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Friday, 04 January 2013

QI - Season 8 - Episode 11 - Highs And Lows - XL

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China
China (ⁱ/ˈtʃaɪnə/; Chinese: 中国; pinyin: Zhōngguó; see also Names of China), officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is the world's most-populous country, with a population of over 1.3 billion. Covering approximately 9.6 million square kilometres, the East Asian state is the world's second-largest country by land area, and the third- or fourth-largest in total area, depending on the definition of total area.
The People's Republic of China is a single-party state governed by the Communist Party of China. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four directly controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau). Its capital city is Beijing. The PRC also claims Taiwan—which is controlled by the Republic of China (ROC), a separate political entity—as its 23rd province, a claim controversial due to the complex political status of Taiwan and the unresolved Chinese Civil War. The PRC government denies the legitimacy of the ROC.

wn.com/China
United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km²) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.

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Confucius
Confucius (551–479 BC) was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn Period of Chinese history.
The philosophy of Confucius emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice, and sincerity. His followers competed successfully with many other schools during the Hundred Schools of Thought era only to be suppressed in favor of the Legalists during the Qin Dynasty. Following the victory of Han over Chu after the collapse of Qin, Confucius's thoughts received official sanction and were further developed into a system known as Confucianism.
Confucius is traditionally credited with having authored or edited many of the Chinese classic texts including all of the Five Classics, but modern scholars are cautious of attributing specific assertions to Confucius himself. Aphorisms concerning his teachings were compiled in the Analects, but only many years after his death.
Confucius's principles had a basis in common Chinese tradition and belief. He championed strong family loyalty, ancestor worship, respect of elders by their children (and in traditional interpretations of husbands by their wives), and family as a basis for ideal government. He espoused the well-known principle "Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself", an early version of the Golden Rule.

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Dong Zhongshu
Dong Zhongshu (Chinese: 董仲舒; pinyin: Dǒng Zhòngshū; Wade–Giles: Tung Chung-shu, 179–104 BC) was a Han Dynasty Chinese scholar. He is traditionally associated with the promotion of Confucianism as the official ideology of the Chinese imperial state.
Dong was born in modern Hengshui, Hebei in 179 BCE. He entered the imperial service during the reign of Emperor Jing of Han and rose to high office under Emperor Wu of Han. His relationship with the emperor was uneasy though. At one point he was thrown into prison and nearly executed for writings that were considered seditious, and he may have cosmologically predicted the overthrow of the Han Dynasty and its replacement by a Confucian sage, the first appearance of a theme that would later sweep Wang Mang to the imperial throne.
Dong Zhongshu's thought integrated Yin Yang cosmology into a Confucian ethical framework. He emphasised the importance of the Spring and Autumn Annals as a source for both political and metaphysical ideas, following the tradition of the Gongyang Commentary in seeking hidden meanings from its text. He is also considered the originator of the doctrine of Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind, which lays down rules for deciding the legitimacy of a monarch as well as providing a set of checks and balances for a reigning monarch.

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Ge Hong
Ge Hong (Chinese: 葛洪; pinyin: Gě Hóng; Wade–Giles: Ko Hung, 283–343), courtesy name Zhichuan (稚川), was a minor southern official during the Jìn Dynasty (263-420) of China, best known for his interest in Daoism, alchemy, and techniques of longevity. Yet religious and esoteric writing represents only a portion of Ge's considerable literary output, which as a whole, spans a broad range of content and genres.
Although a prolific writer of many literary styles, most of Ge's early work, such as rhapsodies (fu), verse (shi), historical commentary, and biographies, are now lost. His surviving works consist of one volume of hagiographies, entitled Shenxian zhuan (Traditions of Divine Transcendents); and two volumes of essays and alchemical writing totaling seventy chapters, collectively entitled Baopuzi (抱朴子) or "The Master Who Embraces Simplicity", Ge’s sobriquet. In the Neipian (Inner Chapters) volume of the Baopuzi, Ge vigorously defends the attainability of divine transcendence or "immortality" through alchemy; the Waipian (Outer Chapters) volume is almost entirely given to social and literary criticism.

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Guan Yu
Guan Yu (died 219) was a general serving under the warlord Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han Dynasty of China. He played a significant role in the civil war that led to the collapse of the Han Dynasty and the establishment of the state of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms period, of which Liu Bei was the first emperor.
As one of the best known Chinese historical figures throughout East Asia, Guan's true life stories have largely given way to fictionalized ones, mostly found in the historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms or passed down the generations, in which his deeds and moral qualities have been lionized. Guan is respected as an epitome of loyalty and righteousness.
Guan was deified as early as the Sui Dynasty and is still worshipped by many Chinese people today, especially in southern China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong and their descendants overseas. He is a figure in Chinese folk religion, popular Confucianism, Taoism, and Chinese Buddhism, and small shrines to Guan are almost ubiquitous in traditional Chinese shops and restaurants.

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Hua Tuo
Hua Tuo (c. 140–208) was an ancient Chinese physician who lived during the late Han Dynasty and Three Kingdoms era of Chinese history. The Records of Three Kingdoms and Book of Later Han record Hua as the first person in China to use anesthesia during surgery. He used a general anesthetic combining wine with a herbal concoction called mafeisan (麻沸散 lit. "cannabis boil powder"). Besides being respected for expertise in surgery and anesthesia, Hua Tuo was famous for his abilities in acupuncture, moxibustion, herbal medicine, and medical Daoyin exercises. He developed the Wuqinxi (五禽戲 "Exercise of the Five Animals") from studying movements of the tiger, deer, bear, ape, and crane.
The oldest extant biographies of Hua Tuo (tr. DeWoskin 1983:140-153 and Mair 1994:688-696) are found in the official Chinese histories for the Eastern Han (25-220) and Three Kingdoms (189-280) eras. The 3rd-century Sanguozhi (三國志 "Records of Three Kingdoms") and 5th-century Hou Hanshu (後漢書 "Book of the Later Han") record that Hua was from the district of Qiao (譙) in the state of Pei (沛, i.e., modern Bozhou district in Anhui Province), and studied Chinese classics throughout the Xuzhou region (modern Jiangsu and Shandong). Hua refused employment offers from high-ranking officials (e.g., Chen Gui 陳圭) and chose to practice medicine.

wn.com/Hua_Tuo
Laozi
Laozi (Chinese: 老子; pinyin: Lǎozi; Wade–Giles: Lao Tzu; also romanized as Lao Tse, Lao Tu, Lao-Tsu, Laotze, Laosi, Laocius, and other variations) was a philosopher of ancient China, best known as the author of the Tao Te Ching (often simply referred to as Laozi). His association with the Tao Te Ching has led him to be traditionally considered the founder of philosophical Taoism (pronounced as "Daoism"). He is also revered as a deity in most religious forms of Taoist philosophy, which often refers to Laozi as Taishang Laojun, or "One of the Three Pure Ones".
According to Chinese traditions, Laozi lived in the 6th century BCE. Historians variously contend that Laozi is a synthesis of multiple historical figures, that he is a mythical figure, or that he actually lived in the 5th–4th century BCE, concurrent with the Hundred Schools of Thought and Warring States Period.
A central figure in Chinese culture, both nobility and common people claim Laozi in their lineage. He was honored as an ancestor of the Tang imperial family, and was granted the title Taishang xuanyuan huangdi, meaning "Supreme Mysterious and Primordial Emperor". Throughout history, Laozi's work has been embraced by various anti-authoritarian movements.

wn.com/Laozi
Li Shizhen
Li Shizhen (simplified Chinese: 李时珍; traditional Chinese: 李時珍; pinyin: Lǐ Shízhēn; Wade–Giles: Li Shih-Chen, July 3, 1518 – 1593), courtesy name Dongbi (东璧), was one of the greatest Chinese herbalists and acupuncturists in Chinese history. His major contribution to medicine was his 27-year work, which is found in his epic book the Bencao Gangmu (本草纲目 "Compendium of Materia Medica"). He is also considered to be the greatest naturalist of China, and was very interested in the proper classification of herb components.
The book has details about more than 1,800 drugs (Chinese Medicine), including 1,100 illustrations and 11,000 prescriptions. It also described the type, form, flavor, nature and application in disease treatments of 1,094 herbs. His Materia Medica has been translated into many different languages, and remains as the premier reference work for herbal medicine. His treatise included various related subjects such as botany, zoology, mineralogy, and metallurgy. The book was reprinted frequently and five of the original editions still exist.

wn.com/Li_Shizhen
List of Taoists
wn.com/List_of_Taoists
Liu An
Líu Ān (Chinese: 劉安, 179 BC – 122 BC) was a Chinese prince and advisor to his nephew, Emperor Wu of Han (武帝) of the Han Dynasty in China and the legendary inventor of t'ai chi. With his book, the Huainanzi, he was responsible for further advancement in the studies of cartography and geography in ancient China.
Noted for his literary ability, Liu An was reputed to be able to compose an elaborate prose between waking and finishing breakfast. He was a grandson of the founding Han Dynasty (漢朝) emperor Liu Bang (劉邦), and he became the King of Huainan (literally "south of the Huai River"), at the age of 16 after his father, Liu Chang (劉長), died. In a fate similar to his fathers, he committed suicide after a failed coup attempt.
In addition to composing literary pieces himself, Liu An also frequently invited other scholars as guests to his estate. Eight scholars in particular became known as the Eight Immortals of Huainan (淮南八仙). Together, these scholars and Liu An published a treatise in 139 BCE. known as the Huainanzi (淮南子), translated as "Book of the Master of Huainan", or the "Huainan Philosophers". This book is considered one of the cornerstones of Daoist philosophy, along with the works of Laozi and Zhuangzi. Along with the earlier Shu Jing (Classic of History) of the 5th century BC (Warring States era), this book provided further concrete information on geography, including descriptions of the topography of China. His book was also concerned with mathematics and music, making use of the "Pythagorean comma" and listing the first known Chinese 12 musical tone tuning.

wn.com/Liu_An
Mencius
Mencius (Chinese: 孟子; pinyin: Mèng Zǐ; Wade–Giles: Meng Tzu; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄇㄥˋ ㄗˇ, most accepted dates: 372 – 289 BCE; other possible dates: 385 – 303/302 BCE) was a Chinese philosopher who was arguably the most famous Confucian after Confucius himself.
Mencius, also known by his birth name Meng Ke or Ko, was born in the State of Zou, now forming the territory of the county-level city of Zoucheng (originally Zouxian), Shandong province, only thirty kilometres (eighteen miles) south of Qufu, Confucius' birthplace.
He was an itinerant Chinese philosopher and sage, and one of the principal interpreters of Confucianism. Supposedly, he was a pupil of Confucius' grandson, Zisi. Like Confucius, according to legend, he travelled China for forty years to offer advice to rulers for reform. During the Warring States Period (403–221 BCE), Mencius served as an official and scholar at the Jixia Academy in the State of Qi (1046 BCE to 221 BCE) from 319 to 312 BCE. He expressed his filial devotion when he took an absence of three years from his official duties for Qi to mourn his mother's death. Disappointed at his failure to effect changes in his contemporary world, he retired from public life.

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Robert van Gulik
Robert Hans van Gulik (Chinese: 髙羅佩; pinyin: Gāo Luópèi, August 9, 1910, Zutphen – September 24, 1967, The Hague) was a highly educated orientalist, diplomat, musician (of the guqin), and writer, best known for the Judge Dee mysteries, the protagonist of which he borrowed from the 18th-century Chinese detective novel Dee Goong An.
Robert van Gulik was the son of a medical officer in the Dutch army of what was then called the Dutch East Indies (modern-day Indonesia). He was born in the Netherlands, but from the age of three till twelve he lived in Batavia (now Jakarta), where he was tutored in Mandarin and other languages. He went to the University of Leyden in 1934 and obtained his Ph.D in 1935. His talents as a linguist suited him for a job in the Dutch Foreign Service, which he joined in 1935; and he was then stationed in various countries, mostly in East Asia (Japan and China).
He was in Tokyo when Japan declared war on the Netherlands in 1941, but he, along with the rest of the Allied diplomatic staff, was evacuated in 1942. He spent most of the rest of World War II as the secretary for the Dutch mission to Chiang Kai-shek's Nationalist government in Chongqing. While in Chongqing, he married a Chinese woman (Shui Shifang), the daughter of an Imperial mandarin (under the Manchu Dynasty). Together they had four children.

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Yellow Emperor
The Yellow Emperor or Huangdi¹ is a legendary Chinese sovereign and culture hero, included among the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors. Tradition holds that he reigned from 2697–2597 or 2696–2598 BC. His cult became prominent in the late Warring States and early Han period, when he was portrayed as the originator of the centralized state, a patron of esoteric arts, a cosmic ruler, and a lord of the underworld. Traditionally credited with numerous inventions and innovations, he is regarded as the initiator of Chinese civilization and said to be the ancestor of all Huaxia Chinese.
The great Chinese historian Sima Qian – and much Chinese historiography following him – considered the Yellow Emperor to be a more historical figure than earlier legendary figures such as Fu Xi, Nüwa, and the Yan emperor. His Records of the Grand Historian begins with the Yellow Emperor, while passing over the others.
Throughout most of Chinese history, the Yellow Emperor and the other ancient sages were considered to be real historical figures. Their historicity started to be questioned in the 1920s by historians like Gu Jiegang, one of the founders of the Doubting Antiquity School in China. In their attempts to prove that the earliest figures of Chinese history were mythological, Gu and his followers argued that these ancient sages were originally gods who were later depicted as humans by the rationalist intellectuals of the Warring States period.Yang Kuan, a member of the same historiographical current, noted that only in the late Warring States had the Yellow Emperor started to be described as the first ruler of China. Yang thus argued that Huangdi was a late transformation of Shangdi, the supreme god of the Shang pantheon.

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Zhang Daoling
Zhang Ling (simplified Chinese: 张陵; traditional Chinese: 張陵; pinyin: Zhāng Líng; Wade–Giles: Chang Ling; 34–156), style name Fuhan (simplified Chinese: 辅汉; traditional Chinese: 輔漢), was an Eastern Han Dynasty Taoist hermit who founded the Way of the Celestial Masters sect of Taoism, which is also known as the Way of the Five Pecks of Rice.
He is also known as Zhang Daoling (simplified Chinese: 张道陵; traditional Chinese: 張道陵; pinyin: Zhāng Dàolíng; Wade–Giles: Chang Tao-ling), Celestial Master Zhang (張天師), Ancestral Celestial Master (祖天師) or Zhengyi Zhenren (正一真人) to Taoists. Zhang is sometimes pictured riding on a tiger. In some Taoist sects, Zhang, along with Ge Xuan, Xu Xun and Sa Shoujian, are called the "Four Celestial Masters" (四大天師).
Zhang traced his ancestral home to Feng County, Jiangsu, and was said to be a descendant of Zhang Liang. He was born in the tenth year of the Jianwu era during the reign of Emperor Guangwu of Han. He started reading the Tao Te Ching at a young age and studied in the Taixue (Imperial Academy) before. He served as a magistrate in Jiangzhou, Ba Commandery (present-day Chongqing) during the reign of Emperor Ming of Han.

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Zhang Jue
Zhang Jue (died 184) was the leader of the Yellow Turban rebels during the late Han Dynasty period of Chinese history. He was said to be a follower of Taoism and a sorcerer. His name is sometimes read as Zhang Jiao, since the Chinese character of Zhang's given name can be read as either "Jiao" or "Jue". "Jue" is the traditional reading, while "Jiao" is the modern one.
Giving himself the title of "Great Teacher", Zhang Jue led the Yellow Turban Rebellion with his younger brothers Zhang Bao and Zhang Liang in a campaign called "The Way of Heaven" or "The Way of Peace". He and his brothers had their own power: Zhang Bao was the General of Land, and his brother General of the People; and Zhang Jue was the General of Heaven. The Yellow Turbans claimed to be Taoists, and rebelled against the Han in response to burdensome taxes, rampant corruption, and famine and flooding, which were seen as indications that the Han ruler had lost the mandate of heaven. They conquered much in the early years of the rebellion, but when the Han sent out a distress call, gaining the talent of people such as Liu Bei, Cao Cao and Sun Jian, the lack of ability that his generals held clearly showed itself. Although the Yellow Turbans still remained somewhat capable even in face of their more powerful foe, they were nonetheless torn apart upon the death of their leader, Zhang Jue, and were ultimately quelled.

wn.com/Zhang_Jue
Zhang Sanfeng
Zhang Sanfeng (simplified Chinese: 张三丰; traditional Chinese: 張三丰; pinyin: Zhāng Sānfēng; Wade–Giles: Chang¹ San¹-feng¹) was a semi-legendary Chinese Taoist priest who is believed by some to have achieved immortality, said variously to date from either the late Song Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty or Ming Dynasty. His name is said to have been Zhang Junbao 張君寶 before he became a Taoist.
Zhang's legend is that of indifference to fame and wealth. After declining official position and dispatching his property to his clan, he traveled around China to live the life of an ascetic. Zhang spent several years at Hua Mountain before settling in Wu Tang Mountain.
A legendary culture hero, Zhang Sanfeng is credited by modern practitioners as having originated the concepts of neijia (內家); soft, internal martial arts, specifically T'ai chi ch'uan, as a result of a Neo-Confucian syncretism of Chán Buddhist Shaolin martial arts with his mastery of Taoist Tao Yin (neigong) principles. It is said that on one occasion Zhang Sanfeng observed a bird attacking a snake on Wudang Mountain and was greatly inspired by the snake's defensive tactics. It remained still and alert in face of the birds onslaught until it made a lunge and fatally bit its attacker. This battle inspired him to create a 72-movement T'ai chi ch'uan“set.” He is also associated in legend with the Taoist monasteries at Wudang Mountains in Hubei province.

wn.com/Zhang_Sanfeng
Zhang Zhongjing
Zhang Zhongjing (张仲景) (150 — 219), formal name Zhang Ji (张机), was a Han Dynasty physician and one of the most eminent Chinese physicians during the later years of the Han Dynasty. He established medication principles and summed up the medicinal experience up until that time, thus making a great contribution to the development of traditional Chinese medicine.
Though extremely well known in modern Chinese medicine and considered one of the finest Chinese physicians in history, very little is known about his life. According to later sources, he was born in Nanyang, held an official position in Changsha and lived from approximately 150 to 219 AD. Exact dates regarding his birth, death and works vary, but an upper limit of 220 AD is generally accepted.
During his time, with warlords fighting for their own territories, many people were infected with fevers. Zhang's family was no exception. He learned medicine by studying from his towns fellow and later teacher Zhang Bozu, assimilating from previous medicinal literature such as Emperor canon of Internal medicine (黄帝内经), and collecting many prescriptions elsewhere, finally writing the medical masterpiece Shanghan Zabing Lun' (Chinese: 傷寒雜病論; pinyin: Shānghán Zábìng Lùn, lit. "Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases"). Shortly after its publication, the book was lost during the wars that ravaged China during the period of the Three Kingdoms. Due to Zhang's contribution to traditional Chinese medicine, he is often regarded as the sage of Chinese medicine.

wn.com/Zhang_Zhongjing
Zhuangzi
Zhuangzi (simplified Chinese: 庄子; traditional Chinese: 莊子; pinyin: Zhuāng Zǐ; Wade–Giles: Chuang Tzŭ) was an influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States Period, a period corresponding to the philosophical summit of Chinese thought — the Hundred Schools of Thought, and is credited with writing—in part or in whole—a work known by his name, the Zhuangzi. His name Zhuangzi (English "Master Zhuang", with Zi being an honorific) is sometimes spelled Zhuang Tze, Zhuang Zhou, Chuang Tsu, Chuang Tzu, Chouang-Dsi, Chuang Tse, or Chuangtze.
The only account of the life of Zhuangzi is a brief sketch in chapter 63 of Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian, where he is described as a minor official from the town of Meng (in modern Anhui) in the state of Song, living in the time of King Hui of Liang and King Xuan of Qi (late 4th century BCE). Sima Qian writes:
The validity of his existence has been questioned by some, including himself (See below) and Russell Kirkland, who writes:

wn.com/Zhuangzi

QI XL G05 - Groovy

Guests: Bill Bailey, Lee Mack, David Tennant and Alan Davies Hosted by Stephen Fry....

published: 16 Feb 2011

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI XL G07 - Girls and Boys

With Sandi Toksvig, Ronni Ancona and Jack Dee....

published: 16 Feb 2011

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Series D, Episode 7

QI Series D, Episode 7 Episode: "Differences" Guests: Alan Davies, Jo Brand, Julian Clary,...

published: 20 Jan 2011

author: gloomyoutlook

QI XL G15 - Green

With Jeremy Clarkson, Bill Bailey and Danny Baker....

published: 09 Oct 2011

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI - Season 8 - Episode 11 - Highs And Lows - XL

QI Master - Stephen Fry Bantermeisters - Alan Davies, Rob Brydon, Fred MacAulav and Sandi ...

published: 01 Jul 2012

author: LuciferDWoops

QI XL G10 - Greats

With David Mitchell, Sean Lock, Jo Brand, Alan Davies and Stephen Fry...

published: 28 Sep 2011

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI - Season 9 - Episode 11 - Infantile - XL

QI Master - Stephen Fry Bantermeisters - Alan Davies, Ronni Ancona, Dave Gorman and Lee Ma...

published: 31 Jul 2012

author: LuciferDWoops

QI B12 - Birth

With Rich Hall, Phill Jupitus and Mark Steel....

published: 11 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI XL J08 - Jumble

With Jo Brand, John Sessions and Dara O Briain....

published: 04 Nov 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI XL J13 - Jobs

With Sarah Millican, David Mitchell and Rev Richard Coles....

published: 17 Dec 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI S10E14 (Christmas Special)

Property of the BBC. QI 2012 Christmas Special....

published: 22 Dec 2012

author: TheBlackHoleBowl

QI - Season 9 - Episode 2 - International - XL

QI Master - Stephen Fry Bantermeisters - Alan Davies, Bill Bailey, Jack Dee ans David Mitc...

published: 18 Jul 2012

author: LuciferDWoops

QI Season H Episode 14 Hocus Pocus

QI Quite Interesting Guests: Lee Mack, Graham Norton, Daniel Radcliffe and Alan Davies as ...

published: 25 Dec 2010

author: Maksim Sayonara

QI Series D, Episode 6

QI Series D, Episode 6 Episode: "Drinks" Guests: Alan Davies, Jimmy Carr, Phill Jupitus, J...

published: 20 Jan 2011

author: gloomyoutlook

quite - riveurs enjienrd

*EPILEPSY WARNING!* soundtrack: Machine Drum (Riveurs Enjienrd By Brothomstates) visual...

published: 11 Jun 2011

author: unc

littleBits (re)intro

www.littleBits.cc littleBits is a growing library of pre-assembled circuit boards that sn...

published: 13 May 2011

author: ayah bdeir

0102 Marble (PreView)

Full length is here: A regular in time warp. A Foley walker. Ein Routinier in Warteschl...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: qi.tv

phoenix - lisztomania *brooklyn brat pack mashup*

A live-action tribute/remix video to this tribute/remix video originally posted by avoidan...

published: 31 May 2009

author: ian parker

QI E01 - Engineering

With Jimmy Carr, Rob Brydon and Bill Bailey....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Quickies E01 - Engineering

With Jimmy Carr, Rob Brydon and Bill Bailey....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI E02 - Electricity

With Jo Brand, Sean Lock and Rich Hall....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Quickies E02 - Electricity

With Jo Brand, Sean Lock and Rich Hall....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI E03 - Eating

With Jimmy Carr, Phill Jupitus and Johnny Vegas....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Quickies E03 - Eating

With Jimmy Carr, Phill Jupitus and Johnny Vegas....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI E04 - Exploration

With Bill Bailey, Rich Hall and Sean Lock ....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Quickies E04 - Exploration

With Bill Bailey, Rich Hall and Sean Lock ....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI E05 - Europe

With Phill Jupitus, Dara O'Briain, David Mitchell....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Quickies E05 - Europe

With Phill Jupitus, Dara O'Briain, David Mitchell....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI E06 - Everything, Etc.

With Clive Anderson, Jeremy Clarkson and Vic Reeves....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Quickies E06 - Everything, Etc.

With Clive Anderson, Jeremy Clarkson and Vic Reeves....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI E07 - Espionage

With Jo Brand, Vic Reeves and., Clive Anderson....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Quickies E07 - Espionage

With Jo Brand, Vic Reeves and., Clive Anderson....

published: 10 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

quite - riveurs enjienrd

*EPILEPSY WARNING!* soundtrack: Machine Drum (Riveurs Enjienrd By Brothomstates) visual...

published: 11 Jun 2011

author: unc

littleBits (re)intro

www.littleBits.cc littleBits is a growing library of pre-assembled circuit boards that sn...

published: 13 May 2011

author: ayah bdeir

0102 Marble (PreView)

Full length is here: A regular in time warp. A Foley walker. Ein Routinier in Warteschl...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: qi.tv

phoenix - lisztomania *brooklyn brat pack mashup*

A live-action tribute/remix video to this tribute/remix video originally posted by avoidan...

published: 31 May 2009

author: ian parker

QI E01 - Engineering

With Jimmy Carr, Rob Brydon and Bill Bailey....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E02 - Electricity

With Jo Brand, Sean Lock and Rich Hall....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E03 - Eating

With Jimmy Carr, Phill Jupitus and Johnny Vegas....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E04 - Exploration

With Bill Bailey, Rich Hall and Sean Lock ....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E05 - Europe

With Phill Jupitus, Dara O'Briain, David Mitchell....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E06 - Everything, Etc.

With Clive Anderson, Jeremy Clarkson and Vic Reeves....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E07 - Espionage

With Jo Brand, Vic Reeves and., Clive Anderson....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E08 - Eyes and Ears

With Phill Jupitus, Jimmy Carr and David Mitchell....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E09 - Entertainment

With Bill Bailey, Pudsey Bear, Jo Brand, Jeremy Clarkson....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E10 - England

With Sean Lock, Phill Jupitus and Charlie Higson....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E11 - Endings

With Jimmy Carr, Doon Mackichan and Dara O Briain....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E12 - Empire

With Bill Bailey, Jo Brand and Sean Lock....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI E13 - Elephants

Compilation....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

QI XL G01 - Gardens

Rob Brydon, David Mitchell, Dara Ó Briain, Alan Davies and hosted by Stephen Fry....

published: 02 Apr 2012

author: EliteSpartan218

quite - riveurs enjienrd

*EPILEPSY WARNING!* soundtrack: Machine Drum (Riveurs Enjienrd By Brothomstates) visual...

published: 11 Jun 2011

author: unc

littleBits (re)intro

www.littleBits.cc littleBits is a growing library of pre-assembled circuit boards that sn...

published: 13 May 2011

author: ayah bdeir

0102 Marble (PreView)

Full length is here: A regular in time warp. A Foley walker. Ein Routinier in Warteschl...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: qi.tv

phoenix - lisztomania *brooklyn brat pack mashup*

A live-action tribute/remix video to this tribute/remix video originally posted by avoidan...

published: 31 May 2009

author: ian parker

QI B01 - Blue

With Jo Brand, Bill Bailey and Sean Lock....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B02 - Birds

With Jo Brand, Phil Kay and Rich Hall....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B03 - Bombs

With Clive Anderson, Phill Jupitus and Rich Hall....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B04 - Bible

With Jeremy Hardy, Barry Cryer and Jeremy Clarkson....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B05 - Bears

With Jimmy Carr, Bill Bailey and Jo Brand....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B06 - Beavers

With Anneka Rice, Sean Lock and Bill Bailey....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B07 - Biscuits

With Arthur Smith, Dara O'Briain and Rich Hall....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B08 - Bees

With Jo Brand, Fred Macaulay and Rich Hall....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B09 - Bats

With Josie Lawrence, John Sessions and Rich Hall....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B10 - Bills

With Clive Anderson, Phil Kay and John Sessions....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B11 - Beats

With Mark Gatiss, Sean Lock and the final QI appearance of Linda Smith....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI B12 - Birth

With Rich Hall, Phill Jupitus and Mark Steel....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Bxx - Buzzers

DVD extra. Annotations text from Wikipedia....

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Bxx - Banter 1

DVD extra, part 1 of 2. John Lloyd and co talk for way too long about topics from the firs...

published: 13 May 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

quite - riveurs enjienrd

*EPILEPSY WARNING!* soundtrack: Machine Drum (Riveurs Enjienrd By Brothomstates) visual...

published: 11 Jun 2011

author: unc

littleBits (re)intro

www.littleBits.cc littleBits is a growing library of pre-assembled circuit boards that sn...

published: 13 May 2011

author: ayah bdeir

0102 Marble (PreView)

Full length is here: A regular in time warp. A Foley walker. Ein Routinier in Warteschl...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: qi.tv

phoenix - lisztomania *brooklyn brat pack mashup*

A live-action tribute/remix video to this tribute/remix video originally posted by avoidan...

published: 31 May 2009

author: ian parker

QI A01 - Adam

With John Sessions, Danny Baker and Hugh Laurie....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A02 - Astronomy

With Bill Bailey, Rich Hall and Jeremy Hardy....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A03 - Aquatic Animals

With Clive Anderson, Bill Bailey and Meera Syal....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A04 - Atoms

With Jo Brand, Howard Goodall and Jeremy Hardy....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A05 - Advertising

With Gyles Brandreth, Rob Brydon and Rich Hall....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A06 - Antidotes & Answers

With Danny Baker, Jo Brand and Howard Goodall....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A07 - Arthropods

With Jo Brand, Jimmy Carr and Jackie Clune....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A08 - Albania

With Clive Anderson, Sean Lock and Linda Smith....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A09 - Africa

With Jo Brand, Dave Gorman and Jeremy Hardy....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A10 - Alan

With Rich Hall, Julia Morris and Peter Serafinowicz....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A11 - Arts

With Bill Bailey, Richard E. Grant and Linda Smith....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI A12 - Advent

With Phill Jupitus, Sean Lock and John Sessions....

published: 04 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Axx - QI Extras

DVD Extra....

published: 06 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Axx - Factoids 2

DVD extra, part 2 of 2....

published: 22 Aug 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

quite - riveurs enjienrd

*EPILEPSY WARNING!* soundtrack: Machine Drum (Riveurs Enjienrd By Brothomstates) visual...

published: 11 Jun 2011

author: unc

littleBits (re)intro

www.littleBits.cc littleBits is a growing library of pre-assembled circuit boards that sn...

published: 13 May 2011

author: ayah bdeir

0102 Marble (PreView)

Full length is here: A regular in time warp. A Foley walker. Ein Routinier in Warteschl...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: qi.tv

phoenix - lisztomania *brooklyn brat pack mashup*

A live-action tribute/remix video to this tribute/remix video originally posted by avoidan...

published: 31 May 2009

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QI C01 - Campanology

With Bill Bailey, Rob Brydon and Rich Hall....

published: 17 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C02 - Cummingtonite

Andy Hamilton, Doon Mackichan and Arthur Smith....

published: 17 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C03 - Common Knowledge

With Jimmy Carr, Sean Lock and Rory McGrath....

published: 19 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C04 - Cheating

With Alexander Armstrong, Jeremy Clarkson and John Sessions....

published: 21 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C05 - Cat's Eyes

With Jo Brand, Rich Hall and Sean Lock....

published: 21 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C06 - Cockneys

With Bill Bailey, Phill Jupitus and Rory McGrath....

published: 23 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C07 - Constellations

With Jeremy Clarkson, Rich Hall and Sean Lock...

published: 25 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C08 - Corby

With Bill Bailey, Phill Jupitus and David Mitchell....

published: 17 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C09 - Creatures

With Helen Atkinson-Wood, Bill Bailey and Andy Hamilton....

published: 17 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C10 - Cleve Crudgington

With Clive Anderson, John Sessions and Mark Steel....

published: 26 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C11 - Carnival

With Clive Anderson, Jo Brand and Phill Jupitus....

published: 17 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI C12 - Combustion

With Bill Bailey, Phill Jupitus and Dara Ó Briain....

published: 28 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Cxx - Cast Offs

DVD extra....

published: 29 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

QI Cxx - Chimes

DVD extra. Text from Wikipedia....

published: 17 Jun 2012

author: BalmafulaLanando

quite - riveurs enjienrd

*EPILEPSY WARNING!* soundtrack: Machine Drum (Riveurs Enjienrd By Brothomstates) visual...

published: 11 Jun 2011

author: unc

littleBits (re)intro

www.littleBits.cc littleBits is a growing library of pre-assembled circuit boards that sn...

published: 13 May 2011

author: ayah bdeir

0102 Marble (PreView)

Full length is here: A regular in time warp. A Foley walker. Ein Routinier in Warteschl...

published: 22 Oct 2009

author: qi.tv

phoenix - lisztomania *brooklyn brat pack mashup*

A live-action tribute/remix video to this tribute/remix video originally posted by avoidan...

published: 31 May 2009

author: ian parker

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photo: AP / Juan Karita

File - Argentina's President Cristina Fernandez, front, gestures during a ceremony honoring Bolivia's Independence heroines in Cochabamba, Bolivia, Wednesday, July 18, 2012.

Argentina reasserts claim over Falklands

Al Jazeera

04 Jan 2013

Argentine President Cristina Fernandez de Kirchner has released a public letter urging the United Kingdom to relinquish its control over the disputed Falkland Islands. ... The veterans delivered a letter addressed to the British Ambassador in Argentina, John Freeman, criticising the British government for refusing to discuss the sovereignty of the islands with the Argentine government ... 508 Source .. Al Jazeera and agencies. Share....(size: 19.6Kb)

photo: WN / Imran Nissar

Youth Brigade of Kashmir carry out a protest demonstration in Srinagar, India, on Monday 24, December 2012. As solidarity with Delhi gang-rape case. The protesters were demanding action against people involved in rape incidents across the country.

Indian gang rape: suspects to appear in court

The Daily Telegraph

03 Jan 2013

A gang of men accused of repeatedly raping a 23-year-old student on a moving bus in New Delhi in a deadly crime that repulsed the nation are to appear in court today for the first time. A British tourist join others in a candlelight vigil to mourn the death of a gang rape victim, in Kolkata, India Photo. AP. 3.52AM GMT 03 Jan 2013 ... Police have ordered a bone test to determine his age and whether he can stand trial in an adult court....(size: 11.3Kb)

photo: US Navy / HMC Josh Ives

U.S. Army Lt. Col. Mark Martin, right, civil affairs team lead for Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT) Farah, shakes hands and laughs with Mawlawi Guhlam M. Ruhaani, director of Hajj and Endowment, at the conclusion of a key leader engagement in Farah City, Dec. 29, 2012.

US working hard to have support for Afghan reconciliation

Zeenews

03 Jan 2013

Washington. Aiming to get cooperation through dialogue, the US said that it is working hard to create an environment within Afghanistan and also in the region to have support for Afghan-Afghan reconciliation ... Responding to questions, Nuland said the US supports an Afghan-led process of reconciliation ... Saying that Pakistan needs to engage with Afghanistan directly, Nuland said the US supports dialogue between the two ... PTI ... First Published....(size: 2.3Kb)

photo: AP / Ng Han Guan

North Korean leader Kim Jong Un attends a ceremony to reopen the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun in Pyongyang, North Korea, on Monday, Dec. 17, 2012.

North Korea's leader calls for peace with South in New Year's speech

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

02 Jan 2013

SEOUL -- In a domestically televised New Year's Day speech, North Korean supreme leader Kim Jong Un said he wanted to "remove confrontation" on this divided peninsula and called on "anti-reunification forces" in South Korea to cease their hostility toward the North. The lengthy address, which laid out the national goals for 2013, marked Mr ... Mr. Kim on Tuesday asked for a detente -- but with prerequisites that the conservative Ms ... ....(size: 3.2Kb)

photo: AP / Mohammad Sajjad

Pakistani men carry the body of a teacher, who was killed by gunmen, from a hospital for burial in Swabi, Pakistan, Tuesday, Jan. 1, 2013.

7 teachers, health workers gunned down in Pakistan

Pittsburgh Post-Gazette

02 Jan 2013

ISLAMABAD -- Continuing a militant campaign of violence against aid workers in Pakistan, gunmen Tuesday shot dead seven Pakistani teachers and health workers, six of them women, police officials said. There was no immediate claim of responsibility ... The victims worked for the private Pakistani aid group Support With Working Solution, which works in the health and education sectors ... "One child, aged 7 to 8 years, miraculously survived." ... ....(size: 3.4Kb)

timeline:
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Experience Qi Wireless Charging: The Hottest Mobile Trend of 2013

Business Wire

04 Jan 2013

Wireless Power Consortium to Showcase the Rapidly Expanding Universe of Qi-compatible Products at CES 2013 2013 International CES.Wireless Power Consortium2013 International CES . LAS VEGAS--(BUSINESS WIRE)--The Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) will demonstrate the newest Qi wireless charging products and prototypes at the 2013 International Consumer Electronics Show, held January 8-11 in Las Vegas, NV....(size: 7.7Kb)

January Exclusives at Four Seasons Hotel Mumbai. (Four Seasons Hotels Inc)

noodls

04 Jan 2013

(Source. Four Seasons Hotels Inc) January Exclusives at Four Seasons Hotel Mumbai. From seasonal specials to bespoke dining ... Strawberry Splendour ... Omakase Specials. Book a place at one of the most eagerly awaited events of San-Qi's culinary calendar ... For reservations, call San-Qi on 2481 8333 or email sanqi.mumbai@fourseasons.com. distributed by....(size: 2.1Kb)

Wisconsin knocks out Stanford in Rose Bowl Game tailgate, brats over tacos

The Examiner

04 Jan 2013

German brats or California tacos? Which one to root for? ... Wisconsin Badgers fans, Chao Qi and Valerie Alexander, cooked up the brats and cheese curds while Stanford Cardinal fan Nancy Valenzuela served up rib eye tacos with salsa and guacamole. “Between the chili, nachos and hotdogs, the Rose Bowl Game is undoubtedly the messiest stop on our Select-A-Size tour,” said Adam Richman, who crowned Chao Qi as the winner ... ....(size: 2.1Kb)

Sharing the wealth

China Daily

04 Jan 2013

The nearly 50 ink-and-water works come from the collection of Sun Zhao (1899-1966), a middle school Chinese teacher and art connoisseur ... - Lin Qi. ....(size: 0.8Kb)

Wireless Power Consortium to Exhibit at 2013 International CES, LVCC, South Hall 3 Lobby, Upper Level, Booth A-162, Jan 8 - 11, 2013, in Las Vegas NV, US

Business Wire

04 Jan 2013

The Wireless Power Consortium will be displaying the newest Qi wireless charging compatible products, prototypes, and solutions in the automotive space, in mobile devices, and in consumer electronics ......(size: 4.2Kb)

Portraits of reform

China Daily

04 Jan 2013

A British couple chronicled rural northern China with their camera between 1947-48. Lin Qi highlights some of the precious collection's best pictures ... From November 1947 to June 1948, they carried out socio-anthropological field observations in the village in the Liberated Areas controlled by the Communist Party of China ... Ten Mile Inn ... ....(size: 1.6Kb)

Transparency Dawning for China's Leadership

Caixin Online

04 Jan 2013

Politburo profiles shed light on previously secret information, giving fresh impetus to asset disclosure efforts ... The reports described their careers, leadership styles and hobbies. Recent and vintage photos showed the leaders at work and relaxing with relatives. The Xi profile included stories about his late father Xi Zhongxun, mother Qi Xin, wife Peng Liyuan and daughter Xi Mingze ... The series was a step in the right direction ... ....(size: 2.7Kb)

iLuv® Creative Technology to Showcase Award-Winning Mobile Accessories at CES 2013

Business Wire

04 Jan 2013

2013 International CESBooth. Central Hall #13632 . LAS VEGAS--(BUSINESS WIRE)--iLuv Creative Technology will present a number of innovative, award-winning mobile accessories at CES 2013, booth # 13632, January 8-11 in Las Vegas. On display will be the first dock from iLuv featuring Qi-certified wireless charging technology, MobiRock ... About iLuv ... and are registered with the U.S ... or in other countries ... © 2013 iLuv Creative Technology ... Media.....(size: 5.6Kb)

Dehaier Medical Announces Management Change

Stockhouse

04 Jan 2013

BEIJING, Jan. 4, 2013 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Dehaier Medical Systems Ltd. (Nasdaq.DHRM) ("Dehaier" or the "Company"), an emerging leader in the development, assembly, marketing and sale of medical devices and homecare medical products, today announced that the interim CFO, Mr. Aileen Qi, has been appointed as Vice President of Finance and Operations, effective immediately. Mr. Charles Li has been appointed as the Company's CFO. Mr ... Mr ... CONTACT....(size: 3.6Kb)

Nine of B.C.'s most-valuable homes are on Belmont Avenue

Canada Dot Com

04 Jan 2013

For the owner of the 25,000-squarefoot mansion at 4707 Belmont Ave ... Assessment Authority's top-25 list of most-valued properties include the Khosrowshahi family, founders of Future Shop and Wesbild; investment banker David Sidoo and his wife Manjy; philanthropists Joe and Rosalie Segal; Canaccord Financial founder Peter Brown; Mohammad Mohseni; Lei Qi Zheng; Marcus and Hana Wosk; and an offshore company, Rosy Palace Investments....(size: 3.9Kb)

Coming up with your Chinese name

China Daily

04 Jan 2013

Choosing a new moniker gives you the chance to remake yourself, but there are pitfalls. When I first arrive in Beijing, I feel like I am drowning in the language. The written characters are utterly foreign to me and I strain my ear to distinguish between the spoken tones ... Two Chinese friends, Echo Zhao and Ginger Huang, are with me as we explore the narrow alleys, looking for signs that will say "Choose names", or "qi ming (起名)"....(size: 6.9Kb)

Change in substantial holding for VOC (Perpetual Limited)

noodls

04 Jan 2013

(Source. Perpetual Limited) Form 604. Corporations Law. Section 671B Notice of change of interests of substantial holder. To Company Name/Scheme VOCUS COMMUNICATIONS LIMITED. ACN/ARSN 084 115 499. 1. Details of substantial holder (1). Name PERPETUAL LIMITED and subsidiaries. ACN (if applicable) 000 431 827. There was a change in the interests of the ... 2. Previous and present voting power ... Perpetual QI Long Short Fund ... Perpetual QI Long Short Fund....(size: 43.6Kb)

IDT to Exhibit Industry-leading Wireless Power Products at 2013 CES

Stockhouse

03 Jan 2013

Both devices comply with the Wireless Power Consortium (WPC) Qi standard, which ensures interoperability with any other device meeting the WPC Qi standard. Both transmitter and receiver are capable of “multi-mode” operation, supporting both the Qi standard as well as proprietary formats for added features, increased power output capability, and improved safety....(size: 4.2Kb)

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For other uses, see Qi (disambiguation).

Qi (Ch'i)

Chinese name

Transcriptions
Mandarin
- Hanyu Pinyin	qì
- Wade–Giles	ch'i⁴
Min
- Hokkien POJ	khì
Cantonese (Yue)
- Jyutping	hei³

Vietnamese name

Quốc ngữ

khí

Thai name

Thai

ชี่

RTGS

Chi

Korean name

Hangul

기

Hanja

氣

Transcriptions
- Revised Romanization	gi
- McCune- Reischauer	ki

Japanese name

Hiragana

き

Kyūjitai

氣

Shinjitai

気

Transcriptions
- Revised Hepburn	ki

This article contains Chinese text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Chinese characters.

In traditional Chinese culture, qì (also chi or ch'i) is an active principle forming part of any living thing.^[1]^[2]^[3] Qi is frequently translated as life energy, lifeforce, or energy flow. Qi is the central underlying principle in traditional Chinese medicine and martial arts. The literal translation of "qi" is breath, air, or gas.

Concepts similar to qi can be found in many cultures, for example, Prana in Vedantic philosophy, mana in Hawaiian culture, Lüng in Tibetan Buddhism, and Vital energy in Western philosophy. Some elements of qi can be understood in the term energy when used by writers and practitioners of various esoteric forms of spirituality and alternative medicine. Elements of the qi concept can also be found in popular culture, for example The Force in Star Wars.^[4] Notions in the west of energeia, élan vital, or vitalism are purported to be similar.^[5]

1 Etymology
2 Definition
3 Pronunciation
4 Philosophical roots
5 Role in traditional Chinese medicine
6 Scientific investigation
7 Practices involving qi
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links

Etymology [link]

The etymological explanation for the form of the qi logogram in the traditional form 氣 is “steam (气) rising from rice (米) as it cooks”. The earliest way of writing qi consisted of three wavy lines, used to represent one's breath seen on a cold day. A later version, 气, identical to the present-day simplified character, is a stylized version of those same three lines. For some reason, early writers of Chinese found it desirable to substitute for 气 a cognate character that originally meant to feed other people in a social context such as providing food for guests.^{[citation needed]} Appropriately, that character combined the three-line qi character with the character for rice. So 气 plus 米 formed 氣, and that is the traditional character still used today (the oracle bone character, the seal script character and the modern "school standard" or Kǎi shū characters in the box at the right show three stages of the evolution of this character).^[6]

Traditional Chinese character qì, also used in Korean hanja. In Japanese kanji, this character was used until 1946, when it was changed to 気.

Definition [link]

References to concepts analogous to the qi taken to be the life-process or flow of energy that sustains living beings are found in many belief systems, especially in Asia. Philosophical conceptions of qi from the earliest records of Chinese philosophy (5th century BC) correspond to Western notions of humours and the ancient Hindu yogic concept of prana, meaning "life force" in Sanskrit. The earliest description of "force" in the current sense of vital energy is found in the Vedas of ancient India (circa 1500-1000BC),^[7] and from the writings of the Chinese philosopher Mencius (4th century BC). Historically, it is the Huangdi Neijing translated as, The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Medicine (circa 2nd century BC) that is credited with first establishing the pathways through which qi circulates in the human body.^[8]^[9]

“	Within the framework of Chinese thought, no notion may attain such a degree of abstraction from empirical data as to correspond perfectly to one of our modern universal concepts. Nevertheless, the term qi comes as close as possible to constituting a generic designation equivalent to our word "energy". When Chinese thinkers are unwilling or unable to fix the quality of an energetic phenomenon, the character qi (氣) inevitably flows from their brushes.	”
—Manfred Porkert, ^[10]

The ancient Chinese described it as "life-force". They believed qi permeated everything and linked their surroundings together. They likened it to the flow of energy around and through the body, forming a cohesive and functioning unit. By understanding its rhythm and flow they believed they could guide exercises and treatments to provide stability and longevity.

Although the concept of qi has been important within many Chinese philosophies, over the centuries the descriptions of qi have varied and have sometimes been in conflict. Until China came into contact with Western scientific and philosophical ideas, they had not categorized all things in terms of matter and energy. Qi and li (理, li, pattern) were 'fundamental' categories similar to matter and energy.

Hand written calligraphic Qi.

Fairly early on, some Chinese thinkers began to believe that there were different fractions of qi and that the coarsest and heaviest fractions of qi formed solids, lighter fractions formed liquids, and the most ethereal fractions were the "lifebreath" that animates living beings.^[11]

Yuán qì is a notion of innate or pre-natal qi to distinguish it from acquired qi that a person may develop over the course of their lifetime.

Pronunciation [link]

Other spellings include in simplified Chinese: 气; traditional Chinese: 氣; Mandarin Pinyin: qì; Wade–Giles: ch'i; Jyutping: hei. Qi is pronounced /ˈtʃiː/ in English and [tɕʰî] in Standard Chinese; Korean: gi; Japanese: ki; Vietnamese: khí, pronounced [xǐ]) The approximate English pronunciation of qi, similar to "chee" in cheese, should also be distinguished from the pronunciation of the Greek letter chi, which has a hard c sound, like "c" in car, and a long i, similar to other Greek letters phi, psi, xi.

Philosophical roots [link]

Taoism
This article is part of a series on Taoism
Fundamentals
Dao (Tao) · De (Te) · Wuji · Taiji · Yin-Yang · Wu Xing · Qi · Neidan · Wu wei
Texts
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Three Pure Ones · Guan Shengdi · Eight Immortals · Yellow Emperor · Xiwangmu · Jade Emperor · Chang'e · Other deities
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Taoism Portal v t e

The earliest texts that speak of qi give some indications of how the concept developed. The philosopher Mo Di used the word qi to refer to noxious vapors that would in due time arise from a corpse were it not buried at a sufficient depth.^[12] He reported that early civilized humans learned how to live in houses to protect their qi from the moisture that had troubled them when they lived in caves.^[13] He also associated maintaining one's qi with providing oneself adequate nutrition.^[14] In regard to another kind of qi, he recorded how some people performed a kind of prognostication by observing the qi (clouds) in the sky.^[15]

In the Analects of Confucius, compiled from the notes of his students sometime after his death in 479 B.C., qi could mean breath,^[16] and combining it with the Chinese word for blood (making 血氣, xue-qi, blood and breath), the concept could be used to account for motivational characteristics.

“	The [morally] noble man guards himself against three things. When he is young, his xue-qi has not yet stabilized, so he guards himself against sexual passion. When he reaches his prime, his xue-qi is not easily subdued, so he guards himself against combativeness. When he reaches old age, his xue-qi is already depleted, so he guards himself against acquisitiveness.	”
—Confucius, Analects, 16:7

Mencius described a kind of qi that might be characterized as an individual's vital energies. This qi was necessary to activity, and it could be controlled by a well-integrated willpower.^[17] When properly nurtured, this qi was said to be capable of extending beyond the human body to reach throughout the universe.^[17] It could also be augmented by means of careful exercise of one's moral capacities.^[17] On the other hand, the qi of an individual could be degraded by adverse external forces that succeed in operating on that individual.^[18]

Not only human beings and animals were believed to have qi. Zhuangzi indicated that wind is the qi of the Earth.^[19] Moreover, cosmic yin and yang "are the greatest of qi."^[20] He described qi as "issuing forth" and creating profound effects.^[21] He said "Human beings are born [because of] the accumulation of qi. When it accumulates there is life. When it dissipates there is death... There is one qi that connects and pervades everything in the world."^[22]

Another passage traces life to intercourse between Heaven and Earth: "The highest Yin is the most restrained. The highest Yang is the most exuberant. The restrained comes forth from Heaven. The exuberant issues forth from Earth. The two intertwine and penetrate forming a harmony, and [as a result] things are born."^[23]

"The Guanzi essay 'Neiye' 內業 (Inward training) is the oldest received writing on the subject of the cultivation of vapor [qi] and meditation techniques. The essay was probably composed at the Jixia Academy in Qi in the late fourth century B.C."^[24]

Xun Zi, another Confucian scholar of the Jixia Academy, followed in later years. At 9:69/127, Xun Zi says, "Fire and water have qi but do not have life. Grasses and trees have life but do not have perceptivity. Fowl and beasts have perceptivity but do not have yi (sense of right and wrong, duty, justice). Men have qi, life, perceptivity, and yi." Chinese people at such an early time had no concept of radiant energy, but they were aware that one can be heated by a campfire from a distance away from the fire. They accounted for this phenomenon by claiming "qi" radiated from fire. At 18:62/122, he also uses "qi" to refer to the vital forces of the body that decline with advanced age.

Among the animals, the gibbon and the crane were considered experts at inhaling the qi. The Confucian scholar Dong Zhongshu (ca. 150 BC) wrote in Luxuriant Dew of the Spring and Autumn Annals:^[25] "The gibbon resembles a macaque, but he is larger, and his color is black. His forearms being long, he lives eight hundred years, because he is expert in controlling his breathing." ("猿似猴。大而黑。長前臂。所以壽八百。好引氣也。")

Later, the syncretic text assembled under the direction of Liu An, the Huai Nan Zi, or "Masters of Huainan", has a passage that presages most of what is given greater detail by the Neo-Confucians:

Heaven (seen here as the ultimate source of all being) falls (duo 墮, i.e., descends into proto-immanence) as the formless. Fleeting, fluttering, penetrating, amorphous it is, and so it is called the Supreme Luminary. The dao begins in the Void Brightening. The Void Brightening produces the universe (yu-zhou ). The universe produces qi. Qi has bounds. The clear, yang [qi] was ethereal and so formed heaven. The heavy, turbid [qi] was congealed and impeded and so formed earth. The conjunction of the clear, yang [qi] was fluid and easy. The conjunction of the heavy, turbid [qi] was strained and difficult. So heaven was formed first and earth was made fast later. The pervading essence (xi-jing) of heaven and earth becomes yin and yang. The concentrated (zhuan) essences of yin and yang become the four seasons. The dispersed (san) essences of the four seasons become the myriad creatures. The hot qi of yang in accumulating produces fire. The essence (jing) of the fire-qi becomes the sun. The cold qi of yin in accumulating produces water. The essence of the water-qi becomes the moon. The essences produced by coitus (yin) of the sun and moon become the stars and celestial markpoints (chen, planets).

—Huai-nan-zi, 3:1a/19

Role in traditional Chinese medicine [link]

Further information: Traditional Chinese medicine and Acupuncture

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) asserts that the body has natural patterns of qi that circulate in channels called meridians.^[26] In TCM, symptoms of various illnesses are believed to be the product of disrupted, blocked, or unbalanced qi movement through the body's meridians, as well as deficiencies or imbalances of qi in the Zang Fu organs.^[27] Traditional Chinese medicine often seeks to relieve these imbalances by adjusting the circulation of qi using a variety of techniques including herbology, food therapy, physical training regimens (qigong, t'ai chi ch'uan, and other martial arts training),^[28] moxibustion, tui na, and acupuncture.^[29]

Scientific investigation [link]

There have been a number of studies of qi, especially in the sense used by traditional Chinese medicine and acupuncture. These studies have often been problematic, and are hard to compare to each other, as they lack a common nomenclature.^[30] Some studies claim to have been able to measure qi, or the effects of manipulating qi, such as through acupuncture^{[citation needed]}, but the proposed existence of qi has been rejected by the scientific community.

A United States National Institutes of Health consensus statement on acupuncture in 1997 noted that concepts such as qi "are difficult to reconcile with contemporary biomedical information."^[31] In 2007 "Network", a newsletter discussing "topics of interest to cancer patients" and published by the MD Anderson Cancer Center at the University of Texas, published an article^[32] covering the concepts by which qi is believed to work and research into possible benefits for cancer patients. A review^[33] of clinical trials investigating the use of internal qigong for pain management found no convincing evidence that it was effective.

Practices involving qi [link]

Feng shui [link]

Main article: Feng shui

The traditional Chinese art of geomancy, the placement and arrangement of space called feng shui, is based on calculating the balance of qi, interactions between the five elements, yin and yang and other factors. The retention or dissipation of qi is believed to affect the health, wealth, energy level, luck and many other aspects of the occupants of the space. Attributes of each item in a space affect the flow of qi by slowing it down, redirecting it or accelerating it, which is said to influence the energy level of the occupants.

One use for a Luopan is to detect the flow of qi.^[34] The quality of qi may rise and fall over time, feng shui with a compass might be considered a form of divination that assesses the quality of the local environment.

Qigong [link]

Main article: Qigong

Qìgōng (气功 or 氣功) is a practice involving coordinated breathing, movement, and awareness, traditionally viewed as a practice to cultivate and balance qi. With roots in traditional Chinese medicine, philosophy, and martial arts, qigong is now practiced worldwide for exercise, healing, meditation, and training for martial arts. Typically a qigong practice involves rhythmic breathing coordinated with slow stylized movement, a calm mindful state, and visualization of guiding qi.^[35]^[36]^[37]

Martial arts [link]

Main article: Nei Jing

It has been suggested that Nei Jing be merged into this article or section. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2010.

Qi is a didactic concept in many Chinese, Korean and Japanese martial arts. Martial qigong is a feature of both internal and external training systems in China^[38] and other East Asian cultures.^[39] The most notable of the qi-focused "internal" force (jin) martial arts are Baguazhang, Xing Yi Quan, T'ai Chi Ch'uan, Snake Kung Fu, Dragon Kung Fu, Lion Kung Fu, Aikido, Aikijujutsu, Kyudo, Hapkido, jian and katana swordplay, Lohan Chuan, Shaolin Kung Fu, Liu He Ba Fa, Buddhist Fist, and some forms of Karate, Tae Kwon Do and Silat.

Demonstrations of qi or ki power are popular in some martial arts and may include the immovable body, the unraisable body, the unbendable arm and other feats of power. All of these feats can alternatively be explained using biomechanics and physics.^[40]^[41]

Acupuncture and moxibustion [link]

Main articles: Acupuncture and Moxibustion

Acupuncture is a type of Traditional Chinese medicine that involves insertion of needles into superficial structures of the body (skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles) at acupuncture points to balance the flow of qi. Acupuncture is often accompanied by moxibustion, a treatment that involves burning mugwort on or near the skin at an acupuncture point.

References [link]

^ DENG Yu et al，Ration of Qi with Modern Essential on Traditional Chinese Medicine Qi: Qi Set, Qi Element, JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL MEDICINE (Chinese), 2003, 16(4)
^ Ho, Peng Yoke (Oct 2000). Li, Qi, and Shu: An Introduction to Science and Civilization in China. Dover Publications. ISBN 0-486-41445-0.
^ Frantzis, Bruce Kumar (2008). The Chi Revolution: Harnessing the Healing Power of Your Life Force. Blue Snake Books. ISBN 1-58394-193-2.
^ Porter, John A. (2003). The Tao of Star Wars. Humanics Trade Group. ISBN 978-0-89334-385-9.
^ *Sachs, Joe (2005), "Aristotle: Motion and its Place in Nature", Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, http://www.iep.utm.edu/aris-mot/
^ See p. 804f of Gao Shufan's "Xing, Yin, Yi Zonghe Da Zidian", Zhong Zheng Shuju, Taipei, 1984
^ Avari, Burjor (2007), India: The Ancient Past, London: Routledge
^ DENG Yu, ZHU Shuanli, Deng Hai, Generalized Quanta Wave with Qi on Traditional Chinese Medecine, JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL MEDICINE, 2002, 15(4)
^ Ni Maoshing, (1995), The Yellow Emperor's Classic of Medicine, Shambhala Publications, Boston MA
^ Porkert, Manfred (1974). The Theoretical Foundations of Chinese Medicine: Systems of Correspondence. MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-16058-7. OCLC 123145357.
^ Definitions and brief historical notes on such concepts can be found in Wei Zhengtong's "Zhong Guo Zhexue Cidian", Da Lin Publishing Company, Taipei, 1977.
^ Mo Zi, chapter 25, 84/86ths of the way through
^ Mo Zi, 21:17/19
^ Mo Zi, 21:5/19 and 6:22/40
^ Mo Zi, 68:7/23 and 70:98/139
^ Analects, 10:3
^ ^a ^b ^c Mencius, 2A:2
^ Mencius, 6A:8
^ Zhuang Zi, 2:4/96
^ Zhuang Zi, 25:67/82
^ Zhuang Zi, 23:5/79
^ Zhuang Zi, 22:11/84
^ Zhuang Zi, 21:7/70
^ Harper, Donald; Michael Loewe and Edward L. Shaughnessy (1999/2007). The Cambridge History of Ancient China: From the Origins of Civilization to 221 BC.. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press. pp. 880. ISBN 978-0-521-47030-8. http://books.google.com/?id=cHA7Ey0-pbEC&dq=cambridge++history+of+ancient+china&printsec=frontcover&q=.
^ Robert van Gulik, The gibbon in China. An essay in Chinese animal lore. E.J.Brill, Leiden, Holland. (1967). Page 38
^ Denis Lawson-Wood and Joyce Lawson-Wood, Acupuncture Handbook, Health Science Press, 1964, pp. 4, 133.
^ Lawson-Wood, p. 4 and throughout the book.
^ Wu, Kung-tsao (1980, 2006). Wu Family T'ai Chi Ch'uan (吳家太極拳). Chien-ch’uan T’ai-chi Ch’uan Association. ISBN 0-9780499-0-X.
^ Lawson-Wood, p. 78f.
^ White Peter, Golianu Brenda, Zaslawski Chris, Seung-HoonChoi (2006). "Standardization of Nomenclature in Acupuncture Research (SoNAR)". Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 4 (2): 267–270. DOI:10.1093/ecam/nel095. http://ecam.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/4/2/267.
^ "Acupuncture: National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement". National Institutes of Health. 3- 5November 1997. http://consensus.nih.gov/1997/1997Acupuncture107html.htm. Retrieved 2007-01-15.
^ Energy Medicines Will East Meet West
^ [1] Lee MS, Pittler MH, Ernst E. Internal qigong for pain conditions: a systematic review. Journal of Pain.2009;10(11):1121-1127
^ Field, Stephen L. (1998). Qimancy: The Art and Science of Fengshui.
^ Cohen, K. S. (1999). The Way of Qigong: The Art and Science of Chinese Energy Healing. Random House of Canada. ISBN 0-345-42109-4.
^ Liang, Shou-Yu; Wen-Ching Wu, Denise Breiter-Wu (1997). Qigong Empowerment: A Guide to Medical, Taoist, Buddhist, and Wushu Energy Cultivation. Way of the Dragon Pub. ISBN 1-889659-02-9.
^ Yang, Jwing-Ming (1998). Qigong for health and martial arts: exercises and meditation. YMAA Publication Center. ISBN 1-886969-57-4.
^ Wile, Douglas (1995). Lost T'ai-chi Classics from the Late Ch'ing Dynasty (Chinese Philosophy and Culture). State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-2654-8. OCLC 34546989.
^ Bishop, Mark (1989). Okinawan Karate: Teachers, Styles and Secret Techniques. A&C Black, London. ISBN 0-7136-5666-2. OCLC 19262983.
^ Daniel A. James, "Unraisable body: The physics of martial arts", Sports Health, Autumn 2004, Sports Medicine Australia, Canberra
^ Moore, John. "What is Chi?". Maine Martial Arts. Kongo Tatsu Kai. http://mainemartialarts.com/martial-arts-philosophy/what-is-chi/. Retrieved 13 June 2011.

External links [link]

Look up qi in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Article by Bing YeYoung "A Philosophical and Cultural Interpretation of Qi"
The Skeptics Dictionary
AikiPhysics explores Ki development tests in Aikido using Physics

v t e Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) 中醫

TCM Practices	Acupuncture (Zhēnjiǔ 針灸) · Chinese herbology (Zhōngyào xué 中藥學) · Cupping (Báguàn 拔罐) · Moxibustion (Jiǔ 灸) · Chinese massage, Tuī ná or Chin Na (Qín ná 推拿) · Qigong or Ch'i kung (Qìgōng 气功)

Three Treasures (Sānbǎo 三寶)	Chi (Qì 气) · Essence (Jīng 精) · Spirit (Shén 神)

Five Phases (Wu Xing 五行)	Earth (Tǔ 土) · Fire (Huǒ 火) · Metal (Jīn 金) · Water (Shuǐ 水) · Wood (Mù 木)

Other Key TCM Topics	Meridians (Jīngluò 經絡) · Organs (Zàng-fǔ 臟腑) · Yin and yang (Yīnyáng 陰陽)

Yin Entities (Zàng 臟)	Heart (Xīn 心) · Kidney (Shen 腎) · Pericardium (Xinbaoluo 心包) · Liver (Gān 肝) · Lung (Fei 肺) · Spleen (Pí 脾))

Yang Entities (Fǔ 腑)	Gallbladder (Dan 膽) · Large Intestine (Dà cháng 大腸) · Small Intestine (Xiaochang 小腸) · Stomach (Wei 胃) · Triple Warmer (Sānjiaō 三焦) · Urinary Bladder (Pangguang 膀胱)

Qiheng zhi fu	Brain (Nao) • Marrow (Sui) • Bone (Gu) • Vein (Mai) • Uterus (Zigong)

Noted TCM Physicians	Hua Tuo 華佗 (141-208) · Li Shizhen 李時珍 (1518-1593) · Sun Simiao 孫思邈 (540–682) · Zhang Jiegu (ca. 1151-1234) · Zhang Zhongjing 張仲景 (150-219)

Contemporary Related Topics	Alternative medicine · Energy medicine

Category · Portal

v t e Qigong 气功

Qigong Main Topics	Chi (qi 气) · Chinese martial arts · Chinese philosophy · History of Qigong · Traditional Chinese medicine (zhōng yī 中医) · T'ai chi ch'uan (tàijíquán 太极拳)

TCM and Philosophy	Acupuncture (Zhēnjiǔ 针灸) · Chinese art · Elixir field (Dantian 丹田) · Chinese massage (Tui na 推拿) · Essence (Jing 精) · Meridian (jīngluò 经络) · Spirit (Shen 神) · Yin and yang (Yīnyáng 陰陽)

Traditional Practices	Internal alchemy (Neidan 內丹术) · Silk reeling (Chán sī jìng 纏絲勁) · Standing meditation (Zhan zhuang 站桩) · Taoist gymnastic breathing/Guide and Pull (Tao yin 導引)

Qigong Forms	Eight Pieces of Brocade (Bāduànjǐn qìgōng 段锦气功) · Five Animals (Wu Qin Xi qìgōng 五禽戲) · Muscle/Tendon Change Classic (Yijin Jing qìgōng 易筋经) · Primordial qigong (Wujigong 無極氣功) · Six Healing Sounds (Liu Zi Jue qìgōng 六字訣)

Qigong Masters	Hua Tuo 华陀 (141-208 AD) · Li Shizhen 李时珍 (1518-1593 AD) · Zhang Sanfeng 張三丰 (c. 12th century AD)

Spiritual Movements and Politics	Falun Gong 法轮功 · Zhong Gong 中功

Contemporary Related Topics	Alternative medicine · Biofeedback · Energy medicine · Exercise · Meditation · Mind-body intervention · World Tai Chi and Qigong Day

Category · Portal

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QI

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Contents

Etymology [link]

Definition [link]

Pronunciation [link]

Philosophical roots [link]

Role in traditional Chinese medicine [link]

Scientific investigation [link]

Practices involving qi [link]

Feng shui [link]

Qigong [link]

Martial arts [link]

Acupuncture and moxibustion [link]

See also [link]

References [link]

Further reading [link]

External links [link]

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