His memorable performances were among the era's most highly praised in romantic dramas such as Conquest (1937), Algiers (1938), and Love Affair (1939). Another famous role was in the 1944 mystery-thriller Gaslight. He received four Academy Award nominations for Best Actor.
Boyer was born in Figeac, Lot, Midi-Pyrénées, France, the son of Augustine Louise Durand and Maurice Boyer, a merchant. Boyer was a shy, small-town boy who discovered the movies and theatre at the age of eleven. Boyer performed comic sketches for soldiers while working as a hospital orderly during World War I. He began studies briefly at the Sorbonne, and was waiting for a chance to study acting at the Paris Conservatory. He went to the capital city to finish his education, but spent most of his time pursuing a theatrical career. In 1920, his quick memory won him a chance to replace the leading man in a stage production, and he scored an immediate hit. In the 1920s, he not only played a suave and sophisticated ladies' man on the stage but also appeared in several silent films.
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Charles Dickens
Charles John Huffam Dickens ( /ˈtʃɑrlz ˈdɪkɪnz/; 7 February 1812 – 9 June 1870) was an English writer and social critic who is generally regarded as the greatest novelist of the Victorian period and the creator of some of the world's most memorable fictional characters. During his lifetime Dickens' works enjoyed unprecedented popularity and fame, but it was in the twentieth century that his literary genius was fully recognized by critics and scholars. His novels and short stories continue to enjoy an enduring popularity among the general reading public.
Born in Portsmouth, England, Dickens left school to work in a factory after his father was thrown into debtors' prison. Though he had little formal education, his early impoverishment drove him to succeed. He edited a weekly journal for 20 years, wrote 15 novels and hundreds of short stories and non-fiction articles, lectured and performed extensively, was an indefatigable letter writer, and campaigned vigorously for children's rights, education, and other social reforms.
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Charles Herbert Best
Charles Herbert Best, CC, CH, CBE, MD, FRS, FRSC, FRCP (February 27, 1899 – March 31, 1978) was an American-Canadian medical scientist and one of the co-discoverers of insulin[citation needed].
Born in West Pembroke, Washington County, Maine, he was the son of Luella Fisher and Herbert Huestis Best, Canadians from Nova Scotia.
Best moved to Toronto, Ontario in 1915 where he started studying towards a bachelor of arts degree at University College, University of Toronto. In 1918, he enlisted in the Canadian Army serving with the 2nd Canadian Tank Battalion. After the war, he completed his degree in physiology and biochemistry.
As a 22-year-old medical student at the University of Toronto he worked as an assistant to Dr. Frederick Banting and played a major role in the discovery of the pancreatic hormone insulin—one of the more significant medical advances, enabling an effective treatment for diabetes. In the spring of 1921, Banting travelled to Toronto to visit J.J.R. Macleod, professor of physiology at the University of Toronto, and asked Macleod if he could use his laboratory. Macleod was initially sceptical, but eventually agreed before leaving on holiday for the summer. Before leaving for Scotland he supplied Banting with ten dogs for experiment and two medical students, Charles Best and Clark Noble, as lab assistants.
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Charlie Chaplin
Sir Charles Spencer "Charlie" Chaplin, KBE (16 April 1889 – 25 December 1977) was an English comic actor, film director and composer best known for his work during the silent film era. He became the most famous film star in the world before the end of World War I. Chaplin used mime, slapstick and other visual comedy routines, and continued well into the era of the talkies, though his films decreased in frequency from the end of the 1920s. His most famous role was that of The Tramp, which he first played in the Keystone comedy Kid Auto Races at Venice in 1914. From the April 1914 one-reeler Twenty Minutes of Love onwards he was writing and directing most of his films, by 1916 he was also producing them, and from 1918 he was even composing the music for them. With Mary Pickford, Douglas Fairbanks and D. W. Griffith, he co-founded United Artists in 1919.
Chaplin was one of the most creative and influential personalities of the silent-film era. He was influenced by his predecessor, the French silent film comedian Max Linder, to whom he dedicated one of his films. His working life in entertainment spanned over 75 years, from the Victorian stage and the music hall in the United Kingdom as a child performer, until close to his death at the age of 88. His high-profile public and private life encompassed both adulation and controversy. Chaplin was identified with left-wing politics during the McCarthy era and he was ultimately forced to resettle in Europe from 1952.
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Chase Utley
Chase Cameron Utley ( /ˈʌtliː/; born December 17, 1978) is a second baseman for the Philadelphia Phillies of Major League Baseball. A native of the Greater Los Angeles area, he was raised in the city of Long Beach. He was a star baseball player at Long Beach Polytechnic High School, before moving on to UCLA. He now currently plays for the Philadelphia Phillies as a second basemen.
Utley bats left-handed and throws right-handed. Since becoming a permanent fixture as the Phillies' second baseman, Utley has demonstrated versatility, spending some time at first base as well. As his fielding has improved over his career, Utley is seen in combination with Jimmy Rollins as one of the best middle-infield combinations in the NL. Utley is considered by fans to be a team leader, alongside Rollins and Ryan Howard.
Utley played in the Cape Cod Baseball League for the Cotuit Kettleers, an amateur baseball team, in 1999 while he was still attending UCLA. After his summer experience with Cotuit and college career, Utley was drafted by the Philadelphia Phillies in the first round (15th pick) of the 2000 amateur draft and played for the Phillies' farm system with the Batavia Muckdogs (A-short season; now a Cardinals affiliate) in 2000, the Clearwater Phillies (A, now Clearwater Threshers) in 2001, and the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Red Barons (AAA; now a Yankees affiliate) in 2002 and 2003.
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Chill Wills
Chill Theodore Wills (July 18, 1902 – December 15, 1978) was an American film actor, and a singer in the Avalon Boys Quartet.
Wills was born in Seagoville, Texas in 1902. He was a performer from early childhood, forming and leading the Avalon Boys singing group in the 1930s. After appearing with them in a few westerns, he disbanded the group in 1938 and struck out on a solo acting career.
One of his more memorable roles was that of the distinctive voice of Francis the Mule in a series of popular films. Wills' deep, rough voice and Western twang were perfectly matched to the personality of the cynical, sardonic mule. As was customary at the time, Wills was given no billing for his vocal work, though he was featured prominently on-screen as blustery General Ben Kaye in the fourth entry, Francis Joins the WACS. He provided the deep voice for Stan Laurel's performance of "The Trail of the Lonesome Pine" in the 1937 movie Way Out West.
Wills also appeared in numerous serious roles, including that of Uncle Bawley in Giant, a 1956 film starring Rock Hudson, Elizabeth Taylor, and James Dean. Wills was nominated for Best Supporting Actor in 1960 for his role as Davy Crockett's companion "Beekeeper" in the film The Alamo. However, his aggressive campaign for the award was considered tasteless by many, including the film's star/director/producer, John Wayne, who publicly apologized for Wills. Wills' publicity agent, W.S. "Bow-Wow" Wojciechowicz, accepted blame for the ill-advised effort, claiming that Wills had known nothing about it. Wills was defeated for the Oscar by Peter Ustinov, who won for his role as Lentulus Batiatus in Spartacus.
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Claude François
Claude François (1 February 1939 – 11 March 1978) was a French pop singer, songwriter and dancer. He notably wrote and composed Comme d'habitude," the original version of "My Way" and Parce que je t'aime mon enfant, the original version of "My Boy." Some of his most famous songs are Le lundi au soleil, Magnolias for ever and Alexandrie Alexandra.
Claude François sold some 70 million records during his career (and after his death) and was about to embark for the U.S. when he accidentally electrocuted himself in 1978 at age 39. His place in the entertainment world was roughly analogous to Cliff Richard in Great Britain, with a dash of Tom Jones.In France, he is described as the French Elvis Presley. Live, Claude François was also seen as James Brown with a soul bypass. Former French President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing is quoted as saying Claude François was, to him, the equivalent of The Beatles.
The son of an Italian (Calabrian) mother and a French father, Claude François was born in Egypt, in the city of Ismaïlia, where his father, Aimé François (1908–1961), was working as a shipping traffic controller on the Suez Canal. In 1951 the job took the family to the city of Port Tawfik on the Gulf of Suez.
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CM Punk
Phillip Jack Brooks (born October 26, 1978), better known by his ring name CM Punk, is an American professional wrestler signed to WWE and appearing on its Raw brand as the reigning WWE Champion.
In professional wrestling, Brooks is a seven time World Champion, having held the ROH World Championship and ECW Championship once, the World Heavyweight Championship three times and the WWE Championship twice.
In addition to these championships Punk has also won the World Tag Team Championship (with Kofi Kingston), and the WWE Intercontinental Championship making him the nineteenth WWE Triple Crown Champion and the man to achieve this honor fastest at 203 days. Between WWE and Ring of Honor (where he is also a two-time World Tag Team Champion), Punk has won a total of eleven championships. He was also the winner of the 2008 and 2009 Money in the Bank ladder matches (the only wrestler to win the match twice in a row), and was the 2011 Superstar of the Year Slammy Award winner.
Punk initially came to prominence through his career on the professional wrestling independent circuit, primarily as a member of the ROH roster, where he was the first head trainer of the ROH wrestling school as well as winning both of their championships. In 2005, Punk signed a contract with WWE and was sent to its developmental promotion, Ohio Valley Wrestling (OVW), where he won every championship available in the promotion. Throughout his career, Punk has consistently used the gimmick of being straight edge, a lifestyle he follows in his actual day-to-day life. Depending on Punk's alignment as a crowd favorite or villain, he emphasizes different aspects of the culture to encourage the desired audience reaction.
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Countess Vaughn
Countess Danielle Vaughn (born August 8, 1978) an American actress and singer, best known for her role as Alexandra DeWitt on 227 and as Kim Parker on the UPN sitcom, Moesha and spin-off, The Parkers.
Vaughn was born in Idabel, Oklahoma. She began her performing career at the age of three in 1981 singing at church. At age nine in 1988, she sang "I'll Be There" to win the Star Search junior vocalist champion and overall junior champion. She was married to Joseph James, with whom she has a son Jaylin. During an appearance on the Mo'Nique Show, she shared that she also has a daughter.
Vaughn began her acting career in 1989 with the role of Alexandria DeWitt on 227, followed by roles in Thea, Hangin' with Mr. Cooper, and Roc. She also performed in several television specials including the Lou Rawls Parade of Stars, The Magical World of Disney, the Orange Bowl Parade, the Easter Seals Telethon.
Outside of television, she performed in the off-Broadway musical Mama, I Want to Sing! Part 3. In 1998, Vaughn was honored with an NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series for her performance in Moesha. In 1992, Vaughn released her first album, Countess, featuring a variety of songs, including dance music and urban ballads. The album's lone single, a cover of James Brown's "It's A Man's, Man's, Man's World", charted in the top-100 of the Billboard R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart; the album itself sold a mere 3,000 copies. She starred in (and also sang the theme song for) the UPN sitcom, The Parkers, until the show's ending in 2004. In 2011, Vaughn made her return to situational comedy on the BET sitcom Let's Stay Together. Vaughn portrayed the friend of the character Kita portrayed by Erica Hubbard.
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Daisuke Ono
Daisuke Ono (小野 大輔, Ono Daisuke?, born May 4, 1978) is a Japanese voice actor who works for Mausu Promotion. He was born in Kōchi Prefecture. He won the 4th Seiyū Awards for best voice actor for his role as Sebastian Michaelis in Kuroshitsuji.
Leading roles in bold.
Fullhouse Kiss Shokei Festival 2007
Higurahi (BUCHIKAMACE Tekkoudan - Mamoru Akasaka) 7
Daisuke Ono & Hiroshi Kamiya Dear Girl Stories
Dear Girl ~Stories~ Hibiki
Dear My Sun!!
Dragonaut
Durarara!! DVD Vol.3 Tokuten Cover Song Collection of Shizuo Heiwajima
Full House Kiss
Hanayoi Romanesque
Kamen Rider Den-O ~｢Chou Climax Jump｣
Kamen Rider Den-O ~｢Chou Jump Double-Action Strike form｣
KoiGIG ~DEVIL×ANGEL~ Battle Love
KoiGIG ~DEVIL×ANGEL~ ROAD THAT BELIEVE
Kura Noah Cry No More ~ Boku to Kimi No Sekai
Kuroshitsuji ｢Sono Shitsuji, Kashou｣
Kuroshitsuji ｢黒執事、熱唱｣Release date: August 25, 2010
Minami-ke
Miracle ☆ Train Vol. 4 ~Izayoi Tsukishima
Monochrome Factor ED ~ AWAKE ~Boku no Subete~
Monochrome Factor Character Song Factor 1. Akira
Monochrome Factor PS2 Cross Road OST
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Damien Johnson
Damien Michael Johnson (born 18 November 1978) is a Northern Irish footballer who plays as a midfielder.
He began his career with Blackburn Rovers and spent five years with the club, as well as spending time on loan with Nottingham Forest. He moved to Birmingham City in 2002, where he spent the next eight seasons and became the club's captain. Johnson was transferred to Plymouth Argyle in 2010 and spent the 2010–11 and 2011–12 season on loan with Huddersfield Town. He represented the Northern Ireland national team over an eleven year period, earning 56 caps.
His first English team was Blackburn Rovers, for whom Johnson signed as a trainee, from Portadown F.C. in 1997, making his debut in the League Cup on 30 September 1997, a 1–0 defeat to Preston North End, in which he picked up a yellow card.
Loaned to Nottingham Forest on 28 January 1998, Johnson played in five games, and, despite accruing a yellow card in his last February appearance, performed well for the team.
On 8 March 2002, Johnson moved to Birmingham City for £50,000 and in September 2004, he signed a new three-year contract.
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Dan Dailey
Daniel James Dailey Jr. (December 14, 1915 – October 16, 1978) was an American dancer and actor.
Born in New York City on December 14, 1915, to James J. and Helen Dailey, both born in New York City. He appeared in a minstrel show when very young, and appeared in vaudeville before his Broadway debut in 1937 in Babes in Arms. In 1940, he was signed by MGM to make movies and, although his past career had been in musicals, he was initially cast as a Nazi in The Mortal Storm and a mobster in The Get Away. However, the people at MGM realized their mistake quickly and cast him in a series of musical films.
He served in the United States Army during World War II, was commissioned as an Army officer after graduation from Signal Corps Officer Candidate School at Fort Monmouth, NJ. He then returned Hollywood to more musicals. Beginning with Mother Wore Tights (1947) Dailey became the frequent and favorite co-star of movie legend Betty Grable. His performance in their film When My Baby Smiles at Me in 1948 garnered him an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor.
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Dan Snyder
Daniel Snyder (February 23, 1978 – October 5, 2003) was a professional Canadian ice hockey player. He played as a centre in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Atlanta Thrashers. Following a single-vehicle accident, in which he was a passenger, Snyder fell into a coma as a result of his injuries. He died six days later of septic shock.
Despite Snyder's having played in only forty-nine NHL games, the Thrashers named an annual award after him. The Dan Snyder Memorial Award is given each year to the player that "best embodies perseverance, dedication, and hard work without reward or recognition, so that his team and teammates might succeed." The Winnipeg Jets continued to give out the award. The Vancouver Canucks' American Hockey League affiliate, the Chicago Wolves also have a yearly award given in his honor, the Dan Snyder Man of the Year Award, and have honored his number 19 by hanging a banner with other retired and honored player numbers. Likewise the Ontario Hockey League renamed their Humanitarian of the Year trophy in his honor, making it the Dan Snyder Memorial Trophy.
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Dan Wheldon
Daniel Clive "Dan" Wheldon (22 June 1978 – 16 October 2011) was a British racing driver from England. He was the 2005 Indy Racing League IndyCar Series champion, and winner of the Indianapolis 500 in both 2005 and 2011. Wheldon died from injuries shortly after a collision at the 2011 IZOD IndyCar World Championship at Las Vegas Motor Speedway on 16 October 2011, at the age of 33. His last tweet, at 12:48 pm, only a few minutes before the crash that ended his life, was "Green!"
Wheldon, who was born in Emberton, near Olney, Buckinghamshire, England, took up karting at the age of four with funding from his father. He progressed through the junior ranks of motor racing during his school years. Attending Bedford School until he completed his GCSEs at age 16, he frequently took time off to race. During his early career in open wheel racing, he developed a rivalry with Jenson Button before ultimately leaving the United Kingdom to race in America. The reasoning behind the move was that the level of investment needed to fund his racing career in the UK was beyond his family's resources. Moving to the United States in 1999, he spent several years in lower open-wheeled circuits like the U.S. F2000 Championship Series, the Toyota Atlantic series and the Indy Lights series.
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Dan White
Daniel James "Dan" White (September 2, 1946 – October 21, 1985) was a San Francisco supervisor who assassinated San Francisco Mayor George Moscone and Supervisor Harvey Milk, on Monday, November 27, 1978, at City Hall. In a controversial verdict that led to the coining of the legal slang "Twinkie defense," White was convicted of manslaughter rather than murder in the deaths of Milk and Moscone. Less than two years after serving five of a seven year prison sentence, White returned to San Francisco and committed suicide. San Francisco Weekly has referred to White as "perhaps the most hated man in San Francisco's history."
Daniel James White was born in Long Beach, California, the second of nine children. He was raised by working class parents in a Roman Catholic household in the Visitacion Valley neighborhood of San Francisco. He attended Riordan High School until he was expelled in his junior year. He went on to attend Woodrow Wilson High School where he was valedictorian of his class.
White enlisted in the United States Army in June 1965. He was a staff sergeant in the 101st Airborne Division in the Vietnam War from 1969 to 1970. White had been honorably discharged in 1971.
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Daniel arap Moi
Daniel Toroitich arap Moi (born 2 September 1924) is a Kenyan politician who was the President of Kenya from 1978 to 2002. Previously, under President Jomo Kenyatta, he was Vice-President from 1967 to 1978; he succeeded Kenyatta as President upon the latter's death.
Daniel arap Moi is popularly known to Kenyans as "Nyayo", a Swahili word for "footsteps", as he was said to be following the footsteps of the first Kenyan President, Jomo Kenyatta.
Moi was born in Kurieng'wo village, Sacho division, Baringo District, Rift Valley Province, and was raised by his mother Kimoi Chebii following the early death of his father. He is of the Kalenjin people. After completing his secondary education, he attended Tambach Teachers Training College in the Keiyo District. He worked as a teacher from 1946 until 1955.
In 1955 Moi entered politics when he was elected Member of the Legislative Council for Rift Valley. In 1960 he founded the Kenya African Democratic Union (KADU) with Ronald Ngala to challenge the Kenya African National Union (KANU) led by Jomo Kenyatta. KADU pressed for a federal constitution, while KANU was in favour of centralism. The advantage lay with the numerically stronger KANU, and the British government was finally forced to remove all provisions of a federal nature from the constitution.
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Daniel Cleary
Daniel Cleary (born December 18, 1978) is a Canadian professional ice hockey winger playing for the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League. On June 4, 2008, Cleary became the first player from Newfoundland and Labrador to get his name on the Stanley Cup when the Red Wings won hockey's top prize. He was selected in the first round of the 1997 NHL Entry Draft, 13th overall, by the Chicago Blackhawks. A common mistake made by announcers during NHL games is saying Cleary is from Carbonear, Newfoundland. Cleary was born in Carbonear, as this was/is the location of the area's only hospital, but he was raised in a nearby town called Harbour Grace, in a section of the town called Riverhead.
After playing minor hockey in his home area of Harbour Grace, Cleary left home at age 15 to play for the Kingston (ON) Voyageurs of the Metro Junior Hockey League (OHA). He scored 46 points in 41 games with the V's that season and subsequently was selected 11th overall in the 1994 OHL Priority Selection by the Belleville Bulls.
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Daniel Nathans
Daniel Nathans (October 30, 1928 – November 16, 1999) was an American microbiologist.
He was born in Wilmington, Delaware, the last of nine children born to Russian Jewish immigrant parents. During the Great Depression his father lost his small business and was unemployed for a long period of time. Nathans went to public schools and then to the University of Delaware, where he studied chemistry, philosophy, and literature. He received his M.D. degree from Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri in 1954. Nathans served as President of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland from 1995 to 1996.
Along with Werner Arber and Hamilton Smith, Nathans received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1978 for the discovery of restriction enzymes. He was also awarded with National Medal of Science in 1993.
In 1999, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine announced the creation of the McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine that was named in his honor posthumously along with Victor McKusick [1]. In 2005, the School of Medicine named one of its four colleges after Dr. Nathans.
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Danielle Hampton
Danielle Hampton (born on August 29, 1978 in Toronto) is a Canadian TV, theatre and movie actress.
In 2004 she starred as a regular cast member in the nationally televised soap opera Paradise Falls, playing the role of Charlene "Charlie" Piercy. In the same year she was also in the cast of Metropia playing Jordan. In 2005 she made guest appearances in Show Me Yours. Previous TV guest appearances include Kevin Hill (2004), Odyssey 5 (2002), and Code Name: Eternity.
Her first film role was in Ginger Snaps. Other film credits include White Knuckles (2004), Detention (2003), and If Wishes Were Horses (2002)
Hampton's professional dance training began at age ten, and performed professionally before entering high school. She continued studying dance, while in high school at Earl Haig Secondary School in Toronto; and then subsequently at the George Randolph Academy.
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Darius Songaila
Darius Songaila (born February 14, 1978) is a Lithuanian professional basketball player. He is also a member of the Lithuania national team. He can play power forward and center positions, but prefers the former. He currently plays for Blancos de Rueda Valladolid in the Spanish Liga ACB.
Songaila attended the New Hampton School in New Hampton, New Hampshire. He played the Nike Hoop Summit in 1998. He was also named to the All-European Under-22 Championship 2nd Team.
Darius Songaila played college basketball at Wake Forest University. He was named 3rd Team All-ACC in 2000 and 2nd-Team All-ACC in 2002. He was also named Honorable Mention All-American by the Associated Press as a senior.
Songaila was selected with the 50th pick of the 2002 NBA Draft by the Boston Celtics, who eventually dealt his rights to the Sacramento Kings.
He joined CSKA Moscow for the 2002–03 season and won the Russian Basketball Super League.
Songaila signed with the Kings in June 2003. He averaged 6.1 points and 3.7 rebounds in 154 games (28 starts) with the Kings over two seasons.
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David Berkowitz
David Richard Berkowitz (born Richard David Falco; June 1, 1953), also known as Son of Sam and the .44 Caliber Killer, is an American serial killer and arsonist whose crimes terrorized New York City from July 1976 until his arrest in August 1977. Shortly after his arrest in August 1977, Berkowitz confessed to killing six people and wounding several others in the course of eight shootings in New York between 1976 and 1977. He has been imprisoned for those crimes since 1977. Berkowitz subsequently claimed that he was commanded to kill by a demon that possessed his neighbor's dog.
Berkowitz later amended his confession to claim he was the shooter in only two incidents, personally killing three people and wounding a fourth. The other victims were killed, Berkowitz claimed, by members of a violent satanic cult of which he was a member. Though he remains the only person charged with, or convicted of the shootings, some law enforcement authorities argue that Berkowitz's claims are credible. According to John Hockenberry formerly of MSNBC and NPR, many officials involved in the original "Son of Sam" case suspected that more than one person was committing the murders. Hockenberry also reported that the Son of Sam case was reopened in 1996 and, as of 2004[update], it was still considered open.
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David Krumholtz
David Krumholtz (born May 15, 1978) is an American actor best known for playing Professor Charlie Eppes in the television series Numb3rs. He appeared as Seth Goldstein in Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle and its two sequels, Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay and A Very Harold & Kumar 3D Christmas. He is also known for his role as Bernard the Arch-Elf in The Santa Clause and its sequel, The Santa Clause 2. Additionally, he is known for his role as "Mr. Universe" in the 2005 film Serenity.
Krumholtz was born in Queens, New York. He is the son of Judy, a dental assistant, and Michael Krumholtz, a postal worker. He grew up in a "very working-class, almost poor" Jewish family. His mother moved from Hungary to the U.S. in 1956, and his paternal grandparents immigrated from Poland.
Krumholtz began his acting career at the age of 13 when he followed his friends to an open audition for the Broadway play Conversations with My Father (1992). Though he did not expect to get the part, he won the role of Young Charlie opposite Judd Hirsch, Tony Shalhoub, and Jason Biggs, who was also making his Broadway debut. Soon after his run on Broadway, Krumholtz co-starred in two feature films, Life With Mikey (1993) opposite Michael J. Fox, and Addams Family Values (1993) opposite Christina Ricci. For his role in Mikey, David was nominated for a 1993 Young Artist Award. Although his work in these two films garnered him critical attention, David is probably best known by children as the sarcastic head elf Bernard from The Santa Clause (1994) and its 2002 sequel The Santa Clause 2: The Mrs Clause, but due to filming overlap with Numb3rs was unable to take part in The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause.[citation needed]
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David Rorvik
David Michael Rorvik (born 1944) is an American journalist and novelist who was the author of the 1978 book In his Image: The Cloning of a Man in which he claimed to have been part of a successful endeavor to create a clone of a human being.
Rorvik was born in Circle, Montana. He graduated with a B.A. from the University of Montana in 1966 and a M.S. summa cum laude from the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism in 1967.[citation needed] He worked as a science writer and a medical reporter for Time and contributed articles to numerous publications, including The New York Times, and wrote several books.
In a 1969 magazine article, Rorvik outlined the Shettles Method to influence the sex of a child. In 1971, the bestselling book Your Baby's Sex: Now You Can Choose (co-authored by Rorvik and Landrum B. Shettles) was published. In 1976, Rorvik was awarded an Alicia Patterson Foundation Fellowship for investigatory reporting on the politics of cancer research worldwide. Some of his findings from this investigation were reported on in Harper's Magazine, the Washington Post and other publications.[citation needed] Earlier in his career, he was the recipient of a Pulitzer Traveling Fellowship for investigation of the effects of apartheid politics in Africa on press freedoms.[citation needed]
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Denis Dallan
Denis Dallan (born 4 March 1978 in Asolo, province of Treviso) is an Italian rugby union footballer. His usual position is on the wing. He plays for Italian club Amatori Milan. Dallan has also been capped for the national team, and was a part of their squad at the 2003 Rugby World Cup in Australia.
He debuted for Italy in 1999, and since then has earned 40 caps for the national team. He made his Test debut against Scotland on 6 March, although earlier that year he played for Italy against a non-cap French XV, and in 1997 he represented Italy 'A' against Denmark. He became a regular in the Italian Test side, and in 2003 was included in their World Cup squad for Australia. He played in three matches at the World Cup, against Tonga, Canada and Wales.
He played for Stade Français Paris, a top club in the elite level of domestic French rugby, the Top 14. Prior to Paris he played for Benetton Treviso in Italy. He now plays for Venezia Mestre back in Italy.
Denis is an accomplished singer and led the singing of the Italian National Anthem for the recent international against the All Blacks held at the San Siro Stadium in November 2009.
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Dennis Kucinich
Dennis John Kucinich ( /kuːˈsɪnɪtʃ/; born October 8, 1946) is the U.S. Representative for Ohio's 10th congressional district, serving since 1997. He was furthermore a candidate for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States in the 2004 and 2008 presidential elections.
The district includes most of western Cleveland as well as suburbs such as Parma and Lakewood. He is a member of the House Committee on Education and the Workforce.
From 1977 to 1979, Kucinich served as the 53rd mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, a tumultuous term in which he survived a recall election and was successful in a battle against selling the municipal electric utility before being defeated for reelection by George Voinovich.
Through his various governmental positions and campaigns, Kucinich has attracted attention for consistently delivering "the strongest liberal" perspective. This perspective has been shown by his actions, such as bringing articles of impeachment against President George W. Bush and Vice President Dick Cheney, and being the only Democratic candidate in the 2008 election to have voted against invading Iraq, although eventual nominee Barack Obama had also opposed the Iraq War at the time it was started, even though he had not been in Congress at the time.
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Devon Sawa
Devon Edward Sawa (born September 7, 1978) is a Canadian actor and voice actor. Although he appears in independent films, he is best known for portraying the part of Anton Tobias in the 1999 movie "Idle Hands" and for portraying Alex Browning in the 2000 movie Final Destination (and again in archive footage in the 2011 movie Final Destination 5). He also portrays the character Owen Elliot in the 2011 TV series Nikita.
Sawa was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, to Joyce, a homemaker, and Edward Sawa, a refrigeration mechanic. He has two siblings. His father is Polish, and his mother is "a little bit of everything".
Sawa started his career in 1992 as a children's action toy spokesperson and his acting career rapidly developed throughout the 1990s. He has appeared in lead roles in the films Little Giants, Casper, Now and Then, Wild America, Idle Hands, and Final Destination. In 2000, he portrayed the role of Stan in an Eminem music video "Stan" alongside singer Dido who played Stan's girlfriend. He then became a voice actor, portraying the voice of Flash Thompson in Spider-Man: The New Animated Series. Sawa has continued to work steadily on independent films in recent years, including Extreme Dating, Shooting Gallery, Devil's Den, Creature Of Darkness, Endure and Sibling. In 2011, Sawa guest-starred on the CW television drama Nikita as Owen. He also joined the cast of two horror films, 388 Arletta Avenue and Sibling.
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Dianne Feinstein
Dianne Goldman Berman Feinstein ( /ˈfaɪnstaɪn/; born June 22, 1933) is the senior United States Senator from California. A member of the Democratic Party, she has served in the Senate since 1992. She also served as 38th Mayor of San Francisco from 1978 to 1988.
Born in San Francisco, Feinstein graduated from Stanford University. In the 1960s she worked in city government, and in 1970 she was elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. She served as the board's first female president in 1978, during which time the assassinations of Mayor George Moscone and City Supervisor Harvey Milk drew national attention to the city. Feinstein, who was the first to discover the shootings, succeeded Moscone as mayor. During her tenure as San Francisco's first female mayor she took a politically moderate stance, leading a revamp of the city's cable car system and overseeing the 1984 Democratic National Convention.
After a failed gubernatorial campaign in 1990, she won a 1992 special election to the U.S. Senate. Feinstein was first elected on the same ballot as her peer Barbara Boxer, and the two became California's first female U.S. Senators. Feinstein formerly chaired the Senate Rules Committee (2007–2009) and has chaired the Select Committee on Intelligence since 2009. She is also the first woman to have presided over a U.S. presidential inauguration.
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Didier Drogba
Didier Yves Drogba Tébily (French pronunciation: [didje dʁɔɡba]; born 11 March 1978) is an Ivorian footballer who plays as a centre forward for Chelsea. He is the captain and all-time top scorer of the Côte d'Ivoire national football team (Ivory Coast). He has scored more goals for Chelsea than any other foreign player and is currently Chelsea's fourth highest goal scorer of all time. His key attributes include his physical strength, ability in the air, and his ability to retain possession of the ball.
After playing in youth teams, Drogba made his professional debut aged 18 for Ligue 2 club Le Mans. A late bloomer, he signed his first professional contract aged 21; it was not until the 2002–03 season that he realized his potential, scoring 17 goals in 34 appearances in Ligue 1 for Guingamp. During the same season he made his first international appearance for Côte d'Ivoire, in September, and scored his first international goal the following February. He moved to Olympique de Marseille in 2003 for £3.3 million. His scoring success at Olympique de Marseille continued, finishing as the third highest scorer in Ligue 1 with 19 goals and helped the club to reach the 2004 UEFA Cup Final.
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Dirk Nowitzki
Dirk Werner Nowitzki (German pronunciation: [ˈdɪʁk ˈvɛʁnɐ noˈvɪtski]) (born June 19, 1978) is a German professional basketball player who plays for the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association (NBA). An alumnus of Röntgen Gymnasium and DJK Würzburg basketball club, Nowitzki was drafted ninth overall by the Milwaukee Bucks in the 1998 NBA Draft, and was immediately traded to the Mavericks, where he has played ever since. Standing 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m), Nowitzki plays the power forward position but also has the athleticism and shooting ability to play the other frontcourt positions, center and small forward.
Nowitzki has led the Mavericks to 12 consecutive NBA Playoffs (2000–01–2011–12), including an NBA Finals appearance in 2006 and the franchise's first championship in 2011, making him one of only 5 players in NBA history to win a championship while being the only NBA All-Star on the team. He is an 11-time All-Star and 12-time member of the All-NBA Teams, and the first European-born player in NBA history to receive the NBA Most Valuable Player Award. He is the first Maverick ever to be voted into an All-NBA Team and also holds several all-time Mavericks franchise records. Only Nowitzki and three other players have ever averaged more than 25 points and 10 rebounds in the NBA playoffs, and only Nowitzki and Kareem Abdul-Jabbar have managed 4 consecutive 30-point, 15-rebound games in the playoffs. Additionally, Nowitzki is the only player in NBA history to get 100 blocks and 150 3-pointers in a single season.
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Duncan Grant
Duncan James Corrowr Grant (21 January 1885 – 8 May 1978) was a British painter and designer of textiles, potterty and theatre sets and costumes. He was a member of the Bloomsbury Group.
His father was Bartle Grant, a "poverty-stricken" major in the army, and much of his early childhood was spent in India and Burma. He was a grandson of Sir John Peter Grant, 12th Laird of Rothiemurchus, and the first cousin twice removed of John Grant, Lord Huntingtower, heir of the Earls of Dysart.
Grant was born on 21 January 1885 in Rothiemurchus at Aviemore in northern Scotland. He attended school in England from 1894, where he was educated at Hillbrow School, a preparatory school in Rugby, and St Paul's School, London. Grant showed little enthusiasm for studying but enjoyed art classes. He was encouraged by his art teacher and also his aunt Lady Strachey, who organised private drawing lessons for him. Eventually, he was allowed to follow his desire to become an artist, rather than join the army as his father wished, and he attended Westminster School of Art in 1902. He then studied art at the Slade School and in Italy and Paris.
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Duncan James
Duncan Matthew James Inglis (born 7 April 1978) is an English singer, actor and television presenter. He is best known as a member of the boyband Blue.
James grew up an only child in Devon and was raised primarily by his mother and grandparents after his father abandoned his mother before he was born. He was raised a "strict Catholic" and educated at Dumpton School (where his grandfather worked as a music teacher), the Milldown School in Blandford Forum and Corfe Hills School in Corfe Mullen and Sidmouth College in East Devon. At 15, he played Puck in A Midsummer Night's Dream. He also played Dr Watson in Sherlock Holmes for Sidmouth Youth Theatre. James also worked for Haven Holidays as a Havenmate on the Isle Of Wight and at West Bay in Dorset.[citation needed]
In early 2000, James, along with Antony Costa, convinced Lee Ryan and Simon Webbe to form the group Blue. Blue's R&B-influenced pop allowed the group to achieve commercial success in the United Kingdom and many other countries, including Ireland, Portugal, Belgium, Italy, France, Australia and New Zealand. From May 2001, when the group released its first single, "All Rise", until 2004, when the band released its final chart-qualifying single, "Curtain Falls", Blue had achieved 11 Top 10 singles in the UK, three of which went to Number 1.
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Duncan Kibet
Duncan Kibet (born 25 April 1978) is a runner from Kenya. He became the second fastest marathoner ever with a time of 2:04:27 hours, when he won the 2009 Rotterdam Marathon. After a series of fast performances by other runners in 2011 and 2012, Kibet is now the 5th fastest marathoner of all time on a certified world record eligible course and the 7th fastest marathoner of all time under any conditions.
Kibet dropped out of school in 1997 due to financial problems. He did not run competitively until after encouraged by his elder brother Luke Metto, who had some success as a runner at the turn of the century. He also followed Luke by moving to France, participating in local races. He won the Lille Half Marathon in 2004. Kibet started marathoning without major success. He finished 8th at the 2002 Monaco Marathon and 2nd at the 2004 Caen Marathon. He had also been in a car accident at age of 16, almost losing his ability to walk. During his early career he was afraid to run and train seriously, fearing he would break his leg again.
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Dwayne De Rosario
Dwayne Anthony De Rosario (born May 15, 1978 in Scarborough, Ontario) is a Canadian soccer player who currently plays for D.C. United in Major League Soccer. He also plays for the Canadian national team and is a four time Canadian Player of the Year.
De Rosario is the son of Guyanese immigrants to Canada. He adopted a strict vegan diet in 1994, but started eating fish ten years later. He is married to Brandy De Rosario and has two sons and a daughter. His cousin is Olympic hurdler Priscilla Lopes-Schliep. He attended Winston Churchill Collegiate Institute in Scarborough. He currently resides in Bethesda, MD with his family.
De Rosario began his career in 1997 at the age of 18, signing with the Toronto Lynx of the A-League, where his future Canadian national team teammate Paul Stalteri had played. Halfway through the season, however, De Rosario opted to change clubs, signing with German side FSV Zwickau. After two seasons with Zwickau, De Rosario opted to return to North America, signing with the Richmond Kickers in 1999. After a slow 1999 season, in which he registered two goals and five assists, De Rosario exploded in 2000, contributing 15 goals and five assists while leading the team to a 20-6-1 record.
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Ed Reed
Edward Earl Reed, Jr. (born September 11, 1978) is an American football free safety for the Baltimore Ravens of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Miami, and was a two-time All-American. He was drafted by the Baltimore Ravens 24th overall in the 2002 NFL Draft, and has played his entire professional career for the Ravens.
In his career, Reed has been selected to eight Pro Bowls, was the 2004 NFL Defensive Player of the Year Award winner, and has the NFL record for the two longest interception returns (106 yards in 2004 and 108 yards in 2008 ). He is considered one of the most dominant safeties currently playing in the NFL and is often referred to as a "ball hawk." Since entering the league, Reed has been known for studying film to memorize opposing teams' tendencies, as well as his ability to bait quarterbacks into throwing interceptions, which has earned him recognition throughout the league as being the most able defensive player to do so.
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Eddie Calvert
Albert Edward "Eddie" Calvert (15 March 1922 – 7 August 1978) was an English trumpeter, who enjoyed his greatest successes in the 1950s. Calvert had his first United Kingdom, number one instrumental single in 1954, with "Oh Mein Papa".
Calvert was born in Preston, Lancashire, England, and grew up in a family where the music of his local brass band featured highly. He was soon able to play a variety of instruments, and he was most accomplished on the trumpet. After World War II he graduated from playing as an amateur in brass bands to professional engagements with popular dance orchestras of the day, including Geraldo's plus Billy Ternet, and he soon became renowned for the virtuosity of his performances. Following his exposure on television with the Stanley Black Orchestra, an enthusiastic announcer introduced him as the 'Man With The Golden Trumpet' - an apt description that remained with him for the rest of his musical career.
Calvert's style was unusually individualistic, and he became a familiar musician on BBC Radio and TV during the 1950s. He first recorded for Melodisc, ca 1949-1951 before he started to record for the Columbia label and his records included two UK number ones, "Oh Mein Papa" and, more than a year later, "Cherry Pink and Apple Blossom White". He was the first British instrumentalist to achieve two number ones. "Oh Mein Papa" which also sold well in the United States, topped the UK Singles Chart for nine weeks (then a UK chart record), and he received the first gold disc awarded for a UK instrumental track.
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Edgar Bergen
Edgar John Bergen (February 16, 1903 – September 30, 1978) was an American actor and radio performer, best known as a ventriloquist.
Bergen was born Edgar John Berggren in Chicago, Illinois, the son of Swedish immigrants Nilla Svensdotter (née Osberg) and Johan Henriksson Berggren. He grew up in Decatur, Michigan. He taught himself ventriloquism from a pamphlet when he was 11. A few years later, he commissioned Chicago woodcarver Theodore Mack to sculpt a likeness of a rascally Irish newspaperboy he knew. The head went on a dummy named Charlie McCarthy, who became Bergen's lifelong sidekick. At age 16, he went to Chicago, where he attended Lake View High School and worked at a silent movie house. He gave his first public performance at Waveland Avenue Congregational Church which was located on the northeast corner of Waveland and Janssen. He lived across the street from the church. In 1965, he gave that church a generous contribution, a thoughtful letter, and a photograph of himself which had been requested by the minister and was displayed in the church's assembly room which was dedicated to Bergen.
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Edo Maajka
Edin Osmić (born December 22, 1978), better known by his stage name Edo Maajka, is a Bosnian rapper, record producer and songwriter. His popularity brought his group, Disciplinska Komisijaa, which Frenkie is a part of, to the mainstream. His stage name literally means "Edo the Mother". He is currently the most sought after hip hop star in Bosnia and the surrounding countries.
Edin Osmić was born and raised in Brčko (at the time SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, SFR Yugoslavia) where he finished his elementary schooling. In 1992 when the Bosnian war started, he left Bosnia and Herzegovina and went to Zagreb, the capital of Croatia, where he began attending secondary mechanical engineering school. After the war, he returned to Bosnia to study criminal law in Tuzla, but never graduated.
He took an interest in hip-hop when he was still in high school and began battling at the age of 15. He also recorded a few of his demos on his own, creating his own backing by beatboxing. He went to Tuzla and became a member of the hardcore rap group Diskord, later named Odbrana (Defence). The group became one of the best in the city of Tuzla and all of Bosnia. Their demo single "Odbrana '99" (Defence '99) was the hit of the year on the "Radio Hit" station in Brčko.
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Edward Durell Stone
Edward Durell Stone (March 9, 1902 - August 6, 1978) was a twentieth century American architect and an early proponent of modern architecture in the United States.
Stone was born in Fayetteville, Arkansas, a small college town in the northwest corner of the state. His family, early settlers of the area, owned a prosperous dry goods store. One of his childhood friends was J. William Fulbright, the future United States Senator from Arkansas and Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Stone and Fulbright remained friends throughout their lives. Stone attended the University of Arkansas, where his interest in architecture was encouraged by the chairman of the art department. His older brother, James Hicks Stone (1886–1928), was already a practicing architect in Boston, Massachusetts, and James encouraged his younger brother to join him there. While in Boston, Stone attended the Boston Architectural Club (now Boston Architectural College), Harvard University, and MIT, but he never received a degree. While studying, Stone also apprenticed in the offices of Coolidge, Shepley, Bulfinch and Abbott, H. H. Richardson’s successor firm. Henry R. Shepley, one of the firm’s senior partners, mentored Stone while he was in Boston and assisted him throughout his career.
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Eiður Guðjohnsen
Eiður Smári Guðjohnsen (born 15 September 1978) is an Icelandic footballer who currently plays for AEK Athens F.C. in the Superleague Greece. He has previously played for Premier League club Chelsea and FC Barcelona of Spain, having made his name with Bolton Wanderers. He was the captain of the Iceland national team until manager Ólafur Jóhannesson took over the team. Throughout his professional career, Guðjohnsen has scored 160 goals in all competitions with his clubs and the national team. He is the son of Arnór Guðjohnsen, a former professional footballer. He is often considered to be one of the greatest Icelandic footballers, having won titles in the Netherlands, Spain, and England as well as the Champions League.
On 24 April 1996, Guðjohnsen and his father Arnór entered football history when playing in an international friendly for Iceland against Estonia in Tallinn. Arnór started the match, and Guðjohnsen came on in the second half as a substitute for his father.
Both father and son have later expressed bitterness at the fact that they were not allowed to play together in the match. The president of the Icelandic FA, Eggert Magnússon (later of West Ham United) gave the coach, Logi Ólafsson, an express order to not play them together because he wanted it to happen on home turf, when Iceland played Macedonia two months later in the first qualification round for the 1998 FIFA World Cup.
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Elizabeth II
Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; born 21 April 1926) is the constitutional monarch of 16 sovereign states known as the Commonwealth realms, and head of the 54-member Commonwealth of Nations. She is also head of state of the Crown Dependencies.
Elizabeth was born in London, and educated privately at home. Her father acceded to the throne as George VI in 1936 on the abdication of his brother Edward VIII. She began to undertake public duties during the Second World War, in which she served in the Auxiliary Territorial Service. On the death of her father in 1952, she became Head of the Commonwealth and queen regnant of seven independent Commonwealth countries: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon. Her coronation service in 1953 was the first to be televised. Between 1956 and 1992, the number of her realms varied as territories gained independence and some realms became republics. Today, in addition to the first four aforementioned countries, Elizabeth is Queen of Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, Antigua and Barbuda, and Saint Kitts and Nevis.
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Elliott Yamin
Elliott Yamin who was born Efraym Elliott Yamin on July 20, 1978 to an Iraqi father and an American mother, is an American singer known for his hit single "Wait for You" and placing third on the fifth season of American Idol.
His self-titled album, released March 20, 2007, debuted at number one on the Billboard Independent Albums chart and at number three on the Billboard 200. The album was certified gold in the United States in October 2007. Retitled Wait for You, the album was released in Japan in May 2008 and certified gold in that country in September 2008.
Yamin also released two Christmas collections: Sounds of the Season: The Elliott Yamin Holiday Collection in October 2007 and My Kind of Holiday in October 2008.
Yamin's second album, titled Fight for Love, was released on May 5, 2009. The album's first single, "Fight for Love", premiered on AOL Music on February 13, 2009.
Yamin was born in Los Angeles, California, to father Shaul Yamin, an Israeli Jew of Iraqi Jewish descent, and mother Claudette Goldberg Yamin (d. March 31, 2008, age 65), a Jewish American of Ashkenazi descent and former professional singer known for her "fiery spirit" and for receiving the "Golden Idol for Proudest Family Moment Award" from Ryan Seacrest during her son's American Idol competition. His family relocated to Richmond, Virginia when Yamin was 11, and his parents divorced when he was 14, his father returning to Los Angeles. Yamin has an older half-sister on his mother's side, Jodi Queen, a married mother of two children and a younger brother, Scott Yamin, in pharmacy school at Campbell University in Buies Creek, North Carolina.
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Emil Steiner
Emil Gregory Steiner (born November 30, 1978) is an American novelist, and journalist who currently writes and edits The League [2] -- washingtonpost.com's NFL discussion platform. He has also served as the offbeat news blogger for The Washington Post and as a contributor to MSNBC, Washington Post Radio, NPR, CNN, WPHT and the BBC.
Steiner is an American, and a descendant of Holocaust survivors, born in West Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on November 30, 1978. He lived in Philadelphia, London, and Prague attending Friends' Central School, in Wynnewood, and the University of Pennsylvania.
After graduating in 2001, he worked as a journalist in Prague, Czech Republic. His first novel, Drunk Driving [3] was published in April, 2005.
Steiner made international news in June 2007 with his live-blogging of Pearson v. Chung, the $54 million pants lawsuit. The case involved DC Administrative Law Judge Roy Pearson suing his dry cleaner for $54 million under the DC consumer protection act after they lost his pants. Steiner's exclusive live-blogging coverage provided the only up-to-the minute reporting from inside the Washington, DC Superior Courthouse.
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Emile Heskey
Emile William Ivanhoe Heskey (born 11 January 1978) is an English footballer who is currently a Free Agent after most recently playing for Aston Villa as a striker.
Born in Leicester, Heskey started his career with hometown club Leicester City after progressing through their youth system, making his first team debut in 1995. After winning the League Cup in 1997 and 2000 he made an £11 million move to Liverpool in 2000, which, at the time, was the record transfer fee paid by the club. At Liverpool, he won multiple honours, including the FA Cup in 2001. He moved to Birmingham City in 2004 and after their relegation from the FA Premier League signed for Wigan Athletic for a club record £5.5 million fee in 2006. He signed for Aston Villa in 2009 and was released in 2012.
Heskey was an England international at under-16, under-18, under-21, B and senior levels. He made his England debut against Hungary in a 1–1 draw in 1999. He lost his place in the squad after UEFA Euro 2004, during which he failed to shine and was the subject of much criticism. After a long lay-off from international duty, Heskey was recalled to the England squad for UEFA Euro 2008 qualifiers in September 2007. He retired from international football following the 2010 FIFA World Cup, having attained 62 caps and scored seven goals for his country.
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Emilio Palma
Emilio Marcos Palma (born January 7, 1978) is an Argentine national who is the first person known to be born on the continent of Antarctica. Emilio weighed 7 pounds and 8 ounces (3.4 kg) when born in Fortín Sargento Cabral at the Esperanza Base near the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. His father, Captain Jorge Emilio Palma, was head of the Argentine army detachment at the base. While ten other people have since been born on Antarctica, Palma's birthplace remains the most southerly of anyone in history.
In late 1977, then seven months pregnant Silvia Morella de Palma the mother of Emilio was airlifted to Esperanza Base in order to complete her pregnancy in the base. The airlift was a part of the Argentine solutions to the sovereignty disputes over Argentine Antarctica. He was automatically granted Argentine citizenship by the government since his parents were both Argentine citizens, and he was born in the claimed Argentine Antarctica.
By virtue of the British nationality laws at the time of Emilio's birth, he would have right to claim British and British Overseas territory citizenship, as person born in a territory also claimed by Britain, but neither he nor his parent ever filed such a request.
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Emppu Vuorinen
Erno "Emppu" Matti Juhani Vuorinen (born 24 June 1978 in Kitee, Finland) is a Finnish guitarist, most famous for being a founding member and occasional songwriter of the symphonic metal band Nightwish. He is the oldest of five kids, having a twin brother and three younger sisters. He started to play guitar as a private study at the age of 12 and since then has played in various bands including Nightwish, Brother Firetribe, Barilari, Almah, and Altaria.
Emppu is primarily a rhythm player, often supporting the keyboard or orchestral parts of Nightwish songs. However, he plays lead melodies and solos as well. Vuorinen's solo techniques usually include alternate picking, tapping, sliding, legato, and minor to extreme whammy bar use; he also employs sweep picking, although very rarely. His solos are more melodic than those of most metal bands, but he sometimes shreds (notably in "Nightquest," "The Pharaoh Sails to Orion," "Romanticide," and "Gethsemane" by Nightwish, and also in "Traitor" by Tarot, for which he provided a solo). Nightwish's first three albums feature a larger amount of lead guitar work from Emppu than their later albums. Vuorinen has tuned his studio guitars in D tuning since the release of Century Child - until then, his guitars were tuned in standard. During concerts, he has two guitars - one for each tuning.
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Erica Durance
Erica Durance ( /dəˈræns/; born June 21, 1978) is a Canadian actress and producer. She has also been credited as Erica Parker. She is best known for her role as Lois Lane in the Superman-inspired American television series Smallville.
In 2012, Durance will be portraying the lead role in the new medical drama television series, Saving Hope.
Durance was born in Calgary, Alberta, and was raised in Three Hills, Alberta. After graduating from high school, Durance moved to Vancouver, British Columbia, to pursue her interest in acting professionally. "I wanted to get my feet wet in a smaller area than Los Angeles when I gave it a try," Durance has said. She continued to study acting at The Yaletown Actors Lab for many years with her husband, David Palffy. She started out with background work, graduating to commercials and then guest-starring roles, landing more substantial roles each time.
In 2004, she guest-starred on The Chris Isaak Show playing Ashley, a woman on a date with Chris. In Tru Calling, her character was a contender in a beauty pageant opposite Eliza Dushku's character. On the Sci-Fi Channel, she played an intergalactic librarian in Andromeda and a love interest for Teal'c in Stargate SG-1. She also played a sister to one of the leads in the Canadian show The Collector.
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Erin Andrews
Erin Jill Andrews (born May 4, 1978) is an American sportscaster, journalist, and television personality. As of 2011 she is a co-host of College GameDay on ESPN and a contributor for Good Morning America on the ABC network.
Andrews was born in Lewiston, Maine to Paula Andrews, a teacher, and Steven Andrews, a TV journalist. She moved to Tampa, Florida as a young girl when her father, a six-time Emmy Award-winner, began working as an investigative reporter for WFLA-TV.
Andrews attended Bloomingdale High School in Valrico, Florida, where she was a member of the cheerleading team, student government, and the National Honor Society. Following her graduation from high school in 1996, Andrews attended the University of Florida, graduating in 2000 with a Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in Telecommunications. While in college, she was a member of the Zeta Tau Alpha sorority and the Florida Gators Dazzlers dance team from 1997 to 2000. She also has a younger sister Kendra Andrews, who is a professional dancer and actor.
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Estella Warren
Estella Dawn Warren (born December 23, 1978) is a Canadian actress, former fashion model, and a former synchronized swimmer. Her swimming career includes time on the National Canadian Team including 3 national titles. Estella Warren was discovered by George Gallier in 1994 when she was just a synchronized swimmer living in Ontario, Canada. George Gallier believed in her modelling potential and brought her to New York to shoot some photo tests, it is at that time that George Gallier introduced her to fashion photographer Ellen Von Unwerth, whom immediately saw Estella's unique looks and booked her for a photo shoot for Italian Vogue. Her international modelling career and recognition worldwide was set after she shot the Cacharel fragrance campaign "Eau d'Eden" with French photographer director Jean Paul Goude, then followed the Chanel 5 campaign with director Luc Besson, all while she was managed by George Gallier the owner of American Model Management. Her work in modelling is known through publications such as Sports Illustrated as well as working for campaigns for such brands as Perry Ellis and Victoria's Secret. She is also known for her acting roles in such films as the 2001 re-adapted film Planet of the Apes as well as television roles in Law & Order and a Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.
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Ethelda Bleibtrey
Ethelda Bleibtrey (February 27, 1902 – May 6, 1978) was a swimmer from the United States notable for winning three gold medals at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp.
Bleibtrey started swimming to help recover from polio, which she caught in 1917. In 1919, she was arrested for "nude swimming" — she removed her stockings at a pool where it was forbidden to bare "the lower female extremities for public bathing."
She was born in Waterford, New York, and died in West Palm Beach, Florida.
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Eve Myles
Eve Myles (born 8 July 1978) is an award-winning Welsh actress. She is best known for portraying Gwen Cooper in the Doctor Who spin-off show Torchwood and Ceri Owen in the BBC Wales drama Belonging.
Myles was born in Ystradgynlais, south west Powys. She attended Ysgol Maes Y Dderwen, where she was in the same class as fellow actor Steve Meo. She grew up with a strong interest in boxing, although she gave up the sport after breaking her knuckles. After training as an actress and gaining a Bachelor of Arts degree in acting at the Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama in Cardiff in 2000, Myles moved to London. Filming Torchwood saw the actress relocate to the Hollywood Hills with her family, living "literally underneath the Hollywood sign". Myles has described California as the "land of dreams", and her experience filming the fourth series of Torchwood as the best year of her life, adding that she would love to spend more time there as an actress if possible.
Myles took on the central role of Ceri Owen (Née Lewis) in the BBC Wales drama Belonging. Her longest role to date, Myles played Ceri from the series' first episode through to its final series in 2008; returning for a one off special in 2009. In 2001, Myles undertook a role in the television film Score and the TV mini-series Tales from Pleasure Beach. From 2003, Myles based herself in Stratford upon Avon, initially playing Lavinia in the Royal Shakespeare Company production of Titus Andronicus, for which she received the Sunday Times Ian Charleson award in 2004. She has also played Bianca in The Taming of The Shrew and in 2005, appeared opposite Michael Gambon in Henry IV, Part I and II at the National Theatre. Myles appeared in the ITV drama Colditz in 2005.
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Fay Compton
Fay Compton (/ˈkʌmptən/; 1894–1978) was an English actress from a notable acting lineage; her father was actor/manager Edward Compton; her mother, Virginia Bateman, was a distinguished member of the profession, as were her sister, the actress Viola Compton, and her uncles and aunts. Her grandfather was the 19th century theatrical luminary Henry Compton. The novelist Compton Mackenzie was her brother.
Virginia Lilian Emmeline Compton Mackenzie was born in West Kensington, London, England. Compton made her first professional appearances between 1911 and 1913 with The Follies under the leadership of H.G. Pelissier, her future first husband, whom she married as a teenager. She made her mark in the several plays of J.M. Barrie (of Peter Pan fame) introducing him to London audiences, notably in the title role of Mary Rose in 1920. In 1926, she published reminiscences entitled Rosemary: Some remembrances.
Active in the classics as well as contemporary material, Compton had the distinction of playing Ophelia opposite two of the most celebrated Hamlets, John Barrymore and John Gielgud. In 1962 she appeared as Marya in Laurence Olivier's production of Uncle Vanya at Chichester Festival Theatre. This production was filmed.
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Forest Brothers
The Forest Brothers (also Brothers of the Forest; Forest Brethren; Forest Brotherhood; Estonian: metsavennad, Latvian: meža brāļi, Lithuanian: miško broliai) were Estonian, Latvian, and Lithuanian partisans who waged a guerrilla war against Soviet rule during the Soviet invasion and occupation of the three Baltic states during, and after, World War II. Similar anti-Soviet Eastern European resistance groups fought against Soviet and communist rule in Bulgaria, Poland, Romania, Croatia and western Ukraine.
The Red Army occupied the independent Baltic states in 1940–1941 and, after a period of German occupation, again in 1944–1945. As Stalinist repression intensified over the following years, 50,000 residents of these countries used the heavily-forested countryside as a natural refuge and base for armed anti-Soviet resistance.
Resistance units varied in size and composition, ranging from individually operating guerrillas, armed primarily for self-defense, to large and well-organized groups able to engage significant Soviet forces in battle.
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Francis Escudero
Francis Joseph "Chiz" Guevara Escudero (born October 10, 1969) is a Filipino politician who has been a member of the Philippine Senate since 2007. He previously served as a member of the Philippine House of Representatives from the 1st District Sorsogon, and as the Minority Floor Leader of the 13th Congress of the Philippines on his third and last House term.
He was secretary-general and spokesperson of the Genuine Opposition for a time and was a member of the Nationalist People's Coalition from 1998 to 2009.
Escudero was born on October 10, 1969 in Manila, Philippines, the middle child of the three children of Representative Salvador "Sonny" H. Escudero III (1st District of Sorsogon) and educator Evelina B. Guevara.
Escudero attended the University of the Philippines Integrated School for both his Elementary and Secondary Education, and graduated in 1981 and 1985 respectively. He earned his Bachelor's Degree in Political Science at the University of the Philippines in Diliman, Quezon City in 1988 and Bachelors of Laws at the University of the Philippines College of Law in 1993. He received his Masters in International and Comparative Law at the Georgetown University Law Center in Washington D. C. in 1996.
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Franck Montagny
Franck Montagny (born 5 January 1978 in Feurs, Loire) is a French motor racing driver. He briefly raced for the Super Aguri Formula One team in 2006.
Montagny started racing karts there in 1988, winning the cadet class in the French Karting Championship in 1992, and the National 1 class the following year.
He made his debut in cars in 1994, aged 16, promptly winning the French Renault Campus championship. The next two years were spent in Formula Renault, with finishes in fourth (the highest-finishing rookie that year) and sixth (despite missing half the season with multiple fractures obtained in an accident at Le Mans) respectively, before transferring up to French Formula Three in 1997 with the La Filière Martini team, debuting with another fourth place championship finish.
Montagny had a breakthrough year in Formula Three in 1998, including a pole position at the Spa-Francorchamps race ahead of much more experienced drivers including Mark Webber, Luciano Burti, Enrique Bernoldi and Peter Dumbreck. He repeated the feat in the Zandvoort Masters in Holland later that year, beating then German Formula Three champion Nick Heidfeld. He consistently outpaced long-time team-mate Sébastien Bourdais and ended the season with 10 wins from 22 races, including 12 pole positions, finishing the championship as runner-up behind David Saelens.
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Franco Pellizotti
Franco Pellizotti (born January 15, 1978 in Latisana, Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia) is an Italian professional road bicycle racer, currently riding for the Androni Giocattoli-Venezuela team.
Pellizotti is known as a climbing specialist and won Stage 10 in the 2006 Giro d'Italia, Stage 16 in the 2008 Giro d'Italia and Stage 17 in the 2009 Giro d'Italia. After finishing third overall in the 2009 Giro, he won the polka dot jersey in Paris as the best climber of the 2009 Tour de France, as well as named the Most Combative (Aggressive) Rider on Stages 9 and 17. At the start of each race, Pellizotti can be seen making the sign of the cross and kissing a crucifix around his neck.
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Frank Fontaine
Frank Fontaine (April 19, 1920 – August 4, 1978) was an American comedian and singer.
Born in Cambridge, Massachusetts, he is best known for his appearances on television shows of the 1950s and 1960s, including The Jackie Gleason Show, The Jack Benny Show, and The Tonight Show.
One of his earliest appearances was on the radio show, The Jack Benny Program. During an episode which aired on April 9, 1950, Fontaine played a bum (named "John L. C. Silvoney") who asked Benny for a dime for a cup of coffee. The smallest coin Benny had to offer was a fifty-cent piece, so he gave it to him. The story Benny told about this event became a running gag during later shows. Fontaine's goofy laugh and other voice mannerisms made a hit with the audience, and Benny brought him back for several more radio shows between 1950 and 1952. He also later appeared in several of Benny's televisions shows.
On The Jackie Gleason Show, he played the character Crazy Guggenheim during Gleason's "Joe The Bartender" skits. His trademark was a bug-eyed grin and the same silly laugh he had done on Jack Benny's radio show. At the end of his Guggenheim sketch, he would usually sing a song, demonstrating a surprisingly good singing voice. In 1963, he released the album Songs I Sing on the Jackie Gleason Show, which collected some of these songs and reached number one on Billboard magazine's Top LP's chart in 1963.
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Frank Lampard
Frank James Lampard (born 20 June 1978) is an English professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Chelsea and the England national team. He also holds the position of vice-captain for his club side. He is considered to be one of the best English footballers of his time, and is widely regarded to be one of the best midfield players of his generation. Lampard is best described as a box-to-box midfielder known for "his work-rate, range of passing and goalscoring ability."
Lampard began his career at West Ham United, for whom his father Frank Lampard, Sr. had also played. He had secured a place in the first team by the 1997–98 season, and the following year helped the team finish 5th in the Premier League, their highest-ever Premier League placing. In 2001, he moved to rival London club Chelsea for £11 million.
From his debut onwards he was ever-present in the Chelsea first team, setting a record 164 consecutive Premier League appearances. He established himself as a prolific scorer at the West London club and was a key part of the sides which won back-to-back Premier League titles in 2004–05 and 2005–06 and a domestic cup double in 2007. He signed a new contract in 2008, becoming the highest paid Premier League footballer at that time, and scored in his first Champions League Final that same year. He won the FA Cup for the second time in 2009, scoring the winning goal in the final. In the 2009–10 season, Lampard won the Premier League title and FA Cup (domestic cup double) and also had his most prolific season with Chelsea, scoring 22 league goals and 17 league assists. In the 2011-12 season, Lampard captained Chelsea to their first UEFA Champions League title.
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Gaston Julia
Gaston Maurice Julia (February 3, 1893 – March 19, 1978) was a French mathematician who devised the formula for the Julia set. His works were popularized by French mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot; the Julia and Mandelbrot fractals are closely related.
Julia was born in the Algerian town of Sidi Bel Abbes, at the time governed by the French. During his youth, he had an interest in mathematics and music. His studies were interrupted at the age of 21 years old, when France became involved with World War I and he was conscripted to serve with the army. During an attack he suffered a severe injury, losing his nose. His many operations to remedy the situation were all unsuccessful, and for the rest of his life he resigned himself to wearing a leather strap around the area where his nose had been.
Julia gained attention for his mathematical work after the war when a 199-page article he wrote was featured in the Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées, a French mathematics journal. The article, which he published during 1918 at the age of 25, titled "Mémoire sur l'itération des fonctions rationnelles" described the iteration of a rational function. The article gained immense popularity among mathematicians and the general population as a whole, and so resulted in Julia's later receiving of the Grand Prix de l'Académie des Sciences. Despite his fame, his works were mostly forgotten[citation needed] until the day Benoit Mandelbrot mentioned them in his works.
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Gene Tunney
James Joseph "Gene" Tunney (May 25, 1897 – November 7, 1978) was an American professional boxer and the World Heavyweight Champion from 1926-1928 who defeated Jack Dempsey twice, first in 1926 and then in 1927. Tunney's successful title defense against Dempsey is one of the most famous bouts in boxing history and is known as The Long Count Fight. Tunney retired as an undefeated heavyweight after his victory over Tom Heeney in 1928.
Mary Lydon from Culleen House, Gorthgarve, Kiltimagh, Ireland, emigrated to the United States after the Great Famine. She settled in New York City where she met John Tunney, also from Cill Aodain, Kiltimagh, County Mayo, Ireland. They married after a short courtship. The Tunneys had seven children; one son was killed in a homicide around 1920, another was a NYPD Detective from 1924 to 1951, dying in 1971, while Gene would become famous as a World Heavyweight Boxing Champion. Tunney fought some 68 official professional fights, losing only one, to Harry Greb, while fighting as a light heavyweight. He reported that he lost a second fight during World War I, a 10 round decision, to Tommy Loughran, as a Marine before he began his professional boxing career. Tunney was regarded as an extremely skillful boxer who excelled in defense. In addition to beating Dempsey, the most famous fighter of his era, Tunney defeated Tommy Gibbons, Georges Carpentier and many other fine boxers.
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Geoffrey Unsworth
Geoffrey Unsworth OBE, BSC (c. 1914 - 28 October 1978) was a British cinematographer who worked on nearly 90 feature films spanning over more than 40 years.
After working as a camera operator on films for Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger, Unsworth made his debut as cinematographer on the documentary feature The People's Land in 1941.
Born in Leigh, Lancashire in 1914, died in Brittany, France in 1978.
His film work brought him an impressive array of awards, including five British Society of Cinematographers awards, three BAFTAS and two Academy Awards. Unsworth was especially in demand as cinematographer in two very different genres, period pieces and science fiction. Among the highlights of his career, he collaborated with Stanley Kubrick on the visually innovative 2001: A Space Odyssey and Bob Fosse's dark musical exploration of the end of Weimar Germany, Cabaret. On a lighter film, such as Murder on the Orient Express his lighting and use of diffusion capture the danger and romance of the train while graceful integration of camera movement and optical effects contributes to the realism of the set while controlling the claustrophobia of the setting.
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George Moscone
George Richard Moscone ( /mɒsˈkoʊni/; November 24, 1929 – November 27, 1978) was an American attorney and Democratic politician. He was the 37th mayor of San Francisco, California, US from January 1976 until his assassination in November 1978. Moscone served in the California State Senate from 1967 until becoming Mayor. In the Senate, he served as Majority Leader.
Moscone was born in San Francisco, California. His father was George Joseph Moscone, a prison guard, and his mother, Lena, was a homemaker.
Moscone attended St. Brigid's, and then St. Ignatius College Preparatory, where he was an all-city basketball star. He then attended University of the Pacific. While in college, Moscone befriended John L. Burton, who would later become a member of the U.S. House of Representatives.
Moscone then studied at University of California, Hastings College of the Law, where he received his law degree. He met and married Gina Bondanza, in 1954. The Moscones would go on to have four children. After serving in the United States Navy, Moscone started private practice in 1956.
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Georgi Markov
Georgi Ivanov Markov (Bulgarian: Георги Иванов Марков) (March 1, 1929 – September 11, 1978) was a Bulgarian dissident writer.
Markov originally worked as a novelist and playwright in his native country, then governed by a communist regime under President Todor Zhivkov, but in 1969 he defected from Bulgaria. After relocating to the West, he worked as a broadcaster and journalist for the BBC World Service, the US-funded Radio Free Europe, and Germany's Deutsche Welle. Markov used such forums to conduct a campaign of criticism against the incumbent Bulgarian regime. As a result of this, it has been speculated that the Bulgarian government may have decided to silence him, and may have asked the KGB for help. He died as a result of an incident on a London street when a micro-engineered pellet containing ricin was fired into his leg via an umbrella wielded by someone associated with the Bulgarian secret police.
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Gerald Warner Brace
Gerald Warner Brace (September 24, 1901 – July 20, 1978) was an American novelist, writer, educator, sailor and boat builder. His work frequently employed settings from rural life in New England.
He was born on September 24, 1901 in Islip, Long Island, Suffolk County, New York, and died on July 20, 1978 at Blue Hill, Maine.
He was a son of Charles Loring Brace, Jr., a 1874 graduate of Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts and a graduate of Yale College class of 1876 with a degree in Civil Engineering. He was a Mugwump in politics. He was employed as Superintendent and Engineer of Construction with the Minneapolis and St. Louis Railway at Minneapolis, Minnesota. When his father died in 1890, he was invited by the trustees of the New York Children's Aid Society to take up as Secretary and Chief Executive Officer of that society.
His mother was Louise Tillman Warner, the daughter of Dr. Lewis Tillman Warner and Elizabeth Williams Gray. Elizabeth was the daughter of Elizabeth Williams Hull, a daughter of Dr. Amos Gift Hull, a well known surgeon of New York, and a sister of Dr. Amos Gerald Hull (1810–1859), an 1832 graduate of Rutgers Medical College and an influential Homeopathic Physician.
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Gerard Warren
Gerard Thurston Warren (born July 25, 1978) is an American football defensive tackle and defensive end for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the University of Florida. He was drafted by the Cleveland Browns third overall in the 2001 NFL Draft, and has also played professionally for the Denver Broncos, Oakland Raiders and New England Patriots of the NFL.
Warren was born in Lake City, Florida. He attended Union County High School in Lake Butler, Florida, where he played for the Union County Tigers high school football team. Warren finished his high school career with 36 sacks, and was ranked among the top ten defensive linemen nationally. During his four years in high school, the Union County Tigers had an overall win-loss record of 49–4 and won three consecutive Florida Class 3A state championships in 1994, 1995 and 1996. Warren was named to the Prep Stars and USA Today high school All-America teams. In 2007, ten years after he graduated from high school, the Florida High School Athletic Association (FHSAA) recognized Warren as one of the "100 Greatest Players of the First 100 Years" of Florida high school football.
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Gethin Jones
Gethin Clifford Jones (born 12 February 1978) is a Welsh television presenter who has co-presented the BBC children's programme Blue Peter. An active rugby union player when at the Manchester Metropolitan University and for a time after graduation, Jones began his television career on Welsh channel S4C as a presenter of children's programmes such as Popty, Mas Draw and the flagship children's entertainment show Uned 5 (Unit 5, 2002-05). In 2005, he became the 31st presenter of Blue Peter, the world's longest-running children's television series. On 8 April 2008 he announced he would be leaving the programme at the end of the season in June 2008.
Jones has also hosted major live telecasts of events like Mardi Gras in Cardiff and New Year Live and since 2008 has co-hosted E24, which is shown on BBC News, the BBC's 24-hour news channel. In 2007 Jones was a contestant in Series 5 of Strictly Come Dancing, partnered by professional dancer Camilla Dallerup. Together, they achieved third place.
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Gianluigi Buffon
Gianluigi "Gigi" Buffon, Ufficiale OMRI (born 28 January 1978 in Carrara, Italy), is a FIFA World Cup-winning Italian goalkeeper who currently plays for Serie A club Juventus. He is widely considered by experts to be one of the most dominant and successful goalkeepers in history. Buffon was declared by Pelé to be one of the 125 greatest living footballers in the world. He has been named the Serie A Goalkeeper of the Year a record eight times. Also, he has been named the IFFHS (International Federation of Football History & Statistics) goalkeeper of the year four times and was named goalkeeper of the 21st Century by the same organisation.
Buffon began his career with the youth system of Parma in 1991 at the age of 13. He graduated from the youth squad in 1995 and at the young age of just 17, Gianluigi made his Serie A debut for Parma in a 0–0 home draw against Milan on 19 November 1995. He went on to make 8 more first team appearances that season. In 1996, his second full season with the club, Buffon was named as the starting goalkeeper and would go on to make well over 200 appearances for his club in all competitions. In his fourth season with the club, he won the UEFA Cup. He was by this time, already considered a major prospect and in the summer of 2001, he was snatched up by Italian giants Juventus for a world-record goalkeeper's transfer fee of a reported £32.6 million, with part of the transfer fees paid via the transfer of Jonathan Bachini to Parma.
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Gig Young
Gig Young (November 4, 1913 – October 19, 1978) was an American film, stage, and television actor. Known mainly for second leads and supporting roles, Young won an Academy Award for his performance as a dance-marathon emcee in the 1969 film They Shoot Horses, Don't They?.
Born Byron Elsworth Barr in St. Cloud, Minnesota, his parents John and Emma Barr raised him and his older siblings in Washington D.C. He developed a passion for the theatre while appearing in high school plays, and after some amateur experience he applied for and received a scholarship to the acclaimed Pasadena Community Playhouse. While acting in Pancho, a south-of-the-border play by Lowell Barrington, he and the leading actor in the play, George Reeves, were spotted by a Warner Brothers talent scout. Both actors were signed to supporting player contracts with the studio. His early work was uncredited or as Byron Barr (not to be confused with another actor with the same name, Byron Barr), but after appearing in the 1942 film The Gay Sisters as a character named "Gig Young", the studio decided he should adopt this name professionally.
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Giorgio de Chirico
Giorgio de Chirico (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒordʒo deˈkiːriko]; July 10, 1888 – November 20, 1978) was a Greek-born Italian artist. In the years before World War I, he founded the scuola metafisica art movement, which profoundly influenced the surrealists. After 1919 he became interested in traditional painting techniques, and worked in a neoclassical or neo-Baroque style, while frequently revisiting the metaphysical themes of his earlier work.
He was born in Volos, Greece, to a Genovese mother and a Sicilian father. After studying art in Athens, mainly under the guidance of the influential Greek painter Georgios Roilos, and Florence, De Chirico moved to Germany in 1906 and entered the Academy of Fine Arts in Munich, where he read the writings of the philosophers Nietzsche, Arthur Schopenhauer and Otto Weininger and studied the works of Arnold Böcklin and Max Klinger.
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Giuseppe Verdi
Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (Italian pronunciation: [dʒuˈzɛppe ˈverdi]; 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian Romantic composer, mainly of opera. He was one of the most influential composers of the 19th century. His works are frequently performed in opera houses throughout the world and, transcending the boundaries of the genre, some of his themes have long since taken root in popular culture – such as "La donna è mobile" from Rigoletto, "Va, pensiero" (The Chorus of the Hebrew Slaves) from Nabucco, "Libiamo ne' lieti calici" (The Drinking Song) from La traviata and the "Grand March" from Aida.
Verdi’s masterworks dominate the standard opera repertoire a century and a half after their composition.
Verdi was born the son of Carlo Giuseppe Verdi and Luigia Uttini in Le Roncole, a village near Busseto, then in the Département Taro which was a part of the First French Empire after the annexation of the Duchy of Parma and Piacenza. The baptismal register, on 11 October lists him as being "born yesterday", but since days were often considered to begin at sunset, this could have meant either 9 or 10 October. The next day, he was baptized in the Roman Catholic Church in Latin as Joseph Fortuninus Franciscus. The day after that (Tuesday), Verdi's father took his newborn the three miles to Busseto, where the baby was recorded as Joseph Fortunin François; the clerk wrote in French. "So it happened that for the civil and temporal world Verdi was born a Frenchman."
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Golda Meir
Golda Meir (Hebrew: גּוֹלְדָּה מֵאִיר [ɡolˈda] or [ˈɡolda] [meˈʔiʁ]; earlier Golda Meyerson, born Golda Mabovich (Голда Мабович); May 3, 1898 – December 8, 1978) was a teacher, kibbutznik and politician who became the fourth Prime Minister of Israel.
Meir was elected Prime Minister of Israel on March 17, 1969, after serving as Minister of Labour and Foreign Minister. Israel's first and the world's third woman to hold such an office, she was described as the "Iron Lady" of Israeli politics years before the epithet became associated with British prime minister Margaret Thatcher. Former prime minister David Ben-Gurion used to call Meir "the best man in the government"; she was often portrayed as the "strong-willed, straight-talking, grey-bunned grandmother of the Jewish people."
In 1974, after the conclusion of the Yom Kippur War, Meir resigned as prime minister. She died in 1978.
Golda Mabovitch (Ukrainian: Ґольда Мабович) was born on May 3, 1898, in Kiev, Russian Empire, in present-day Ukraine, to Blume Neiditch (died 1951) and Moshe Mabovitch (died 1944), a carpenter. Meir wrote in her autobiography that her earliest memories were of her father boarding up the front door in response to rumors of an imminent pogrom. She had two sisters, Sheyna and Tzipke, as well as five other siblings who died in childhood. She was especially close to Sheyna.
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Greg Sestero
Greg Sestero (born July 15, 1978) is a French-American actor and model. He is best known for his role as Mark in the 2003 cult film The Room.
Sestero was born in Walnut Creek, California and grew up in Danville, California. He is of French and American descent with dual citizenships, and speaks both French and English. During his freshman year of high school, Sestero wrote a screenplay, a sequel to the 1990 film Home Alone, with a leading role for himself opposite actor Macaulay Culkin. Sestero submitted the screenplay to Hughes Productions and received a commendatory letter from the late 1980s icon John Hughes.
During his junior year of high school Sestero began modeling, working in locations such as Milan and Paris for designers such as Giorgio Armani and Gian Franco Ferre, and many others. He then returned to America to focus on acting, enrolling in the American Conservatory Theatre in San Francisco, California. Sestero eventually signed on with Hollywood agent Iris Burton, which prompted his eventual move to Los Angeles, California.
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Guido Kaczka
Guido Kaczka (born February 2, 1978), is an Argentine television show host, actor and producer. His ex-wife was the actress Florencia Bertotti until their separation in 2010. They had been together since 1999. Their first child was born on July 10, 2008.
Guido Kaczka began his acting career in 1985. He appeared in the Stage Production of "La Pandilla Adventurera". In 1987, he played "Quique" in Clave de Sol ("treble clef"). He was nine at the time.
After four years off the screen, Guido Kaczka returned, at the age of eleven, to play "Daniel" in El Arbol Azul ("The Blue Tree").
Next for Guido Kaczka was a job in Grande Pa! ("Super Dad"). At "Grande Pa!", he acted alongside Agustina Cherri for the first time. They would eventually act together again in the international hit, "Chiquititas" (Tiny Angels), then they would play a romantic couple in "Verano del '98" ("Summer of '98"), and appear in 2004's Los pensionados).
Guido Kaczka went on to have an important role in the highly successful youth-oriented soap Chiquititas, where he played Felipe Fraga (Piojo), main character Belen's brother. He appeared on the show during the entire first cycle (four seasons, from 1995 to 1998). Chiquititas was a Cris Morena creation produced by Telefe.
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Gunnar Nilsson
Gunnar Nilsson (20 November 1948 – 20 October 1978) was a Swedish racing driver, born in Helsingborg. Before entering Formula One, he won the 1975 British Formula Three Championship.
Nilsson entered 32 Formula One Grand Prix races, qualifying for all of them. He won once, at the 1977 Belgian Grand Prix. For 1978, he signed for Arrows, but was never well enough to drive the car. He did compete in three International Race of Champions (IROC) races in 1978. He had two sixth place finishes and a fifth place finish.
He died of testicular cancer in London in 1978. After his death, his mother, Elisabeth Nilsson, created the Gunnar Nilsson Cancer Foundation.
Gunnar Nilsson is buried in Pålsjö kyrkogård (cemetery) in Helsingborg, Sweden, close to his parents Arvid and Elisabeth Nilsson.
(key) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
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Guy Berryman
Guy Rupert Berryman (born 12 April 1978, in Kirkcaldy, Scotland) is a Scottish musician and producer known as the bassist for the groups Coldplay and Apparatjik. Berryman is left-handed but plays the bass right-handed.
Berryman started an engineering degree at University College London. Soon after, he dropped out of his engineering course and switched to a seven-year architecture program at The Bartlett. He dropped out of his architecture degree after one year to focus on playing bass with Coldplay. While his bandmates were still continuing their degrees, Berryman worked as a barman in a local London pub.
During the Twisted Logic Tour for the promotion of Coldplay's third album, X&Y, Berryman took candid pictures of the band with disposable cameras and threw them to the audience.
Berryman was educated at an independent school in Scotland, The Edinburgh Academy, and Kent, at Kent College Canterbury, before attending University College London. In 2004, Berryman married Joanna, his childhood sweetheart, in a low key ceremony in the City of Westminster. They have one daughter, Nico, born on 17 September 2006. In March 2007, Coldplay's spokesman confirmed that Guy and Joanna separated after three years of marriage. They are now divorced, but see each other frequently for the wellbeing of their daughter Nico.
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Harold Abrahams
Harold Maurice Abrahams, CBE, (15 December 1899 – 14 January 1978) was a British athlete of Jewish origin. He was Olympic champion in 1924 in the 100 metres sprint, a feat depicted in the 1981 movie Chariots of Fire. Abrahams converted to Catholicism in 1934, and married D'Oyly Carte mezzo-soprano Sybil Evers in 1936.
Abrahams's father Isaac had emigrated to England from Russian Poland. He worked as a financier and settled in Bedford with his Welsh wife Ester. Harold was born in Bedford, and was the younger brother of another British athlete, the Olympic long jumper Sir Sidney Abrahams. Another brother, Sir Adolphe Abrahams, became the founder of British sport medicine.
Harold was educated at Bedford School, Repton School and then at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge from 1920 to 1924, before training as a lawyer. At Cambridge, he was a member of the Cambridge University Athletics Club (of which he was president 1922–1923),Cambridge University Liberal Club the Pitt Club, and the Gilbert and Sullivan Society. Before going to Cambridge he served as a lieutenant in the British Army.
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Harry Bertoia
Harry Bertoia (b. March 10, 1915 in San Lorenzo, Pordenone, Italy. d. November 6, 1978 in Barto, Pennsylvania, United States), [1] was an Italian-born artist, sound art sculptor, and modern furniture designer.
At the age of 15 he traveled from Italy to Detroit to visit his older brother, however he chose to stay and enrolled in Cass Technical High School, where he studied art and design and learned the art of handmade jewelry making. In 1938 he attended the Art School of the Detroit Society of Arts and Crafts, now known as the College for Creative Studies. The following year in 1937 he received a scholarship to study at the Cranbrook Academy of Art where he encountered Walter Gropius, Edmund N. Bacon and Ray and Charles Eames for the first time.
Opening his own metal workshop in 1939 he taught jewelry design and metal work. Later, as the war effort made metal a rare and very expensive commodity he began to focus his efforts on jewelry making, even designing and creating wedding rings for Charles and Ray Eames and Edmund Bacon's wife Ruth. Later in 1943, he married Brigitta Valentiner, and moved to California to work for Charles and Ray at the Molded Plywood Division of the Evans Product Company. He worked for them until the war ended in September 1945.
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Harry Kewell
Harold "Harry" Kewell (born 22 September 1978) is an Australian football (soccer) player who plays as a midfielder for Melbourne Victory in the A-League. Internationally he has received 55 caps, and scored 16 goals, while playing for the Australian national team. An exceptional dribbler on the wing, also capable of playing as an attacking midfielder and as a second striker, he is often regarded within the media as "Australia's finest football export", despite his career being blighted with injury.
Kewell scored a goal against Croatia which took Australia through to the knockout stages of the 2006 World Cup, the Australian national team's second World Cup. He is a member of the Executive Committee of the Australian Professional Footballers' Association. Kewell also has a British passport through his father's heritage. Former Middlesbrough midfielder-turned pundit Robbie Mustoe named Kewell as one of the greatest players he had played against but questioned his consistency after his initial injuries. Former German international Michael Ballack has also highlighted Kewell's ability and inconsistency.
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Harry Martinson
Harry Martinson (May 6, 1904 – February 11, 1978) was a Swedish sailor, author and poet. In 1949 he was elected into the Swedish Academy. He was awarded a joint Nobel Prize in Literature in 1974 together with fellow Swede Eyvind Johnson.
He has been called "the great reformer of 20th century Swedish poetry, the most original of the writers called 'proletarian'."
Martinson was born in Jämshög, Blekinge County in south-eastern Sweden. At a young age he lost both his parents whereafter he was placed as a foster child (Kommunalbarn) in the Swedish countryside. At the age of sixteen Martinson ran away and signed onto a ship to spend the next years sailing around the world visiting countries such as Brazil and India.
A few years later lung problems forced him to set ashore in Sweden where he travelled around without a steady employment, at times living as a vagabond on country roads. In the city of Malmö, at the age of 21, he was arrested for vagrancy.
In 1929, he debuted as a poet. Together with Artur Lundkvist, Gustav Sandgren, Erik Asklund and Josef Kjellgren he authored the anthology Fem unga (Five Youths), which introduced Swedish Modernism. His poetry combined an acute eye for, and love of nature, with a deeply-felt humanism. His popular success as a novelist came with the semi-autobiographical Nässlorna blomma (Flowering Nettles) in 1935, about hardships encountered by a young boy in the countryside. It has since been translated into more than thirty languages.
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Harvey Milk
Harvey Bernard Milk (May 22, 1930 – November 27, 1978) was an American politician who became the first openly gay man to be elected to public office in California when he won a seat on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. Politics and gay activism were not his early interests; he was not open about his homosexuality and did not participate in civic matters until around the age of 40, after his experiences in the counterculture of the 1960s.
Milk moved from New York City to settle in San Francisco in 1972 amid a migration of gay men to the Castro District. He took advantage of the growing political and economic power of the neighborhood to promote his interests, and ran unsuccessfully for political office three times. His theatrical campaigns earned him increasing popularity, and Milk won a seat as a city supervisor in 1977, part of the broader social changes the city was experiencing.
Milk served almost 11 months in office and was responsible for passing a stringent gay rights ordinance for the city. On November 27, 1978, Milk and Mayor George Moscone were assassinated by Dan White, another city supervisor who had recently resigned but wanted his job back. Milk's election was made possible by and was a key component of a shift in San Francisco politics. The assassinations and the ensuing events were the result of continuing ideological conflicts in the city.
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Heath Evans
Bryan Heath Evans (born December 30, 1978 in West Palm Beach, Florida) is a former American football fullback. He was drafted by the Seattle Seahawks in the third round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He played college football at Auburn.
Evans has also played for the Miami Dolphins, New England Patriots, and New Orleans Saints.
While attending the King's Academy in West Palm Beach, Evans lettered in football and basketball. In football, he was a two-time All-State selection as a tailback.
Evans attended Auburn University. In football, he finished his three-year career with 149 rushing attempts for 626 yards (4.2 yards per rush) and six touchdowns, and 30 receptions for 354 yards (11.8 yards per reception) and a touchdown.
Evans was the first fullback taken in the 2001 NFL Draft, with the Seahawks selecting him in the third round (82nd overall). Evans spent four years in Seattle blocking for running back Shaun Alexander.
Evans signed with the Miami Dolphins in the spring of 2005. While in Miami, Evans was re-united with former Auburn tailback Ronnie Brown (with whom he was a team-mate in 2000), but was cut six weeks into the season.
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Henri Curiel
Henri Curiel (September 13, 1914 – May 4, 1978) was a left-wing political activist. Born in Egypt, Curiel led the communist Democratic Movement for National Liberation until he was expelled from the country in 1950. Settling in France, Curiel aided the Algerian Front de Libération Nationale and other national liberation causes. In 1978 Curiel was assassinated in Paris; his killer has never been identified.
Born in Cairo to a Jewish family of Italian origins, he was the cousin of Eugenio Curiel, a physicist and anti-fascist militant who was murdered in Italy in 1945. His brother Raoul Curiel was a greatly admired archeologist and numismatist, specialized in Central Asian studies. His son is the French journalist Alain Gresh. Curiel was also a cousin of the famous British KGB spy George Blake, who later said that his encounter with Curiel as a teenager (when Curiel was older and already a Communist) shaped his political views.
In 1943 Curiel founded the communist Egyptian Movement for National Liberation (HAMETU), which in 1947 became the Democratic Movement for National Liberation (HADETU). He was repeatedly arrested along with many other communists and, despite his Egyptian citizenship, forced to emigrate in 1950. He established himself in France and led a circle of Jewish communist emigres from Egypt known as the "Rome Group".
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Herbert Sutcliffe
Herbert Sutcliffe (born 24 November 1894 at Summerbridge, Nidderdale, North Yorkshire; died 22 January 1978 at Cross Hills, North Yorkshire) was an English professional cricketer who represented Yorkshire and England as an opening batsman. Apart from one match in 1945, his first-class career spanned the period between the two World Wars. His first-class debut was delayed by the First World War until 1919 and his career was effectively terminated in August 1939 when he was called up for military service in the imminent Second World War.
A right-handed batsman, Sutcliffe was noted for his concentration and determination, qualities which made him invaluable to his teams in adverse batting conditions; and he is remembered as one of the game's finest "bad wicket batsmen". His fame rests mainly in the great opening partnership he formed with Jack Hobbs for England between 1924 and 1930. He also formed notable opening partnerships at Yorkshire with Percy Holmes and, in his last few seasons, the young Len Hutton. During Sutcliffe's career, Yorkshire won the County Championship 12 times. Sutcliffe played in 54 Test matches for England and on three occasions he toured Australia, where he enjoyed outstanding success. His last tour in 1932–33 included the controversial "bodyline" series, in which Sutcliffe is perceived to have been one of Douglas Jardine's main supporters. Although close friends have stated that Sutcliffe did not approve of bodyline, he always acted out of fierce loyalty to his team captain and was committed to his team's cause. In statistical terms, Sutcliffe was one of the most successful Test batsmen ever; his completed career batting average was 60.73 which is the highest by any English batsman and the sixth-highest worldwide (i.e., of Test batsmen with 10 completed innings).
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Hillary Tuck
Hillary Tuck (born Hillary Sue Hedges on July 1, 1978 in Kerrville, Texas) is an American actress. She is best known for her co-starring roles in the NBC Saturday Morning sitcom Hang Time (1995–1996) and Disney's Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show.
She has also guest starred in such television series Roseanne, Boy Meets World, Judging Amy, House, The Closer, Bones, Ghost Whisperer, 90210 and among other series.
Tuck has also appeared in the feature films Camp Nowhere (1994) , The Great Mom Swap (1995), Life as a House (2001) and The Visitation (2006). She also played a new intern in the 2001 film How to Make a Monster.
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Hillside Strangler
The Hillside Strangler is the media epithet for two men, Kenneth Bianchi and Angelo Buono, who were convicted of kidnapping, raping, torturing, and killing girls and women ranging in age from 12 to 28 years old during a four-month period from late 1977 to early 1978. They committed their crimes in the hills above Los Angeles, California.
The first victim of the Hillside Strangler was a Hollywood prostitute, Yolanda Washington, whose body was found near the Forest Lawn Cemetery on October 18, 1977. The corpse was cleaned and faint marks were visible around the neck, wrists, and ankles where a rope had been used. It was discovered that the victim had been raped.
On November 1, 1977, police were called to a La Crescenta neighborhood, north east of downtown Los Angeles, where the body of a teenage girl was found naked, face up on a parkway in a residential area. The then homeowner covered her with a tarp to protect the neighborhood children from viewing her on their way to school. Bruises on her neck indicated strangulation. The body had been dumped, indicating she was killed elsewhere. The girl was eventually identified as Judith Lynn Miller, a runaway prostitute who was barely 15 years old. This event caused the homeowner to relocate his family out of state for their protection. The coroner's report further detailed her being bound much like the first victim, Yolanda Washington.
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Homare Sawa
Homare Sawa (澤 穂希, Sawa Homare?, born September 6, 1978 in Fuchū, Tokyo) is a Japanese football player and is the current FIFA Women's World Player of the Year. She currently plays for INAC Kobe Leonessa in the Nadeshiko League Division 1.
Long considered Japan's finest female footballer, she made her debut in L. League, Japan's highest domestic league, at age 12. On December 6, 1993, at age 15, she made her Japanese international debut, scoring four goals in her first ever match, a win against the Philippines. She has subsequently remained a fixture for the Japanese national team, participating in the last five FIFA Women's World Cups and the 1996, 2004 and 2008 Summer Olympic Games on her way to a Japanese record 173 caps, and a Japanese female-best 80 international goals, including a hat trick in a 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup group stage match against Mexico. Sawa led the Japanese national team as captain to a World Championship victory and received the Golden Boot and Golden Ball awards as the top scorer (5 goals during the 2011 World Cup) and MVP in the tournament. After a 2-2 tie in front of a sellout crowd in Frankfurt, Germany, (with 1 goal by Sawa in the 117th minute), Japan won the penalty shootout 3-1, defeating the United States to win their first ever World Cup.
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Howard Estabrook
Howard Estabrook (July 11, 1884 - July 16, 1978) was an American actor, film director and producer, and screenwriter.
Born Howard Bolles in Detroit, Michigan, Estabrook began his career in 1904 as a stage actor in New York. He made his film debut in 1914 during the silent era, and would go on to appear in several features including Four Feathers. Estabrook left films in 1916 for a try at the business world, but returned in 1921.
Estabrook took on executive positions with various studios, and eventually began producing films in 1924. He soon found his calling in screenwriting. He was responsible for several of what have come to be regarded as classics of Hollywood including Hell's Angels (1930) and Street of Chance (1930), for which he was nominated for an Academy Award. The following year, he won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay for Cimarron, starring Richard Dix and Irene Dunne. In 1935, he (along with Hugh Walpole and Lenore J. Coffee) adapted the Charles Dickens novel David Copperfield for the 1935 film version starring W. C. Fields and Lionel Barrymore.
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Hubert Humphrey
Hubert Horatio Humphrey, Jr. (May 27, 1911 – January 13, 1978), served under President Lyndon B. Johnson as the 38th Vice President of the United States.
Humphrey twice served as a United States Senator from Minnesota, and served as Democratic Majority Whip. He was a founder of the Minnesota Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party and Americans for Democratic Action. He also served as Mayor of Minneapolis, Minnesota from 1945 to 1949. Humphrey was the nominee of the Democratic Party in the 1968 presidential election but lost to the Republican nominee, Richard Nixon.
Humphrey was born in a room over his father's drugstore in Wallace, South Dakota. He was the son of Hubert Humphrey, Sr. (1882–1949) and Ragnild Kristine Sannes (1883–1973), a Norwegian immigrant. Humphrey spent most of his youth in Doland, South Dakota, on the Dakota prairie; the town's population was about 700 people when he lived there. His father was a pharmacist who served as mayor and a town-council member. In the late 1920s a severe economic downturn hit Doland; both of the town's banks closed and Humphrey's father struggled to keep his drugstore open.
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Hugh MacDiarmid
Hugh MacDiarmid is the pen name of Christopher Murray Grieve (11 August 1892, Langholm – 9 September 1978, Edinburgh), a significant Scottish poet of the 20th century. He was instrumental in creating a Scottish version of modernism and was a leading light in the Scottish Renaissance of the 20th century. Unusually for a first generation modernist, he was a communist; unusually for a communist, however, he was a committed Scottish nationalist. He wrote both in English and in literary Scots (often referred to as Lallans).
After leaving school in 1910, MacDiarmid worked as a journalist for five years. He then served in the Royal Army Medical Corps during the First World War. After the war, he married and returned to journalism. His first book, Annals of the Five Senses (1923) was a mixture of prose and poetry in English, but he then turned to Scots for a series of books, culminating in what is probably his best known work, the book-length A Drunk Man Looks at the Thistle. This poem is widely regarded as one of the most important long poems in 20th century Scottish literature. After that, he published several books containing poems in both English and Scots.
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Hussein of Jordan
Hussein bin Talal (Arabic: حسين بن طلال, Ḥusayn bin Ṭalāl; 14 November 1935 – 7 February 1999) was King of Jordan from the abdication of his father, King Talal, in 1952, until his death. Hussein's rule extended through the Cold War and four decades of Arab-Israeli conflict. He recognized Israel in 1994, becoming the second Arab head of state to do so.
Hussein claimed to be a descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his relations with the ancient Hashemite family.
Hussein was born in Amman on 14 November 1935 to Talal bin Abdullah and Princess Zein al-Sharaf bint Jamil. After completing his elementary education in Amman, he was educated at Victoria College in Alexandria. He proceeded to Harrow School in England, where he befriended his cousin Faisal II of Iraq. He pursued further study at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst.
On 20 July 1951, Prince Hussein traveled to Jerusalem to perform Friday prayers at the Al-Aqsa Mosque with his grandfather, King Abdullah I, where an assassin opened fire on Abdullah and his grandson. Abdullah was killed, but the 15-year-old Hussein survived the assassination attempt, and according to the Jordanian government, pursued the gunman. The Jordanian government claims that the gunman turned his weapon on the young prince, who was saved when the bullet was deflected by a medal on his uniform which had been given to him by his grandfather.
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Ian Botham
Sir Ian Terence Botham OBE (born 24 November 1955) is a former England Test cricketer and Test team captain, and current cricket commentator. He was a genuine all-rounder with 14 centuries and 383 wickets in Test cricket, and remains well-known by his nickname "Beefy". While a controversial player both on and off the field at times, Botham also held a number of Test cricket records, and still holds the record for the highest number of wickets taken by an England bowler.
He is generally regarded as being England's greatest ever all-rounder, particularly in Test cricket, although having earned celebrity status, his award of a knighthood was ostensibly in recognition of his services to charity.
Just like fellow cricketers Jim Cumbes and Arnold Sidebottom, Botham was also a talented footballer, and made 11 appearances in the Football League.
On 8 August 2009, Botham was inducted into the ICC Cricket Hall of Fame.
Botham was born in Heswall on the Wirral, to Herbert Leslie Botham (who worked for Westland) and Violet Marie, née Collett (a nurse). Both his parents played cricket. He went to Milford Junior School in Yeovil, Somerset, where his "love affair" with sport began, and played for Somerset Under-15s. He left Bucklers Mead Comprehensive School at the age of 15 without completing his GCSEs, intent on playing cricket for Somerset, although he also had an offer to play football for Crystal Palace F.C. From an early age he was always single-minded. When informed that Botham wanted to be a sportsman, the Careers Mistress at his school said to him, "Fine, everyone wants to play sport, but what are you really going to do?" (interviewed BBC Radio 4's Fiona Glover, 20 November 2010, Saturday Live).
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Ian Edmond
Ian Edmond (born 2 June 1978) is a former British breaststroke swimmer.
Edmond was the silver medallist at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships in the 200 m breaststroke. In the same year he was champion in the same event at the European SC Championships.
At the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens he represented Great Britain in the men's 200 m breaststroke where he reached the semi-final, but was disqualified during his swim. He also represented Scotland at the 1998 and 2002 Commonwealth Games.
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Ian Smith
Ian Douglas Smith GCLM ID (8 April 1919 – 20 November 2007) was a politician active in the government of Southern Rhodesia, the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, Rhodesia, Zimbabwe Rhodesia and Zimbabwe from 1948 to 1987, most notably serving as Prime Minister of Rhodesia from 13 April 1964 to 1 June 1979. Born and raised in Selukwe (now Shurugwi), a small rural town in the British self-governing colony of Southern Rhodesia, Smith served in the Southern Rhodesian Air Force and British Royal Air Force during the Second World War and, after graduating from Rhodes University in South Africa, bought a farm in his home town in 1948. At the same time, he was elected as Selukwe's representative in the legislative assembly, running for the Southern Rhodesia Liberal Party; in doing so he became Southern Rhodesia's youngest ever member of parliament.
Smith supported the creation of the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland in 1953, and won the Midlands federal constituency for the United Federal Party (UFP) in that year's inaugural federal election; following his election at federal level he resigned the territorial Selukwe seat. He served as the UFP's Chief Whip in the Federal Assembly from 1958 to 1962 before resigning to help form the pro-independence Rhodesia Reform Party, which shortly merged with the Dominion Party to form the Rhodesian Front (RF). After the RF's victory in the 1962 Southern Rhodesian general election Smith became Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of the Treasury under Prime Minister Winston Field.
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Ian Somerhalder
Ian Joseph Somerhalder (born December 8, 1978) is an American actor and model, best known for playing Boone Carlyle in the TV drama Lost and Damon Salvatore in the TV drama The Vampire Diaries.
Somerhalder was born and raised in Covington, Louisiana, the son of Edna, a massage therapist, and Robert Somerhalder, an independent building contractor. Raised Catholic, he attended St. Paul's, a private Catholic school in Covington. He embarked on a modeling career from age 10 to 13, and by the age of 17 he decided to go into acting.
In the summer of 2000, Somerhalder starred in the short-lived WB series Young Americans, a spin-off of Dawson's Creek. He played Hamilton Fleming, the son of the dean of a prestigious boarding school. In 2002, Somerhalder played bisexual character Paul Denton in Roger Avary's adaptation of Bret Easton Ellis' novel, The Rules of Attraction, alongside James Van Der Beek, Shannyn Sossamon, and Jessica Biel.
In 2004, Somerhalder scored his breakthrough role when he played Boone Carlyle in the hit TV show Lost. Despite his character's death in the twentieth episode of the first season, Somerhalder returned to the role of Boone for seven more episodes between 2005 and 2010, including the series finale. Somerhalder was the first actor to be cast in a role for the series and the first character to die.
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Ibolya Oláh
Ibolya Oláh (born 31 January 1978 in Nyíregyháza, Hungary) is a Hungarian singer. She was the runner-up of the first series of Hungarian Pop Idol, Megasztár.
Oláh is of Romani ancestry. She was born in Nyíregyháza and grew up in an orphanage in Tiszadob where she studied vegetable gardening. She briefly attended a music school in Budapest but did not finish it, she learned to sing and to play the guitar mostly by herself. After a few unsuccessful entries at talent contests she entered the talent show Megasztár (in its first season during 2003/04) and came second after Vera Tóth. Her debut album, released in 2004, reached #1 on the Hungarian album chart and stayed on the chart for 41 weeks. Her second album, released in the following year, was #2 and her third album #4.
Her main influences are Linda Perry, Alanis Morissette, Pink, Ildikó Keresztes, Guns N' Roses, Rolling Stones, Aerosmith and Queen.
In November 2011 she came out as a lesbian.
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Ilka Chase
Ilka Chase (April 8, 1900 - February 15, 1978) was an American actress and novelist.
Born in New York City and educated at convent and boarding schools in the United States, England, and France, she was the only child of Edna Woolman Chase, the editor in chief of Vogue magazine, and her first husband, Francis Dane Chase.
Chase made her society debut in 1923 and her Broadway debut a year later, in The Red Falcon. Her stage appearances included roles in Days Without End, Forsaking All Others, While Parents Sleep, On to Fortune, Tampico, Co-Respondent Unknown, Revenge With Music, Keep Off the Grass and In Bed We Cry, which was an adaptation of her novel of the same name. She was in the first Broadway cast of Clare Boothe Luce's play The Women (1938) and subsequently appeared in Neil Simon's Broadway hit Barefoot in the Park.
Her films included Fast and Loose, Once a Sinner, The Animal Kingdom, The Big Knife, and Now, Voyager. For several years, she was host of a radio program, Luncheon at the Waldorf.
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Indira Gandhi
Indira Priyadarshini Gandhi (Hindi: इंदिरा प्रियदर्शिनी गांधी Indirā Priyadarśinī Gāndhī listen (help·info), née Nehru; 19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian politician who served as the third Prime Minister of India for three consecutive terms (1966–77) and a fourth term (1980–84). Gandhi was the second female head of government in the world after Sirimavo Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka, and she remains as the world's second longest serving female Prime Minister as of 2012. She was the first woman to become prime minister in India.
Gandhi was the only child of Jawaharlal Nehru, the first prime minister of independent India. She adhered to the quasi-socialist policies of industrial development that had been begun by her father. Gandhi established closer relations with the Soviet Union, depending on that nation for support in India’s long-standing conflict with Pakistan. She was also the only Indian Prime Minister to have declared a state of emergency in order to 'rule by decree' and the only Indian Prime Minister to have been imprisoned after holding that office. She was assassinated by her Sikh bodyguards in retaliation for ordering Operation Blue Star.
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Jack Oakie
Jack Oakie (November 12, 1903 – January 23, 1978) was an American actor, starring mostly in films, but also working on stage, radio and television.
Oakie was born as Lewis Delaney Offield in Sedalia, Missouri. He grew up in Muskogee, Oklahoma, the source of his "Oakie" nickname. His adopted first name, Jack, was the name of the first character he played on stage.
Oakie worked as a runner on Wall Street, New York, and narrowly escaped being killed in the Wall Street bombing of 16 September 1920. While in New York, he also started appearing in amateur theatre as a mimic and a comedian, finally making his professional debut on Broadway in 1923 as a chorus boy in a production of Little Nellie Kelly by George M. Cohan.
Oakie worked in various musicals and comedies on Broadway from 1923 to 1927, when he moved to Hollywood to work in movies at the end of the silent film era. Oakie appeared in five silent films during 1927 and 1928. As the age of the "talkies" began, he signed with Paramount Pictures, making his first talking film, The Dummy, in 1929.
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Jack Warner
Jack Leonard "J. L." Warner (August 2, 1892 – September 9, 1978), born Jacob Warner in London, Ontario, was a Canadian American film executive who was the president and driving force behind the Warner Bros. Studios in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. Warner’s career spanned some forty-five years, its duration surpassing that of any other of the seminal Hollywood studio moguls.
As co-head of production at Warner Bros. Studios, he worked with his brother, Sam Warner, to procure the technology for the film industry's first talking picture. After Sam's death, Jack clashed with his surviving older brothers, Harry and Albert Warner. He assumed exclusive control of the film production company in the 1950s, when he secretly purchased his brothers' shares in the business after convincing them to participate in a joint sale of stocks.
Although Warner was feared by many of his employees and inspired ridicule with his uneven attempts at humor, he earned respect for his shrewd instincts and toughmindedness. He recruited many of Warner Bros.'s top stars and promoted the hard-edged social dramas for which the studio became known. Given to decisiveness, Warner once commented, "If I'm right fifty-one percent of the time, I'm ahead of the game."
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Jack Woolgar
Jack Woolgar (15 September 1913 - 14 July 1978) was a British character actor working in television and film in the 1960s and 1970s.
He began acting towards the end of the Second World War and turned professional shortly afterwards, working in repertory theatre and touring around the UK. He transitioned to live TV in Granada during the 1950s whilst at the Theatre Royal Huddersfield.
Woolgar was often cast as a dirty old tramp. Due to lifelong chest problems, he was able to produce a bubbling hacking cough at will, and appeared as the coal miner father in Stand Up, Nigel Barton, an autobiographical play by Dennis Potter. In addition he had parts in an episode of The Avengers ("The Living Dead"), The Lion the Witch & the Wardrobe, The Sweeney ("Jigsaw") and Doctor Who (The Web of Fear). He also appeared as Sam Carne in the soap opera Crossroads.
He was married to the RADA trained actress Elizabeth Mann (13 July 1920 – 18 Feb 1980) and had four children.
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Jacob Wetterling
Jacob Erwin Wetterling (born February 17, 1978 - ?) is a boy from St. Joseph, Minnesota who was kidnapped from his hometown at the age of 11 on Sunday, October 22, 1989. His fate remains unknown.
Jacob, his brother, and a friend were cycling home from a convenience store on October 22nd 1989 when a masked gunman came out of a driveway and ordered the boys to throw their bikes into a ditch and lie down on the ground. He then asked each boy his age. Jacob's brother and friend were told to run toward a nearby wooded area and not look back or else he would shoot them. After a short run, both boys did look back and saw the gunman grab Jacob by the elbow and walk him away. The whereabouts of Jacob and the identity of the gunman remain unknown.
The investigation into Jacob's abduction continues. In 2004, some new reports appeared in the local press. A long-held belief that the abductor got away in a car was abandoned. It was also revealed that ten months prior to the Wetterling abduction another boy had been kidnapped, placed into a car, and sexually assaulted before being released. The modus operandi was similar to that in the Wetterling case: the man used a gun and upon releasing the boy told him to run and not look back or else he would be shot. That incident occurred ten miles from the location where Jacob, his brother, and friend were stopped.
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Jacqueline Saburido
Jacqueline "Jacqui" Saburido (born December 20, 1978) is a Venezuelan burn victim who advocates against drunk driving.
The only child of Rosalia and Amadeo Saburido, she lived in Caracas, Venezuela for all of her childhood. Living with her father after her parents divorced, she began studying engineering in the hope of taking over the family air conditioning business. She moved to Texas to study English language at the University of Texas at Austin.
On September 19, 1999, Saburido attended a birthday party near Austin, Texas. She and her friends, Laura Guerrero, Johan Daal and Johanna Gil, decided to head home after a few hours, and accepted a ride home from a classmate, Natalia Chpytchak-Bennett. At the same time, Reginald Stephey, an 18-year-old high school student, was on his way home after drinking beers with his friends at a party. On the outskirts of Austin, Stephey's 1996 GMC Yukon veered into Chpytchak-Bennett's 1990 Oldsmobile Ninety-Eight Regency.
Guerrero and Chpytchak-Bennett were killed instantly, while Gil and Daal suffered minor injuries. The car caught fire, and Saburido's feet were trapped under the seat, preventing her from escaping. Two paramedics, John McIntosh and Bryan Fitzpatrick, happened to be driving past when Stephey flagged them down. The flames were leaping several feet up into the air as they arrived. McIntosh put out the fire with his extinguisher and the two men set about removing everyone from the vehicle. However, Saburido was still trapped, and the fire restarted, forcing McIntosh and Fitzpatrick back. Saburido was inside the car for another 45 seconds until a fire truck arrived to put out the fire. Saburido was then cut from the car and airlifted to the burn unit in Galveston.
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Jacques Bergier
Jacques Bergier (born Yakov Mikhailovich Berger (Russian: Яков Михайлович Бéргер)) (Odessa, August 8, 1912 - Paris, November 23, 1978), was a chemical engineer, member of the French-resistance, spy, journalist and writer. He co-wrote the best-seller The Morning of the Magicians with Louis Pauwels of fantastic realism.
Yakov Mikhailovich Berger, who later adopted the name Jacques Bergier, was born in Odessa in 1912. Mikhail Berger, his father, was a Jewish wholesale grocer and his mother, Etlia Krzeminiecka, was a former revolutionary. A granduncle of his was a miraculous rabbi and in his autobiography, Je ne suis pas une légende , Bergier says he was a cousin of nuclear physicist George Gamow and of a certain Anatoly, a member of the firing squad that shot Tsar Nicholas II.
He was a gifted child: at two he read his first newspaper and at four he could easily read Russian, French and Hebrew. He was a speed reader (until the end of his life he could read 4 to 10 books per day) and had an eidetic memory. He was a vivacious child, and he told fabulous sounding stories of discussing strategy with generals as well as talking with street prostitutes in Odessa. He never went to school but had private tutors.
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Jacques Brel
Jacques Brel (French pronunciation: [ʒak bʁɛl]; 8 April 1929 – 9 October 1978) was a Belgian singer-songwriter who composed and performed literate, thoughtful, and theatrical songs that generated a large, devoted following in France initially, and later throughout the world. He was widely considered a master of the modern chanson. Although he recorded most of his songs in French, he became a major influence on English-speaking songwriters and performers such as David Bowie, Leonard Cohen, and Rod McKuen. English translations of his songs were recorded by many top performers in the United States, including Ray Charles, Judy Collins, John Denver, the Kingston Trio, Nina Simone, Frank Sinatra, Scott Walker, and Andy Williams. In French-speaking countries, Brel was also a successful actor, appearing in ten films. He also directed two films, one of which, Le Far West, was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival in 1973. Jacques Brel has sold over 25 million records worldwide, and is the third best-selling Belgian recording artist of all time.
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Jacques Brugnon
Jacques "Toto" Brugnon (May 11, 1895 – March 20, 1978) was a French tennis player, one of the famous "Four Musketeers" from France who dominated tennis in the late 1920s and early 1930s.
He was born in Paris and died in Paris.
He was primarily a doubles specialist who won 10 Grand Slam doubles titles in the French, American, Australian and British championships. He was also a fine singles player but never won a major title.
The Four Musketeers were inducted simultaneously into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, in 1976.
Australian Championships
French Championships
Wimbledon
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James Corden
James Kimberley Corden (born 22 August 1978) is an English actor, television writer, producer and presenter. He is co-creator and star of BBC comedy shows Gavin & Stacey and Horne & Corden, and acted in the 2009 film Lesbian Vampire Killers. He attracted attention for his performance in the lead role in the award-winning comedy play One Man, Two Guvnors, which transferred from the National Theater to the West End and then to Broadway.
Corden was born to Malcolm and Margaret Corden in Hillingdon, Greater London, and grew up in Hazlemere, Buckinghamshire. He has an older sister, Andrea Henry, and a younger sister, Ruth Corden.
Corden obtained his first part at eighteen years old in the musical Martin Guerre. He then starred in the British television series Fat Friends as Jamie Rymer, and played Gareth Jones in the series Boyz Unlimited. His television work includes a credited minor role as Razor #1 in Renford Rejects (Series 1 Episode 2, 1998), a role playing a bookish student in Teachers (Series 1, 2000) and he also made a guest appearance in Little Britain. Corden's film credits include Whatever Happened to Harold Smith? (1999) and Mike Leigh's All or Nothing (2002).
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James Franco
James Edward Franco (born April 19, 1978) is an American actor. His first prominent role was a lead part on the short-lived cult hit television program Freaks and Geeks; he later achieved recognition for playing the titular character in the TV biographical film James Dean (2001), for which he was awarded a Golden Globe Award. He achieved international fame with his portrayals of Harry Osborn in Sam Raimi's Spider-Man trilogy.
Franco has won or been nominated for a number of awards. He has done both dramatic and comedic work in projects and has appeared in an eclectic range of films since the 2000s, ranging from period to contemporary pieces, and from major Hollywood productions to less publicized indie films, as well as fantasy films to biopics and soap operas. Other notable films include Pineapple Express, a 2008 stoner comedy that earned him his second Golden Globes nomination; the 2008 Harvey Milk-biopic Milk; and Danny Boyle's 2010 drama film 127 Hours, about real-life mountain climber Aron Ralston's struggle to free his hand from a boulder. His performance in 127 Hours earned him nominations for many high-profile awards, including the Academy Awards, Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards. In 2011, he starred opposite Andy Serkis in Rupert Wyatt's successful science fiction film Rise of the Planet of the Apes, a reboot of the Planet of the Apes franchise. Since 2009, he has played a recurring role in the ABC daytime soap opera General Hospital.
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Jamie Carragher
James Lee Duncan "Jamie" Carragher (born 28 January 1978) is an English footballer of Irish descent, who plays as a defender for Premier League side Liverpool. He is the current vice-captain and is one of the club's longest-serving players; he made his 666th appearance for Liverpool in all competitions on 9 May 2011, thus placing him second on the club's all time appearance list.
Carragher started his career with the Liverpool youth team. He made his professional debut in the 1996–97 season and became a first team regular the following season. He gained his first senior honours in 2001, winning a cup treble of the FA Cup, League Cup and UEFA Cup. Having initially played as a full back, the arrival of manager Rafael Benítez in 2004 saw Carragher move to the centre back position and that season he won his greatest honour to date—the UEFA Champions League. In the next season, he won the FA Cup and was selected in the PFA Team of the Year. Carragher set a record for the most appearances in European competition for Liverpool in 2007.
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Jason Bay
Jason Raymond Bay (born September 20, 1978, in Trail, British Columbia) is a Canadian professional baseball outfielder who currently plays for the New York Mets of Major League Baseball. Bay has previously played for the San Diego Padres, Pittsburgh Pirates, and Boston Red Sox.
Bay experienced success as a player very early, playing on a Trail team that reached the 1990 Little League World Series. In 1999, he played for the Chatham Athletics in the Cape Cod Baseball League. Bay attended Gonzaga University.
Bay was drafted by the Montreal Expos in the 22nd round of the 2000 Major League Baseball Draft and was assigned to the Expos' Short-Season A team in Burlington, Vermont, the Vermont Expos. In 2001, Bay was assigned to the Expos’ High Single-A team in Jupiter. He began the year slowly, and in May he was moved to Clinton of the Midwest League. Bay reached base in his first 26 games, then went on to bat .362 and win the league batting title. In all, he batted .315 with 14 home runs and 75 runs batted in on the year.
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Jason Biggs
Jason Matthew Biggs (born May 12, 1978) is an American actor best known for his role as Jim Levenstein in the American Pie series of teen comedy films.
Biggs was born in Pompton Plains, New Jersey, the son of Angela, a nurse, and Gary Biggs, a shipping company manager. He grew up in nearby Hasbrouck Heights and attended Hasbrouck Heights High School there. Biggs had success in athletics while in high school, both in tennis and in wrestling.
Biggs is Italian American and Roman Catholic; he has mentioned in interviews that he is sometimes cast as an explicitly or implicitly Jewish character, as he was in American Pie (other examples include his roles in Saving Silverman and Anything Else), though he is not Jewish himself.
In January 2008, he became engaged to his My Best Friend's Girl co-star, actress Jenny Mollen; they married on April 23, 2008. He currently resides in Los Angeles, California.
Biggs began acting at the age of five. In 1991, he made his television debut in the short lived Fox network series Drexell's Class. He also made a one-off HBO special, The Fotis Sevastakis Story, but due to licencing arguments, it was never aired. That same year, Biggs debuted on Broadway in Conversations with My Father, which helped pave the way for him to participate in the daytime soap opera, As the World Turns. He was nominated for the award of Best Younger Actor at the daytime Emmy Awards for his role.
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Jason Ellison
Jason Jerome Ellison (born April 4, 1978 in Quincy, California) is a Major League Baseball outfielder who is currently a free agent. He attended Lewis-Clark State in Lewiston, Idaho, and made his major league debut on May 9, 2003.
Ellison has become one of the more recognizable bench players in the major leagues because of how frequently he was brought in to pinch run for Barry Bonds. In 2005, Ellison played center field for all games until the trading deadline, when the Giants acquired Randy Winn and Ellison lost his starting job.
Ellison was drafted by the San Francisco Giants in the 22nd round of the First 2000 Major League Baseball Draft. He began his professional career with rookie-league Salem-Keizer Volcanoes where he led the Northwest League in runs with 67, while ranking third in hits with 90 and tying for seventh with .300 batting average. He led Volcanoes in games with 74 played, at-bats with 300, runs, hits, doubles with 15 and stolen bases with 13. He earned Salem-Keizer's Player of Month honors in his first month in pro ball, snagging the June award.
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Jean Acker
Jean Acker (October 23, 1893 – August 16, 1978) was an American film actress with a career dating from the silent film era through the 1950s. She was perhaps best known as the estranged wife of silent film star Rudolph Valentino.
Acker was born Harriet Acker in Trenton, New Jersey where she attended school. She performed in vaudeville until she moved to California in 1919. After arriving in Hollywood, Acker became the protegee and lover of Alla Nazimova, a film actress whose clout and contacts enabled Acker to negotiate a $200 per week contract with a movie studio. Acker appeared in numerous films during the 1910s and 1920s, but by the early 1930s she began appearing in small, mostly uncredited film roles. She made her last onscreen appearance in the 1955 film How to Be Very, Very Popular, opposite Betty Grable.
After meeting and befriending the then-struggling actor Rudolph Valentino at a party, they entered a two-month courtship and married on November 6, 1919. Acker quickly had regrets and locked him out of their hotel bedroom on their wedding night. The marriage was reportedly never consummated.
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Jeanne Cherhal
Jeanne Cherhal (born 28 February 1978 in Nantes) is a French singer-songwriter.
After spending her younger years in Erbray near Châteaubriant, Cherhal studied philosophy before moving to Paris. She started her singing career playing piano – solo, or accompanied by her guitarist Éric Löhrer in small concert venues. At the time she sported long, plaîtted hair. After a six-title CD (edited by Madame Suzie), she released an album entitled "Jeanne Cherhal" with the independent label Tôt ou tard.
Little by little, her renown increased. At the beginning she sang Georges Moustaki, Jacques Higelin, Thomas Fersen and Emir Kusturica; she was invited on by the group les Têtes Raides, sang as a double act with Vincent Delerm and sometimes as a trio with d'Albin de La Simone. She also performed in a series of concerts with Matthieu Bouchet, which culminated in the production of the CD-booklet [en même temps...] (produced in a limited edition of 1500 copies).
Cherhal's second album Douze fois par an (Twelve times a year), released in 2004; was a huge success. Along with this she received not only recognition from the music world, but also from a large and ever-increasing fan base.
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Jehad Muntasser
Jehad Abdussalam Muntasser (Arabic: جهاد المنتصر) (born 26 July 1978) is a Libyan football midfielder who, as of the 2006/2007 season plays for Treviso.
Muntasser started his career at Italian side Pro Sesto, before being signed by English Premier League side Arsenal in 1997. He made one brief appearance for Arsenal's first team, coming on as an extra time substitute in the 119th minute of a League Cup match against Birmingham City on October 14, 1997. He was sold to Bristol City in January 1998 but was released by them on a free transfer in the summer of 1999 without playing a first-team game.
After his release he returned to Italy and has since played for a string of Serie C and Serie B clubs - Viterbese (1999-2000), Catania (2000–01), L'Aquila (2001–02), Triestina (2002–04), Perugia (2004–05) - before joining newly-promoted Serie A side Treviso in 2005. Treviso however were relegated on their first season back at the top, and started the 2006-07 season back in Serie B. He was released on free transfer by his club on January 2007, and later signed for a Qatar club, Al-Wakra Sports Club, in January 2008 Jehad Signed 6 Month for Al Ittihad of Libya.
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Jelena Karleuša
Jelena Karleuša Tošić (Serbian: Јелена Карлеуша Тошић; born 17 August 1978), professionally known under her maiden name Jelena Karleuša and initials JK, is a Serbian pop singer, fashion designer and former columnist.She is one of the most popular pop singers in Southeastern an Central Europe. She rose to fame with her debut turbo-folk album Ogledalce (1995), and has since been a popular Serbian female singer. She is married to football player Duško Tošić, with whom she has two daughters.
Jelena Karleuša was born on 17 August 1978 to Serbian father Dragan, a senior police officer, and a Slovene mother Divna. She was born and raised in Fontana, Novi Beograd, Belgrade (Yugoslavia then, Serbia now), but did not finish her schooling. In 2004, Karleuša married Bojan Karić, the son of Serbian businessman Sreten Karić. They divorced after two months.
In 2008, Karleuša married Serbian football player Duško Tošić, who currently plays for Red Star Belgrade. On 7 September 2008, she gave birth to their first daughter, Atina, named after Greek goddess Athena. Their second daughter, Nika, was born on 7 September 2009, and named after Greek goddess of victory Nika.
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Jennifer Rosales
Jennifer Rosales (born 17 September 1978) is a Filipino professional golfer who plays on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour.
Rosales was born in Manila, Philippines. She won the Philippine Ladies Amateur Golf Championship five times in a row from 1994 to 1998. She played her collegiate golf at the University of Southern California winning the 1998 NCAA Championship as a freshman in 1998. as well as the Golf World/Palmetto Dunes Collegiate Invitational. She was named First-Team All-American for 1998-1999.
Rosales gained exempt status for the 2000 LPGA Tour Season by finishing tied for seventh at the LPGA Final Qualifying Tournament. She became the first golfer from the Philippines to win on the LPGA Tour when she won the 2004 Chick-fil-A Charity Championship. She gained her second win at the first official tournament of the 2005 season, the SBS Open in Turtle Bay, Hawaii.
In 2005 she teamed up with Dorothy Delasin to represent the Philippines in the inaugural Women's World Cup of Golf where they finished second. She played with Ana Larraneta in the 2006 Women's World Cup of Golf. She also was part of Team Asia at the 2005 and 2006 Lexus Cup. Rosales and Delasin were teamed representing the Philippines again in the 2008 Women's World Cup of Golf, winning the tournament by two strokes over the team from Korea. On January 20, 2008, Jennifer Rosales and Dorothy Delasin of Team Philippines won the 4th Women's World Cup of Golf in Sun City, South Africa, with 4 birdies in the last 4 holes. The duo had a final round of 7-under-par 65 in the best ball, for a 54-hole aggregate of 18-under-par 198. For 2012, Jennifer failed to retain her exempt status on the LPGA Tour and has been playing in some Ladies Asian Golf Tour events.
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Jenny Frost
Jennifer "Jenny" Frost (born 22 February 1978) is an English singer, dancer, television presenter and model. She was a member of girl group Precious before replacing Kerry Katona in chart topping band Atomic Kitten from 2001. Frost presented makeunder show Snog Marry Avoid? from 2008 to 2011. In 2011 she co-presented OK! TV. Frost will be touring with Atomic Kitten in 2012.
Frost was born in Wallasey, Merseyside and raised in Manchester. She loved music from an early age. Her earliest concert experience was when her father took her to a Level 42 concert at the age of nine. Sport and dancing were Frost's favourite activities, however modelling was her dream. After attending St Monica's High School she started to work for the BBC Television doing the Holiday programme and travelling around the world.
Frost started her musical career in 1998 in the group Precious, which became famous as the UK entry at the Eurovision Song Contest 1999, with the song "Say It Again". The song was a top 10 hit in the UK Singles Chart and came twelfth in the contest itself. Subsequent releases by Precious enjoyed only modest success, and their debut album failed to chart at all, ultimately leading the group to go their separate ways in 2001. Frost moved on by replacing Kerry Katona in Atomic Kitten in 2001. After the release of their third studio album, Atomic Kitten split in 2004 although reformed a year later in 2005 and again in 2008. On 4 March 2012 it was confirmed that Atomic Kitten would reform.
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Jens Otto Krag
Jens Otto Krag (Danish pronunciation: [jɛns ʌto ˈkʁɑːʊ̯ˀ]) (September 15, 1914 – June 22, 1978) was a Danish politician. He was Prime Minister from 1962 to 1968 and again from 1971 to 1972.
Krag was born in Randers, Denmark. He joined the Danish Social Democratic Party youth organization in 1930 and rose through the ranks of the party. In the 1930s he moved to Copenhagen and studied economics at the University of Copenhagen while remaining very active in the party.
During World War II, he was Danish supply director and advisor to the labor unions on economic matters. He was elected to Parliament (Folketinget) in 1947 and became Commerce Minister. He supported the strengthening of the Danish military and Danish membership of NATO in 1949.
In 1950 Krag resigned from Parliament partially due to a conflict with Vilhelm Buhl and H. C. Hansen and, in order to become more fluent in the English language and see more of the world, requested a position at the Danish embassy in the United States. He received the position, and was in America until 1953 when he was re-elected to parliament and became a minister without portfolio. He was minister of the new department of foreign economic affairs from 1953 until 1958 and Foreign Minister from 1958 until 1962.
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Jensen Ackles
Jensen Ross Ackles (born March 1, 1978) is an American actor and director. He is known for his roles in television as Eric Brady in Days of our Lives, which earned him several Daytime Emmy Award nominations, as well as Alec/X5-494 in Dark Angel and Jason Teague in Smallville. Ackles currently stars as Dean Winchester on the CW series Supernatural.
Ackles was born in Dallas, Texas, the son of Donna Joan (née Shaffer) and Alan Roger Ackles, an actor. Ackles has a brother, Joshua, who is three years older, and sister, Mackenzie, who is seven years younger. He is of English, Irish and Scottish ancestry. He had planned to study sports medicine at Texas Tech University and become a physical therapist but instead moved to Los Angeles to start his acting career.
After modelling on and off since the age of 4, Ackles began to concentrate on an acting career in 1996. He appeared in several guest roles on Mr. Rhodes, Sweet Valley High, and Cybill before joining the cast of the NBC soap opera Days of our Lives as Eric Brady in 1997. He won a 1998 Soap Opera Digest Award for Best Male Newcomer and went on to be nominated three times (in 1998, 1999, and 2000) for a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Younger Actor in a Drama Series for his work on Days of our Lives.
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Jerome McDougle
Jerome McDougle (born December 15, 1978 in Pompano Beach, Florida) is an American football defensive end who is currently a free agent. He was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles 15th overall in the 2003 NFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Miami.
McDougle has also played for the New York Giants and Philadelphia Eagles. He is the younger brother of NFL offensive lineman Stockar McDougle.
McDougle was a standout defensive player at the University of Miami. Among his collegiate accomplishments, he helped lead the University of Miami to its 12-0 national championship season in 2001.
Following his college career, McDougle was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the 2003 NFL Draft with the 15th overall selection in the draft's first round. The Eagles traded up 15 spots to obtain McDougle, making him the first University of Miami player to be drafted by the Eagles since Jerome Brown, whose promising NFL career was cut short by a fatal 1992 car accident.
With the Eagles, McDougle was plagued by injuries in the 2003 and 2004 seasons. In the final 2003 pre-season game, he sustained ankle, knee and hip injuries during a game against the New York Jets, forcing him to miss eight games of the 2003 season.
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Jesse Metcalfe
Jesse Eden Metcalfe (born December 9, 1978) is an American actor. He is notable for his portrayal of John Rowland on Desperate Housewives, Miguel Lopez-Fitzgerald on Passions, and as the title character in the movie John Tucker Must Die.
Metcalfe was born in Carmel Valley, California, the son of Nancy (née DeMaio) and Jeff Metcalfe. His father is of French and Italian descent and his mother is of Italian and Portuguese descent. Metcalfe played in several basketball leagues during his teen years in Waterford, Connecticut and graduated from The Williams School in New London, Connecticut.
After successfully auditioning for the NBC soap opera Passions, he played Miguel Lopez-Fitzgerald, one of five siblings, from the show's debut in July 1999 to July 2004, and November 2004 to January 2005, co-starring with actress Molly Stanton, creating one of Daytime's favorite couple, Charity & Miguel. The pair departed onscreen together in what is referred to a "classic daytime cliffhanger" in July 2004 but Metcafe was soon brought back to the series for a short-stint later that year.
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Jim Jones
Reverend James Warren "Jim" Jones (May 13, 1931 – November 18, 1978) was the founder and leader of the Peoples Temple, which is best known for the November 18, 1978 mass suicide of 909 Temple members in Jonestown, Guyana along with the killings of five other people at a nearby airstrip. Over 200 children were murdered at Jonestown, almost all of whom were forcibly made to ingest cyanide by the elite Temple members.
Jones was born in Indiana and started the Temple in that state in the 1950s. Jones and the Temple later moved to California, and both gained notoriety with the move of the Temple's headquarters to San Francisco in the mid-1970s.
The incident in Guyana ranks among the largest mass suicides in history, though most likely it involved forced suicide and/or murder, and was the single greatest loss of American civilian life in a non-natural disaster until the events of September 11, 2001. Among the dead was Leo Ryan, who remains the only Congressman assassinated in the line of duty as a Congressman in the history of the United States.
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Jimmy Carter
James Earl "Jimmy" Carter, Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States (1977–1981) and was the recipient of the 2002 Nobel Peace Prize, the only U.S. President to have received the Prize after leaving office. Before he became President, Carter served as a U.S. Naval officer, was a peanut farmer, served two terms as a Georgia State Senator and one as Governor of Georgia (1971–1975).
During Carter's term as President, two new cabinet-level departments were created: the Department of Energy and the Department of Education. He established a national energy policy that included conservation, price control, and new technology. In foreign affairs, Carter pursued the Camp David Accords, the Panama Canal Treaties, the second round of Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT II), and returned the Panama Canal Zone to Panama. Throughout his career, Carter strongly emphasized human rights. He took office during a period of international stagflation, which persisted throughout his term. The end of his presidential tenure was marked by the 1979–1981 Iran hostage crisis, the 1979 energy crisis, the Three Mile Island nuclear accident, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan (at the end of 1979), 1980 Summer Olympics boycott by the United States of the Moscow Olympics and the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens.
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Jodie Kidd
Jodie Kidd (born (1978-09-25)25 September 1978 in Guildford) is an English television personality and fashion model.
Jodie was a showjumper as a child and attended St Michael's School,[disambiguation needed]Petworth.
Jodie is the granddaughter from Hon. Janet Gladys Aitken's (1908–1988) third marriage (1942) to Major Thomas Dealtry Kidd.
Jodie's mother, Wendy Madeleine Kidd (née Hodge), is the daughter of Sir John Rowland Hodge, 2nd Baronet[better source needed] and runs the Holders Festival on Barbados.
Jodie's father is British businessman and former showjumper John Edward Aitken Kidd, a maternal grandson of the first Lord Beaverbrook.
Jodie has an elder sister, Jemma Kidd (b. 1974), who married Arthur Gerald Wellesley, Earl of Mornington, grandson of the Duke of Wellington, in June 2005.
She has a brother, the polo player Jack Kidd (b. 1973), who is married and has several children.
Kidd was 15 when she was discovered by photographer Terry O'Neil on a beach in Barbados. Her modelling career began when he introduced her to model agent Laraine Ashton. When Kidd began modelling at 16 there was an uproar – accusations were made that promotion of her slender figure encouraged teenage girls to become anorexic when they tried to mimic her looks. Her skeletal figure led to accusations, because she is tall 188 cm (6'2") and at the time her weight was a mere 48 kg (105 lbs) and her BMI = 13.6 – so her first nickname was "the locust model". Kidd has admitted to being “a bag of bones” in her early modelling career but has strongly denied that she was anorexic, blaming her skinny physique on a bout of glandular fever. Kidd modelled with the leading models from Capellino to Chanel, Ernesto Esposito to Fendissime, Gai Mattiolo to Ghost, Lagerfeld to Malhas, Monsoon to Motorola and also featured in campaigns for Chloé 'Innocence' perfume and Yves Saint Laurent. She also appeared on the cover of Elle magazine in Australia, Italy, Portugal, Singapore, Sweden and the United States.
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Jodie Marsh
Jodie Marsh (born 23 December 1978) is an English media personality, bodybuilder and glamour model. She has appeared topless in some tabloid newspapers and has appeared (clothed) in her own reality show, Totally Jodie Marsh.
Jodie Louise Marsh's parents are John and Kristina and she was born in Brentwood, Essex. Her father runs a building contractors company, and she was educated at the independent Brentwood School. She has a brother, Jordan. She first came to prominence in the reality TV programme Essex Wives in 2002.[citation needed]
At the beginning of her career, Marsh often posed for magazines such as FHM, Loaded, Nuts and Zoo.[citation needed]
Marsh was a page 3 girl for The Sun on six occasions.[dead link] She also appeared in photo shoots for the newspapers The Daily Sport, Daily Star and News of the World.[citation needed]
In June 2009, Marsh appeared on the cover of Zoo, In November 2010, she appeared on a special edition double cover for the magazine.
In April 2011, Marsh completed another photoshoot for the same magazine; she appeared on the cover of the magazine for a special 3-D edition of the weekly.
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Joe Absolom
Joseph Absolom (born 16 December 1978 in Lewisham,London) is an English actor best known for playing Matthew Rose in the popular BBC soap opera EastEnders and Al Large in Doc Martin.
Absalom, a former pupil of Forest Hill School, made early appearances in the Sun-Pat peanut butter advertisements before making his acting debut with the 1991 film Antonia and Jane which was followed by roles in several television series such as The Bill, Dangerfield and Silent Witness.
He joined the BBC soap opera EastEnders in 1997 and the storyline which gained him recognition was the Saskia Duncan murder storyline in 1999 when his character Matthew Rose was framed for the murder by the real culprit Steve Owen (played by Martin Kemp). His character's last appearance was aired in February 2000, and he won the Best Actor Award at the British Soap Awards. On several occasions, there has been press speculation that Absolom will return to EastEnders, but he has insisted that he has no intention of ever returning to the show.
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Joe Davis
Joe Davis, OBE (born 15 April 1901 in Whitwell, Derbyshire, England; died 10 July 1978 in Hampshire) was a British professional player of snooker and English billiards.
Joe Davis became a professional billiards player at the age of 18, having won the Chesterfield Championship at age 13. In 1926 he reached his first World Professional Billiards Championship final but was unsuccessful against defending champion Tom Newman. He reached the final again the following year and was runner-up again to the same opponent. It was to be a case of third time lucky for Davis when he defeated Newman in 1928 to become the world champion at English billiards for the first time. He would defend his title for the next three years – against Newman again in 1929 and 1930 and New Zealander Clark McConachy in 1932. He contested the final two more times in 1933 and 1934 losing on both occasions to Australian Walter Lindrum.
Coinciding with his peak as a billiards player, Davis's interests shifted to snooker and he helped to organise the first snooker world championship in 1927 and won the tournament by beating Tom Dennis, for which he won UK£6 10s. He went on to win the world championship every year until 1940. Joe's brother Fred, twelve years his junior, was also a snooker player and multiple World Champion. When Joe met Fred in the world championship final of 1940, Joe won 37–36.
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Joe Dougherty
Joseph "Joe" Tapley Dougherty (November 4, 1898 - April 19, 1978) was an American voice actor who provided the original voice of the Warner Brothers animation character, Porky Pig, starting with the character's debut in I Haven't Got a Hat in 1935 until Porky's Romance in 1937. After that, Mel Blanc took over the role and voiced Porky for 52 years. Dougherty spoke with a stutter which became one of the character's trademarks; Dougherty's inability to control his stutter was a factor in the part being recast.
Dougherty was born in Missouri and died in Los Angeles, California.
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Joey Harrington
John Joseph "Joey" Harrington, Jr. (born October 21, 1978) is a former American football quarterback. He was drafted by the Detroit Lions third overall in the 2002 NFL Draft, where he played for most of his professional career. He ranks third all-time in Detroit history in pass completions, with 986. He played college football at the University of Oregon.
Harrington also played briefly for the Miami Dolphins, Atlanta Falcons, and New Orleans Saints.
Harrington was born and raised in Portland, Oregon, where he has resided his entire life. He graduated from Central Catholic High School in Portland, and finished his high school career with more than 4,200 yards and 50 TDs rushing and passing.
His grandfather and father played quarterback for the universities of Portland and Oregon, respectively, and upon hearing of Joey's birth, legendary Oregon Ducks' coach Len Casanova jokingly sent his parents a letter-of-intent.[citation needed]
Harrington is a graduate of the University of Oregon, and was a three year starter on the Oregon Ducks football team. In his senior season at Oregon, he threw for 2,415 yards and 23 touchdowns, and he finished his college career with a 25-3 record (including bowl wins against 12th-ranked Texas and 3rd-ranked Colorado), 512 completions in 928 attempts (55.2%), 6911 passing yards, 59 touchdowns, 23 interceptions, and 210 rushing yards and 18 scores on 145 carries. A Business Administration major with a 3.23 GPA (twice earning honors with a 3.34 GPA), Harrington's 7,121 yards of total offense rank third in University of Oregon history.
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John Cazale
John Holland Cazale (/kəˈzeɪl/; Italian pronunciation: [kaˈdzaːle]; August 12, 1935 – March 12, 1978) was an American film and theater actor. During his six-year film career he appeared in five films, each of which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture: The Godfather, The Conversation, The Godfather Part II, Dog Day Afternoon and The Deer Hunter. He is the only actor to have this multi-film distinction.
From his start as an acclaimed theater actor he became one of Hollywood's premiere character actors, starting with Coppola's The Godfather in which he played Fredo Corleone, the weak link in the Corleone crime family. "Cazale broke hearts on screen with portrayals of volatile, vulnerable, vacillating men, including Pacino's tragic bank-robbing partner in Dog Day Afternoon," writes David Germain of the Associated Press. He is described as an actor "whose intense face is known to just about any serious cinema fan but whose name often escapes them." In his final film, The Deer Hunter, he chose to continue acting despite being diagnosed with terminal lung cancer, and died in New York City on March 12, 1978, shortly after completing his role. He was 42 years old.
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John Doeg
John Thomas Godfray Hope Doeg (December 7, 1908 in Guaymas, Sonora, Mexico – April 27, 1978) was a male tennis player from the United States.
He has won one major tournament: the U.S. Championships in 1930.
In 1962, he was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.
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John Smit
John William Smit (born 3 April 1978 in Pietersburg, South Africa) is the 50th captain of the South African national rugby union team, the Springboks, and currently playing professionally in England with Saracens. He has played most of his career as a hooker, but played twice for the Springboks off the bench as a prop prior to the South Africa coaching staff's decision to use him as a tighthead prop for the 2008 end of year Tests. On 22 November 2008, he surpassed prop Os du Randt as the most-capped forward in Springboks history. He retired from international rugby following the 2011 Rugby World Cup as the most-capped player in South African history, with 111 appearances.
While still active at club level, Smit was inducted into the IRB Hall of Fame on 24 October 2011, alongside all other Rugby World Cup-winning captains and head coaches from the tournament's inception in 1987 through 2007 (minus the previously inducted John Eales).
Smit went to Pretoria Boys High School where he was head prefect in 1996 and played in the First XV from 1994 to 1996.[citation needed]
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John Tartaglia
John Nicholas Tartaglia (born February 16, 1978) is an American singer, actor, dancer, and puppeteer.
Tartaglia was born in Maple Shade, New Jersey, U.S.. He joined Sesame Street's puppetry team at the age of 16 part-time, performing as a right hand and many minor characters, including Phoebe and being the understudy for Kevin Clash's Elmo. He performed Ernie for the second season of Play with Me Sesame and Oscar the Grouch for Sesame Street 4D. He became a full time part of Sesame Street at the age of 16.
Tartaglia created and puppeteered the roles of Princeton (the recent college grad) and Rod (the closeted Republican investment banker) in the Tony Award-winning Broadway musical Avenue Q, which opened July 31, 2003. For the roles, he was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Leading Actor in a Musical in 2004. He left the cast on January 30, 2005.
Tartaglia appeared in 2004 at the 14th annual Broadway Bares, which was a great success raising $525,000 to benefit Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS.
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John Wayne Gacy
John Wayne Gacy, Jr. (March 17, 1942 – May 10, 1994) was an American serial killer and rapist who sexually assaulted and murdered at least 33 teenage boys and young men between 1972 and 1978. Gacy buried 26 of his victims in the crawl space of his home, buried three others elsewhere on his property, and discarded the remains of his last four known victims in a nearby river. He was convicted of 33 murders and sentenced to death for 12 of these killings. He was executed in May 1994.
Gacy later became known as the "Killer Clown" due to his charitable services at fundraising events, parades and children's parties where he would dress as "Pogo the Clown", a character he devised himself.
John Wayne Gacy was born in Chicago, Illinois, the second of three children born to John Stanley Gacy (June 20, 1900 – December 25, 1969) and Marion Elaine Robinson (May 4, 1908 – December 14, 1989). Gacy was of Polish and Danish heritage. (His paternal grandparents had been born in Poland.) As a child, he was both overweight and nonathletic. He was close to his two sisters and mother, but endured a difficult relationship with his father, an alcoholic who was physically abusive toward both his wife and children.
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Jomo Kenyatta
Jomo Kenyatta[pron.] (1894 – 22 August 1978) served as the first Prime Minister (1963–1964) and President (1964–1978) of Kenya. He is considered the founding father of the Kenyan nation.
In Kenya, Nairobi's Jomo Kenyatta International Airport, Kenyatta International Conference Centre, Nairobi's main street and main streets in many Kenyan cities and towns, numerous schools, two Universities (Kenyatta University and Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology), the country's main referral hospital, markets, and housing estates are named after him. A statue in downtown Nairobi and monuments all over Kenya stand in his honor. Kenya observed a public holiday every 20 October in his honor until the new 2010 constitution abolished Kenyatta Day and replaced it with Mashujaa (Heroes') day. Kenyatta's face adorns Kenyan currency notes and coins of all denominations, but this is expected to change as the new constitution bans the use of the portrait of any person on Kenya's currency.
Jomo Kenyatta was born Kamau wa Ngengi to parents Ngengi wa Muigai and Wambui in the village of Gatundu, in British East Africa (now Kenya), a member of the Kikuyu. His date of birth, sometime in the early-to-mid 1890s, is unclear, and was unclear even to him, as his parents were almost certainly not literate, and no formal birth records of native Africans were kept in Kenya at that time. His father died while Kamau was very young after which, as per custom, he was adopted by his uncle Ngengi, who also inherited his mother, to become Kamau wa Ngengi. When his mother died during childbirth, young Kamau moved from Ng'enda to Muthiga to live with his medicine man grandfather Kũngũ wa Magana, to whom he became very close.
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Jon Vickers
Jonathan Stewart Vickers, CC (born October 29, 1926), known professionally as Jon Vickers, is a retired Canadian heldentenor.
Born in Prince Albert, Saskatchewan, he was the sixth in a family of eight children. In 1950, he was awarded a scholarship to study opera at The Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto. In 1957 Vickers joined London’s Royal Opera House, Covent Garden company. In 1960 he joined the Metropolitan Opera. He became world famous for a wide range of German, French and Italian roles. Vickers' huge, powerful voice and solid technique met the demands of many French, German and Italian roles. He was also highly regarded for his powerful stage presence and thoughtful characterizations.
In 1968 he was made a Companion of the Order of Canada.
Vickers studied with George Lambert at The Royal Conservatory of Music and sang professionally in Canada from the early- to mid-1950s. His international career began with his 1957 Covent Garden Riccardo in Verdi's Ballo in maschera. He continued to appear there into the 1980s, putting his personal stamp on the roles of Aeneas in Les Troyens, Radames in Aida, Don Carlos, Handel's Samson, Florestan in Fidelio, Tristan in Tristan und Isolde, Canio in Pagliacci, and the title role in Britten's Peter Grimes. Some critics praised Vickers' Tristan as the best since Lauritz Melchior's.[citation needed]
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Jonestown
Jonestown was the informal name for the Peoples Temple Agricultural Project, an intentional community in northwestern Guyana formed by the Peoples Temple led by Jim Jones. It became internationally notorious when, on November 18, 1978, 918 people died in the settlement as well as in a nearby airstrip and in Georgetown, Guyana's capital. The name of the settlement became synonymous with the incidents at those locations.
A total of 909 Temple members died in Jonestown, all but two from apparent cyanide poisoning, in an event termed "revolutionary suicide" by Jones and some members on an audio tape of the event and in prior discussions. This includes over 200 murdered children. The poisonings in Jonestown followed the murder of five others by Temple members at a nearby Port Kaituma airstrip. The victims included United States Congressman Leo Ryan. Four other Temple members died in Georgetown at Jones's command.
To the extent the actions in Jonestown were viewed as a mass murder, it was the largest such event in modern history and resulted in the largest single loss of American civilian life in a non-natural disaster until the events of September 11, 2001.
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Jordhy Ledesma
Jordhy Ledesma is an award winning Dominican poet, mathematician, chess player and businessman born in San Cristobal, Dominican Republic in 1978. He's represented San Cristobal in the First Dominican Biennial of Short-story Telling and the Dominican Republic in The Second Encounter of International Poets in the Poet's Land (Costa Rica).
He has written over 800 poems in the poetry collections "Poemas Escritos por un Toro", "Grecia Yolanda", "Toros de la Dignidad", "Immortal", "Caliginofobia", "Constelacion" and "Amor, Pasion y Vida". The body of his work features mainly narrative and theatrical poetry.
Owner of the firm Information Providers and various online properties, he works as a businessman and Web producer. In this respect, the Word Summit Award (the Internet award sponsored by the World Summit on the Information Society) nominated Ledesma as best e-Government producer for his work at siv.gov.do in 2005.
According to the OEI (Organización de Estados Iberoamericanos) he has been involved in the Iberoamerican Math Olympiads as contestant, judge and delegation chief several times. He also participated in the training of more than 200 Dominicans in preparation of the Ibero-American Mathematical Olympiad.
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Jorge Andrade
Jorge Manuel Almeida Gomes de Andrade, OIH (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʒɔɾʒ(ɨ) ɐ̃ˈdɾad(ɨ)]; born 9 April 1978) is a Portuguese retired footballer who played as a central defender.
After playing two years with Porto, he went on to represent Deportivo de La Coruña (which would be his main club - nearly 175 official appearances in five seasons) and Juventus, appearing rarely for the latter due to injury.
Andrade gained more than 50 caps for Portugal, representing the nation in one World Cup and one European Championship, and helping it finish second in Euro 2004.
Born in Lisbon, Andrade made his professional debuts with hometown club C.F. Estrela da Amadora in 1997, helping it to two consecutive eighth first division places. He immediately caught the eye, and after that was on the move north, to F.C. Porto, being the club's most-used player in the 2001–02 UEFA Champions League, playing 12 times as the team reached the second group phase in the competition.
After Portugal’s unsuccessful 2002 World Cup campaign, Andrade was snapped up by Spain's Deportivo de La Coruña, in a move that cost the Galicians €12 million with the possibility of being increased to €13M (goalkeeper Nuno Espírito Santo was also part of the deal, for €3M). He appeared in only 11 La Liga games in his debut season, barred by César Martín and Moroccan Noureddine Naybet, but was an undisputed first-choice (when healthy) in the following years.
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Joseph Colombo
Joseph Anthony "Joe" Colombo, Sr. (December 14, 1914 – May 22, 1978) was the boss of the Colombo crime family, one of the "Five Families" of the Cosa Nostra in New York.
Joseph Colombo, Sr. was born into an Italian American family. His father, Anthony Colombo, was an early member of Cosa Nostra who in 1938 was found strangled in a car with his mistress. Joe Colombo attended New Utrecht High School in Brooklyn for two years, then dropped out to join the U.S. Coast Guard. In 1945, he was diagnosed with neurosis and discharged from the service. His legitimate jobs included ten years as a longshoreman and six years as a salesman for a meat company. His final job was that of a real estate salesman.
Colombo owned a modest home in Bay Ridge, Brooklyn and a five-acre estate in Blooming Grove, New York. Joseph Colombo's five children include sons Christopher Colombo, Joseph Colombo Jr., and Anthony Colombo.
Colombo became a top enforcer in what was originally the Profaci crime family and soon became a capo.
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Josette Day
Josette Day (July 31, 1914 - June 27, 1978) was a French film actress.
Born in Paris, she began her career as an actress in 1919 at the age of five. Day was married in 1941 to famous French studio head Marcel Pagnol, whom she met in January 1939.
In 1946, she played her best-known role, alongside Jean Marais, as Belle in director Jean Cocteau's famous take on the classic French fairytale Beauty and the Beast.
Despite numerous parts in famous French films, Day ended her career as an actress in 1950 when only 36 years old. Divorced from Pagnol by then, she retired to marry a wealthy businessman.
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Josh Hartnett
Joshua Daniel "Josh" Hartnett (born July 21, 1978) is an American actor and producer. He first came to audiences' attention in 1997 as "Michael Fitzgerald" in the television series Cracker. He made his feature film debut in 1998, co-starring with Jamie Lee Curtis in Halloween H20: 20 Years Later for Miramax. That same year, he received an MTV Movie Award nomination for Best Breakthrough Male Performance. Hartnett gained fame for his role as Captain Danny Walker in Pearl Harbor, and has starred since then for a variety of well-known directors such as Ridley Scott, Brian De Palma, Robert Rodriguez, Tran Anh Hung, Roland Joffé and Michael Bay.
Hartnett was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota, and was raised by his father, Daniel Hartnett, a building manager, and his stepmother, Molly, an artist. He has three younger half-siblings. He is of mainly Irish ancestry and was raised Roman Catholic, attending Nativity of Our Lord Catholic Grade School, where he played Adam Apple in an eighth grade production of "Krazy Kamp". He later attended Cretin-Derham Hall High School before switching to South High School in Minneapolis, Minnesota, from which he graduated in June 1996.
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Josh Heupel
Josh Heupel, (born March 22, 1978), is a former American college football player who was a quarterback for the University of Oklahoma. During his college football playing career, he was recognized as a consensus All-American, won numerous awards, and led Oklahoma to the 2000 national championship. Heupel became a coach after his playing career ended, and he is currently co-offensive coordinator for Oklahoma.
Heupel was raised, and played high school football, in Aberdeen, South Dakota. He is married.
His sister, Andrea Heupel, is married to Democratic U.S. politician Dan Boren.
Heupel began his collegiate playing career at Weber State University in Ogden, Utah. He redshirted in 1996 and saw action in four games as a freshman in 1997, but he suffered an ACL injury during spring practice in 1998, pushing him down the team's depth chart. He transferred to Snow College in Ephraim, Utah, where he beat out Fred Salanoa as the team's starting quarterback. Heupel passed for 2,308 yards and 28 touchdowns, despite sharing playing time with Salanoa. He held a scholarship offer from Utah State University, but committed to Oklahoma after meeting with Mike Leach, the Sooners' new offensive coordinator.
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Joshua Jackson
Joshua Carter Jackson (born June 11, 1978) is a Canadian American actor. He has appeared in primetime television and in over 32 film roles. He is best known for playing Charlie Conway in The Mighty Ducks film series, Pacey Witter on Dawson's Creek and Peter Bishop in the Fringe TV series.
Jackson was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, the son of Fiona Jackson, a casting director, and John Carter. Jackson's father is from Texas and his mother is a native of Ballyfermot, Dublin, Ireland, having emigrated to North America in the late 1960s. He was raised Catholic. He has a sister, Aisleagh, and two half-brothers, Lyman and Jonathan Carter from his father's first marriage. Jackson grew up in California until the age of 8. Not long after his sister was born in California, his parents divorced and Jackson, his mother and sister then moved to Seattle, where he attended Einstein Middle School in Shoreline, Washington. Shortly thereafter, he moved back to Vancouver with his mother and younger sister. He attended Ideal Mini School and later switched to Kitsilano Secondary School. In an interview with The New York Times, Jackson said he was kicked out of high school once because of The Jon Stewart Show: "[The show] played, at least where I grew up, at 1:30 in the morning, so I would stay up at night to watch Jon Stewart, but then I'd be too tired—or too lazy—to go to school in the morning. So I'd just take the first couple of classes off, 'cause I wanted to be fresh when I got there." He claims that the first time was because of "attitude" problems and that he "wasn't in the school spirit".
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Josie Maran
Johanna Selhorst "Josie" Maran (born May 8, 1978) is an American model, actress, and entrepreneur.
Maran was born in Menlo Park, California. She is of Russian Jewish descent on her paternal side. Maran attended Castilleja School, an all-girls' school in Palo Alto, California from grades 6 to 12.
While she was still in high school, Maran was approached by a woman who asked her for a modeling performance[clarification needed] in San Francisco, and a scouting agent encouraged her to pursue modeling professionally.[citation needed] Her first cover was Glamour in 1998. In 1990, an appendectomy left Maran with a noticeable scar that is typically edited out of photos.
Signed at age 17 with the Elite modeling agency of Los Angeles, Maran appeared on her first cover with Glamour magazine in 1998; she was then the featured Guess? Girl in their summer 1998 and fall 1998 campaigns. After building a résumé of over 25 commercials and advertisements, including playing Howie D's companion in the music video of Backstreet Boys hit Everybody (Backstreet's Back), in which she was bitten on the neck by Count Dracula (played by Howie D), Maran moved cross-country to join with Elite in New York City. In 1999, she landed a multi-year deal with Maybelline. Maran appeared in the annual Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue for two consecutive years; from 2001 to 2002. Maran is also signed with London agency Storm Model Management, and 1/One Management in New York City.
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Judith Barsi
Judith Eva Barsi (June 6, 1978 – July 25, 1988) was a Hungarian American child actress. She was small in stature and often played characters younger than her actual age. After years of physical and mental abuse, Barsi and her mother were shot and killed by her father, József, in a murder–suicide.
Barsi was born and raised in Los Angeles, California, and was the daughter of Hungarian immigrants József and Maria Barsi. Maria Barsi soon began grooming her daughter to become an actress.
At the age of five, Barsi was discovered at a skating rink. She went on to appear in more than 70 commercials and guest-starring roles on television. She also appeared in several films, including Jaws: The Revenge, and provided the voice for the character of Ducky in The Land Before Time (1988). As she was short for her age (she stood 3 ft 8 in (1.12 m) at age 10), Barsi began receiving hormone injections at UCLA to encourage her growth.
By the time she entered fourth grade, she was earning an estimated $100,000 a year, which helped her buy the family a three-bedroom house in the West Hills section of Los Angeles.
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Jukka Nevalainen
Jukka Antero "Julius" Nevalainen (born 21 April 1978, Kitee, Finland) is the drummer in the Finnish symphonic metal band Nightwish and the Finnish progressive metal band Sethian.
He spent his early years in the city of Kitee. His drumming career started at the age of eleven when his music teacher at school told him that a new educational program for music was opening, and he thought Jukka would fit in well as a drummer. He lacked a suitable place to practice so he made do at his home. His first band was "The Highway" but he joined his first real band at the age of 15-16. The band had a rehearsal place, but was restricted to practice only a couple of days a week. After he left that band, he joined up with Erno "Emppu" Vuorinen and they got a permanent practice place.
At the age of 17, Emppu had already been contacted by the songwriter and keyboard-player Tuomas Holopainen. Tuomas wanted to start an acoustic mood music project that would later become Nightwish and they needed a drummer, at which point Emppu suggested Jukka to Tuomas.
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Julia Jentsch
Julia Jentsch (born February 20, 1978) is a Silver Bear, two-time European Film Award, and Lola winning German actress. She is best known as the title character in Sophie Scholl – The Final Days, Jule in The Edukators and, Liza in I Served the King of England.
Jentsch was born to a family of lawyers in Berlin and began her acting education there at Hochschule Ernst Busch, a university for drama. Her first prominent screen role was in the 2004 cult film The Edukators, starring opposite Daniel Brühl.
Jentsch garnered further attention playing the title role in the 2005 film Sophie Scholl – The Final Days, which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. In an interview, Jentsch said that the role was "an honor". For her role as Sophie Scholl she won the best actress at the European Film Awards, best actress at the German Film Awards (Lolas), along with the Silver Bear for best actress at the Berlin Film Festival.
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Jun Fukuyama
Jun Fukuyama (福山 潤, Fukuyama Jun?, born November 26, 1978) is a Japanese voice actor. He was previously represented by Aoni Production and Production Baobab, and is now represented by AXLONE. In 2007, he won the first Seiyu Awards for the best actor in leading role as Lelouch Lamperouge in Code Geass. He was on the cover of October 2008, issue #28 of the Japanese magazine Voice Newtype.
Leading roles in bold.
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Justin Guarini
Justin Guarini (born Justin Eldrin Bell; October 28, 1978) is an American singer/songwriter and actor who rose to fame in 2002 as the first runner-up on the debut season of the television show American Idol.
Guarini was born in Columbus, Georgia. His father, Eldrin Bell, is African American, and is a former Atlanta, Georgia, Chief of Police, and current Chairperson of Clayton County Commission (Georgia). His mother, Kathy Pepino Guarini, is Italian American, and was a journalist for WTVM TV in Columbus, and later for CNN. Guarini was raised by his mother and stepfather, physicist Jerry Guarini, in Philadelphia's suburb of Doylestown, Pennsylvania.
Guarini's musical experience started at the age of four when he was accepted by the Atlanta Boy Choir. After moving to Pennsylvania in 1985, he joined the Archdiocese of Philadelphia Boys Choir. Throughout his school years Guarini sang in school choirs, and from 1996-2000 was the lead soloist in an award winning a cappella group named The Midnight Voices. The group released an independent album in 1999 with proceeds benefiting a music scholarship fund at Guarini's alma mater, Central Bucks High School East in Doylestown, Pennsylvania. He was a director/performer at the Riverside Haunted Woods in Bridgeton, Pennsylvania in 2001.
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Jyothika
Jyothika (Jyothika Sadanah, born on 18 October 1978) is an Indian actress who predominantly appeared in Tamil films. She also acted in a few Kannada, Malayalam, Telugu and Hindi films. She gained critical acclaim for her performances in Kushi, Perazhagan, Chandramukhi and Mozhi, winning one Filmfare and three Tamil Nadu State Film Awards. She was one of the most successful actresses in the Tamil film industry of her time. She is also a recipient of the Kalaimamani award.
Jyothika was born to Chander Sadanah, a film producer, and Seema Sadanah, in Mumbai, India. Actress Nagma is her half sister. She completed her schooling in Learner's Academy, Mumbai. She later majored in Psychology at the Mithibai College in Mumbai.[citation needed] She also has a sister Roshini (born Radhika) and a brother Suraj, who is working as an assistant director for Priyadarshan.
After several years of being engaged, Jyothika married actor Suriya on 11 September 2006, with whom she was paired in seven films; Poovellam Kettuppar, Uyirile Kalanthathu, Kaakha Kaakha, Perazhagan, Maayavi, June R and Sillunu Oru Kaadhal. The couple have two children, daughter Diya (born 10 August 2007) and son Dev (born 7 June 2010).
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Jérôme Rothen
Jérôme Renée Marcel Rothen (French pronunciation: [ʒeʁom roten]) born 31 March 1978 of Châtenay-Malabry) is a French footballer who plays as a winger for SC Bastia.
Rothen has won 13 caps for the French national team. He represented his country at the 2004 European Football Championship and won the FIFA Confederations Cup with France in 2003. In club competition, Rothen won the Coupe de France once and the Coupe de la Ligue twice with Paris Saint-Germain. He also won the Coupe de la Ligue with Monaco. Rothen is a skilled winger who specialises in free kicks, crossing and passing.
Rothen underwent training at the famous Clairefontaine National Football Academy in France.
He started his career with SM Caen.
He then played for Troyes AC under Alain Perrin.
He was brought to AS Monaco on 1 January 2002 for €5 million. Rothen was one of the stars of the Monaco side that reached the 2004 final of the Champions League, in May 2004.
A native of the Paris metropolitan area, he fulfilled a childhood dream when he signed for the capital side Paris Saint-Germain in 2004 for €11 million.[citation needed] He rejected lucrative offers from more powerful European clubs such as Manchester United, Chelsea F.C. and Valencia C.F. in order to join PSG, the club he supported during his youth.[citation needed]
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Kakha Kaladze
Kakhaber "Kakha" Kaladze (Georgian: კახაბერ (კახა) კალაძე [kʼaxabɛr kʼalad͡zɛ]; born 27 February 1978) is a retired Georgian footballer. He played for the Georgia national team from 1996 to 2011 (2004 to 2011 as a Captain). He was voted Georgian Footballer of the Year in 2001–2003, and 2006 and is considered as one of Georgia's most important players.
Kaladze started his football career in 1993 at Umaglesi Liga club Dinamo Tbilisi and made 82 appearances in a five year spell. In 1998, he moved to the Ukrainian club Dynamo Kyiv and made 71 appearances until 2001, when he was signed by the Italian Serie A club Milan. To the date he has won one Serie A, three Ukrainian Premier League and five Umaglesi Liga titles. With Milan he won the Champions League on two occasions, the UEFA Super Cup once and the FIFA Club World Cup once. After captaining his country 50 times in 84 appearances, Kaladze announced his retirement from the Georgian national team on 11 December 2011.
Born in Samtredia, a town in Imereti Province, Kaladze comes from a footballing family as his father played for Lokomotiv Samtredia and was also president of the team for some time. His brother was kidnapped in a high profile case in 2001 and officially declared dead in 2006 resulting in two men being sentenced to prison for a combined total of 30 years. Outside of football he owns a company called Kala Capital and an organisation called Kala Foundation as well as being an ambassador for SOS Children's Villages. He is married and has one child.
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Kanako Mitsuhashi
Kanako Mitsuhashi (三橋 加奈子, Mitsuhashi Kanako?, January 10, 1978-) is a Japanese voice actress from the Hodogaya-ku ward of Yokohama, Japan. She is married to fellow voice actor Kōji Yusa. Mitsuhashi is probably most known for her roles as Killua Zoldyck from Hunter × Hunter, Rico from Gunslinger Girl, and Suzuka Asahina from Suzuka.
Leading roles indicated in bold.
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Kaoru Sugayama
Kaoru Sugayama (菅山かおる, Sugayama Kaoru?, born December 26, 1978) is a Japanese volleyball player. Although her nickname is "yuu", there was already Ai Otomo with that nickname on the All-Japan women's Team, so her new nickname is "kaoru". Her nickname in television broadcasts is "koushuni kagayaku Kaoru-hime", (攻守に輝くカオル姫, translation: "Princess Kaoru who shines in offense and defense"). Also, she is sometimes known as "shiroi yousei" (白い妖精, translation: "White fairy") due to her lovely face. However, she is embarrassed about being called "Princess Kaoru", "White fairy". She belong to the volleyball team "JT Marvelous" of the V.League. In May 2008, she retired from the team and official playing. On 1.6.2009, it became clear that she's to come back as a beach player.
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Karina Smirnoff
Karina Smirnoff (Ukrainian: Карiна Смiрнова; Russian: Кapинa Cмиpнoвa; born Karina Smirnova; January 2, 1978) is a Ukrainian professional ballroom dancer. She is best known for her appearances on Dancing with the Stars, where she held a runner-up title, a semi-final title, and several quarter final titles. Smirnoff finally became the champion professional partner in the thirteenth season, when she was partnered with army veteran and soap opera star J.R. Martinez.
She is also a five-time U.S. National Champion, World Trophy Champion, and Asian Open Champion. Smirnoff has won the title at the UK Open, is a three-time champion at the US Open, two-time champion at the Asian Open, five-time champion at the Dutch Open, and five-time US National Professional Champion. She has taken second at the British Open Blackpool Dance Festival and she is the first woman to also ever make the "British Professional Final" with three different partners.
Smirnoff was born Karina Smirnova in Kharkiv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union on January 2, 1978. When she was five years old, she began taking ballet lessons, followed by gymnastics, aerobics, figure skating, ballroom dancing and piano. She chose to pursue ballroom dancing. In 1992, Smirnoff immigrated to the United States.
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Karine Ruby
Karine Ruby (4 January 1978, Bonneville, Haute-Savoie – 29 May 2009) was a French snowboarder and Olympic champion. She won a gold medal at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano. She received a silver medal at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City.
Ruby had achieved significant success as a snowboarder, recognized as the world champion on six occasions and winning more than 65 Snowboarding World Cup events overall to accompany her two Olympic medals, earning her the description by The New York Times as "the most decorated female snowboarder in the world".
Ruby won the giant slalom event in the snowboarding competition at the 1998 Winter Olympics held in Nagano, Japan, overcoming severe weather conditions to win the first Olympic gold medal awarded in the event to a woman. She finished a combined 1.74 seconds behind Isabelle Blanc in the parallel giant slalom in snowboarding competition at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, an event that the two French snowboarders had dedicated to the memory of teammate Régine Cavagnoud, who had died in a 2001 training accident.
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Karl Scully
Karl Scully kicked started his career in 2000 by co-starring alongside Ewan Mcgregor in the blockbuster hit ‘Nora,’ and later admitted to giving the star ‘a few singing lessons.’
Karl followed his on screen success by performing operatic roles such as Albert in "Albert Herring" by Benjamin Britten, National Concert Hall, Dublin, Paolino in "Il Matrimonio Segreto", Cimarosa, Orvieto, Italy, Ferrando, in Cosi Fan Tutte, Orvieto, Italy. During his time in Italy, Karl performed solo roles alongside world famous artists including American bass Samuel Ramey.
Karl Scully was born in Limerick, West of Ireland, June 10th, 1978
Karl’s dulcet Irish tones fell on the sympathetic ears of two Irish Tenors, Anthony Kearns and Finbar Wright, prompting the invitation to join the group in 2006. Soon after Karl returned to the screens to star in ‘Friends of The Irish Tenors,’ a 10 part television show, in which Karl performed alongside such greats as Lord Andrew Lloyd Webber, Paul Carrick, Finbar Furey, Hayley Westenra, Shayne Ward, Sharon Shannon, Peter Grant, Rebecca Storm, Lucia Evans, and Celine Byrne, and in doing so affirmed his place in Irish folk law next to Ronan Keating, Enya and Bono.
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Karl Wallenda
Karl Wallenda (January 21, 1905 – March 22, 1978) was the founder of The Flying Wallendas, an internationally known daredevil circus act remembered for performing death-defying stunts, often without a safety net.
Wallenda, born in Magdeburg, Germany in 1905, began performing with his family at age six.
The Great Wallendas were noted throughout Europe for their four-man pyramid and cycling on the high wire. The act moved to the United States in 1928 and began an association with the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Combined Circus. Later they performed as freelancers. In 1947 they developed the unequaled three-tier 7-Man Pyramid. Karl Wallenda had already in 1938 the idea to this breathtaking act but it took time til 1946 til he and his brother Hermann developed it and had the right acrobats for it. The Great Wallendas, a 1978 made-for-TV movie starring Lloyd Bridges as Karl Wallenda, depicts the act's comeback after a fatal accident involving several family members during a performance. Wallenda was killed in a high wire accident a mere 38 days after it was first broadcast.
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Katherine Heigl
Katherine Marie Heigl ( /ˈhaɪɡəl/; born November 24, 1978) is an American actress and producer. She is possibly best known for her role as Dr. Izzie Stevens on ABC's Grey's Anatomy from 2005 to 2010, for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress – Drama Series in 2007. She has also starred in films such as Under Siege 2: Dark Territory, Knocked Up, Zyzzyx Road, 27 Dresses, The Ugly Truth, Killers, Life As We Know It, New Year's Eve, and One for the Money.
Heigl started her career as a child model with Wilhelmina Models before she turned her attention to acting. She made her debut in the coming-of-age film That Night. Heigl co-starred as Isabel Evans in the television series Roswell and movies including My Father the Hero before landing her break-out role in Grey's Anatomy. Heigl has established herself as a cover model appearing on numerous publications including Maxim, Vanity Fair and Cosmopolitan.
Heigl is married to singer Josh Kelley, with whom she has two daughters.
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Katie Holmes
Kate Noelle "Katie" Holmes (born December 18, 1978) is an American actress who first achieved fame for her role as Joey Potter on The WB television teen drama Dawson's Creek from 1998 to 2003. Her movie roles have included the blockbuster Batman Begins along with art house films such as The Ice Storm and thrillers including Abandon. She has also played on Broadway in a production of Arthur Miller's All My Sons. She achieved worldwide celebrity for her marriage to Tom Cruise, with whom she has a daughter, Suri.
Holmes was born in Toledo, Ohio. She is the fourth daughter and youngest child of five children born to Kathleen (née Stothers), a homemaker and philanthropist, and Martin Joseph Holmes, Sr., an attorney specializing in divorces, She has three older sisters and one older brother: Tamera, Holly Ann, Martin Joseph, Jr., and Nancy Kay.
Holmes is of Russian, German, English and Irish ancestry and was baptized a Roman Catholic. She attended Christ the King Church and parochial schools in Toledo. She graduated from the all-female Notre Dame Academy (also her mother's alma mater), where Katie was a 4.0 student. At St. John's Jesuit, a nearby all-male high school, Holmes appeared in school musicals, playing a waitress in Hello, Dolly! and Lola in Damn Yankees. She scored 1310 out of 1600 on her SAT and was accepted to Columbia University (and attended for a summer session); her father wanted her to be a doctor.
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Katie Price
Katie Price (born 22 May 1978), previously known under the pseudonym Jordan, is an English media personality, author, former glamour model, occasional singer and businesswoman.
Her time at topless female glamour model pictorial Page Three in British tabloid newspaper The Sun instantly shot Price into the limelight. Her placement in the public's spotlight has allowed Price to expand into a variety of different industries including television, books, fashion and music.
Price has experienced many highly-publicised relationships in the eye of the British media and has been married twice, to singer Peter Andre in 2005 - the couple divorced in 2009 - and to professional fighter Alex Reid in 2010; the couple separated in 2011. Price's net worth was estimated at £45 million in April 2012.
Katie Price was born Katrina Amy Alexandria Alexis Infield in Brighton, East Sussex, England, to parents Amy (née Charlier) and Ray Infield. Her maternal grandmother was Jewish and her other grandparents on both sides were Anglican.[citation needed] In 1982, at the age of four, her parents separated when her father left the family. In 1988, her mother married builder Paul Price, after which, Price obtained the surname. She has an older brother named Daniel and a younger maternal half-sister, Sophie.
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Kei Horie
Kei Horie (堀江 慶, Horie Kei?, born 4 October 1978 in Tokyo, Japan) is a Japanese actor, writer, film producer and director. He is known as Gaku Washio/GaoYellow in 2001's Super Sentai's series, Hyakujuu Sentai GaoRanger. He reprised his role on one more occasion in the Super Sentai Teamup Hurricanger VS Gaoranger.
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Keith Moon
Keith John Moon (23 August 1946 – 7 September 1978) was an English musician, best known for being the drummer of the English rock group The Who. He gained acclaim for his exuberant and innovative drumming style, and notoriety for his eccentric and often self-destructive behaviour, earning him the nickname "Moon the Loon". Moon joined The Who in 1964. He played on all albums and singles from their debut, 1964's "Zoot Suit", to 1978's Who Are You, which was released three weeks before his death.
Moon was known for dramatic, suspenseful drumming—often eschewing basic back beats for a fluid, busy technique focused on fast, cascading rolls across the toms, ambidextrous double bass drum work and wild cymbal crashes and washes. He is mentioned in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as one of the greatest of all rock and roll drummers, and was posthumously inducted into the Rock Hall as a member of The Who in 1990.
Moon's legacy, as a member of The Who, as a solo artist, and as an eccentric personality, continues to garner awards and praise, including a Rolling Stone readers' pick placing him in second place of the magazine's "best drummers of all time" in 2011, nearly 35 years after his death.
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Kel Mitchell
Kel Johari Rice Mitchell (born August 25, 1978) is an American actor, comedian, dancer, musician, writer, producer, and Wendy's franchise manager. He is best known for his work as a regular cast member of the Nickelodeon sketch comedy series All That, his portrayal of Kel Kimble on the Nickelodeon sitcom Kenan & Kel, his role as Ed in the film Good Burger, and as the voice of Dutch in the Disney XD cartoon Motorcity.
Mitchell is an original member of Nickelodeon's All That and starred on the show from 1994–1999. He and Kenan Thompson also starred in the series Kenan & Kel from 1996–2000, as well as a 1997 major motion picture, titled Good Burger, which grew out of one of his sketches from All That. The duo also appeared together in an episode of Sister, Sister with Tia and Tamera Mowry, a few episodes of The Steve Harvey show, and they appeared in a special two-part episode of Cousin Skeeter. Mitchell's character in Kenan & Kel made him famous for his antics and persona.
Outside of his ventures with Kenan Thompson, Mitchell provided the voice of a mild-mannered and playful dog named T-Bone in the children's cartoon series Clifford the Big Red Dog, alongside John Ritter, from 2000 to 2003. Additionally, he also made an appearance in the 2004 Kanye West music video All Falls Down as a luggage collecting valet. Mitchell co-hosted Dance 360 with Fredro Starr; the show lasted for only one season. In 2005, Mitchell portrayed Manny Sellers in the sitcom One on One with Kyla Pratt, and in 2007 Mitchell starred in BET's new series Take the Cake. Some of his other credits include Honeydripper and Mystery Men.
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Kelly Stables
Kelly Michelle Stables (born January 26, 1978) is an American actress known for both stage and film acting.
Stables was born in metropolitan St. Louis, Missouri. She was a well-known cheerleader in her high school years, a fact which would be commemorated in an article in the magazine American Cheerleader. She graduated from Lafayette High School in Wildwood, Missouri.
She graduated from the University of Missouri, Columbia earning a bachelor’s degree in Communication with an emphasis in Television and Theatre Performance minor. By March 2005, corresponding with the release of The Ring Two in theaters, she married Kurt Patino. Stables is expecting her first child in late 2012. Her pregnancy is going to be written into her TV show, "The Exes."
Kelly is an avid baseball fan, and enjoys St. Louis Cardinals games.
Kelly Stables has acted in a number of plays. Her two largest roles were in the Thousand Oaks Civic Light Opera's Peter Pan as Wendy, and in Sleeping Beauty as the title character. She has also played several other stage roles, most notably that of Marion Davies in W.R. and the Daisy.
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Ken Warby
Ken Warby (born 9 May 1939) is an Australian motorboat racer, who currently holds the Water speed record of 317.60 miles per hour (511.13 kilometres per hour). This was set in Blowering Dam, part of the Snowy Mountains hydro-electric scheme, near Tumut, New South Wales, roughly 250 miles (400 km) south-south west of Sydney, on 8 October 1978.
As a child, Warby's hero was Donald Campbell, who died attempting to break the record in 1967.
Warby designed the hull of his record-breaking boat, Spirit of Australia, himself and built it in his backyard. He started the project as a Makita salesman who happened to team up with two Leading Aircraft Men at RAAF Base Richmond in the early 1970s. Crandall and Cox were instrumental in installing and engineering the Westinghouse engine that was not in working order when first obtained. The Spirit was covered with a canvas tarpaulin when it rained and was made of wood and fibreglass. Warby was able to obtain the jet engine himself as military surplus; obtained from an auction for only $69.
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Kenan Thompson
Kenan Thompson (born May 10, 1978) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his work as a cast member of NBC's long-running sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live, as well for his starring roles in the films Good Burger and Fat Albert, his portrayal of Kenan Rockmore on the Nickelodeon sitcom Kenan & Kel, and as an original cast member of the Nickelodeon sketch comedy series All That. He ranks at #88 on VH1's 100 Greatest Teen Stars. Throughout the 1990s, he frequently collaborated with fellow comedian Kel Mitchell, and the two are cultural icons for the millennial generation.
He was born and raised in Atlanta, Georgia, the son of Fletcher and Elizabeth Ann Thompson. He has one sibling, Kerwin Thompson. He began acting at age 15, appearing in the school play The Gingerbread Duck. One of his earliest roles was as an entertainment reporter for CNN's "Real News for Kids", and he would go on to star in All That, and Kenan & Kel. While Kenan attended Tri-Cities High School, a Visual and Performing Arts Magnet School in East Point, Georgia, he began filming his first movie, D2: The Mighty Ducks.
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Kenny Watson
Kenneth Dwight Watson (born March 13, 1978) is an American football running back who is currently a free agent. He was signed by the Washington Redskins as an undrafted free agent in 2001. He played college football at Penn State.
Watson has also played for the Cincinnati Bengals.
Watson attended Harrisburg High School in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania and was a letterman in football, basketball, and track. In football, he was a prep All-American and an Associated Press all-state pick in 1995. In his senior season, he ran for 1,495 yards and 23 touchdowns. A fter his senior football season, he participated in the 1996 Big 33 game.
Watson was a multi-purpose player at Penn State, playing tailback, wide receiver and kick returner. He was part of the Penn State's infamous "running back by committee" during his senior season, sharing carries with future NFLers Larry Johnson, Omar Easy, and Eric McCoo. He holds two Penn State records: career kickoff returns (67) and career kickoff yardage (1,506 yards). His record for single-season kickoff yardage (522 yards) was broken in 2007 by A. J. Wallace with 581 yards.
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Kenyatta Wright
Kenyatta Terrell Wright (born February 19, 1978 in Vian, Oklahoma) was an American football linebacker for the New York Jets of the NFL from 2003-2005. He was a four-year starter for Oklahoma State University, where he recorded 260 career tackles, 11 sacks, and 1 fumble recovery. He was signed as a free agent in 2000 by the Buffalo Bills. Was the vaunted leader of the Oklahoma State-"Orange Crush Defense
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Kevin Senio
Kevin Senio is a New Zealand rugby union professional who currently plays for ASM Clermont Auvergne. Senio is also a former All Black, making his debut after coming on for Piri Weepu against Australia in New Zealand's 34–24 win in the final match of the 2005 Tri Nations Series and is currently a Junior All Black. That is Senio's only test thus far into his career. During his time at Bay of Plenty, Senio played in a tour match against the British and Irish Lions.
Senio signed a two year deal with the Canterbury Rugby Football Union (CRFU) on 26 September 2005, making him eligible to play for the Crusaders, after former Canterbury and Crusaders half-back, Justin Marshall, left to play in England following the 2005 British and Irish Lions tour to New Zealand. Senio also left after playing second fiddle to starting Chiefs' half-back, Byron Kelleher, who is also an All Black. Many were surprised by Senio's decision to leave Bay of Plenty (BoP), especially after he told his team mates that he was to stay with the province. BoP received $50,000 NZD from the CRFU because of Senio's All Black status.
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Kimberley Locke
Kimberley Dawn Locke (born January 3, 1978) is an American singer-songwriter and model. She has recorded in the dance, pop and adult contemporary music genres.
Locke gained fame with her participation in the 2003 American Idol television series in which she placed third. In 2007 she garnered media attention for her participation in Celebrity Fit Club.
Locke was born in Hartsville, Tennessee, to Donald and Christine Locke, and is the second of two children, with an older brother named Ashley. She and her brother spent most of their life in Gallatin. At age five, Locke began singing in church. Her parents divorced when she was eight years old.
Locke grew up admiring such singers as Janet Jackson, Whitney Houston, Patti LaBelle and Diana Ross. In 1987, she and childhood friends Chandra Boone, Selina Robb, and Nacole Rice formed a quartet named Shadz of U, which performed at many local churches. The group later appeared on Locke's 2007 Based on a True Story album, singing backup on Everyday Angels.
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Kobe Bryant
Kobe Bean Bryant (born August 23, 1978) is an American professional basketball player who plays shooting guard for the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Bryant enjoyed a successful high school basketball career at Lower Merion High School, where he was recognized as the top high school basketball player in the country. He decided to declare his eligibility for the NBA Draft upon graduation, and was selected with the 13th overall pick in the 1996 NBA Draft by the Charlotte Hornets, then traded to the Los Angeles Lakers. As a rookie, Bryant earned himself a reputation as a high-flyer and a fan favorite by winning the 1997 Slam Dunk Contest.
Bryant and Shaquille O'Neal led the Lakers to three consecutive NBA championships from 2000 to 2002. A heated feud between the duo and a loss in the 2004 NBA Finals was followed by O'Neal's trade from the Lakers after the 2003–04 season. Following O'Neal's departure Bryant became the cornerstone of the Los Angeles Lakers franchise. He led the NBA in scoring during the 2005–06 and 2006–07 seasons, setting numerous scoring records in the process. In 2006, Bryant scored a career-high 81 points against the Toronto Raptors, the second most points scored in a single game in NBA history, second only to Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game in 1962. He was awarded the regular season's Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) in 2008. After losing in the 2008 NBA Finals, Bryant led the Lakers to two consecutive championships in 2009 and 2010, earning the NBA Finals MVP Award on both occasions.
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Krissy Taylor
Kristen Erin "Krissy" Taylor (May 15, 1978 – July 2, 1995) was an American model.
Taylor was born in Miami and lived in South Florida with her parents and two older sisters. Taylor’s foray into the modeling world was largely due to being supermodel Niki Taylor's younger sister. At age 11, Taylor began going to shoots with Niki, and photographers began to include her in photos. Her first shoot with sister Niki appeared in Seventeen. She soon signed with her sister’s modeling agency in New York, IMG.
At age 13, after accompanying Niki to castings for the Fall Shows in Milan, the designers impulsively fitted Taylor, and she walked the runways alongside Naomi Campbell, Christy Turlington, and Claudia Schiffer. Thereafter, Taylor began getting calls to work solo. Taylor had amassed an impressive résumé of credits, including ELLE, Italian Glamour, YM, Cosmopolitan, and Vogue. She had 13 covers to her credit, and appeared on Entertainment Tonight and MTV. She also did the 1994 Spring Collections in New York, landing eight shows, including Ralph Lauren.
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Kurt Busch
Kurt Thomas Busch (born August 4, 1978) is an American NASCAR and NHRA driver. He drives the No. 51 TAG Heuer/Phoenix Construction Chevrolet Impala for Phoenix Racing in the Sprint Cup Series and drives the No. 1 Phoenix Construction Chevrolet Impala for Phoenix and the No. 54 Monster Energy Toyota Camry for Kyle Busch Motorsports in the Nationwide Series.
Busch has also driven for Penske Racing and Roush Fenway Racing in his Sprint Cup career, which began in 2001.
Busch, winner of 24 Cup races and the 2004 championship, also races on an "opportunity permitting" basis in the Pro Stock division of NHRA.
He is a second-generation race car driver, his father Tom won several NASCAR sanctioned events. He is the older brother of Kyle Busch, who is also a NASCAR driver.
Busch won the Cup Series Championship in 2004, the first ever season using the "Chase for the Cup" points format, finishing just eight points ahead of Jimmie Johnson. With a 2006 win in the Nationwide Series, Busch became one of only 23 drivers with a win in all three of NASCAR's top divisions: the Sprint Cup Series, the Nationwide Series, and the Camping World Truck Series.
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Kurt Gödel
Kurt Friedrich Gödel (/ˈkɜrt ɡɜrdəl/; German pronunciation: [ˈkʊʁt ˈɡøːdəl] ( listen); April 28, 1906 – January 14, 1978) was an Austrian/American logician, mathematician, and philosopher. Later in his life he emigrated to the United States to escape the effects of World War II. One of the most significant logicians of all time, Gödel made an immense impact upon scientific and philosophical thinking in the 20th century, a time when many, such as Bertrand Russell, A. N. Whitehead and David Hilbert, were pioneering the use of logic and set theory to understand the foundations of mathematics.
Gödel is best known for his two incompleteness theorems, published in 1931 when he was 25 years old, one year after finishing his doctorate at the University of Vienna. The more famous incompleteness theorem states that for any self-consistent recursive axiomatic system powerful enough to describe the arithmetic of the natural numbers (for example Peano arithmetic), there are true propositions about the naturals that cannot be proved from the axioms. To prove this theorem, Gödel developed a technique now known as Gödel numbering, which codes formal expressions as natural numbers.
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Kurt Nilsen
Kurt Erik Kleppe Nilsen (born September 29, 1978) is a Norwegian pop/country singer. He won the first season of the Norwegian version of the reality television show Pop Idol, which aired on TV 2 in May 2003. He then won a one-off international version of Pop Idol, called World Idol on January 1, 2004, featuring winners of the various national Idol shows.
Upon leaving school, Nilsen made his living as a plumber. Nilsen became the lead singer in the Norwegian band Fenrik Lane. He is a left-handed musician and plays his guitar with the strings upside down. He appeared on and won Norwegian Idol with 54% of the votes against Gaute Ormåsen. He is one of only seven contestants in the Idol (Norway) history who succeeded in staying out of “bottom three/two” places in weekly votes.
His subsequent single, "She's So High", written by Tal Bachman, went straight to number one in the Norwegian singles chart and is among the biggest-selling singles in Norway to date. His debut album was simply called I.
He subsequently won the vote for the World Idol title on January 1, 2004, singing the hit "Beautiful Day" by U2, beating competitors from ten other nations, including the more famous Idols, Britain's Will Young, and favourite Kelly Clarkson of the United States, and scoring the first place in 10 out of 11 countries eligible to vote for him (Norwegian voters being unable to vote for him).
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Kurt Student
Kurt Student (12 May 1890 – 1 July 1978) was a German Luftwaffe general who fought as a fighter pilot during the First World War and as the commander of German Fallschirmjäger (paratroopers) during the Second World War.
Student was born in Birkholz (today Borów), a village in the Landkreis of Züllichau-Schwiebus in the Prussian province of Brandenburg, in a region now located in Poland.
Student entered the Imperial German Army as an officer candidate in 1910 and was commissioned a lieutenant in March 1911. After serving initially with a light infantry (Jäger) battalion, he underwent pilot training in 1913. He served from the beginning of World War I until February 1916 with Feldflieger-Abteilung 17 on the Galician front, rising to command of the unit on 1 June 1916. On 5 July, he became a charter member of the Fokker Scourge when he scored his first confirmed victory, forcing Nieuport 11 no. 1324 to land behind German lines. Student re-equipped the French plane with a Spandau machine gun, and seems to have flown it in combat.
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Kyla Cole
Kyla Cole (born Martina Jacová, Slovak: [jatsovaː]; November 10, 1978) is a Slovak glamour model, Penthouse Pet and former television presenter.
Kyla Cole was born in Prešov, Czechoslovakia (present Slovakia), and was her parents' first-born child.
Cole began her career in 1999, after winning the "Ms. Monticello Raceway Pageant", while working as a counselor at the Camp Na-Sho-Pa summer camp Bloomingburg, in upstate New York.
She has also been a part owner of a modeling agency.
Cole was named Penthouse Pet of the Month in March 2000. Within a year, she had appeared on the covers of dozens of men's magazines. She was offered the position of Penthouse Pet of the Year, but had to decline because she was unable to obtain a US work visa.
In May 2001 Cole was invited to participate as a surprise guest at the season finale of season 1 of Big Brother in Norway. She was invited because one of the male housemates had proclaimed Cole was his dream woman after seeing pictures of her, which had been posted on the walls in the house by the female housemates to cheer up another male housemate. The producers of the TV show hints of Cole's surprise appearance when they, to the male housemates despair, secretly removes the best picture of Cole, and 2 weeks before the season finale, proclaims that all will be revealed. During the season, two of the male housemates name in Cole's honor a pizza recipe after her.
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Kyle Howard
Kyle Alan Howard (born April 13, 1978) is an American film and television actor.
Kyle Howard grew up in Loveland, Colorado. He has worked in both film and television. His film career includes House Arrest alongside Jamie Lee Curtis, Skeletons with Ron Silver, Orange County and The Paper Brigade. His work includes a Coca Cola commercial with talking ice cubes, anxious to be bathed in cola.
Kyle Howard played Bobby Newman on the TBS original series My Boys. Howard's previous television work includes The Love Boat: The Next Wave, Related, Grosse Pointe, and Run of the House. He has also guest starred in CSI, Home Improvement, Chicago Hope, What I Like About You, The Drew Carey Show, Numb3rs, 8 Simple Rules, Friends, Nip/Tuck, Ghost Whisperer and Holiday in Handcuffs. He played the character 'Dickey' in Baby Geniuses in 1999.
Howard starred alongside Milo Ventimiglia and Chris Evans as one of three boys in an all-girls school in Opposite Sex on Fox's summer 2000 schedule. The show was canceled after 8 episodes.
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Kyoko Iwasaki
Kyoko Iwasaki (岩崎 恭子, Iwasaki Kyōko?, married name: Kyoko Saito (斎藤恭子), born July 21, 1978 in Numazu, Shizuoka, Japan) is a retired swimmer from Japan. She won the gold medal in the 200 metres breaststroke at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain. She was at age of 14 years and 6 days when she got the medal.
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Laetitia Casta
Laetitia Marie Laure Casta (born 11 May 1978) is a French actress and model. Casta became a "GUESS? Girl" in 1993 and gained further recognition as a Victoria's Secret Angel from 1998 to 2000 and as a spokesperson for cosmetics company L'Oreal. She has appeared on over 100 covers of such popular magazines as Cosmopolitan, Vogue, Rolling Stone, Elle and Glamour, and modeled for designers like Yves Saint Laurent, Jean-Paul Gaultier, Chanel, Givenchy, Lolita Lempicka, and Vivienne Westwood. Casta became an established actress, appearing in the films Gainsbourg (A Heroic Life), Face and Blue Bicycle, as well as the play Ondine at the theatre Antoine.
Casta was born in Pont-Audemer, Normandy, France. Her mother, Line Blin, is from Normandy. Her father, Dominique Casta, is from Corsica. She has an older brother, Jean-Baptiste, and a younger sister, Marie-Ange. She spent her childhood in Normandy and Corsica.
Casta's modeling career reportedly began when she was discovered by the photographer Frederic Cresseaux, during a family holiday in her father's native Corsica, at age 15. After her unexpected registration by Jeeby, Casta has been elected Miss Lumio 93.
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Lara Dutta
Lara Dutta Bhupathi (born 16 April 1978) is an Indian Bollywood actress and former Miss Universe (2000).
She made her Hindi debut in 2003 with the film Andaaz which was a box office success and won her a Filmfare Best Female Debut Award. Her box office hit successes include a series of comedies Masti (2004), No Entry (2005), Bhagam Bhag (2006), Partner (2007) and Housefull (2010). Her recent film Don 2 (2011) is a major commercial success in the domestic and international markets.
Dutta was born in Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh to an Indian father and an Anglo-Indian mother. Her father is Wing Commander L.K. Dutta (retired) and her mother is Jennifer Dutta. She also has two elder sisters, Sabrina, who serves in the Indian Air Force and a well known younger sister Cheryl. Composer and DJ Nitin Sawhney is Dutta's cousin. The Dutta family moved to Bangalore in 1981 where she completed high school from St.Francis Xavier Girls' High School and the Frank Anthony Public School. Dutta graduated in economics with a minor in communications from the University of Mumbai. She is fluent in English, Hindi, Kannada, and French.[citation needed]
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Larry Flynt
Larry Claxton Flynt, Jr. (born November 1, 1942) is an American publisher and the president of Larry Flynt Publications (LFP). In 2003, Arena magazine listed him as the number one on the "50 Powerful People in Porn" list.
LFP mainly produces sexually graphic videos and magazines, most notably Hustler. Flynt has fought several prominent legal battles involving the First Amendment, and has unsuccessfully run for public office. He is paralyzed from the waist down due to injuries sustained in a 1978 assassination attempt.
Flynt was born in Lakeville, Magoffin County, Kentucky, the first of three children to 23-year-old Larry Claxton Flynt, Sr. (August 16, 1919 – July 1, 2005), a sharecropper and a World War II veteran, and 17-year-old Edith (née Arnett; August 13, 1925 – March 29, 1982), a homemaker. He had two younger siblings; sister Judy (1947–1951) and brother Jimmy Ray (born June 20, 1948). His father served in the United States Army in the European Theatre of World War II. Due to his father's absence, Larry was raised solely by his mother and maternal grandmother for the first three years of his life. Flynt was raised in poverty, and claimed Magoffin County was the poorest county in the nation during the Great Depression. In 1951, Flynt's sister, Judy, died due to leukemia at age four. The death provoked his parents' divorce one year later, and Larry was raised by his mother in Hamlet, Indiana, and his brother, Jimmy, was raised by his maternal grandmother in Magoffin County. Two years later, Larry returned to live in Magoffin County with his father, because he disliked his mother's new boyfriend.
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Lawrence Tynes
Lawrence James Henry Tynes (born May 3, 1978) is a Scottish American football placekicker for the New York Giants. He was originally signed by the Kansas City Chiefs as an undrafted free agent in 2001. After 4 seasons in Kansas City, he was traded to the Giants in 2007. In his first season with the Giants, he kicked them to Super Bowl XLII with a last-second field goal in overtime against the Green Bay Packers in the 2008 NFC Championship Game and another last-second field goal in the 2012 NFC Championship Game against the San Francisco 49ers. He has experienced his best success in New York, winning two Super Bowl championships in 2007 and 2011.
Tynes attended Milton High School in Milton, Florida along with professional golfer and classmate, Bubba Watson.
Tynes attended Troy State University (now simply Troy University), graduating with a degree in criminal justice, and holds school records for career field goals (45), and points (262).
Tynes originally entered the NFL as a rookie free agent with Kansas City in 2001. He also played in 10 games for the Scottish Claymores of NFL Europe in 2002.
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Layla El
Layla El (born 25 June 1978) is an English dancer, model and professional wrestler of Moroccan descent. She is signed to WWE as a WWE Diva and appears on the SmackDown brand as Layla. She is the reigning WWE Divas Champion.
After attending a performing arts college, El was a dancer for Carnival Cruise Lines, the Miami Heat franchise of the National Basketball Association, and also danced for Kanye West at the MTV Video Music Awards. In 2006, she was a contestant in the 2006 WWE Diva Search, which she won to earn a contract with the company.
Initially appearing on the SmackDown brand, she was moved to the ECW brand in January 2007, where she formed the Extreme Exposé dance troupe with Kelly Kelly and Brooke Adams. In 2008, she was drafted to the Raw brand, where she began managing William Regal. The following year she returned to the SmackDown brand, where she formed an alliance with Michelle McCool known as Team Lay-Cool. In May 2010, Layla won the WWE Women's Championship for the first time, making her the first British woman to hold the championship. She is also the first Diva Search winner to have won the championship, and the final recognized WWE Women's Champion as the title was retired in 2010. In April 2012, Layla won the WWE Divas Championship upon her return from a year-long absence due to injury.
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Lee Garmes
Lee Garmes, A.S.C. (May 27, 1898 - August 31, 1978) was an American cinematographer. During his career, he worked with directors Howard Hawks, Max Ophuls, Josef von Sternberg, Alfred Hitchcock, King Vidor, Nicholas Ray and Henry Hathaway, whom he had met as a young man when the two first came to Hollywood in the silent era. He also co-directed two films with legendary screenwriter Ben Hecht: Angels Over Broadway and Actors and Sin.
Born in Peoria, Illinois, Garmes first came to Hollywood in 1916. His first job was as an assistant in the paint department at Thomas H. Ince Studios, but he soon became a camera assistant before graduating to full-time cameraman. His earliest films were comedy shorts, and his career did not fully take off until the introduction of sound.
Garmes was married to film actress Ruth Hall from 1933 until his death in 1978. He is interred in the Grand View Memorial Park Cemetery in Glendale, California.
Garmes was one of the earliest proponents of video technology, which he advocated as early as 1972. That year, he had been hired by Technicolor to lens the short film Why, which was intended to test whether video was a viable technology for shooting feature films.
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Leigh Brackett
Leigh Douglass Brackett (December 7, 1915 – March 18, 1978) was an American author, particularly of science fiction. She was also a screenwriter, known for her work on famous films such as The Big Sleep (1945), Rio Bravo (1959), The Long Goodbye (1973) and The Empire Strikes Back (1980).
Leigh Brackett was born December 7, 1915 in Los Angeles, California and grew up there. On December 31, 1946, at age 31, she married Edmond Hamilton in San Gabriel, California, and moved with him to Kinsman, Ohio. She died of cancer in 1978 in Lancaster, California.
Brackett was first published in her mid-twenties. Her first published science fiction story was "Martian Quest", which appeared in the February 1940 issue of Astounding Science Fiction. Her earliest years as a writer (1940–1942) were her most productive in numbers of stories written. Occasional stories have social themes, such as "The Citadel of Lost Ships" (1943), which considers the effects on the native cultures of alien worlds of Earth's expanding trade empire.
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Leo Genn
Leo John Genn (9 August 1905 – 26 January 1978) was a British stage and film actor.
He was born at 144 Kyverdale Road, Stamford Hill, Hackney, London, England to a Jewish family. His father, Woolfe (William) Genn, was a jewellery salesman and the maiden name of his mother, Rachel, was Asserson.
Genn attended the City of London School and studied law at Cambridge, qualifying as a barrister in 1928. He ceased practising as a lawyer soon after the Second World War. On 14 May 1933, Genn married Marguerite van Praag, a casting director at Ealing Studios. They had no children.
Genn's theatrical debut was in 1930 in A Marriage has been Disarranged at the Devonshire Park Theatre, Eastbourne and then at the Royalty Theatre in Dean Street, London. Actor/manager Leon M. Lion had engaged him simultaneously as an actor and attorney. In 1933 he appeared in Ballerina by Rodney Ackland. Between September 1934 and March 1936, Leo Genn was a member of the Old Vic Company where he appeared in many productions of Shakespeare. In 1937 he was Horatio in Tyrone Guthrie's production of Hamlet, with Laurence Olivier as Hamlet, in Elsinore Denmark. In 1938, Genn appeared in the theatrical hit, The Flashing Stream by Charles Langbridge Morgan and went with the show to America and Broadway. His many other stage performances included Lillian Hellman's Another Part of the Forest, 12 Angry Men, The Devil's Advocate, Maugham's The Sacred Flame. In 1959 Genn gave a reading in Chichester Cathedral.
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Leo Najo
Leo Najo (born Leonardo Alanis, 1899–1979) was one of the first Mexican-born players to play professional baseball in the United States, debuting in 1924 with the San Antonio Bears of the Class A Texas League. After early success in the minor leagues, he was drafted by the major league Chicago White Sox in 1925. Although a leg injury, and possibly racial prejudice, stifled his major league career, Najo moved on to enjoy a lengthy and productive career both in the U.S. minor leagues and in the Mexican League. In 1939, he became the first player selected to the Mexican Professional Baseball Hall of Fame, known as Salón de la Fama del Beisbol Profesional de México. In 2001, Minor League Baseball named Leo Najo's 1932 Tulsa Oilers team as one of the top 100 minor league teams of all time, in part because of his contributions."
Leo Najo was born Leonardo Alanis on February 17, 1899 in the small town of La Lajilla, Nuevo Leon, located across the border from Zapata, Texas. When Najo was 10, his mother moved the family to the nearby town of Mission, Texas, where she purchased a small tavern and operated it successfully for many years afterward. Najo lived in Mission for the rest of his life. The family's financial stability allowed the youth to spend much of his time playing the relatively new game of baseball, which was very popular along the Texas-Mexico border at the start of the 20th century.
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Leo Ryan
Leo Joseph Ryan, Jr. (May 5, 1925 – November 18, 1978) was an American politician of the Democratic Party. He served as a U.S. Representative from California's 11th congressional district from 1973 until he was murdered in Guyana by members of the Peoples Temple shortly before the Jonestown Massacre in 1978.
After the Watts Riots of 1965, then-Assemblyman Ryan took a job as a substitute school teacher to investigate and document conditions in the area. In 1970, he investigated the conditions of California prisons by being held, under a pseudonym, as an inmate in Folsom Prison, while presiding as chairman of the Assembly committee that oversaw prison reform. During his time in Congress, Ryan traveled to Newfoundland to investigate the practice of seal hunting.
Ryan was also famous for vocal criticism of the lack of Congressional oversight of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), and authored the Hughes-Ryan Amendment, passed in 1974. He was also an early critic of L. Ron Hubbard and his Scientology movement and of the Unification Church of Sun Myung Moon. On November 3, 1977, Ryan read into the United States Congressional Record a testimony by John Gordon Clark about the health hazards connected with destructive cults. Ryan is the only U.S. Member of Congress killed in the line of duty. He was awarded the Congressional Gold Medal posthumously in 1983.
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Leon Constantine
Leon Charles Constantine (born 24 February 1978) is an English footballer who plays as a striker. A journeyman of lower league English football, he has had 21 separate spells at 19 different clubs within the space of just 12 years. A latecomer to the professional game, he found a Football League club at age 22, and was a regular first team player for the first time at age 23.
Beginning his career as a Millwall reserve following an impressive spell at non-League Edgware Town, in 2002 he joined Brentford. He was unimpressive however and moved on to Southend United the following year, where he proved to be a goal-ever-other-game revelation. In 2004 he enjoyed a short spell with Peterborough United before Torquay United broke their club record in signing him. Again he disappointed, and in 2005 moved on to Port Vale. With Vale he was once more prolific, scoring 32 goals in 72 league games. In 2007 Leeds United were persuaded to sign him, though he fared poorly before transferring to Northampton Town the following year. He spent the 2009–10 season at Hereford United, followed by a spell with York City. He left York in 2011 for brief spells at Braintree Town, Lewes, Tooting & Mitcham United, and then Boston United. In addition to all of these clubs he has also had loan spells with Leyton Orient, Partick Thistle, Torquay United, Oldham Athletic, and Cheltenham Town over the years.
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Linda Park
Linda Park (born July 9, 1978) is a South Korean-born American actress. She is best known for her portrayal of communications officer character Hoshi Sato in the television series Star Trek: Enterprise. She is also known for her role as Maggie Cheon on the 2008-10 TV series Crash.
Park was born in South Korea and raised in San Jose, California. She participated in a number of theatrical productions in her teens at Notre Dame High School and Bellarmine College Preparatory, ultimately leading to study for a Bachelor of Fine Arts from Boston University. During her college career, she spent a semester in England, studying at the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art. Among her college stage credits are Mad Forest, Lysistrata, Cyrano de Bergerac, Richard III and The Trojan Women.
Park had a small cameo role in the 2001 feature film Jurassic Park III as Ellie Satler's assistant.
Less than a year after graduation, she was cast in the role of Hoshi Sato in the fifth incarnation of the Star Trek franchise, Star Trek: Enterprise, which premiered in September 2001. Sato was the ship's communications officer, with a natural gift for translating alien languages. Park herself is fluent in English, Korean, Spanish, and also speaks some French. During the run of Enterprise, Park posed for a pictorial in men's magazine FHM.
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Lorenzo Odone
Lorenzo Michael Murphy Odone (May 29, 1978 – May 30, 2008) was an American adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) patient whose parents, Augusto and Michaela Odone, sought a treatment for the disease and invented Lorenzo's oil.
He was also the subject of the 1992 film Lorenzo's Oil which starred Nick Nolte and Susan Sarandon. Additionally, Phil Collins translated a poem written by Michaela to Lorenzo to music for the song "Lorenzo" in his 1996 album Dance into the Light.
In 1984, when diagnosed with adrenoleukodystrophy, there was not much of information available about this disease, let alone a treatment. His parents therefore decided to take matters into their own hands, and began researching myelin and adrenoleukodystrophy. They eventually invented "Lorenzo's oil", which they hoped would stop the progress of the disease. It is a mixture of olive and rapeseed oil.
Lorenzo died at his home in Fairfax, Virginia on May 30, 2008, 26 years after his first diagnosis and one day after his 30th birthday, due to complications of aspiration pneumonia, with his father Augusto and his life long friend Oumouri at his side.
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Louis Prima
Louis Prima (December 7, 1910 – August 24, 1978) was an American singer, actor, songwriter, and trumpeter. Prima rode the musical trends of his time, starting with his seven-piece New Orleans style jazz band in the 1920s, then successively leading a swing combo in the 1930s, a big band in the 1940s, a Vegas lounge act in the 1950s, and a pop-rock band in the 1960s. In each of his musical endeavors, he incorporated his exuberant personality into his act.[citation needed]
Prima was from a musical family in New Orleans. His father, Anthony Prima, was the son of Leonardo Di Prima (the original family name was Di Prima), a Sicilian immigrant from Salaparuta, while his mother, Angelina Caravella, had immigrated from Ustica as a baby.
Louis Prima was the second child of Angelina Caravella and Anthony Prima. His older brother, Leon, was born in 1907. He had two younger sisters Elizabeth and Marguerite. Marguerite passed away when she was only three years old. Leon, Louis, and Elizabeth were all baptized at St. Ann's Parish. They lived in a house at 1812 St. Peter Street in New Orleans, which was mainly populated by Italians, Arabs, Jews and African Americans.
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Louise Brown
Louise Joy Brown (born 25 July 1978 in Oldham, England, UK) is the first person to be conceived by in vitro fertilization, or IVF.
Louise Brown was born at Oldham General Hospital, Oldham, via planned Caesarean section delivered by registrar John Webster. She weighed 5 pounds, 12 ounces (2.608 kg) at birth. Her parents, Lesley and John Brown, had been trying to conceive for nine years. They faced complications of blocked fallopian tubes. On 10 November 1977, Lesley Brown underwent a procedure, later to become known as IVF, developed by Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards. Edwards was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Medicine for this work. Although the media referred to Brown as a "test tube baby", her conception actually took place in a petri dish.
Her younger sister, Natalie Brown, was also conceived through IVF four years later, and became the world's fortieth IVF baby. In May 1999, Natalie was the first IVF baby to give birth herself—naturally—to her only child, daughter Casey.
In 2004, Brown married nightclub doorman Wesley Mullinder. Dr. Edwards attended their wedding. Their son Cameron, conceived naturally, was born on 20 December 2006.
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Ludwika Paleta
Ludwika Paleta (born Ludwika Paleta Paciorek on November 29, 1978) is a Polish-Mexican actress. She is the daughter of musician Zbigniew Paleta and Barbara Paciorek Paleta, and the sister of actress Dominika Paleta.
Ludwika Paleta was born in Kraków, People's Republic of Poland in 1978. When her father, the famous musician Zbigniew Paleta, was offered a job in Mexico, the Paleta family settled permanently. As a child, Ludwika was one day taken by her sister Dominika Paleta, to an acting audition and impressed the casting directors so much that soon after, she was offered her first television role in Carrusel (1989). Paleta became an instant celebrity with her character, and a sex-symbol among Mexican pre-teen boys. Three years later, in 1992, she returned to the small screen in what she calls her favorite television job yet, El abuelo y yo opposite Gael García Bernal. After a small hiatus she returned to the small screen playing the role of María de los Ángeles in María la del Barrio. Roles in Huracán, Amigas y Rivales, and Mujer de Madera soon followed. Her most recent work in television was in the Endemol-Telefe produced Los Exitosos Perez.
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Lyman Bostock
Lyman Wesley Bostock, Jr. (November 22, 1950 – September 23, 1978) was an American professional baseball player. He played Major League Baseball for four seasons, as an outfielder for the Minnesota Twins (1975–77) and California Angels (1978). He batted left-handed and threw right-handed.
Bostock's career was cut short when he was shot and killed in his hometown of Gary, Indiana.
Lyman Bostock, Jr. was born in Birmingham, Alabama, the son of Annie Pearl Bostock and Lyman Bostock, Sr. (1918–2005), a Negro Leagues professional baseball star from 1938-1954 as a left-handed first baseman. Pearl and Bostock, Sr., split when Bostock, Jr., was a young child, with Pearl relocating her son and herself first to Gary, Indiana, in 1954. In 1958, when young Bostock was eight years old, the two relocated again, this time to Los Angeles, California. The younger Bostock remained estranged from his father for the remainder of his life, feeling that his father had abandoned him.
At one point during his youth, Bostock's baseball glove was stolen. With his mother unable to afford to purchase another, he had to use a glove given to him by a friend of the family. However, the donated glove was for left-handed fielders. Bostock's discomfort in catching fly balls with the hand he was unaccustomed to using led him to begin making basket catches at that time. The habit stayed with him and he frequently made basket catches of fly balls for the remainder of his life.
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Maggie McNamara
Marguerite "Maggie" McNamara (June 18, 1928 – February 18, 1978) was an American stage, film, and television actress.
Born in New York City, McNamara was one of four children born to Irish American parents. Her mother was born in England to Irish parents. She attended Textile High School in New York and worked as a teen model while studying drama and dance. McNamara became one of the most successful models of John Robert Powers' modeling agency, and she commented on her modeling days:
In 1951, she began her acting career when she took over Barbara Bel Geddes' role as Patty O'Neill in the stage production of The Moon Is Blue. Later that year, she made her Broadway debut in The King of Friday's Men.
In 1953, she went to Hollywood to reprise her role in Otto Preminger's film version of The Moon Is Blue. Her performance earned her an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress and a BAFTA nomination for Most Promising Newcomer to Film. McNamara's second film role was in Three Coins in the Fountain (1954). Although her career started off well, she made only two more films after Three Coins. In the early 1960s, she appeared in several television shows including an episode of The Twilight Zone entitled "Ring-a-Ding Girl." McNamara's last onscreen role was in a 1964 episode of The Alfred Hitchcock Hour entitled "The Body in the Barn."
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Manne Siegbahn
Karl Manne Georg Siegbahn FRS (3 December 1886 – 26 September 1978) was a Swedish physicist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1924 "for his discoveries and research in the field of X-ray spectroscopy".
Siegbahn was born in Örebro, Sweden. He obtained his Ph.D. at the Lund University in 1911, his thesis was titled Magnetische Feldmessungen (magnetic field measurements). He was acting professor for Johannes Rydberg when his health was failing, and succeeded him as full professor in 1920.
Following his Ph.D., he started research on X-ray spectroscopy. This work continued when he moved to the University of Uppsala in 1923. He developed improved experimental apparatus which allowed him to make very accurate measurements of the X-ray wavelengths produced by atoms of different elements. He developed a convention for naming the different spectral lines that are characteristic to elements in X-ray spectroscopy, the Siegbahn notation. Siegbahn's precision measurements drove many developments in quantum theory and atomic physics.
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Manny Pacquiao
Emmanuel "Manny" Dapidran Pacquiao, PLH (English pronunciation: /ˈpæki.aʊ/ PAK-ee-ow; Tagalog: [pɐkˈjaʊ]; born December 17, 1978) is a Filipino professional boxer and politician. He is the first eight-division world champion; having won six world titles, as well as the first to win the lineal championship in four different weight classes. He was named "Fighter of the Decade" for the 2000s (decade) by the Boxing Writers Association of America (BWAA). He is also a three-time The Ring and BWAA "Fighter of the Year," winning the award in 2006, 2008 and 2009.
As of 2012, Pacquiao is the WBO Welterweight Champion. He was long rated as the best pound for pound boxer in the world by some sporting news and boxing websites, including BoxRec.com, Sporting Life and The Ring. However, in April 2012, Pacquiao dropped to number two in the rankings, behind Floyd Mayweather Jr. In their ratings ending May 7, 2012, Ring Magazine declared the top position vacant and jointly ranked Pacquiao and Mayweather in the number two spot.
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Marcelo Moretto
Marcelo Moretto de Souza, known as Moretto (born 10 May 1978 in Eldorado, Mato Grosso do Sul) is a Brazilian footballer who plays for Avaí Futebol Clube as a goalkeeper.
Moretto played four years professionally in his homecountry, representing São José Esporte Clube, Associação Portuguesa de Desportos, Londrina Esporte Clube, Sport Club do Recife, Brasiliense Futebol Clube and Clube 15 de Novembro.
In 2003, aged 25, Moretto decided to try his luck in Portugal, joining S.C. Salgueiros, at the time playing in the second division, and made a very good first impression during the team's pre-season matches. However, facing serious economical crisis, Salgueiros was relegated to the third division (north zone) and lost all of its professional players.
Forced to look for another club, Moretto joined F.C. Felgueiras (also in the second division). There, he played eight matches, conceding a total of 10 goals. Nevertheless, Moretto caught the attention of other Portuguese clubs.
In January 2005, the keeper came close playing for G.D. Estoril Praia and F.C. Penafiel (both first divisioners at the time), but ended up in Vitória de Setúbal (also in the topflight) to replace Ricardo Batista (who had signed for Premier League team Fulham) after signing a two-and-a-half year contract. At Setúbal Moretto met success for the first time. He soon became the coach's first option while the team performed above all expectations, winning the country's second most important trophy, the Portuguese Cup, after beating giants S.L. Benfica in the final.
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Marcus Bent
Marcus Nathan Bent (born 19 May 1978) is an English football striker who last played for Indonesian club Mitra Kukar in April 2012. A former England under-21 international, the journeyman striker has played for fourteen different clubs, playing 569 games and scoring 113 goals in the process. His numerous transfer fees have totalled over £10 million.
An England under-21 international, he began his career at Brentford in 1995, before he signed with Crystal Palace in 1998. The next year he joined Sheffield United via Port Vale. In 2000 he transferred to Blackburn Rovers, where he got his first taste of Premier League football, before he moved on to Ipswich Town in 2001. He spent 2003–04 on loan at Leicester City, before he transferred to Everton in 2004. Two years later he was sold on to Charlton Athletic. He spent the 2007–08 season on loan at Wigan Athletic, before he moved on to Birmingham City in 2008. He spent three years with Birmingham, during which he spent time on loan at Middlesbrough, Queens Park Rangers, Wolverhampton Wanderers, and Sheffield United. After leaving the club he spent six months in Indonesia with Mitra Kukar.
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Marcus Stroud
Marcus LaVar Stroud (born June 25, 1978 in Thomasville, Georgia) is an American Football defensive tackle who is currently a free agent. He was originally drafted by the Jacksonville Jaguars 13th overall in the 2001 NFL Draft. He played college football at Georgia. He has also been a member of the Buffalo Bills and New England Patriots.
Stroud won a state title with Brooks County High School in 1994. He appeared on the cover of Sports Illustrated in 1996 while still in high school which featured a cover story of National Signing Day. Stroud, at the time a 6′6″, 266-pound defensive end, originally gave Florida a verbal commitment but changed his mind after Bulldogs coach Ray Goff was fired in November 1995. After heavy pursuit from new Georgia coach Jim Donnan, Stroud switched back to Georgia on Signing Day.
Marcus played college football for the University of Georgia. At Georgia, his teammates included future NFL players Jonas Jennings, Kendrell Bell, Will Witherspoon, Richard Seymour, Tony Gilbert, Johnathan Sullivan, Charles Grant, Josh Mallard and Jamie Henderson.
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Margaret Mead
Margaret Mead (December 16, 1901 – November 15, 1978) was an American cultural anthropologist, who was frequently a featured writer and speaker in the mass media throughout the 1960s and 1970s. She earned her bachelor degree at Barnard College in New York City, and her M.A. and Ph.D. degrees from Columbia University.
She was both a popularizer of the insights of anthropology into modern American and Western culture and a respected, if controversial, academic anthropologist. Her reports about the attitudes towards sex in South Pacific and Southeast Asian traditional cultures amply informed the 1960s sexual revolution. Mead was a champion of broadened sexual mores within a context of traditional western religious life.
An Anglican Christian, she played a considerable part in the drafting of the 1979 American Episcopal Book of Common Prayer.
Mead, the first of five children, was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, but raised in Doylestown. Her father, Edward Sherwood Mead, was a professor of finance at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, and her mother, Emily (Fogg) Mead, was a sociologist who studied Italian immigrants. Her sister Katharine (1906–1907) died at the age of nine months. This was a traumatic event for Mead, who had named this baby, and thoughts of her lost sister permeated her daydreams for many years. Her family moved frequently, so her early education alternated between home-schooling and traditional schools. Born into a family of varying religious outlooks, she searched for a form of religion that gave an expression of the faith that she had been formally acquainted with, Christianity. In doing so, she found the rituals of the Episcopal Church to fit the expression of religion she was seeking. Margaret studied one year, 1919, at DePauw University, then transferred to Barnard College where she earned her bachelor's degree in 1923.
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Maria Menounos
Maria Menounos (Greek:Μαρία Μενούνου) (born June 8, 1978) is an American actress, journalist, television presenter and occasional professional wrestler known in The United States for her appearances as a correspondent for Today, Access Hollywood, Extra, and abroad for co-hosting the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 in Athens, Greece.
Menounos was born in Medford, Massachusetts, to Greek immigrant parents Costas and Litsa Menounos. She has a younger brother, Peter, and is fluent in the Greek language. From age 13–19, she was an employee of Dunkin' Donuts. Menounos attended the Dormition of the Virgin Mary Greek Orthodox Church in Somerville, Massachusetts. Menounos attended Medford High School in Medford, MA. In 1995, Menounos began to compete in beauty pageants. The following year, she won the title of Miss Massachusetts Teen USA and competed at Miss Teen USA where she placed in the top 15, receiving an honorary mention, during the preliminary competition; Menounos placed 13th in preliminaries. The pageant was won by Christie Lee Woods. Maria competed for the title of Miss Massachusetts USA 2000; she was the 1st runner up.
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Marisa Miller
Marisa Lee Miller (née Bertetta; born August 6, 1978) is an American model best known for her appearances in the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issues and her work for lingerie retailer Victoria's Secret. After a stint shooting with photographer Mario Testino for fashion magazines like Vogue, Miller began working for both companies in 2002. In 2007, she became a Victoria's Secret Angel, and graced the cover of the 2008 Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue to record-setting numbers. Her accomplishments have led to her being dubbed the "return of the great American supermodel."
She is also known for contracts with companies like Harley-Davidson, for whom she is the first spokesperson in the history of the company, and the NFL, whom she became a spokesperson for in 2010 . Miller is considered a sex symbol; she ranked #1 on Maxim magazine's 2008 "Hot 100" list and in FHM's global 2010 "Sexiest Women in the World" poll. Aside from modeling, she is an ambassador for both the American Cancer Society and the USO.
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Mariusz Jop
Mariusz Jop [ˈmarjuʂ ˈjɔp] (born 3 August 1978 in Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski) is a retired Polish footballer who played as a defender.
Jop started out playing for KSZO Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski. He won the Polish League Championship with Wisła Kraków in the 2000/01, 2002/03 and 2003/04 seasons. While playing in FC Moscow he become the first Pole to score a goal in the Russian Premier League. On 11 July 2009 Wisła Kraków have signed the Polish national team defender, who was a free agent after terminating his contract with FC Moscow.
Jop was selected to the 23-men national team for the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals in Germany. He was also included in the Polish Euro 2008 squad and made one appearance in a group match against Austria.
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Mark Medlock
Mark Medlock (born 9 July 1978 in Frankfurt, Hesse) is a German singer and the winner of the season 4 of Deutschland sucht den Superstar (DSDS), the German version of Pop Idol.
Medlock is the elder of two siblings born to an African-American father from Georgia, Larry Medlock, and a German mother, Monika, in Frankfurt am Main, Hesse. Mark and his brother Larry were raised in a semi-poor home in the Lohwaldsiedlung neighborhood of Offenbach am Main during their formative years, before eventually moving to the Lauterborn neighborhood in 1997. At the age of six, Medlock began singing gospel, widely influenced by his father and soul singers such as James Brown and Barry White.
At the end of the 1990s his mother fell sick with cancer. Medlock subsequently left school and cared for her until her death in 2000. Two years later his father died of a heart attack. In the meantime Mark made a living with various jobs, including employment as a geriatric orderly, gardener, swamper and garbage remover.
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Mark Robson
Mark Robson (4 December 1913 – 20 June 1978) was a Canadian-born film editor, film director and producer in Hollywood.
Born in Montreal, Quebec, he moved to the United States at a young age. He studied at the University of California, Los Angeles then found work in the prop department at 20th Century Fox studios. He eventually went to work at RKO Pictures where he began training as a film editor. In 1940 he worked as an assistant to Robert Wise on the editing of Citizen Kane in addition to several other films. Both he and Wise benefited tremendously from producer and screenwriter Val Lewton, who promoted Robson from film editor to production assistant and later as director. In 1943, at the insistence of Lewton, Robson assisted Lewton and director Jacques Tourneur in a series of low-budget horror films produced by Val Lewton, including Cat People and I Walked with a Zombie. Later, Lewton was instrumental in promoting Robson to the director's chair for films such as The Seventh Victim (1943), Robson's first directing credit, and the troubled Isle of the Dead (1945).
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Masao Koga
Masao Koga (古賀 政男, Koga Masao?, November 18, 1904 – July 25, 1978) was a Japanese composer and guitarist known for creating melodies, and a pioneer of Japanese popular music. He was regarded as a notable figure for establishing the genre enka, though Koga considered that he was a ryūkōka composer. He wrote numerous songs for Ichiro Fujiyama and Hibari Misora, and his work has been featured in various films, including Come See the Paradise, and Memoirs of a Geisha. He was the head of the "Japanese Society of Rights of Authors, Composers and Publishers" from 1964 to 1978. A museum was built in Shibuya to honor his achievements, and visitors to the Koga Masao Museum of Music (古賀政男音楽博物館, Koga Masao Ongaku Hakubutsukan?) are able to view exhibits, and memorabilia featuring his work.
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Masuimi Max
Masuimi Max (born March 12, 1978) is an American fetish model of Korean and German descent. Born at Little Rock Air Force Base in Jacksonville, Arkansas, Masuimi's father was a career Air Force man, with her early years spent traveling all over the world, and her teenage years growing up in Las Vegas, Nevada.
Masuimi is a fire performer, burlesque dancer, fetish model, pinup model, and is also the current spokesmodel for Pinup Girl Clothing.
Ms. Max has appeared in dozens of magazines and photoshoots, as well as music videos. She also models for many companies around the world, Harley Davidson, Coffin Case, Pinup Girl Clothing, Murray & Vern latex, Bibian Blue corsets amongst many others. Masuimi has appeared in several movies, including Here Lies Lonely (1999) and The Devil's Muse (2007) and was widely seen in XXX: State of the Union (2005). She also makes personal appearances at car shows. Max appeared in the Tiger Army music video "Rose of the Devil's Garden" and as a contestant in the reality television game show Fear Factor where she ate a potato bug. She also has a brief cameo at the end of the movie Inland Empire by David Lynch as a girl with the blonde wig who has a monkey. In 2011, she made a brief cameo appearance in the SuperHeavy video for "Miracle Worker."
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Mat Kearney
Mathew William "Mat" Kearney ( /ˈkɑrni/; born December 1, 1978) is an American musician born in Eugene, Oregon, now based in Nashville, Tennessee. Kearney has received critical acclaim and widespread recognition for his Columbia Records debut, Nothing Left to Lose. So far, he has a total of four top 20 hits on the Adult Top 40 Chart.
His most recent album, Young Love, was released on August 2, 2011. The album's first single, "Hey Mama," was released on May 10, 2011.
Mat was born and raised in Eugene, Oregon with his two brothers. Through his mother he is a sixth generation Oregonian and his father's family immigrated from Ireland during the Irish Potato Famine. In high school, Mat devoted much of his time to painting, graffiti, soccer, poetry, and music, though he was not playing music at the time. His favorite artists growing up ranged from A Tribe Called Quest to Bob Dylan.
He attended California State University, Chico in Chico, California where he majored in literature and played soccer until his junior year. It was also at this time when Mat picked up a guitar for the first time. Using a roommate's guitar, he tried covering other songs. Realizing he was not too good at it, he began writing his own. Though things were going well for Kearney at school, Chico caught up to him. At a school known for its partying, Mat fit right in. In an interview, Mat said, "I guess I lived it up and did what everyone said you should do in college. I discovered the depth of depravity, the bleakness of that lifestyle. It just wasn’t working. I finally started understanding there must be more to life." Mat continued, "God found me when I was at my lowest point. That was the first time in my life when I really felt like I understood who Jesus was- it was more than knowing about Him, I felt like He met me in that time and place."
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Mathew Horne
Mathew Frazer Horne (born 6 September 1978) is an English actor, stand-up comedian, television presenter and narrator best known for appearing on several BBC sketch shows and sitcoms, most notably Gavin & Stacey portraying Gavin Shipman, The Catherine Tate Show, 20 Things to do Before You're 30, Teachers and Horne and Corden.
Horne was born in Burton Joyce, a village to the east of Nottingham, to Brian Horne and Glenis Reynolds. Horne has an elder brother, Daniel, and attended Burton Joyce Primary school, a small school not far from his home. He studied A level performing arts at Southwell Minster School, and a degree in Drama at the University of Manchester. Here, Horne met Bruce Mackinnon in the first few weeks of term; they realised that they shared a similar sense of humour, but did not write material together until the third year of their studies.
Horne began his career as a stand-up comedian and later became one half of the comedy duo Mat and MacKinnon – first performing at the Edinburgh Festival in 2000. He was spotted at the festival by Catherine Tate who invited him to perform in The Catherine Tate Show.
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Matt Dusk
Matt Dusk (born November 19, 1978) is a Canadian jazz musician / vocalist. He currently has two certified gold albums: Two Shots and Good News, and three number one radio hits: "Back in Town," "All About Me", and "Good News."
Matthew-Aaron Dusk was born in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on November 19, 1978. From an early age, Matt Dusk wanted to become a performer. At the age of seven, he was accepted into St. Michael's Choir School, where he remained for eleven years. Originally Dusk performed opera and classical music but after hearing Tony Bennett and Sarah Vaughan records at the age of 17 he began to change his musical style and direction. In 1998, he won the top spot in the Canadian National Exhibition Rising Star Competition, beating out 654 contestants. However, Dusk was on a path to take over the family business, and in 1998 went to Toronto's York University to study economics. After spending a year in the economics department, Dusk could not forget his passion for music and in 1999 changed programs to study for a BFA in music, where his emphasis was squarely on jazz and popular music. He studied jazz theory with John Gittins, jazz vocal with Bob Fenton, and attended masterclasses with Oscar Peterson. Dusk was also awarded the university’s Oscar Peterson Scholarship and in 2002 graduated with an honors degree in music.
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Matthew Goode
Matthew William Goode (born 3 April 1978) is an English actor. His notable films have included Chasing Liberty, Match Point, Watchmen, Brideshead Revisited, Leap Year, Imagine Me and You, and A Single Man.
Born in Exeter, Devon, England, Goode is the youngest child of five siblings (he has a brother, two half brothers, and a half sister, television presenter Sally Meen, from his mother's other marriage). He grew up in the village of Clyst St. Mary in Devon with a geologist father and a nurse mother, Jennifer, who was also an amateur theatre director.
Goode was educated at Exeter School, an independent school in the city of Exeter in Devon, followed by the University of Birmingham and London's Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art.
Goode is known for his role as romantic interest of Mandy Moore's character in the 2004 film Chasing Liberty. Beforehand, Goode had played the brother of Inspector Lynley in the BBC production Inspector Lynley Mysteries: A Suitable Vengeance and had parts in the TV-movie Confessions of an Ugly Stepsister and the Shakespeare play The Tempest. In recent years he has appeared in the films Match Point, Imagine Me & You, My Family and Other Animals, opposite Imelda Staunton, Copying Beethoven, opposite Ed Harris and Diane Kruger, and The Lookout. Standing the test of time is his whimsical take on Brooke Burgess in the BBC serial based upon Anthony Trollope's He Knew He was Right.
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Matthew Lloyd
Matthew James Lloyd (born 16 April 1978) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for and was the captain of the Essendon Football Club in the Australian Football League. Lloyd is currently an assistant coach at the AIS-AFL Academy and an AFL commentator.
A highly decorated full-forward, Lloyd's Australian Football League honours include seventh highest goalkicker in VFL/AFL history, Coleman Medals as leading goalkicker for three seasons, life membership as well as winning both the Mark of the Year and Goal of the Year awards. Lloyd also belongs to the small group of players whose first kick in the AFL resulted in a goal as well as players to have kicked the "ton" – over 100 goals in a season – twice. Among his representative honours are five All-Australian selections, twice representing Australia in International rules football and a member of the Victorian state team.
As well as being the top all-time goal scorer, captain and life member at Essendon, Lloyd's club honours include a premiership medallion in 2000.
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Matthew Morrison
Matthew James Morrison (born October 30, 1978) is an American actor, dancer, musician, and singer-songwriter. He is best known for starring in multiple Broadway and Off-Broadway productions, including his portrayal of Link Larkin in Hairspray on Broadway, and most notably for his Emmy and Golden Globe nominated role as Will Schuester on the Fox television show Glee (2009–present). He has also received a Satellite Award for this role.
Matthew Morrison was born in Fort Ord, California, and raised in Orange County, and is of Scottish heritage. He was part of the Collaborative Arts Project 21 (CAP21) and the Orange County High School of the Arts, while at the Los Alamitos High School campus. While in high school, he did a musical with actress Jodie Sweetin. He attended New York University's Tisch School of the Arts for two years before dropping out and joining the Broadway adaptation of Footloose.
By freshman year of college Morrison already was a regular performer on Broadway. He states in Details "There were all these beautiful, beautiful dancers. As a straight guy I had some room. There were the shared interests in singing and dancing, and I always find dancing with someone very erotic and sexual. I definitely hooked up with a lot of girls when I was a young guy on Broadway. It was fun, I guess. Very joyous and free."
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Mavis Hutchinson
Mavis Hutchison (born 24 November 1924) is a South African athlete.
Her career began as a race walker, and her first record was in the 50-mile Rand Daily Mail Big Walk in 1963 (9 hours 35 minutes). That same year she was timed over the standard marathon distance of 42.2 km, but took about ten minutes longer than Violet Piercy had done in 1926, and 13 minutes longer than Merry Lepper's time a few months later.
In 1965 she was (as an unofficial entrant) the third woman in history to finish the 90 km of the Comrades Marathon, and the first since the 1930s. In later years she completed the race seven more times (1966, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1981).
She went on to set new women's world records for the 100-mile and 24 hour run in 1971, and for the 100-mile and 24-hour walk in 1973. In 1973 Mavis became the first woman to run the 602 km from Germiston (near Johannesburg) to Durban in 1973, following this with the 'up' run from Durban to Germiston the following year. By this time she was well known in South Africa as the 'Galloping Granny'. In 1975 she took a bit over 22 days to run the 1000 miles from Pretoria, South Africa's administrative capital, to Cape Town, the legislative capital. That same year she entered the Comrades for the first time as an official participant, even though the Pretoria to Cape Town run had left her in poor shape for the race, but dropped out toward the end when she realized she would finish outside the maximum allowed time of 11 hours. In 1976 she ran from Germiston to Cape Town (about the same distance), beating her previous time by more than three days, and in 1977 she ran from Messina, on South Africa's northern border, to Johannesburg.
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Maybelle Carter
"Mother" Maybelle Carter (May 10, 1909 – October 23, 1978) was an American country musician. She is best known as a member of the historic Carter Family act in the 1920s and 1930s and also as a member of Mother Maybelle and the Carter Sisters.
Maybelle Carter was born Maybelle Addington on May 10, 1909 in Nickelsville, Virginia, the daughter of Hugh Jackson Addington and Margaret S. Kilgore. According to family lore, the Addington family of Virginia is descended from former British prime minister Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth.
On March 13, 1926, Maybelle married Ezra J. Carter. They had three daughters, Helen, Valerie June (better known in later life as June Carter Cash), and Anita.
She was a member of the original Carter Family, which was formed in 1927 by her brother-in-law, A. P. Carter, who was married to her cousin, Sara, also a part of the trio. The Carter Family was one of the first commercial rural country music groups. Maybelle, who played autoharp and banjo as well as being the group's guitarist, created a unique sound for the group with her innovative 'scratch' style of guitar playing, where she used her thumb to play melody on the bass and middle strings, and her index finger to fill out the rhythm. Although Maybelle herself had first picked up this technique from the guitarist Leslie Riddle, it became widely known as Carter Family picking, an indication of the group's pivotal role in popularizing the style.
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Menachem Begin
Menachem Begin (help·info) (Hebrew: מְנַחֵם בֵּגִין, Polish: Mieczysław Biegun, Arabic: مناحيم بيغن Munahayyim Beeghin, Russian: Менахем Вольфович Бегин Menakhem Vol'fovich Begin, 16 August 1913 – 9 March 1992) was a politician, founder of Likud and the sixth Prime Minister of the State of Israel. Before independence, he was the leader of the Zionist militant group Irgun, the Revisionist breakaway from the larger Jewish paramilitary organization Haganah. He proclaimed a revolt, on 1 February 1944, against the British mandatory government, which was opposed by the Jewish Agency. As head of the Irgun, he targeted the British in Palestine.
Begin was elected to the first Knesset, as head of Herut, the party he founded, and was at first on the political fringe, embodying the opposition to the Mapai-led government and Israeli establishment. He remained in opposition in the eight consecutive elections (except for a national unity government around the Six-Day War), but became more acceptable to the political center. His 1977 electoral victory and premiership ended three decades of Labour Party political dominance. He probably served as Opposition Leader longer than anyone in the history of modern democratic politics.
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Michelle Rodriguez
Mayte Michelle Rodríguez (born July 12, 1978), known professionally as Michelle Rodriguez, is an American actress. Following on from her breakthrough role in 2000's Girlfight, she is best known for playing tough-girl roles and starring in Hollywood blockbusters such as The Fast and the Furious (2001), Resident Evil (2002), S.W.A.T. (2003), Avatar (2009), Machete (2010) and Battle: Los Angeles (2011), as well as for her role as Ana Lucia Cortez in the television series Lost (2005–2006, 2009, 2010).
Michelle Rodriguez was born in San Antonio, Texas. Her mother, Carmen Milady (née Pared Espinal), is a native of the Dominican Republic, and her father, Rafael Rodriguez, is Puerto Rican and served in the United States Army. She has a total of ten siblings and half-siblings. She was partly raised by her devoutly religious maternal grandmother and was brought up a Jehovah's Witness (her mother's religion), though she has since abandoned that faith.
Rodriguez moved to the Dominican Republic with her mother when she was eight and lived in Puerto Rico until the age of eleven, later settling in Jersey City, New Jersey. She dropped out of high school but later earned her GED;[citation needed] in total she was expelled from five schools. Rodriguez briefly attended business school before quitting to pursue a career in acting, with the ultimate goal of becoming a writer and director.
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Mike Bibby
Michael "Mike" Bibby (born May 13, 1978) is an American professional basketball point guard with the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association. He is 6'2" and he attended Shadow Mountain High School in Phoenix, Arizona. He played collegiately at the University of Arizona. In 1998, he was drafted by the Vancouver Grizzlies. He has played for that team as well as the Sacramento Kings, Atlanta Hawks, Washington Wizards and Miami Heat. He is the son of former NBA point guard and present Memphis Grizzlies assistant coach Henry Bibby.
As a freshman at Arizona, Bibby helped lead the Wildcats to the NCAA championship in 1997, scoring 20 points in the title game versus the University of Kentucky. Bibby and his father are one of three father-son duos to each win an NCAA basketball championship. Following his sophomore season, Bibby entered the 1998 NBA Draft and was selected by the Vancouver Grizzlies with the second overall pick.
In his first season with the Grizzlies, Bibby averaged 13.2 points, 6.5 assists and 2.7 rebounds per game earning NBA All-Rookie honors during the season which was abbreviated by a labor dispute. He improved those numbers in his next two seasons with the team, averaging 14.5 and 15.9 points per game, but the Grizzlies continued to struggle. On June 27, 2001, just after the Grizzlies had re-located to Memphis, Bibby and Brent Price were traded to the Sacramento Kings for Jason Williams and Nick Anderson.
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Mike Gazella
Michael Gazella (October 13, 1895 – September 11, 1978) was an American major league baseball player who played for the New York Yankees on several championship teams in the 1920s.
Born in Olyphant, Pennsylvania, Gazella played football as well as baseball at Lafayette College and Mansfield University of Pennsylvania. In 1923, he was signed by New York and played in eight games for the Yankees that season. Consigned to the minor leagues in 1924 and 1925, he played for teams in Minneapolis and Atlanta before rejoining New York in the 1926 season as a utility infielder, usually playing third base.
The Yankees played in the World Series every year Gazella was on the team, winning three. However, Gazella played in only the 1926 Series, in which the Yankees lost to the St. Louis Cardinals.
After retiring, Gazella managed the Ponca City Angels of the Western Association and the Moline Plowboys of the Three-I League, as well as scouted for the Yankees.
Gazella died in an automobile accident in Odessa, Texas on September 11, 1978.
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Mike Tindall
Michael James Tindall, MBE (born 18 October 1978) is an English rugby player who plays outside centre for Gloucester Rugby and has captained the England team. He is married to Zara Phillips, the daughter of the Princess Royal and the eldest granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II.
Tindall was born in Otley, Leeds, West Yorkshire, and was educated at the private school, fee-paying Queen Elizabeth Grammar School, Wakefield, while his father Phil captained Otley.
Tindall joined Bath straight from school, as an 18-year-old in 1997. At that point the centre pairing at Bath and England were Jeremy Guscott and Phil de Glanville. But after the 1999 Rugby World Cup, Tindall played regularly at both club and country level, making his debut against Ireland at Twickenham in 2000 alongside Mike Catt.
Despite criticism over the years, in particular from Will Carling and ex-Bath fly-half Stuart Barnes, he cemented the outside centre position as his own with a partnership with inside centre Will Greenwood, playing in the 2003 Rugby World Cup. Tindall played in the number 12 jersey and played at outside centre, with Greenwood in the number 13. The shirt numbers often misled people into thinking they played the other way round but Tindall usually lined up outside Greenwood. He was dropped for the semi-final in favour of Mike Catt, whose kicking was required in the rainy weather, but Tindall was reinstated in the final.
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Mirei Kuroda
Mirei Kuroda (黒田 美礼, Kuroda Mirei?, born 20 April 1978, in Saitama, Japan) is a famous busty Japanese swimsuit model. She was Fuji Television's "Visual Queen of the Year" in 1996.
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Miroslav Klose
Miroslav Josef Klose (German pronunciation: [ˈmɪʁoslaf ˈkloːzə] ( listen)) (Mirosław Marian Kloze IPA: [miˈrɔswaf ˈklɔzɛ]) (born 9 June 1978) is a German footballer who plays as a striker for Lazio in the Serie A. Since bursting onto the international stage at the 2002 World Cup, he has become well known for his knack of scoring headers, front-flip goal celebrations, and decisive short passing.
Klose holds German nationality and has played 113 times and scored 63 goals for Germany. With five goals, he was the top scorer and Golden Boot winner at the 2006 World Cup in Germany, the first German player to win the award since reunification. Klose also scored five goals in his debut World Cup, the 2002 World Cup, all of which were headers. He scored four times in 2010 World Cup, giving him a total of 14 World Cup goals and putting him joint second along with Gerd Müller on the list of FIFA World Cup goalscorers.
Klose is also the only player to have scored five or more goals in consecutive World Cups, as well as the only player to have scored at least four in three different tournaments.
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Mizuki Noguchi
Mizuki Noguchi (野口 みずき, Noguchi Mizuki?, born July 3, 1978) is a Japanese professional long-distance runner who specialises in the marathon event. She is an Olympic champion over the distance and set two world records in 2005.
Initially starting out as a track and cross country athlete, her first major success was becoming the Asian cross country champion at age 21. She soon switched to road running, however, focusing on the half marathon. She won the individual and team silver medals at the 1999 IAAF World Half Marathon Championships, and won a second team silver with a fourth place finish at the same competition in 2000.
A switch to the marathon event demonstrated her talents further: she won the Nagoya and Osaka Women's Marathons, and took the silver medal in the marathon at the 2003 World Championships in Athletics. Her good form continued and she became the Olympic champion in the marathon at the 2004 Athens Olympics. She won the Berlin Marathon the following year, setting world records at 25 km and 30 km along the way, and finishing with a personal best of 2:19:12 – a new Asian record for the distance. The 25K world record was beaten by Mary Keitany of Kenya in 2010, who ran the distance in 1:19:53 hours.
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Morgan Webb
Morgan Ailis Webb (born October 5, 1978) is an American co-host and senior segment producer of the G4 show X-Play, and host of the show G4 Underground. She was previously the host of the podcast WebbAlert and a monthly columnist for the United States edition of FHM, where she contributed a monthly video game column titled "Tips from the Gaming Goddess".
Webb attended UC Berkeley from 1996 to 2000. She developed computer skills in her free time there, and after graduating from college, worked for a dot-com company as a website administrator. After the company went under during the dot-com bubble burst of 2000, her friend Catherine Schwartz got her hired at TechTV in 2001, and Webb became employed as the associate producer and web researcher for The Screen Savers. Throughout 2002 and 2003, she also regularly co-hosted TechTV's Call for Help with Chris Pirillo. In April 2003, Webb left The Screen Savers to co-host X-Play with Adam Sessler.
Webb is one of only six TechTV personalities, including Adam Sessler, Sarah Lane, Chi-Lan Lieu, Kevin Rose, and Brendan Moran, to survive the massive layoffs resulting from the May 2004 merger of G4 and TechTV. Only Sessler and Webb remained with the network after G4's change in format. After Sessler resigned in April 2012, Webb is now the only original TechTV personality remaining on the network.
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Myleene Klass
Myleene Angela Quinn (née Klass; born 6 April 1978) is an English singer, pianist, media personality and occasional model. She was formerly a member of the defunct British pop band Hear'Say. Her net worth was estimated at £11 million in April 2012.
Klass was born in Gorleston, Norfolk, England to an Anglo-Austrian father and a Filipina mother. She comes from six generations of classical musicians on her father's side: Klass's grandmother was an opera singer and her grandfather left his violin to her, which she went on to play. Klass began to learn the piano and violin from the age of four and then the harp at 12. She took Associated Board of the Royal Schools of Music exams in violin, piano and voice. She received an A grade in A-level music, and became a Norfolk County scholar.
Klass attended St. Mary's Roman Catholic Primary School, then Cliff Park High school in Gorleston, before going to Notre Dame High School, Norwich for a short time.[citation needed] While at school, she spent her Saturdays studying singing at the Junior Department of the Guildhall School of Music and Drama,[citation needed] and later took a musical theatre course at the Royal Academy of Music, University of London.[citation needed]
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Mía Maestro
Mía Maestro (born June 19, 1978) is an Argentine actress and singer. She is best known for her role as Nadia Santos in the television drama Alias, and as Christina Kahlo in Frida.
Mía Maestro was born in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 1978. She has accrued a selection of wide ranging film credits since she made her screen debut in Carlos Saura’s Tango, which received Golden Globe and Academy Award nominations for best foreign film. Initially trained in Argentina, Maestro traveled to Berlin to develop a vocal repertoire of the works of Kurt Weill and Hans Eisler. Her first proper acting turn was in the play The Summer Trilogy by Carlo Goldoni, and by 1998, she secured the coveted role of 'Lulu' in Frank Wedekind’s Pandora’s Box at the San Martin Theater in her hometown Buenos Aires. For this she garnered an "Ace" Award for Best New Artist of the Year.
In 2004 she joined the cast of ABC’s critically acclaimed series Alias for two seasons. In the same year, Maestro also appeared in the Argentine film, La Niña Santa (aka The Holy Girl), directed by Lucrecia Martel, as well as the Focus Features film The Motorcycle Diaries, (Golden Globe nominee 2005 Best Foreign Film) based on the journals of Che Guevara, leader of the Cuban Revolution. The film was directed by Walter Salles (Central Station), and stars Gael Garcia Bernal and Rodrigo de la Serna. Maestro has starred as a victim of a kidnapping in Venezuela in Jonathan Jakubowicz’s thriller Secuestro Express, released by Miramax. In December 2005, she starred in Prince's music video for "Te Amo Corazón" which was directed by her friend Salma Hayek.
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Nancy Spungen
Nancy Laura Spungen (February 27, 1958 – October 12, 1978) was the girlfriend of Sex Pistols bassist Sid Vicious. Spungen has been the subject of controversy among music historians and fans of the Sex Pistols.
Spungen was born at the University of Pennsylvania Hospital in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Frank and Deborah Spungen. She was born with severe cyanosis and nearly died of oxygen deprivation after being choked by her umbilical cord during delivery. She was spared from brain damage and released from the hospital eight days after birth. The Spungens were a middle class Jewish family that resided in Lower Moreland Township, a suburb of Philadelphia. Her father was a traveling salesman; her mother later owned an organic food store called The Earth Shop in nearby Jenkintown, Pennsylvania.
She was a difficult baby, throwing crying fits and temper tantrums late into childhood. At three months old, she was prescribed a liquid barbiturate by a pediatrician, but her violent behavior persisted. In an interview, Deborah Spungen stated, "I know it's normal for babies to scream, but Nancy did nothing but scream."
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Nate Richert
Nathaniel Eric "Nate" Richert (born April 28, 1978) is an American musician and former actor.
Richert was born in Saint Paul, Minnesota to Wayne and Laura Richert. He has a younger sister named Crystal, born in 1982. He resided in North Saint Paul, Minnesota and went to North High School.
Richert is best known for his seven-year role as Harvey Kinkle, the love interest and boyfriend of the title character on the live-action television series of Sabrina, the Teenage Witch opposite Melissa Joan Hart. He temporarily left the show at the end of the fourth season in 2000. However, during the fifth season, he appeared occasionally with a cameo. In 2001, during the sixth season, Richert appeared regularly once again until the show ended with its seventh season in 2003.
Richert works as a musician with C. Duck Anderson in a bluegrass/Americana duo.
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Ne Win
Ne Win (Burmese: နေဝင်း IPA: [nè wɪ́ɴ]; born on 24 May or 14 May 1911 or 10 July 1910 – 5 December 2002) was a Burmese politician and military commander. He was Prime Minister of Burma from 1958 to 1960 and 1962 to 1974 and also head of state from 1962 to 1981. He also was the founder and from 1962 to 1988 the chairman of the Burma Socialist Programme Party, which from 1964 until 1988 was the sole political party in the Burmese nation state.
Ne Win's date of birth is not known with certainty. The English language publication Who's Who in Burma published in 1961 by People's Literature House, Rangoon, stated that Ne Win was born on 24 May 1911. Dr. Maung Maung stated in the Burmese version of his book Burma and General Ne Win, also published in English, that Ne Win was born on 14 May 1911. However, in a book written in Burmese titled The Thirty Comrades, the author Kyaw Nyein gave Ne Win's date of birth as 10 July 1910.
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Neal Obermeyer
Neal Obermeyer (March 12, 1978) is an editorial cartoonist for the Lincoln Journal-Star, the San Diego Reader, and the Omaha Reader. He currently resides in Omaha, Nebraska, United States.
Obermeyer was born on March 12, 1978 in Auburn, Nebraska. He was raised on a farm around Auburn. During his time there he was very active in many extra-curricular activities, but most notably for Cross Country and Journalism. He graduated from Auburn High School as Valedictorian of the class of 1996.
It was during this time that he began his first cartoon serial, "The Adventures of Planarian Man," which was published in the Auburn Press-Tribune.
He later went on to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He continued some work with Planarian Man, but also became the editorial cartoonist for the Daily Nebraskan (the University of Nebraska's paper) and a disc jockey on KRNU (the University of Nebraska's radio station).
Obermeyer has been an editorial cartoonist since 1999.1 He started at the Daily Nebraskan. After graduation he moved to San Diego and started cartooning for the San Diego Reader in January 2002.
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Nelly Furtado
Nelly Kim Furtado (born December 2, 1978) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, record producer and actress. Furtado first gained fame with her debut album, Whoa, Nelly!, and its single "I'm Like a Bird", which won a 2001 Juno Award for Single of the Year and a 2002 Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. Her second studio album, Folklore, was released. It was less commercially successful in the US but produced three international singles: "Powerless (Say What You Want)", "Try", and "Força" (the theme of the 2004 European Football Championship). Her third studio album, Loose was her biggest success worldwide. It produced the number-one hits "Promiscuous", "Maneater", "Say It Right" and "All Good Things (Come to an End)". After a three-year break, she released her first full-length Spanish album, Mi Plan. For Mi Plan, Furtado received the Latin Grammy for Best Female Pop Vocal Album. Furtado's fourth English-language studio album, The Spirit Indestructible, is set for release on September 18, 2012.
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Neville Wran
Neville Kenneth Wran, AC, CNZM, QC (born 11 October 1926) was the Premier of New South Wales from 1976 until 1986. He was National President of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) from 1980 to 1986 and Chairman of both the Lionel Murphy Foundation and the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) from 1986 to 1991.
Wran was born in the Sydney suburb of Paddington and educated at Nicholson Street Public School, Balmain, Fort St Boys' High and the University of Sydney, where, ironically enough, he was a member of the Liberal Club, and from which he gained a Bachelor of Laws in 1948. He was admitted as a solicitor in 1951, called to the Bar in 1957, and became a Queen's Counsel in 1968.
He began his political career in 1970 when he became a member of the upper house of the Parliament of New South Wales, the Legislative Council. Three years afterwards, he moved to the lower house, the Legislative Assembly, in the seat of Bass Hill, He then challenged Pat Hills for the state leadership of the ALP (which Hills had held since 1968). With support from right-wing powerbroker John Ducker and his left-wing running mate Jack Ferguson. There were two rounds to the leadership vote which resulted in a tie between Hills and Wran in the second ballot. However it was ruled that in the event of a tie in the second ballot, the candidate who won the most votes in the first ballot would be declared the winner. Since Wran won one vote more than Hills in the first ballot, Wran was therefore declared the new leader.
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Nicky Byrne
Nicholas Bernard James Adam Byrne, Jr (born 9 October 1978) is a singer-songwriter, radio and TV presenter and former footballer. From 1998 until 2012 he was the oldest member of Irish pop band, Westlife.
Before his music career, he played professional football and represented Republic of Ireland at several underage levels. Since then he has had a successful international radio and TV presenting career. His wife Georgina is the daughter of former Irish Taoiseach, Bertie Ahern, and they have twin sons called Rocco Bertie Byrne and Jay Nicky Byrne.
Byrne was a footballer who played for Home Farm and St. Kevins Boys in North Dublin. He became a professional football player, and joined Leeds United as a goalkeeper in 1995, and was a squad member of the FA Youth Cup winning team of 1997
He played for Leeds for two years, leaving when his contract expired in June 1997. He played in a reserve game for Scarborough F.C. and in a trial game with Cambridge United before returning to join Dublin club Shelbourne. He then signed for Cobh Ramblers playing 11 games, then St. Francis F.C., all in Ireland's League of Ireland.
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Nicolas Bentley
Nicolas Clerihew Bentley (14 June 1907 – 14 August 1978) was a British author and illustrator famous for his humorous cartoon drawings in books and magazines in the 1930s and 1940s. He was born in Highgate the son of Edmund Clerihew Bentley (the inventor of the clerihew verse form); he was born with the name Nicholas but opted to change the spelling. He married Barbara Hastings (1908–1989), a writer of children's books and the daughter of Sir Patrick Gardiner Hastings on 17 October 1934, and they had one child, Arabella in 1943.
Bentley was educated at University College School where he left at the age of 17, having decided that his academic abilities would not take him to university. He then enrolled at Heatherley's School of Fine Art, a prestigious private college, but left after a few months. After leaving Heatherley's, Bentley worked without pay as a clown in a circus; when this job ended he was a film extra, and during the General Strike of 1926 he worked on the London Underground.
It was at this time that Bentley sold his first drawing to his godfather, G. K. Chesterton. He had a commission to draw illustrations for a trade newspaper called Man and his clothes in 1928, and his first regular job as an illustrator was in the publicity department of Shell. Bentley worked for Shell for three years but disliked working in advertising. In 1930, Hilaire Belloc (who was a friend of his father) invited him to illustrate his book New Cautionary Tales. The good critical reception of this book and its illustrations allowed him to go freelance.
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Nicole Scherzinger
Nicole Prescovia Elikolani Valiente Scherzinger (born June 29, 1978) is an American singer, songwriter, dancer, record producer, model and actress. Scherzinger is well known as the lead singer of the Pussycat Dolls. Previously, Scherzinger was a backing vocalist for the late-1990s rock group Days of the New and was a part of reality TV girl group Eden's Crush. After the disbandment of the group, she joined the Pussycat Dolls and became the group's lead vocalist during their transition into a career in music.
The Pussycat Dolls rose to prominence when they enlisted Scherzinger as their lead front woman of the group. When Scherzinger joined the now multi-platinum group, they became a worldwide phenomenon, releasing two albums, PCD (2008) and Doll Domination (2008) and embarked on several concert tours. With her strong vocal range, Scherzinger scored the group a string of massive hit singles, including the number ones "Don’t Cha" (2005) and "Buttons" (2006), "Stickwitu" (2005), "I Hate This Part" (2008), and "When I Grow Up" (2008), which hit the Top 10 in 16 countries. In 2009, Scherzinger wrote and recorded an adaptation of A.R. Rahman’s "Jai Ho" (from the film "Slumdog Millionaire") which went to number one in 17 countries. Their debut album, PCD, has sold nine million copies worldwide, and their sophomore album, Doll Domination, has sold 5 million copies worldwide to date. The group won three Billboard Music Awards, two MTV Video Music Awards, and toured with Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera, and The Black Eyed Peas. The Dolls have sold 15 million albums, and 37 million singles worldwide, making them one of the best selling girl groups of all time.
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Nightwish
Nightwish is a Finnish symphonic metal band from Kitee, Finland. Formed in 1996 by songwriter and keyboardist Tuomas Holopainen, guitarist Emppu Vuorinen, and former vocalist Tarja Turunen, Nightwish's current line-up has five members, although Tarja has been replaced by Anette Olzon and the original bassist, Sami Vänskä, has been replaced by Marco Hietala, who also took over the male vocalist part; previously male vocal-parts were done by Tuomas or guest singers.
Although Nightwish has been prominent in their home country since the release of their first single, “The Carpenter” (1997) and debut album Angels Fall First, they did not achieve worldwide fame until the release of the albums Oceanborn, Wishmaster and Century Child, which were released in 1998, 2000 and 2002 respectively. Their 2004 album, Once, which has sold more than 1 million copies, led to the broadcast of Nightwish video clips on MTV in the United States and inclusion of their music in US movie soundtracks. Their biggest US hit single, “Wish I Had an Angel” (2004), made it onto three US film soundtracks as a means to promote their North American tour. The band produced three more singles and two music videos for the album, as well as “Sleeping Sun”, from the 2005 “best of” compilation album, Highest Hopes, prior to vocalist Tarja Turunen’s dismissal.
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Nikki Cox
Nicole Avery "Nikki" Cox (born June 2, 1978) is an American actress known mostly for her roles on the television series Unhappily Ever After, Las Vegas, and Nikki.
Cox was born in Los Angeles, California. Nikki's father is Terry Kay Cox and her mother is Meredith A. Cox, who was her personal manager. She has one younger brother, Matthew Cox, who is also an actor.
Cox began her career at the age of four when she appeared as a dancer in several ballet productions and TV specials. She began acting at the age of ten, making appearances in several movies and guest starring on shows such as Baywatch, Star Trek: The Next Generation, Mama's Family, Eerie Indiana, and Blossom. She also starred in General Hospital from 1993 to 1995 and had a recurring role on the Saturday morning program California Dreams.
Her appearances on various TV shows led to her first prime-time role as Tiffany Malloy on the sitcom Unhappily Ever After, which ran on the WB 1995–1999. Her brother Matthew guest-starred on a handful of episodes, including one where he wore a "Ghostface" mask (the type of mask featured in Scream).
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Niklas Bäckström
Niklas Oskar Bäckström (born February 13, 1978) is a Finnish professional ice hockey goaltender currently playing for the Minnesota Wild of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has won both William M. Jennings Trophy and Roger Crozier Saving Grace Award. He also has won both Urpo Ylönen trophy and Jari Kurri trophy twice. Bäckström is a Swedish-speaking Finn.
Niklas Bäckström won the 1998 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships as a backup goaltender for the Finnish national team, along with players like Olli Jokinen, Niklas Hagman, Mika Noronen, Niko Kapanen, Toni Dahlman and Eero Somervuori. Bäckström was the third goaltender for Team Finland in the 2006 Winter Olympics, but did not play any games. In the Finnish SM-liiga he played for HIFK, SaiPa and Kärpät. Bäckström led Kärpät to two consecutive league titles in 2004 and 2005. Bäckström signed a one-year contract with the Wild on June 1, 2006.
At the beginning of the 2006–2007 season, Bäckström was the backup for the Wild's starting goaltender, Manny Fernandez. Fernandez suffered a knee injury mid-season and Bäckström was forced into the starting position. Bäckström played exceptionally over the second half of the season, finishing first in the league in both goals against average (GAA) and save percentage, while tying Dwayne Roloson's team record with five shutouts in just 36 starts.
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Noble Johnson
Noble Johnson (April 18, 1881 – January 9, 1978) was an African-American actor and film producer.
Standing 6'2" at 215 pounds, his impressive physique and handsome features made him in demand as a character actor and bit player. In the silent era he assayed a wide variety of characters of different races in a plethora of films, primarily serials, westerns and adventure movies. While Johnson was cast as black in many films, he also played Native American and Latino parts and "exotic" characters such as Arabians or even a devil in hell in Dante's Inferno (1924).
The old orthochromatic film stock of the early days was less discriminating about a person's color, as were black and white stocks in general, permitting some African-American actors a break, as their "color" was washed out or less obvious when photographed in black and white. As late as the early 1960s, there were very few African-American members of the Screen Actors Guild. Since there was a lack of opportunity for them as black performers, they were confined mostly to race films until the 1960s. In all his roles, Johnson lived up to his given name: his was a noble and dignified presence that exhibited great power and substance.[citation needed]
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Norman Rockwell
Norman Percevel Rockwell (February 3, 1894 – November 8, 1978) was a 20th-century American painter and illustrator. His works enjoy a broad popular appeal in the United States for their reflection of American culture. Rockwell is most famous for the cover illustrations of everyday life scenarios he created for The Saturday Evening Post magazine for more than four decades. Among the best-known of Rockwell's works are the Willie Gillis series, Rosie the Riveter (although his Rosie was reproduced less than others of the day), Saying Grace (1951), The Problem We All Live With, and the Four Freedoms series. He is also noted for his work for the Boy Scouts of America (BSA); producing covers for their publication Boys' Life, calendars, other illustrations, and for his covers on the Saturday Evening Post, a magazine edited by George Horace Lorimer.
Norman Rockwell was a prolific artist, producing over 4,000 original works in his lifetime. Most of his works are either in public collections, or have been destroyed in fire or other misfortunes. Rockwell was also commissioned to illustrate over 40 books including Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn. His annual contributions for the Boy Scouts' calendars between 1925 and 1976 (Rockwell was a 1939 recipient of the Silver Buffalo Award, the highest adult award given by the Boy Scouts of America), were only slightly overshadowed by his most popular of calendar works: the "Four Seasons" illustrations for Brown & Bigelow that were published for 17 years beginning in 1947 and reproduced in various styles and sizes since 1964. Illustrations for booklets, catalogs, posters (particularly movie promotions), sheet music, stamps, playing cards, and murals (including "Yankee Doodle Dandy" and "God Bless the Hills", which was completed in 1936 for the Nassau Inn in Princeton, New Jersey) rounded out Rockwell's œuvre as an illustrator.
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Olli Jokinen
Olli Jokinen (born December 5, 1978) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player currently playing for the Calgary Flames of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected by the Los Angeles Kings third overall in the 1997 NHL Entry Draft with whom he made his NHL debut. He has also played for the New York Islanders, Florida Panthers, Phoenix Coyotes and New York Rangers. He began his professional career with KalPa and then HIFK of the Finnish SM-liiga. Additionally, he played for EHC Kloten of the Swiss National League A and Södertälje SK of the Swedish Elitserien.
Jokinen began his professional career in his native Finland in 1996 and in 1997 won the Jarmo Wasama memorial trophy as SM-liiga rookie of the year. He won the Matti Keinonen and Jari Kurri trophies in 1998 as the most effective player of the regular season and most valuable player of the playoffs, respectively. He moved to the NHL full time in 1998–99 and played his best seasons with the Panthers, with whom he served as captain from 2003 to 2008 and played in the 2003 All-Star Game. Jokinen played almost 800 NHL games before making his first playoff appearance in 2009; in 2012, he played his 1,000th game.
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Oskar Homolka
Oskar Homolka (August 12, 1898 – January 27, 1978) was an Austrian film and theatre actor. Homolka's strong accent, stocky appearance,[citation needed] bushy eyebrows[citation needed] and Slavic name (it is in fact, a Czech name) led many to believe he was Eastern European or Russian, but he was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary.
After serving in the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I, Homolka attended the Imperial Academy of Music and the Performing Arts in Vienna and began his career on the Austrian stage. Success there led to work in the much more prestigious German theatrical community in Munich where in 1924 he played Mortimer in the premiere of Brecht's play The Life of Edward II of England at the Munich Kammerspiele, and since 1925 in Berlin where he worked under Max Reinhardt.
Other stage plays in which Homolka performed during this period include: The first German performance of Eugene O'Neill's Emperor Jones, 1924, Anna Christie, 1924, Boubouroche, 1925, Juarez and Maximilian, 1925-26, Her Young Boyfriend, 1925, The Jewish Widow, 1925, Stir, 1925, Merimee and Courteline, 1926, Periphery, 1926, Neidhardt von Gneisenau, 1926, Dorothea Angermann, 1926-27, Revisor, 1926, by Nikolai Gogol, Androcles and the Lion, 1926, Bonaparte, 1927, The Ringer and The Squeaker by Edgar Wallace, both 1927, Underworld, 1930, Today's Sensation, 1931, The Last Equipagew, 1931, The Waterloo Bridge, 1931, Faust, 1932, Karl and Anna, Doctor's Dilemma, Pygmalion, Juno and the Peacock by Sean O'Casey, and many Shakespearean plays including: Midummmer Night's Dream, 1925, Troilus and Cresda, 1927, Richard III, King Lear, and Macbeth. After his arrival in London, he continued to star on stage, including with Flora Robson in the play Close Quarters.
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Osman Lins
Osman Lins (July 5, 1924, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco, Brazil – July 8, 1978, São Paulo, Brazil) was a Brazilian novelist and short story writer. He is considered to be one of the leading innovators of Brazilian literature in the mid 20th century. He graduated from the University of Recife in 1946 with a degree in economics and finance, and held a position as bank clerk from 1943 until 1970. From 1970 to 1976 he taught literature.
His first novel, 0 Visitante ("The Visitor"), was published in 1955. His later publications would bring him international recognition and establish his reputation—Nove, Novena (1966; "Nine, Ninth"), a collection of short stories, Avalovara (1973), a novel, and A Rainha dos Cárceres da Grécia (1976; "The Queen of the Grecian Jails"), a novel/essay. Lins was the recipient of three major Brazilian literary awards, which included the Coelho Neto Prize of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
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Palestinian people
The Palestinian people, (Arabic: الشعب الفلسطيني, ash-sha‘b al-Filasṭīnī) also referred to as Palestinians (Arabic: الفلسطينيون, al-Filasṭīniyyūn), are descendants of the peoples who have lived in Palestine over the centuries. Today, Palestinians are largely culturally and linguistically Arab. Despite various wars and exoduses, roughly one half of the world's Palestinian population continues to reside in the area encompassing the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and Israel. In this combined area, as of 2004, Palestinians constituted 49% of all inhabitants, encompassing the entire population of the Gaza Strip (1.6 million), the majority of the population of the West Bank (approximately 2.3 million versus close to 500,000 Jewish Israeli citizens which includes about 200,000 in East Jerusalem), and 16.5% of the population of Israel proper as Arab citizens of Israel.
Throughout the aforementioned combined area, many are Palestinian refugees or internally displaced Palestinians, including more than a million in the Gaza Strip, three-quarters of a million in the West Bank,, and about a quarter of a million in Israel proper. Of the Palestinian population who live abroad, making up what is known as the Palestinian diaspora, more than half of these are stateless refugees lacking citizenship in any country. About 2.6 million of the diaspora population live in neighboring Jordan where they make up approximately half the population, 1.5 million live between Syria and Lebanon, a quarter of a million in Saudi Arabia, with Chile's half a million representing the largest concentration outside the Arab world.
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Pankaj Mullick
Pankaj Mullick, also known as Pankaj Kumar Mullick (Bengali: পঙ্কজ কুমার মল্লিক Pôngkoj Kumar Mollik; 10 May 1905 - 19 February 1978) was a Bengali Indian music director, who was a pioneer of film music in Bengali cinema and Hindi cinema at the advent of playback singing, as well as an early exponent of Rabindra Sangeet.
He was awarded the Padma Shri in 1970, followed by the Dadasaheb Phalke Award (India's highest award in cinema, given by the Government of India) in 1972 for lifetime contribution to Indian cinema.
He was born in Kolkata in 1905, to Monimohan Mullick and Monomohini. His father had a deep interest in traditional Bengali music. He started his early training in Indian classical music under the tutelage of Durgadas Bandopadhaya. He studied at the Scottish Church College of the University of Calcutta. An important turning point in his life came when, after finishing his studies, he came in contact with Dinendranath Tagore, who was Rabindranath Tagore's great-nephew. This led to Pankaj Mullick's lasting interest in Rabindra Sangeet. Rabindranath Tagore, in turn, grew fond of him, and soon Mullick became known as one of the leading exponents of Tagore’s songs.
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Pat Dennis
Patrick A. Dennis (born June 30, 1978 in Shreveport, Louisiana) is a former American football cornerback in the National Football League for the Kansas City Chiefs, the Dallas Cowboys, the Houston Texans, and the Washington Redskins. He played college football at the University of Louisiana at Monroe and was drafted in the fifth round of the 2000 NFL Draft.
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Patrizio Buanne
Patrizio Franco Buanne (20 September 1978, Naples) is an Italian singer baritone, songwriter, producer. He was previously with Universal Music UK worldwide , but has later signed a record deal with Warner Music Germany for GSA and Concord Records USA worldwide.
Patrizio Buanne spent his childhood living and traveling from an early age between his family's hometown Naples, Italy, and Vienna, Austria, for his parents' restaurant business, developing a passion for languages. But another gift was emerging from an early age — a gift for singing and entertaining.
Buanne began participating in talent contests at age 11. Several small musical productions and gigs with his self-formed rock and roll band and as a solo performer followed. When he was seventeen, a music industry manager proposed a performance at the occasion of the Papal visit in Wroclaw, Poland. The song, which was half in Italian, half in Polish, had been written for the opening mass, and with 85,000 people in attendance, the exposure led to his first local record dealAngelo di Dio (1997). When his father died of cancer that year and Buanne himself suffered a perforated ulcer, he said, “It was music and the goal to make my family proud that kept me alive and made me strong” Patrizio. At nineteen, Buanne graduated from school in Vienna and moved back to Italy. He attended university in Rome to study languages, while looking for opportunities in the entertainment industry. He was a guest and entertainer on Italian television shows such as “Momenti di Gloria”, “Domenica In” and “Libero”. This led to a contract with the production company that produced shows for the Italian Broadcasting Corporation, RAI and Mediaset. Buanne also invested his own money in tours and independently distributed CDs and DVD’sShake the Spaghetti/CD and DVD (2002).
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Paul Hunter
Paul Alan Hunter (14 October 1978 – 9 October 2006) was an English professional snooker player. His media profile developed swiftly and he became known as the "Beckham of the Baize" because of his good looks and flamboyant style.
Hunter was a three-time Masters Champion, winning the title on the deciding frame on all three occasions. Hunter compiled 114 competitive century breaks in the course of his professional career, including a personal record break of 146 compiled at the 2004 Premier League. Hunter also won three ranking titles, the British Open and the Welsh Open (twice).
In March 2005 Hunter was diagnosed with neuroendocrine tumors, and died from the disease in 2006 just before his 28th birthday. He was survived by his wife, Lindsey, and their daughter.
Hunter was born in Leeds in 1978 and was educated at St Andrews Primary School and Cardinal Heenan High School. With some encouragement from friends and family, he spent many hours practising snooker. He often travelled to Bradford to practise alongside Joe Johnson. At the age of 12 Hunter was considered an "outstanding junior talent". He won many junior tournaments and at the age of 14 won the English Doubles Championship with Richard Brooke. With the help of former professional snooker players Jimmy Michie and Joe Johnson, Hunter made his debut among the professionals in July 1995 at the age of 16.
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Peggy Wood
Peggy Wood (February 9, 1892 – March 18, 1978) was an American actress of stage, film and television.
She was born Mary Margaret Wood in Brooklyn, New York, the daughter of Eugene Wood, a journalist, and Mary Gardner, a telegraph operator. She was a direct descendant of Daniel Boone. Wood spent nearly fifty years on the stage, beginning in the chorus and becoming known as a Broadway singer and star. She made her stage debut in 1910, as part of the chorus for Naughty Marietta. In 1917, she appeared in Maytime, in which she introduced the song "Will You Remember". She starred in several other musicals before playing the role of Portia in a 1928 production of The Merchant of Venice. From the late 1920s thru the 1930s, Wood had lead roles in musicals staged in London and New York.
She was a member of the Algonquin Round Table.
In 1941, she starred in the New York premiere of Noël Coward's Blithe Spirit, in which she portrayed Ruth Condomine, whose husband is tormented by the ghost of his deceased first wife.
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Peoples Temple
Peoples Temple was a religious organization founded in 1955 by Jim Jones that, by the mid-1970s, included over a dozen locations in California including its headquarters in San Francisco. It is best known for the events of November 18, 1978, in Guyana, in which 918 people died at the Peoples Temple Agricultural Project (informally, and now commonly, called "Jonestown") and nearby airstrip at Port Kaituma, and Georgetown in an organized mass suicide/killing.
The mass suicide and killings at Jonestown resulted in the greatest single loss of American civilian life in a non-natural non-accidental disaster prior to the events of September 11, 2001. Casualties at the airstrip included, among others, Congressman Leo Ryan.
Before forming a church, Jim Jones had become enamored by communism and frustrated by the harassment communists received in the U.S. This, among other things, provided a seminal inspiration for Jones; as he himself described in a biographical recording,
Although he feared a backlash for being a communist, Jones was surprised when a Methodist superintendent (whom he had not met through the American Communist Party) helped him into the church, despite his knowledge that Jones was a communist. In 1952, Jones became a student pastor in Sommerset Southside Methodist Church in Indianapolis, but left that church because it barred him from integrating African Americans into his congregation. In 1954, Jones began his own church in a rented space in Indianapolis, at first naming it the Community Unity Church.
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Pete Rose
Peter Edward Rose (born April 14, 1941), nicknamed "Charlie Hustle", is a former Major League Baseball player and manager. Rose played from 1963 to 1986, and managed from 1984 to 1989.
Rose, a switch hitter, is the all-time Major League leader in hits (4,256), games played (3,562), at-bats (14,053) and outs (10,328). He won three World Series rings, three batting titles, one Most Valuable Player Award, two Gold Gloves, the Rookie of the Year Award, and made 17 All-Star appearances at an unequaled five different positions (2B, LF, RF, 3B & 1B).
In August 1989, three years after he retired as an active player, Rose agreed to permanent ineligibility from baseball amidst accusations that he gambled on baseball games while playing for and managing the Reds, including claims that he bet on his own team. In 1991, the Baseball Hall of Fame formally voted to ban those on the "permanently ineligible" list from induction, after previously excluding such players by informal agreement among voters. In 2004, after years of public denial, Rose admitted to betting on baseball and on, but not against, the Reds. The issue of Rose's possible re-instatement, and election, to the Hall of Fame remains a contentious one throughout baseball.
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Peter Habeler
File:276419 304458416232687 1925950589 n.jpg
Peter Habeler (born July 22, 1942) is an Austrian mountaineer. He was born in Mayrhofen, Austria. He developed an interest in mountain climbing at age six.[[1]]
Among his accomplishments as a mountaineer are his first ascents in the Rocky Mountains. He was also the first European to climb on the Big Walls in Yosemite National Park.
He began climbing with Reinhold Messner in 1969. Several accomplishments in mountaineering followed. The most notable event was the first ascent without supplemental oxygen of Mount Everest in 1978 together with Messner, which had previously been thought as impossible. A year after his climb on Everest published Lonely Victory in 1979.[[2]] Habeler set further records by descending from the summit to the South Col in only one hour and climbing Northface of Eiger in ten hours.[[3]]
Other eight-thousanders (mountains over 8,000 meters) that Habeler has summited are Cho Oyu, Nanga Parbat, Kangchenjunga Hidden Peak and Yerupaja Chicho in South America.[[4]] The ascent of Hidden Peak was made with Messner in 1975, Alpine-style in three days, and is seen by some as ushering in a new era of Alpine-style ascents of eight-thousanders, in contrast to the "siege" tactics which had largely prevailed to this time. It was the first time an eight-thousander had been climbed Alpine-style. Peter attempted to climb Mt. Everest again in 2000 but failed to do so due to fluid in his lungs.[[5]]
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Peter Phillips
Peter Mark Andrew Phillips (born 15 November 1977) is the only son of Princess Anne, The Princess Royal and her first husband, Captain Mark Phillips. He is the eldest grandchild of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. Born in 1977, Peter Phillips holds no royal title or style and is currently 11th in the line of succession to the thrones of the 16 Commonwealth realms. After graduating from university in 2000, he worked for Jaguar followed by WilliamsF1. In 2003, while working for WilliamsF1 in Canada, he met Autumn Kelly, whom he married in St George's Chapel at Windsor Castle in 2008. Phillips keeps a low public profile, carrying out no royal duties, and for many years worked for the Royal Bank of Scotland.
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Philip Ahn
Philip Ahn (March 29, 1905 – February 28, 1978) was a Korean-American actor. He was the first Asian-American film actor to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Ahn was born Pil Lip Ahn in Highland Park, California. His parents emigrated to the US in 1902 and were the first Korean married couple admitted; his mother, Helen Lee, was the second Korean woman in the country.[citation needed] Ahn's father, Dosan Ahn Chang-ho, was an educator and an activist for Korean independence during the colonial period. Philip Ahn is believed to be the first American citizen born in the United States of Korean parents.[citation needed]
When he was in high school, Ahn visited the set of the film The Thief of Bagdad, where he met Douglas Fairbanks. Fairbanks offered him a screen test, followed by a part in the movie. However, his mother told him, "No son of mine is going to get mixed up with those awful people."
Ahn graduated from high school in 1923, and went to work in the rice fields around Colusa, California. The land was owned by the Hung Sa Dan, or Young Korean Academy, a Korean independence movement that trained Koreans to become leaders of their country once it was free from Japanese rule. Since Koreans could not own land in California, the Academy put the property in Ahn's name. Unfortunately, the rice crops failed because of heavy rains, and Ahn found himself deeply in debt. He went to work as an elevator operator in Los Angeles to pay back the debt and help support his family.
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Pope John Paul I
Pope John Paul I (Latin: Ioannes Paulus PP. I, Italian: Giovanni Paolo I), born Albino Luciani (17 October 1912 – 28 September 1978), reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church and as Sovereign of Vatican City from 26 August 1978 until his death 33 days later. His reign is among the shortest in papal history, resulting in the most recent Year of Three Popes. John Paul I was the first Pope to be born in the 20th century and the last Pope to die in it.
In Italy he is remembered with the appellatives of "Il Papa del Sorriso" (The Smiling Pope) and "Il Sorriso di Dio" (The smile of God).Time magazine and other publications referred to him as The September Pope.
Albino Luciani was born on October 17, 1912 in Forno di Canale (now Canale d'Agordo) in Belluno, a province of the Veneto region in Northern Italy. He was the son of Giovanni Luciani (1872?–1952), a bricklayer, and Bortola Tancon (1879?–1948). Albino was followed by two brothers, Federico (1915–1916) and Edoardo (1917–2008), and a sister, Antonia (1920–2009).
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Pope John Paul II
Blessed Pope John Paul II (Latin: Ioannes Paulus PP. II, Italian: Giovanni Paolo II, Polish: Jan Paweł II), born Karol Józef Wojtyła (Polish: [ˈkarɔl ˈjuzɛf vɔjˈtɨwa]; 18 May 1920, Wadowice, Republic of Poland – 2 April 2005, Apostolic Palace, Vatican City), reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church from 1978 until his death in 2005. He was the second-longest serving Pope in history and the first non-Italian since 1523.
John Paul II was acclaimed as one of the most influential leaders of the 20th century. He was instrumental in ending communism in his native Poland and eventually all of Europe. John Paul II significantly improved the Catholic Church's relations with Judaism, Islam, the Eastern Orthodox Church, and the Anglican Communion. Though criticised by progressives for upholding the Church's teachings against artificial contraception and the ordination of women, and by traditionalists for his support of the Church's Second Vatican Council and its reform, he was also widely praised for his firm, orthodox Catholic stances.
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Pope Paul VI
Paul VI (Latin: Paulus PP. VI; Italian: Paolo VI), born Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini (26 September 1897 – 6 August 1978), reigned as Pope of the Catholic Church from 21 June 1963 until his death on 6 August 1978. Succeeding Pope John XXIII, who had convened the Second Vatican Council, he decided to continue it. He fostered improved ecumenical relations with Orthodox and Protestants, which resulted in many historic meetings and agreements.
Montini served in the Vatican's Secretariat of State from 1922 to 1954. While in the Secretariat of State, Montini and Domenico Tardini were considered as the closest and most influential co-workers of Pope Pius XII, who named him in 1954 Archbishop of Milan, the largest Italian diocese, yet denying him the Cardinal designation that traditionally accompanies being Archbishop of Milan, a function which made him automatically Secretary of the Italian Bishops Conference. John XXIII elevated him to the College of Cardinals in 1958, and after the death of John XXIII, Montini was considered one of his most likely successors.
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Queen Noor of Jordan
Queen Noor of Jordan (Arabic: جلالة الملكة نور) (born Lisa Najeeb Halaby; 23 August 1951) is the last wife and widow of King Hussein of Jordan. She was queen consort of Jordan between 1978 and 1999. Since her husband's death in 1999, she has been queen dowager of Jordan.
A United States citizen by birth, and of Syrian,English, and Swedish descent, she acquired Jordanian citizenship and renounced her American citizenship at the time of her marriage. As of 2011, she is president of the United World Colleges movement and an advocate of the anti-nuclear weapons proliferation campaign, Global Zero.
Queen Noor was born Lisa Najeeb Halaby in Washington, D.C. She is the daughter of Najeeb Halaby and Doris Carlquist. Her father was an aviator, airline executive, and government official. He served as Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense in the Truman administration, before being appointed by John F. Kennedy to head the Federal Aviation Administration. Najeeb Halaby had a successful private-sector career, serving as CEO of Pan American World Airways from 1969 to 1972. The Halabys had two children following Lisa; a son, Christian, and a younger daughter, Alexa. They divorced in 1977.
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Queenie Smith
Queenie Smith (September 8, 1898 - August 5, 1978) was an American stage, television, and film actress.
Smith got an early start, being trained in ballet and dance and spent her teen years performing as a dancer with the Metropolitan Opera Company in operas such as Aida, La Traviata, and Faust. By the 1920s she was a star on Broadway in shows such as Helen of Troy, New York (1923), Sitting Pretty (1924), and The Street Singer (1929), and by the mid-30s had made her way into films. She starred on Broadway in George and Ira Gershwin's musical Tip-Toes (1925). She costarred in the 1936 Universal Pictures film version of Jerome Kern's Show Boat, playing Ellie May Chipley. Smith replaced stage actress Eva Puck who had starred as Chipley in the 1927 premiere and 1932 revival of Show Boat.
In 1947 she appeared in the film The Long Night and then played other character roles on film, and later, television. She was seen as Jimmy Durante's wife in The Great Rupert, and in guest shots in many television shows, including The Hardy Boys/Nancy Drew Mysteries, A.E.S. Hudson Street, Rhoda, Dawn: Portrait of a Teenage Runaway, Barney Miller, Mother, Jugs & Speed, Chico and the Man, McMillan & Wife, Love American Style, The Waltons, Here's Lucy, The Funny Side, Hawaii Five-O, The Monkees, The Odd Couple, The Love Boat, Maude and Little House on the Prairie (in a recurring role as "Mrs. Whipple").
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Quinton Jackson
Quinton Ramone Jackson (born June 20, 1978), also known as Rampage Jackson, is an American mixed martial artist and actor. He is a former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion. Jackson rose to prominence in Japan's Pride Fighting Championships where he was noted[citation needed] for his powerful body slams including a knockout victory over Ricardo Arona. In the United States, he is known for his tenure in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC). Jackson is the first person to unify any of the UFC and Pride FC championship belts, defeating Pride Fighting Championships Middleweight title holder Dan Henderson in 2007. Jackson is ranked as the #5 Light Heavyweight fighter in the world by Sherdog, MMAWeekly and Yahoo! Sports.
Jackson appeared for a second time as a coach on the reality series The Ultimate Fighter opposite Rashad Evans. They were scheduled to fight at UFC 107, but this bout was cancelled when Jackson took a movie role to play B. A. Baracus in The A-Team feature film. Jackson guest co-hosted WWE Raw on June 7, 2010, along with his A-Team co-stars Bradley Cooper and Sharlto Copley. Jackson refuted any doubts to whether acting was getting in the way of his fighting by saying, “I got a whole bunch of movies coming up, they ain’t got nothing to do with my day job,” he retorted at a UFC 135 kickoff presser on July 19, 2011. “I turn down movies all the time to fight. This is my day job fighting. This is what pays my bills and puts my kids through college and stuff."
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Rachel McAdams
Rachel Anne McAdams (born November 17, 1978) is a Canadian actress. After graduating from a four-year theatre program at York University in 2001, McAdams initially worked in Canadian television and film productions such as My Name is Tanino, Perfect Pie (for which she received a Genie Award nomination) and Slings and Arrows (for which she won a Gemini Award). Her first Hollywood movie was the 2002 comedy The Hot Chick. McAdams found fame in 2004 with starring roles in the teen comedy Mean Girls and the romantic drama The Notebook. In 2005, she appeared in the romantic comedy Wedding Crashers, the psychological thriller Red Eye and the family drama The Family Stone. She was hailed by the media as "the new Hollywood it girl" and received a BAFTA nomination for Best Rising Star.
However, McAdams withdrew from public life in 2006 and 2007. During this time, she turned down leading roles in high-profile films such as The Devil Wears Prada. She made a low-key return to work in 2008, starring in two limited release films: the film noir Married Life and the road trip movie The Lucky Ones. She returned to prominence in 2009 with appearances in the political thriller State of Play, the science-fiction romance Time Traveler's Wife, TheThe Time Traveler's Wife and the action-adventure film Sherlock Holmes. McAdams's first star vehicle was the 2010 comedy Morning Glory. In 2011, she starred in Woody Allen's romantic comedy Midnight in Paris and made a cameo appearance in the action-adventure sequel Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows. McAdams starred in 2012's romantic drama The Vow, and will next appear in Terrence Malick's To the Wonder and Brian De Palma's Passion.
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Rachel Stevens
Rachel Lauren Stevens (born 9 April 1978) is an English singer-songwriter, actress, presenter, dancer, television personality and model. She is a former member of the successful pop group S Club, and launched a solo recording career in 2003, releasing seven singles and two albums in the UK between 2003 and 2005. In 2008, she came second in the sixth series of the BBC One series Strictly Come Dancing with her dance partner Vincent Simone.
Born in Southgate, London, she attended Osidge JMI School and Ashmole School in London. Stevens has two brothers, Jason and Leigh. Stevens is Jewish, and has stated that she "observe[s] some of the holidays and I’ll go to the synagogue on special occasions".
In 1993 she first caught attention while beating out 5,000 competitors and winning a modelling contest sponsored by UK teen magazine Just 17.[citation needed] Following her first modelling jobs, she decided to study at the London College of Fashion, where she achieved a diploma in business. During that time she also worked in a film company and later ended up working in public relations, but began to lose interest and decided to pursue a career in singing instead.
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Rafael Furcal
Rafael Antonio Furcal (born October 24, 1977 in Loma de Cabrera, Dominican Republic), is a Major League Baseball shortstop who is currently with the St. Louis Cardinals.
Furcal attended Jose Cabrera High School and was signed as an undrafted free agent by the Atlanta Braves on November 9, 1996.
He began his professional career as a second baseman with the Gulf Coast Braves in 1997. The following season, with the Danville Braves he hit .328 and stole a league record 60 bases in only 66 games. He was named Danville's Player of the Year and Appalachian League All-Star Second Baseman.
In 1999, he switched to shortstop and joined the Macon Braves in "A" ball and hit .337 with 73 stolen bases in 83 games. He was transferred to the advanced "A" team in Myrtle Beach and hit .293 for them with 23 steals in 43 games. He led all of minor league baseball with 96 steals total. He was named to Baseball America's first team All-Star team and the South Atlantic League All-Star team. In addition, he was the Braves Minor League Player of the Year, the South Atlantic League Most Outstanding Prospect and a Class A All-Star.
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Rahimuddin Khan
Rahimuddin Khan Afridi (Pashto, Urdu: رحیم الدین خان آفریدی; born 21 July 1926) is a retired four-star general of the Pakistan Army. He was the fourth Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee, from 1984 to 1987, and the longest-serving Governor of Balochistan, from 1978 to when he resigned in 1984. He was involved in ending the 1973-1977 operation in Balochistan and pursuing new development, as well as allegedly suppressing incoming Mujahideen during the Soviet war in Afghanistan. Rahimuddin later served as Governor of Sindh in 1988, from which he also resigned.
Rahimuddin Khan was born in Kaimganj, Farrukhabad, United Provinces India, in the Pashtun Afridi tribes that migrated from Kohat in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. He attended Jamia Millia Islamia University, founded in Delhi by his relative Zakir Hussain, the third President of India. Rahimuddin opted for Pakistan during Partition in 1947, enrolling in the Pakistan Army as the first Gentleman Cadet of the Pakistan Military Academy. As captain, he helped enforce martial law in Lahore during the 1953 Lahore riots. He attended Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, and Command and Staff College in Quetta. He was hospitalized months before the Indo-Pakistani war of 1965 with a broken ankle. In 1969, he was appointed sub-martial law administrator to Hyderabad by General Yahya Khan.
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Ralph Metcalfe
Ralph Harold Metcalfe (May 30, 1910 – October 10, 1978) was an African-American athlete and politician who came second to Jesse Owens in the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Metcalfe jointly held the world record for the 100 meter sprint. Metcalfe was known as the world’s fastest human from 1932 through 1934. He later went into politics and served in the United States Congress.
Born in Atlanta, Georgia, Metcalfe studied at Marquette University and equalled the record of 10.3 seconds on a number of occasions, as well as equaling the 200 meter record of 20.6 seconds. He became the first man to win the NCAA 200 m title three times consecutively. At the 1932 Summer Olympics he virtually dead-heated with his rival Eddie Tolan, with the medal awarded to Tolan only after extended study of the photograph. Both recorded a time of 10.38 seconds. He received a bronze medal in the 200 meter event at these games. Metcalfe competed again in the 100 meters at the 1936 Summer Olympics, placing second to Jesse Owens. He received a gold medal as part of the winning 4×100 meter relay team.
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Reggie Wayne
Reginald "Reggie" Wayne (born November 17, 1978) is an American football wide receiver for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League. He was drafted by the Colts in the first round (30th overall) of the 2001 NFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Miami.
As a four-year starter at the University of Miami, Wayne set a school record of 173 career catches (including 36 consecutive games with a reception) and is one of only four wide receivers in school history to post 20 or more touchdowns in his career, along with Michael Irvin, Lamar Thomas, and Leonard Hankerson. His 48 receptions as a freshman were a school record. Wayne graduated with a degree in liberal arts. He was also roommate to Baltimore Ravens safety Ed Reed.
College statistics
Wayne was inducted into the University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame at their 43rd Annual Induction Banquet held on March 24, 2011.
Wayne was selected by the Indianapolis Colts with the 30th selection in the 2001 NFL Draft, and was taken to eventually complement the Colts' other star receiver, Marvin Harrison.
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Reinhold Messner
Reinhold Messner (born 17 September 1944) is an Italian mountaineer, adventurer and explorer from the German-speaking autonomous province Alto Adige/Südtirol "whose astonishing feats on Everest and on peaks throughout the world have earned him the status of the greatest climber in history." He is renowned for making the first solo ascent of Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen and for being the first climber to ascend all fourteen "eight-thousanders" (peaks over 8,000 metres (26,000 ft) above sea level). He is the author of at least 63 books (in German, 1970–2006), many of which have been translated into other languages.
Born in Brixen (Bressanone), Italy, Messner is a native speaker of German and also fluent in Italian. He grew up in Villnöß and spent his early years climbing in the Alps and fell in love with the Dolomites. His father, Josef Messner, was a teacher. He was also very strict and sometimes severe with Reinhold. Josef led Reinhold to his first summit at the age of five. Reinhold had eight brothers and one sister: he later climbed with his brother Günther and made Arctic crossings with his brother Hubert.
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Reuben Droughns
Reuben Droughns (pronounced /ˈdroʊnz/; born August 21, 1978 in Chicago, Illinois) is an American football running back who is currently assistant coach for the Serbian team Vukovi Beograd, the two-time champions of the Central European Football League. He was drafted by the Detroit Lions in the third round of the 2000 NFL Draft. He played college football at Oregon.
Droughns has also been a member of the Miami Dolphins, Denver Broncos, Cleveland Browns and New York Giants of the National Football League. He earned a Super Bowl ring with the Giants in Super Bowl XLII.
Droughns moved from the Midwest to Orange County, California where the young adolescent attended Anaheim High School (Anaheim, California) and was a student and a letterman in football. In football, he rushed for 49 touchdowns and 4,915 yards, which ranks as the fifth most yards gained in Orange County high school football history. He also won a CIF title in wrestling while attending Anaheim High.
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Ricardo Carvalho
Ricardo Alberto Silveira de Carvalho OIH (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁiˈkaɾdu kɐɾˈvaʎu]; born 18 May 1978) is a Portuguese footballer who plays as a centre back for Spanish La Liga club Real Madrid.
Carvalho was born in Amarante where he played for the local team, Amarante Futebol Clube. By his great performance as a youngster, he was spotted by the Portuguese powerhouse, FC Porto, and in 1996 he was brought to FC Porto Junior team. Between 1997 and 2001 he had loan spells at Leça, where he made his professional debut, Vitória de Setúbal and Alverca, but it was in José Mourinho’s reign that he really started to make big strides forward. It was in the 2002–03 season that Carvalho made his name known all around Europe, winning his first domestic league title under Mourinho’s commands, the Portuguese Cup, and the UEFA Cup. His good form led to an international call-up in 2003. In the next season, Carvalho won his second league title in a row, and his first UEFA Champions League title, in which tournament he was named best defender of the tournament. In July 2004, Carvalho transferred to Chelsea for a fee of just under €30 million. With the Blues, he won two Premier League titles in a row and one League Cup in his first two seasons. In 2008, he helped the club reach the UEFA Champions League final for the first time in their history, a game that they lost 6–5 on penalties against Manchester United. In the same year, he was voted by his fellow Chelsea colleagues as Chelsea's 2008 Players' Player of the Year. Two years later, in the 2009–10 season, Carvalho helped the Blues win their first Championship since 2006 and the FA Cup, by winning this last trophy Chelsea have secured the first ever Double in the club's history. In August 2010, after six years with Chelsea, he transferred to Real Madrid for a fee of £6.7 million.
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Richard Chase
Richard Trenton Chase (May 23, 1950 – December 26, 1980) was an American schizophrenic serial killer and mass murderer who killed six people in the span of a month in Sacramento, California. He was nicknamed "The Vampire of Sacramento" because he drank his victims' blood and cannibalized their remains.
A self-described victim of abuse at the hands of his mother, Chase exhibited by the age of 10 evidence of the Macdonald triad: enuresis, pyromania, and zoosadism. In his adolescence, he was known as an alcoholic and a chronic drug abuser. He suffered from erectile dysfunction due to "psychological problems stemming from repressed anger".
Chase developed hypochondria as he matured. He often complained that his heart would occasionally "stop beating", or that "someone had stolen his pulmonary artery". He would hold oranges on his head, believing the Vitamin C would be absorbed by his brain via diffusion. Chase also believed that his cranial bones had become separated and were moving around, so he shaved his head in order to watch this activity.
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Robert Alan Aurthur
Robert Alan Aurthur (June 10, 1922 – November 20, 1978) was an American screenwriter, director and TV producer.
In the early years of television, he wrote for Studio One and then moved on to write episodes of Mister Peepers (1952–53). He followed with teleplays for Campbell Playhouse (1954), Justice (1954), Goodyear Television Playhouse (1953–54) and Producers' Showcase (1955). One of his four 1951-55 plays for Philco Television Playhouse was the Emmy-nominated A Man Is Ten Feet Tall (1955), with Don Murray and Sidney Poitier, which was adapted two years later as the theatrical film, Edge of the City (1957) with Poitier and John Cassavetes.
He did two teleplays for Playhouse 90, and one of these, A Sound of Different Drummers (3 October 1957), borrowed so heavily from Ray Bradbury's Fahrenheit 451 that Bradbury sued.
After 1957, he continued to do screenplays. He was one of the writers on Spring Reunion (1957), notable as Betty Hutton's last movie, following with Warlock (1959), and his earlier association with Cassavetes led to script contributions on the actor's directorial debut with Shadows (1959). After an uncredited contribution to Lilith (1964), he scripted John Frankenheimer's Grand Prix (1966).
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Robert Charroux
Robert Charroux was the best-known pen-name of Robert Grugeau (April 7, 1909 - June 24, 1978).
Robert Charroux worked for the French post office until becoming a full-time writer of fiction in the early 1940s. He also wrote the scripts for a French comic strip, Atomas, about an atomic-powered superhero, appearing in the weekly magazine Mon Journal in the late 1940s. For the same magazine Charroux wrote a science fiction adventure in serial form, "Prof. Barthelemy's Flying Island."
Charroux was a pioneer of the theory of ancient astronauts, publishing at least six non-fiction works in this genre in the last decade of his life, including One Hundred Thousand Years of Man's Unknown History (1963, 1970), Forgotten Worlds (1973), Masters of the World (1974), The Gods Unknown (1974) and Legacy of the Gods (1974).
The influence that Charroux's first work (in its 1963 version) had on Erich Von Däniken's first books (ca. 1966), as well as the influence that Von Däniken's early books had on Charroux, is widely appreciated, but Von Däniken seems to have been equally familiar with an earlier French work, The Morning of the Magicians by Louis Pauwels and Jacques Bergier (1960), which is likely to have been a direct inspiration for both Charroux and Von Däniken.[1] Charroux's publisher contacted Von Däniken's in March 1968 concerning evidence of plagiarism, with the result that later printings of Chariots of the Gods and Return to the Stars at least mentioned Charroux in the bibliography.
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Robert Coogan
Robert Coogan (born December 12, 1924 — May 12, 1978) was an American film and television actor.
Starting as a child actor, he appeared as Sooky in Skippy (1931), a comedy-drama, family film which was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Picture. Coogan continued acting in adulthood.
He was born Robert Anthony Coogan in Glendale, California, to parents, Jack Coogan Sr. and Lillian Coogan.
In addition to his appearance in Skippy, Coogan appeared in over one dozen other films and made one appearance in a television production.
His brother Jackie Coogan was also an actor; Coogan's nephew is Stereographer and 3D Producer Anthony Coogan and grand nephew Keith Coogan is also an actor. Coogan has a son, Jonathan.
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Robert Menzies
Sir Robert Gordon Menzies, KT, AK, CH, FAA, FRS,QC (20 December 1894 – 15 May 1978) was an Australian politician and the 12th Prime Minister of Australia. Serving a collective total of over 18 years, he was Australia's longest-serving Prime Minister.
Menzies' first term as Prime Minister commenced in 1939, after the death in office of the United Australia Party leader Joseph Lyons and a short-term interim premiership by Sir Earle Page. His party narrowly won the 1940 election, which produced a hung parliament, with the support of independent MPs in the House. A year later, his government was brought down by those same MPs crossing the floor. He spent eight years in opposition, during which he founded the Liberal Party of Australia. He again became Prime Minister at the 1949 election, and he then dominated Australian politics until his retirement in 1966.
Menzies was renowned as a brilliant speaker, both on the floor of Parliament and on the hustings; his speech "The Forgotten People" is an example of his oratorical skills. Throughout his life and career, Menzies held strong beliefs in the Monarchy and in traditional ties with Britain. In 1963 Menzies was invested as the first and only Australian Knight of the Order of the Thistle. Menzies is regarded highly in Prime Ministerial opinion polls and is very highly regarded in Australian society for his tenures as Prime Minister.
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Roman Polanski
Roman Polanski (born 18 August 1933) is a French-Polish film director, producer, writer and actor. Having made films in Poland, Britain, France and the USA, he is considered one of the few "truly international filmmakers." Polanski's films have inspired diverse directors, including the Coen brothers,Atom Egoyan,Darren Aronofsky,Park Chan-wook,Abel Ferrara, and Wes Craven.
Born in Paris to Polish parents, he moved with his family back to Poland in 1937, shortly before the outbreak of World War II. He survived the Holocaust and was educated in Poland and became a director of both art house and commercial films. Polanski's first feature-length film, Knife in the Water (1962), made in Poland, was nominated for a United States Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film but was beaten by Federico Fellini's 8½. He has since received five more Oscar nominations, along with two Baftas, four Césars, a Golden Globe Award and the Palme d'Or of the Cannes Film Festival in France. In the United Kingdom he directed three films, beginning with Repulsion (1965). In 1968 he moved to the United States, and cemented his status by directing the Oscar-winning horror film Rosemary's Baby (1968).
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Ronnie Peterson
Bengt Ronnie Peterson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈrɔni ˈpɛtɛʂon]; 14 February 1944 – 11 September 1978) was a Swedish racing driver. He was a two-time runner-up in the FIA Formula One World Drivers' Championship.
Peterson began his motor racing career in kart racing, traditionally the discipline where the majority of race drivers begin their careers in open-wheel racing. After winning a number of karting titles, including two Swedish titles in 1963 and 1964, he moved on to Formula Three, where he won the Monaco Grand Prix Formula Three support race for the 1969 Grand Prix. Later that year he won the European Formula Three Championship and moved up into Formula One, racing for the March factory team. In his three-year spell with the team, he took six podiums, most of which were scored during the 1971 Formula One season in which he also finished as runner-up in the Drivers' Championship.
After seeing out his three-year contract at March, Peterson joined Colin Chapman's Team Lotus in 1973, partnering defending champion Emerson Fittipaldi. During his first two seasons with Lotus, Peterson took seven victories, scoring a career-best 52 points in 1973. After a poor 1975 season, Peterson moved back to March and scored his final victory for the team at the 1976 Italian Grand Prix. After spending 1977 with Tyrrell, he moved back to Lotus for the 1978 season as "number two" driver to Mario Andretti. Peterson scored two wins, at the South African and Austrian Grand Prix races, and would finish second in the Drivers' Championship standings despite a fatal first-lap accident at Monza during the Italian Grand Prix.
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Rose Dugdale
Bridget Rose Dugdale (born c. 1941), better known as Rose Dugdale, is a former debutante who rebelled against her wealthy upbringing, becoming a volunteer in the militant Irish republican organisation, the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA). As an IRA member, she took part in the theft of paintings worth IR£8 million and a bomb attack on a Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) station using a hijacked helicopter.
Dugdale was born into a wealthy English family, her millionaire father was an underwriter at Lloyd's of London who owned a 600-acre (2.4 km2) estate near Axminster in Devon. The family also owned a house in London near Chelsea Hospital, and Dugdale was educated at the nearby Miss Ironside's School for Girls in Kensington, west London. She was a popular pupil, with Virginia Ironside stating "Everyone adored this generous, clever and dashing millionaire's daughter, who was life and laughter". After completing her early education Dugdale was sent abroad to attend finishing school, then in 1958 she was presented as a debutante before Queen Elizabeth II at the start of the social season. Her debutante ball was held in 1959, with Dugdale describing it as "one of those pornographic affairs which cost about what 60 old-age pensioners receive in six months". Later that year Dugdale began reading philosophy, politics and economics at St Anne's College, University of Oxford. While studying there she began what newspapers would later describe as a "lunge to the left", when she and a fellow student gatecrashed Oxford Union wearing wigs and men's clothing in protest at the Union's refusal to admit women. After completing her studies at Oxford she travelled to the United States attending Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts, where she obtained a master's degree in philosophy, submitting a thesis on Ludwig Wittgenstein. She also studied at the University of London, obtaining a Ph.D. in economics.
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Ruben Studdard
Christopher Theodore Ruben Studdard (born September 12, 1978), best known as Ruben Studdard, is an American R&B, pop, and gospel singer. He rose to fame as winner of the second season of American Idol. He received a Grammy Award nomination in December 2003 for Best Male R&B Vocal Performance for "Superstar."
In the years following Idol, Studdard has released four studio albums, including his most recent disc, 2009's Love Is.
In addition to appearing on various television shows he has toured with Robin Givens in the comedy-drama Heaven I Need a Hug and in 2008 accepted the role of Fats Waller in a national tour of Ain't Misbehavin'.
Studdard, who was born in Frankfurt, Germany while his American father was stationed there with the U.S. Army, grew up in Birmingham, Alabama. The youngest son of two teachers, at the age of three he sang for the first time at the Rising Star Baptist Church in his hometown of Birmingham. He continued singing gospel in church, performing solos as a child while his mother sang in the local choir. While at Huffman High School, he played football for which he received a scholarship to Alabama A&M University. While at Alabama A&M he joined the Omicron Delta chapter of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia, the men's music fraternity of America.
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Russell Anderson
Russell James Anderson (born 25 October 1978 in Aberdeen, Scotland) is a Scottish footballer cente back, who currently plays for Scottish Premier League club Aberdeen. He began his career at Aberdeen in his native Scotland, whom he represented at international level, before moving to England and playing for Sunderland, Plymouth Argyle, Burnley and Derby County.
Anderson grew up in the Mannofield area of Aberdeen and attended Aberdeen Grammar School. He began his career with local club Aberdeen, and broke through the ranks to make his début in the first team in 1997; scoring his first goal for the club in 2000, in a 4–0 win over Hibernian. He went on to establish himself as a rock at the heart of the defence. A solid, reliable centre-back, he became a real fans' favourite and amassed 320 appearances (303 starts, 17 as sub) in his first spell for Aberdeen, scoring 18 goals.
In 2003, he was appointed club captain, a role he held for four years before departing the club for Sunderland in June 2007.
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Ruth Etting
Ruth Etting (November 23, 1897 — September 24, 1978) was an American singing star and actress of the 1920s and 1930s, who had over 60 hit recordings and worked in stage, radio, and film. She is known as "America's sweetheart of song". Her signature tunes were "Shine On Harvest Moon", "Ten Cents a Dance" and "Love Me or Leave Me". Her other popular recordings included "Button Up Your Overcoat", "Mean to Me", "Exactly Like You" and "Shaking the Blues Away".
Ruth Etting was born in David City, Nebraska in 1897 to Alfred and Winifred (née Kleinhan) Etting. On her mother's death when she was five years old, she went to live with her paternal grandparents, George and Hannah Etting. Alfred Etting remarried and moved away from David City and largely out of his daughter's life.
Ruth Etting left David City at the age of seventeen to attend art school in Chicago. Her job designing costumes at the Marigold Gardens nightclub led to employment singing and dancing in the chorus there. She became a featured vocalist at the nightclub, and married gangster Martin "Moe the Gimp" Snyder on July 12, 1922. He managed her career, booking radio appearances, and eventually had her signed to an exclusive recording contract with Columbia Records. She made her Broadway debut in the Ziegfeld Follies of 1927. She went on to appear in a number of other hit shows in rapid succession, including Simple Simon and Whoopee!. In Hollywood, she made a long series of movie shorts between 1929 and 1936, and three feature movies in 1933 and 1934. In 1936, she appeared in London in Ray Henderson's Transatlantic Rhythm.[citation needed]
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Sage Rosenfels
Sage Rosenfels (born March 6, 1978) is an American football quarterback for the Minnesota Vikings of the National Football League. He played college football at Iowa State before he was drafted by the Washington Redskins in the fourth round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He played with the Miami Dolphins from 2002–2005, the Houston Texans from 2006–2008, the Vikings in 2009, and the New York Giants in 2010. He spent portions of the 2011 season with the Giants and Dolphins. Through 2010, he had completed 351-of-562 passes for 4,156 yards and 30 touchdowns, and had a career 81.2 quarterback rating.
Rosenfels is Jewish, as is his father, and was born in Maquoketa, Iowa, a town of approximately 6,500. He was the fourth of five children, and as was the case with his siblings he was born at the family's home. His older sister Jaia, a high school runner and basketball player, suffered a traumatic brain injury in a traffic accident during her sophomore year at Wellesley College.
He attended Maquoketa Community High School, where he was a letterman in football, basketball, baseball, tennis, and track, as well as a member of the National Honor Society.
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Sally Eilers
Sally Eilers (December 11, 1908 – January 5, 1978) was an American actress.
Born as Dorothea Sally Eilers in New York City to a Jewish-American mother, Paula (née Schoenberger), and an Irish-American father, Hio Peter Eilers (who was an inventor), she was educated in Los Angeles and went into films because so many of her friends were in pictures. She studied for the stage, specialising in dancing. Her first try was a failure so she tried typing but then went back into pictures and succeeded.
She made her film debut in 1927 in The Red Mill, directed by Roscoe Arbuckle. After several minor roles as an extra, she found work with Mack Sennett, perhaps as one of his Sennett Bathing Beauties, in several comedy short subjects, along with Carole Lombard, who had been a school friend. In 1928 she was voted as one of the WAMPAS Baby Stars, a yearly list of young actresses nominated by exhibitors based on their box-office appeal.
Eilers was a popular figure in early-1930s Hollywood, known for her high spirits and vivacity. Her films were mostly comedies and crime melodramas such as Quick Millions (1931) with Spencer Tracy and George Raft. She was married for a short time to Hoot Gibson, though the marriage ended in divorce in 1933.
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Samuel Sánchez
Samuel Sánchez González (born February 5, 1978 in Oviedo, Asturias) is a Spanish professional road bicycle racer. He was the gold medal winner in the 2008 Beijing Olympics Men's Road Race. In recent years Sánchez has proven himself in hilly classics and stage races as one of the most important riders in the peloton. He's also known as one of the best descenders in the peloton.
He started his professional career in 2000 at the Spanish team Euskaltel-Euskadi and still rides there today.
In 2003, Sánchez finished 6th in Liège–Bastogne–Liège and third overall in the Tour of the Basque Country. The following year, he came 4th in Liège–Bastogne–Liège, and came 15th overall in his first Vuelta a España. He recorded his first major victory in 2005 when he won the 13th stage in the Vuelta a España, finishing 11th in the general classification. After winner Roberto Heras was erased from the results for doping use, Sánchez shifted up to the 10th place.
In 2006 the Asturian added two stage wins in the Vuelta al País Vasco and a second place on the steep finishing climb of the Belgian spring classic La Flèche Wallonne. Sánchez won two stages in the Tour of the Basque Country. He finished 4th overall in Paris-Nice, winning the points jersey in the process. In the Vuelta a España he won the 13th stage (just like the year before) with a daring attack in a downhill section and finished 7th in the general classification. At the World Championships in the Austrian city of Salzburg Sánchez played a major part by creating the decisive break in the final kilometer for his leader Alejandro Valverde. Sánchez himself finished 4th behind Paolo Bettini, Erik Zabel and Valverde. One week later he won Züri-Metzgete, his first classic. With 12 km to go he attacked to solo into Zurich with half a minute to spare over Stuart O'Grady and Davide Rebellin. Two weeks later he finished second in the Giro di Lombardia, and secured his second place in the final UCI ProTour classification.
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Sandrine Blancke
Sandrine Blancke (6 November 1978, Uccle, Belgium) is an actress. She started her acting career at the age of 13 in the 1991 film Toto le héros.
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Sandy Denny
Sandy Denny (6 January 1947 – 21 April 1978), born Alexandra Elene Maclean Denny, was an English singer and songwriter, perhaps best known as the lead singer for the folk rock band Fairport Convention. She has been described by Allmusic's Richie Unterberger as "the pre-eminent British folk rock singer".
After briefly working with British folk band the Strawbs, Denny joined Fairport Convention in 1968, remaining with that band until the end of 1969. She formed the short-lived band Fotheringay in 1970, releasing one album with them (another unreleased album would surface some three decades later), before focusing on a solo career. Between 1971 and 1977, Denny released four solo albums: The North Star Grassman and the Ravens, Sandy, Like an Old Fashioned Waltz, and Rendezvous. She is also noted as the only guest vocalist on a Led Zeppelin studio album, when she shared a duet with Robert Plant for "The Battle of Evermore" on Led Zeppelin IV (1971).
Music publications Sunday Express, Uncut and Mojo have each called Denny Britain's finest female singer-songwriter. Her composition "Who Knows Where the Time Goes?" has been recorded by many artists as diverse as Judy Collins, Nina Simone and Cat Power.
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Sarit Hadad
Sarit Hadad (Hebrew: שרית חדד) (born on September 20, 1978) is an acclaimed Israeli singer. She stems from a musician family with both origins in the Middle East. In October 2009 the Israeli Music TV Channel (Channel 24) crowned Hadad "best female singer of the 2000s".
Hadad was born in the town of Afula, Israel in a large traditional Mountain Jewish family that later moved to the city of Hadera. When she was ten years old, she participated in the contest of young talents, where she performed on the piano. She also played the organ, guitar, accordion and darbuka.
Hadad comes from a musical family and was recognized as a child prodigy. She began performing at the age of eight. She played the piano at a local club without telling her parents.[dubious – discuss] Apart from classical piano, she taught herself to play the organ, guitar, accordion, and a Middle Eastern drum known as the darbuka. At the age of 15, she joined the Hadera Youth Band. When she was 16 she was discovered by Avi Gueta, who is still her manager.
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Scott Raynor
Scott William Raynor, Jr. (born May 23, 1978) is an American drummer best known as the former drummer of the band Blink-182.
Raynor first started drumming when he joined a band with some friends because, according to him, they had taken all the "good instruments" before Raynor could choose. Raynor cites Fugazi and Metallica as his favorite bands.
Tom DeLonge and Scott began playing together in DeLonge's garage when they were in high school. They wrote a few songs together, including "Carousel." In 1993 they began working on demos, recording Flyswatter.
Their last demo, Buddha, was recorded at Double Time Studios in San Diego, California, and released by Filter Records. It was remastered and re-released in 1998 by Kung Fu Records. In 1993 the band began recording their album Cheshire Cat at Westbeach Recorders. The album was finished and released in February 1994 on cassette, then released on CD in 1995 and remastered and re-released in 1998 by Cargo Music/Grilled Cheese Records.
In late 1994 they released a split called Short Bus with Iconoclasts on Big Weenie Records. In 1995 the band released an EP called They Came to Conquer... Uranus on Cargo/Grilled Cheese. Blink-182 toured throughout 1995–1996 and followed up with the release of Dude Ranch in 1997 on Cargo/MCA. Raynor was fired in the middle of the band's 1998 tour after the band accused him of being an alcoholic. He was replaced by Travis Barker.
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Shane Horgan
Shane Patrick Horgan born 18 July 1978 in Bellewstown, County Meath (near Drogheda) is a formerrugby union player who played wing or centre for Leinster and Ireland. He is 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) tall.
While Horgan was young he played for Boyne RFC. He also played Gaelic football at Minor (U18) level with Meath. He was educated at a boys' Catholic school, St. Mary's Diocesan School in Drogheda, and was active in their rugby team.
Horgan joined Lansdowne on leaving school in 1997, making his debut for Leinster in 1998. During his career he played for the province 76 times in the Heineken Cup scoring 27 tries and a drop goal for a combined total of 138 points. He was a member of a Leinster backline which included the likes of Brian O'Driscoll, Gordon D'Arcy, Denis Hickie, Felipe Contepomi, Isa Nacewa, Rob Kearney and Jonathan Sexton.
He made his debut for the Ireland senior side against Scotland in the 2000 Six Nations Championship, scoring a try in the process. In the following game against Italy he scored 2 tries and added another one against Wales during the tournament. He was selected for the 2005 British and Irish Lions tour to New Zealand. He was used as a substitute during all three tests. After scoring the winning try against England in Twickenham in the 2006 Six Nations Championship to secure the Triple Crown for the second time in three years, he became a new national hero. Horgan added to his following in 2007 when he scored a try against England in Croke Park by executing a Gaelic football style catch from a Ronan O'Gara crossfield kick. Horgan is known by the Irish media and rugby fans as "Shaggy".
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Shane Ryan
Shane Ryan (born 5 October 1978) is an Irish sportsperson who plays hurling for Dublin and a former Gaelic footballer and All Star with Dublin. Ryan plays his club hurling and football for Naomh Mearnóg and his preferred position is centre back, although he is known to have played many positions for Dublin. He made his senior debut for Dublin on 4 June 1999. He made the decision to concentrate solely on Gaelic football in 2004, which dealt a blow to the then hurling manager Humphrey Kelleher. This was a turnaround from his original decision in 2001, to only concentrate on football just for that year. In 2009 he made the decision to switch back to hurling and join Anthony Daly's team after giving it much consideration. Ryan is a graduate of Business Studies (2001) in Dublin City University and is a teacher by profession.
Ryan has an illustrious ancestry in the Gaelic Athletic Association as his father, Jack Ryan, won an All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship medal with Tipperary in 1971. His mother, the late Orla Ní Shíocháin was an inter-county camogie player with Dublin for many years and won three All-Ireland Senior Camogie medals. She also won many Interprovincial Championship medals with Leinster. His paternal grandfather was Séamus O'Riain, President of the Gaelic Athletic Association 1967–70 and his maternal grandfather, Seán Ó Síocháin, was the first Director General of the Association, having served as General Secretary for many years.
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Shane West
Shane West (born Shannon Bruce Snaith; June 10, 1978) is an American actor, punk rock musician and songwriter. West is best known for portraying Eli Sammler in Once and Again, Landon Carter with Mandy Moore in A Walk to Remember, Darby Crash in What We Do Is Secret, and Dr. Ray Barnett in ER.
He is currently portraying Michael in The CW action drama television series Nikita.
Shane West was born in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, the son of Leah Catherine (née Launey) and Don Snaith (a drugstore owner who was born in Jamaica), both of whom were musicians. He has a younger sister Simone and a much younger half-sister Marli Ann. His parents divorced in 1982. At the age of 10, West moved to California temporarily with his mother and Simone. He is of Cajun French descent through his mother.
West has had regular roles in the television series ER as Dr. Ray Barnett and Once and Again as Eli Sammler and had a small appearance in the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer in the episode "Go Fish" and a leading role as Landon Carter opposite Mandy Moore in the film A Walk to Remember.
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Shannyn Sossamon
Shannon Marie Kahololani Sossamon (born October 3, 1978) is an American actress. She starred in the films A Knight's Tale, 40 Days and 40 Nights, Wristcutters: A Love Story, "The Order" and One Missed Call. Sossamon also had a starring role in the CBS's vampire drama, Moonlight.
Sossamon was born in Honolulu, Hawaii, the daughter of Sherry Sossamon, a nurse, and Todd Lindberg; her mother later re-married Randy Goldstein. She is of Dutch, English, Irish, German, French, Filipino, and Hawaiian descent. The y in her first name was an adolescent alteration in 1995. Sossamon grew up in Reno, Nevada, and attended Galena High School there. The day after her high school graduation, Sossamon moved to Los Angeles to pursue a career in dance. After moving to Los Angeles, Sossamon began to work as a DJ, booking gigs in local clubs.
At the beginning of her career, Sossamon modeled for various companies including Sassy Magazine, Unionbay Clothing, American Eagle Outfitters, and Planned Parenthood. She also appeared in two television commercials for Gap and starred in music videos for artists such as Daft Punk, The Goo Goo Dolls, Cher, Mick Jagger, DJ Quik, and Korn. During 1997, she appeared as a fashion model, a girl and a trophy presenter in several Mr. Show episodes. In 1999, Sossamon was discovered by casting director Francine Maisler, while assisting a fellow DJ at Gwyneth Paltrow's brother's birthday party.
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Shaun Morgan
Shaun Morgan Welgemoed (December 21, 1978) is a South African musician known as the lead singer and the lead/rhythm guitarist of the alternative metal band Seether.
Welgemoed (pronounced "Velgamoot" (guttural 'g') meaning "cheer" in Dutch), spent all of his early life in South Africa. His parents divorced when Welgemoed was still a child. At 14 years old, he first discovered the Seattle grunge movement after listening to Nirvana’s Nevermind album, which inspired him to become a musician. He began to play the guitar, first learning “Polly”, before starting to piece together bands. However his father did not approve of his son playing in a band, so Welgemoed ran away from home in order to “cut a demo” while living in friends’ cars and garages. Welgemoed then returned home to Pietermaritzburg to live with his mother and stepfather and started playing in a band again, although he stopped playing music after three years as he was not getting anywhere.
Prior to forming their band, Saron Gas, Shaun was a member of a tribute band, tributing songs of bands such as Korn and Metallica. In May 1999, Welgemoed became the rhythm guitarist and back-up vocalist of a new band, Saron Gas. There were four other members to the band; a female vocalist, a lead guitarist, bassist and drummer. However, when the singer and guitarist did not turn up to the first practice, the band decided to stay as a three-piece, with Welgemoed on lead vocals and guitar. Saron Gas enjoyed moderate success before the bass player decided to quit in January 2000, causing Welgemoed to get in touch with the only other good bass player he knew, Dale Stewart. The band released an album later that year, entitled Fragile.
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Shawn Crawford
Shawn Crawford (born January 14, 1978) is an American sprint athlete. He competes in the 100 meters and 200 meters events. He won gold at the 2004 Summer Olympics and silver at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the 200 meters.
Crawford holds the record for the fastest 100 meters run to place fourth. In August 2004, he ran 9.89 seconds in the Olympic final in Athens.
Crawford was born in Van Wyck, South Carolina. He attended Indian Land High School before leaving for Clemson University, where he claimed 11 All-America honors and three National Championships.
In a successful 2001 Crawford started the year with a victory at the Indoor World Championships in the 200 m. He then went to the World Athletics Championships, where he tied with Kim Collins of Saint Kitts and Nevis for the 200 m bronze medal. He then travelled to the Goodwill Games, where he claimed his second gold medal of the year.
The next two years of Crawford's career were most memorable for his outrageous antics and lack of focus. At a 2002 meet in Milan, he put on a Phantom of the Opera mask just prior to the beginning of his 200 m race. The mask became dislodged during the race obstructing his vision and causing him to run out of his lane and be disqualified. He claimed to have tested the mask in advance by sticking his head out of a car window while wearing it.
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Shawn Marion
Shawn Dwayne Marion (born May 7, 1978) is an American professional basketball player currently with the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association. Born in Waukegan, Illinois, Marion attended high school in Clarksville, Tennessee. Before transferring to the University of Nevada-Las Vegas, Marion attended the junior college Vincennes University for two years. In 1999, the Phoenix Suns drafted Marion, who was the ninth overall pick and would remain with the Suns until midway through the 2007-2008 season. The Suns traded Marion to the Miami Heat, and Marion joined the Toronto Raptors for the 2008-2009 season. Marion joined the Dallas Mavericks in 2009 and was the team's starting small forward when the Mavericks won the NBA Championship in June, 2011.
Nicknamed "The Matrix" by TNT analyst Kenny Smith during the pre-season of his rookie year for his seemingly bionic athleticism, he is widely regarded as one of the most versatile players in the league thanks to his athleticism and ability to play and defend many positions.
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Shiri Appleby
Shiri Freda Appleby (born December 7, 1978) is an American film and television actress. She is best known for her leading role as Liz Parker in the television series Roswell. Her film credits include A Time for Dancing, where she was one of the two female main characters; Swimfan; Havoc with Anne Hathaway; and Charlie Wilson's War with Tom Hanks and Julia Roberts.
In 2008, Appleby joined the cast of the final season of ER, playing an intern named Daria Wade, and starred in the CW drama Life Unexpected as Cate Cassidy. Life Unexpected was cancelled in its second season. She is currently starring as Lucy in the comedy, Dating Rules from My Future Self.
Appleby was born in Los Angeles, California, the daughter of Dina (née Bouader), a Hebrew school teacher, and Jerry Appleby, a telecommunications executive. Her mother is Israeli-born and of Sephardic Moroccan Jewish background, and her father is an American Jew. In Hebrew, shiri means either "my song", "my poem", or simply "sing" (in the imperative). She and her younger brother Evan were raised in Calabasas in Los Angeles County. She has a scar above her left eyebrow, which resulted from a dog bite when she was young. To get over her fear of dogs, she went on the show Emergency Vets, accompanying staff veterinarian Dr. Kevin Fitzgerald (she also overcame another phobia in the same episode by holding a live snake, one of Fitzgerald's patients) and shortly after adopted a Tabby, which she named Abby.[citation needed] Appleby graduated from Calabasas High School in 1997 and went on to major in English literature at the University of Southern California while also studying theater arts.[citation needed]
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Shunsuke Nakamura
Shunsuke Nakamura (中村 俊輔, Nakamura Shunsuke?, born 24 June 1978 in Yokohama, Kanagawa Prefecture) is a Japanese footballer who currently plays for Yokohama F. Marinos in J. League Division 1. He is one of the most prominent and successful Asian players to have played in Scotland and on 13 September 2006 became the first Japanese player to score in the UEFA Champions League and the fourth Asian player after South Koreans Cha Bum-Keun and Park Ji-Sung, and Iranian ALi Daei.[citation needed] He is also well known for his free kick-taking abilities. Asteroid 29986 Shunsuke is also named in his honour.
He has won the Asian Cup in 2000 and 2004 with the Japanese national football team, and was named Most Valuable Player in the 2004 competition. He has also appeared in the 1997 FIFA World Youth Championship, and the 2000 Summer Olympics as a member of the Japanese Under-23 team.
In his first season with Celtic, Nakamura helped the club win the Scottish Premier League and Scottish League Cup. He has scored 23 goals for Japan. His former clubs include Espanyol and Reggina, for whom he scored 38 and 12 goals respectively before moving to Celtic on 25 July 2005 for a fee of around £2.75 million.
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Siad Barre
Mohamed Siad Barre (Somali: Maxamed Siyaad Barre, Arabic: محمّد زياد بري) (October 6, 1919 – January 2, 1995) was the military dictator and President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969 to 1991. During his rule, he styled himself as Jaalle Siyaad ("Comrade Siad").
At the time of independence in 1960, Somalia was touted in the West as the model of a democracy in Africa. However, clanism and extended family loyalties and conflicts were social problems the civilian government failed to eradicate and eventually succumbed to itself.
The Barre-led military junta that came to power after a coup d'état in 1969 said it would adapt scientific socialism to the needs of Somalia. It drew heavily from the traditions of China. Volunteer labour harvested and planted crops, and built roads and hospitals. Almost all industry, banks and businesses were nationalised, and cooperative farms were promoted. The government forbade clanism and stressed loyalty to the central authorities. A new writing script for the Somali language was also adopted. To spread the new language and the methods and message of the revolution, secondary schools were closed in 1974 and 25,000 students from fourteen to sixteen years of age and an additional 3,000 military and civil service employees were sent to rural areas to educate their nomadic relatives.
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Sid Vicious
Sid Vicious (born John Simon Ritchie 10 May 1957 – 2 February 1979) was an English musician best known as the bassist of the influential punk rock group Sex Pistols. In 2006 he was inducted posthumously into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Sex Pistols.
Sid Vicious was born John Simon Ritchie in Lewisham, South East London, to John and Anne Ritchie (née McDonald). His mother dropped out of school early due to a lack of academic success and went on to join the RAF, where she met her husband-to-be, Ritchie's father. He was a guardsman at Buckingham Palace and a semi-professional trombone player on the London Jazz scene. Shortly after John's birth, he and his mother moved to Ibiza, where they expected to be joined by his father who, it was planned, would support them financially in the meantime. However, after the first few pay cheques failed to arrive, Anne realised that he would not be coming. Anne later married Christopher Beverley, a middle class man in 1965, before setting up a family home back in Kent. Ritchie took his stepfather's surname and was known as John Beverley.
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Silver Meikar
Silver Meikar (born February 12, 1978 in Tartu, Estonia) is an Estonian human rights activist and an advisor to the Estonian Institute of Human Rights. Silver Meikar was a member of the parliament of Estonia - Riigikogu in 2003-2004 and 2006-2011 in the Estonian Reform Party faction.
Silver Meikar received the basic and secondary school education in Tartu Miina Härma Gymnasium. He graduated from the University of Tartu with a degree in economics in 2005.
He served as a member of Tartu City Council in 1999 - 2002 and 2005 - 2006. In 2003 Silver Meikar became a substitute member of the parliament of Estonia as Margus Hanson became the minister of defence. Silver Meikar was set up as a candidate to the European Parliament in 2004. He lost his seat in Riigikogu as Margus Hanson was dismissed in November 2004 due to the theft of classified documents from his home. Silver Meikar re-gained his seat on November 23, 2006 as Margus Hanson was convicted for leaking state-classified data.
Silver Meikar was re-elected to Riigikogu on March 4, 2007 and he served throughout his mandate as a member of the Foreign Affairs Committee.
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Simone Maludrottu
Simone Maludrottu (born 4 June 1978) is a professional boxer from Olbia, Sardinia, Italy. Maludrottu fights in the Bantamweight division and in the current European (EBU) title holder.
Maludrottu made his professional debut in July 2000, gaining a victory in Chivasso, Italy, with a points win over six rounds against Giovanni Delisi.
Maludrottu fought thirteen fights, winning twelve, five by knockout, before he had a chance to fight for his first title belt September 2003 when he challenged Emiliano Salvini for the `Vacant Italian Bantamweight Title in Olbia, Sassari, Italy. Maludrottu won this fight after Salvini retired in the seventh round due to an injury.
In September 2004, after a further three victories Maludrottu challenged Frenchman Frederic Patrac for the European (EBU) Bantamweight Title which the Italian won on points over ten rounds.
Simone Maludrottu made an expedition to Japan and, on January 10, 2008, challenged Hozumi Hasegawa of the WBC world bantamweight class champion in Osaka prefectural gymnasium of Osaka-shi, Osaka of Japan. Maludrottu lost a 12 round unanimous decision to the Japanese champion.
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Sisqó
Mark Althavean Andrews (born November 9, 1978), known by his stage name Sisqó, is an American R&B singer, songwriter, dancer, record producer and actor. He is lead singer of R&B group Dru Hill, and has also released solo material, including his successful first solo album Unleash the Dragon which included the single "Thong Song". Sisqó also calls himself "The Dragon".
Andrews attended Mervo, graduating 1994. He has a daughter, Shaione, who was born in 1995.
After Woody Rock left Dru Hill in 1999 to pursue a solo career, it was decided that the other three members would do the same. Sisqó's solo debut, Unleash the Dragon, was released on Def Soul Records in November 1999. Unleash the Dragon sold moderately at first, until the February 2000 release of its second single, the novelty "Thong Song". A runaway hit, "Thong Song" and its follow-up, "Incomplete", were major hits on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, with "Thong Song" making it to number three, and "Incomplete" going to #1. The success later got Sisqó a doll made of himself by Play Along Toys in 2001.[citation needed]
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Stefanie Sun
Stefanie Sun (traditional Chinese: 孫燕姿; simplified Chinese: 孙燕姿; pinyin: Sūn Yan Zī), born Sng Ee Tze on 23 July 1978, and known to fans as 13姐 ("13th sister"), is a Singaporean singer-songwriter. She has sold over 30 million copies of her albums during the span of her career thus far. She does the majority of her recording and conducts most of her publicity events in Taiwan, which comprises her largest audience. She also visits mainland China, Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore frequently for promotional rounds.
Stefanie Sun has an older sister three years her senior Sng Yee-kia (simplified Chinese: 孙燕佳; traditional Chinese: 孫燕佳; pinyin: Sūn Yànjiā), and a younger sister six years her junior named Sng Ee-mei (simplified Chinese: 孙燕美; traditional Chinese: 孫燕美; pinyin: Sūn Yànměi).
Sun was educated at Nanyang Primary School, St. Margaret's Secondary School, Raffles Girls' School and went on to attend Saint Andrew's Junior College. She later attended Nanyang Technological University, where she obtained a degree in Marketing. Her voice talent was discovered by her music teacher Lee Wei Song.
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Stephen Clemence
Stephen Neal Clemence (born 31 March 1978) is a retired English football midfielder who last played for Leicester City where he was team captain.
Clemence began his career with Tottenham Hotspur, where he spent six years as a professional, but never established himself as a regular first-team player. He was capped once for England at under-21 level. He moved on to Birmingham City in 2003, where he was chosen player of the 2006–07 season, at the end of which he signed for Leicester City. An injury prone player, Clemence was well known for his passion, drive, leadership and commitment on the pitch. He suffered a series of long-term injuries in his career, the worst being a damaged heel while at Leicester, which brought his career to an end after 18 months on the sidelines. After retirement he joined the coaching staff at Sunderland.
The first team Clemence played for was Tottenham Hotspur, for whom he made his debut against Manchester United on 10 August 1997, a match Tottenham lost 0–2. His season was cut much shorter by a four-day spell in February 1998, during which time Clemence picked up a red card against Barnsley. He involved himself to a greater degree the following season, displaying more of the form which won him a place in the England U21 side. He scored three times during his spell at Spurs, his first coming in the 1997–98 FA Cup against Fulham, followed by two league goals against Derby County and Sunderland.
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Susan Shaw
Susan Shaw (29 August 1929 – 27 November 1978) was an English actress.
Shaw began her film career in 1946 when she was signed to a contract by the J. Arthur Rank Organisation and trained at their "charm school". Her early career showed promise, and Shaw's popularity was established in such films as the Huggetts Trilogy with Jack Warner.
Her marriage to Albert Lieven ended in divorce in 1953, and in 1954 she married the actor Bonar Colleano, with whom she had featured in the film Pool of London (1951). In 1955, their son Mark was born and in 1958 Colleano was killed in a traffic collision. Badly affected by Colleano's death, Shaw began to drink heavily and, unable to care for her son because of her emerging alcoholism, she gave him to her grandmother to raise.
She resumed her career, but was unable to sustain it and made her final acting appearance in 1963. She died of cirrhosis of the liver and was cremated at Golders Green Crematorium, North London.
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Swizz Beatz
Kasseem Dean (born September 13, 1978), better known by his stage name, Swizz Beatz, is an American record producer, DJ, rapper and painter. At the age of 17, he gained attention in the hip-hop world through his friendship with rapper DMX. Grady Spivey and rapper Cassidy helped launch his label Full Surface Records. He is married to R&B superstar Alicia Keys and has one child with her, as well as three other children.
Dean did not see much of his father, a postal worker, due to his parents' separation in his early life. Dean is of Puerto Rican and African American decent.[citation needed] He was raised by his mother in the South Bronx, where he spent most of his childhood. This was where he first encountered Hip hop and began deejaying. He began deejaying after he got some equipment from his stepfather and his uncles. He later relocated to Atlanta as a teenager due to having too many fights at Harry S. Truman High School; there he started to work for his uncles, Joaquin and Darrin Dean, who were co-CEOs of the Ruff Ryders label. Forgoing the practice of using samples, he mostly used the Korg Trinity and Triton Keyboards and tried to accentuate the performance aspect of his music.
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Tamara Karsavina
Tamara Platonovna Karsavina (10 March 1885 – 26 May 1978) was a famous Russian ballerina, renowned for her beauty, who was most noted as a Principal Artist of the Imperial Russian Ballet and later the Ballets Russes of Serge Diaghilev. After settling in Hampstead, England, she began teaching ballet professionally and would become recognised as one of the founders of modern British ballet. She assisted in the establishment of The Royal Ballet and was a founder member of the Royal Academy of Dance, which is now the world's largest dance teaching organisation.
Karsavina was born in St. Petersburg, Russia, the daughter of Platon Konstantinovich Karsavin. A principal dancer and mime with the Imperial Ballet, Platon was also employed as an instructor at the Imperial Ballet School (Vaganova Ballet Academy) and counted among his students Karsavina's future dancing partner and paramour, Michel Fokine.
She was the sister of religious philosopher and medieval historian Lev Karsavin. Her niece, Marianna Karsavina, was married to Ukrainian author and artistic patron Pyotr Suvchinsky. Through her mother, Karsavina was distantly related to the religious poet and co-founder of the Slavophile movement, Aleksey Khomyakov.
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Tamera Mowry
Tamera Darvette Mowry-Housley (born July 6, 1978) is an American actress. She first gained fame for her teen role as Tamera Campbell on the ABC/WB sitcom Sister, Sister (opposite her identical twin sister Tia Mowry). She starred in the Disney Channel Original Movie Twitches and its sequel, Twitches Too. She has also made a break into dramatic television, and is also known for her role as Dr. Kayla Thorton on the medical drama Strong Medicine. Beginning July 2011, the Style Network began airing Tia & Tamera, a reality show which follows the day-to-day lives of the twins, Tia being pregnant and Tamera planning her wedding.
Tamera Mowry was born in Gelnhausen, West Germany to Darlene Mowry (née Flowers), who managed her children's careers and also worked as a security guard, and Timothy Mowry, who was in the U.S. Army at the time of her birth and later became a custody officer/jailer with the City of Glendale Police Department when the family moved to California.
Darlene, who is Bahamian American, and Timothy, who is English American, met in high school in Miami, Florida. During a live taping of The Wendy Williams Show in 2010, Mowry announced that for years, she and her twin sister believed they were of Italian descent on their father's side; however, after researching their family tree on Ancestry.com, they quickly discovered that his ancestry instead lay in Great Britain. Her family is "close-knit" and "deeply religious", as the sisters became born again Christians when they were eight.
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Taryn Manning
Taryn Manning (born November 6, 1978) is an American actress, fashion designer, and singer-songwriter. She is the vocalist for electronic duo Boomkat and co-owner of the clothing brand Born Uniqorn. Manning gained her first major role as an actress in 2001 when she played the role of Maddy in Crazy/Beautiful. She is well known for her film portrayals in Crossroads, 8 Mile, A Lot Like Love, Hustle & Flow, Weirdsville and Jack and Jill vs. the World. She has appeared in film genres ranging from drama and comedy to science fiction.
Taryn Manning was born to Sharyn and Bill Manning , who divorced when she was two months old. Her mother took Taryn and her brother Kellin to Tucson, Arizona. At the age of 12, Manning and her mother moved to California, where she attended school in San Diego Ca Orange County High School of the Arts. She has been the State Champion in Karate in Arizona.[unreliable source?] When she was 14, her musician father, Bill, committed suicide.
Manning began acting in the late 1990s, appearing in small roles in several film and television productions, including episodes of The Practice, Get Real, Speedway Junky, NYPD Blue and Popular. She also made a guest-appearance on the TV series Boston Public, in a role that was specifically written for her. In 1999, she was featured in an independent film called Speedway Junky. She also auditioned for the American version of Popstars, which aired in early 2001 on The WB.
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Ted Bundy
Theodore Robert "Ted" Bundy (born Theodore Robert Cowell; November 24, 1946 – January 24, 1989) was an American serial killer, rapist, kidnapper, and necrophile who assaulted and murdered numerous young women and girls during the 1970s, and possibly earlier. After more than a decade of denials, he confessed shortly before his execution to 30 homicides committed in seven states between 1974 and 1978; the true total remains unknown, and could be much higher.
Bundy was regarded as handsome and charismatic by his young female victims, traits he exploited in winning their trust. He typically approached them in public places and feigned injury or disability, or impersonated an authority figure, before overpowering and assaulting them at a more secluded location. He sometimes revisited his secondary crime scenes for hours at a time, grooming and performing sexual acts with the decomposing corpses until putrefaction and destruction by wild animals made further interaction impossible. He decapitated at least 12 victims and kept some of the severed heads in his apartment for a period of time as mementos. On a few occasions he simply broke into dwellings in the dead of night and bludgeoned victims as they slept.
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Terry Kath
Terry Alan Kath (January 31, 1946 – January 23, 1978), born in Chicago, Illinois, was the original guitarist and founding member of the rock band Chicago. He died in early 1978, eight days before his 32nd birthday, from an unintentional self-inflicted gunshot wound.
Kath was a singer and multi-instrumentalist who played lead & rhythm guitar, banjo, accordion, electric bass, and drums. During the mid-1960s he was the lead guitarist in a band called Jimmy and the Gentlemen. He also played bass in a road band called Jimmy Ford and the Executives. Kath's compatriot, James William Guercio (who later became Chicago's producer) was lead guitarist in one of two road bands performing on The Dick Clark Show; Kath was the bassist in the other band. Kath's close friend, saxophonist/flutist Walter Parazaider, also played in several bands on The Dick Clark Show. Together with drummer Danny Seraphine they worked to develop the group they called The Missing Links. Practicing at Parazaider's apartment, they soon joined up with trombonist James Pankow, trumpeter Lee Loughnane, and singing keyboardist Robert Lamm to form The Big Thing (known occasionally as The Big Sound). With the addition of The Exceptions' singer/bassist/accordionist Peter Cetera they moved to Los Angeles and signed with Columbia Records. The band was renamed Chicago Transit Authority. In 1970 the name was shortened to Chicago.
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Theo Lingen
Theo Lingen (10 June 1903 – 10 November 1978), born Franz Theodor Schmitz, was a German actor, director and screenwriter. He appeared in over 230 films between 1929 and 1978, and directed 21 films between 1936 and 1960.
Lingen was born the son of a lawyer in the city of Hanover, and grew up there. He attended the Royal Goethe Gymnasium – the predecessor of the Goethe School – in Hanover, but left before taking the Abitur (final exams). His theatrical talent was discovered during rehearsals for a school performance at the Schauburg boulevard theatre.
Beginning his professional stage career, the young actor adopted as a stage name his middle name together with that of the birthplace of his father, Lingen in the North German Emsland region. As "Theo Lingen" he performed at theatres at Hanover, Halberstadt, Münster and Frankfurt; in plays like The Importance of Being Earnest he very quickly earned a reputation as a superb character comedian, distinguished by his characteristic nasal speech. This distinction followed him when he began appearing in films in 1929, often together with the mumbling Viennese actor Hans Moser, since together they made a contrasting pair. In 1929 he was invited by Bertolt Brecht to the Theater am Schiffbauerdamm in Berlin, where he performed as Macheath in The Threepenny Opera. He starred in drama films like M and The Testament of Dr. Mabuse directed by Fritz Lang.
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Tia Hellebaut
Tia Hellebaut (born 16 February 1978 in Antwerp) is a Belgian track and field athlete who started out in the heptathlon, but afterwards specialized in the high jump event. She has cleared 2.05 metres both indoors and outdoors.
Hellebaut was the 2008 Olympic champion in the high jump. She was previously the European Champion in 2006 and then the European Indoor Champion in 2007. She won the gold medal in the pentathlon at the 2008 IAAF World Indoor Championships. In addition to these medals, she has participated at the World Championships in Athletics on four occasions.
She holds the Belgian records for heptathlon, indoor pentathlon, and high jump, both indoors and outdoors.
Hellebaut started as a professional athlete with Atletiek Vlaanderen in the period from 2001 to October 2005. From 1 November 2006 she again became a professional athlete, this time at Bloso. During her most successful period, Hellebaut was trained by her partner, Wim Vandeven, at her club, Atletica 84.
At the 2006 European Championships and 2007 Indoor European Championships Hellebaut won the gold medal in high jump. The 2006 victory became especially notable, when just a couple of minutes later her close friend and compatriot Kim Gevaert completed a historical sprint double. The images of both athletes celebrating their victory together, wrapped in a national flag, became part of Belgian sports history.
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Tia Mowry
Tia Dashon Mowry-Hardrict (born July 6, 1978) is an American actress. She first gained fame for her teen role as Tia Landry on the ABC/WB sitcom Sister, Sister (opposite her identical twin sister Tamera Mowry). From 2006-2012, she portrayed medical student Melanie Barnett Davis on the former CW now BET comedy-drama series The Game. She is also notable for starring in the television movie Twitches and its sequel Twitches Too.
Tia Mowry was born in Gelnhausen, West Germany to Darlene Mowry (née Flowers), who managed her children's careers even when they were in the group Voices and also worked as a security guard, and Timothy Mowry, who was in the U.S. Army at the time of her birth and later became a custody officer/jailer with the City of Glendale Police Department when the family moved to California.
Darlene, who is Bahamian American, and Timothy, who is British American, met in high school in Miami, Florida. Both joined the U.S. Army, and both would eventually reach the rank of Sergeant. During a live taping of The Wendy Williams Show in 2010, Mowry announced that for years, she and her twin sister believed they were of Italian descent on their father's side; however, after researching their family tree on Ancestry.com, they quickly discovered that he was instead of British descent. Her family is "close-knit" and "deeply religious", as the sisters became born again Christians when they were eight.
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Tim Driesen
Tim Driesen (born 22 June 1978) is an actor, notable for roles in both musicals, plays and television serials. He has composed a full scale musical as well as a number of pop-songs. In 2007, he created the role of Adrian Banks (a character based on pop-star Mark Owen) in the Take That musical, Never Forget.Take That member Gary Barlow, who wrote the majority of the production's musical numbers, said jokingly of the cast: "I'm just worried that they're better than us". When the musical opened, Driesen appeared with fellow cast members Dean Chisnall, Craig Els, Stephane Anelli, Eaton James and Nancy Sullivan on ITV's GMTV performing the show's title song, "Never Forget". He also appeared in the UK tour of Starlight Express. In 1991, Driesen appeared in the television series, The Bubbles.
He is also noted for his voice-over work in televised commercials.
Driesen most recently appeared as Phoebus in Notre Dame de Paris in Belgium (Antwerp & Ghent). A role for which he won 'Best Supporting Actor in a Musical' at the VMP's (Flemish Musical Awards)
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Tim Hasselbeck
Timothy Thomas "Tim" Hasselbeck (born April 6, 1978) is an American ESPN analyst and former professional American football quarterback for the New York Giants, Washington Redskins, Philadelphia Eagles, and Buffalo Bills.
He is the son of former NFL tight end Don Hasselbeck and the younger brother of Matt Hasselbeck. He is married to The View co-host and former Survivor contestant Elisabeth Hasselbeck.
Tim Hasselbeck was born and raised in Norfolk, Massachusetts. He attended and played high school football at Xaverian Brothers High School in Westwood, Massachusetts. In three high school seasons, he threw for over 4,700 yards and 50 touchdowns. As a senior, Hasselbeck threw for 1,970 yards and 21 touchdowns, and ran for five touchdowns. After the season, he was named Player of the Year by both the Boston Globe and Boston Herald, Gatorade New England Player of the Year, and earned All-America honors from USA Today. Hasselbeck was also on the Xaverian's basketball team.
Hasselbeck attended Boston College, and played for the Boston College Eagles football team from 1996 through 2000. Hasselbeck played for the Eagles while his older brother, Matt, was their starting quarterback (a position Tim would later hold with the team). When he left Boston College, Tim was sixth in career passing with 3,980 yards and fifth in passing touchdowns with 29, sixth in total offense with 4,233 yards, seventh in passing completion percentage with 55.5 percent, seventh in pass completions (278), seventh in pass attempts (501) and seventh in career plays (636).
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Tim McCoy
Col. Tim McCoy (born Timothy John Fitzgerald McCoy April 10, 1891 – January 29, 1978) was an American actor, military officer, and expert on American Indian life and customs.
Born the son of an Irish Union Civil War soldier who later became police chief in Saginaw, he became a major film star most noted for his roles in Western films. He was so popular with youngsters as a cowboy star that he appeared on the cover of Wheaties cereal boxes.
He attended St. Ignatius College in Chicago and after seeing a wild west show there, left school and found work on a Wyoming ranch. He became an expert horseman and roper and developed a knowledge of the ways and languages of the Native American tribes in the area. He competed in numerous rodeos, then enlisted in the United States Army when America entered World War I.
McCoy was a decorated soldier in the United States Army during World War I (although not in combat or overseas) and again in World War II in Europe, rising to the rank of Colonel with the Army Air Corps and Army Air Forces. He also served the state of Wyoming as its Adjutant General between the wars with the brevet rank of Brigadier General. At 28, he was reputed to be the youngest Brigadier General in the history of the US Army.
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Tom Danielson
Tom Danielson (born March 13, 1978 in East Lyme, Connecticut, U.S.) is a professional road racing cyclist. Previously riding for the Saturn Team on the U.S. Pro Circuit, and for Fassa Bortolo in Europe, Danielson is currently a member of Garmin-Barracuda, but rode for the Discovery Channel team between 2005 and 2007.
Danielson currently holds the record for the fastest ascent of Mt. Washington, New Hampshire, in the Race to the Clouds competition. The previous record holder was another American cyclist, Tyler Hamilton. He also holds the record time for the Mt. Evans Hill Climb in Colorado, which traverses the highest paved road in North America, and of Lookout Mountain and Flagstaff Rd., also in Colorado.
Danielson had a very uneventful stint on the Division 1 Italian team Fassa Bortolo, missing the early spring campaign due to visa issues. Subsequently, he raced for the Discovery Channel team, with whom he won the 2005 Tour de Georgia.
Tom Danielson was to lead the Discovery Channel Pro Cycling Team in the 2.HC rated UCI 2007 Tour of Qinghai Lake, a very difficult multi-stage race set on the high-steppes of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau, but pulled out of the "world highest bicycle race" at the last moment. Nonetheless, his teammates Allan Davis and Fuyu Li went on to capture the 1st and 16th place positions in the opening stage 1 on July 14, 2007.
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Tony Reali
Anthony Joseph Paul "Tony" Reali (born July 4, 1978) is an American sports personality and television host, and the host of Around the Horn on ESPN. He is also the ombudsman or "stat boy" on Pardon the Interruption.
Born in Staten Island, New York, Reali spent most of his childhood living in New Jersey and graduated from Christian Brothers Academy in 1996. Reali was a sportscaster for WFUV at Fordham University from 1997-2000 as the voice of football and men's basketball. He also was a beat reporter covering the Yankees, Mets, Giants, and Jets. In May 2000, he wrote for WPIX-TV of New York.
Reali joined ESPN in 2000 as a researcher/writer for ESPN's quiz show 2 Minute Drill. He later joined Pardon the Interruption in October 2001 as "Stat Boy", where his role was to correct and fact-check hosts Tony Kornheiser and Michael Wilbon at the end of every episode. Reali became so popular that he started appearing daily on Tony Kornheiser's radio show for a daily segment called "Preview the Interruption", in which he discussed what was going to happen on PTI later on that afternoon. After Reali became the host of Around the Horn and his popularity continued to rise, Kornheiser and Wilbon eventually started introducing him by his actual name instead of simply calling him "Stat Boy." On occasion, Kornheiser will add several ridiculous middle names when introducing him to poke fun at his long name (such as Anthony Joseph Sage Rosenfels Reali). In addition to conducting his usual fact-checks, Reali now also judges Kornheiser and Wilbon when they play the games "Oddsmakers" and "Report Card" on the show and introduces the topics for segments such as "Over/Under" and "What's the Word."
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Topher Grace
Christopher John "Topher" Grace (pronounced /ˈtoʊfər/; born July 12, 1978) is an American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Eric Forman on the Fox sitcom That '70s Show, Eddie Brock/Venom in the Sam Raimi film Spider-Man 3, and Edwin in the 2010 film Predators.
Grace was born in New York City, the son of Pat, an assistant to the schoolmaster of the New Canaan Country School, and John, a Madison Avenue executive.
Grace grew up in Darien, Connecticut, where he knew actress Kate Bosworth, as well as Opie & Anthony producer Nathaniel Bryan, and was sometimes babysat by actress Chloë Sevigny, who later appeared with him in high school stage plays. Grace chose the name Topher because he did not want his full name abbreviated to Chris at school.
Grace was cast as Eric Forman on Fox's That '70s Show, which debuted in 1998. The sitcom was successful and Grace became well known among television watchers; he played the role until the seventh season. The series was renewed for another season despite his absence before its ending in 2006. His character was written out and was replaced with a new character named Randy Pearson who was portrayed by Josh Meyers. Grace makes a very brief guest appearance in the final episode.
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Totie Fields
Totie Fields (May 7, 1930 – August 2, 1978) was an American comedienne.
Fields was born Sophie Feldman in Hartford, Connecticut. She started singing in Boston clubs while still in high school, taking the stage name of Totie Fields. The name "Totie" was a childhood nickname, a corruption of her first name.[citation needed]
Fields gained fame during the 1960s and 1970s. Ed Sullivan gave Fields her first big break when he booked her on his show after seeing her perform at the Copacabana in New York. She made multiple appearances on The Ed Sullivan Show, The Mike Douglas Show, and The Merv Griffin Show, as well as a fifth season episode of Here's Lucy starring Lucille Ball.
In 1972, Fields wrote a humorous diet book entitled I Think I'll Start on Monday: The Official 8½ Oz. Mashed Potato Diet (i.e., 8.5 ounces (240 g)).
Fields was plagued with health problems the last two years of her life.
In April 1976, her left leg was amputated above the knee when surgery to remove a blood clot failed. This caused her to use an Amigo POV/Scooter for mobility.
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Travis Henry
Travis Deion Henry (born October 29, 1978 in Frostproof, Florida) is a former American football running back for the Buffalo Bills, Tennessee Titans and Denver Broncos. He was drafted by the Bills in the second round of the 2001 NFL Draft. He played college football at the University of Tennessee.
A Pro Bowl selection with the Bills in 2002, Henry has also played for the Tennessee Titans and Denver Broncos.
Henry was a Parade All-American and "Mr. Florida Football" as a running back at Frostproof High School. As a senior, he rushed for 4,087 yards and 42 touchdowns in 14 games. His team was state runner-up that year. Henry also played basketball and ran track.
Travis attended the University of Tennessee from 1997 to 2000. In his sophomore season, Travis was a member of the 1998 national championship team. He shared the backfield with fellow NFL running back Jamal Lewis his junior season and collected 916 yards and eight touchdowns. After his senior season, in which he rushed for 1,314 yards and 11 touchdowns, he was named first-team All-SEC by the Associated Press and the Sporting News.
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Tuan Le
Tuan Le (born February 15, 1978 in Paris, France) is a Vietnamese-American professional poker player, known for his aggression and risk-taking.
Of Vietnamese ancestry, Le was raised in Kansas City, USA, but by middle school age he was living in Los Angeles, California where he attended John Burroughs Junior High School, on McCadden and 6th Street. He later attended Cal State-Northridge as a finance major.
He began playing in the $20/$40 limit hold'em games at the Hustler Casino in Los Angeles, where he currently resides.
In 2004, he won his first World Poker Tour (WPT) event, earning himself over $1,500,000. In 2005, he finished first at the World Poker Tour Season 3 Championship, winning just over $2,800,000. He also won the WPT Battle of Champions III event, defeating Eli Elezra in the final heads-up confrontation. With those wins, Tuan became the all time leading money winner on the World Poker Tour, although he has since been overtaken in this ranking by Daniel Negreanu.
He considers Barry Greenstein to be his mentor, based on his book Ace on the River.
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Umberto Nobile
Umberto Nobile (Italian pronunciation: [umˈbɛrto ˈnɔbile]; January 21, 1885 – July 30, 1978) was an Italian aeronautical engineer and Arctic explorer. Nobile was a developer and promoter of semi-rigid airships during the Golden Age of Aviation between the two World Wars. He is primarily remembered for designing and piloting the airship Norge, which may have been the first aircraft to reach the North Pole, and which was indisputably the first to fly across the polar ice cap from Europe to America. Nobile also designed and flew the Italia, a second polar airship; this second expedition ended in a deadly crash and provoked an international rescue effort.
Born in Lauro, in the southern Italian province of Avellino, Nobile graduated from the University of Naples with degrees in both electrical and industrial engineering. In 1906 he began working for the Italian state railways, where he worked on electrification of the rail system. In 1911 his interests turned to the field of aeronautical engineering, and he enrolled in a one-year course offered by the Italian Army. Nobile had always been fascinated by the work of airship pioneers such as Ferdinand von Zeppelin. When Italy entered World War I in 1915, the then 29-year-old attempted three times to enlist, but was rejected as physically unfit for service.
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Vadim Salmanov
The composer Vadim Nikolayevich Salmanov (born in Saint Petersburg on 4 November 1912, died in Leningrad on 27 February 1978) is perhaps best known for his Symphony No. 2.
His father taught him piano as a child, and at 18 young Salmanov was all set to go to the Leningrad Conservatory when he instead decided to study geology, working as a geologist until 1935, when he at last went to the Leningrad Conservatory, where he studied composition with Mikhail Gnesin. After graduating, he worked as a composer until the onset of World War II, when he enlisted in the Army. After the war, he set poems by Blok and Yesenin relating to the war. Later on in his life, Salmanov set poems by García Lorca and Pablo Neruda, as well as Soviet poets.
His Symphony No. 1 in D minor was written in 1952, it uses Slav folk melodies and a motto theme heard at the beginning of the first movement recurs in the Finale. All his Symphonies were recorded by Evgeny Mravinsky, and the 1976 Symphony No. 4 was, like the first, dedicated to Mravinsky.
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Vanness Wu
Vanness Wu (traditional Chinese: 吳建豪; simplified Chinese: 吴建豪; pinyin: Wú Jiànháo; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ngô Kiàn-hô) is a American-born Taiwanese actor, singer, director, producer based in Asia. He was born on August 7, 1978 in Santa Monica, California and worked as a telemarketer before moving to Taiwan. Wu is a strong Christian as stated on his Facebook page: "Christ's Servant first, Entertainer second."., and takes part in to the popular Christian movement called the Moral Revolution, which emphasizes the importance of sexual intercourse only within marriage; which Wu supports.
Wu worked in a telephone company in Los Angeles upon graduating from highschool. He then moved to Taiwan shortly afterwards "searching for more to life" (as stated on his facebook page). Wu starred as Mei Zuo (美作), one of the F4 members, in Taiwanese drama series Meteor Garden. At the conclusion of the series, they continued to perform together and released three studio albums as boy band F4. In 2002, Wu was the second F4 member, after Vic Chou, to release his debut solo album, Body Will Sing. The track, "我討厭我自己" (I Hate Myself) is listed at number 95 on Hit Fm Taiwan's Hit Fm Annual Top 100 Singles Chart (Hit-Fm年度百首單曲) for 2002. The album was awarded one of the Top 10 Selling Mandarin Albums of the Year at the 2002 IFPI Hong Kong Album Sales Awards, presented by the Hong Kong branch of IFPI.
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Vibeke Stene
Vibeke Stene (pronounced vee-beh-keh) (born 17 August 1978) is a Norwegian spinto soprano singer. She is most often recognized as the former vocalist of the gothic metal band Tristania. Stene met the members of Tristania during her first years in high school. She joined the band shortly before they started recording their self-titled demo. At first she was meant to be only an additional singer, but later on she joined the band permanently. On 27 February 2007, Stene left Tristania for personal reasons. She stated that the reason was she wanted to pursue a long-held dream of hers, which was to teach singing.[citation needed]
In spring 2007, around the same time Stene left Tristania, the Finnish Symphonic Metal band Nightwish were going to announce the name of their new female vocalist. Due to Stene's recent departure from Tristania, it was widely discussed in the musical circles whether Vibeke would be inducted into Nightwish to replace Tarja Turunen. The rumor was quickly denied, however, when Stene said in an interview, "I am not the new singer in Nightwish."
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Vincent du Vigneaud
Vincent du Vigneaud (May 18, 1901 – December 11, 1978) was an American biochemist. He won a Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1955 for the isolation, structural identification, and total synthesis of the cyclic peptide, oxytocin.
du Vigneaud was graduated from Schurz High School in 1918. He began studying chemistry at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He was influenced by lectures of Carl Shipp Marvel. After receiving his M.S. in 1924 he joined DuPont.
He married Zella Zon Ford on June 12, 1924. Restarting his academic career in 1925, he joined the group of John R. Murlin at the University of Rochester for his Ph.D thesis. He was graduated in 1927 with his work, The Sulfur in Insulin.
After several post-doctoral positions with John Jacob Abel at Johns Hopkins University Medical School, Max Bergmann at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Leather Research in Dresden, and others, he became professor at the University of Illinois.
He next went to George Washington University Medical School in Washington, D.C. in 1932 and to Cornell Medical College in New York City in 1938, where he stayed until his emeritation in 1967. Following that retirement, he held a position at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.
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Virender Sehwag
Virender Sehwag pronunciation (help·info) (born 20 October 1978), affectionately known as Viru and the Nawab of Najafgarh, also called the Zen master of modern cricket, or the Viv Richards of this era by columnists, is one of the leading batsmen in the Indian cricket team. Sehwag is an aggressive right-handed opening batsman and a part-time right-arm off-spin bowler. He played his first One Day International in 1999 and joined the Indian Test cricket team in 2001. In April 2009, Sehwag became the only Indian to be honoured as the Wisden Leading Cricketer in the World for his performance in 2008, subsequently becoming the first player of any nationality to retain the award for 2009.
Sehwag holds multiple records including the highest score made by an Indian in Test cricket (319), which was also the fastest triple century in the history of international cricket (reached 300 off only 278 balls) as well as the fastest 250 by any batsman (in 207 balls against Sri Lanka on 3 December 2009 at the Brabourne Stadium in Mumbai). His other innings of 309 and 293 are also the second and third best by any Indian player. Sehwag also holds the distinction of being one of four batsmen in the world to have ever surpassed 300 twice in Test cricket, and the only one to score two triple centuries and take a five-wicket innings haul. In March 2009, Sehwag smashed the fastest century ever scored by an Indian in ODI cricket, from 60 balls. On 8 December 2011, he hit his maiden double century in ODI cricket, against West Indies, becoming the second batsman after Sachin Tendulkar to reach the landmark. His score remains the highest individual score in ODI cricket – 219 off 149 balls. He is the only player in world to score a double hundred in ODI and a triple hundred in Test Cricket.
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Vitor Belfort
Vítor Vieira Belfort (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvitoʁ viˈejɾɐ bɛwˈfɔʁ]; born April 1, 1977) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist and former UFC Light Heavyweight Champion. Belfort was born in Rio de Janeiro and studied jiu-jitsu with the Gracie family, namely Carlson Gracie. He received a black belt under Carlson and currently trains with Xtreme Couture, fighting in the middleweight division. He is currently ranked as the #3 middleweight in the world by MMA Weekly.
Vítor was born on April 1, 1977 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil to a French father and a Greek mother. Belfort is married to Joana Prado and together they have three children, a son named Davi (born February 5, 2005), a daughter named Victoria (born October 31, 2007), and a daughter named Kyara (born June 7, 2009).
Belfort also had a small part in a reality show on Brazilian television and appeared next to his wife when she was photographed for the Brazilian edition of Playboy.
On January 9, 2004, Vítor's sister, Priscila Belfort disappeared and the relatives received no information about her. In August 2007, a woman (identified as Elaine Paiva) confessed that she participated in her kidnapping and killing and that she was kidnapped to pay off a four thousand dollar debt Paiva had with drug dealers. Paiva was arrested along with three others alleged to be involved in the kidnapping. The group allegedly buried her body in the woods in Rio de Janeiro where police conducted searches but her remains have never been found. Her family however do not accept this version and believe that Priscila is still alive somewhere. Vítor still maintains a missing sign in the Brazilian version of his website.
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Wallace MacDonald
Wallace Archibald MacDonald (5 May 1891, Mulgrave, Nova Scotia, Canada - 30 October 1978, Santa Barbara California) was a Canadian silent film actor, and film producer.
Macdonald started as a messenger boy with the Dominion Steel Company in Sydney, Nova Scotia. He later worked up to teller with the Royal Bank in Sydney before the bank transferred him to Vancouver, British Columbia. From there, he moved to California where he acted on the stage before making inroads into Hollywood.
MacDonald initially began as an actor in films in 1914 and starred in almost 120 motion pictures between then and 1932. He had notable roles in such films as Youth's Endearing Charm in 1916 working with Mary Miles Minter and Harry von Meter.
Late in World War I he returned briefly to Nova Scotia to enlist in the 10th Canadian Siege Battery where he assisted in recruiting for the Canadian Army. With the advent of sound, MacDonald's acting career diminished, and most of roles between 1927 and 1932 went uncredited. He retired from acting in 1932 to concentrate on script writing. However, by 1937 he had recognized the potential of film production. It is in his role of producer that MacDonald is now probably best remembered. He produced well over 100 films between 1937 and 1959.
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Wendy Barrie
Wendy Barrie (18 April 1912 – 2 February 1978) was a British-born American actress who worked in British and American films.
Marguerite Wendy Jenkins was born in Hong Kong to British parents. Her father was a successful lawyer, and she was educated in elite schools in England and Switzerland.
While still in her teens, she began pursuing a career as an actress, helped by her red-gold hair and blue eyes. Adopting the stage name Wendy Barrie, perhaps in honour of Peter Pan author J.M. Barrie, who was her godfather. She began her acting life in English theatre then in 1932 made her screen debut in the film Threads, which was based upon a play.
Barrie went on to make a number of motion pictures for London Films under the Korda brothers, Alexander and Zoltan, the best known of which is 1933's The Private Life of Henry VIII, which starred Charles Laughton, Robert Donat, Merle Oberon, and Elsa Lanchester. Barrie portrayed Jane Seymour.
In 1934, she appeared in Freedom of the Seas and was contracted by Fox Film Corporation for a film directed by Scott Darling that was made in Britain. The following year, she moved to the United States and made her first Hollywood film for Fox opposite Spencer Tracy in the romantic comedy It's a Small World, followed by Under Your Spell with Lawrence Tibbett. Loaned to MGM, Barrie starred opposite James Stewart in the 1936 film Speed. In 1939 she starred with Richard Greene and Basil Rathbone in the 20th Century Fox version of The Hound of the Baskervilles and with Lucille Ball in RKO's Five Came Back. During the early 1940s, Barrie made several of The Saint and The Falcon mystery films with George Sanders. She made her final motion picture in 1954.
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Werner Arber
Werner Arber (born 3 June 1929 in Gränichen, Aargau) is a Swiss microbiologist and geneticist. Along with American researchers Hamilton Smith and Daniel Nathans, Werner Arber shared the 1978 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for the discovery of restriction endonucleases. Their work would lead to the development of recombinant DNA technology.
Werner Arber studied chemistry and physics at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zürich from 1949 to 1953. Late in 1953 he took an assistantship for electron microscopy at the University of Geneva, in time left the electron microscope, went on to research bacteriophages and write his dissertation on defective lambda prophage mutants. In his Nobel Autobiography, he writes:
In the summer of 1956, we learned about experiments made by Larry Morse and Esther and Joshua Lederberg on the lambda-mediated transduction (gene transfer from one bacterial strain to another by a bacteriophage serving as vector) of bacterial determinants for galactose fermentation. Since these investigators had encountered defective lysogenic strains among their transductants, we felt that such strains should be included in the collection of lambda prophage mutants under study in our laboratory. Very rapidly, thanks to the stimulating help by Jean Weigle and Grete Kellenberger, this turned out to be extremely fruitful. [...] This was the end of my career as an electron microscopist and in chosing genetic and physiological approaches I became a molecular geneticist.
wn.com/Werner_Arber -
Wes Bentley
Wesley Cook "Wes" Bentley (born September 4, 1978) is an American film actor known for his roles of Ricky Fitts in American Beauty and Seneca Crane in The Hunger Games.
Bentley was born in Jonesboro, Arkansas, the son of Cherie and David Bentley, who are United Methodist ministers. In 1996, he graduated from Sylvan Hills High School in Sherwood, Arkansas. Bentley then attended the Juilliard School's Drama Division (Group 29: 1996–2000) but left the school after one year to pursue his acting career.
Bentley has starred in several films, including the Oscar-winning film American Beauty, The Four Feathers, P2, and Ghost Rider. He starred in the thriller Dolan's Cadillac, based on the short story by Stephen King, and There Be Dragons by director Roland Joffé. Bentley is one of the main subjects in the documentary My Big Break, directed by Tony Zierra, which follows Bentley and three of his former roommates, Chad Lindberg, Brad Rowe and Greg Fawcett, as they pursue their dream to become successful actors in Hollywood.
wn.com/Wes_Bentley -
Wesley Jonathan
Wesley Jonathan Waples (born October 18, 1978), known professionally as Wesley Jonathan, is an American actor. He is best known for his starring role as Jamal Grant on the NBC Saturday morning dramedy series City Guys, the dim-witted Gary Thorpe on The WB sitcom What I Like About You, Sweetness in the 2005 film, Roll Bounce, and as Noah Cruise in the 2006 basketball film, Crossover.
Jonathan started acting as a child actor in the early 1990s and has had two main roles in two series; City Guys as Jamal Grant, and What I Like About You opposite Amanda Bynes and Jennie Garth as Holly's dim-witted best friend, Gary Thorpe. Jonathan landed his first job in a music video for Melissa Manchester. He then started working on 21 Jump Street.
Jonathan has starred, co-starred, or made guest appearances in several movies and television shows including: Sister, Sister, Moesha, Boy Meets World, Smart Guy, Thea, Baywatch, A Different World, Boston Public, Crossover, Divine Intervention, Roll Bounce, and the 2009 film Speed-Dating.
wn.com/Wesley_Jonathan -
Wietse van Alten
Wietse Cornelis van Alten (born 24 September 1978) is an archer from the Netherlands. Van Alten was born in Zaandam, in the municipality of Zaanstad. He has competed in archery since the age of seven.
Van Alten's first major international competition was the 1999 World Target Competition. He placed 8th there, earning a spot on the Olympic team.
In the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, van Alten lost to Simon Fairweather of Australia in the semifinals, but rebounded with the highest score of the tournament for a 12-arrow match by scoring 114 in the bronze medal match to defeat Magnus Petersson of Sweden and win the bronze medal. The Netherlands team, of which he was a member, placed 9th in the men's team competition.
After suffering an elbow injury which required surgery in 2001, van Alten returned to success in competition in 2003 when he placed 6th in the World Target Competition held in New York, United States.
Van Alten competed at the 2004 Summer Olympics in men's individual archery, trying to defend his bronze medal. His score in the 72-arrow ranking round was 661, giving him a starting rank of 14th. He won his first match 152-151 against Ricardo Merlos of El Salvador, advancing to the round of 32. In the second round of elimination, he was defeated by Ilario Di Buò of Italy 164-160. His final rank was 27th overall.
wn.com/Wietse_van_Alten -
Wilfred Bouma
Wilfred Bouma (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋɪl.frət ˈbʌu.ma]) (born 15 June 1978) is a Dutch footballer who plays for PSV Eindhoven. Bouma is a technically refined left back/centre back who is known for his hard working nature, defensive positioning and tackling ability.
Born in Helmond, North Brabant, Bouma started his career at amateur club SV Rood-Wit '62 before joining PSV on a youth contract in 1994. The PSV head coach at the time, Aad de Mos handed him his professional debut against Willem II on 26 October 1994 which his team lost 2–1. After not featuring for a long time, he was loaned out to MVV in 1996 and played in the Eerste Divisie where he scored seven goals in 18 games. The following season, he scored sixteen goals in 33 games after helping his team back into the Eredivisie. After impressing at Fortuna Sittard in 1998–99, he was drafted back into the PSV squad the following season.
At PSV, he played as a left winger and as forward because of his quick pace and direct passing, teaming up with Arnold Bruggink and at times, with Ruud van Nistelrooy. When Arthur Numan went off to Rangers at the end of the 1999–00 season, Bouma was moved to left-back where he had to compete with Danish international Jan Heintze.
wn.com/Wilfred_Bouma -
Will Geer
Will Geer (born William Aughe Ghere; March 9, 1902 – April 22, 1978) was an American actor and social activist. He is known for his portrayal of Grandpa Zebulon Tyler Walton in the 1970s TV series, The Waltons.
Geer was born in Frankfort, Indiana, the son of Katherine (née Aughe), a teacher, and A. Roy Ghere, a postal worker. He was deeply influenced by his grandfather, who taught him the botanical names of the plants in his native state. Geer started out to become a botanist, studying the subject and obtaining a master's degree at the University of Chicago. While at Chicago he also became a member of Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity.
He began his acting career touring in tent shows and on river boats. He worked on several left-oriented documentaries, including narrating Sheldon Dick's Men and Dust, about silicosis among miners.
Geer was also the lover of gay activist Harry Hay. In 1934, Hay met Geer at the Tony Pastor Theatre, where Geer worked as an actor. They became lovers, and Hay credited Geer as his political mentor. Hay and Geer participated in a milk strike in Los Angeles, where Hay was first exposed to radical gay activism in the person of "Clarabelle," a drag queen who held court in the Bunker Hill neighborhood, who hid Hay from police. Later that year, Hay and Geer performed in support of the San Francisco General Strike.
wn.com/Will_Geer -
William Shakespeare
William Shakespeare (baptised 26 April 1564; died 23 April 1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon". His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, and several other poems. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright.
Shakespeare was born and brought up in Stratford-upon-Avon. At the age of 18, he married Anne Hathaway, with whom he had three children: Susanna, and twins Hamnet and Judith. Between 1585 and 1592, he began a successful career in London as an actor, writer, and part owner of a playing company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men, later known as the King's Men. He appears to have retired to Stratford around 1613 at age 49, where he died three years later. Few records of Shakespeare's private life survive, and there has been considerable speculation about such matters as his physical appearance, sexuality, religious beliefs, and whether the works attributed to him were written by others.
wn.com/William_Shakespeare -
Willy Messerschmitt
Wilhelm Emil "Willy" Messerschmitt (June 26, 1898 – September 15, 1978) was a German aircraft designer and manufacturer. He was born in Frankfurt am Main, the son of a wine merchant. His stepfather was the American painter and Munich Academy Professor Carl von Marr.
Probably Messerschmitt's single most important design was the Messerschmitt Bf 109, designed in 1934 with the collaboration of Walter Rethel. The Bf 109 became the most important fighter in the Luftwaffe as Germany re-armed prior to World War II. To this day, it remains the most-produced fighter in history, with some 35,000 built. Another Messerschmitt aircraft, first called "Bf 109R", purpose-built for record setting, but later re-designated Messerschmitt Me 209, broke the absolute world air-speed record and held the world speed record for propeller-driven aircraft until 1969. His firm also produced the first jet-powered fighter to enter service — the Messerschmitt Me 262, although Messerschmitt himself did not design it.
As a young man, Messerschmitt befriended German sailplane pioneer Friedrich Harth. Harth joined the German army in 1914 and while he was away at war, Messerschmitt continued work on one of Harth's designs, the S5 glider. In 1917, Messerschmitt himself signed up for military service. Following the war, the two were re-united and continued to work together while Messerschmitt commenced study at the Munich Technical College and Harth built aircraft at the Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (BFW - Bavarian Aircraft Works). The S8 glider they designed and built together in 1921 broke a world duration record (albeit unofficially) and they went into partnership for a while running a flying school. The same year, the first plane entirely designed by Messerschmitt flew — the S9 glider.
wn.com/Willy_Messerschmitt -
Worm Miller
Joshua 'Worm' Miller (born 23 September 1978) is an American writer, director, and actor. He often collaborates with writer/actor Patrick Casey. On December 1, 2010 his first book, A Zombie's History of the United States: From the Massacre at Plymouth Rock to the CIA's Secret War on the Undead was released. His second book, this time written with Patrick Casey, The World Reduced to Infographics: From Hollywood's Life Lessons and Doomed Cities of the U.S. to Sociopathic Cats and What Your Drink Order Says About You, was released December 13, 2011.
wn.com/Worm_Miller -
Wyatt Emory Cooper
Wyatt Emory Cooper (September 1, 1927 – January 5, 1978) was an American author and screenwriter.
Cooper was born in Quitman, Mississippi, son of a poor family with deep Southern roots, and later moved to New Orleans, Louisiana, as a young child. Cooper moved to New York in his twenties to pursue acting. When he was 26, he appeared on Broadway in the cast of The Strong Are Lonely, a drama that ran for a week at the Broadhurst Theatre in the fall of 1953. Cooper also wrote stories and plays.
In his thirties Cooper lived in Los Angeles and worked as a screenwriter. He attended both UCLA and UC Berkeley. While residing in West Hollywood, then an unincorporated area of Los Angeles County, Cooper lived near Dorothy Parker and her husband Alan Campbell. A close friendship developed, and a year after Mrs. Parker's 1967 death Cooper published an incisive and widely-read profile of her in Esquire magazine. Cooper moved to Manhattan in the early 1960s and worked there as a magazine editor.
He married heiress Gloria Vanderbilt on December 24, 1963; Cooper was her fourth husband. The couple frequently appeared on the national "best-dressed" list. They had two sons, Carter Vanderbilt Cooper (1965–1988) and CNN anchor Anderson Cooper (b. 1967). "It is in the family that we learn almost all we ever know of loving," Wyatt Cooper wrote in his 1975 memoir. "In my sons' youth, their promise, their possibilities, my stake in immortality is invested."
wn.com/Wyatt_Emory_Cooper -
Xavier Nady
Xavier Clifford Nady VI ( /ɛkˈseɪvi.ər ˈneɪdi/; born November 14, 1978) is a Major League Baseball outfielder and first baseman for the Washington Nationals. He has previously played for the San Diego Padres, New York Mets, Pittsburgh Pirates, New York Yankees, Chicago Cubs, and Arizona Diamondbacks.
The St. Louis Cardinals originally drafted Nady in the 4th round of the 1997 Major League Baseball Draft (134th overall) after he was named Northern California Player of the Year in his senior year of high school, but he did not sign professionally at that time. Nady attended University of California, Berkeley, where he set the all-time Pac-10 Conference record for career slugging percentage (.729) for the California Golden Bears baseball team.
Nady was drafted in the second round of the 2000 Major League Baseball Draft by the San Diego Padres (49th overall). Nady signed a major league contract and became the 18th player to go directly to the major leagues without making his professional debut in the minor leagues since 1965.
wn.com/Xavier_Nady -
Yıldıray Baştürk
Yıldıray Baştürk (pronounced [jɯɫˈdɯˈɾaj baʃˈtyrk]; born 24 December 1978) is a retired German-born Turkish footballer who most recently played for English Premier League club Blackburn Rovers.
The son of a miner, Baştürk began his football career at Sportfreunde Wanne-Eickel. As a teenager Baştürk played for SG Wattenscheid 09, and his breakthrough in the Bundesliga came with city rivals VfL Bochum, for whom he even played in the UEFA Cup. After the 2001 transfer to Bayer 04 Leverkusen more success was coming his way. Baştürk and Leverkusen finished second in the German league, the German Cup and the 2002 Champions League Final.
In July 2004 he was transferred to Hertha BSC, where he remained until 2007 when his contract expired. Baştürk agreed to join German champions VfB Stuttgart on a Bosman transfer on 28 May 2007 for the start of the 2007–08 season.
On 27 January 2010, it was announced that Baştürk had agreed to join Blackburn Rovers from Stuttgart until the end of the season on a free transfer, after his contract with Stuttgart was terminated. Baştürk was handed his first start for Blackburn in the Premier League when he started against Wolverhampton Wanderers on 24 April 2010 at Molineux, however he was substituted at half-time. Baştürk was not offered a contract extension by Rovers.
wn.com/Yıldıray_Baştürk -
Zaheer Khan
Zaheer Khan pronunciation (help·info) (Marathi: झहीर खान; born 7 October 1978) is an Indian cricketer who has been a member of the Indian cricket team since 2000. A left arm fast-medium bowler, Zaheer is known for his ability to swing the ball both ways, and as a batsman also holds the record for the highest Test score by a No. 11. After leading the Indian pace attack for much of the early 2000s, recurring hamstring injuries in 2003 and 2004 forced him out of the team, and after returning for a year, he was dropped again in late 2005. Strong performances on the domestic circuit have seen him recalled to the team as its leading pace bowler. Zaheer can also use reverse swing.
Zaheer was selected in 2000 for the first intake of the National Cricket Academy in Bangalore.He made his Test debut against Bangladesh and ODI debut against Kenya during the ICC KnockOut Trophy in the same year.
In late 2005 pacemen Sreesanth and R. P. Singh made their international debuts and became regular members of the Indian team making it difficult for Zaheer to retain his position in the playing eleven. The Board of Control for Cricket in India demoted Zaheer from a B-grade to a C-grade contract at the end of the year. He returned for the 2006 tour of Pakistan, where India fielded three left arm pacemen and had difficulty dismissing Pakistan with a lack of variety in the bowling attack.
wn.com/Zaheer_Khan -
Zara Cully
Zara Cully Brown (January 26, 1892 – February 28, 1978) who adopted the stage name Zara Cully was an American character actress, known for her portrayal of the irascible Olivia 'Mother' Jefferson on the popular long-running CBS Television sitcom The Jeffersons.
Born in Worcester, Massachusetts, on January 26, 1892 Brown was one of ten children. She graduated from the Worcester School of Speech and Music, and was one of the oldest performers active in television at the time of her death. In 1940 after a stint in New York City she became known as "one of the world's greatest elocutionists". After moving to Jacksonville, Florida, she began producing, writing, directing, and acting in numerous plays. For 15 years she was a drama teacher at her own studio as well as at Edward Waters College, and had become known as Florida's "Dean of Drama" before numerous experiences with racism in the South directed her decision to leave for Hollywood, where she became a regular performer at the Ebony Showcase Theatre.
wn.com/Zara_Cully -
Zara Phillips
Zara Anne Elizabeth Tindall MBE (née Phillips; born 15 May 1981), known commonly as Zara Phillips, is the second child and only daughter of Anne, Princess Royal and her first husband Captain Mark Phillips and is 14th in the line of succession to the throne. She is married to former England rugby union player Mike Tindall, but has kept her own name for professional purposes, referring to herself otherwise as "Mrs Tindall". She is listed as 14th in the line of succession to the 16 Commonwealth realms as Mrs Michael Tindall.
An equestrian, Phillips won the Eventing World Championship in Aachen in 2006. The same year she was voted 2006 BBC Sports Personality of the Year by the British viewing public (an award her mother won in 1971). She was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2007 New Year's Honours List by her grandmother for her services to equestrianism.She has also carried an Olympic flame at Cheltenham Racecourse on her horse Toytown
She is the eldest granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. At the time of her birth she was sixth in line to succeed her grandmother, the Queen. As of the birth of her niece Isla Phillips in 2012, she is 14th in the line of succession to the thrones of 16 independent countries.
wn.com/Zara_Phillips -
Zoe Saldana
Zoe Saldana ( /sælˈdænə/ sal-DAN-ə; born June 19, 1978), sometimes stylized Zoë Saldaña, is an American actress. She had her breakthrough role in the 2000 film Center Stage and later gained prominence for her roles as Anamaria in Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, Uhura in the 2009 film Star Trek, and a starring role as Neytiri in James Cameron's Avatar. She also had a lead role in the action film Colombiana and the 2002 film Crossroads.
Saldana was born Zoe Yadira Saldaña Nazario or Zoe Yadira Saldana Nazario in Passaic, New Jersey. Her father, Aridio Saldaña, was Dominican, and her mother, Asalia Nazario, is a Dominican of half Dominican and half Puerto Rican descent. Her first languages are Spanish and English. She spent the majority of her early childhood growing up in Queens, New York. After her father died in a car accident when she was only nine years old, Saldaña moved to the Dominican Republic with her mother. There, Saldana discovered her love of dance and soon enrolled in the ECOS Espacio de Danza Academy; she studied ballet, jazz, and modern Latin dance. The family returned to Queens after her sophomore year in high school.
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Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Urdu: ذوالفقار علی بھٹو, Sindhi: ذوالفقار علي ڀُٽو, IPA: [zʊlfɪqɑːɾ ɑli bʱʊʈːoː]) (5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979) was 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977, and prior to that, 4th President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973. Bhutto was the founder of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and served as its chairman until his execution in 1979. His elder daughter, Benazir Bhutto, later also served as Prime Minister, while his son Murtaza Bhutto served as member of Parliament of Pakistan.
Educated at the University of Southern California and University of California, Berkeley in the United States and the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, Bhutto was noted for his progressive economic initiatives, industrialisation, education, and foreign policy, and his intellectualism. In addition to national security issues, Bhutto promoted his policies on nationalisation, health care, and social reforms. Under his premiership, Pakistan's Parliament gave approval and passed unanimously the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan, a supreme law that provides a parliamentary system to Pakistan, strengthened Sino-Pakistani and Saudi-Pakistani relations, recognised East-Pakistan as Bangladesh, and hosted the second Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in 1974 where he delegated and invited leaders from the Muslim world to Lahore, Punjab Province of Pakistan. In July 1972, Bhutto successfully proceeded the Shimla treaty, signed with Indira Gandhi of India, brought 93,000 Prisoners of War back to Pakistan, and secured 5,000 sq mi (13,000 km2) held by India. In 20 January 1972, weeks after the Indo-Pakistani 1971 winter war, Bhutto orchestrated, authorised, and administrated the scientific research on nuclear weapons; for this, he is colloquially known in the world as "Father of the Pakistan's nuclear deterrent programme".
wn.com/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto
She said
"Take a step back but please keep me in frame."
So I spent the next five years
standing in your way
I walked in with you alone
I'm walking out with you alone.
And I know just how you'd get
back at me
If I said that these songs
were about you.
You'd cry and say:
"I never meant to make you feel this way"
You'd cry and say:
"well it's been done, and it's too late"
Step back, but please keep me in frame
(keep me in frame, keep me in frame)
and I spent the next five years standing in your way.
I walked in with you alone
I'm walking out with you alone.
And it's too late.
and all that I have left
to give you now
to is a poor gift and that's myself.
She said
"take a step back,
but please keep me in frame"
(keep me in frame, keep me in frame)
and I spent so many years
just standing in your way
you walk in with me alone
and you walk out with me alone.
If I told you this song was about you.
(you'd cry and say, cry and say)
"I never meant to make you feel this way."
If I told you that this song was about you.
(you'd cry and say, cry and say)
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DIRE STRAITS - Sultans Of Swing (1978 UK TV Performance) ~ HIGH QUALITY HQ ~
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:10
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
top of the pops old grey whistle test 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 funkyboymark rock roll and funk punk new wave blues guitarist riffs riff slide guitar heroes at the bbc mark knopfler
http://wn.com/DIRE_STRAITS_Sultans_Of_Swing_1978_UK_TV_Performance_~_HIGH_QUALITY_HQ_~
top of the pops old grey whistle test 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 funkyboymark rock roll and funk punk new wave blues guitarist riffs riff slide guitar heroes at the bbc mark knopfler
Battlestar Galactica Opening Theme from 1978
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:11
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
The opening theme song from the sci-fi classic show called Battlestar Galactica. The show aired from 1978-81.
http://wn.com/Battlestar_Galactica_Opening_Theme_from_1978
The opening theme song from the sci-fi classic show called Battlestar Galactica. The show aired from 1978-81.
- published: 05 Feb 2009
- views: 645218
- author: classictvthemes2
The Avengers '78 movie promo
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:05
- Updated: 28 Jan 2013
The Avengers together for the first time in this 1978 made for TV movie.. They face off with their greatest foe yet... KISS, under the power of Loki, played by Paul Lynde. Music by Mandingo - "Snake Pit" www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/The_Avengers_'78_movie_promo
The Avengers together for the first time in this 1978 made for TV movie.. They face off with their greatest foe yet... KISS, under the power of Loki, played by Paul Lynde. Music by Mandingo - "Snake Pit" www.youtube.com
- published: 17 Mar 2012
- views: 2936553
- author: quarv
Patrick Depailler 1978 onboard Montreal wet lap
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:53
- Updated: 27 Jan 2013
Patrick Depailler 1978 onboard Montreal wet lap
http://wn.com/Patrick_Depailler_1978_onboard_Montreal_wet_lap
Jethro Tull - Thick as a Brick - Madison Square Garden 1978
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:54
- Updated: 28 Jan 2013
Jethro Tull performing an edited version of Thick as a Brick at Madison Square Garden in New York City, October 1978.
http://wn.com/Jethro_Tull_Thick_as_a_Brick_Madison_Square_Garden_1978
Jethro Tull performing an edited version of Thick as a Brick at Madison Square Garden in New York City, October 1978.
- published: 04 Jun 2006
- views: 3510101
- author: BenRossington
1978 Atari Commercial
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 0:31
- Updated: 28 Jan 2013
don't watch tv tonight, play it! i'm pretty sure that's a famous baseball player and don knotts in the breakout sequence. this is was made 10 years before i was born so it's kinda before my time.
http://wn.com/1978_Atari_Commercial
don't watch tv tonight, play it! i'm pretty sure that's a famous baseball player and don knotts in the breakout sequence. this is was made 10 years before i was born so it's kinda before my time.
- published: 09 Feb 2007
- views: 813059
- author: DocSloth
Boney M - Rivers of Babylon 1978
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:37
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Boney M - Rivers of Babylon 1978 By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down ye-eah we wept, when we remembered Zion. By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down ye-eah we wept, when we remembered Zion. When the wicked Carried us away in captivity Required from us a song Now how shall we sing the lord's song in a strange land When the wicked Carried us away in captivity Requiering of us a song Now how shall we sing the lord's song in a strange land Let the words of our mouth and the meditations of our heart be acceptable in thy sight here tonight Let the words of our mouth and the meditation of our hearts be acceptable in thy sight here tonight By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down ye-eah we wept, when we remembered Zion. By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down ye-eah we wept, when we remembered Zion.
http://wn.com/Boney_M_Rivers_of_Babylon_1978
Boney M - Rivers of Babylon 1978 By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down ye-eah we wept, when we remembered Zion. By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down ye-eah we wept, when we remembered Zion. When the wicked Carried us away in captivity Required from us a song Now how shall we sing the lord's song in a strange land When the wicked Carried us away in captivity Requiering of us a song Now how shall we sing the lord's song in a strange land Let the words of our mouth and the meditations of our heart be acceptable in thy sight here tonight Let the words of our mouth and the meditation of our hearts be acceptable in thy sight here tonight By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down ye-eah we wept, when we remembered Zion. By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat down ye-eah we wept, when we remembered Zion.
- published: 17 Jan 2008
- views: 4001670
- author: fritz5173
Jethro Tull - Live at Madison Square Garden 1978 - Full DVD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 93:16
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Full length concert, skip to 19:53 for live footage of the part of the concert that was captured on film Track list: 1. 00:00 Sweet Dream 2. 07:36 One Brown Mouse 3. 11:29 Heavy Horses 4. 19:53 Opening 5. 21:08 Thick As A Brick 6. 33:11 No Lullaby 7. 42:26 Songs From The Wood 8. 47:36 Band Introduction 9. 48:41 Quatrain 10. 49:22 Aqualung 11. 58:10 Locomotive Breath 12. 1:13:42 Too Old To Rock 'N' Roll: Too Young To Die 13. 1:18:09 My God /Cross Eyed Mary 14. 1:25:30 Encore: Locomotive Breath
http://wn.com/Jethro_Tull_Live_at_Madison_Square_Garden_1978_Full_DVD
Full length concert, skip to 19:53 for live footage of the part of the concert that was captured on film Track list: 1. 00:00 Sweet Dream 2. 07:36 One Brown Mouse 3. 11:29 Heavy Horses 4. 19:53 Opening 5. 21:08 Thick As A Brick 6. 33:11 No Lullaby 7. 42:26 Songs From The Wood 8. 47:36 Band Introduction 9. 48:41 Quatrain 10. 49:22 Aqualung 11. 58:10 Locomotive Breath 12. 1:13:42 Too Old To Rock 'N' Roll: Too Young To Die 13. 1:18:09 My God /Cross Eyed Mary 14. 1:25:30 Encore: Locomotive Breath
- published: 07 Jan 2012
- views: 703754
- author: NudIaug
Peter Gabriel - Rockpalast 1978 (full show)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 59:40
- Updated: 28 Jan 2013
Peter Gabriel has long been a favorite artist of mine. His music videos helped inspire me to get into stop motion and his live music has always reminded me how emotional a performance can get. Here is an early performance from before I was born! :o An inspiring piece of history which should be shared and preserved. www.brainphreak.net www.facebook.com
http://wn.com/Peter_Gabriel_Rockpalast_1978_full_show
Peter Gabriel has long been a favorite artist of mine. His music videos helped inspire me to get into stop motion and his live music has always reminded me how emotional a performance can get. Here is an early performance from before I was born! :o An inspiring piece of history which should be shared and preserved. www.brainphreak.net www.facebook.com
- published: 28 May 2011
- views: 205000
- author: brainphreak
Belton Sutherland: Blues #2 (1978)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:32
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Belton Sutherland (vocal and guitar) performs an improvised blues on Clyde Maxwell's porch. Shot by Alan Lomax, John Bishop, and Worth Long at Maxwell's farm near Canton, Mississippi, September 3, 1978. For more information about the American Patchwork filmwork, Alan Lomax, and his collections, visit culturalequity.org. [02.19.21]
http://wn.com/Belton_Sutherland_Blues_2_1978
Belton Sutherland (vocal and guitar) performs an improvised blues on Clyde Maxwell's porch. Shot by Alan Lomax, John Bishop, and Worth Long at Maxwell's farm near Canton, Mississippi, September 3, 1978. For more information about the American Patchwork filmwork, Alan Lomax, and his collections, visit culturalequity.org. [02.19.21]
- published: 16 Dec 2010
- views: 253595
- author: AlanLomaxArchive
Fangio vs Brabham, 1978
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:05
- Updated: 26 Jan 2013
Here is an extremely memorable piece of footage where 5-time world champion, Juan Manuel Fangio, aged 66, races against Jack Brabham. The 4 lap 'demonstration' was run after the Australian Grand Prix at Sandown in 1978. With Fangio in his W196 Mercedes Benz and Brabham in his Repco Brabham, a car 12 years newer than Fangio's. An awesome exhibition of great racing cars, pushed to their limit against one another, a special clip.
http://wn.com/Fangio_vs_Brabham,_1978
Here is an extremely memorable piece of footage where 5-time world champion, Juan Manuel Fangio, aged 66, races against Jack Brabham. The 4 lap 'demonstration' was run after the Australian Grand Prix at Sandown in 1978. With Fangio in his W196 Mercedes Benz and Brabham in his Repco Brabham, a car 12 years newer than Fangio's. An awesome exhibition of great racing cars, pushed to their limit against one another, a special clip.
- published: 13 Oct 2006
- views: 124987
- author: edisjasarevic
Jethro Tull - Thick as a brick - live - 1978 - DVD
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 11:40
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Jethro Tull 1978 in Madison Square Garden performing a special version of "Thick as a brick" Taken from the full concert www.youtube.com If you enjoy this live snippet of Jethro Tulls amazing concept album "Thick as a brick" i highly recommend getting the full album, it is arguably one of the greatest albums ever made, and i mean it!
http://wn.com/Jethro_Tull_Thick_as_a_brick_live_1978_DVD
Jethro Tull 1978 in Madison Square Garden performing a special version of "Thick as a brick" Taken from the full concert www.youtube.com If you enjoy this live snippet of Jethro Tulls amazing concept album "Thick as a brick" i highly recommend getting the full album, it is arguably one of the greatest albums ever made, and i mean it!
- published: 25 Nov 2010
- views: 795440
- author: NudIaug
Jethro Tull Aqualung Live 1978
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:46
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Jethro Tull performing Aqualung on 1978 at Madison Square Garden. Copyright does not belong to me
http://wn.com/Jethro_Tull_Aqualung_Live_1978
Jethro Tull performing Aqualung on 1978 at Madison Square Garden. Copyright does not belong to me
- published: 29 Aug 2010
- views: 198643
- author: Chandler Stasiak
Jaco Pastorius 02~Weather Report September 28 1978
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:29
- Updated: 25 Jan 2013
Jaco Pastorius 02~Weather Report September 28 1978
http://wn.com/Jaco_Pastorius_02~Weather_Report_September_28_1978
Jaco Pastorius 02~Weather Report September 28 1978
- published: 08 Feb 2007
- views: 193145
- author: jassblue
Jennifer Granholm on the Dating Game (1978)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 8:58
- Updated: 18 Sep 2012
The former Governor of Michigan's appearance on the Dating Game in 1978. Ms. Granholm was 19 years of age at the time. The video was provided by bachelor number one, Michael Darby, who at that time was an aspiring comedy writer.
http://wn.com/Jennifer_Granholm_on_the_Dating_Game_1978
The former Governor of Michigan's appearance on the Dating Game in 1978. Ms. Granholm was 19 years of age at the time. The video was provided by bachelor number one, Michael Darby, who at that time was an aspiring comedy writer.
- published: 08 Sep 2012
- views: 526772
- author: stonebagel
Van Halen-Van Halen (Full album) 1978
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 35:34
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
1.Runnin' With The Devil (0:00-3:37) 2.Eruption (3:37-5:20) 3.You Really Got me (5:20-7:58) 4.Ain't Talkin' 'Bout Love (7:58-11:48) 5.I'm The One (11:48-15:34) 6.Jamie's Cryin' (15:34-19:05) 7.Atomic Punk (19:05-22:07) 8.Feel Your Love Tonight (22:07-25:49) 9.Little Dreamer (25:49-29:12) 10.Ice Cream Man (29:12-32:32) 11.On Fire (32:32-35:33)
http://wn.com/Van_Halen-Van_Halen_Full_album_1978
1.Runnin' With The Devil (0:00-3:37) 2.Eruption (3:37-5:20) 3.You Really Got me (5:20-7:58) 4.Ain't Talkin' 'Bout Love (7:58-11:48) 5.I'm The One (11:48-15:34) 6.Jamie's Cryin' (15:34-19:05) 7.Atomic Punk (19:05-22:07) 8.Feel Your Love Tonight (22:07-25:49) 9.Little Dreamer (25:49-29:12) 10.Ice Cream Man (29:12-32:32) 11.On Fire (32:32-35:33)
- published: 06 Feb 2012
- views: 254143
- author: Greenmanalishi91666
1978 Yanks Sox Playoff.mp4
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:30
- Updated: 18 Jan 2013
http://wn.com/1978_Yanks_Sox_Playoffmp4
Genesis Live in Concert 1978 Part 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 54:14
- Updated: 27 Jan 2013
I hope you will enjoy my little movie, it took me alot hours to sync it :) Ripples is still missing,but I will reupload it again some day,but then with Ripples. There is no Complete Footage of Follow You Follow Me,Squonk and Down and out/Ballad of Big, so these are missing here as well
http://wn.com/Genesis_Live_in_Concert_1978_Part_1
I hope you will enjoy my little movie, it took me alot hours to sync it :) Ripples is still missing,but I will reupload it again some day,but then with Ripples. There is no Complete Footage of Follow You Follow Me,Squonk and Down and out/Ballad of Big, so these are missing here as well
- published: 01 Jan 2012
- views: 65059
- author: Mamagog666
ac⚡dc - riff raff (Bon Scott 1978 HQ - EPIC PERFORMANCE!) ɟɟɐɹ ɟɟıɹ - ɔp⚡ɔɐ
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:25
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Ya see it on television every day Hear it on the radio It ain't humid but it sure is hot Down in Mexico Boss man tryin' to tell me Beginnin' of the end Sayin' it'll bend me Too late my friend Riff raff It's good for a laugh Riff raff Go on and laugh yourself in half Now I'm the kinda guy that keeps his big mouth shut It don't bother me Somebody kickin' me when I'm up Leave me in misery I never shot nobody Don't ever carry a gun I ain't done nothin' wrong I'm just havin' fun Riff raff It's good for a laugh Riff raff Go on and laugh yourself in half
http://wn.com/ac⚡dc_riff_raff_Bon_Scott_1978_HQ_EPIC_PERFORMANCE!_ɟɟɐɹ_ɟɟıɹ_ɔp⚡ɔɐ
Ya see it on television every day Hear it on the radio It ain't humid but it sure is hot Down in Mexico Boss man tryin' to tell me Beginnin' of the end Sayin' it'll bend me Too late my friend Riff raff It's good for a laugh Riff raff Go on and laugh yourself in half Now I'm the kinda guy that keeps his big mouth shut It don't bother me Somebody kickin' me when I'm up Leave me in misery I never shot nobody Don't ever carry a gun I ain't done nothin' wrong I'm just havin' fun Riff raff It's good for a laugh Riff raff Go on and laugh yourself in half
- published: 07 Apr 2009
- views: 361135
- author: DakotaPunk
Meat Loaf 1978 Two Out Of Three Ain't Bad
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:10
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Meat Loaf My Blog is here. kouji328.blog59.fc2.com
http://wn.com/Meat_Loaf_1978_Two_Out_Of_Three_Ain't_Bad
Meat Loaf My Blog is here. kouji328.blog59.fc2.com
- published: 30 Sep 2009
- views: 1169395
- author: KOUJI322
![Kenny Rogers - The Gambler [Original Video-Edit] 1978](http://web.archive.org./web/20130130040138im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/Jj4nJ1YEAp4/default.jpg "Kenny Rogers - The Gambler [Original Video-Edit] 1978")
Kenny Rogers - The Gambler [Original Video-Edit] 1978
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:33
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
Kenny Rogers - The Gambler Label: United Artists Records 1978 Producer: Larry Butler Written: D. Schlitz Capitol Records EMI
http://wn.com/Kenny_Rogers_The_Gambler_Original_Video-Edit_1978
Kenny Rogers - The Gambler Label: United Artists Records 1978 Producer: Larry Butler Written: D. Schlitz Capitol Records EMI
- published: 19 May 2012
- views: 574322
- author: DiscoBar80
Dire Straits - 1978-1993 - 10 Albums - OML BOX 3.8
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 577:43
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
Turn On Annotations Turn on PlaylistBOX (Transcript) on the right of the [Add to] icon Proton Annotations Browser For Mobile itunes.apple.com 2005...Private Investigations 00:00:00 1 - Telegraph Road - [14.20] 00:14:20 2 - Sultans Of Swing - [5.48] 00:20:09 3 - Love Over Gold - [6.18] 00:26:28 4 - Romeo And Juliet - [6.00] 00:32:29 5 - Tunnel Of Love - [8.11] 00:40:41 6 - Private Investigations - [5.59] 00:46:41 7 - So Far Away - [5.07] 00:51:49 8 - Money For Nothing - [8.24] 01:00:13 9 - Brothers In Arms - [6.59] 01:07:11 10 - Walk Of Life - [4.10] 01:11:22 11 - Your Latest Trick - [6.29] 01:17:52 12 - Calling Elvis - [6.24] 01:24:16 13 - On Every Street - [5.03] 01:29:20 14 - Going Home - [5.02] 01:34:22 15 - Darling Pretty - [4.43] 01:39:06 16 - The Long Road - [7.19] 01:46:25 17 - Why Aye Man - [4.09] 01:50:35 18 - Sailing To Philadelphia - [5.53] 01:56:28 19 - What It Is - [4.55] 02:01:24 20 - The Trawlerman's Song - [5.02] 02:06:27 21 - Boom, Like That - [5.49] 02:12:16 22 - All The Roadrunning - [4.49] 1993...Encores 02:17:06 1 - Your Latest Trick - [5.43] 02:22:50 2 - The Bug - [5.26] 02:28:17 3 - Solid Rock - [5.21] 02:33:39 4 - Local Hero (Wild Theme) - [4.20] 1991...On Every Street 02:37:57 1 - Calling Elvis - [6.25] 02:44:23 2 - On Every Street - [5.03] 02:49:27 3 - When It Comes To You - [5.02] 02:54:29 4 - Fade To Black - [3.49] 02:58:19 5 - The Bug - [4.17] 03:02:36 6 - You And Your Friend - [5.59] 03:08:35 7 - Heavy Fuel - [5.12] 03:13:47 8 - Iron Hand ...
http://wn.com/Dire_Straits_1978-1993_10_Albums_OML_BOX_38
Turn On Annotations Turn on PlaylistBOX (Transcript) on the right of the [Add to] icon Proton Annotations Browser For Mobile itunes.apple.com 2005...Private Investigations 00:00:00 1 - Telegraph Road - [14.20] 00:14:20 2 - Sultans Of Swing - [5.48] 00:20:09 3 - Love Over Gold - [6.18] 00:26:28 4 - Romeo And Juliet - [6.00] 00:32:29 5 - Tunnel Of Love - [8.11] 00:40:41 6 - Private Investigations - [5.59] 00:46:41 7 - So Far Away - [5.07] 00:51:49 8 - Money For Nothing - [8.24] 01:00:13 9 - Brothers In Arms - [6.59] 01:07:11 10 - Walk Of Life - [4.10] 01:11:22 11 - Your Latest Trick - [6.29] 01:17:52 12 - Calling Elvis - [6.24] 01:24:16 13 - On Every Street - [5.03] 01:29:20 14 - Going Home - [5.02] 01:34:22 15 - Darling Pretty - [4.43] 01:39:06 16 - The Long Road - [7.19] 01:46:25 17 - Why Aye Man - [4.09] 01:50:35 18 - Sailing To Philadelphia - [5.53] 01:56:28 19 - What It Is - [4.55] 02:01:24 20 - The Trawlerman's Song - [5.02] 02:06:27 21 - Boom, Like That - [5.49] 02:12:16 22 - All The Roadrunning - [4.49] 1993...Encores 02:17:06 1 - Your Latest Trick - [5.43] 02:22:50 2 - The Bug - [5.26] 02:28:17 3 - Solid Rock - [5.21] 02:33:39 4 - Local Hero (Wild Theme) - [4.20] 1991...On Every Street 02:37:57 1 - Calling Elvis - [6.25] 02:44:23 2 - On Every Street - [5.03] 02:49:27 3 - When It Comes To You - [5.02] 02:54:29 4 - Fade To Black - [3.49] 02:58:19 5 - The Bug - [4.17] 03:02:36 6 - You And Your Friend - [5.59] 03:08:35 7 - Heavy Fuel - [5.12] 03:13:47 8 - Iron Hand ...
- published: 26 Sep 2012
- views: 57174
- author: OldMusicLibrary
EARTH WIND & FIRE "SEPTEMBER" ORIGINAL VIDEO VERY GOOD HQ ! 1978
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:36
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
EW &F; ,one of the largest group disco ever ! American President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama are big fans of Earth, Wind & Fire
http://wn.com/EARTH_WIND_FIRE_SEPTEMBER_ORIGINAL_VIDEO_VERY_GOOD_HQ_!_1978
EW &F; ,one of the largest group disco ever ! American President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama are big fans of Earth, Wind & Fire
- published: 28 Jun 2009
- views: 3060866
- author: Laocoon Humanum
photo: US DoD / U.S. Army Staff Sgt Sun L. Vega, Joint Staff
27 Jan 2013
TEL AVIV – Now that he has secured his second term, President Barack Obama has already secretly pledged to the Palestinians he will press Israel into a new round of so-called land-for-peace negotiations, a top Palestinian Authority negotiator told WND. The negotiator said top members of the Obama administration told the Palestinians the U.S....(size: 2.2Kb)
photo: AP / Ronald Mendes-Agencia RBS
27 Jan 2013
Tweet. Police say at least 232 people have died in a fire that swept through a crowded nightclub in southern Brazil. Around 117 others were injured after the blaze broke out while a band was performing at the Kiss club in the southern city of Santa Maria at about 2am (local time). Police earlier said more than 245 people had died in the fire. It is thought pyrotechnics being used for the concert may have caused the blaze ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
photo: AP / Khalil Hamra
29 Jan 2013
Cairo • An unpredictable new element has entered Egypt’s wave of political unrest. a mysterious group of masked young men called the Black Bloc who present themselves as the defenders of protesters opposed to the Islamist president’s rule. They boast that they’re willing to use force to fight back against Islamists who have attacked protesters in the past — or against police who crack down on demonstrations ... Photos. Join the Discussion ... ....(size: 8.0Kb)
photo: AP / Jerome Delay
29 Jan 2013
French-led forces on Monday seized Mali’s fabled desert city of Timbuktu in a lightning advance north as Islamists fleeing the city torched a building housing priceless ancient manuscripts ... Only one Islamist stronghold, the town of Kidal further north, remains to be retaken ... “We are winning in Mali.” ... Keywords....(size: 1.6Kb)
photo: AP / Khalil Hamra
28 Jan 2013
Egyptian President Mohamed Morsy on Sunday declared a state of emergency and a nightime curfew for one month in three restive cities after days of deadly violence. Mr. Morsy, facing his worst crisis since taking office in June, said the measures would take effect on Sunday night in the cities of Port Said, Suez and Ismailia ... Keywords....(size: 1.7Kb)
Toronto Sun
30 Jan 2013
TORONTO - . She thought she was finally home ... She thought she was safe at last. But in reality, the 14-year-old had been placed in a hornet’s nest ... Now 35 years later, Smith, the retired TTC general superintendent for surface routes, has pleaded guilty to sexually assaulting a girl between 14 and 16 and having illicit sexual intercourse with a foster daughter between April 26, 1978, and July 13, 1978 ... ....(size: 4.6Kb)
noodls
30 Jan 2013
(Source ... Director General Emeritus Nakajima made great efforts for global public health during his ten years as WHO Regional Director for the Western Pacific (1978-1988) and ten years as Director General of the WHO (1988-1998) ... (* The foregoing is a provisional translation ... (END). distributed by....(size: 1.9Kb)
The New York Times
30 Jan 2013
If you hated disco back then, chances are you might stop reading ... According to an online biography of the group, the opening line of A Taste of Honey's 1978 hit song, "Boogie Oogie Oogie," was inspired by an especially tough and unresponsive audience at an American military base ... After the group was signed by Capitol Records in 1978, their debut album produced "Boogie Oogie Oogie," which soared to No ... Payne and Ms ... ....(size: 9.9Kb)
Chicago Sun-Times
30 Jan 2013
Updated. January 29, 2013 9.27PM. On Sunday, Steppenwolf Theatre will open its production of “The Birthday Party” by Harold Pinter ... It was John Malkovich, an original company member, who introduced us to Pinter’s work back in the mid-’70s; in 1976, we did productions of “The Lover” and “The Dumbwaiter.” I remember the first time I read “The Caretaker,” the first Pinter play I acted in, which John directed in 1978. Powerful stuff ... ....(size: 2.7Kb)
The Star
30 Jan 2013
KUCHING ... PRS president Tan Sri Dr James Masing said. At the Federal level, some ministerial changes seem to favour Umno ... Moggie was the Energy, Telecommunications and Post Minister from 1978 to 1989 and Federal Works Minister from 1989 to 1995, while Samy was Works and Utilities Minister 1979-1989; Energy, Telecommunications and Post Minister 1989-1995 and Works Minister 1995-2008. I understand that political scenarios have changed ... ....(size: 3.2Kb)
Irish Times
30 Jan 2013
CONOR KANE. A former religious brother and priest was in custody last night after being found guilty of 13 counts of indecently assaulting a schoolboy over 30 years ago ... Mr Desmond was remanded in custody in the meantime ... The other instances of abuse happened on Saturdays between 1978 and 1980, the victim said, when Br Cornelius asked him to come into school to help out with cleaning ... ....(size: 3.4Kb)
photo: AP / Gregorio Borgia
30 Jan 2013
SS Lazio defeats Juventus FC 2-1 in the second leg of the semi-final of the Coppa Italia, also known as the TIM Cup, and qualifies for the final ... In the first leg of this semi-final, the game had ended in a 1-1 tie, as Lazio had played away ... Tweet. 0 Email. PrintReport. J.L ... J.L. is a huge fan of soccer, following the sport ever since he was a child in Argentina where he witnessed a whole country celebrate a World Cup title in 1978. J.L ... ....(size: 6.0Kb)
The Los Angeles Times
30 Jan 2013
He was 86. Maragha, better known as Abu Musa, died of cancer Tuesday in Damascus, where he had lived for many years, his aides and hospital officials told the Associated Press ... His role in confronting the Syrians was widely viewed as the reason he became the target of an assassination attempt in the Lebanese town of Nabatiyeh in 1978. He survived, although he was hit by a hail of bullets. Syria was alleged to be behind the attack ... 0 ... ... . ....(size: 32.8Kb)
Tampabay.com
30 Jan 2013
Andrew MeachamTampa Bay Times. ADVERTISEMENT. ADVERTISEMENT. Story Tools Print this story Purchase reprints Contact the editor Email Newsletters. ST. PETERSBURG — A citation from the city drew even more attention to Maher Chevrolet than the American flags in front of the business, unfurling gracefully with the freedom of the wind ... Mr ... He graduated from Lawrence Technological University and worked for General Motors from 1966 to 1978....(size: 5.0Kb)
The Examiner
30 Jan 2013
Canadian songstress Amy Rose is a little bit country and a little bit rock and roll. She is said to be both “down-home country” and “sophisticated musical veteran” and “one of Ontario, Canada’s best-known secrets.” If Rose has her way though she may soon be racking up larger fan bases everywhere including here in L.A. Rose says. “I have never had the chance to play L.A ... I absolutely love L.A." ... ... He has been a published writer since 1978 ... ....(size: 8.8Kb)
The Florida Times Union
30 Jan 2013
Mayor Alvin Brown announced Tuesday that the Jacksonville Veterans Memorial Arena will host the 2013 Florida Sports Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony on April 27 ... “It will be a unique opportunity for the entire city to meet these legendary figures and pay homage to their careers.” ... The event starts with a VIP reception at 5.30 p.m., with dinner beginning at 7 ... He won more than 15 mini-tour events before earning his PGA Tour card in 1978 ... ....(size: 8.2Kb)
Huffington Post
30 Jan 2013
WASHINGTON –- Sen ... But on Tuesday, the 89-year-old senator took a more serious tone when asked about his plans for 2014, giving no indication that he plans to retire ... I don't blame them." ... 27, 1978 <strong>Years of service.</strong> 36 years, 2 months, 24 days <strong>Source.</strong> <a href=""http.//www.senate.gov/senators/Biographical/longest_serving.htm">United" States Senate</a> Sen ... ....(size: 15.5Kb)
Huffington Post
30 Jan 2013
ESPN analysts and anchors appear to even talk about Tim Tebow off the air ... Schlereth seemed to be talking to Storm about an unnamed player and his ability -- or inability -- to switch positions. "... WATCH VIDEO ABOVE ... @markschlereth ... JAN ... JAN ... 15, 1978 (Superdome, New Orleans) -- Dallas Cowboys quarterback Roger Staubach calls out the signals at the line of scrimmage as he prepares for the snap in Super Bowl XII against the Denver Broncos....(size: 19.4Kb)
This article is about the year 1978.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 19th century – 20th century – 21st century |
| Decades: | 1940s 1950s 1960s – 1970s – 1980s 1990s 2000s |
| Years: | 1975 1976 1977 – 1978 – 1979 1980 1981 |
| 1978 by topic: |
| Subject |
| By country |
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Works and introductions categories |
| Gregorian calendar | 1978 MCMLXXVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2731 |
| Armenian calendar | 1427 ԹՎ ՌՆԻԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6728 |
| Bahá'í calendar | 134–135 |
| Bengali calendar | 1385 |
| Berber calendar | 2928 |
| British Regnal year | 26 Eliz. 2 – 27 Eliz. 2 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2522 |
| Burmese calendar | 1340 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7486–7487 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁巳年十一月廿二日 (4614/4674-11-22) — to —
戊午年十二月初二日(4615/4675-12-2) |
| Coptic calendar | 1694–1695 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1970–1971 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5738–5739 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 2034–2035 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1900–1901 |
| - Kali Yuga | 5079–5080 |
| Holocene calendar | 11978 |
| Iranian calendar | 1356–1357 |
| Islamic calendar | 1398–1399 |
| Japanese calendar | Shōwa 53 (昭和53年) |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 13 days |
| Korean calendar | 4311 |
| Minguo calendar | ROC 67 民國67年 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2521 |
| Unix time | 252460800–283996799 |
 |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: 1978 |
Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.
Events[link]
January[link]
- January 1
- The Copyright Act of 1976 takes effect, making sweeping changes to United States copyright law.
- Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes into the ocean near Bombay, killing 213.
- January 4 – A referendum in Chile supports the policies of Augusto Pinochet.
- January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of CHP forms the new government of Turkey (42nd government)
- January 6 – The Holy Crown of Hungary (also known as Stephen of Hungary Crown) is returned to Hungary from the United States, where it was held since World War II.
- January 10 – Pedro Joaquín Chamorro Cardenal, a critic of the Nicaraguan government, is assassinated. Riots erupt against Somoza's government.
- January 14–January 15 – The body of former U.S. Vice President Hubert Humphrey lies in state in the Capitol Rotunda, following his death from cancer.
- January 15 – The Dallas Cowboys defeated the Denver Broncos, 27-10, to win Super Bowl XII.
- January 18 – The European Court of Human Rights finds the United Kingdom government guilty of mistreating prisoners in Northern Ireland, but not guilty of torture.
- January 19 – Federal Appeals Court Judge William H. Webster is appointed FBI Director.
- January 22 – Ethiopia declares the ambassador of West Germany Persona non grata.
- January 24
- Soviet satellite Cosmos 954 burns up in Earth's atmosphere, scattering debris over Canada's Northwest Territories.
- Rose Dugdale and Eddie Gallagher become the first convicted prisoners to marry in prison in the history of the Republic of Ireland.
- January 25–January 27 – The Great Blizzard of 1978 strikes the Ohio Valley and Great Lakes, killing 70.
- January 28 – Richard Chase, the "Vampire of Sacramento", is arrested.
February[link]
- February 1
- A bomb explodes outside the Hilton Hotel in Sydney, Australia, killing 2 garbagemen, a policeman and injuring several others.
- Hollywood film director Roman Polanski skips bail and flees to France, after pleading guilty to charges of engaging in sex with a 13-year-old girl.
- February 5–February 7 – The Northeastern United States blizzard of 1978 hits the New England region and the New York metropolitan area, killing about 100 and causing over US$520 million in damage.
- February 6 – King Dragon operation in Arakan: Burmese General Ne Win targets Muslim minorities in the village of Sakkipara.
- February 8 – United States Senate proceedings are broadcast on radio for the first time.
- February 11
- Pacific Western Airlines Flight 314, a Boeing 737-200, crashes in Cranbrook, British Columbia, killing 44 of the 50 people on board.
- Sixteen Unification Church couples wed in New York, New York.
- Somalia mobilizes its troops, due to an apparent Ethiopian attack.
- The People's Republic of China lifts a ban on works by Aristotle, William Shakespeare and Charles Dickens.
- February 15
- Rhodesia's prime minister Ian Smith and 3 black leaders agree on the transfer to black majority rule.
- Serial killer Ted Bundy is captured in Pensacola, Florida.
- February 16
- The Hillside Strangler, a serial killer prowling Los Angeles, claims a tenth and final victim.
- The first computer bulletin board system (CBBS) is created in Chicago.
- February 19 – Egyptian raid on Larnaca International Airport
- February 21 – Electrical workers in Mexico City find the remains of the Great Pyramid of Tenochtitlan in the middle of the city.
March[link]
- March 1 – Charlie Chaplin's remains are stolen from Cosier-sur-Vevey, Switzerland.
- March 2 – Soyuz 28 (Aleksei Gubarev, Vladimir Remek) is launched on a rendezvous with Salyut 6, with the first cosmonaut from a third country (besides the Soviet Union and United States) – Czechoslovak citizen Vladimír Remek.
- March 3
- Ethiopia admits that its troops are fighting with the aid of Cuban soldiers against Somalian troops in Ogaden.
- Rhodesia attacks Zambia.
- The New York Post publishes an article about David Rorvik's book The Cloning of Man, about a supposed cloning of a human being.
- March 6 – American porn publisher Larry Flynt is shot and paralyzed in Lawrenceville, Georgia.
- March 10 – Soyuz 28 lands.
- March 11 – Coastal Road Massacre: Palestinian terrorists kill 34 Israelis.
- March 14 – Operation Litani: Israeli forces invade Lebanon.
- March 16 – Former Italian Premier Aldo Moro is kidnapped by the Red Brigades; 5 bodyguards are killed.
- March 17 – The oil tanker Amoco Cadiz runs aground on the coast of Brittany.
- March 18
- Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Prime Minister of Pakistan, is sentenced to death by hanging for ordering the assassination of a political opponent.
- California Jam II is held at the Ontario Motor Speedway in Ontario, California, attracting 300,000+ fans.
- March 22 – Karl Wallenda of the Flying Wallendas dies after falling off a tight-rope between two hotels in San Juan, Puerto Rico.
- March 26 – The control tower and some other facilities of New Tokyo International Airport, which was scheduled to open on March 31, are illegally occupied and damaged by terrorist attack by New Left activists, being forced to reschedule its opening date to May 20.
- March 28 – Stump v. Sparkman (435 U.S. 349): The Supreme Court of the United States hands down a 5–3 decision in a controversial case involving involuntary sterilization and judicial immunity.
April[link]
- April 1
- New Zealand National Airways Corporation the Domestic airline of New Zealand was merged with New Zealand's international airline, Air New Zealand.
- Dick Smith of Dick Smith Foods tows a fake iceberg to Sydney Harbour.
- The Philippine College of Commerce, through a presidential decree, is converted to the Polytechnic University of the Philippines.
- April 3 – The 50th Academy Awards are held at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles, California with Annie Hall winning Best Picture.
- April 7 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter decides to postpone production of the neutron bomb – a weapon which kills people with radiation but leaves buildings relatively intact.
- April 8 – Regular radio broadcasts of British Parliament proceedings start.
- April 9 – Somali military officers stage an unsuccessful coup against the government of Siad Barre; security forces thwart the attempt within hours, and several conspirators are arrested.
- April 10 – Volkswagen becomes the second (after Rolls-Royce) non-American automobile manufacturer to open a plant in the United States, commencing production of the Rabbit, the North American version of the Volkswagen Golf, at the Volkswagen Westmoreland Assembly Plant near New Stanton, Pennsylvania with a unionized (UAW) workforce (the plant closes in 1992.)
- April 14 – 1978 Tbilisi Demonstrations: Thousands of Georgians demonstrate against an attempt by Soviet authorities to change the constitutional status of the Georgian language.
- April 18 – The U.S. Senate votes 68–32 to turn the Panama Canal over to Panamanian control on December 31, 1999.
- April 22
- Izhar Cohen & the Alphabeta win the Eurovision Song Contest 1978 for Israel with their song "A-Ba-Ni-Bi".
- The One Love Peace Concert is held at National Heroes Stadium in Kingston, Jamaica. Bob Marley unites 2 opposing political leaders at this concert, bringing peace to the civil war-ridden streets of the city.
- April 25 – St. Paul, Minnesota becomes the 2nd U.S. city to repeal its gay rights ordinance after Anita Bryant's successful 1977 anti-gay campaign in Dade County, Florida.
- April 27 – Afghanistan President Daoud Khan is killed during a military coup; Nur Mohammed Taraki succeeds him.
- April 30 – The Democratic Republic of Afghanistan is proclaimed, under pro-communist leader Nur Mohammed Taraki.
May[link]
- May 4
- Battle of Cassinga occurs in southern Angola.
- Communist activist Henri Curiel is murdered in Paris.
- May 5 – Pete Rose of the Cincinnati Reds gets his 3,000th major league hit.
- May 8
- Norway opens a natural gas field in the Polar Sea.
- Reinhold Messner (Italy) and Peter Habeler (Austria) made the first ascent of Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen.
- May 9 – In Rome, the corpse of former Italian prime minister Aldo Moro is found in a red Renault 4.
- May 12 – In Zaire, rebels occupy the city of Kolwezi, the mining centre of the province of Shaba. The Zairean government asks the U.S., France and Belgium to restore order.
- May 12–May 13 – A group of mercenaries led by Bob Denard oust Ali Soilih in the Comoros; 10 local soldiers are killed. Denard forms a new government.
- May 15 – Students of the University of Tehran riot in Tabriz; the army stops the riot.
- May 17 – Charles Chaplin's coffin is found some 15 km from the cemetery from which it was stolen, near Lake Geneva.
- May 18
- Soviet dissident Yuri Orlov is sentenced to 7 years hard labor for distributing 'counterrevolutionary material'.
- Sarajevo is selected to host the 1984 Winter Olympics and Los Angeles is selected to host the 1984 Summer Olympics.
- May 18–May 19 – Belgian and French paratroopers fly to Zaire to aid the fight against the rebels.
- May 19–May 20 – French Foreign Legion paratroopers land in Kolwezi, Zaire, to rescue Europeans in the middle of a civil war.
- May 20 – Mavis Hutchinson, 53, becomes the first woman to run across the U.S.; her trek took 69 days.
- May 22 – Exiled leaders Ahmed Abdallah and Mohammed Ahmed return to the Comoros.
- May 25 – A bomb explodes in the security section of Northwestern University, wounding a security guard (the first Unabomber attack).
- May 26 – In Atlantic City, New Jersey, Resorts International, the first legal casino in the eastern United States, opens.
- May 28 – Indianapolis 500: Al Unser wins his third race, and the first for car owner Jim Hall.
- May 29 – Ali Soilih is found dead in the Comoros, allegedly shot when trying to escape.
June[link]
- June 1 – The 1978 FIFA World Cup starts in Argentina.
- June 3 – The Congo Republic recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR).
- June 6 – California voters approve Proposition 13, which slashes property taxes nearly 60%.
- June 9 – The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints extends the priesthood and temple blessings to 'all worthy males', ending a general policy of excluding 'Canaanites' from Priesthood ordination and temple ordinances.
- June 12 – Serial killer David Berkowitz, the "Son of Sam," is sentenced to 365 years in prison.
- June 15 – King Hussein of Jordan marries 26-year-old Lisa Halaby, who takes the name Queen Noor.
- June 19
- Cricketer Ian Botham becomes the first man in the history of the game to score a century and take 8 wickets in 1 inning of a Test match.
- Garfield, which eventually becomes the world's most widely syndicated comic strip, makes its debut.
- June 20 – A magnitude 6.5 earthquake hits Thessaloniki, Greece's second largest city, killing 45 people, injuring hundreds and damaging some of the city's Byzantine landmarks.
- June 21
- A shootout between Provisional IRA members and the British Army leaves 1 civilian and 3 IRA men dead.
- 1978 Iranian Chinook shootdown: Iranian helicopters stray into Soviet airspace and are shot down.
- June 22
- Charon, a satellite of Pluto, is discovered.
- São Tomé and Príncipe recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR).
- June 23 – Panamá recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR).
- June 24
- Yemen Arab Republic President Ahmad al-Ghashmi is killed.
- The Gay & Lesbian Solidarity March is held in Sydney, Australia to mark 10th Anniversary of the Stonewall Riots (which later becomes the annual Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras; later incorporating a festival).
- June 25 – Argentina defeats the Netherlands 3–1 after extra time to win the 1978 FIFA World Cup.
- June 26 – A bombing by Breton nationalists causes destruction in Versailles.
- June 28
- The U.S. scientific satellite Seasat is launched.
- University of California Regents v. Bakke: The Supreme Court of the United States bars quota systems in college admissions but affirms the constitutionality of programs which give advantages to minorities.
- June 30 – Ethiopia begins a massive offensive in Eritrea.
July[link]
- July 3 – Amazon Cooperation Treaty (ACT) signed.
- July 7 – The Solomon Islands become independent from the United Kingdom.
- July 11 – More than 200 tourists die in an explosion of a tanker-truck at a campsite in Costa Daurada, Spain.
- July 25
- Cerro Maravilla incident: Two Puerto Rican pro-independence activists are killed in a police ambush.
- Louise Brown, the world's first test tube baby, is born in Oldham, Greater Manchester, UK.
August[link]
- August 6 – Pope Paul VI dies in Castelgandolfo.
- August 17 – Double Eagle II becomes the first balloon to successfully cross the Atlantic Ocean, flying from Presque Isle, Maine, to Miserey, France.
- August 26 – Pope John Paul I succeeds Pope Paul VI as the 263rd Pope.
September[link]
- September 5 – Camp David Accords: Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat begin the peace process at Camp David, Maryland.
- September 7 – In London, England, a poison-filled pellet, supposedly injected using an umbrella, poisons Bulgarian defector Georgi Markov, probably on orders of Bulgarian intelligence; he dies 4 days later.
- September 8 – Iranian Army troops open fire on rioters in Teheran, killing 122, wounding 4,000.
- September 16 – General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq officially assumes the post of President of Pakistan.
- September 17 – The Camp David Accords are signed between Israel and Egypt.
- September 19 – Police in the West Midlands of England launch a massive murder hunt, when 13-year-old newspaper boy Carl Bridgewater is shot dead after disturbing a burglary.
- September 20 – General Rahimuddin Khan assumes the post of Martial Law Governor of Balochistan.
- September 25
- PSA Flight 182, a Boeing 727, collides with a small private airplane and crashes in San Diego, California; 144 are killed.
- Giuseppe Verdi's opera Otello makes its first appearance on Live from the Met, in a complete production of the opera starring Jon Vickers. This is the first complete television broadcast of the opera in the U.S. since the historic 1948 one.
- September 27 – The last Forest Brother guerilla movement fighter is discovered and killed in Estonia.
- September 28 – Pope John Paul I dies after only 33 days of papacy.
October[link]
- October 1
- Vietnam attacks Cambodia.
- Tuvalu becomes independent from the United Kingdom.
- October 2
- The New York Yankees defeat the Boston Red Sox 5–4 at Fenway Park to clinch the AL East after being 14 games out of first place only two months earlier. The Yankees would eventually go on to defeat the Kansas City Royals and Los Angeles Dodgers and win the World Series.
- October 7 – Wranslide in New South Wales: the Wran government is re-elected with an increased majority.
- October 8 – Australia's Ken Warby sets the current world water speed record of 317.6 mph (511.13 km/h at Blowering Dam, Australia.
- October 10
- A massive short circuit in Seasat's electrical system ends the satellite's scientific mission.
- U.S. President Jimmy Carter signs a bill that authorizes the minting of the Susan B. Anthony dollar.
- October 14
- Daniel arap Moi becomes president of Kenya.
- United States President Jimmy Carter signs a bill into law which allows homebrewing of beer in the United States.
- October 16 – Pope John Paul II succeeds Pope John Paul I as the 264th pope. He is the first Polish pope in history.
- October 17 – The New York Yankees clinch their 22nd World Series championship, defeating the Dodgers 7–2 in Los Angeles and winning the Series 4 games to 2.
- October 20 – The first Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras is held as a protest march and commemoration of the Stonewall Riots.
- October 27 – Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin win the Nobel Peace Prize for their progress toward achieving a Middle East accord.
November[link]
- November 2 – RTÉ 2 went on air in 1978 at 8:00 pm and the channel renamed in 1988 as Network 2, later RTÉ Network Two in 1995, later N2 in 1997 and finally, RTÉ Two in 2004 and still on air.
- November 3
- Dominica gains its independence from the United Kingdom.
- Equatorial Guinea recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR).
- November 5 – Rioters sack the British Embassy in Tehran.
- November 7
- Indira Gandhi is re-elected to the Indian parliament.
- California voters defeat the Briggs Initiative that would have prohibited gay school teachers.
- November 9 – Tanzania recognizes the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR).
- November 18 – Jonestown incident: In Guyana, Jim Jones leads his Peoples Temple cult in a mass murder-suicide that claims 918 lives in all, 909 of them at Jonestown itself, including over 270 children. Congressman Leo J. Ryan is assassinated by members of Peoples Temple shortly beforehand.
- November 19 – The first U.S. Take Back the Night march occurs in San Francisco.
- November 27 – In San Francisco, California, Mayor George Moscone and City Supervisor Harvey Milk are assassinated by former Supervisor Dan White.
- November 30 – Publication of The Times is suspended due to labor problems until November 13, 1979.
December[link]
- December 4 – Dianne Feinstein succeeds the murdered George Moscone as San Francisco, California's first woman mayor (she serves until January 8, 1988).
- December 6 – The Spanish Constitution officially restores the country's democratic government.
- December 11
- Lufthansa heist: Six men rob a Lufthansa cargo facility in New York City's John F. Kennedy International Airport.
- Two million demonstrate against the Shah in Iran.
- December 13 – The first Susan B. Anthony dollar enters circulation.
- December 15 – Cleveland, Ohio becomes the first major American city to go into default since the Great Depression, under Mayor Dennis Kucinich.
- December 16 – Train 87 from Nanjing to Xining collides with train 368 from Xi'an to Xuzhou near Yangzhuang railway station in China, killing 106, injuring 218.
- December 19 – Former Prime Minister of India Indira Gandhi is arrested and jailed for a week for breach of privilege and contempt of parliament.
- December 22
- The pivotal Third Plenum of the 11th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is held in Beijing, with Deng Xiaoping reversing Mao-era policies to pursue a program for Chinese economic reform.
- Chicago serial killer John Wayne Gacy, who was subsequently convicted of the murder of 33 young men, is arrested.
- Argentina started the Operation Soberanía against Chile.
- December 25 – Vietnam launches a major offensive against the Khmer Rouge of Cambodia.
- December 27 – The Constitution of Spain is approved in a referendum, officially ending 40 years of military dictatorship.
Date unknown[link]
- Artificial insulin is invented.
- David Rorvik claims he has participated in a creation of a human clone in his book In His Image.
- Abortion is legalized in Italy for the first time.
- In Seoul, Korea, construction begins on Seoul Subway Line 2.
- Ford initiates a recall for the Pinto because of a public outcry resulting from deaths associated with gas tank explosions
Births[link]
January[link]
- January 1 – Phillip Mulryne, Northern Irish footballer
- January 2
- Toyoguchi Megumi, Japanese voice actress
- Karina Smirnoff, Ukrainian dancer
- January 3
- Kimberley Locke, American singer and model
- Park Sol-mi, South Korean actress
- January 4 – Karine Ruby, French snowboarder (d. 2009)
- January 5 – Franck Montagny, French Formula One driver
- January 7 – Emilio Palma, Argentine citizen, first human born in Antarctica
- January 9
- Chad Ocho Cinco, American football player
- AJ McLean, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
- January 10 – Kanako Mitsuhashi, Japanese seiyuu
- January 11 – Emile Heskey, English football player
- January 14 – Shawn Crawford, American runner
- January 15 – Franco Pellizotti, Italian professional road racing cyclist
- January 19 – Bamboo Mañalac, Filipino musician and singer
- January 24 – Mark Hildreth, Canadian actor/voice actor
- January 26 – Kelly Stables, American actress
- January 28
- Gianluigi Buffon, Italian goalkeeper (football)
- Jamie Carragher, English footballer
- January 31 – Ibolya Oláh, Hungarian singer
February[link]
- February 2
- Barry Ferguson, Scottish footballer
- Guido Kaczka, Argentine television show host and actor
- February 5
- Brian Russell, American football player
- Samuel Sánchez, Spanish road bicycle racer
- February 7 – Ashton Kutcher, American actor (That '70s Show)
- February 12
- Gethin Jones, British (Welsh) television presenter
- Silver Meikar, Estonian politician
- February 13 – Niklas Bäckström, Finnish hockey player (Minnesota Wild)
- February 14
- Richard Hamilton, American basketball player
- Darius Songaila, Lithuanian basketball player
- February 15 – Tuan Le, American poker player
- February 16
- John Tartaglia, American Broadway actor and Muppeteer
- Tia Hellebaut, Belgian athlete
- February 17 – Jacob Wetterling, American child kidnapping victim (missing since 1989)
- February 19 – Kenyatta Wright, American football linebacker
- February 20 – Julia Jentsch, German actress
- February 22
- Jordhy Ledesma, Dominican Republic web architect and poet
- Jenny Frost, English singer (Atomic Kitten)
- February 23 – Dan Snyder, Canadian hockey player (d. 2003)
- February 24 – Leon Constantine, British Leeds United footballer
- February 27 – Kakha Kaladze, Georgian and AC Milan footballer
- February 28
- Benjamin Raich, Austrian Olympic skier
- Jeanne Cherhal, French singer-songwriter
March[link]
- March 1 – Jensen Ackles, American actor
- March 2 – Tomas Kaberle, Czech hockey player
- March 4 – Denis Dallan, Italian rugby union footballer
- March 6 – Sage Rosenfels, American football player
- March 10 – Benjamin Burnley, American musician (Breaking Benjamin)
- March 11 – Didier Drogba, Ivory Coast footballer
- March 12
- Masuimi Max, American fetish model
- Neal Obermeyer, American editorial cartoonist
- March 13
- Tom Danielson, American cyclist
- Kenny Watson, American football player
- March 14
- Pieter van den Hoogenband, Dutch swimmer
- Carl Johan Bergman, Swedish biathlete
- Moon Hee Jun, Korean singer
- Carlo Giuliani, Italian anarchist (d. 2001)
- March 17 – Jason M. Burns, American writer
- March 21 – Rani Mukherji, Indian actress
- March 22 – Josh Heupel, American football player
- March 29 – Igor Rakocevic, Serbian basketball player
- March 31
- Stephen Clemence, English footballer
- Jérôme Rothen, French footballer
April[link]
- April 1
- Vitor Belfort, Brazilian martial artist
- Antonio de Nigris, Mexican footballer (d. 2009)
- April 3
- Matthew Goode, English actor
- John Smit, South African rugby union player
- April 4 – Jason Ellison, American baseball player
- April 5 – Franziska van Almsick, German swimmer
- April 6
- Tim Hasselbeck, American football player
- Myleene Klass, English singer (Hear'Say), pianist, media personality and model
- April 7 – Duncan James, English singer (Blue)
- April 9
- Jorge Andrade, Portuguese footballer
- Rachel Stevens, English singer (S Club 7)
- April 12 – Guy Berryman, Scottish musician
- April 13 – Kyle Howard, American television and movie actor
- April 15 – Anna Torv, Australian Actress
- April 16
- Matthew Lloyd, Australian rules footballer
- Lara Dutta, Indian actress and Miss Universe 2000
- April 17
- Jason White, Scottish rugby union player
- Juan Guillermo Castillo, Uruguayan goalkeeper
- April 19 – James Franco, American actor
- April 20
- Mirei Kuroda, Japanese gravure idol
- Matt Austin, Canadian actor
- April 21 – Jukka Nevalainen, Finnish drummer (Nightwish)
- April 23 – Princess Tamara Czartoryski-Borbon, Spanish athlete
- April 25 – Duncan Kibet, Kenyan long-distance runner
- April 28 – Nate Richert, American musician and former actor
May[link]
- May 3
- Lawrence Tynes, American football player
- Autumn Phillips, wife of Peter Phillips, son of Anne, Princess Royal
- May 4
- Erin Andrews, ESPN personality
- Daisuke Ono, Japanese seiyuu
- May 6 – Aleksandr Fyodorov, Russian bodybuilder
- May 7
- Brian Clevinger, American author
- Shawn Marion, American basketball player
- May 8 – Josie Maran, American supermodel and actress
- May 9 – Marwan al-Shehhi, United Arab Emirates hijacker (d. 2001)
- May 10
- Kenan Thompson, American actor (Saturday Night Live)
- Marcelo Moretto, Brazilian footballer
- May 11 – Laetitia Casta, French supermodel and actress
- May 12
- Hossein Reza Zadeh, Iranian weightlifter
- Jason Biggs, American actor
- Aya Ishiguro, Japanese singer, writer, and fashion designer
- May 13
- Mike Bibby, American basketball player
- Barry Zito, American baseball player
- May 15
- Caroline Dhavernas, French-Canadian actress
- Dwayne De Rosario, Canadian footballer
- David Krumholtz, American actor
- Krissy Taylor, American model (d. 1995)
- May 18 – Ricardo Carvalho, Portuguese footballer
- May 19 – Marcus Bent, English footballer
- May 21
- Adam Gontier, lead singer of Canadian band Three Days Grace
- Briana Banks, German-American porn star
- May 22 – Katie Price (Jordan), English model and television personality
- May 23
- Scott Raynor, Drummer and founding member of Blink-182
- Carolyn Moos, American model and professional basketball player
- May 25 – Brian Urlacher, American football player
- May 26 – Benji Gregory, former American actor
- May 29
- Lorenzo Odone, American adrenoleukodystrophy patient (d. 2008)
- Adam Rickitt, English actor, singer and model
June[link]
- June 1 – Antonietta Di Martino, Italian high-jumper
- June 2
- Nikki Cox, American actress
- Ian Edmond, British swimmer
- June 4 – Simone Maludrottu, Italian boxer
- June 6
- Judith Barsi, American child actress (d. 1988)
- Carl Barât, English musician
- June 7 – Bill Hader, American actor (Saturday Night Live)
- June 8 – Maria Menounos, American actress, journalist, and television presenter
- June 9 – Miroslav Klose, German football player
- June 10
- Shane West, American actor
- Han Hee-Won, South Korean golfer
- Karl Scully, Irish tenor
- June 11 – Joshua Jackson, Canadian actor
- June 15 – Wilfred Bouma, Dutch football player
- June 19
- Dirk Nowitzki, German basketball player
- Mía Maestro, Argentine actress
- Zoe Saldana, American actress
- June 20
- Quinton Jackson, American mixed martial arts fighter
- Frank Lampard, English footballer
- June 21
- Erica Durance, Canadian actress
- Jean-Pascal Lacoste, French singer, actor and TV host
- June 22
- Champ Bailey, American football player
- Dan Wheldon, English race car driver (d. 2011)
- Tim Driesen, Belgian actor and singer-songwriter
- June 24
- Emppu Vuorinen, Finnish rock musician (Nightwish)
- Juan Roman Riquelme, Argentine football player
- Shunsuke Nakamura, Japanese football player
- June 25
- Aftab Shivdasani, Indian actor
- Marcus Stroud, American football player
- Layla El, British wrestler
- Aramis Ramírez, Dominican baseball player
- June 27 – Anna Kumble, English pop singer and TV presenter
- June 28 – Ha Ji-won, South Korean actress and singer
- June 29 – Nicole Scherzinger, American pop lead singer (Pussycat Dolls)
- June 30
- Ben Cousins, Australian rules footballer
- Pat Dennis, American football player
July[link]
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- July 1 – Hillary Tuck, American actress
- July 3 – Mizuki Noguchi, Japanese long-distance runner
- July 4
- Tony Reali, American sports personality
- Becki Newton, American actress
- July 6
- Kevin Senio, New Zealand rugby union footballer
- Tia and Tamera Mowry, American actresses
- July 8
- Rachel Lillis, American actress
- Eve Myles, Welsh actress
- July 9
- Linda Park, Korean-born actress
- Mark Medlock, German pop singer ('Deutschland sucht den Superstars Season 4)
- July 12
- Bradley Eustace, Australian composer
- Topher Grace, American actor
- Michelle Rodriguez, American actress
- July 15
- Greg Sestero, French-American actor and model
- July 18
- Shane Horgan, Irish rugby player
- Ben Sheets, American baseball player
- July 20 – Elliott Yamin, American singer
- July 21
- Josh Hartnett, American actor
- Kyoko Iwasaki, Japanese swimmer
- July 23
- Stuart Elliott, Northern Irish footballer
- Stefanie Sun, Singapore singer
- July 25
- Louise Brown, British citizen, first human born through in vitro fertilization
- Gerard Warren, American football player
- July 26 – Jehad Muntasser, Libyan footballer
August[link]
- August 3 – Mariusz Jop, Polish footballer
- August 4 – Kurt Busch, American race-car driver
- August 6
- Marisa Miller, American supermodel
- Freeway, American rapper
- Peng Cheng-min, Taiwanese baseball player
- August 7
- Alexandre Aja, French director
- Vanness Wu, Taiwanese singer
- August 8 – Countess Vaughn, American actress
- August 17
- Vibeke Stene, Norwegian rock singer (Tristania)
- Jelena Karleuša,Serbian Pop Singer
- August 18 – James Corden, English actor and comedian
- August 21
- Reuben Droughns, American football player
- Alan Lee, Irish footballer
- August 23 – Kobe Bryant, American basketball player
- August 24 – Rafael Furcal, Dominican baseball player
- August 25 – Kel Mitchell, American actor
- August 28 – Kelly Overton, American actress
- August 29 – Danielle Hampton, Canadian actress
- August 30 – Swizz Beatz, American record producer and rapper
September[link]
- September 4 – Wes Bentley, American actor
- September 6
- Mathew Horne, English actor
- Homare Sawa, Japanese footballer
- September 7 – Devon Sawa, Canadian actor
- September 11
- September 12 – Ruben Studdard, American singer
- September 14 – Ben Cohen, English rugby union player
- September 15 – Eiður Guðjohnsen, Icelandic football player
- September 17 – Jennifer Rosales, Filipino golfer
- September 20
- Jason Bay, Canadian baseball player
- Patrizio Buanne, Italian singer
- Sarit Hadad, Israeli pop singer
- September 22 – Harry Kewell, Australian footballer
- September 23 – Worm Miller, American screenwriter, director, actor
- September 24 – Wietse van Alten, Dutch archer
- September 25 – Jodie Kidd, English model
- September 29 – Kurt Nilsen, Norwegian singer
- September 30 – Candice Michelle, American professional wrestler and model
October[link]
.jpg)
- October 2 – Ayumi Hamasaki, Japanese singer
- October 3 – Shannyn Sossamon, American actress
- October 4
- October 5
- Shane Ryan, Irish Gaelic footballer
- Morgan Webb, television personality, gameshow host
- October 9 – Nicky Byrne, Irish musician (Westlife)
- October 10 – Francis Escudero, Filipino congressman, senator (Chiz)
- October 14
- Paul Hunter, English snooker player (d. 2006)
- Usher Raymond IV, American singer and actor
- October 18
- Wesley Jonathan, American actor
- Mike Tindall, husband of Zara Phillips, daughter of Anne, Princess Royal
- October 20
- Kira, German singer
- Virender Sehwag, Indian cricketer
- October 21 – Joey Harrington, American football player
- October 24 – Carlos Edwards, Trinidadian footballer
- October 25 – Russell Anderson, Scottish footballer
- October 26
- Antonio Pierce, American football player
- Phil "CM Punk" Brooks, American professional wrestler
- October 27 – Vanessa-Mae, Singaporean violinist
- October 28 – Justin Guarini, American singer
- October 29 – Travis Henry, American football player
- October 30 – Matthew Morrison, American actor and singer
November[link]
- November 1 – Manju Warriar, Indian actress
- November 5 – Bubba Watson, American golfer
- November 6
- Taryn Manning, American actress
- Sandrine Blancke, Belgian actress
- November 7
- Zaheer Khan, Indian cricketer
- Mark Read, English singer (A1)
- November 8 – Ali Karimi, Iranian football player
- November 9 – Sisqó, American actor and singer
- November 10
- November 11 – Jyothika, Indian actress
- November 13 – Hsu Wei Lun, Taiwanese actress (d. 2007)
- November 14
- Bobby Allen, American ice hockey player
- Xavier Nady, American baseball player
- November 17
- Reggie Wayne, American football player
- Rachel McAdams, Canadian actress
- November 18 – Damien Johnson, Northern Irish footballer
- November 19 – Matt Dusk, Canadian jazz musician & singer
- November 21 – Annie, Norwegian singer
- November 24 – Katherine Heigl, American actress
- November 25 – Shiina Ringo, Japanese singer and musician
- November 26 – Jun Fukuyama, Japanese seiyuu
- November 27 – Mike Skinner, English musician
- November 29 – Ludwika Paleta, Polish-Mexican actress
- November 30
- Emil Steiner, American author
- Gael Garcia Bernal, Mexican actor
December[link]
- December 1 – Mat Kearney, American singer/songwriter and musician
- December 2 – Nelly Furtado, Canadian-born singer and songwriter
- December 5 – Olli Jokinen, Finnish ice hockey player
- December 7 – Shiri Appleby, American actress
- December 8
- Ian Somerhalder, American actor
- Vernon Wells, American baseball player
- December 9
- Jesse Metcalfe, American actor
- Gaston Gaudio, Argentine tennis player
- December 10 – Brandon Novak, American freestyle skateboarder and TV/radio personality
- December 12 – Monica Barladeanu, Romanian actress
- December 15 – Jerome McDougle, American football player
- December 16 – Joe Absolom, British actor
- December 17
- Manny Pacquiao, Filipino boxer
- Chase Utley, American baseball player
- December 18
- Daniel Cleary, Canadian ice hockey player
- Katie Holmes, American actress
- December 19 – Patrick Casey, American screenwriter and actor
- December 20
- Geremi, Cameroon footballer
- Jacqueline Saburido, Venezuelan-born drunk driving accident survivor and promoter of non-drunk driving
- December 21 – Shaun Morgan, lead singer of South African band Seether
- December 22 – Edo Maajka, Bosnian rapper
- December 23
- Andra Davis, American football player
- Jodie Marsh, British model
- Víctor Martínez, Venezuelan baseball player
- Estella Warren, Canadian swimmer, model, and actress
- December 24 – Yıldıray Baştürk, Turkish footballer
- December 26 – Kaoru Sugayama, Japanese volleyball player
- December 29 – Alexis Amore, Peruvian actress, dancer, and model
- December 30 – Heath Evans, American football player
Deaths[link]
January–March[link]
- January 5
- Wyatt Emory Cooper, American screenwriter and author (b. 1927)
- Sally Eilers, American actress (b. 1908)
- January 9 – Noble Johnson, American actor (b. 1881)
- January 13
- Hubert Humphrey, U.S. Vice President and Senator (b. 1911)
- Joe McCarthy, American baseball manager (b. 1887)
- January 14
- Harold Abrahams, English athlete (b. 1899)
- Kurt Gödel, Austrian-born mathematician (b. 1906)
- January 18
- Carl Betz, American actor (b. 1921)
- Walter H. Thompson, English Scotland Yard detective (b. 1890)
- January 22 – Herbert Sutcliffe, English cricketer (b. 1894)
- January 23
- Terry Kath, American rock musician (Chicago) (b. 1946)
- Jack Oakie, American actor (The Great Dictator) (b. 1903)
- January 26 – Leo Genn, English actor (b. 1905)
- January 27 – Oskar Homolka, Austrian actor (b. 1898)
- January 29 – Tim McCoy, American actor (b. 1891)
- February 2 – Wendy Barrie, British actress (b. 1912)
- February 11
- James B. Conant, American chemist and headmaster of Harvard University (b. 1893)
- Harry Martinson, Swedish writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904)
- February 15 – Ilka Chase, American actress (b. 1900)
- February 18 – Maggie McNamara, American actress (b. 1928)
- February 22 – Ernest Palmer, American cinematographer (b. 1885)
- February 27 – Vadim Salmanov, Russian composer (b. 1912)
- February 28
- Philip Ahn, Korean-American actor (b. 1905)
- Zara Cully, American actress (b. 1892)
- March 1 – Paul Scott, English writer (b. 1920
- March 11 – Claude François, French singer (b. 1939)
- March 12 – John Cazale, American actor (b. 1935)
- March 18
- Leigh Brackett, American author (b. 1915)
- Peggy Wood, American actress (b. 1892)
- March 19 – Gaston Julia, French mathematician (b. 1893)
- March 20 – Jacques Brugnon, French tennis player (b. 1895)
- March 21 – Cearbhall Ó Dálaigh (Carroll Daly), 5th President of Ireland (b. 1911)
- March 22 – Karl Wallenda, American circus performer (b. 1905)
- March 23 – Haim Ernst Wertheimer, Israeli biochemist, recipient of the Israel Prize (b. 1893)
- March 31 – Charles Best, American-born medical scientist (b. 1899)
April–June[link]
- April 8 – Lon L. Fuller, American legal philosopher (b. 1902)
- April 9 – Michael Wilson, American screenwriter (b. 1914)
- April 14 – F. R. Leavis, British literary critic (b. 1895)
- April 16 – Lucius D. Clay, American military governor of Germany after World War II (b. 1897)
- April 19 – Joe Dougherty, first voice of Porky Pig (b. 1898)
- April 21 – Sandy Denny, English singer (b. 1947)
- April 22
- Basil Dean, English film director and producer (b. 1887)
- Will Geer, American actor (b. 1902)
- April 25 – Leo Najo, American baseball player (b. 1899)
- April 27 – John Doeg, American tennis champion (b. 1908)
- May 1 – Aram Khachaturian, Armenian composer (b. 1903)
- May 6 – Ethelda Bleibtrey, American Olympic swimmer (b. 1902)
- May 8 – Duncan Grant, Scottish painter (b. 1885)
- May 9 – Aldo Moro, former Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1916)
- May 12 – Robert Coogan, American actor (b. 1924)
- May 14 – Robert Menzies, 12th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1894)
- May 22 – Joe Colombo, American gangster (b. 1914)
- May 26 – Tamara Karsavina, Russian ballerina (b. 1885)
- May 28 – Arthur Brough, British actor (b. 1905)
- June 7 – Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, British chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1897)
- June 9 – Prince Nicholas of Romania (b. 1903)
- June 18 – Walter C. Alvarez, American physician (b. 1884)
- June 20 – Mark Robson, Canadian film director (b. 1913)
- June 22 – Jens Otto Krag, Danish politician (b. 1914)
- June 24 – Robert Charroux, French writer (b. 1909)
- June 25 – Barry Brown, American actor and writer (b. 1951)
- June 27 – Josette Day, French actress (b. 1914)
- June 29 – Bob Crane, American actor (b. 1928)
July–September[link]
- July 1 – Kurt Student, Luftwaffe general and commander of the German airborne forces during World War II. (b. 1890)
- July 3 – James Daly, American actor (b. 1918)
- July 8 – Osman Lins, Brazilian novelist (b. 1924)
- July 10 – Joe Davis, English snooker and billiards player (b. 1901)
- July 14 – Jack Woolgar, British actor (b. 1913)
- July 16 – Howard Estabrook, American actor (b. 1884)
- July 20 – Gerald Warner Brace, American writer, educator, sailor and boat builder (b. 1901)
- July 25 – Masao Koga, Japanese composer (b. 1904)
- July 30 – Umberto Nobile, Italian aviator (b. 1885)
- August 2
- Carlos Chávez, Mexican composer (b. 1899)
- Totie Fields, American comedienne (b. 1930)
- August 4 – Frank Fontaine, American comedian and singer (b. 1920)
- August 5 – Queenie Smith, American actress (b. 1898)
- August 6
- Pope Paul VI (b. 1897)
- Edward Durell Stone, American architect (b. 1902)
- August 7 – Eddie Calvert, American musician (b. 1922)
- August 11 – Hugh MacDiarmid, Scottish poet (b. 1892)
- August 14 – Nicolas Bentley, British writer and illustrator (b. 1907)
- August 16 – Jean Acker, American actress (b. 1893)
- August 21 – Charles Eames, American architect and designer (b. 1907)
- August 22 – Jomo Kenyatta, Kenyan statesman (b. 1894)
- August 24 – Louis Prima, Italian-American singer and actor (b. 1910)
- August 26 – Charles Boyer, French actor (b. 1899)
- August 28
- Bruce Catton, American Civil War historian, Pulizer Prize winner (1954) (b. 1899)
- Robert Shaw, English actor (Jaws) (b. 1927)
- August 31 – Lee Garmes, American cinematographer (b. 1898)
- September 7 – Keith Moon, English drummer (The Who) (b. 1946)
- September 9 – Jack Warner, Canadian film studio founder (b. 1892)
- September 11
- Mike Gazella, American baseball player (b. 1895)
- Georgi Markov, Bulgarian dissident (b. 1929)
- Ronnie Peterson, Swedish Formula One driver (b. 1944)
- September 15 – Willy Messerschmitt, German aircraft engineer (b. 1898)
- September 23 – Lyman Bostock, American baseball player (b. 1950)
- September 24 – Ruth Etting, American singer (b. 1896)
- September 25 – Bret Morrison, American voice actor (b. 1912)
- September 26 – Manne Siegbahn, Swedish physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1886)
- September 28 – Pope John Paul I (b. 1912)
- September 30 – Edgar Bergen, American actor and ventriloquist (b. 1903)
October–December[link]
- October 6 – Johnny O'Keefe, Australian singer (b. 1935)
- October 9 – Jacques Brel, Belgian singer (b. 1929)
- October 10 – Ralph Metcalfe, American athlete (b. 1910)
- October 12 – Nancy Spungen, American groupie and girlfriend of Sid Vicious (b. 1958)
- October 16 – Dan Dailey, American actor (b. 1915)
- October 19 – Gig Young, American actor (b. 1913)
- October 20 – Gunnar Nilsson, Swedish race car driver (cancer) (b. 1948)
- October 23 – Maybelle Carter, American singer (b. 1909)
- October 28 – Geoffrey Unsworth, British cinematographer (b. 1914)
- October 30 – Wallace MacDonald, Canadian actor (b. 1891)
- November 6 – Harry Bertoia, Italian artist and designer (b. 1915)
- November 7 – Gene Tunney, American boxer (b. 1897)
- November 8 – Norman Rockwell, American artist and illustrator (b. 1894)
- November 10 – Theo Lingen, German actor (b. 1903)
- November 15 – Margaret Mead, American anthropologist (b. 1901)
- November 16 – Claude Dauphin, French actor (b. 1903)
- November 18 – Jim Jones, Peoples Temple founder (b. 1931)
- November 20
- Robert Alan Aurthur, American screenwriter (b. 1922)
- Giorgio de Chirico, Italian painter (b. 1888)
- November 23 – Jacques Bergier, French writer (b. 1912)
- November 27
- Harvey Milk, American gay rights activist (b. 1930)
- George Moscone, American 37th Mayor of San Francisco (b. 1929)
- Susan Shaw, American actress (b. 1929)
- November 28 – André Morell, British actor (b. 1909)
- December 8 – Golda Meir, Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1898)
- December 10 – Ed Wood, American filmmaker (b. 1924)
- December 11 – Vincent du Vigneaud, American chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1901)
- December 12 – Fay Compton, English actress (b. 1894)
- December 15 – Chill Wills, American actor (b. 1902)
- December 22 – Olaf M. Hustvedt, American admiral (b. 1886)
- December 27 – Houari Boumédiènne, President of Algeria (b. 1932)
Date unknown[link]
- Pankaj Mullick, Bengali composer and singer (b. 1904)
- Mark A. Shaw, American temperance movement leader and Prohibition Party candidate for vice-president in 1964
Nobel Prizes[link]
- Physics – Pyotr Leonidovich Kapitsa, Arno Allan Penzias, Robert Woodrow Wilson
- Chemistry – Peter D. Mitchell
- Medicine – Werner Arber, Daniel Nathans, Hamilton O. Smith
- Literature – Isaac Bashevis Singer
- Peace – Mohamed Anwar Al-Sadat and Menachem Begin
- Economics – Herbert A. Simon
External links[link]
http://wn.com/1978
Related pages:
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http://pt.wn.com/1978
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Born | (1944-08-09)9 August 1944 |
|---|---|
| Died | 1 August 1980(1980-08-01) (aged 35) |
| Formula One World Championship career | |
| Nationality |  French |
| Active years | 1972, 1974 - 1980 |
| Teams | Tyrrell, Ligier, Alfa Romeo |
| Races | 95 |
| Championships | 0 |
| Wins | 2 |
| Podiums | 19 |
| Career points | 139 (141)[1] |
| Pole positions | 1 |
| Fastest laps | 4 |
| First race | 1972 French Grand Prix |
| First win | 1978 Monaco Grand Prix |
| Last win | 1979 Spanish Grand Prix |
| Last race | 1980 British Grand Prix |
Patrick André Eugène Joseph Depailler (9 August 1944 – 1 August 1980) was a racing driver from France. He participated in 95 World Championship Formula One Grands Prix, debuting on 2 July 1972. He also participated in several non-Championship Formula One races.
Depailler was born in Clermont-Ferrand, Puy-de-Dôme. As a child, he was inspired by Jean Behra. Talented and charismatic, Depailler never quite drove the kind of machinery his talent deserved, joining a Tyrrell team that was beginning a long, slow decline, eventually moving to the erratic Ligier team before finally ending up with the revived Alfa Romeo squad in 1980. Depailler was helping to advance this team up the grid when he was killed in a crash at Hockenheim on 1 August 1980, during a private testing session.
He won 2 races, secured 1 pole position, achieved 19 podiums, and scored a total of 141 championship points.
Contents |
Sports cars and Formula Two[link]
Depailler finished .9 seconds behind Peter Gethin in the 1972 Formula Two Pau Grand Prix. He battled Gethin closely in a March 922 over the 70-lap course which curved through the French city. Both drivers lapped the field twice.[2] Depailler came in 3rd with a time of 1:31:40.5 in an April 1973 Formula Two race at the Nürburgring. He was driving a Ford Alpine.[3] In May 1974 Depailler qualified his March to 1st position in qualifying for the Formula Two Pau Grand Prix. He recorded a time of 1 minute 16.17 seconds for an average speed of 80.8 miles per hour.[4] In June he crashed his March 742 through a guard rail during time trials for a Formula Two race in Salzburgring. Depailler was uninjured but qualifying was stopped so that workman could replace a section of railing which was torn off in the accident.[5]
In April 1976 the Renault sports car team suspended Depailler for three races after he was involved in a crash which knocked out both his car and the Renault of teammate Jean-Pierre Jabouille. The incident occurred on the second turn, slightly more than a mile after the beginning of a 180-mile (290 km) race at the Nürburgring. Depailler lost control and wrecked, after which Jabouille crashed while attempting to avoid his teammate. The drivers had been instructed not to contest the lead with each other.[6] Depailler placed 2nd in the 1976 Swedish Formula J Grand Prix. He was 19 seconds behind winner Jody Scheckter. Depailler recorded a time of 1:47:17 over 72 laps.[7] Depailler drove in the International Race of Champions event at Riverside International Raceway in September 1978.[8] He was behind the wheel of the Paul Newman entered Spyder-Chevy in the October 1978 California Grand Prix.[9]
Formula One[link]
[edit] Tyrrell (1974 - 1978)
In December 1973 Depailler was chosen with Scheckter to drive for Tyrrell. They replaced the deceased François Cevert and retired Jackie Stewart.[10] Depailler captured the pole for the 1974 Swedish Grand Prix, his 9th race as a Formula One driver. He negotiated the 2.49-mile (4.01 km) Anderstorp course in a time of 1 minute, 24.758 seconds, for an average speed of 105.8 miles per hour.[11] Depailler would finish 2nd in the race behind team-mate Jody Scheckter; this proved his only podium of the year.
In January 1975 Depailler was given 25-1 odds of becoming the 1975 Formula One World Champion.[12] He finished 5th in the 1975 Argentine Grand Prix in Buenos Aires.[13] He took 3rd at Kyalami in the 1975 South African Grand Prix. Depailler stayed behind 2nd place finisher, Carlos Reutemann, throughout the 78 laps of the event.[14] On the first day of qualifying for the 1975 United States Grand Prix, Depailler crashed his Tyrrell into a catch fence at Watkins Glen. He was not injured.[15]
Depailler came in 2nd in the 1976 Brazilian Grand Prix at Interlagos.[16] With a speed of 86.69 mph (139.51 km/h). in qualifying for the 1976 United States Grand Prix West, Depailler exceeded his lap record at Monte Carlo by 4 mph (6.4 km/h). His Tyrrell circuited the street course in Long Beach, California in 1:23.884.[17] He ended up 2nd to Clay Regazzoni on the 2nd day of time trials, with a speed of 87.31.[18] Depailler gained a 3rd place finish but drew the ire of rival James Hunt, who went out on the 4th lap. Hunt claimed that Depailler forced him off the track and shook his at him after his exit from the race. Depailler, who wrestled with brake trouble, claimed that he did not see the English driver in his mirror.[19] Depailler placed his six-wheeled Tyrrell in 3rd position for the start of the 1976 Monaco Grand Prix with a time of 1:30.33.[20] The Tyrrells of Scheckter and Depailler were the only cars able to stay on the same lap with Lauda's Ferrari, who won from pole position.[21] Depailler was 2nd to Hunt in the 1976 French Grand Prix at Le Castellet. He achieved a time of 1:41:11.30.[22] Hunt held off a determined Depailler at Mosport Park in the 1976 Canadian Grand Prix. Both drivers were ill at the conclusion of the event, with Depailler having inhaled fumes over the last third of the race. He lost consciousness after pulling his car off at the first corner following the finish. He regained consciousness momentarily.[23] Depailler finished 2nd ahead of Hunt(who nevertheless secured the '76 drivers championship by finishing third) at the 1976 Japanese Grand Prix, despite encountering tire problems as the Fuji Speedway track dried.[24]
He skidded off the Interlagos track at Sao Paulo during the 1977 Brazilian Grand Prix. He was hospitalized with a leg injury.[25] Depailler qualified in the 6th row, 12th position, for the 1977 United States Grand Prix West. His time was 87.959.[26] In December 1977 Depailler was promoted to the number one driver for Tyrrell, when Ronnie Peterson left to drive for Lotus. At the same time Tyrrell revealed that it was quitting its experiment with six-wheeled Formula One cars.[27]
Depailler was 3rd in the 1978 Argentine Grand Prix in an Elf-Tyrrell. He covered the 52 laps in 1:37:18.11.[28] Peterson passed Depailler on the last turn of the last lap at Kyalami, to claim the 1978 South African Grand Prix. Peterson erased a 9 second gap to win.[29] Depailler made a strong move to climb from 12th starting place to end in 3rd position in the 1978 United States Grand Prix West.[30] Depailler gained his first Formula One triumph by winning the 1978 Monaco Grand Prix. Piloting a Tyrell-Ford, Depailler secured the 36th annual event, with a time of 1:55:14.66 over 75 laps, for an average speed of 80.359 mph (129.325 km/h). It was his first victory in 69 championship races although he had been 2nd eight times.[31]
Fastest Laps - Monaco 1979,Swedish 1974,1976 Canadian
Ligier (1979)[link]
Depailler switched to the Ligier team for 1979. The marque began to field cars with V-8 Ford Cosworth engines,[32] rather than the French-built Matra V-12 engines of 1978.[33] Depailler led the first 10 laps before his engine experienced problems in the 1979 Argentine Grand Prix. He was forced to make a pit stop but managed a 4th place finish.[34] Depailler came in 2nd to his victorious teammate, Jacques Laffite, in the 1979 Brazilian Grand Prix. Laffite was more than 5 seconds ahead at the end of the race.[35] Depailler made contact with the fence at "Barbecue Bend" in the 1979 South African Grand Prix.[36]
Ligier team manager, Gerard Ducarouge, said that the Ligier JS-11 had been in the planning stages for some time. The JS-9 had been tested as a "wing car" following the 1978 United States Grand Prix West, but the wind tunnel tests proved unsatisfactory. The JS-11 was built and tested in December 1978, with positive results. The V-8 engine was lighter and the Cosworth exhaust system was modified so that it sounded much the same as the old Matra engine's distinctive whine. The new body features of the JS-11 were revealed at the 1979 United States Grand Prix West.[33]
Depailler posted a flag-to-flag win at Jarama in the 1979 Spanish Grand Prix. The win enabled him to tie Gilles Villeneuve in the standings for the Formula One world championship at the end of April, with 20 points each.[37] Depailler posted 3rd position in qualifying for the 1979 Monaco Grand Prix on a staggered grid.[38] Depailler was replaced in June 1979 by Ligier, after sustaining a hand injury in a hang gliding incident. The race team was receiving financial support from the French government, which specified that the new driver be French.[39] On 29 August Depailler said that he was "resigned not to race again until next year." He expected to leave a Paris hospital by the end of the week. He had undergone a number of operations on his legs, both of which were broken while hang-gliding on 3 June,[40] near his hometown of Clermont-Ferrand.[41] His heel was also critically injured. He had hopes to attend both the 1979 Canadian Grand Prix and the 1979 United States Grand Prix as a spectator.[40]
Alfa Romeo (1980)[link]
In 1980, Patrick joined the newly formed Alfa Romeo team, that was on a comeback trail: the car was quick (Patrick qualified 3rd for the 1980 United States Grand Prix West) but not reliable enough to finish. He was killed testing for the 1980 German Grand Prix at Hockenheim, when a suspension failure pitched his car into the Armco at the high-speed Ostkurve, inflicting fatal head injuries when the vehicle overturned and vaulted the barrier. The Alfa Romeo skidded along the top of the guard rail for several hundred feet prior to flipping onto its top.
Depailler had worked his way back from a hang-gliding accident the previous year. He had equipped his car with special brakes designed to toughen his leg muscles, and was still driving in pain by the time of his fatal accident.[41]
Legacy[link]
A radio-controlled car racing circuit is named in honour of him at his hometown. The Mini Circuit Patrick Depailler is one of the oldest tracks in France and was used to host an IFMAR meeting in 1999.[42]
Complete World Championship Formula One results[link]
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)
References[link]
- ^ a b Up until 1990, not all points scored by a driver contributed to their final World Championship tally (see list of points scoring systems for more information). Numbers without parentheses are Championship points; numbers in parentheses are total points scored.
- ^ Article-No Title, New York Times, 8 May 1972, Page 53.
- ^ Wisell Wins Formula Two Race, New York Times, 30 April 1973, Page 42.
- ^ Wohlhuter's Team Victor At Quantico, New York Times, 4 May 1974, Page 32.
- ^ Depailler Car Crashes, New York Times, 1 June 1974, Page 23.
- ^ People In Sports, New York Times, 8 April 1976, Page 52.
- ^ Scheckter Wins In Six-Wheeler, Los Angeles Times, 14 June 1976, Page F8.
- ^ IROC, Los Angeles Times, 21 September 1978, F10.
- ^ "British Stamp Car's Alain de Cadenet to debut at Riverside", Los Angeles Times, 10 October 1978, Page D11.
- ^ Ickx Joins Peterson At Lotus, New York Times, 2 December 1973, Page 296.
- ^ Depailler Gains Pole In Sweden, New York Times, 9 June 1974, Page 214.
- ^ Handicapping '75 Driver Title Race, New York Times, 5 January 1975, Page S15.
- ^ E. Fittipaldi Victor In Grand Prix, New York Times, 13 January 1975, Page 53.
- ^ Scheckter Takes Grand Prix, New York Times, 2 March 1975, Page 187.
- ^ Lauda, in 'Training Car', Paces Qualifying at Glen, New York Times, 4 October 1975, Page 22.
- ^ Lauda Wins Brazil Grand Prix, New York Times, 26 January 1976, Page 34.
- ^ Depailler's Car Is Speediest, New York Times, 27 March 1976, Page 46.
- ^ Regazzoni Takes Coast Race Pole, New York Times, 28 March 1976, Page 175.
- ^ Regazzoni Drives a Ferrari To Grand Prix West Victory, New York Times, 29 March 1976, Page 52.
- ^ Lauda to Start on Pole Today, New York Times, 30 May 1976, Page 129.
- ^ Lauda Triumphs Again in Monaco Grand Prix, New York Times, 31 May 1976, Page 24.
- ^ Hunt Winner as Ferraris Fall Out, Los Angeles Times, 5 July 1976, Page D8.
- ^ Canadian Race Taken By Hunt, Los Angeles Times, 4 October 1976, Page D7.
- ^ Hunt, Andretti Both Win In Fog, Los Angeles Times, 25 October 1976, Page D7.
- ^ Reutemann Ferrari Wins Brazil Race, Los Angeles Times, 24 January 1977, Page E7.
- ^ Hunt Still Savoring World Title: Lauda Wins the Pole, Los Angeles Times, 3 April 1977, Page D1.
- ^ Lauda's Switch Sparks Shuffle, Los Angeles Times, 9 December 1977, Page OC15.
- ^ Andretti Wins Shortened Argentine Grand Prix, Los Angeles Times, 16 January 1978, Page D14.
- ^ Peterson Wins South Africa Race on Last Turn of Last Lap, Los Angeles Times, 5 March 1978, Page C6.
- ^ It's A Big Day for Reutemann and Long Beach, Los Angeles Times, 3 April 1978, Page D1.
- ^ Depailler Scores First Grand Prix Win, Los Angeles Times, 8 May 1978, Page E5.
- ^ Andretti Sets Some High Goals, Los Angeles Times, 18 January 1979, Page D11.
- ^ a b Ligier setting GP world on its ear, Los Angeles Times, 2 April 1979, Page H14.
- ^ "Capsule look at Formula One series action so far this year", Los Angeles Times, 2 April 1979, Page H27.
- ^ Laffite Two for Two With Victory in Brazil, Los Angeles Times, 5 February 1979, Page D5.
- ^ A Tire Gamble Gives Canada's Villeneuve Win, Los Angeles Times, 4 March 1979, Page E8.
- ^ Depailler Wins Spanish Grand Prix, Washington Post, 30 April 1979, Page D6.
- ^ Scheckter Wins Monaco Pole, Washington Post, 27 May 1979, Page D8.
- ^ Motor Sports, Washington Post, 24 June 1979, Page A1.
- ^ a b Depailler Resigned To Sideline Status, Washington Post, 30 August 1979, Page C13.
- ^ a b Depailler Dies In Accident, Washington Post, 2 August 1980, Page C4.
- ^ "Virtualrc.com". Virtualrc.com. http://www.virtualrc.com/tracks/trackoverview.aspx?prid=110. Retrieved 2011-11-20.
| Sporting positions | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Jean-Pierre Jaussaud |
French Formula Three Champion 1971 |
Succeeded by Michel Leclère |
| Preceded by David Walker |
Monaco Formula Three Race Winner 1972 |
Succeeded by Jacques Laffite |
| Preceded by Jean-Pierre Jarier |
European Formula Two Champion 1974 |
Succeeded by Jacques Laffite |
| Preceded by Ronnie Peterson |
Formula One fatal accidents 1 August 1980 |
Succeeded by Gilles Villeneuve |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Depailler, Patrick |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | French racing driver |
| Date of birth | 9 August 1944 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | 1 August 1980 |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Patrick_Depailler
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Depailler
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is about the musician. For his four eponymous albums, see Peter Gabriel (disambiguation). For the Czech footballer, see Petr Gabriel.
| Peter Gabriel | |
|---|---|
 Peter Gabriel at the Wikipedia 10th anniversary party in London in January 2011. |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Peter Brian Gabriel |
| Born | (1950-02-13) 13 February 1950 (age 62) Chobham, Surrey, England, United Kingdom |
| Genres | Progressive rock, art rock, experimental rock, pop rock, world music |
| Occupations | Musician Producer Humanitarian |
| Instruments | Vocals, keyboards, flute, drums, piano, guitar, bass, harmonica, oboe |
| Years active | 1967–present |
| Labels | Geffen (US & Canada), Real World, Virgin, Charisma, Atlantic (US & Canada), EMI (Brazil) |
| Associated acts | Genesis, Laurie Anderson, Kate Bush |
| Website | www.petergabriel.com |
Peter Brian Gabriel (born 13 February 1950) is an English singer, musician, and songwriter who rose to fame as the lead vocalist and flautist of the progressive rock group Genesis.[1] After leaving Genesis, Gabriel went on to a successful solo career. His 1986 album, So, is his most commercially successful, and the album's biggest hit, "Sledgehammer", won a record nine MTV Awards at the 1987 MTV Video Music Awards, and the song is the most played music video in the history of the station.[2]
More recently, Gabriel has focused on producing and promoting world music and pioneering digital distribution methods for music. He has also been involved in various humanitarian efforts. Gabriel has won numerous music awards throughout his career, including three Brit Awards—winning Best British Male in 1987, six Grammy Awards, thirteen MTV Video Music Awards, and in 2007 he was honoured as a BMI Icon at the 57th annual BMI London Awards for his “influence on generations of music makers.”[3][4][5] Gabriel was also awarded the Polar Music Prize in 2009, and was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Genesis in 2010.
Contents |
Early life[link]
Peter Gabriel was born in Chobham, Surrey, England.[6] His father, Ralph Parton Gabriel, was an electrical engineer, and his mother, Edith Irene Allen,[7] from a musical family, taught him to play the piano at an early age. He attended Cable House, a private primary (pre-prep) school in Woking, Surrey, St. Andrews Prep School in Horsell, then Charterhouse School (Godalming) from 1963. He played drums in his first rock bands, and Mike Rutherford commented in 1985 that "Pete was - and still is, I think - a frustrated drummer."[8]
Genesis[link]
Main article: Genesis (band)
Gabriel founded Genesis in 1967 with fellow Charterhouse School pupils Tony Banks, Anthony Phillips, Mike Rutherford, and drummer Chris Stewart. The name of the band was suggested by fellow Charterhouse alumnus, the pop music impresario Jonathan King, who produced their first album, From Genesis to Revelation.
Gabriel was influenced by many different sources in his way of singing, such as Family lead singer Roger Chapman. In 1970, he played the flute on Cat Stevens' album, Mona Bone Jakon.
Genesis drew some attention in England and eventually also in Italy, Belgium, Germany and other European countries, largely due to Gabriel's flamboyant stage presence, which involved numerous bizarre costume changes and comical, dreamlike stories told as the introduction to each song (originally Gabriel developed these stories solely to cover the time between songs that the rest of the band would take tuning their instruments and fixing technical glitches). The concerts made extensive use of black light with the normal stage lighting subdued or off. A backdrop of fluorescent white sheets and a comparatively sparse stage made the band into a set of silhouettes, with Gabriel's fluorescent costume and make-up providing the only other sources of light.
Costumes[link]
.png)
Early Genesis concerts were hampered by a bad PA system which made it difficult for audiences to understand what Gabriel was singing. According to Mike Rutherford, this drove Gabriel to find other ways to impress his personality on the audience, leading to his performing in various costumes.[8]
In an episode of the 2007 British documentary series Seven Ages of Rock, Steve Hackett recalled the first appearance of Gabriel 'in costume'. It was the dress-wearing, fox-headed entity immortalised on the cover of Foxtrot. Hackett and the rest of the band had no inkling that Gabriel was going to do this, and at the time Hackett worried that it would ruin the performance. However, it was a success, encouraging Gabriel to continue wearing costumes while singing.
Among Gabriel's many famous costumes, which he developed to visualise the musical ideas of the band as well as to gain press coverage, were "Batwings" for the band's usual opening number, "Watcher of the Skies".
Other costumes included "The Flower" and "Magog", which were both alternately worn for "Supper's Ready" from the album Foxtrot.
"Britannia" was worn for "Dancing with the Moonlit Knight", and "The Reverend" was worn for "The Battle of Epping Forest" from Selling England by the Pound.
"The Old Man" was worn for "The Musical Box" from Nursery Cryme.
"The Slipperman" and "Rael" were worn during "The Colony of Slippermen", in which "Rael" was the protagonist of the album The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway.
Departure[link]
Gabriel's departure from Genesis in 1975—which stunned fans of the group and left many commentators wondering if the band could survive—was the result of a number of factors. His stature as the lead singer of the band, and the added attention garnered by his flamboyant stage persona, led to tensions within the band. Genesis had always operated more or less as a collective, and Gabriel's burgeoning public profile led to fears within the group that he was being unfairly singled out as the creative hub. The band had also begun to feel confined by the reputation (and fans' expectations) attached to their famously elaborate theatrical performances, believing that the visual element of their performances was receiving more attention than their actual music.
Tensions were heightened by the ambitious album and tour of the concept work The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway, a Gabriel-created concept piece which saw him taking on the lion's share of the lyric writing. During the writing and recording of The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway, Gabriel was approached by director William Friedkin, allegedly because Friedkin had found Gabriel's short story in the liner notes to Genesis Live interesting. Gabriel left Genesis to pursue a film project with Friedkin, only to rejoin a week later.[8] The decision to quit the band was made before the tour supporting The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway, with Gabriel explaining his decision to the band while keeping it from the press until the conclusion of that tour. Bassist Mike Rutherford recalled that they all "could see it coming."[8] Although tensions were high, both Gabriel and the remaining members of Genesis have stated publicly that Gabriel left the band on good terms.
The breaking point came with the difficult pregnancy of Gabriel's wife, Jill, and the subsequent birth of their first child, Anna-Marie. When he opted to stay with his sick daughter and wife, rather than record and tour, the resentment from the rest of the band led Gabriel to conclude that he had to leave the group. "Solsbury Hill", Gabriel's debut single as a solo artist, was written specifically about his departure from Genesis. The song also charted on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1978,[9] reaching the Top 70, though it was recorded in 1976, and appeared on the 'Car' album in 1977. In 1982, Gabriel reunited with his former Genesis colleagues for the one-off concert Six of the Best, in order to recoup debts that arose from his involvement in the staging of the first WOMAD concert.
Solo career[link]
Gabriel refused to title any of his first four solo albums, which were all labelled Peter Gabriel using the same typeface, but which featured different cover designs (by Hipgnosis); in all of these designs, Gabriel's face is wholly or partially obscured in some way. The albums are usually differentiated by number in order of release (I, II, III, IV), or by sleeve design, with the first three solo albums often referred to as Car, Scratch and Melt respectively, in reference to their cover artwork. His fourth solo album, also called Peter Gabriel, was titled Security in the U.S. at the behest of Geffen Records.
After acquiescing to distinctive titles, Gabriel used a series of 2-letter words to title his next three albums: So, Us, and Up. His most recent greatest hits compilation is titled Hit; within the two-CD package, disc one is labelled "Hit" and disc two is labelled "Miss".
[edit] Peter Gabriel albums (1977–1985)
Gabriel recorded his first self-titled solo album in 1976 and 1977 with producer Bob Ezrin. His first solo success came with the single "Solsbury Hill", an autobiographical piece expressing his thoughts on leaving Genesis. Although mainly happy with the music, Gabriel felt that the album, and especially the track "Here Comes the Flood" was over-produced. Sparser versions can be heard on Robert Fripp's Exposure, and on Gabriel's greatest hits compilation Shaking the Tree (1990).
Gabriel worked with guitarist Fripp as producer of his second solo LP, in 1978. This album was leaner, darker and more experimental, and yielded decent reviews, but no major hits.
Gabriel developed a new interest in world music (especially percussion), and for bold production, which made extensive use of recording tricks and sound effects. Gabriel's interest in music technology is considered by many people to be the spark of his success as it inspired his third album. The third album is often credited as the first LP to use the now-famous "gated drum" sound.[10] Phil Collins played drums on several tracks, including the opener, "Intruder", which featured the reverse-gated, cymbal-less drum kit sound which Collins would also use on his single "In the Air Tonight" and through the rest of the 1980s. Gabriel had requested that his drummers use no cymbals in the album's sessions, and when he heard the result he asked Collins to play a simple pattern for several minutes, then built "Intruder" around it. The album achieved some chart success with the songs "Games Without Frontiers" (#4 U.K, #48 U.S.), and "Biko".
Arduous and occasionally damp recording sessions at his rural English estate in 1981 and 1982 resulted in Gabriel's fourth LP release, on which Gabriel took more production responsibility. It was one of the first commercial albums recorded entirely to digital tape (using a Sony mobile truck), and featured the early, extremely expensive, Fairlight CMI sampling computer, which had already made its first brief appearances on the previous album. Gabriel combined a variety of sampled and deconstructed sounds with world-beat percussion and other unusual instrumentation to create a radically new, emotionally charged soundscape. Furthermore, the sleeve art consisted of inscrutable, video-based imagery. Despite the album's peculiar sound, odd appearance, and often disturbing themes, it sold very well. This album featured his first Top 40 hit in the U.S., "Shock the Monkey", as well as the song "I Have the Touch". The music video for "Shock the Monkey", which featured Gabriel in white face paint and a caged macaque, held the #1 spot on "MTV" for 9 weeks. Geffen records forced Peter to give his fourth self-titled album a name in the US - Security - to mark his arrival on the label and to differentiate his fourth album from the other three.
Alternate versions of Gabriel's third and fourth albums were also released with German lyrics. Peter Gabriel 3 consisted of basically the same recording overdubbed with new vocals, while Security was also remixed and several tracks were extended or altered in slight ways.
Gabriel toured extensively for each of his albums. Initially, he pointedly eschewed the theatrics that had defined his tenure with Genesis. For his second solo tour, his entire band shaved their heads. By the time of Security he began involving elaborate stage props and acrobatics which had him suspended from gantries, distorting his face with Fresnel lenses and mirrors, and wearing unusual make-up. His 1982–83 tour included a section opening for David Bowie. Recordings of this tour were released as the double LP Plays Live.
The stage was set for Gabriel's critical and commercial breakout with his next studio release, which was in production for almost three years. During the recording and production of the album he also found time to develop the film soundtrack for Alan Parker's 1984 feature Birdy, which consisted of new material as well as remixed instrumental tracks from his previous studio album.
[edit] So, Passion and Us (1986–1994)
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A 1986 duet with Kate Bush, "Don't Give Up" tells of the despair of a man who feels defeated by the economic system, and the support and wise counsel sung in the refrain.
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Gabriel achieved his greatest popularity with songs from the 1986 album So.[11] The album charted at number 1 in the UK Album Chart, and number 2 on the Billboard 200 in the US.[12][13] It is certified triple platinum in the UK, and five times platinum in the US.[14][15] The album produced three UK Top 20 hits, "Sledgehammer", "Big Time", and "Don't Give Up" — a duet with Kate Bush.[12] The album also produced three Top 40 hits in the U.S., "Sledgehammer", "In Your Eyes" (featured in the John Cusack film Say Anything), and "Big Time".[13] "Sledgehammer", peaked at #1 in the U.S., knocking Genesis' "Invisible Touch" off the top spot, and #4 in the UK.[13] The ballad "Don't Give Up" was about the devastation of unemployment. Gabriel co-produced So with Daniel Lanois, also known for his work with U2 and Brian Eno.[16] In 1990, Rolling Stone ranked So number #14 on its list of "Top 100 Albums of the Eighties".[17]
Gabriel's song "Sledgehammer", which dealt specifically with the themes of sex and sexual relations, was accompanied by a much-lauded music video, which was a collaboration with director Stephen R. Johnson, Aardman Animations, and the Brothers Quay.[2] The video set a new standard for art in the music video industry, and won nine MTV Video Music Awards in 1987, a record which still stands as of 2011.[2] "Sledgehammer" is the most played music video in the history of MTV, and in 1998 it was named the station's number one animated video of all time.[2][18] A follow-up video for the song "Big Time" also broke new ground in music video animation and special effects. The song is a story of "what happens to you when you become a little too successful", in Gabriel's words. The success of the album earned Peter Gabriel two awards at the Brit Awards in 1987: Best British Male Solo Artist and Best British Video for "Sledgehammer".[4] Gabriel was also nominated for three Grammy Awards: Best Male Rock Vocal Performance, Song of the Year, and Record of the Year.[19]
In 1989, Gabriel released Passion, the soundtrack for Martin Scorsese's movie The Last Temptation of Christ. For this work he received his first Grammy Award, in the category of Best New Age Performance. He also received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Original Score - Motion Picture.
Following this, Gabriel released Us in 1992 (also co-produced with Daniel Lanois), an album in which he explored the pain of recent personal problems; his failed first marriage, and the growing distance between him and his first daughter.
Gabriel's introspection within the context of the album Us can be seen in the first single release "Digging in the Dirt" directed by John Downer. Accompanied by a disturbing video featuring Gabriel covered in snails and various foliage, this song made reference to the psychotherapy which had taken up much of Gabriel's time since the previous album. Gabriel describes his struggle to get through to his daughter in "Come Talk To Me" directed by Matt Mahurin, which featured backing vocals by Sinéad O'Connor. O'Connor also lent vocals to "Blood of Eden", directed by Nichola Bruce and Michael Coulson, the third single to be released from the album, and once again dealing with relationship struggles, this time going right back to Adam's rib for inspiration. The result was one of Gabriel's most personal albums. It met with less success than So, reaching #2 in the album chart on both sides of the Atlantic, and making modest chart impact with the singles "Digging in the Dirt" and the funkier "Steam", which evoked memories of "Sledgehammer". Gabriel followed the release of the album with a world tour (with Paula Cole or Joy Askew filling O'Connor's vocal role) and accompanying double CD and DVD Secret World Live in 1994.
Gabriel employed an innovative approach in the marketing of the Us album. Not wishing to feature only images of himself, he asked artist filmmakers Nichola Bruce and Michael Coulson to coordinate a marketing campaign using contemporary artists. Artists such as Helen Chadwick, Rebecca Horn, Nils Udo, Andy Goldsworthy, David Mach and Yayoi Kusama collaborated to create original artworks for each of the 11 songs on the multi-million-selling CD. Coulson and Bruce documented the process on Hi-8 video. Bruce left Real World and Coulson continued with the campaign, using the documentary background material as the basis for a promotional EPK, the long-form video All About Us and the interactive CD-ROM Xplora1.
Gabriel won three more Grammy Awards, all in the Music Video category. He won the Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video in 1993 and 1994 for the videos to "Digging in the Dirt" and "Steam" respectively. Gabriel also won the 1996 Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video for his Secret World Live video.
[edit] OVO, Up, Scratch My Back and New Blood (1995–present)
After five years of not releasing any new music, Gabriel re-emerged with OVO, a soundtrack for the live Millennium Dome Show in London in 2000, and Long Walk Home, the music from the Australian movie Rabbit-Proof Fence, early in 2002. This soundtrack also received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Original Score – Motion Picture.
In September 2002, Gabriel released Up, his first full-length studio album in a decade. Entirely self-produced, Up returned to some of the themes of his work in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Three singles failed to make an impression on the charts—in part because almost every track exceeded six minutes in length, with multiple sections—but the album sold well globally, as Gabriel continued to draw from a loyal fan base from his almost forty years in the music business. Up was followed by a world tour featuring his daughter Melanie Gabriel on backing vocals, and two concert DVDs, Growing Up Live (2003) and Still Growing Up: Live & Unwrapped (2004).
In 2008, Gabriel contributed to the WALL-E soundtrack several new songs with Thomas Newman, including the film's closing song, "Down to Earth", for which they received the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media. The song was also nominated for the Golden Globe for Best Original Song - Motion Picture and the Academy Award for Best Original Song.
In 2010, Gabriel released Scratch My Back. The album is made up entirely of cover songs including material written by David Bowie, Lou Reed, Arcade Fire, Radiohead, Regina Spektor, Neil Young, and more. The concept for the record is that Gabriel covers songs by various artists and those artists in turn will cover Gabriel songs to be released on a future follow-up album called I'll Scratch Yours. Scratch My Back features only orchestral instrumentation; there are no guitars, drums, or electronic elements that are usual attributes of Gabriel records. A very brief tour followed the album's release where Gabriel performed with a full orchestra and two female backup singers, his daughter Melanie Gabriel and Norwegian singer-songwriter Ane Brun.
On 11 October 2011, Gabriel released New Blood, a collection of his earlier songs recorded with an orchestra. A special edition of the album features solely instrumental versions of some of the songs.
In Fall 2012, Gabriel will embark on the Back to Front Tour in which he will perform the entire So album to celebrate its 25th anniversary.[20]
Musicians and collaborators[link]
Gabriel has worked with a relatively stable crew of musicians and recording engineers throughout his solo career. Bass and Stick player Tony Levin, for example, has appeared on every Gabriel studio album (except Scratch My Back and the soundtracks Passion and Long Walk Home) and has performed on every Gabriel solo tour (except The New Blood Tour). Guitar player David Rhodes has been Gabriel’s guitarist of choice since 1979. Prior to So, Jerry Marotta was Gabriel's preferred drummer, both in the studio and on the road. (For the So and Us albums and tours Marotta was replaced by Manu Katché, who was then replaced by Ged Lynch on parts of the Up album and all of the subsequent tour). Gabriel is known for choosing top-flight collaborators, from co-producers such as Ezrin, Fripp, Lillywhite, and Lanois to musicians such as Natalie Merchant, Elizabeth Fraser, L. Shankar, Trent Reznor, Youssou N'Dour, Larry Fast, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan, Sinéad O'Connor, Kate Bush, Ane Brun, Paula Cole, John Giblin, Peter Hammill, Papa Wemba, Manu Katché, Bayete, Phil Collins (as drummer), and Stewart Copeland.
Over the years, Gabriel has collaborated with singer Kate Bush several times; Bush provided backing vocals for Gabriel's "Games Without Frontiers" and "No Self Control" in 1980, and female lead vocal for "Don't Give Up" (a Top 10 hit in the UK) in 1986, and Gabriel appeared on her television special. Their duet of Roy Harper's "Another Day" was discussed for release as a single, but never appeared.
He also collaborated with Laurie Anderson on two versions of her composition "Excellent Birds" – one for her 1984 album Mister Heartbreak, and a slightly different version called "This is the Picture (Excellent Birds)", which appeared on cassette and CD versions of So. In 1987, when presenting Gabriel with an award for his music videos, Anderson related an occasion in which a recording session had gone late into the night and Gabriel's voice had begun to sound somewhat strange, almost dreamlike. It was discovered that he had fallen asleep in front of the microphone, but had continued to sing.
Gabriel sang (along with Jim Kerr of Simple Minds) on "Everywhere I Go", from The Call's 1986 release, Reconciled. On Toni Childs' 1994 CD, The Woman's Boat, Gabriel sang on the track, "I Met a Man".
In 1998, Gabriel appeared on the soundtrack of Babe: Pig in the City, not as a composer, but as the singer of the song "That'll Do", written by Randy Newman. The song was nominated for an Academy Award, and Gabriel and Newman performed it at the following year's Oscar telecast. He performed a similar soundtrack appearance for the 2004 film Shall We Dance?, singing a cover version of "The Book of Love" by The Magnetic Fields.
Gabriel has also appeared on Robbie Robertson's self-titled album, singing on "Fallen Angel"; co-written two Tom Robinson singles; and appeared on Joni Mitchell's 1988 album Chalk Mark in a Rainstorm, on the track "My Secret Place".
In 2001, Gabriel contributed lead vocals to the song "When You're Falling" on Afro Celt Sound System's Volume 3: Further in Time.[21] In the summer of 2003, Gabriel performed in Ohio with a guest performance by Uzbek singer Sevara Nazarkhan.
Gabriel collaborated on tracks with electronic musician BT. The tracks were never released, as the computers they were contained on were stolen from BT's home in California. He also sang the lyrics for Deep Forest on their theme song for the movie Strange Days. In addition, Gabriel has appeared on Angelique Kidjo's 2007 album Djin Djin, singing on the song "Salala".
Gabriel has recorded a cover of the Vampire Weekend single "Cape Cod Kwassa Kwassa" with Hot Chip, where his name is mentioned several times in the chorus. He substitutes the original line "But this feels so unnatural / Peter Gabriel too / This feels so unnatural/ Peter Gabriel too" with "It feels so unnatural / Peter Gabriel too / and it feels so unnatural / to sing your own name."
WOMAD and other projects[link]
Gabriel has been interested in world music for many years, with the first musical evidence appearing on his third album. This influence has increased over time, and he is the driving force behind the World of Music, Arts and Dance (WOMAD) movement. He created the Real World Studios and record label to facilitate the creation and distribution of such music by various artists, and he has worked to educate Western culture about the work of such musicians as Yungchen Lhamo, Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan and Youssou N'dour. He has a long-standing interest in human rights, and launched Witness,[22] a nonprofit which trains human rights activists to use video and online technologies to expose human rights abuses. In 2006 his work with WITNESS and his long standing support of peace and human rights causes was recognised by the Nobel Peace Prize Laureates with the Man of Peace award.
In the 1990s, with Steve Nelson of Brilliant Media and director Michael Coulson, he developed advanced multimedia CD-ROM-based entertainment projects, creating the acclaimed Xplora (the world's largest selling music CD-ROM), and subsequently the EVE CD-ROM. EVE was a music and art adventure game directed by Michael Coulson and co-produced by the Starwave Corporation in Seattle; it won the prestigious Milia d'Or award Grand Prize at the Cannes in 1996 and featured themes and interactivity well in advance of its time. Xplora and EVE can no longer be played on modern PCs, due to changes to their operating systems.
In 1994, Gabriel starred in the Breck Eisner short film "Recon" as a detective who enters the minds of murder victims to find their killer's identity.
Gabriel helped pioneer a new realm of musical interaction in 2001, visiting Georgia State University's Language Research Center to participate in keyboard jam sessions with bonobo apes from the Democratic Republic of the Congo. (This experience inspired the song "Animal Nation," which was performed on Gabriel's 2002 "Growing Up" tour and was featured on the Growing Up Live DVD and The Wild Thornberrys Movie soundtrack.) Gabriel's desire to bring attention to the intelligence of primates also took the form of ApeNet, a project that aimed to link great apes through the internet, enabling the first interspecies internet communication.[23]
He was one of the founders of On Demand Distribution (OD2), one of the first online music download services. Its technology is used by MSN Music UK and others, and has become the dominant music download technology platform for stores in Europe. OD2 was bought by US company Loudeye in June 2004 and subsequently by Finnish mobile giant Nokia in October 2006 for $60 million.
Additionally, Gabriel is also co-founder (with Brian Eno) of a musicians union called Mudda, short for "magnificent union of digitally downloading artists."
In 2000, Peter Gabriel collaborated with Zucchero, Anggun and others in charity for kids with AIDS. Erick Benzi have write words and music and Patrick Bruel, Stephan Eicher, Faudel, Lokua Kanza, Laam, Nourith, Axelle Red have accept to sing it.
In 2003, Gabriel's song "Burn You Up, Burn You Down" was featured in Cyan Worlds' video game Uru: Ages Beyond Myst. In 2004, Gabriel contributed another song ("Curtains") and contributed voice work on another game in the Myst franchise, Myst IV: Revelation.
During the latter part of 2004, Gabriel spent time in a village in eastern Nepal with musician Ram Sharan Nepali, learning esoteric vocal techniques. Gabriel subsequently invited Nepali to attend and perform at the Womad festival in Adelaide, Australia.
In June 2005, Gabriel and broadcast industry entrepreneur David Engelke purchased Solid State Logic, a leading manufacturer of mixing consoles and digital audio workstations.[24] SSL is among the top 2 or 3 recording console manufacturers in the world of recording.
In May 2008, Gabriel's Real World Studios, in partnership with Bowers & Wilkins, started the Bowers & Wilkins Music Club - now known as Society of Sound - a subscription-based music retail site. Albums are currently available in either Apple Lossless or Flac format.[25]
Activist for humanitarian causes[link]
In 1986 he started what has become a longstanding association with Amnesty International, becoming a pioneering participant in all 28 of Amnesty's Human Rights Concerts — a series of music events and tours staged by the US Section of Amnesty International between 1986-1998. He performed during the six-concert A Conspiracy of Hope US tour in June 1986; the twenty-concert Human Rights Now! world tour in 1988; the Chile: Embrace Of Hope Concert in 1990 and at The Paris Concert For Amnesty International in 1998. He also performed in Amnesty's Secret Policeman's Ball benefit shows.[26] He spoke of his support for Amnesty on NBC's Today Show in 1986.[27]
Inspired by the social activism he encountered in his work with Amnesty, in 1992 Gabriel co-founded WITNESS, a non-profit group that equips, trains and supports locally-based organizations worldwide to use video and the internet in human rights documentation and advocacy.
In 1995, Gabriel and Cape Verdean human rights activist Vera Duarte were awarded the North-South Prize in its inaugural year.[28][29]
In the late 1990s, Gabriel and entrepreneur Richard Branson discussed with Nelson Mandela their idea of a small, dedicated group of leaders, working objectively and without any vested personal interest to solve difficult global conflicts.
On 18 July 2007, in Johannesburg, South Africa, Nelson Mandela announced the formation of a new group, Global Elders, in a speech he delivered on the occasion of his 89th birthday. The present members of this group are Desmond Tutu, Graça Machel, Kofi Annan, Ela Bhatt, Lakhdar Brahimi, Gro Harlem Brundtland, Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Jimmy Carter, Mary Robinson, Muhammad Yunus, and Aung San Suu Kyi (with an empty chair for her).[30]
The Elders will be independently funded by a group of "Founders", including Branson and Gabriel.
Desmond Tutu serves as the chair of the Elders, who will use their collective skills to catalyse peaceful resolutions to long-standing conflicts, articulate new approaches to global issues that are causing or may later cause immense human suffering, and share wisdom by helping to connect voices all over the world. They will work together over the next several months to consider carefully which specific issues they will confront.
In November 2007 Gabriel's non-profit group WITNESS launched The Hub, a participatory media site for human rights.
In September 2008 Gabriel was named as the recipient of Amnesty International’s 2008 Ambassador of Conscience Award. In the same month, he received Quadriga United We Care award of Werkstatt Deutschland along with Boris Tadić, Eckart Höfling and Wikipedia. The award was presented to him by Queen Silvia of Sweden.[31]
Gabriel lent his support to the campaign to release Sakineh Mohammadi Ashtiani, an Iranian woman sentenced to death by stoning after being convicted of committing adultery.[32]
Politics[link]
At the 1997 general election, Gabriel declared his support for the Labour Party, which won that election by a landslide after 18 years out of power, led by Tony Blair.[33]
In 1998, Gabriel was named in a list of the biggest private financial donors to Labour.[34] In 2003, he revealed he had voted for Labour and admired what they had done for health and education but distanced himself from the Labour government over Tony Blair’s support for George W. Bush and Britain’s involvement in the Iraq War, which he strongly opposed, although he continued to believe Blair was a man of conscience.[35] Quoted in The Mirror newspaper, he said:
This is a fundamental issue of life and death and I very much think the Prime Minister is in the wrong. I'm also sure George W. Bush is an affable bloke but he's highly dangerous and I wish America was in the hands of someone else. To put oil interests ahead of human life is appalling. War is always terrible but unjustified war is obscene and on present evidence that is what we are facing. People want peace and I think it's great that the Mirror is leading this campaign. I think the consequences of this war would be the biggest threat to world peace in my lifetime...There is a slogan which says: 'Peace is what happens when you respect the rights of others'. Iraqis have rights too.[36]
In 2005, Gabriel gave a Green Party of England and Wales general election candidate special permission to record a cover of his song "Don't Give Up" for his campaign.[37]
In 2010, The Guardian described Gabriel as "a staunch advocate of proportional representation".[38]
In 2012, Gabriel condemned the use of his music by American talk radio personality Rush Limbaugh during a controversial segment in which Limbaugh vilified Georgetown University law student Sandra Fluke. A statement on behalf of Gabriel read: "Peter was appalled to learn that his music was linked to Rush Limbaugh's extraordinary attack on Sandra Fluke. It is obvious from anyone that knows Peter's work that he would never approve such a use. He has asked his representatives to make sure his music is withdrawn and especially from these unfair, aggressive and ignorant comments."[39]
Personal life[link]
Gabriel has two daughters with his first wife Jill Moore: Anna-Marie (born 26 July 1974) and Melanie Gabriel (born 23 August 1976). Married on 17 March 1971, they divorced in 1987. Moore's father was Lord Moore of Wolvercote.
Anna-Marie is a filmmaker and Melanie is a musician. Anna-Marie filmed and directed the Growing Up On Tour: A Family Portrait and Still Growing Up: Live & Unwrapped DVDs. Melanie has been a backing vocalist in her father's band since 2002.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Gabriel lived with actress Rosanna Arquette but they never married.
Gabriel also has two sons with Meabh Flynn: Isaac Ralph (born 27 September 2001) and Luc (born 5 July 2008). Gabriel and Flynn have been married since 9 June 2002.
Gabriel has resided for many years in the county of Wiltshire in England, where he also runs his Real World Studios. He previously lived in the Woolley Valley near Bath, Somerset. In 2010 he joined a campaign to stop an agricultural development at the valley, which had also inspired his first solo single "Solsbury Hill" in 1977.[40]
Appearances: 2005–present[link]
Gabriel actively coordinated and performed at the Eden Project Live 8 concert in July 2005. In his earliest days, Gabriel played flute on Cat Stevens's first album on the Island records label, Mona Bone Jakon as a "nervous session musician". Stevens, now known as Yusuf Islam, joined him on stage 33 years after that experience, in Johannesburg during Nelson Mandela's 46664 concert. The two performed the Stevens hit "Wild World".
A double DVD set, Still Growing Up: Live & Unwrapped, was released in October 2005.
FIFA asked Gabriel and Brian Eno to organise an opening ceremony for the 2006 FIFA World Cup finals in Germany, planned to take place a couple of days before the start of the tournament; however, the show was cancelled in January 2006 by FIFA.
Rumours of a possible reunion of the original Genesis line-up began circulating in 2004 after Phil Collins stated in an interview that he was open to the idea of sitting back behind the drums and "let Peter be the singer." The classic line-up has only reformed for a live performance once before, in 1982. However, the group did work together to create a new version of the 1974 song "The Carpet Crawlers", ultimately released on the Turn It On Again: The Hits album as "The Carpet Crawlers 1999". Gabriel later met with other Genesis band members, to discuss a possible reunion tour of The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway. He chose to opt out of a reunion tour, and his former bandmates, Collins, Banks, and Rutherford chose to tour as Genesis without him.
At the opening ceremonies of the Winter Olympics in Turin, Italy, Gabriel performed John Lennon's "Imagine" during the opening of the festivities on 10 February 2006.
In October 2006, Gabriel was given the first Pioneer Award at the BT Digital Music Awards, an award presented in recognition of his "profound and lasting influence on the development of digital music."
In November 2006, the Seventh World Summit of Nobel Peace Laureates in Rome presented Gabriel with the Man of Peace award. The award, presented by former President of the USSR and Nobel Peace Prize winner Mikhail Gorbachev and Walter Veltroni, Mayor of Rome, was an acknowledgement of Gabriel's extensive contribution and work on behalf of human rights and peace. The award was presented in the Giulio Cesare Hall of the Campidoglio in Rome. At the end of the year, he was awarded the Q magazine Lifetime Achievement Award, presented to him by American musician Moby. In an interview published in the magazine to accompany the award, Gabriel's contribution to music was described as "vast and enduring."
Gabriel took on a project with the BBC World Service's competition "The Next Big Thing" to find the world's best young band. Gabriel is judging the final six young artists with William Orbit, Geoff Travis and Angélique Kidjo.
The Times reported on 21 January 2007, that Peter Gabriel had announced that he planned to release his next album in the U.S. without the aid of a record company. Gabriel, an early pioneer of digital music distribution, had raised £2 million towards recording and 'shipping' his next album, Big Blue Ball in a venture with investment boutique Ingenious Media. Gabriel is expected to earn double the money that he would through a conventional record deal. Commercial director Duncan Reid of Ingenious explains the business savvy of the deal, saying, "If you're paying a small distribution fee and covering your own marketing costs, you enjoy the lion's share of the proceeds of the album. Gabriel is expected to outsource CD production for worldwide release through Warner Bros. Records. The new album deal covers the North America territory, where Gabriel is currently out of contract.[41]
The album Big Blue Ball was launched in America thanks to a venture capital trust initiative. Bosses at London-based firm Ingenious raised more than $4 million (GBP 2 million) to help promote the release in the United States. The venture capitalists, Gabriel and his Real World Limited partners, have created a new joint venture company, High Level Recordings Limited, to oversee the release of the album, which took place in 2008. Gabriel appeared on a nationwide tour for the album in 2009.[42]
On 24 May 2007, he was honoured with the Ivor Novello Award for lifetime achievement.[43]
Gabriel was a judge for the 6th and 8th annual Independent Music Awards to support independent artists.[44]
In February 2009, Gabriel announced that he would not be performing on the 2008 Academy Awards telecast because producers of the show were limiting his performance of "Down to Earth" from WALL-E to 65 seconds. John Legend and the Soweto Gospel Choir performed the song in his stead.
Gabriel's 2009 tour of Mexico and South America included visiting Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Peru, and Venezuela. His first ever performance in Peru was held in Lima on 20 March 2009, during his second visit to the country. His concert in Mexico City, on 27 March 2009, attracted more than 38,000 fans.
On 25 July 2009, he played at WOMAD Charlton Park, his only European performance of the year, to promote Witness. The show included two tracks from the then-forthcoming Scratch My Back: Paul Simon's "The Boy in the Bubble" and The Magnetic Fields' "The Book of Love".[45]
On 5 October 2011 at the Royal Festival Hall, London Gabriel appeared at the end of an interview of President Carter by Channel 4 News presenter, Jon Snow, to lead the 2,500-strong audience in a rendition of happy birthday to mark the President turning 87.
On 9 November 2011 he appeared and performed on CBS's Late Show with David Letterman.
Discography[link]
Main article: Peter Gabriel discography
- Peter Gabriel 1 (Car) (1977)
- Peter Gabriel 2 (Scratch) (1978)
- Peter Gabriel 3 (Melt) (1980)
- Ein deutsches Album (1980)
- Peter Gabriel 4 (Security) (1982)
- Deutsches Album (1982)
- Birdy (1985)
- So (1986)
- Passion (1989)
- Us (1992)
- OVO (2000)
- Long Walk Home (2002)
- Up (2002)
- Scratch My Back (2010)
- New Blood (2011)
See also[link]
- List of best selling music artists
- List of artists who reached number one on the Hot 100 (U.S.)
- List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Dance chart
- List of artists who reached number one on the U.S. Mainstream Rock chart
References[link]
- ^ Peter Gabriel Biography PeterGabriel.com
- ^ a b c d Peter Gabriel, 'Sledgehammer' (1986) - The 30 All-TIME Best Music Videos Time. Retrieved 19 November 2011
- ^ "Peter Gabriel Receives Top Honor at BMI London Awards". bmi.com. http://www.bmi.com/news/entry/535578. Retrieved 2010-10-13.
- ^ a b The BRITs 1987 Brits.co.uk. Retrieved 24 November 2011
- ^ Past Winners: Peter Gabriel Grammy.com. Retrieved 24 November 2011
- ^ Peter Gabriel Profile LyricsOnDemand.com
- ^ Family detective: Peter Gabriel Telegraph.co.uk
- ^ a b c d Neer, Dan (1985). Mike on Mike [interview LP], Atlantic Recording Corporation.
- ^ Solsbury Hill by Peter Gabriel Songfacts.com
- ^ Flans, Robyn (1 May 2005). "Classic Tracks: Phil Collins' "In the Air Tonight"". MixOnline.com. http://mixonline.com/mag/audio_phil_collins_air/index.html.
- ^ So - Peter Gabriel (review) Allmusic. Retrieved 21 November 2011
- ^ a b Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums. London: Guinness World Records Limited
- ^ a b c Whitburn, Joel (2006). The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits. Billboard Books
- ^ "British album certifications – Peter Gabriel – So". British Phonographic Industry. Enter So in the field Search. Select Title in the field Search by. Select album in the field By Format. Click Go
- ^ "American album certifications – Peter Gabriel – So". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Album, then click SEARCH
- ^ So - Peter Gabriel (credits) Allmusic. Retrieved 21 November 2011
- ^ The 100 Greatest Albums Of The 80s. Rolling Stone. Special Issue 1990. Retrieved 21 November 2011
- ^ MTV. Top Ten Animated Videos Countdown. June 28, 1998
- ^ 29th Grammy Awards - 1987 Rock On The Net. Retrieved 19 November 2011
- ^ [1]
- ^ Volume 3: Further in Time Real World Records
- ^ "See it. Film it. Change it. Using video to open the eyes of the world to human rights violations". Witness. http://www.witness.org. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
- ^ 'Peter Gabriel goes ape for research project' Top40-Charts.com, 20 July 2001
- ^ "Peter Gabriel and David Engelke purchase Solid State Logic". 21 June 2005. http://broadcastengineering.com/audio/Ssl-purchase-music-20050621/. Retrieved 19 September 2011.
- ^ Breen, Christopher (2008-05-27). "B&W and Real World Launch Music Club". PC World. http://www.pcworld.com/article/146352/bandw_and_real_world_launch_music_club.html. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
- ^ "Peter Gabriel talks about his work for Amnesty International". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r0UYgKOv9_g. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
- ^ "Peter Gabriel TV Interview On NBC Today Show about Amnesty concerts". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xcj9CRdSYEI. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
- ^ "The North South Prize of Lisbon". North-South Centre. Council of Europe. Archived from the original on 15 February 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080215230739/http://www.coe.int/t/e/north-south_centre/programmes/7_north-south_prize/winners_PNS.asp. Retrieved 21 January 2008.
- ^ "Ms. Vera Duarte, Minister of Education, Cape Verde". Council of Europe. http://www.coe.int/t/dg4/nscentre/20th_anniversary/Testimonies/Interview_VeraDuarte.pdf. Retrieved 2011-11-03.
- ^ "About". The Elders. http://www.theelders.org/elders/. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
- ^ "Die Quadriga - Award 2008" (in (German)). Loomarea.com. http://loomarea.com/die_quadriga/e/index.php?title=Award_2008. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
- ^ "Iran stoning case woman ordered to name campaigners". The Guardian (London). 22 July 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/jul/22/iran-stoning-woman-campaigners.
- ^ "Who's backing whom at the election?". BBC News. 21 April 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/vote_2005/frontpage/4464557.stm. Retrieved 13 April 2011.
- ^ "'Luvvies' for Labour". BBC News. 30 August 1998. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/161057.stm. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
- ^ The Mirror, 1 March 2003.
- ^ "Peter Gabriel backs antiwar campaign". http://www.mail-archive.com/antinato@topica.com/msg07910.html.
- ^ "Green candidate sings for votes". BBC News. 29 April 2005. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/vote_2005/england/4497761.stm. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
- ^ "Peter Gabriel: 'It doesn't have anything to do with witchcraft!'". The Guardian. 2 June 2010. http://www.guardian.co.uk/music/2010/jun/02/peter-gabriel-scratch-my-back. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
- ^ "Peter Gabriel Pulls Music From 'Rush Limbaugh Show'". http://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/peter-gabriel-pulls-music-from-rush-limbaugh-show-20120305#ixzz1pQftliJu.
- ^ "Peter Gabriel attacks Woolley Valley farm plans". BBC News. 19 May 2010. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/somerset/8693430.stm. Retrieved 15 Jan 2011.
- ^ Durman, Paul. Gabriel deals a blow to the record business, The Times. 21 January 2007.
- ^ Gabriel Calls on Venture Capitalists To Help Album Launch, contactmusic.com. 24 January 2007.
- ^ "Winehouse, Madonna win U.K. songwriting prizes". CBC.ca Arts. 24 May 2007. http://www.cbc.ca/arts/music/story/2007/05/24/novello-awards.html. Retrieved 27 November 2007.
- ^ "Past Judges". Independent Music Awards. http://www.independentmusicawards.com/ima_new/pastjudges.asp. Retrieved 2011-07-16.
- ^ Dalton, Stephen (27 July 2009). "Womad 2009 at Charlton Park Wiltshire". The Times (London). http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/music/festivals/article6728136.ece. Retrieved 22 May 2010.
External links[link]
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- Official website
- Peter Gabriel at the Internet Movie Database
- Peter Gabriel discography at MusicBrainz
- Peter Gabriel at TED Conferences
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Peter Gabriel on Charlie Rose
- Works by or about Peter Gabriel in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- Peter Gabriel collected news and commentary at The Guardian
- Audio interview at BBC Wiltshire
- Peter Gabriel takes part in a panel at the Global Philanthropy Forum video
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Gabriel, Peter |
| Alternative names | Gabriel, Peter Brian |
| Short description | Musician, record producer |
| Date of birth | 13 February 1950 |
| Place of birth | Cobham, Surrey, England |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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| Jaco Pastorius | |
|---|---|
 Pastorius in concert at Naples, Italy in 1986 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | John Francis Anthony Pastorius, III |
| Born | (1951-12-01)December 1, 1951 Norristown, Pennsylvania |
| Died | September 21, 1987(1987-09-21) (aged 35) Fort Lauderdale, Florida |
| Genres | Jazz, jazz fusion, big band |
| Occupations | Musician, songwriter, producer, educator |
| Instruments | Bass, drums, piano, backing vocals, mandocello, steel drums |
| Years active | 1964–1987 |
| Labels | Epic, Warner Bros., Columbia, ECM, CBS, Elektra |
| Associated acts | Weather Report, Herbie Hancock, Pat Metheny, Joni Mitchell, Trio of Doom, Blood, Sweat & Tears, Word of Mouth, |
| Website | www.jacopastorius.com |
| Notable instruments | |
| Fender Jazz Bass | |
John Francis Anthony Pastorius III (December 1, 1951 – September 21, 1987), known as Jaco Pastorius, was an American jazz musician, composer, and electric bass player.
His playing style was noteworthy for containing intricate solos in the higher register and for the "singing" quality he achieved on the fretless bass. His innovations also included the use of harmonics. Pastorius suffered from mental illness including a substance-related disorder, and was diagnosed with bipolar disorder in 1982. He died in 1987 at age 35 following a violent altercation at a Fort Lauderdale bar.
Pastorius was inducted into the Down Beat Jazz Hall of Fame in 1988, one of only six bassists to be so honored (and the only electric bass guitarist). He is one of the most influential electric bass players of all time.
Contents |
Early life and education[link]
John Francis Pastorius III was born December 1, 1951 in Norristown, Pennsylvania[1] to Jack Pastorius (big band singer and drummer) and Stephanie Katherine Haapala Pastorius,[2] the first of their three children, Jaco Pastorius was of Finnish, German, Swedish and Irish ancestry.[3]
Shortly after his birth, his family moved to Oakland Park, Florida, (near Fort Lauderdale). Pastorius went to elementary and middle school at St. Clement's Catholic School in Wilton Manors, and he was an altar boy at the adjoining church.[4] In his years at St. Clement's, the art he was most known for was drawing.[citation needed]
Pastorius formed his first band named The Sonics along with John Caputo and Dean Noel. He went to high school at Northeast High in Oakland Park, Florida.[5] He was a talented athlete with skills in football, basketball, and baseball, and he picked up music at an early age. He took the name "Anthony" at his confirmation.[5]
He loved baseball and often watched it with his father. Pastorius' nickname was influenced by his love of sports and also by the umpire Jocko Conlan.[5] He changed the spelling from "Jocko" to "Jaco" after the pianist Alex Darqui sent him a note. Darqui, who was French, assumed the name was spelled "Jaco"; Pastorius liked the new spelling.[5] Jaco Pastorius had a second nickname, given to him by his younger brother Gregory: "Mowgli", after the wild young boy in Rudyard Kipling's children's classic, The Jungle Book. Gregory gave him the nickname in reference to his seemingly endless energy as a child.[5] Jaco Pastorius would later establish his music publishing company as Mowgli Music. In 1973, he was an instructor at the University of Miami's Frost School of Music.[citation needed]
Music career[link]
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Jaco Pastorius started out following in the footsteps of his father Jack, playing the drums,[6] however he injured his wrist playing football at age 13. The damage to his wrist was severe enough to warrant corrective surgery and ultimately inhibited his ability to play drums.[5] At the time, he had been playing with a local band, Las Olas Brass, and since the bass player, David Neubauer, had decided to quit the band, he picked up an electric bass guitar from a local pawn shop for $15, and began to learn to play,[7] with drummer Rich Franks assuming his former position in the band.[8]
By 1968–1969, Pastorius had begun to appreciate jazz and had scraped up enough money to buy an upright bass. Its deep, mellow tone appealed to him even if its cost was prohibitive. Pastorius discovered the difficulties in maintaining the instrument, which he attributed to the humidity of his Florida home, coupled with his shift in focus to R&B music. Following the development of a crack in the body of the instrument, he finally traded it in for a 1960 Fender Jazz Bass.[9]
Pastorius' first real break came when he secured the bass chair with Wayne Cochran and The C.C. Riders[6] He also played on various local R&B and jazz records during that time such as Little Beaver, Ira Sullivan's Quintet, and Woodchuck. In 1974, he began playing with his friend and future famous jazz guitarist, Pat Metheny. They recorded together, first with Paul Bley as leader and Bruce Ditmas on drums, then with drummer Bob Moses. Metheny and Pastorius recorded a trio album with Bob Moses on the ECM label, entitled Bright Size Life.
Debut album[link]
In 1975, Pastorius was introduced to Blood, Sweat & Tears drummer Bobby Colomby, who had been given the green light by CBS Records to find "new talent" for their jazz division.[10] Pastorius' first album, produced by Colomby was the eponymous Jaco Pastorius (1976), a breakthrough album for the electric bass.[1] Many consider this to be the finest bass album ever recorded;[1] when it exploded onto the jazz scene it was widely praised by critics. The album also boasted a lineup of heavyweights in the jazz community at the time—essentially a stellar backup band—including Herbie Hancock, Wayne Shorter, David Sanborn, Lenny White, Don Alias, and Michael Brecker among others. Even legendary R&B singers Sam & Dave reunited to appear on the track "Come On, Come Over".[11]
Weather Report[link]
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Around the time of his solo album, he ran into keyboardist Josef Zawinul in Miami, where Zawinul's band, Weather Report, was playing. According to Zawinul, Pastorius walked up to him after a concert one night and talked about the performance and said that it was all right but that he had expected more.[12] He then went on to introduce himself to Zawinul, adding that he was the greatest bass player in the world. An unamused Zawinul told him to "get the fuck outta here."[13] According to Milkowski's book, on that same evening, Pastorius persisted and, according to Zawinul, reminded Zawinul of himself when he was a "brash young man" in Cannonball Adderley's band, which made Zawinul admire the young bassist. Zawinul asked for a demo tape from Pastorius, and thus began a correspondence between the two.
Pastorius joined Weather Report during the recording sessions for Black Market, and he became a vital part of the band by virtue of the unique qualities of his bass playing, his skills as a composer and his exuberant showmanship on stage.
Guest appearances on albums[link]
Pastorius guested on many albums by other artists, as for example in 1976 with Ian Hunter of Mott the Hoople fame, on All American Alien Boy, which again featured David Sanborn as well as Aynsley Dunbar. Other recordings included Joni Mitchell's Hejira album, and a solo album by Al Di Meola which were also standouts, both released in 1976. Soon after that, Weather Report bass player Alphonso Johnson gave notice that he would be leaving to start his own band. Zawinul invited Pastorius to join the band, where he played alongside Joe and Wayne Shorter until 1983. During his time with Weather Report, Pastorius made his indelible mark on jazz music, notably by being featured on one of the most popular jazz albums of all time, the Grammy Award-nominated Heavy Weather. Not only did this album showcase Pastorius's bass playing and songwriting, but he also received a co-producing credit with Joe Zawinul and even played drums on his self-composed "Teen Town."
During the course of his musical career, Pastorius played on dozens of recording sessions for other musicians, both in and out of jazz circles. Some of his most notable are four highly regarded albums with acclaimed singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell: Hejira (1976), Don Juan's Reckless Daughter (1977), Mingus (1979) and the live album Shadows and Light (1980). His influence was most dominant on Don Juan's Reckless Daughter, and many of the songs on that album seem to be composed using the bass as a melodic source of inspiration. Also worthy of mention is his collaboration with important jazz figures Flora Purim and Airto Moreira. Pastorius can be heard on Moreira's 1977 release I'm Fine, How Are You? His signature sound is prominent on Purim's 1978 release Everyday Everynight, on which he played the bass melody for a Michel Colombier composition entitled "The Hope", and performed bass and vocals on one of his own compositions entitled "Las Olas".
Near the end of his career, he guested on low-key releases by jazz artists such as guitarist Mike Stern, guitarist Biréli Lagrène, and drummer Brian Melvin. In 1985, he recorded an instructional video, Modern Electric Bass, hosted by acclaimed bassist Jerry Jemmott.
Projects[link]
He and Weather Report parted ways in early 1981, and Jaco began pursuing his interest in creating a big band solo project named Word of Mouth, one that found its debut aurally on his second solo release, Word of Mouth. This 1981 album also boasted guest appearances by several distinguished jazz musicians: Herbie Hancock, Weather Report's Wayne Shorter and Peter Erskine, harmonica player Toots Thielemans and Hubert Laws. The album evinced Pastorius's composing talent alongside the focus on his instrumental performance. It also demonstrated his skills in production and his ability to deal with the logistics of a project that was recorded not only on both coasts of the United States, but also overseas: he recorded Thielemans' contributions in Belgium.
On his 30th birthday, December 1, 1981, he threw a party at a club in Fort Lauderdale, flew in some of the artists from his Word of Mouth project, and other noteworthy musicians that included Don Alias, and Michael Brecker. The event was recorded by his friend and engineer Peter Yianilos, who intended it as a birthday gift. The concert remained unreleased until 1995.
He toured in 1982; a swing through Japan was the highlight, and it was at this time that bizarre tales of Pastorius' deteriorating behavior first surfaced. He shaved his head, painted his face black and threw his bass into Hiroshima Bay at one point.[14] That tour was released in Japan as Twins I and Twins II and was condensed for an American release which was known as Invitation.
In 1982, he recorded a third solo album, which made it as far as some unpolished demo tapes, a steelpans-tinged release entitled Holiday for Pans, which once again showcased him as a composer and producer rather than a performer. Jaco Pastorius did not play any of the bass parts on this album. He could not find a distributor for the album and the album was never released; however, it has since been widely bootlegged. In 2003, a cut from Holiday for Pans, entitled "Good Morning Anya", was included on Rhino Records' anthology Punk Jazz.
Behavior and health problems[link]
Pastorius was diagnosed with bipolar disorder, formerly known as manic depression.[15] Pastorius showed numerous features of the condition long before his initial diagnosis, although they were insufficiently extreme to have been diagnosed at the time as mental illness, being regarded instead as eccentricities or character flaws.[16] The condition in its earlier stages is likely to have contributed to his success as a musician. Hypomania, the cyclical peaks in mood that distinguish bipolar disorder from unipolar depression, have been associated with enhanced creativity.[17] It was recognized (retrospectively) by friends and family that these peaks played an essential role in his urge to create music.[18]
In his early career, Pastorius avoided both alcohol and drugs, but he became increasingly involved in alcohol and other drugs during his time with Weather Report.[19] Alcohol abuse ultimately exacerbated Pastorius' condition, leading to increasingly erratic and sometimes anti-social behavior.[20]
Pastorius was diagnosed with bipolar disorder in late 1982 following the Word of Mouth tour of Japan in which his erratic behavior became an increasing source of concern for his band members. Drummer Peter Erskine's father, Dr. Fred Erskine, suggested that Pastorius was showing signs of the condition and, on his return from the tour, his wife, Ingrid, had Pastorius committed to Holy Cross hospital under the Florida Mental Health Act, where he received the diagnosis and was prescribed lithium to stabilize his moods.[21]
By 1986, Pastorius' health had further deteriorated. He had been evicted from his New York apartment and had begun living on the streets.[22] In July 1986, following intervention by his then ex-wife Ingrid with the help of his brother Gregory, he was admitted to Bellevue Hospital in New York, where he was prescribed Tegretol in preference to lithium.[21] He moved back to Fort Lauderdale in December of that year, again living on the streets for weeks at a time.[22]
Death[link]
After sneaking onstage at a Carlos Santana concert on September 11, 1987, and being ejected from the premises, Pastorius made his way to the Midnight Bottle Club in Wilton Manors, Florida.[23] After reportedly kicking in a glass door after being refused entrance to the club, he was engaged in a violent confrontation with the club bouncer, Luc Havan.[24] Pastorius was hospitalized for multiple facial fractures and injuries to his right eye and left arm. He fell into a coma and was put on life support.[citation needed]
There were initially encouraging signs that he would come out of his coma and recover, but a massive brain hemorrhage a few days later pointed to brain death. Pastorius died on September 21, 1987, aged 35, at Broward General Medical Center in Fort Lauderdale and was buried at Our Lady Queen of Heaven Cemetery in North Lauderdale.[25]
In the wake of Pastorius' death, Havan was charged with second degree murder but later pleaded guilty to manslaughter. Because he had no prior convictions, and accounting for time served while waiting for the verdict, he was sentenced to 22 months in jail and five years probation. He was released after four months in jail for good behavior.[26]
Honors and tributes[link]
Miles Davis honored the late bassist on his album Amandla with the Marcus Miller composition "Mr. Pastorius", as Jaco Pastorius was an inspiration for Marcus Miller.[27] Victor Wooten also honored Jaco Pastorius on his album Soul Circus on the track "Bass Tribute", thanking Pastorius several times. Wooten and Steve Bailey's Bass Extremes includes the tracks "Glorius Pastorius", "Portrait of Tracy," and also a tribute to Pastorius' interpretation of Charlie Parker's "Donna Lee" titled "Madonna Lee". The Pat Metheny Group also honored Pastorius on their album Pat Metheny Group with the track "Jaco". This song was not specifically written for Pastorius. Metheny wrote the song and then realized that the main melody sounded a lot like Pastorius' "Come On, Come Over", and subsequently decided to name the tune for Pastorius.[28] Bass player Brian Bromberg recorded a Pastorius tribute album entitled Jaco, which includes his interpretations of "Come On, Come Over", "The Chicken", "Portrait of Tracy", and more.[29]
John McLaughlin also honored Pastorius on his album Industrial Zen with the song "For Jaco". English keyboard player Rod Argent includes a track titled "Pastorius Mentioned" on his 1979 Album Moving Home. The song "Big Country", by Bela Fleck and the Flecktones, contains the opening lick from Pastorius' "Continuum". Stuart Zender, the original bass player and founding member of Jamiroquai, cites Pastorius as one of his main influences.
Since 1997, an annual birthday event takes place around December 1 in South Florida, hosted by his sons Julius and Felix Pastorius.
On December 2, 2007, the day after what would have been Pastorius' 56th birthday, a concert called "20th Anniversary (of his death) Tribute to Jaco Pastorius" was held at The Broward Center for the Performing Arts in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, featuring performances by the award-winning Jaco Pastorius Big Band with special guest appearances by Peter Erskine, Randy Brecker, Bob Mintzer, David Bargeron, Jimmy Haslip, Gerald Veasley, Pastorius' sons John and Julius Pastorius, Pastorius' daughter Mary Pastorius, Ira Sullivan, Bobby Thomas, Jr., and Dana Paul. Also shown were exclusive home movies and rare concert footage as well as video appearances by Pat Metheny, Joni Mitchell, and other luminaries from Pastorius' life. Almost 20 years after his death, Fender released the Jaco Pastorius Jazz Bass, a fretless instrument from its Artist Series.
On December 1, 2008, on what would have been Pastorius' 57th birthday, the park in Oakland Park's new downtown redevelopment was formally named 'Jaco Pastorius Park' in honor of its former resident.[30]
In 2010, recording artist The Flashbulb released a song titled "Pastorial Whiskers" on the album Love as a Dark Hallway. Nearly all of the bass tracks on the album are played with a Roland Jaco replica and are a homage to Pastorius' technique.
Playing style[link]
Technique[link]
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Sample from "Portrait of Tracy" with extensive use of harmonics.
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The "Jaco growl", often used for lyrical and melodic effect during solos, can be obtained by plucking the strings at the base of the fingerboard. The more punchy sound of Jaco's bass lines are achieved by using the bridge pickup exclusively, and plucking the strings right above the bridge pickup. Pastorius used natural and false harmonics to extend the range of the bass (exemplified in the bass solo composition "Portrait of Tracy" from his eponymous album) and could achieve his signature horn-like tone by utilizing his fretless neck (covered in polyurethane marine varnish). His playing techniques earned him accolades both from the critics and his audiences. He used finger-style playing exclusively, and was not seen using the slap and pop method that dominated the R&B charts.[citation needed]
Equipment[link]
Basses[link]
Pastorius was most identified by his use of two well-worn Fender Jazz Basses from the early 1960s: a 1960 fretted, and a 1962 fretless. The fretless, known by Jaco Pastorius as the "Bass of Doom", was originally a fretted bass that had the frets removed. Pastorius claimed to have removed the frets himself[31] but later said he had bought it with the frets already removed.[6] Pastorius finished the fretboard with marine epoxy (Pettit's PolyPoxy) to protect the wood from the roundwound Rotosound Swing 66 strings he was using.[6][31] Even though he played both the fretted and the fretless basses frequently, he preferred the fretless, because he felt frets were a hindrance, once calling them "speed bumps". However, he said in the instructional video that he never practiced with the fretless because the strings "eat the neck up." Both of his Fender basses were stolen shortly before he entered Bellevue hospital in 1986. In 1993, one of the basses resurfaced in a New York City music shop, with the distinctive letter P written between the two pickups. In 2008, the 1962 fretless "Bass of Doom" also turned up in good condition in New York.[32] It was subsequently acquired by Robert Trujillo, bassist with Metallica. Although Trujillo currently owns the instrument, the Metallica bassist agreed in writing to relinquish the instrument to the family at any time for the same purchase price.[33]
Amplification, effects, and strings[link]
Jaco Pastorius used the "Variamp" EQ (equalization) controls on his two Acoustic 360 amplifiers[34] (made by the Acoustic Control Corporation of Van Nuys, California) to boost the midrange frequencies, thus accentuating the natural growling tone of his fretless passive Fender Jazz Bass and roundwound string combination. His tone was also colored by the use of a rackmount MXR digital delay unit that fed a second Acoustic amp rig.
He often used Hartke cabinets during the final three years of his life because of their characteristic aluminum speaker cones (as opposed to paper speaker cones). These gave his tone a bright, clear sound. He typically used the delay in a chorus-like mode, providing a shimmering stereo doubling effect. He would often use the fuzz control built in on the Acoustic 361. For the bass solo "Slang" on the 8:30 album, Pastorius used the MXR digital delay to layer and loop a chordal figure and then he soloed over it.
Awards[link]
Apart from his career in the jazz fusion band Weather Report, Jaco Pastorius had two Grammy Award nominations for his self-titled debut album.[1] He won the readers' poll for induction into the Down Beat Jazz Hall of Fame in 1988, one of only four bassists to be so honored (the others being Charles Mingus, Milt Hinton, and Ray Brown), and the only electric bassist to receive this distinction.
Biography controversy[link]
In 1995, jazz author Bill Milkowski wrote Jaco: The Extraordinary And Tragic Life of Jaco Pastorius.[35] Published by Miller-Freeman, the book incorporated Milkowski's firsthand experiences with Jaco when he lived in New York between 1982 and 1986, when Pastorius's health had deteriorated.[36] This was supplemented by extensive interviews with friends, family and colleagues of Pastorius, as well as musicians and industry insiders.[37]
Pastorius's second wife Ingrid has complained that the book treated Jaco Pastorius with a lack of sensitivity,[36] and has listed a number of contextual inaccuracies on her website.[6] Guitarist Pat Metheny, who was a close friend before Pastorius joined Weather Report,[38] wrote in the liner notes of the reissue of Pastorius's first album that Milkowski's book was "a horribly inaccurate, botched biography".[39] Meanwhile, John Corbett of Downbeat wrote: “With insight, care and plenty of musical detail, Milkowski charts the bassist’s trip from Florida beach and cruise-ship gigs and a year in Wayne Cochran’s C.C. Riders to fame with Weather Report and misfortune in his drug-and-drink ridden ‘dark years.’” Michael Point of the Austin American-Statesman wrote: “To his great literary credit, Milkowski tells the bassist’s story with enlightening candor, allowing his sympathy to be palpable without obscuring the hard, cold facts.” Rick Anderson of Library Journal called it “A clean, carefully written, biography that tells Jaco’s story without lurid drama but also without flinching from the tragic details.”
A 10th anniversary edition, published in 2005 by Backbeat Books, was a greatly expanded and updated version that included a 40-minute CD of spoken word testimonies from key figures in Jaco's life along with examples of his early bands before joining Weather Report in 1976.
Influence[link]
Jaco has been cited as an influence by such great bass players of both jazz and rock as Marcus Miller, Victor Wooten, Steve Bailey, Neil Stubenhaus, Jimmy Haslip, Oteil Burbridge, Linley Marthe, Richard Bona, Hadrien Feraud, Robert Trujillo, Neil Murray,[40] Tony Franklin[41], Pedro Aznar[42] and Juan Alderete among many others.
Selected discography[link]
Main article: Jaco Pastorius discography
| Solo | Weather Report | Collaboration | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Album | Artist | |||
| 1975 | Pat Metheny | |||
| 1976 | Ian Hunter Joni Mitchell |
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| 1977 | Joni Mitchell | |||
| 1978 | Herbie Hancock | |||
| 1979 |
|
Joni Mitchell Joni Mitchell |
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| 1980 | Herbie Hancock | |||
| 1981 | ||||
| 1982 | ||||
| 1983 |
|
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Notes[link]
- ^ a b c d Jaco Pastorius official website
- ^ Ingrid's Jaco Cyber Nest; FAQ
- ^ Ingrid's Jaco Cybernest; FAQ
- ^ GQ, 1988
- ^ a b c d e f Milkowski, 2005
- ^ a b c d e Jaco Pastorius official website biography
- ^ BBC radio 3 profile; Jaco Pastorius official website biography
- ^ Rich Franks; Jaco Pastorius official website biography
- ^ Bob Bobbing (2007), Jaco and the upright bass; Jaco Pastorius Official Website biography
- ^ Bobby Colomby
- ^ AllMusic; Jaco Pastorius credits
- ^ Zawinul, Josef. Portrait of Jaco
- ^ GQ
- ^ Milkowski, 20055
- ^ Mary Pastorius; Daddy, just Daddy to me
- ^ Milkowski, 2005; Grayson, 2003
- ^ Santosa, 2006; Redfield 1993
- ^ Ingrid's Jaco Cybernest; Ken Gemmer's Insight; Torn Moon 1987
- ^ Milkowski, 2005; Flynn
- ^ Torn Moon 1987; United Press 1987
- ^ a b Ingrid's Jaco Cybernest; Mind II
- ^ a b Torn Moon 1987
- ^ Stanton p195
- ^ Jeff Stratton (2006-11-30). "browardpalmbeach.com". browardpalmbeach.com. http://www.browardpalmbeach.com/2006-11-30/news/jaco-incorporated/5/. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
- ^ Stanton
- ^ Broward Palm Beach News 2006
- ^ Perspectives on Jaco; Cole p297
- ^ Metheny, Pat. Pat Metheny Songbook. Appendix: Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 439. ISBN 0-634-00796-3.
- ^ Billboard, Oct 26, 2002; Kelman, 2009
- ^ Oakland Park Main Street
- ^ a b Rosen, 1978
- ^ Jisi, 2008
- ^ Robert Trujillo Assists Pastorius Family In Recovering the Infamous Bass Of Doom
- ^ "Acoustic 360 amplifiers". Acoustic.homeunix.net. http://acoustic.homeunix.net/twiki/bin/view/Acoustic/BassPreamp360. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
- ^ Milkowski, 1995
- ^ a b Ingrid's Jaco Cybernest; Book
- ^ Bob Bobbing post; jacopastorius.com forums
- ^ Flynn, Metheny interview
- ^ Metheny, liner notes
- ^ Dmitry M. EPSTEIN Copyright 2003 - dmitry at epstein.to. "LET IT ROCK - Neil MURRAY interview". Dmme.net. http://dmme.net/interviews/nmurray.html. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
- ^ "Tony Franklin's bass tips". Tonyfranklin.com. http://www.tonyfranklin.com/basstips_3.html. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
- ^ "Pedro Aznar: encuentro con Jaco Pastorius". Edant.clarin.com. 2009-09-30. http://edant.clarin.com/diario/2009/09/30/espectaculos/c-02008852.htm. Retrieved 2011-07-19.
References[link]
- "Jaco Pastorius official website". Jacopastorius.co.uk. http://www.jacopastorius.co.uk/index2.html. Retrieved June 27, 2007.
- "Jaco Pastorius: 20 Years Later". NPR. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14578299&sc=nl&cc=mn-20071007. Retrieved March 4, 2008.
- United Press (September 22, 1987). "Jazz Musician Jaco Pastorius Dies". JoniMitchell.com. http://jonimitchell.com/library/view.cfm?id=1094. Retrieved June 4, 2009.
- "Jaco Pastorius credits". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r145247. Retrieved June 27, 2007.
- Billboard (October 26, 2002). "Come on, come over". Jazz Notes. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JQ0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA33&dq=jaco+pastorius+influence#v=onepage. Retrieved October 28, 2009.
- "Oakland Park to cut ribbon for Jaco Pastorius Park on December 1st". oaklandparkmainstreet.com. October 31, 2008. http://oaklandparkmainstreet.com/PressReleases/Jaco_Pastorius_Park.pdf. Retrieved June 19, 2009. [dead link]
- Torn Moon (September 20, 1987). "Dark Days For A Jazz Genius". Miami Herald. JoniMitchell.com. http://jonimitchell.com/library/view.cfm?id=924. Retrieved June 4, 2009.
- "Radio 3 Jazz Profiles: Jaco Pastorius". BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio3/jazz/profiles/jaco_pastorius.shtml. Retrieved March 4, 2008.
- "Jaco Incorporated". New Times. http://www.browardpalmbeach.com/2006-11-30/news/jaco-incorporated/6. Retrieved July 3, 2009.
- "Robert Trujillo Assists Pastorius Family In Recovering the Infamous Bass Of Doom". Metallica.com. May 28, 2010. http://www.metallica.com/news/may-28-2010-robert-trujillo-assists-pastorius-family-in-recovering-the-infamous-bass-of-doom.asp. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
- Bobbing, Bob (2008). "Bill Milkowski's Jaco Biography". JacoPastorius.com forums. http://www.jacopastorius.com/interact/discussions/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=4692&SearchTerms=milkowski. Retrieved June 19, 2009. [dead link]
- Bobbing, Bob (2007). "Jaco and the upright bass". JacoPastorius.com forums. http://www.jacopastorius.com/interact/discussions/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=3253.
- Cole, George (2005). The Last Miles: The music of Miles Davis, 1980–1991. Michigan: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-03260-0. http://books.google.com/?id=H5r-mzXMJfEC.
- Colomby, Bobby (2005). "Bobby Columby Story....True?". JacoPastorius.com forums. http://www.jacopastorius.com/interact/discussions/topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=2217&whichpage=1.
- Currin, Grayson (August 6, 2003). "Continuum". IndyWeek.com. http://www.indyweek.com/gyrobase/Content?oid=oid%3A19967. Retrieved June 3, 2009.
- Flynn, Mike. "Pat Metheny — A man and machine in perfect harmony". munkio.com. http://www.munkio.com/words/pat_metheny.html. Retrieved June 11, 2009.
- Franks, Trane. "Untitled". threeviews.com. http://threeviews.com/ssfranks.htm. Retrieved October 1, 2009.
- Gemmer, Ken. "Ken Gemmer's Insight". jacop.net. http://www.jacop.net/gemmer.html. Retrieved June 4, 2009.
- Ginell, Richard S. All Music Jaco Pastorius biography. Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p7295. Retrieved June 24, 2007.
- Jamison, Kay Redfield (1993). Touched With Fire: Manic-Depressive Illness and the Creative Temperament. New York: The Free Press.
- Jisi, Chris (March 2008). "Jaco’s 1962 Fender Jazz Bass "Bass of Doom" Found!". Bass Player Online (New Bay Media, LLC). http://www.bassplayer.com/article/jacos-1962-fender/mar-08/34267. Retrieved January 17, 2009.
- Jordan, Pat (1988). "Who Killed Jaco Pastorius?". GQ (May). http://www.lucaspickford.com/jaco-gq1.jpg. Retrieved June 21, 2009.
- Kelman, John. "Brian Bromberg – "Jaco" – Jazz Review". indiejazz.com. http://www.indiejazz.com/Review.aspx?review=brain-bromberg-jaco. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
- Metheny, Pat (2000). "The Life and Music of Jaco Pastorious". Liner Notes to Jaco's eponymous debut album. http://www.jacopastorius.com/biography/life.asp. Retrieved May 23, 2009. [dead link]
- Miller, Marcus (2002). "Perspectives on Jaco". JacoPastorius.com. http://www.jacopastorius.com/features/guestartists/marcusmiller.asp. Retrieved June 19, 2009. [dead link]
- Milkowsi, Bill (1984). "Bass Revolutionary: Jaco Pastorius Interview". Guitar Player (August 1984). http://www.lucaspickford.com/transinterview.htm.
- Milkowski, Bill (1995). Jaco: the extraordinary and tragic life of Jaco Pastorius (1st ed.). Backbeat Books. ISBN 0-87930-361-1.
- Milkowski, Bill (2005). Jaco: The Extraordinary and Tragic Life of Jaco Pastorius (2nd ed.). Backbeat Books. ISBN 0-87930-361-1.
- Pastorius, Ingrid. Frequently asked questions. Ingrid's Jaco Cyber Nest. http://www.jacop.net/faq.html. Retrieved September 30, 2009.
- Pastorius, Ingrid. "Book". Ingrid's Jaco Cybernest. http://www.jacop.net/book.html. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
- Pastorius, Ingrid. "Book Corrections". Ingrid's Jaco Cybernest. http://www.jacop.net/book2.html. Retrieved June 19, 2009.
- Pastorius, Ingrid. "Mind II". Ingrid's Jaco Cybernest. http://www.jacop.net/mind2.html. Retrieved June 3, 2009.
- Pastorius, Mary (1994). "Daddy, just Daddy to me". jacopastorius.com. http://www.jacopastorius.com/features/writings/daddy.asp. Retrieved June 8, 2009. [dead link]
- Prasad, Anil (1997). "Joe Zawinul, Man of the people". Innerviews. http://www.innerviews.org/inner/zawinul.html. Retrieved June 11, 2009. [dead link]
- Rosen, Steve (1978). "Portrait of Jaco". JacoPastorius.com. http://www.jacopastorius.com/features/interviews/portrait.asp}. Retrieved June 12, 2009. [dead link]
- Santosa, C.M.; Strong, C.M., Nowakowska, C., Wang, P.W., Rennicke, C.M. and Ketter, T.A. (2006). "Enhanced creativity in bipolar disorder patients: A controlled study.". Journal of Affective Disorders 100 (1–3): 31–39. DOI:10.1016/j.jad.2006.10.013. PMID 17126406. http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T2X-4MFJJ20-1&_user=1553915&_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2007&_rdoc=1&_fmt=full&_orig=search&_cdi=4930&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000053677&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=1553915&md5=684489f6fee41b3ddccaffd7326c0b10#bibl001.
- Salloum, I.M.; Thase, M.E. (2000). "Impact of substance abuse on the course and treatment of bipolar disorder". Bipolar Disorders 2 (3 Pt 2): 269–80. DOI:10.1034/j.1399-5618.2000.20308.x. PMID 11249805.
- Stanton, Scott (2003). The Tombstone Tourist: Musicians. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 0-7434-6330-7.
External links[link]
|
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Jaco Pastorius |
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jaco Pastorius |
- Official website
- Jaco Pastorius My Space
- Jaco Pastorius discography at MusicBrainz
- Jacob Pastorius profile at NNDB
- Pastorius family site
- Fender Jaco Pastorius Jazz Bass Fretless
- Jaco Pastorius: 12 Essential Performances by Jared Pauley (jazz.com)
- Jaco 1978 Radio Interview: rare audio
- Jaco's grave
- Interview with Ingrid Pastorius
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Pastorius, Jaco |
| Alternative names | John Francis Anthony Pastorius III (real name) |
| Short description | Musician, producer, educator |
| Date of birth | 1951-12-01 |
| Place of birth | Norristown, Pennsylvania, United States |
| Date of death | 1987-09-21 |
| Place of death | Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States |
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http://ru.wn.com/Пасториус, Джако
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaco_Pastorius
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Jennifer Granholm | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| 47th Governor of Michigan | |
| In office January 1, 2003 – January 1, 2011 |
|
| Lieutenant | John Cherry |
| Preceded by | John Engler |
| Succeeded by | Rick Snyder |
| 51st Attorney General of Michigan | |
| In office January 1, 1999 – January 1, 2003 |
|
| Governor | John Engler |
| Preceded by | Frank Kelley |
| Succeeded by | Mike Cox |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1959-02-05) February 5, 1959 (age 53) Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada |
| Political party | Democratic Party |
| Spouse(s) | Daniel Mulhern (since 1986) |
| Children | Kathryn Cecelia Jack |
| Alma mater | University of California, Berkeley Harvard Law School |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Religion | Roman Catholicism |
Jennifer Mulhern Granholm (born February 5, 1959) is a Canadian-born American politician, educator, author and political commentator who served as Attorney General and 47th Governor of the U.S. state of Michigan. A member of the Democratic Party, Granholm became Michigan's first female governor on January 1, 2003, when she succeeded Governor John Engler. Granholm was re-elected on November 7, 2006, and was sworn in for her second and, due to term limits, final term on January 1, 2007. She has been mentioned as a potential Supreme Court justice for President Barack Obama.[1] She was a member of the transition team for the presidency of President Obama before he assumed office on January 20, 2009.[2] After leaving office, Granholm took a position at the University of California at Berkeley and, with her husband Daniel Mulhern, coauthored A Governor's Story: The Fight for Jobs and America's Future, released in September 2011.[3] Since leaving office, Granholm became host of The War Room with Jennifer Granholm on Current TV.
Contents |
Early life, education, and early career[link]
Granholm was born in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, to Shirley Alfreda (née Dowden) and Victor Ivar Granholm.[4] Granholm's paternal grandfather, who immigrated to Canada in the 1930s, came from Robertsfors, Sweden, where his father was mayor.[5] The Minister for Enterprise and Energy and former Vice Prime Minister of Sweden, Maud Olofsson, lives in Robertsfors, and when the two met in Sweden, it was revealed that Olofsson's husband is a relative of Granholm's.[6]
Granholm's paternal grandmother was an emigrant from Norway. Granholm's family moved to California when she was four.[7] She grew up in Anaheim, San Jose and San Carlos.[8] Granholm graduated from San Carlos High School in 1977.[7] She won the Miss San Carlos beauty pageant.[8] As a young adult she attempted to launch a Hollywood acting career but was unsuccessful and she abandoned her efforts at the age of 21.[7] She held jobs as a tour guide at Universal Studios, within customer service for the Los Angeles Times and was the first female tour guide at Marine World Africa USA in Redwood City, piloting boats with 25 tourists aboard.[8] In 1980, she became a United States citizen and worked for John Anderson's independent run for President of the United States, and enrolled at the University of California, Berkeley. She graduated from UC-Berkeley in 1984 Phi Beta Kappa with two B.A. degrees, one in political science, the other in French. Granholm then earned a Juris Doctor degree at Harvard Law School, also with honors.
She clerked for U.S. Judge Damon Keith on the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. In 1990 she became an Assistant U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of Michigan. In 1994, she was appointed Wayne County Corporation Counsel.
Granholm, like California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, was once a contestant on the daytime television game show The Dating Game.[9]
Michigan Attorney General[link]
Granholm was elected Michigan Attorney General in 1998, defeating the Republican nominee, John Smietanka, 52 percent to 48 percent. The first woman to hold that position[citation needed], she served for four years (1999–2003)[citation needed], focusing on protecting citizens and consumers and establishing Michigan's first High Tech Crime Unit[citation needed]. After the September 11, 2001, attacks, Granholm directed state agencies to work with lawmakers in keeping the fight against terrorism within the powers of the state[citation needed]. She also imposed a regulation on gasoline dealers[citation needed] to keep them from raising prices dramatically, something which occurred sporadically across Michigan immediately following the attacks.
2002 campaign for Governor[link]
Main article: Michigan gubernatorial election, 2002
In the 2002 election, she defeated former Governor James Blanchard and House Democratic Whip David Bonior in the Democratic primary, and then went on to win the gubernatorial election against the Republican nominee, Lieutenant Governor Dick Posthumus, to become governor.
Governor[link]
Granholm was sworn in as the 47th Governor of the state of Michigan on January 1, 2003.
First Term: 2003-2007[link]
The main issue facing the governor was the massive budget deficit. Granholm had to eliminate upwards of $200 per person from state budget expenditures, successfully resolving over $14 billion[10] in budget deficits. She emphasized the need for the state to attract young people and businesses to Michigan via the Cool Cities Initiative.[11][12] As Governor, she was a member of the National Governors Association. She was chair of the Health and Human Services Committee and was co-chair of the Health Care Task Force of the National Governors Association. She is also a former Chair of the Midwestern Governors Association. She lived in the official Michigan Governor's Residence located near the Capitol Building.
In 2003, Granholm ran five miles across the Mackinac Bridge, which connects the state's two peninsulas, in 47 minutes during the Mackinac Bridge Walk. Her run began a new tradition, and 2004 saw the first annual Governor’s Labor Day Bridge Run[13] held hours before the Annual Bridge Walk. This time she finished the run in under 45 minutes.
During Granholm’s first year in office, she made a significant number of budget cuts to deal with a $1.7 billion deficit (about 2% of the annual state budget). She was upset by proposals to cut state funding to social welfare programs, such as homeless shelters and mental health agencies. During an interview, she reflected on her view of the proper perspective of budget cuts:
- "Often those who cloak themselves in a cape of religiosity happen to be some who are the biggest cutters. Now, some of that can balance out. But when you get to cutting the services for the least of these – in the 25th chapter of Matthew in the 37th verse the Lord says, 'Whatsoever you do to the least of these, so also you do unto me' – that's when I question whether somebody is really living out the faith that they profess." The interviewer noted that Granholm would be criticized, but she hoped that everyone would “keep those values in mind . . .through the budget process.” Betsy DeVos, the chairman of the Michigan Republican Party (1996–2000, 2003–05), was upset that Granhom had decided “to cloak her views on balancing the budget in religious terms in order to demonize her political opponents.” Granholm responded that she did not think her response was controversial, and she said that many people of faith are serving in state government.[14]
Granholm has been a proponent of education reform since the first year of her term. In her first State of the State Address in 2003, Granholm announced Project Great Start to focus on reforming education for children from birth to age 5. Project Great Start has coordinated public and private efforts to encourage educating new parents and encouraging parents to read to their children.[15]
Granholm emphasized post-secondary education for Michiganders following the decline in Michigan manufacturing jobs, many of which did not require a college degree. In 2004, she asked Lt. Governor John D. Cherry to lead a Commission on Higher Education and Economic Growth to double the number of college graduates in Michigan. Many of the Commission's recommendations were enacted into law during Granholm's tenure as governor, like increasing high school graduation standards (The Michigan Merit Curriculum) so that every Michigan high school student takes a college preparatory curriculum, which includes four years of math and English/language arts and three years of science and social studies, beginning with students who entered high school in the fall of 2006.[16]
At an awards ceremony on October 28, 2004, Granholm was inducted into the "Michigan Women's Hall of Fame". She has also been the recipient of the Michigan Jaycees 1999 "Outstanding Young Michiganders" and the YWCA "Woman of the Year" awards.
In February 2005, Michigan's Republican-dominated Legislature refused to vote on Granholm's proposed state budget, citing concerns over cuts to state funding for higher education.[17] In the previous years of Granholm's term, many cuts to higher education had been demanded and voted in the Legislature in order to balance the state budget. The year before, Republican leaders had called Granholm a "do-nothing Governor", claiming that she failed to lead, while Democrats accused legislative Republicans of being obstructionist. In January 2005, Granholm presented an early budget proposal, demanded immediate response from the Legislature, and held a press conference outlining the highlights of the proposed budget. After refusing to consider, debate, or vote on the proposed budget, Republicans stated they would prefer that the Legislature have more involvement in the formation of the state budget.[18]
Michigan's economy has been losing jobs since 2000, largely based on the decline in the American manufacturing sector. Granholm supported diversification Michigan's economy away from its historical reliance on automotive manufacturing. She pushed through a $2 billion 21st Century Jobs Fund to attract jobs to Michigan in the life sciences, alternative energy, advanced manufacturing, and homeland security sectors.[19] Granholm also supported alternative energy jobs to Michigan to replace lost auto manufacturing jobs.
2006 campaign[link]
Main article: Michigan gubernatorial election, 2006
Granholm ran for a second term in the 2006 election. Her opponents were Republican businessman and politician Dick DeVos, Libertarian Gregory Creswell, Green Douglas Campbell, and the Constitution (US Taxpayers) Party candidate Bhagwan Dashairya.[20]
The state's unemployment rate hovered around seven percent for much of her term. Additionally, Michigan ranked #49 in retaining young adults between 2000 and 2005, again attributed to the sluggish economy.[21][22]
Both the Granholm campaign and the Michigan Democratic Party put out television commercials produced by Joe Slade White which focused on her efforts to revive Michigan's economy and accused Dick DeVos of cutting Michigan jobs while he was head of what was then called Amway. Granholm won re-election, defeating DeVos. The margin (rounded to the nearest percent) was 56 percent (Granholm), 42 percent (DeVos), one percent (Gregory Creswell), one percent (Douglas Campbell) and one percent (Bhagwan Dashairya).[20] Granholm polled 4.9 percent higher than she did in her first gubernatorial election in 2002.
Second term: 2007-2011[link]
 |
This section relies on references to primary sources or sources affiliated with the subject, rather than references from independent authors and third-party publications. Please add citations from reliable sources. (January 2012) |
The 2006 elections saw a return to power by the Democrats in the Michigan State House of Representatives but the retention of Republican control over the Michigan Senate. The partisan division of power in Michigan's state government led to a showdown between Granholm and Republican lawmakers over the FY2008 state budget that resulted in a four-hour shutdown of non-essential state services in the early morning of October 1, 2007 until a budget was passed and signed.[23] The budget cut services, increased the state income tax and created a new set of service taxes on a variety of business activities, from ski lift tickets to interior design and landscaping, to address a state budget shortfall. As a result of the controversial budget, some taxpayer and business advocates called for a recall campaign against Granholm and lawmakers who voted for the tax increases.[24]
The budget crisis eventually led Standard & Poors to downgrade Michigan's credit rating from AA to AA-. Additionally, the crisis contributed to sinking approval ratings for Granholm, which stood at 43 percent in August 2007,[25] to a low of 32 percent in December 2007. She had one of the lowest approval ratings for any Governor in the United States.[26] The divided Michigan legislature received an even lower approval rating of 18 percent in the same poll.[27]
In 2007, Granholm proposed and signed into law the No Worker Left Behind program to provide two years of free training or community college for unemployed and displaced workers.[28] Since its launch in August 2007, over 61,434 people have received training through No Worker Left Behind. The program caps tuition assistance at $5000 per year for two years, or $10,000 per person, and covers retraining in high-demand occupations and emerging industries.[29]Results of this program were mixed. More than two years after the program was launched, only 16,164 people had completed the program and found new jobs. Over twice as many people had enrolled in the program had either dropped out or were still unemployed after completing the program. In fact, 47% of those who did complete the program failed to find a new job.[30]
Granholm delivered her sixth State of the State address on January 29, 2008. The speech was focused mainly on creating jobs in Michigan's economy through bringing alternative energy companies to Michigan.[31] Through passing a Renewable Portfolio Standard, which would require that by 2015, 10 percent of Michigan's energy would come from renewable sources and 25 percent by 2025, Granholm expects the alternative energy industry to emerge in Michigan.[32] Since the passage of the standard, Mariah Power, Global Wind Systems, Cascade Swift Turbine, Great Lakes Turbine and 38 other companies have all announced new projects in Michigan.[33] Solar and Wind power now provide over 10,000 jobs in Michigan. As a result of Granholm's efforts, Michigan is now fourth in the nation for number of jobs in the solar industry and first in the nation for clean energy patents.[34]
Granholm also called in the speech for an incentive package to offer tax breaks to filmmakers who shoot in Michigan and use local crews in production. A package of bills offering film industry incentives was approved by both houses of the Michigan Legislature and signed into law by Granholm on April 7, 2008.[35]
Partly because of pressure from Granholm, Michigan's Democratic presidential primary was moved up to January 15, leading the Democratic National Committee to strip the Michigan Democratic Party of its delegates (Michigan historically held its caucuses on February 9). Granholm has been named by some as a possible candidate for United States Attorney General. She is currently the Policy Chair of the Democratic Governors Association.
On April 29, 2008, Granholm had emergency surgery to fix a bowel obstruction that stemmed from a 1993 accident. Because of the surgery, Granholm had to postpone a trip to Israel and Kuwait.[36] She finally made the journey in November 2008 and signed a water technology partnership agreement with the Israeli government. In addition, she delivered the keynote address at an automotive event organized by the Michigan Israel Business Bridge and the Israel Export Institute.[37]
In response to a May 14, 2008, resolution by the Detroit City Council to request that Granholm remove Detroit Mayor Kwame Kilpatrick from office in response to eight (later ten) felony counts against him,[38] Granholm began an inquiry,[39] which culminated in a removal hearing on September 3, 2008.[40] On September 3, Granholm outlined the legal basis for the hearings, arguments were made and three witnesses were called.[41] In the morning of September 4, Kilpatrick agreed to two plea deals, pleading guilty to two counts of perjury and no contest to one count of assaulting and obstructing a police officer in two separate cases. Both of the deals required his resignation. When the hearing reconvened later that day, Granholm stated that the hearing would be adjourned until September 22 as a result of the plea deals; if Kilpatrick's resignation becomes effective before that date, the hearing would then be cancelled.[42]
In September 2008, Gov. Granholm undertook the role of Republican vice presidential nominee Sarah Palin in a series of practice debates with Democratic vice presidential nominee Joseph Biden.[43]
With the election of Barack Obama as President, Granholm joined his economic advisory team and there was speculation that she might join the Obama administration.[44]
On May 13, 2009, the Associated Press reported that President Obama was considering Granholm, among others, for possible appointment to the United States Supreme Court. Eventually Obama chose Sonia Sotomayor.[45]
In 2010, Granholm was unable to seek re-election due to Michigan's term limits.[46] Governor Granholm's tenure ended on January 1, 2011, when Republican Rick Snyder was sworn in.
Post-gubernatorial career[link]
Governor Granholm is a Distinguished Practitioner of Law and Public Policy at the University of California, Berkeley. In autumn 2011, she is teaching a graduate class entitled "Governing in Tough Times." As a Senior Advisor to The Pew Charitable Trusts’ Clean Energy Program, Granholm leads a national campaign for a national clean energy policy that promotes and funds research and manufacturing for wind, solar and advanced battery industries in the U.S.. She’s a regular contributor to NBC’s political talk show, “Meet the Press,” authored a book, A Governor's Story: The Fight For Jobs and America's Economic Future (Release Date: Sept. 20, 2011), with her husband on the lessons Michigan’s experience can offer to America, and serves on the board of directors for The Dow Chemical Company.[47]. On October 12, 2011, Current TV announced that Granholm would be joining its new political prime-time lineup as host of the new program The War Room with Jennifer Granholm.
Personal life[link]
In 1986 she married Daniel Mulhern, a Michigan native, and took his surname as her middle name. They have three children: Kathryn, Cecelia, and Jack.
As governor of Michigan, Granholm was afforded the courtesy title of Her Excellency while in office. Upon leaving office, she retains the title of Honorable (abbreviated to Hon. or Hon'ble) and Governor for Life.
On October 21, 2010, Granholm was made a Commander of the Royal Order of the Polar Star, First Class, by the King of Sweden "for her work in fostering relations between Michigan and Sweden to promote a clean energy economy.".[48][49]
Electoral history[link]
| Michigan Gubernatorial Election 2006 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
| Democratic | Jennifer Granholm (Incumbent) | 2,142,513 | 56.3 | +4.9 | |
| Republican | Dick DeVos | 1,608,086 | 42.3 | -5.1 | |
| Libertarian | Greg Creswell | 23,524 | 0.6 | n/a | |
| Green | Douglas Campbell | 20,009 | 0.5 | -0.3 | |
| Constitution | Bhagwan Dashairya | 7,087 | 0.2 | -0.3 | |
| none | Write-in candidates | 37 | 0.0 | n/a | |
| Majority | 534,427 | 14.0 | +10 | ||
| Turnout | 3,801,256 | 100 | +19.6 | ||
| Democratic hold | Swing | ||||
| Michigan Gubernatorial Election 2002 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
| Democratic | Jennifer Granholm | 1,633,796 | 51.4 | n/a | |
| Republican | Dick Posthumus | 1,506,104 | 47.4 | n/a | |
| Green | Douglas Campbell | 25,236 | 0.8 | n/a | |
| Constitution | Joseph Pilchak | 12,411 | 0.4 | n/a | |
| none | Write-in candidates | 18 | 0.0 | n/a | |
| Majority | 127,692 | 4.0 | |||
| Turnout | 3,177,565 | 100 | |||
| Democratic gain from Republican | Swing | ||||
| Michigan Gubernatorial Election 2002 - Democratic Primary | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
| Democratic | Jennifer Granholm | 499,129 | 47.69 | ||
| Democratic | David Bonior | 292,958 | 27.99 | ||
| Democratic | Jim Blanchard | 254,586 | 24.32 | ||
| Michigan Attorney General Election 1998 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
| Democratic | Jennifer Granholm | 1,557,310 | 52.09 | ||
| Republican | John Smietanka | 1,432,604 | 47.92 | ||
Notes[link]
- ^ Barnes, Robert (2009-05-01). "Souter Reportedly Planning to Retire From High Court". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/04/30/AR2009043004361.html. Retrieved May 6, 2010.
- ^ Despite presidential losses, women in politics score gains
- ^ A Governor's Story: Jennifer Granholm's Book Hits Store Shelves
- ^ Reitwiesner, William Addams. "The Ancestors of Jennifer Granholm". WARGS (Personal website of William Addams Reitwiesner).
- ^ Sandberg, Hans "Jennifer Granholm: A Governor Traces Her Swedish Roots". Currents, Swedish-American Chambers of Commerce, Fall 2007.
- ^ Karlsson, Pär (November 10, 2008). "Svenskättling kan bli Obamas minister" (in Swedish). Aftonbladet. http://www.aftonbladet.se/nyheter/article3731955.ab. Retrieved May 7, 2009.
- ^ a b c Detroit Free Press, 11/6/02, "Shes' the Boss - Granholm wins a place in history as Michigan Elects the state's first female governor".
- ^ a b c "Gov. Jennifer Granholm (D)". National Journal Group Inc.. http://www.nationaljournal.com/almanac/2008/people/mi/migv.php. Retrieved 2008-09-05.
- ^ Clift, Eleano. "Jennifer Granholm: Brainy, Blond and Ready to Rumble". Newsweek (January 6, 2007 - From the magazine issue dated Dec 30, 2002). Newsweek website. (Accessed February 9, 2010)
- ^ Fritz, Leslee. "Securing Michigan's Future: Gov. Granholm's Accomplishments". Executive Office of Gov. Jennifer M. Granholm. http://www.granholmportrait.com/assets/pdf/granholm-cherry-accomplishments.pdf. Retrieved 4/6/11.
- ^ Granholm, Jennifer. "Governor's Letter". http://www.coolcities.com/useruploads/files/letter-from-governor.pdf. Retrieved 2011-01-26.
- ^ "Michigan's Cool Cities Initiative: A Reinvestment Strategy". http://www.coolcities.com/useruploads/files/WhitePaper.pdf. Retrieved 11-01-26.
- ^ Governor’s Labor Day Bridge Run
- ^ "On cut, Granholm cites Bible, draws wrath". Detroit Free Press. January 3, 2004.
- ^ "Great Start: State project will change youngest lives for better". Detroit Free Press. October 13, 2003. http://google.com/search?q=cache:Xa1ayobSL2IJ:www.michigan.gov/documents/10-13-03_DFP_Article_81419_7.pdf+project+great+start+free+press&cd=4&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us&client=safari.
- ^ Granholm, GJM (2004). Final Report on Lt. Governor's Commission on Higher Education and Economic Growth. http://www.cherrycommission.org/docs/finalReport/CherryReportFULL.pdf. Retrieved 4/1/11.
- ^ Panels pass over Granholm plan to cut budget By Tim Martin (Source: Lansing State Journal, Feb. 16, 2005)
- ^ Granholm-GOP impasse stalls her agenda By Chris Andrews Source: Lansing State Journal, Apr. 17, 2005.
- ^ http://www.michiganadvantage.org/Targeted-Initiatives/21st-Century-Jobs-Fund/Default.aspx
- ^ a b 2006 Official Michigan General Election Results - Governor 4 Year Term (1) Position
- ^ Aguilar, Louis (December 4, 2005). "Economic funk won't end in 2006". The Detroit News. http://www.detnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20051204/BIZ/512040341. Retrieved 2006-10-18.
- ^ "Brain Drain". The Detroit News. August 4, 2006. http://www.detroitnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060804/METRO/608040335. Retrieved 2006-10-18.
- ^ SOM - Governor Granholm Says Comprehensive Budget Solution Resolves State's Fiscal Crisis
- ^ Bell, Dawson (October 4, 2007). "Recall voices unite against Granholm". Detroit Free Press. http://www.freep.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20071004/NEWS06/710040353/1008/NEWS06&theme=BUDGETCRISIS092007.
- ^ wzzm13.com | Grand Rapids, MI | Survey USA shows slide in Gov. Granholm's approval rating
- ^ http://www.surveyusa.com/50governorsrated051005.htm
- ^ Granholm, Legislature too divided, voters say
- ^ "Granholm proposes 'No Worker Left Behind'". Detroit News. February 6, 2007. http://www.detnews.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070206/POLITICS/702060332/1003/rss36.
- ^ No Worker Left Behind fact sheet
- ^ Job retraining efforts sputter in Michigan
- ^ Press, Associated (January 30, 2008). "Alternative energy key in Granholm's State of the State address". M-Live Granholm also addressed the fact that one individual, Chris Schons, a Regional Director for Dr. Pepper-Sanpple Group in Detroit, was doing an outstanding job of driving positive results in a slow economic climate. She noted that Schons, and the work of his management team were not only driving upward sales, but keeping labor costs low to improve the company's profit.. http://www.mlive.com/news/index.ssf/2008/01/alternative_energy_key_in_gran.html.
- ^ Andrews, Chris (February 5, 2008). "Powering up: Granholm out to generate support for alternative-energy industry". Lansing State Journal. http://www.wzzm13.com/news/specials/stateofmichigan_article.aspx?storyid=87226.
- ^ 2009 State of the State Address
- ^ "Michigan's Solar and Wind Energy Supply". Environmental Law and Policy Center. March 2011. http://elpc.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/ELPCMichiganSolarandWindReport2011.pdf. Retrieved 4/2/11.
- ^ Verrier, Richard (April 7, 2008). "Michigan to court Hollywood with hefty incentives". Los Angeles Times. http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-michigan7apr07,1,2795103.story.
- ^ "Granholm has emergency surgery; overseas trip is postponed". clickondetroit.com. WDIV. 2008-04-30. http://www.toledoblade.com/Michigan/2008/04/30/Granholm-has-emergency-surgery-overseas-trip-is-postponed.html. Retrieved 2011-09-22.
- ^ "Granholm signs water technologies agreement". Crain's Detroit Business. AP (Lansing). 17 November 2008. http://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20081117/FREE/811170240/-1. Retrieved 26 February 2012.
- ^ Nick Bunkley. Detroit Council Seeks Mayor’s Ouster. Accessed May 14, 2008.
- ^ Gorchow, Zachary; Ben Schmitt (2008-05-22). "Granholm starts Kilpatrick ouster inquiry". freep.com. Detroit Free Press. http://www.freep.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080522/news01/805220390. Retrieved 2008-05-27.
- ^ "Attorneys Hash Out Detroit Mayor Removal Hearing Rules". clickondetroit.com. WDIV. http://www.clickondetroit.com/news/17322332/detail.html. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
- ^ "Gov.'s Hearings To Remove Mayor Resume Thursday". clickondetroit.com. WDIV. 2008-09-03. http://www.clickondetroit.com/news/17358721/detail.html. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
- ^ "Granholm: If Mayor Resigns Hearings To Be Cancelled". clickondetroit.com. WDIV. 2008-09-04. http://www.clickondetroit.com/news/17390456/detail.html. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
- ^ Healy, Patrick (2008-09-04). "Granholm: Pact on Debates Will Let McCain and Obama Spar". nytimes.com (WDIV). http://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/21/us/politics/21debate.html?_r=1&hp=&pagewanted=print&oref=slogin. Retrieved 2008-09-04.
- ^ Is Obama Cabinet in Granholm's Future?
- ^ "AP source: Obama has more than 6 people for court". http://www.deseretnews.com/article/705303266/Obama-has-more-than-6-people-for-court.html. Retrieved 2011-01-26.
- ^ "Jennifer M. Granholm". New York Times. http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/g/jennifer_m_granholm/index.html. Retrieved 3/30/11.
- ^ "Jennifergranholm.com". http://jennifergranholm.com/about/.
- ^ "Guvernör Jennifer Granholm förlänades Nordstjärneorden av kungen [The Order of the Polar Star was conferred on Governor Jennifer Granholm by the King]" (in Swedish). Sveriges kungahus. Stockholm: The Royal Court of Sweden. October 2010. http://www.kungahuset.se/kungafamiljen/aktuellahandelser/aretsaktuellahandelser/guvernorjennifergranholmforlanadesnordstjarneordenavkungen.5.40e05eec12926f26304800012686.html. Retrieved 17th of November 2010.
- ^ "GRANHOLM - King Carl XVI Gustaf to Recognize Granholm in Stockholm Thursday for Fostering Relations between Michigan, Sweden". Lansing: Office of the Governor of the State of Michigan. October 2010. http://www.michigan.gov/gov/0,1607,7-168-23442_21974-245611--,00.html. Retrieved 17th of November 2010.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Jennifer Granholm |
- Granholm Leadership Fund official leadership fund site
- Biography at the National Governors Association
- Biography, interest group ratings, public statements, vetoes and campaign finances at Project Vote Smart
- Biography at WhoRunsGov.com at The Washington Post
- Issue positions and quotes at On the Issues
- Campaign contributions at FollowTheMoney.org
- Appearances on C-SPAN programs
- Collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Michigan Department of State 2002 official election results
- Michigan Department of State 2006 official election results
- Goldstein, Amy (May 20, 2009). "Governor Granholm's Rise to Politics". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/05/20/AR2009052002570.html. Retrieved 2011-09-20. "At San Carlos High School south of San Francisco, she was chosen as a mediator during a period of racial tension. She also was selected "foxiest" in her graduating class and won the Miss San Carlos pageant."
| Legal offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Frank Kelley |
Attorney General of Michigan 1999–2003 |
Succeeded by Mike Cox |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by John Engler |
Governor of Michigan 2003–2011 |
Succeeded by Rick Snyder |
|
||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Granholm, Jennifer |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Governor of Michigan |
| Date of birth | February 5, 1959 |
| Place of birth | Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
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