- published: 08 Sep 2008
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- author: UCBerkeleyEvents
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![Moving In... [UC Berkeley]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130213114043im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/EkSAY6RAh5I/default.jpg "UC Berkeley freshmen arrive from around California and around the world. It's a bittersweet moment for the parents who have come to Cal to help their sons and daughters on Move-In Day.")
![Super Mario Style - UC Berkeley Gangnam Style Flashmob [Official version]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130213114043im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/sdRm4hhb8wY/default.jpg "Thanks to everyone who helped out with this! Special thanks to Antec for the wireless speakers :) Mario: www.facebook.com Luigi: www.facebook.com Toad: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.twitter.com Formspring: www.formspring.me JayFunk: www.twitter.com Fiasko: www.twitter.com")
![LA you're not BERKELEY enough [UC Berkeley]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130213114043im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/-04Bkf7qHEU/default.jpg "DJ Dave (David Wittman) defends LA-based Cal alums against the charge that they're not Berkeley enough.")
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1923 Berkeley fire
The 1923 Berkeley Fire was a conflagration which consumed some 640 structures, including 584 homes in the densely-built neighborhoods north of the campus of the University of California in Berkeley, California on September 17, 1923.
Although the exact cause was never determined, the fire began in the undeveloped chaparral and grasslands of Wildcat Canyon, just east of the ridgeline of the Berkeley Hills, and was propelled over the ridge and southwestward just south of Codornices Creek by a strong, gusty, and intensely dry northeasterly wind. The fire quickly blew up as it swept through the La Loma Park and Northside neighborhoods of Berkeley, overwhelming the capabilities of the Berkeley Fire Department to stop it. A number of UC students fought the advance of the fire as it approached the north edge of the University of California campus at Hearst Avenue. The other edge of the fire was fought by firefighters as it advanced on downtown Berkeley along the east side of Shattuck Avenue north of University Avenue. Firefighters were rushed in from neighboring Oakland while San Francisco sent firefighters by ferry across the bay. The fire was halted when the gusty northeast wind was suddenly stopped by the cool, humid afternoon seabreeze.
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Bancroft Library
Coordinates: 37°52′20″N 122°15′32″W / 37.87226°N 122.25885°W / 37.87226; -122.25885
The Bancroft Library is the primary special collections library of the University of California, Berkeley. It was acquired as a gift/purchase (November 25, 1905) from its founder, Hubert Howe Bancroft, with the proviso that it retain the name Bancroft Library in perpetuity. The collection consisted of 50,000 volumes of historical materials on the history of California and the North American West, from the Isthmus of Panama to Alaska and from the Trans-Mississippi West to Hawaii, including the great Pacific voyages of discovery of Cook, Malaspina, Vancouver, La Pérouse, and Otto von Kotzebue. At the time it was the largest such collection in the world, and remains so today.
Until the decade of the 1960s, The Bancroft Library continued to focus exclusively on the history of the American West, particularly the borderlands of northern Mexico and the southern United States, from Florida to California, an area associated with the research interests of long-time directors Herbert E. Bolton (1918–1940) and George P. Hammond (1946–1966).
wn.com/Bancroft_Library -
Berkeley Marina
The Berkeley Marina is the westernmost portion of the city of Berkeley, California, located west of the Eastshore Freeway (Interstate 80 and 580) at the foot of University Avenue on San Francisco Bay. Narrowly speaking, "Berkeley Marina" refers only to the city marina, but in common usage, it applies more generally to the surrounding area.
There are several restaurants, a hotel and a yacht club in the Berkeley Marina. There are also several walking and bicycle paths. The area is accessible from the rest of Berkeley by foot or bike over the Berkeley I-80 Bridge at the foot of Addison Street (one block south of University Avenue), and is traversed near Interstate 80 by a segment of the San Francisco Bay Trail. In addition, it is the western terminus of AC Transit Route 51B (University Avenue-Rockridge BART) on select trips only.
The eastern-most portion of the Marina, running parallel to I-80/580, is now a part of the Eastshore State Park.
The Berkeley Marina was originally part of the open waters of San Francisco Bay. The original shoreline ran a few yards west of the Southern Pacific (now Union Pacific) tracks on 3rd Street. The area was gradually filled in over the years.
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Boston University
Boston University (often initialized as BU) is a private research university located in Boston, Massachusetts. With more than 4,000 faculty members and more than 31,000 students, Boston University is one of the largest private universities in the United States and one of Boston's largest employers. The university is nonsectarian, but is historically affiliated with The United Methodist Church.
BU is categorized as an RU/VH Research University (very high research activity) in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. In 2009–2010, BU had research expenditures of $407.8 million, or $553 million if the research led by the Medical School faculty at Boston Medical Center is included. BU is a member of the Boston Consortium for Higher Education.
Among its faculty and alumni, BU counts 7 Nobel Prize winners, including Martin Luther King, Jr. (PhD '55); 22 Pulitzer Prize winners, and numerous[quantify]Guggenheim and MacArthur fellows.
The university offers bachelor's degrees, master's degrees, and doctoral degrees, and medical and dental degrees through 18 schools and colleges on two urban campuses. The main campus is situated along the Charles River in Boston's Fenway-Kenmore and Allston neighborhoods, while the Boston University Medical Campus is in Boston's South End neighborhood. BU also operates 75 study abroad programs in over 33 cities in over 20 countries and has internship opportunities in 10 different countries (including the United States and abroad).
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Bowles Hall
Bowles Hall is an all-male residence dormitory at the University of California, Berkeley, world renowned for its unique traditions, legendary parties and camaraderie. The dormitory was the first residence hall on campus, dedicated in 1929, and was California's first state-owned dormitory. It was built in 1928 on a $350,000 grant by Mary McNear Bowles in memory of her husband, Cal alumnus and UC Regent Phillip E. Bowles. Mr. Bowles was said to have three loves, Horses, Horticulture and the University of California. The Bowles family is said to have lost its fortune during the Depression.
The Hall displays the unique and formidable appearance of a medieval castle, with a stone exterior and a lush wood entryway. Although a University-operated residence hall, its male-only tradition, classic facade, partitioned four-man rooms, and community facilities give it a feeling much closer to that of a social fraternity. Bowlesmen have traditionally been a tight-knit group of students who regularly practice various traditions and rituals that are exclusive to the Hall. In the 1980s, it was listed in the National Register of Historic Places, a prime example of the style of architecture called 'Collegiate Gothic'. The building is still being used as an all-men's residence up to this day, although some traditions have not survived.
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Brandeis University
Brandeis University (
/ˈbrændaɪs/) is an American private research university with a liberal arts focus. It is located in the southwestern corner of Waltham, Massachusetts, nine miles (14 km) west of Boston. The University has an enrollment of approximately 3,200 undergraduate and 2,100 graduate students. In 2011, it was ranked by the U.S. News and World Report as the number 31 national university in the United States.Forbes listed Brandeis University as number 57 among all national universities and liberal arts colleges combined in 2010.
Brandeis was founded in 1948 as a nonsectarian Jewish-sponsored coeducational institution on the site of the former Middlesex University. The university is named for Louis Brandeis (1856–1941), the first Jewish Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States.
Names associated with the conception of Brandeis include Israel Goldstein, George Alpert, C. Ruggles Smith, Albert Einstein, and Abram L. Sachar.
C. Ruggles Smith was the son of Dr. John Hall Smith, founder of Middlesex University, who had died in 1944. In 1946, the university was on the brink of financial collapse. At the time, it was one of the few medical schools in the U. S. that did not impose a Jewish quota; but it had never been able to secure AMA accreditation—in part, its founder believed, due to institutional antisemitism in the AMA—and, as a result, Massachusetts had all but shut it down.
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Brown University
Brown University is a private, Ivy League university located in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. Founded in 1764 prior to American independence from the British Empire as the College in the English Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations early in the reign of King George III (1760–1820), Brown is the third oldest institution of higher education in New England and seventh oldest in the United States.
Brown was the first college in the nation to accept students regardless of religious affiliation. Academically, Brown consists of The College, Graduate School, Alpert Medical School, and the School of Engineering. Brown's international programs are organized through the Watson Institute for International Studies. The New Curriculum, instituted in 1969, eliminated distribution requirements and allows any course to be taken on a satisfactory/no credit basis. In addition, there are no pluses or minuses in the letter grading system. The school has the oldest undergraduate engineering program in the Ivy League (1847). Pembroke College, Brown's women's college, merged with the university in 1971. While Brown is considered a small research university with 689 full-time faculty and 2,000 graduate students, five of its professors and two of its alumni have been honored as Nobel Laureates. The faculty added 100 new professors in the past 10 years under the Boldly Brown campaign.
wn.com/Brown_University -
California
California (pronounced
i/kælɨˈfɔrnjə/) is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third most extensive (after Alaska and Texas). It is home to the nation's second- and sixth-largest census statistical areas (Los Angeles Metropolitan Area and San Francisco Bay Area), and eight of the nation's fifty most populated cities (Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, Fresno, Sacramento, Long Beach and Oakland). The capital city is Sacramento.
California's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west, to the Sierra Nevada mountains in the east – from the Redwood–Douglas-fir forests of the northwest, to the Mojave Desert areas in the southeast. The center of the state is dominated by Central Valley, a major agricultural area. California contains both the highest and lowest points in the contiguous United States (Mount Whitney and Death Valley), and has the third-longest coastline of all states (after Alaska and Florida). Earthquakes are a common occurrence due to the state's location along the Pacific Ring of Fire: about 37,000 are recorded annually.
wn.com/California -
Casa Zimbabwe
Casa Zimbabwe, commonly referred to as CZ, is a student housing cooperative in Berkeley, California housing 124 residents. It is part of the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC) co-op system.
Located at 2422 Ridge Road, the house is a block from the center of the northern edge of the University of California, Berkeley campus. The brown stucco fortress overlooks North Gate, and the two accessible roofs provide a view of San Francisco, the East Bay, the Berkeley Hills, and most of campus. It sits on Northside atop Holy Hill, the area in the vicinity of a five-way intersection surrounded on all sides by churches and seminaries. The BSC central office and central kitchen are located within the Casa Zimbabwe building, but they only connect to the main residential area by a few doors.
The residents of Casa Zimbabwe are affectionately referred to as Czars or Czarinas.
When CZ opened in 1966, it was known as "Ridge Project" since it shares its lot with Ridge House, another BSC cooperative. Ridge Project was one of the first instances of co-ed housing on the Berkeley campus.
wn.com/Casa_Zimbabwe -
Chez Panisse
Coordinates: 37°52′46.49″N 122°16′8.46″W / 37.8795806°N 122.2690167°W / 37.8795806; -122.2690167
Chez Panisse is a Berkeley, California restaurant known for using local, organic foods and credited as the inspiration for the style of cooking known as California cuisine. Well-known restauranteur, author, and food activist Alice Waters co-founded Chez Panisse in 1971 with film producer Paul Aratow, then professor of Comparative Literature at the University of California, Berkeley. From the beginning, Waters advocated a style of cooking that uses the freshest, most delicious local food available, often prepared and presented simply and/or traditionally. The restaurant prides itself on relationships with producers, and buys through its established network of local farmers, ranchers, and dairies.
Chez Panisse has been listed by Restaurant magazine as one of the top 100 restaurants in the world for the last several years[citation needed]. From 2002 to 2008 it was one of the top fifty restaurants in the world, and was ranked number 12 in 2003. In 2007, Alice Waters won Restaurant Magazine's Lifetime Achievement Award, and was cited as one of the most influential figures in American cooking over the past 50 years.Michelin awarded the restaurant a one-star rating in its guide to San Francisco Bay Area dining from 2006 through 2009. In 2001, Gourmet magazine named Chez Panisse the Best Restaurant in America.
wn.com/Chez_Panisse -
Columbia University
Columbia University in the City of New York, commonly referred to as Columbia University, is an American private Ivy League research university located in New York City, New York, United States. Columbia is the oldest institution of higher learning in the state of New York, the fifth oldest in the United States, and one of the country's nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution. Today the university operates seven Columbia Global Centers overseas in Amman, Beijing, Istanbul, Paris, Mumbai, Santiago and Nairobi.
The university was founded in 1754 as King's College by royal charter of George II of Great Britain. After the American Revolutionary War, King's College briefly became a state entity, and was renamed Columbia College in 1784. The University now operates under a 1787 charter that places the institution under a private board of trustees, and in 1896 it was further renamed Columbia University. That same year, the university's campus was moved from Madison Avenue to its location in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan, where it occupies more than six city blocks, or 32 acres (0.13 km2). The university encompasses twenty schools and is affiliated with numerous institutions, including Teachers College, Barnard College, and the Union Theological Seminary, with joint undergraduate programs available through the Jewish Theological Seminary of America as well as the Juilliard School.
wn.com/Columbia_University -
Cornell University
Cornell University ( /kɔrˈnɛl/ kor-NEL) is a private Ivy League research university located in Ithaca, New York, United States. It is a private land-grant university, receiving annual funding from the State of New York for certain educational missions. Founded in 1865 by Ezra Cornell and Andrew Dickson White, the university was intended to teach and make contributions in all fields of knowledge—from the classics to the sciences, and from the theoretical to the applied. These ideals, unconventional for the time, are captured in Cornell's motto, a popular 1865 Ezra Cornell quotation: "I would found an institution where any person can find instruction in any study."
The university is broadly organized into seven undergraduate colleges and seven graduate divisions at its main Ithaca campus, with each college and division defining its own admission standards and academic programs in near autonomy. The university also administers two satellite medical campuses, one in New York City and one in Education City, Qatar. Cornell is one of two private land grant universities, and its seven undergraduate colleges include three private, state-supported statutory or contract colleges. As a land grant college, it also operates a cooperative extension outreach program in every county of New York.
wn.com/Cornell_University -
De Anza College
De Anza College is a 112-acre (45 ha) community college located in Cupertino, California. It was founded in 1967 on the site of the Beaulieu Winery and is named after the Spanish explorer Juan Bautista de Anza. Along with the arrival and growth of Apple Computer, the presence of De Anza College contributed significantly to the growth of Cupertino from a small town to an industrial city and an integral part of Silicon Valley. It consistently ranks #1 or #2 in the state for the total number of students who annually transfer to University of California and California State University campuses. The college is one of the largest, single-campus community colleges in the country with a fall enrollment averaging 25,000 students from over 50 different countries. The college is also the home of the California History Center, housed in a mansion called "Le Petit Trianon". The current president of De Anza college is Brian Murphy. The average class size at De Anza is 35, and approximately 2,800 students transfer per year. It also attracts a heavy international student population.
wn.com/De_Anza_College -
Doe Memorial Library
The Doe Memorial Library is the main library of the UC Berkeley Library System on the UC Berkeley campus. The library is named after its benefactor, Charles Franklin Doe, who was persuaded by the then President of the University of California, Benjamin Ide Wheeler, in 1904 to bequeath funds for its construction. It is located adjacent to the Bancroft Library. In 1900, Emile Benard won an architectural competition for the design of the library, and the Classical Revival style library was completed in 1911. The Doe Library houses both the Undergraduate and Gardner (Main) Stacks collections.
The Gardner Collection, acquiring its namesake from the 15th President of the University of California David P. Gardner, is a four-story underground structure consisting of 52 miles of bookshelves, housing some of the University's most prized collections. The Main Stacks were constructed in 1997 with four large skylights to allow for natural lighting of the underground structure. The Gardner Main Stacks connect the Doe and Moffitt Libraries by means of an underground hallway, this is the only way to enter the Main Stacks after hours.
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Egypt
Egypti/ˈiːdʒɪpt/ (Arabic: مصر, Miṣr, Egyptian Arabic: [mɑsˤɾ] ; Coptic: Ⲭⲏⲙⲓ, Kīmi ; Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲏⲙⲉ, Kēme), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, Arabic: جمهوريّة مصر العربيّة (help·info), is a country mainly in North Africa, with the Sinai Peninsula forming a land bridge in Southwest Asia. Egypt is thus a transcontinental country, and a major power in Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, the Middle East and the Muslim world. Covering an area of about 1,010,000 square kilometers (390,000 sq mi), Egypt is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, the Red Sea to the east, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.
Egypt is one of the most populous countries in Africa and the Middle East. The great majority of its over 81 million people live near the banks of the Nile River, in an area of about 40,000 square kilometers (15,000 sq mi), where the only arable land is found. The large areas of the Sahara Desert are sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in urban areas, with most spread across the densely populated centres of greater Cairo, Alexandria and other major cities in the Nile Delta.
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Fudan University
Fudan University (simplified Chinese: 复旦大学; traditional Chinese: 復旦大學; pinyin: Fùdàn Dàxué), located in Shanghai, is one of the oldest and most selective universities in China, and is a member of the C9 League. Its institutional predecessor was founded in 1905, shortly before the end of China's imperial Qing dynasty. Fudan University is composed of four campuses, including Handan (邯鄲), Fenglin (楓林), Zhangjiang (張江), and Jiangwan (江灣).
Fudan was initially known as Fudan College in 1905. The two Chinese characters Fu (復) and Dan (旦), literally meaning "(heavenly light shines) day after day", were chosen by the distinguished educator in modern Chinese history, Father Ma Xiangbo S.J. (马相伯), from the Confucian Classics (《尚书大传•虞夏传》): "Itinerant as the twilight, sun glows and moon luminesces" (日月光華，旦復旦兮). In 1911 during the Xinhai Revolution the college was taken up as the headquarters of the Guangfu Army and closed down for almost one year. The university motto comes from Analects Book 19.6(《論語•子張》): 博學而篤志,切問而近思, which means "to learn extensively and adhere to aspirations, to inquire earnestly and reflect with self application".
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Haas Pavilion
Coordinates: 37°52′9.82″N 122°15′43.9″W / 37.8693944°N 122.262194°W / 37.8693944; -122.262194
The Walter A. Haas, Jr. Pavilion is the home of the University of California's men's and women's basketball, women's volleyball, and men's and women's gymnastics teams. The arena is located in the middle of the main University of California sports complex, overlooking Evans Diamond (baseball) and Edwards Stadium (track/soccer).
The arena was originally built in 1933 as the Men's Gym. It was renamed Harmon Gym in 1959, after Oakland financier A.K.P. Harmon, who donated the funds to build Cal's first indoor athletic facility in 1879. Lou Campanelli tried to have it renamed "Harmon Arena" when he became coach, but it never really caught on. The playing surface, after being known as simply "Room 100" since the arena opened, was renamed Pete Newell Court in 1987 in honor of Pete Newell, who led Cal to the national championship in 1959.
Proposals for replacing the old gym were bandied about from the 1970s onward, but sentiment was strongly in favor of rebuilding it instead. As a result, the arena was heavily renovated from 1997 to 1999 after a donation of about $11 million from Walter A. Haas, Jr. of Levi Strauss & Co., building a new seating bowl within the existing walls.
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Harvard University
Harvard University is an American private Ivy League research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States, established in 1636 by the Massachusetts legislature. Harvard is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States and the first corporation (officially The President and Fellows of Harvard College) chartered in the country. Harvard's history, influence, and wealth have made it one of the most prestigious universities in the world.
Harvard was named after its first benefactor, John Harvard. Although never formally affiliated with a church, the college primarily trained Congregationalist and Unitarian clergy. Harvard's curriculum and students became secular throughout the 18th century and by the 19th century had emerged as the central cultural establishment among Boston elites. Following the American Civil War, President Charles W. Eliot's forty year tenure (1869–1909) transformed the college and affiliated professional schools into a centralized research university, and Harvard became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900.James Bryant Conant led the university through the Great Depression and World War II and began to reform the curriculum and liberalize admissions after the war. The undergraduate college became coeducational after its 1977 merger with Radcliffe College. Drew Gilpin Faust was elected the 28th president in 2007 and is the first woman to lead the university. Harvard has the largest financial endowment of any academic institution in the world, standing at $32 billion as of September 2011.
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Intel
Coordinates: 37°23′16.54″N 121°57′48.74″W / 37.3879278°N 121.9635389°W / 37.3879278; -121.9635389
Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC) is an American multinational semiconductor chip maker corporation headquartered in Santa Clara, California, United States and the world's largest and highest valued semiconductor chip maker, based on revenue. It is the inventor of the x86 series of microprocessors, the processors found in most personal computers. Intel Corporation, founded on July 18, 1968, is a portmanteau of Integrated Electronics (though a common misconception is that "Intel" is from the word intelligence[citation needed]). Intel also makes motherboard chipsets, network interface controllers and integrated circuits, flash memory, graphic chips, embedded processors and other devices related to communications and computing. Founded by semiconductor pioneers Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore and widely associated with the executive leadership and vision of Andrew Grove, Intel combines advanced chip design capability with a leading-edge manufacturing capability. Though Intel was originally known primarily to engineers and technologists, its "Intel Inside" advertising campaign of the 1990s made it and its Pentium processor household names.
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Intuit
Intuit Inc. is an American software company that develops financial and tax preparation software and related services for small businesses, accountants and individuals. It is incorporated in Delaware and headquartered in Mountain View, California.
The company was founded in 1983 by Scott Cook and Tom Proulx in Palo Alto, California.
Intuit makes the personal finance programs Quicken and TurboTax (and its Canadian counterpart, QuickTax), as well as the small business accounting program QuickBooks. In addition, they produce QuickBooks Point of Sale solution for small retailers, professional tax solutions ProSeries and Lacerte, and the Web-based corporate workgroup productivity solution QuickBase.
The company maintains a number of foreign sales offices. It has R&D activity in Intuit Canada headquartered in Mississauga, Ontario and Intuit India headquartered in Bangalore, India. International product versions are now predominantly produced by third-party localizers or licensees.
Intuit was conceived by Scott Cook, whose prior work at Procter & Gamble helped him realize that personal computers would lend themselves as replacements for paper-and-pencil based personal accounting. On his quest to find a programmer he ended up running into Tom Proulx at Stanford. The two started Intuit, which initially operated out of a modest room on University Avenue in Palo Alto. The first version of Quicken was coded in Microsoft's BASIC programming language for the IBM PC and UCSD Pascal for the Apple II by Tom Proulx and had to contend with a dozen serious competitors. Intuit struggled financially until they found their formula for success, which revolved around direct marketing campaigns, favorable reviews in industry and consumer magazines and word of mouth from satisfied customers[citation needed].
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Iran
Coordinates: 32°N 53°E / 32°N 53°E / 32; 53
Iran (i/ɪˈrɑːn/ or /aɪˈræn/;Persian: ایران [ʔiˈɾɒn] (
listen)), officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ایران Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān), is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran", which in Persian means "Land of the Aryans", has been in use natively since the Sassanian era. It came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia ( /ˈpɜrʒə/ or /ˈpɜrʃə/). Both "Persia" and "Iran" are used interchangeably in cultural contexts; however, "Iran" is the name used officially in political contexts.
The 18th-largest country in the world in terms of area at 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), Iran has a population of around 79 million. It is a country of particular geopolitical significance owing to its location in the Middle East and central Eurasia. Iran is bordered on the north by Armenia, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan. As Iran is a littoral state of the Caspian Sea, which is an inland sea, Kazakhstan and Russia are also Iran's direct neighbors to the north. Iran is bordered on the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, on the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, on the west by Iraq and on the northwest by Turkey. Tehran is the capital, the country's largest city and the political, cultural, commercial and industrial center of the nation. Iran is a regional power, and holds an important position in international energy security and world economy as a result of its large reserves of petroleum and natural gas. Iran has the second largest proven natural gas reserves in the world and the fourth largest proven petroleum reserves.
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Jordan
Jordan ( /ˈdʒɔr.dən/;Arabic: اَلأُرْدُنّ, Al-'Urdunn), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (Arabic: اَلمَمْلَكَة اَلأُرْدُنِيَّة اَلهَاشِمِيَّة), Al-Mamlakah Al-Urdaniyyah Al-Hashimiyyah) is a kingdom on the East Bank of the River Jordan. The country borders Saudi Arabia to the east and south-east, Iraq to the north-east, Syria to the north and the West Bank and Israel to the west, sharing control of the Dead Sea with the latter. Jordan's only port is at its south-western tip, at the Gulf of Aqaba, which is shared with Israel, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia. Over half of Jordan is covered by the Arabian Desert. However, the western part of Jordan is arable land and forests. Jordan is part of the Fertile Crescent. The capital city is Amman. According to the CIA World Factbook, Jordan has the second highest life expectancy in the Middle East, after Israel. The average life expectancy is one position behind the United Kingdom, although the age remains exactly the same (80.05 years).
The precursor to modern Jordan was founded in 1921 as the Hashemite Emirate, and it was recognized by the League of Nations as a state under the British mandate in 1922 known as The Emirate of Transjordan. In 1946, Jordan became an independent sovereign state officially known as the Hashemite Kingdom of Transjordan. After capturing the West Bank area of Cisjordan during the 1948–49 war with Israel, Abdullah I took the title King of Jordan and Palestine, and he officially changed the country's name to the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in April 1949.
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Juniper Networks
Coordinates: 37°24′34″N 122°01′37″W / 37.409556°N 122.027°W / 37.409556; -122.027 Juniper Networks is an American manufacturer of networking equipment founded in 1996. It is headquartered in Sunnyvale, California, USA. The company designs and sells high-performance Internet Protocol network products and services. Juniper's main products include T-series, M-series, E-series, MX-series, and J-series families of routers, EX-series Ethernet switches and SRX-series security products. Junos, Juniper's own network operating system, runs on most Juniper products.
In 1995 Pradeep Sindhu, a principal scientist at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center, returned from vacation with the idea to start a company to supply high-performance routers to support the quickly emerging Internet. Sindhu started the company in February 1996 with $200,000 in seed money from powerful venture capital firm Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers. He hired two other engineers, Bjorn Liencres from Sun Microsystems and Dennis Ferguson from MCI. For business expertise, Sindhu recruited Scott Kriens, co-founder of StrataCom.
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Keio University
Keio University (慶應義塾大学, Keiō Gijuku Daigaku?),abbreviated as Keio (慶應, Keio) or Keidai (慶大, Keidai), is a Japanese university located in Minato, Tokyo. It is known as the oldest institute of higher education in Japan. Founder Fukuzawa Yukichi originally established it as a school for Western studies in 1858 in Edo (now Tokyo). It has eleven campuses in Tokyo and Kanagawa. It has ten faculties, with Letters, Economics, Laws, Business and Commerce, Medicine, Science and Technology, Policy Management, Environment and Information Studies, Nursing and Medical Care, and Pharmacy.
The alumni include three Japanese prime ministers and prominent corporate leaders. Currently twelve Keio graduates engage as the Fortune Global 500's CEOs.
Keio traces its history to 1858 when Fukuzawa Yukichi, who had studied the Western educational system at Brown University in the United States, started to teach Dutch while he was a guest of Okudaira family. In 1868 he changed the name of the school to Keio Gijuku and devoted all his time to education. While Keiō's initial identity was that of a private school of Western studies, it expanded and established its first university faculty in 1890, and became known as a leading institute in Japanese higher education. It was the first Japanese university to reach its 150th anniversary, celebrating this anniversary in 2008.
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Korea
Korea (/kəˈriːə/ kə-REE-ə; Korean: 한국 Hanguk [hanɡuːk] or 조선 Joseon [tɕosʌn] – (see etymology) is an East Asian region that is divided into two separate sovereign states — North Korea and South Korea. Located on the Korean Peninsula, Korea is bordered by China to the northwest, Russia to the northeast, and is separated from Japan to the east by the Korea Strait and the Sea of Japan (East Sea), and separated from Taiwan to the south by the East China Sea.
Archaeological and linguistic evidence suggest the origins of the Korean people might have been Altaic language-speaking people from south-central Siberia,[dubious – discuss] who populated ancient Korea in successive waves from the Neolithic age to the Bronze Age. The adoption of the Chinese writing system ("Hanja" in Korean) in the 2nd century BC, and Buddhism in the 4th century AD, had profound effects on the Three Kingdoms of Korea.
The Three Kingdoms of Korea was first united during the Silla dynasty under the king Munmu of Silla. The united Silla dynasty fell to Goryeo Dynasty in 935 at the end of Later Three Kingdoms of Korea era. Goryeo was a highly cultural state and created the Jikji in the 14th century, using the world's first movable metal type printing press. The Mongol invasions in the 13th century, however, greatly weakened the nation which was forced to become a tributary state. After the Mongol Empire's collapse, severe political strife followed and Goryeo was replaced by the Joseon Dynasty in 1388.
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Korea University
Coordinates: 37°35′21″N 127°1′56″E / 37.58917°N 127.03222°E / 37.58917; 127.03222
Korea University (Korean: 고려대학교 (高麗大學校) goryeo daehakkyo) is a prestigious nonsectarian, private research university located primarily in Seoul, South Korea, and one of the SKY universities, a historical acronym used in South Korea to refer to Seoul National University, Korea University, and Yonsei University. Founded by Lee Yong-ik in the present-day town of Susong in 1905, the school moved to Anam in 1934. The university is one of the oldest institutions of higher education in South Korea and is widely regarded as one of the top three comprehensive universities in the country.
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Kyoto University
Kyoto University (京都大学, Kyōto daigaku?), or Kyodai (京大, Kyōdai?) is a national university located in Kyoto, Japan. It is the second oldest Japanese university,, one of the highest ranked universities in Asia and formerly one of Japan's Imperial Universities.
The forerunner of the Kyoto University was the Chemistry School (舎密局, Seimi-kyoku?) founded in Osaka in 1869, which, despite its name, taught physics as well. (舎密 is a transcription of a Dutch word chemie.) Later, the Third Higher School (第三髙等學校, Daisan-kōtō-gakkō?) was established in the place of Seimi-kyoku in 1886, it then transferred to the university's present main campus in the same year.
Kyoto Imperial University (京都帝國大學, Kyōto-teikoku-daigaku?) as a part of the Imperial University system was established on June 18, 1897, using the Third Higher School's buildings. The higher school moved to a patch of land just across the street, where the Yoshida South Campus stands today. In the same year of the university's establishment, the College of Science and Technology was founded. The College of Law and the College of Medicine were founded in 1899, the College of Letters in 1906, expanding the university's activities to areas outside natural science.
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La Loma Park
Coordinates: 37°52′56″N 122°15′31″W / 37.88222°N 122.25861°W / 37.88222; -122.25861 La Loma Park is the historic name, no longer in common use, of a tract of land located in the Berkeley Hills section of the city of Berkeley, California in the San Francisco Bay Area. The Spanish word loma means "rise/low hill". It was the property of Captain Richard Parks Thomas, a veteran of the Civil War and Berkeley businessman. Today, it is entirely a residential area. It lies at an elevation of 614 feet (187 m).
Captain Thomas' home was located on the site of what is today Greenwood Terrace. Some of the large trees here were originally planted by Captain Thomas and managed to survive the devastating fire of 1923 which swept through this part of Berkeley.
Captain Thomas was the owner of the Standard Soap Company in West Berkeley, president of the California National Bank of San Francisco, and owner of the Berkeley Ferryboat Line. He had a reputation as a friend of the working man and a character, and was probably the first person who inspired the nickname for the district: "Nut Hill". An old map includes a notation that he kept an illegal still on his property. He devised a scheme for an aerial tramway running from the Berkeley flatlands to the hills. And every Fourth of July, he would fire off an old civil war cannon from a plaza he constructed up the hill from his home. The site is today known as the "Hume Castle", also known as the "Hume Cloister" on Buena Vista Avenue, named for Doctor Samuel Hume and his wife who in 1923, following the fire, built a reduced-scale replica of a cloister in Toulouse, France.
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McGill University
McGill University is a public research university located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. McGill University is one of world's most prestigious universities. The university bears the name of James McGill, a prominent Montreal merchant from Glasgow, Scotland and alumnus of Glasgow University, whose bequest formed the beginning of the university. Founded in 1821, McGill was chartered during the British colonial era, 46 years before the Canadian Confederation, making it one of the oldest universities in Canada.
As of 2011, McGill ranked 1st in Canada and 17th in the world in the QS World University Rankings. According to the 2011 Emerging/Trendence global employability ranking, McGill was ranked 19th in the world for popularity among major employers. In the Maclean's 21st Annual University Ranking (2011), McGill was ranked 1st in Canada among all institutions offering medical and doctoral degrees, maintaining this ranking for the seventh year in a row.
With almost 215,000 living alumni worldwide, students and professors at McGill have been recognized in fields ranging from the arts and sciences, to business, politics, and sports. Notable alumni include eleven Nobel Laureates, one hundred and thirty-two Rhodes Scholars, three astronauts, two Canadian prime ministers, eleven justices of the Canadian Supreme Court, three foreign leaders, nine Academy Award winners, three Pulitzer Prize winners, and twenty-eight Olympic medalists.
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Microsoft
Coordinates: 47°38′22.55″N 122°7′42.42″W / 47.6395972°N 122.12845°W / 47.6395972; -122.12845
Microsoft Corporation (NASDAQ: MSFT) is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, United States that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions. Established on April 4, 1975 to develop and sell BASIC interpreters for the Altair 8800, Microsoft rose to dominate the home computer operating system market with MS-DOS in the mid-1980s, followed by the Microsoft Windows line of operating systems. Microsoft is one of the largest software corporations in the world.
Microsoft would also come to dominate the office suite market with Microsoft Office. The company has diversified into the video game industry with the Xbox and Xbox 360 consoles and the consumer electronics and digital services market MSN, the Zune and the Windows Phone OS. The ensuing rise of stock in the company's 1986 initial public offering (IPO) made an estimated three billionaires and 12,000 millionaires from Microsoft employees (Forbes 400 list revealed that in March 2011 both Jon Shipley and Nathan Myhrvold lost their billionaire status). In May 2011, Microsoft Corporation acquired Skype Communications for $8.5 billion.
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Nanjing University
Nanjing University (NJU or NU, simplified Chinese: 南京大学; traditional Chinese: 南京大學; pinyin: Nánjīng Dàxué; colloquially 南大, Nándà), or Nanking University, is one of the oldest and most prestigious institutions of higher learning in China. Following many changes through dynasties since CE 258, it was established as a modern new-type school in 1902 in the end period of Qing Dynasty, and became a modern university in the early 1920s, the early years of Republic of China, and is the first Chinese modern university with the combination of education and research. Before the eve of establishment of People's Republic of China in 1949, the name was changed from National Central University to Nanking University.
Nanjing University is a comprehensive research university. It is a national university directly under the Ministry of Education of PRC, largely financed by China central and also local Jiangsu provincial finance, and is a member of the C9 League. Nanjing University has two campuses: Gulou campus, located in the centre of Nanjing City, and Xianlin campus, located in northeast of Nanjing southern to Yangtse River, which is the home to undergraduate students.
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NASA
Coordinates: 38°52′59″N 77°0′59″W / 38.88306°N 77.01639°W / 38.88306; -77.01639
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is the agency of the United States government that is responsible for the nation's civilian space program and for aeronautics and aerospace research. Since February 2006, NASA's mission statement has been to "pioneer the future in space exploration, scientific discovery and aeronautics research." On September 14, 2011, NASA announced that it had selected the design of a new Space Launch System that it said would take the agency's astronauts farther into space than ever before and provide the cornerstone for future human space exploration efforts by the U.S.
NASA was established by the National Aeronautics and Space Act on July 29, 1958, replacing its predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA). The agency became operational on October 1, 1958. U.S. space exploration efforts have since been led by NASA, including the Apollo moon-landing missions, the Skylab space station, and later the Space Shuttle. Currently, NASA is supporting the International Space Station and is overseeing the development of the Orion Multi-Purpose Crew Vehicle and Commercial Crew vehicles. The agency is also responsible for the Launch Services Program (LSP) which provides oversight of launch operations and countdown management for unmanned NASA launches.
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Nvidia
Coordinates: 37°22′14.62″N 121°57′49.46″W / 37.3707278°N 121.9637389°W / 37.3707278; -121.9637389
Nvidia (NASDAQ: NVDA; /ɪnˈvɪdiə/ in-VID-ee-ə) is an American global technology company based in Santa Clara, California. Nvidia is best known for its graphics processing units (GPUs). Nvidia and chief rival AMD Graphics Technologies (formerly ATI Technologies) have dominated the high performance GPU market, pushing other manufacturers to smaller, niche roles. Nvidia's best known GPU product line labeled "GeForce" is in direct competition with AMD's "Radeon" products.
In addition to GPU manufacturing, Nvidia provides parallel processing capabilities, to researchers and scientists, that allow them to efficiently run high-performance applications. They are deployed in supercomputing sites around the world. More recently, Nvidia has moved into the mobile computing market, where its Tegra processors powered phones and tablets, as well as auto infotainment systems. In addition to AMD, its other competitors include Intel and Qualcomm.
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Ohlone College
Coordinates: 37°31′49.88″N 121°54′52.05″W / 37.5305222°N 121.9144583°W / 37.5305222; -121.9144583
Ohlone College is a community college located in Fremont, California. It was established in 1965. Ohlone College is a single college, multi campus district serving the areas of Fremont, Newark, and Union City with its main campus and district office in Fremont. It is one of 112 community colleges in the state of California and is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges.
A satellite center called the Ohlone College Newark Center for Health Sciences and Technology opened in January 2008 on an 80-plus-acre site in Newark, California. Voters approved a $150 million bond measure for this project in March 2002.
"Officially named Ohlone College on June 18, 1967, the institution honors the early Ohlone Indians of the Costanoan tribe, who inhabited the Fremont and Newark area. Long before the local Indians were named Costanoans by the Spanish priests, they were known by a neighboring Miwuk tribe as the Ohlones or “people of the West.” Distinguished by peaceful pursuits, especially in agriculture, they held profound reverence for the earth, believing it was theirs for living and not for the taking. They aided the Franciscan Fathers in building Mission San José in the late 18th century and prospered until 1806-33 when a series of epidemics virtually destroyed the tribe."
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Osaka University
Osaka University (大阪大学, Ōsaka daigaku?), or Handai (阪大, Handai?), is a major national university located in Osaka, Japan. It is the sixth oldest university in Japan as the Osaka Prefectural Medical College, and formerly one of the Imperial Universities of Japan. Numerous prominent scientists worked at the Osaka University such as the Nobel Laureate in Physics Hideki Yukawa.
Academic traditions of the university reach back to Kaitokudō (懐徳堂?), an Edo-period school for local citizens founded in 1724, and Tekijuku (適塾?), a school of Rangaku for samurai founded by Ogata Kōan in 1838. The spirit of the university's humanity sciences is believed to be intimately rooted in Kaitokudo, whereas that of the natural and applied sciences, including medicine, is widely believed to be based on Tekijuku.
Osaka University traces its origin back to 1869 when Osaka Prefectural Medical School was founded in downtown Osaka. The school was later transformed into the Osaka Prefectural Medical College with university status by the University Ordinance (Imperial Ordinance No. 388 of 1918) in 1919. The college merged with the newly-founded College of Science to form Osaka Imperial University（大阪帝國大学） in 1931. Osaka Imperial University was inaugurated as the sixth imperial university in Japan. As part of the University, Osaka Technical College was later included to form the school of Engineering two years later. The university was eventually renamed Osaka University in 1947.
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Peking University
Coordinates: 39°59′23″N 116°18′19″E / 39.98972°N 116.30528°E / 39.98972; 116.30528
Peking University (simplified Chinese: 北京大学; traditional Chinese: 北京大學; pinyin: Běijīng Dàxué), colloquially known in Chinese as Beida (北大, Běidà), is a major research university located in Beijing, China, and a member of the C9 League. It is the first established modern national university of China. It was founded as Imperial University of Peking in 1898 as a replacement of the ancient Guozijian (國子監 guózǐjiàn). By 1920 it had become a center for progressive thought. Today, many national and international rankings frequently place Peking University as one of the best universities in China. In addition to its academics, Peking University is especially renowned for the beauty of its traditional Chinese architecture on its campus grounds.
Throughout its history, the university has educated and hosted many prominent modern Chinese thinkers, including figures such as: Lu Xun, Mao Zedong, Gu Hongming, Hu Shih, Li Dazhao, and Chen Duxiu. Peking University was influential in the birth of China's New Culture Movement, May Fourth Movement, the Tiananmen Square protest of 1989 and many other significant events.
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Princeton University
Princeton University is a private research university located in Princeton, New Jersey, United States.
It is one of the eight universities of the Ivy League, and one of the nine Colonial Colleges founded before the American Revolution. Princeton provides undergraduate and graduate instruction in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences and engineering. Princeton does not have schools of medicine, law, divinity, or business, but it does offer professional degrees through the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, the Princeton University School of Engineering and Applied Science and the School of Architecture.
Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth, New Jersey, as the College of New Jersey, the university moved to Newark in 1747, then to Princeton in 1756 and was renamed Princeton University in 1896. The present-day College of New Jersey in nearby Ewing, New Jersey, is an unrelated institution. Princeton was the fourth chartered institution of higher education in the American colonies. Princeton had close ties to the Presbyterian Church, but has never been affiliated with any denomination and today imposes no religious requirements on its students.
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Purdue University
Purdue University, located in West Lafayette, Indiana, U.S., is the flagship university of the six-campus Purdue University system. Purdue was founded on May 6, 1869, as a land-grant university when the Indiana General Assembly, taking advantage of the Morrill Act, accepted a donation of land and money from Lafayette businessman John Purdue to establish a college of science, technology, and agriculture in his name. The first classes were held on September 16, 1874, with six instructors and 39 students. Today, Purdue enrolls the second largest student body of any university in Indiana as well as the second largest international student population of any public university in the United States.
Purdue offers both undergraduate and graduate programs in over 210 major areas of study, and is well known for its competitive engineering curricula. The university has also been highly influential in America's history of aviation, having established the first college credit offered in flight training, the first four-year bachelor's degree in aviation, and the first university airport (Purdue University Airport). In the mid-20th century, Purdue's aviation program expanded to encompass advanced spaceflight technology giving rise to Purdue's nickname, Cradle of Astronauts. Twenty-two Purdue graduates have gone on to become astronauts, including Gus Grissom (one of the original Mercury Seven astronauts), Neil Armstrong (the first person to walk on the moon), and Eugene Cernan (the most recent person to walk on the moon).
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Qualcomm
Qualcomm (NASDAQ: QCOM) is an American global telecommunications equipment corporation that designs, manufactures and markets digital wireless telecommunications products and services based on its code division multiple access (CDMA) technology and other technologies. Headquartered in San Diego, CA, USA. The company operates through four segments: Qualcomm CDMA Technologies (QCT); Qualcomm Technology Licensing (QTL); Qualcomm Wireless & Internet (QWI), and Qualcomm Strategic Initiatives (QSI).
Qualcomm was founded in 1985 by MIT Alumnus and UC San Diego Professor Irwin Jacobs, MIT and USC Alumnus Andrew Viterbi, Harvey White, Adelia Coffman, Andrew Cohen, Klein Gilhousen, and Franklin Antonio. Jacobs and Viterbi had previously founded Linkabit. Qualcomm's first products and services included the OmniTRACS satellite locating and messaging service, used by long-haul trucking companies, developed from a product called Omninet owned by Parviz Nazarian and Neil Kadisha, and specialized integrated circuits for digital radio communications such as a Viterbi decoder.
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Rice University
William Marsh Rice University, commonly referred to as Rice University or Rice, is a private research university located on a heavily wooded 295-acre (1.19 km2) campus in Houston, Texas, United States. The university is situated near the Houston Museum District and adjacent to the Texas Medical Center.
Opened in 1912 after the murder of its namesake William Marsh Rice, Rice is now a preeminent research university with a distinct undergraduate focus. Its emphasis on undergraduate education is demonstrated by a small student body and 5:1 student-faculty ratio, among the lowest in the top American universities including the Ivy League.Rice alumni are prominent in every sector of society today. The university has produced 101 Fulbright Scholars, 20 Marshall Scholars, and 12 Rhodes Scholars. The university has a very high level of research activity for its size, with $115.3 million in sponsored research funding in 2011. Rice is noted for its applied science programs in the fields of artificial heart research, structural chemical analysis, signal processing, space science, and nanotechnology. It was ranked first in the world in materials science research by the Times Higher Education (THE) in 2010.
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Rutgers University
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey /ˈrʌtɡərz/, usually referred to as Rutgers University or just Rutgers, is the largest institution for higher education in New Jersey, United States. It was originally chartered as Queen's College in 1766. It is the eighth-oldest college in the United States and one of the nine Colonial colleges founded before the American Revolution. Rutgers was originally a private university affiliated with the Dutch Reformed Church and admitted only male students, but evolved into a coeducational public research university. Rutgers is one of only two colonial colleges that later became public universities, the other being The College of William and Mary.
Rutgers was designated The State University of New Jersey by acts of the New Jersey Legislature in 1945 and 1956. The three campuses of Rutgers are in (1) New Brunswick and Piscataway, (2) Newark and (3) Camden. The Newark campus was formerly the University of Newark, which merged into the Rutgers system in 1946, and the Camden campus was created in 1950 from the College of South Jersey and the South Jersey Law School. Rutgers is the largest state university within New Jersey. The university offers more than 100 distinct bachelor, 100 master, and 80 doctoral and professional degree programs across 175 academic departments, 29 degree-granting schools and colleges, 16 of which offer graduate programs of study.
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Shattuck Avenue
Shattuck Avenue is a major city street running north-south through Berkeley, California and Oakland, California. At its southern end, the street branches from Telegraph Avenue in Oakland's Temescal district, then ends at Indian Rock Park in the Berkeley Hills to the north. Shattuck avenue is the main street of Berkeley, forming the spine of that city's downtown, and the site of the Gourmet Ghetto in North Berkeley. The street was named for Francis Kittredge Shattuck, an early landowner and booster who later served as Mayor of Oakland. Shattuck was responsible for a railroad being built along the route of the road.
In North Berkeley, Shattuck Avenue is the location of the Gourmet Ghetto, an unofficial district known for its density of restaurants. From there the street leads south to Downtown Berkeley.
Shattuck is an important north-south arterial roadway for northern Alameda County connecting the downtowns of Berkeley and Oakland. In the early 20th Century the road carried a street car line for the Key System. Today BART carries commuters on the system's second most popular line underneath the pavement. This includes the Ashby and Downtown Berkeley stations. The Downtown Berkley is one of BART's most frequented stations and a transit hub for AC Transit and Bear Transit buses. Furthermore AC's 1R BRT line terminates at this location.
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Silicon Valley
Silicon Valley refers to the southern part of the San Francisco Bay Area in Northern California in the United States. The region is home to many of the world's largest technology corporations. The term originally referred to the region's large number of silicon chip innovators and manufacturers, but eventually came to refer to all the high-tech businesses in the area; it is now generally used as a metonym for the American high-tech sector. Despite the development of other high-tech economic centers throughout the United States and the world, Silicon Valley continues to be the leading hub for high-tech innovation and development, accounting for one-third (1/3) of all of the venture capital investment in the United States. Geographically, the Silicon Valley encompasses all of the Santa Clara Valley including the city of San Jose (and adjacent communities), the southern Peninsula Valley, and the southern East Bay.
The term Silicon Valley was coined by Ralph Vaerst, a successful Central California entrepreneur. Its first published use is credited to Don Hoefler, a friend of Vaerst's, who used the phrase as the title of a series of articles in the weekly trade newspaper Electronic News. The series, entitled "Silicon Valley in the USA," began in the paper's issue dated January 11, 1971. Valley refers to the Santa Clara Valley, located at the southern end of San Francisco Bay, while Silicon refers to the high concentration of companies involved in the semiconductor (silicon is used to create most semiconductors commercially) and computer industries that were concentrated in the area. These firms slowly replaced the orchards which gave the area its initial nickname, the Valley of Heart's Delight.
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Solano Avenue
Coordinates: 37°53′26.33″N 122°17′32.49″W / 37.8906472°N 122.2923583°W / 37.8906472; -122.2923583 Solano Avenue in Berkeley and Albany, California is a two mile (3.2 km) long east-west street. Solano Avenue is one of the larger shopping districts in the Berkeley area. Businesses along Solano Avenue cover a wide range, including grocery stores, coffee shops, drugstores, bookstores, antique dealers, apparel outlets, ethnic restaurants and movie theaters.
Solano Avenue begins, at its western end, on the southern slope of Albany Hill, next to the I-80/I-580 interchange and Union Pacific railroad tracks. The Albany Hill segment of the street is primarily residential and somewhat steep, climbing 86 feet (26 m) in the first three blocks.
At San Pablo Avenue, Solano bends slightly to the south; this is the start of the shopping district. Solano Avenue serves as the de-facto Main Street of Albany, and initially, this was in fact its name within the city of Albany. Solano passes under the elevated BART tracks at Masonic Avenue. For four and a half blocks, starting half a block after Curtis Street, the northern side of Solano is in Berkeley, while the southern side and the street itself are in Albany. Between the Albany city limits and The Alameda, Solano Avenue is the main shopping area of Berkeley's Thousand Oaks neighborhood. Landmarks along this segment of the street include the Oaks Theater, a movie palace built in 1925, and the first Andronico's grocery store, formerly known as "Andronico's Park and Shop" (for a time, simply "Park and Shop").
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SRI International
SRI International (SRI), founded as Stanford Research Institute, is one of the world's largest contract research institutes. SRI, based in Menlo Park, California, was established by the trustees of Stanford University in 1946 as a center of innovation to support economic development in the region. It was established as a nonprofit organization under U.S. and California laws.
In 1970, SRI formally separated from Stanford University and, in 1977, became known as SRI International. The separation was a belated response to Vietnam war protesters at Stanford University who believed that SRI's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)-funded work was essentially making the university part of the military–industrial complex. SRI describes its mission as discovery and the application of science and technology for knowledge, commerce, prosperity, and peace. It performs client-sponsored research and development for government agencies, commercial businesses, and private foundations. It also licenses its technologies, forms strategic partnerships, and creates spin-off companies.
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Stanford University
Coordinates: 37°26′N 122°10′W / 37.43°N 122.17°W / 37.43; -122.17
The Leland Stanford Junior University, commonly referred to as Stanford University or Stanford, is an American private research university located in Stanford, California on an 8,180-acre (3,310 ha) campus near Palo Alto, California, United States. It is situated in the northwestern Silicon Valley, approximately 20 miles (32 km) northwest of San Jose and 37 miles (60 km) southeast of San Francisco.
Leland Stanford, a Californian railroad tycoon and politician, and his wife Jane Lathrop Stanford founded the university in 1891 in honor of their son, Leland Stanford, Jr., who died of typhoid two months before his 16th birthday. The university was established as a coeducational and nondenominational institution, but struggled financially after the senior Stanford's 1893 death and after much of the campus was damaged by the 1906 San Francisco earthquake. Following World War II, Provost Frederick Terman supported faculty and graduates' entrepreneurialism to build self-sufficient local industry in what would become known as Silicon Valley. By 1970, Stanford was home to a linear accelerator, was one of the original four ARPANET nodes, and had transformed itself into a major research university in computer science, mathematics, natural sciences, and social sciences.
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Syracuse University
Syracuse University, commonly referred to as Syracuse, 'Cuse, or SU, is a private research university located in Syracuse, New York, United States. Its roots can be traced back to Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, founded by the Methodist Episcopal Church in 1832, which also later founded Genesee College. Following several years of debate over relocating the college to Syracuse, the university was founded independent of the college in 1870. Since 1920, the university has identified itself as nonsectarian, although it maintains a relationship with The United Methodist Church. Syracuse was elected to the Association of American Universities in 1966 but withdrew its membership in 2011 due to diverging views in evaluating criteria between the University and the AAU.
The campus is located in the University Hill neighborhood of Syracuse, east and southeast of downtown, on one of the larger hills. Its large campus features an eclectic mix of buildings, ranging from nineteenth-century Romanesque structures to contemporary buildings. SU is organized into 13 schools and colleges, with nationally recognized programs in information studies and library science, architecture, communications, business administration, public administration, engineering and the College of Arts and Sciences.
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Telegraph Avenue
Telegraph Avenue is a street that begins, at its southernmost point, in the midst of the historic downtown district of Oakland, California, USA, and ends, at its northernmost point, at the southern edge of the University of California campus in Berkeley, California. It is approximately 4.5 miles (7 km) in length.
Among some Berkeley residents, especially Cal students, Telegraph refers mainly to a four-block section just south of the university, from Bancroft Way (which borders the campus) to Dwight Way. As a center of campus and community life, this section of Telegraph Avenue is home to many restaurants, bookstores, and clothing shops, along with street vendors occupying its wide sidewalks. Telegraph attracts a diverse audience of visitors, including college students, tourists, artists, street punks, eccentrics, and the homeless.
Telegraph Avenue originated from several separately named thoroughfares.
In 1859, a telegraph line was constructed between Oakland and Martinez by the Alta Telegraph Company, and the existing roads which ran alongside it were then renamed The Telegraph Road. The segment of the Telegraph Road which ran from downtown Oakland out to the Peralta estate in Temescal was first known as the "Peralta Road". The segment which ran to and up Harwood's (now Claremont) Canyon was first known as "Harwood's Road".
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Tightwad Hill
Tightwad Hill is the popular name for Charter Hill, the hill rising to the east of California Memorial Stadium at the University of California, Berkeley. Tightwad Hill is so named as it affords a free view of the stadium's field, allowing fans of the Golden Bears to see the game live, even if the stadium is sold out or if they don't want to buy tickets. The hill usually has its occupants, even when the stadium sports empty seats.
Tightwad Hill is part of Charter Hill, the area behind campus that also encompasses the Big "C". Tightwad Hill rises steeply about 100 feet above the east rim of the stadium, to a relatively flat area where spectators perch. Created when Memorial Stadium was built in 1923, Tightwad Hill was created from the dirt removed during the excavation of lower Strawberry Canyon. The first time fans were seen on the hill for Cal games was in 1924. Since then, U.C. Berkeley students, staff, faculty, and the public have enjoyed fall days on the Hill, cheering for the Golden Bears and enjoying the view of the U.C. campus, downtown Berkeley, and the central San Francisco Bay.
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Tilden Regional Park
Coordinates: 37°53′41″N 122°14′30″W / 37.8946474°N 122.2416352°W / 37.8946474; -122.2416352
Tilden Regional Park, also known as "Tilden" ( /ˈtɪldən/), is a 2,079-acre (841 ha) regional park in the East Bay, part of the San Francisco Bay Area in California. It is situated between the Berkeley Hills and San Pablo Ridge.
Tilden Regional Park was named in honor of Charles Lee Tilden, a Bay Area attorney and businessman who purchased much of the land in order to preserve remaining wilderness areas for public enjoyment. Tilden also served on the first Board of Directors of the East Bay Regional Park District.
The park is managed by the East Bay Regional Park District, created from the first land the district purchased in 1936. It is largely located within unincorporated areas of Contra Costa County. An AC Transit bus from the Berkeley BART station runs into the park on weekends. Its steep valleys and dense stands of timber offer a rare wilderness experience so close to the city. Its high ridges and peaks give wide views over the San Francisco Bay and inland across other preserved land to Mount Diablo.
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Tohoku University
Tohoku University (東北大学 (東北帝國大學 prior to 1945), Tōhoku daigaku?), abbreviated to Tohokudai (東北大, Tōhokudai?), located in the city of Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture in the Tōhoku Region, Japan, is a Japanese national university. It is the third oldest Imperial University in Japan and is a member of the National Seven Universities. It is considered as one of the top universities in Japan, and one of the top 50 universities in the world.
The university had 10 faculties and 15 graduate schools with a total of 17,949 students in 2009. The spirits of its foundation are based on 3 core values "Research First (研究第一主義)", "Open-door (門戸開放)", and "Practice-Oriented Research and Education (実学尊重)" principles.
In 2009, Tohoku University was one of 13 universities selected by the Japanese government to lead the internationalisation of higher education in Japan. This venture, known as the Global 30 Project, takes the form of new international degree courses taught wholly in English, at both undergraduate and graduate level. At Tohoku University, this initiative is known as the Future Global Leadership Program (FGL).
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Tsinghua University
Coordinates: 40°00′00″N 116°19′36″E / 40°N 116.32667°E / 40; 116.32667
Tsinghua University (Tsinghua, colloquially known in Chinese as Qinghua, is a university in Beijing, China. The school is one of the nine universities of the C9 League. It was established in 1911 under the name "Tsinghua Xuetang" or "Tsinghua College" and was renamed the "Tsinghua School" one year later. The university section was founded in 1925 and the name "National Tsinghua University" was adopted in 1928. With a motto of Self-Discipline and Social Commitment, Tsinghua University describes itself as being dedicated to academic excellence, the well-being of Chinese society and to global development. Tsinghua is almost always ranked as the first or second best university in mainland China in many national and international rankings. According to the Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2011–2012, Tsinghua ranked 71 worldwide among universities.
Since American Secretary of State John Hay suggested that the US $30 million plus Boxer indemnity paid to the United States was excessive, in 1909, President Roosevelt then obtained congressional approval to reduce the Qing Dynasty indemnity payment by US$10.8 million, on the condition that the said fund was to be used as scholarship for Chinese students to study in the United States. Using this fund, the Tsinghua College Chinese: 清華學堂(Qīnghuá Xuétáng) was established in Beijing, China, on 29 April 1911 on the site of a former royal garden belonging to a prince. It was first a preparatory school for students later sent by the government to study in the United States. The faculty members for sciences were recruited by the YMCA from the United States and its graduates transferred directly to American schools as juniors upon graduation. In 1925, the school established its College Department and started its research institute on Chinese Study.
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Tufts University
Tufts University is a private research university located in Medford/Somerville, near Boston, Massachusetts. The university is organized into ten schools, including two undergraduate programs and eight graduate divisions, on four campuses in Massachusetts. The university emphasizes active citizenship and public service in all of its disciplines more than any peer school and is well known for its internationalism and study abroad programs. Among its schools is the United States' oldest graduate school of international relations, The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.
In 1852, Tufts College was founded by Christian Universalists who worked for years to open a non-sectarian institution of higher learning.Charles Tufts donated the land for the campus on Walnut Hill, the highest point in Medford, saying that he wanted to set a "light on the hill." The name was changed to Tufts University in 1954, although the corporate name remains "the Trustees of Tufts College." After more than a century, Tufts was a small New England liberal arts college. The French-American nutritionist Jean Mayer became president of Tufts in the late 1970s and, through a series of mergers with other institutions, transformed the school into an internationally renowned research university. It consistently ranks among the country's best colleges.
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UC Village
Coordinates: 37°53′06″N 122°18′04″W / 37.885°N 122.30111°W / 37.885; -122.30111
UC Village, also called University Village or University Village Albany, is a housing community for students who are married or have dependents. It is owned and administered by the University of California, Berkeley. It is located within the city limits of Albany about two miles away from the main Berkeley campus, at an elevation of 26 feet (8 m). It was previously known as Albany Village. It is also commonly referred to as The Village.
The village was constructed on the Gill Tract, a marshy area at the foot of Codornices and Marin Creeks. It began as a federal housing project for some of the thousands of workers who came to the San Francisco Bay Area to work in various war industries during World War II, especially the Kaiser Shipyards in nearby Richmond. It originally extended across the city limits demarcated by Codornices Creek into an adjacent neighborhood of Berkeley as far south as Camelia Street, but after the war ended and the village was acquired by the University of California, the Berkeley section was demolished and replaced by various industrial buildings.
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UCSF Medical Center
Coordinates: 37°45′47.67″N 122°27′29.76″W / 37.7632417°N 122.4582667°W / 37.7632417; -122.4582667
The University of California, San Francisco Medical Center is a world renowned hospital in research and a teaching hospital in San Francisco, California. It is one of the leading hospitals in the United States and with the UCSF School of Medicine has been the site of various breakthroughs in all specialities of medicine. Patients with complex diseases from around the world seek treatment at UCSF Medical Center.
With campuses located at Parnassus Heights and Mount Zion, UCSF Medical Center is affiliated with the University of California, San Francisco. It has been ranked as the 7th-best overall medical center in the United States by U.S.News & World Report. The following specialties were ranked in the top 10: endocrinology (4); neurology and neurosurgery (5); gynecology (6); urology (8); rheumatology (9); ophthalmology (9). A new 43-acre (170,000 m2) campus in the Mission Bay neighborhood is expected to eventually host new hospital facilities.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a sovereign state located off the north-western coast of continental Europe. The country includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state—the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea.
The United Kingdom is a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system, with its seat of government in the capital city of London. It is a country in its own right and consists of four countries: England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. There are three devolved administrations, each with varying powers, based in Belfast, Edinburgh and Cardiff, the capitals of Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. Associated with the UK, but not constitutionally part of it, are three Crown Dependencies. The United Kingdom has fourteen overseas territories. These are remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in 1922, encompassed almost a quarter of the world's land surface and was the largest empire in history. British influence can still be observed in the language, culture and legal systems of many of its former territories.
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United States
The United States of America (commonly abbreviated to the United States, the U.S., the USA, America, and the States) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west, across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Pacific and Caribbean.
At 3.79 million square miles (9.83 million km2) and with over 312 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area, and the third largest by both land area and population. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, the product of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy, with an estimated 2011 GDP of $15.1 trillion (22% of nominal global GDP and over 19% of global GDP at purchasing-power parity). Per capita income is the world's sixth-highest.
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University of Iowa
The University of Iowa (also known as UI, or simply Iowa) is a public state-supported research university located in Iowa City, Iowa, United States. It is the oldest public university in the state. The university is organized into eleven colleges granting undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. UI is categorized as RU/VH Research University (very high research activity) in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education. The university is a group member of the Association of American Universities, the Big Ten Conference, Committee on Institutional Cooperation, and the Universities Research Association. Additionally, UI is considered a Public Ivy according to Howard and Matthew Greene's "The Public Ivies: America's Flagship Public Universities".
The University is home to the University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics. It is one of the largest university-owned teaching hospitals in the nation. Iowa was the first American institution of higher learning to accept creative work for academic credit, and developed the Master of Fine Arts degree.
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University of Oregon
The University of Oregon (UO) is a public, coeducational research university in Eugene, Oregon, United States. The third-oldest public university in the state (behind Western Oregon University and Oregon State University), the UO was founded in 1876 and graduated its first class two years later. The Carnegie Foundation classifies the University of Oregon as a RU/VH (very high research activity) university, the highest classification for an academic institution. It is one of 108 universities to have such a designation. Additionally, the UO is one of only two Association of American Universities members in the Pacific Northwest.
As the flagship institution of the Oregon University System, the UO is one of the nation's premier public teaching and research universities. The current UO student body is composed of students from all 50 of the United States, the District of Columbia, two U.S. territories, and 89 countries around the world.
The Oregon State Legislature established the university on October 12, 1872, despite the new state's funding woes. The residents of Eugene struggled to help finance the institution, holding numerous fundraising events such as strawberry festivals, church socials, and produce sales. In total they raised $27,500, enough to buy seventeen acres of land. The doors officially opened in 1876, with Deady Hall its sole building. The first year of enrollment contained 155 students taught by five faculty members. The first graduating class was in 1878, graduating five students. In 1881, the university was nearly closed, it was $8,000 in debt before Henry Villard donated $7,000 toward to help pay for the debt. In 1913, and again in 1932, there were proposals to merge the university with what is now referred to as Oregon State University. Evidently, both proposals were defeated.
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University of Oxford
Coordinates: 51°45′40″N 1°15′12″W / 51.7611°N 1.2534°W / 51.7611; -1.2534
The University of Oxford (informally Oxford University or Oxford) is a university located in Oxford, United Kingdom. It is the second-oldest surviving university in the world and the oldest in the English-speaking world. Although its exact date of foundation is unclear, there is evidence of teaching as far back as 1096. The University grew rapidly from 1167 when Henry II banned English students from attending the University of Paris. In post-nominals, the University of Oxford was historically abbreviated as Oxon. (from the Latin Oxoniensis), although Oxf is now used in official university publications.
After disputes between students and Oxford townsfolk in 1209, some academics fled north-east to Cambridge, where they established what became the University of Cambridge. The two ancient English universities have many common features and are often jointly referred to as Oxbridge. In addition to their cultural and practical associations, as a historic part of British society, they have a long history of rivalry with each other.
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University of Pisa
Coordinates: 43°42′59.436″N 10°23′54.456″E / 43.71651°N 10.39846°E / 43.71651; 10.39846
The University of Pisa (Italian Università di Pisa), is a public university in Pisa, Italy. It is one of the oldest universities in the country. It was officially founded on September 3, 1343 by an edict of Pope Clement VI, although there had been lectures on law in Pisa since the 11th century. The University has Europe's oldest academic botanical garden (Orto botanico di Pisa), founded in 1544.
The University of Pisa is part of the Pisa University System, together with the Scuola Normale Superiore and the Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies. It offers a wide range of courses. The Computer Science course at University of Pisa was the first one in the area to be activated in the whole Italy, during the 1960s.[clarification needed] The aerospace MSc courses are the first in Italy to be offered entirely in the English language.[citation needed] The university has about 57,000 students (of which 53,000 in undergraduate and postgraduate studies and 3,500 in doctoral and specialization studies). In the field of Italian philology, the University of Pisa leads the Consorzio ICoN, an inter-university consortium of 21 Italian universities supported by the Ministry of Education, Universities and Research. It's also the only university in Italy which has become a member of Universities Research Association.[citation needed]
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University of Tokyo
Coordinates: 35°42′48″N 139°45′44″E / 35.71333°N 139.76222°E / 35.71333; 139.76222
The University of Tokyo (informally Tokyo University) (東京大学, Tōkyō daigaku?), abbreviated as Todai (東大, Tōdai?), is a research university located in Tokyo, Japan. The University has 10 faculties with a total of around 30,000 students, 2,100 of whom are foreign. Its five campuses are in Hongō, Komaba, Kashiwa, Shirokane and Nakano. It is considered to be the most prestigious university in Japan. It ranks as the highest in Asia and 21st in the world in 2011 according to Academic Ranking of World Universities.
The university was chartered by the Meiji government in 1877 under its current name by amalgamating older government schools for medicine and Western learning. It was renamed "the Imperial University (帝國大學, Teikoku daigaku?)" in 1886, and then Tokyo Imperial University (東京帝國大學, Tōkyō teikoku daigaku?) in 1897 when the Imperial University system was created. In September 1923, an earthquake and the following fires destroyed about 700,000 volumes of the Imperial University Library. The books lost included the Hoshino Library (星野文庫, Hoshino bunko?), a collection of about 10,000 books. The books were the former possessions of Hoshino Hisashi before becoming part of the library of the university and were mainly about Chinese philosophy and history.
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University of Utah
The University of Utah (also referred to as The U, the U of U or Utah) is a public, coeducational research university in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States.
As the state's flagship university, Utah offers more than 100 undergraduate majors and more than 90 graduate degree programs. Graduate studies include the S.J. Quinney College of Law and the School of Medicine, Utah's only medical school. As of 2011, there are 23,371 undergraduate students and 7,448 graduate students, for an enrollment total of 30,819; with 84% coming from Utah and 6% coming from foreign countries. Just over 10% of students live on campus.
The university's athletic teams, the Utes, participate in NCAA Division I athletics (FBS for football) as a member of the Pacific-12 Conference. Its football team has received national attention in recent years for winning the 2005 Fiesta Bowl and the 2009 Sugar Bowl.
The university was established in 1850 as the University of Deseret by the General Assembly of the provisional State of Deseret, making it Utah's oldest institution of higher education. It received its current name in 1892, four years before Utah attained statehood, and moved to its current location in 1900.
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World Wide Web
The World Wide Web (abbreviated as WWW or W3, commonly known as the Web, or the "Information Superhighway"), is a system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via the Internet. With a web browser, one can view web pages that may contain text, images, videos, and other multimedia, and navigate between them via hyperlinks.
Using concepts from his earlier hypertext systems like ENQUIRE, British engineer and computer scientist Sir Tim Berners-Lee, now Director of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), wrote a proposal in March 1989 for what would eventually become the World Wide Web. At CERN, a European research organization near Geneva situated on Swiss and French soil, Berners-Lee and Belgian computer scientist Robert Cailliau proposed in 1990 to use hypertext "... to link and access information of various kinds as a web of nodes in which the user can browse at will", and they publicly introduced the project in December.
In the May 1970 issue of Popular Science magazine Arthur C. Clarke was reported to have predicted that satellites would one day "bring the accumulated knowledge of the world to your fingertips" using a console that would combine the functionality of the Xerox, telephone, television and a small computer, allowing data transfer and video conferencing around the globe. Clarke also determined that geosyncronous orbit would be possible at the altitude of 22,000 miles, which is why that region is called the Clarke Belt.
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Yale University
Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university located in New Haven, Connecticut. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States.
Incorporated as the "Collegiate School," the institution traces its roots to 17th-century clergymen who sought to establish a college to train clergy and political leaders for the colony. In 1718, the College was renamed "Yale College" to honor a gift from Elihu Yale, a governor of the British East India Company. In 1861, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences became the first U.S. school to award the PhD. Yale became a founding member of the Association of American Universities in 1900. Yale College was transformed, beginning in the 1930s, through the establishment of residential colleges: 12 now exist and two more are planned. Yale employs over 1,100 faculty to teach and advise about 5,300 undergraduate and 6,100 graduate and professional students. Almost all tenured professors teach undergraduate courses, more than 2,000 of which are offered annually.
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Zhejiang University
Coordinates: 30°15′49″N 120°07′15″E / 30.26361°N 120.12083°E / 30.26361; 120.12083
Zhejiang University (ZJU; simplified Chinese: 浙江大学; traditional Chinese: 浙江大學; pinyin: Zhèjiāng Dàxué; Wade–Giles: Che-chiang-ta-hsüeh), sometimes referred to as Zheda, is a national university in China. Founded in 1897, Zhejiang University is one of China's oldest institutions of higher education. It is a member of the C9 League. In 2011, Zhejiang University was named the best university in China by China University Rankings, surpassing Tsinghua University, which had been ranked first for 14 consecutive years. Zhejiang University ranks among the top 200 universities worldwide, and the top 30 in Asia.
Zhejiang University is located in the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, approximately 112 miles (180 km) southwest of Shanghai. Zhejiang University Library collection contains about 6.9 million volumes, making it one of the largest academic libraries in the country.
In 1897, Lin Qi (simplified Chinese: 林启; traditional Chinese: 林啓; pinyin: Lín Qǐ; Wade–Giles: Lin Ch'i), the mayor of Hangzhou, established "Qiushi Academy" (simplified Chinese: 求是书院; traditional Chinese: 求是書院; pinyin: Qíushì Shūyuàn; Wade–Giles: Ch'iu-shih-shu-yüan). Lin studied the western higher education system and applied it to Qiushi Academy, which would become one of the earliest new schools in modern China history. 1902, Qiushi Academy was renamed as Zhejiang Academy (浙江大學堂/浙江大学堂). 1903, its name was changed to Zhejiang Advanced College， established by Hongcheng's wife, panpan. The "Yuying Academy" was also one of the Zhejiang University's early roots. Yuying Academy was established in 1902 with its original name "Yuying Xuetang" (Xuetang means school or college), later "Yuying Yishu" (Yishu means public school), and then the academy. 1911, Yuying Academy was modified to Zhijiang Xutang, and moved to the Qinwang Hill (秦望山), outside of Hangzhou.
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Adam Duritz
Adam Fredric Duritz (born August 1, 1964) is an American musician, songwriter, record producer, and film producer. He is best known for his role as frontman and vocalist for the rock band Counting Crows, in which he is a founding member and principal composer of their catalogue of songs.
Duritz has recorded solo material of his own and collaborated with other musical acts, leading him to branch out as the owner of at least two record labels, acting as his own A&R man. His work scoring music for film has been recognized by the music industry, notably with an award for co-writing the song "Accidentally in Love" for the movie Shrek 2 from BMI.
Duritz's lyrics have been described as "morose" and "tortured" and as "wordy introspection" and his vocals "expressive." He also suffers from depersonalization disorder, which he describes as "a dissociative disorder, which makes the world seem like it's not real," which contributes to the length of time between albums and the inspiration for many of his lyrics.
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African American
African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans or Afro-Americans, and formerly as American Negroes) are citizens or residents of the United States that have ancestry from any of the native populations of Sub-Saharan Africa.
African Americans make up the single largest racial minority in the United States. Most African Americans are of West and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved Africans within the boundaries of the present United States. However, some immigrants from African, Caribbean, Central American or South American nations, or their descendants, may be identified or self-identify with the term.
African-American history starts in the 16th century with African slaves who quickly rose up against the Spanish explorer Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón and progresses to the present day, with Barack Obama as the 44th and current President of the United States. Between those landmarks there have been events and issues, both resolved and ongoing, including slavery, racism, Reconstruction, development of the African-American community, participation in the great military conflicts of the United States, racial segregation, and the Civil Rights Movement.
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Albert Ghiorso
Albert Ghiorso (July 15, 1915 – December 26, 2010) was an American nuclear scientist and co-discoverer of a record 12 chemical elements on the periodic table. His research career spanned five decades, from the early 1940s to the late 1990s.
Ghiorso was born in California July 15, 1915. He grew up in Alameda, California. As a teenager, he built radio circuitry and earned a reputation for establishing radio contacts at distances that outdid the military.
He received his BS in electrical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley in 1937. After graduation, he worked for Reginald Tibbets, a prominent amateur radio operator who operated a business supplying radiation detectors to the government. Ghiorso's ability to develop and produce these instruments, as well as a variety of electronic tasks, brought him into contact with the nuclear scientists at the University of California Radiation Laboratory at Berkeley, in particular Glenn Seaborg. During a job in which he was to install an intercom at the lab, he met two secretaries, one of whom married Seaborg and the other, Wilma Belt, who became Albert's wife of 60+ years.
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Alice Waters
Alice Louise Waters (born April 28, 1944, Chatham, New Jersey) is a US chef, restaurateur, activist, and author. She is the owner of Chez Panisse, a Berkeley, California restaurant famous for its organic, locally-grown ingredients and for pioneering California cuisine.
Waters opened the restaurant in 1971. It has consistently ranked among the World's 50 Best Restaurants. Waters has been cited as one of the most influential figures in food in the past 50 years, and has been called the mother of American food. She is currently one of the most visible supporters of the organic food movement, and has been a proponent of organics for over 40 years. Waters believes that eating organic foods, free from herbicides and pesticides, is essential for both taste and the health of the environment and local communities.
In addition to her restaurant, Waters has authored several books on food and cooking, including Chez Panisse Cooking (with Paul Bertolli) and The Art of Simple Food. She is one of the most well-known food activists in the United States and around the world.
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Andrew Fire
Andrew Zachary Fire (born April 27, 1959) is an American biologist and professor of pathology and of genetics at the Stanford University School of Medicine. He was awarded the 2006 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine, along with Craig C. Mello, for the discovery of RNA interference (RNAi). This research was conducted at the Carnegie Institution of Washington and published in 1998.
Andrew Fire was born in Palo Alto, California and raised in Sunnyvale, California. He graduated from Fremont High School. He attended the University of California, Berkeley, where he received a B.A. in mathematics in 1978 at the age of 19. He then proceeded to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he received a Ph.D. in biology in 1983 under the mentorship of Nobel laureate geneticist Phillip Sharp.
Fire moved to Cambridge, England, as a Helen Hay Whitney Postdoctoral Fellow. He became a member of the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology group headed by Nobel laureate biologist Sydney Brenner.
From 1986 to 2003, Fire was a staff member of the Carnegie Institution of Washington’s Department of Embryology in Baltimore, Maryland. The initial work on double stranded RNA as a trigger of gene silencing was published while Fire and his group were at the Carnegie Labs. Fire became an adjunct professor in the Department of Biology at Johns Hopkins University in 1989 and joined the Stanford faculty in 2003. Throughout his career, Fire has been supported by research grants from the U.S. National Institutes of Health.
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Andrew Schneider
Andrew Schneider is an American screenwriter and television producer, whose credits include writing for The Sopranos, Northern Exposure, and Alien Nation. He frequently co-writes episodes with his wife, Diane Frolov. In 1992 Schneider won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Drama Series for his work on the Northern Exposure episode "Seoul Mates". The award was shared with Frolov as they co-wrote the episode. Schneider was nominated for a Writers Guild of America Award for best dramatic series at the February 2008 ceremony for his work on the sixth season of The Sopranos.
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Andy Narell
Andy Narell (born March 18, 1954 in New York City, US) is a musician and composer specialized in the steelpan.
He was born in New York City and moved to California in his teens. He took up the steelpan at a very young age in Queens, New York. His father Murray Narell was a social worker who invited Ellie Mannette to bring steel pan to New York city in an attempt to get kids off the streets, out of gangs, and into steelbands.
Narell studied music at the University of California, Berkeley, and played piano with the University of California Jazz Ensembles under the direction of Dr. David W. Tucker. He was graduated in 1973.
He has performed with the Caribbean Jazz Project, Montreux, Sakésho, and Béla Fleck and the Flecktones. He additionally composed and arranged music for Trinidad's national steelband competition Panorama. Narell also performed in South Africa in 1999 in front of a crowd of 80,000 people.
He has a brother Jeff Narell, who is a pan player with his own style and records. He has two children, Isaac Narell and Mia Narell.
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Ang Lee
Ang Lee (Chinese: 李安; Pinyin: Lǐ Ān; born October 23, 1954) is a Taiwanese-American film director. Lee has directed a diverse set of films such as Eat Drink Man Woman (1994), Sense and Sensibility (1995), Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000, which won the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film), Hulk (2003), and Brokeback Mountain (2005), for which he won an Academy Award for Best Director. He is the first person of Asian descent to win the Best Director Oscar.
Ang Lee was born in the town of Chaochou in Pingtung, a southern agricultural county in Taiwan. He grew up in a household that put heavy emphasis on education and the Chinese classics. Both of Lee's parents moved to Taiwan from China following the Chinese Nationalists' defeat in the Chinese Civil War in 1949. Lee's father, a native of Jiangxi Province in southern China, imbued his children with studying Chinese culture and art, especially calligraphy.
Lee studied in the National Tainan First Senior High School where his father was the principal. He was expected to pass the annual Joint College/University Entrance Examination, the only route to a university education in Taiwan. But after failing the Exam twice, to the disappointment of his father, he entered a three-year college, National Arts School (now reorganized and expanded as National Taiwan University of Arts) and graduated in 1975. His father had wanted him to become a professor, but he had become interested in drama and the arts at college. This early frustration set his career on the path of performance art. Seeing Ingmar Bergman's film The Virgin Spring (1960) was a formative experience for him.
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Angela Bassett
Angela Evelyn Bassett (born August 16, 1958) is an American actress and comedienne. She has become well known for her biographical film roles portraying real life women in African American culture, including Tina Turner in What's Love Got to Do with It, as well as Betty Shabazz in Malcolm X and Panther, Rosa Parks in The Rosa Parks Story, Katherine Jackson in The Jacksons: An American Dream,and Voletta Wallace in Notorious.
Bassett was born Angela Evelyn Bassett in Harlem, New York on August 16, 1958, the daughter of Betty Jane and Daniel Benjamin Bassett. After her parents' separation, she relocated to St. Petersburg, Florida, where she and her sister D'nette were raised by their social worker/civil servant mother. As her interest in entertainment developed, Angela and her sister would often put on shows, reading poems or performing popular music for their family. At Boca Ciega High School, Bassett was a cheerleader and a member of the debate team, student government, drama club and choir.
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Audrey Wells
Audrey Wells (born April 29, 1960) is an American screenwriter, film director, and producer.
Wells was born in San Francisco, California, and worked as a disc jockey at San Francisco jazz radio station KJAZ FM. She graduated from U.C. Berkeley and UCLA. She has written a number of successful screenplays and has directed three for which she had created the script. Among her notable works is The Truth About Cats & Dogs (1996) and Under the Tuscan Sun (2003), both of which she also produced. Her works to date have been primarily comedies and/or romance films.
Wells co-wrote the script for the romantic comedy The Game Plan, scheduled for release in 2007.
She is of Austrian descent on her father's side.
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Batman
Batman is a fictional character, a comic book superhero created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger. The character first appeared in Detective Comics #27 (May 1939), and since then has appeared primarily in publications by DC Comics. Originally referred to as "The Bat-Man" and still referred to at times as "The Batman", he is additionally known as "The Caped Crusader", "The Dark Knight", and "The World's Greatest Detective," among other titles.
In the original version of the story and the vast majority of retellings, Batman's secret identity is Bruce Wayne, an American millionaire (later billionaire) playboy, industrialist, and philanthropist. Having witnessed the murder of his parents as a child, he swore revenge on criminals, an oath tempered with the greater ideal of justice. Wayne trains himself both physically and intellectually and dons a bat-themed costume in order to fight crime. Batman operates in the fictional American Gotham City, assisted by various supporting characters including his crime-fighting partner, Robin, his butler Alfred Pennyworth, the police commissioner Jim Gordon, and occasionally the heroine Batgirl. He fights an assortment of villains such as the Joker, the Penguin, the Riddler, Two-Face, Poison Ivy and Catwoman. Unlike most superheroes, he does not possess any superpowers; he makes use of intellect, detective skills, science and technology, wealth, physical prowess, martial arts skills, an indomitable will, fear, and intimidation in his continuous war on crime.
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Bernard Maybeck
Bernard Ralph Maybeck (February 7, 1862 – October 3, 1957) was an American architect in the Arts and Crafts Movement of the early 20th century. He was a professor at University of California, Berkeley. Many of his major buildings were in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Maybeck was born in New York City, the son of a German immigrant and studied at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris, France. He moved to Berkeley, California in 1892. He became a professor of engineering drawing at University of California, Berkeley and acted as a mentor for an entire generation of other California architects, including Julia Morgan and William Wurster. In 1951, he was awarded the Gold Medal of the American Institute of Architects.
Maybeck was equally comfortable producing work in the Mission style and Mission Revival style, Gothic revival, Arts and Crafts style, and Beaux-Arts classicism, believing that each architectural problem required development of an entirely new solution. Maybeck's contributions include the Mission Style California Building at the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago and the first Mission Style chair designed for the San Francisco Swedenborgian Church.
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Bert Muhly
Louis B. "Bert" Muhly (June 18, 1923 – December 16, 2011) was an American politician, academic, planning practitioner and social activist.
Muhly's professional planning career spanned 39 years in California. He spent twenty years as a practitioner and the remainder as a teacher in the Environmental Studies Program at the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC) and the Graduate Planning Program of California State University, San Jose (CSUSJ). He was Professor Emeritus from CSUSJ since his retirement in 1989. Many of Bert's students, whom he mentored with great enthusiasm and insight, went on to successful careers in city planning, environmental policy and social justice at the local, regional, state, national and international level.
Muhly received a BS degree in Business Administration from University of California, Berkeley in 1948, and an MCP degree from the Department of City and Regional Planning at Berkeley in 1952. He served as the Director of Planning for Tulare County (3 years), Kern Engineering Corporation (2 years) and Santa Cruz County (9 1/2 years). Before embarking on his teaching career, he attended the Planning Certificate Program on British New Towns and Social Planning at the University of Manchester, England (1970).
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Beverly Cleary
Beverly Cleary (born Beverly Atlee Bunn; April 12, 1916) is an award-winning American writer of more than 30 books for young adults and children. As one of America's most successful living authors, she's sold 91 million copies of her books worldwide. Some of her best-known characters are Henry Huggins, Ribsy, Beatrice ("Beezus") Quimby, her sister Ramona, and Ralph S. Mouse. She has won many literary awards, including the 1984 Newbery Medal for Dear Mr. Henshaw and the 1981 National Book Award for Ramona and Her Mother. Educated at colleges in California and Washington, she worked as a librarian before writing children's books.
Cleary was born in McMinnville, Oregon. Until she was old enough to attend school, Cleary lived on a farm in Yamhill, a town so small it had no library. Still, Beverly learned to love books, due largely to her mother's arrangement with the Oregon State Library to have books sent to Yamhill.
When Cleary was six years old, her family left the farm and moved to Portland, Oregon, where she attended elementary and high school. She blamed her struggle with reading in this new school setting partly on her dissatisfaction with the books she was required to read and partly on an unpleasant first-grade teacher. Also, after six years of living in the country, on a farm, the city life in Portland took a toll on her health, and she was frequently ill, which set back her schoolwork and reading skills further.
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Bill Gates
William Henry "Bill" Gates III (born October 28, 1955 in Seattle, Washington) is an American business magnate, computer programmer and philanthropist. Gates is the former chief executive officer (CEO) and current chairman of Microsoft, the world’s largest personal-computer software company he co-founded with Paul Allen. He is consistently ranked among the world's wealthiest people and was the wealthiest overall from 1995 to 2009, excluding 2008, when he was ranked third; in 2011 he was the wealthiest American and the second wealthiest person. During his career at Microsoft, Gates held the positions of CEO and chief software architect, and remains the largest individual shareholder, with 6.4 percent of the common stock. He has also authored or co-authored several books.
Gates is one of the best-known entrepreneurs of the personal computer revolution. Gates has been criticized for his business tactics, which have been considered anti-competitive, an opinion which has in some cases been upheld by the courts. In the later stages of his career, Gates has pursued a number of philanthropic endeavors, donating large amounts of money to various charitable organizations and scientific research programs through the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, established in 2000.
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Bill Joy
William Nelson Joy (born November 8, 1954), commonly known as Bill Joy, is an American computer scientist. Joy co-founded Sun Microsystems in 1982 along with Vinod Khosla, Scott McNealy and Andy Bechtolsheim, and served as chief scientist at the company until 2003. He is widely known for having written the essay "Why the Future Doesn't Need Us", where he expresses deep concerns over the development of modern technologies. He played an integral role in the early development of BSD UNIX while a graduate student at Berkeley, and he is the original author of the vi text editor.
Joy was born in the Detroit suburb Farmington Hills, Michigan to William Joy, a school vice-principal and counselor, and Ruth Joy. Joy received a Bachelor of Science in electrical engineering from the University of Michigan and a Master of Science in electrical engineering and computer science from the University of California, Berkeley in 1979. Joy's graduate advisor was Bob Fabry.
As a UC Berkeley graduate student, Joy worked for Fabry's Computer Systems Research Group CSRG in managing the BSD support and rollout where many claim he was largely responsible for managing the authorship of BSD UNIX, from which sprang many modern forms of UNIX, including FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD. Apple Inc. has based much of the Mac OS X kernel and OS Services on the BSD technology.
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Bono
Paul David Hewson (born 10 May 1960), most commonly known by his stage name Bono (/ˈbɒnoʊ/ BON-oh), is an Irish singer, musician, and humanitarian best known for being the main vocalist of the Dublin-based rock band U2. Bono was born and raised in Dublin, Ireland, and attended Mount Temple Comprehensive School where he met his future wife, Alison Stewart, and the future members of U2. Bono writes almost all U2 lyrics, often using political, social, and religious themes. During their early years, Bono's lyrics contributed to U2's rebellious and spiritual tone. As the band matured, his lyrics became inspired more by personal experiences shared with members of U2.
Outside the band, he has collaborated and recorded with numerous artists, is managing director and a managing partner of Elevation Partners, and has refurbished and owns The Clarence Hotel in Dublin with The Edge. Bono is also widely known for his activism concerning Africa, for which he co-founded DATA, EDUN, the ONE Campaign and Product Red. He has organised and played in several benefit concerts and has met with influential politicians. Bono has been praised and criticised for his activism and involvement with U2. He has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize, was granted an honorary knighthood by Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, and was named as a Person of the Year by Time, among other awards and nominations.
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Brian Maxwell
Brian Leigh Maxwell (1953, London, England – March 19, 2004, San Anselmo, California) was a Canadian athlete, track coach, entrepreneur and philanthropist. He founded PowerBar, a maker of energy and nutritional products for athletes.
Maxwell never intended to become a marathon runner and lacked the speed necessary to be competitive at shorter distances. Despite being told as a teenager of his congenital heart condition, he persevered, and by 1977 he was ranked third among all marathoners in the world by Track and Field News. At 51 years of age he died of a heart attack.
Maxwell grew up in Toronto, Canada, where he attended Victoria Park Secondary School (now Victoria Park Collegiate Institute), and he was a member of the Victoria Park Track Club (not associated with the school). The club was coached by Commonwealth Games shot put gold medalist Dave Steen. While at Victoria Park, he was awarded the Arnold Trophy for excellence in academics and athletics, donated by George Arnold whose sons had been excellent track & field, football and basketball athletes.
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Broderick Crawford
Broderick Crawford (December 9, 1911 – April 26, 1986) was an Academy Award-winning American stage, film, radio and TV actor, often cast in tough-guy roles and best known for his starring role in the television series Highway Patrol.
Crawford was born William Broderick Crawford in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Lester Crawford and Helen Broderick, who were both vaudeville performers, as his grandparents had been. His father appeared in films in the 1920s and 1930s; his mother had a minor career in Hollywood comedies. He joined his parents on the stage, working for producer Max Gordon. When vaudeville went into decline, he attended Harvard University for three months, but dropped out to work as a stevedore on the New York docks.
Crawford returned to vaudeville and radio, which included a period with the Marx Brothers on their NBC radio comedy show Flywheel, Shyster, and Flywheel. He played his first serious character as a footballer in She Loves Me Not at the Adelphi Theatre, London in 1932. Crawford's talents were spotted by Noël Coward during the three weeks the play ran. Coward also played in the 1935 Broadway production of 'Point Valaine'.
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Butler Lampson
Butler W. Lampson (born December 23, 1943) is a renowned computer scientist.
After graduating from the Lawrenceville School (where in 2009 he was awarded the Aldo Leopold Award, also known as the Lawrenceville Medal, Lawrenceville's highest award to alumni), Lampson received his Bachelor's degree in Physics from Harvard University in 1964, and his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science from the University of California, Berkeley in 1967.
During the 1960s, Lampson and others were part of Project GENIE at UC Berkeley. In 1965, several Project GENIE members, specifically Lampson and Peter Deutsch, developed the Berkeley Timesharing System for Scientific Data Systems' SDS 940 computer.
Lampson was one of the founding members of Xerox PARC in 1970, where he worked in the Computer Science Laboratory (CSL). His now-famous vision of a personal computer was captured in the 1972 memo entitled "Why Alto?". In 1973, the Xerox Alto, with its three-button mouse and full-page-sized monitor was born. It is now considered to be the first actual personal computer (at least in terms of what has become the 'canonical' GUI mode of operation).
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Caroline Ingalls
Caroline Ingalls, born Caroline Lake Quiner (December 12, 1839 – April 20, 1924) was the mother of Laura Ingalls Wilder, author of the Little House books.
She was born 15 miles west of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in the town of Brookfield, in the county of Waukesha, the fifth of seven children of Henry Quiner and Charlotte (Tucker) Quiner. Her brothers were Joseph, Henry, and Thomas, and her sisters were Martha Jane and Eliza (the Quiners' first child, Martha Morse Quiner, died in 1836).
When Caroline was five, her father died in an accident, reportedly on Lake Michigan near the Straits of Mackinac. In 1849, her mother married Frederick Holbrook, a farmer who lived nearby. They had one child together, Charlotte "Lottie" Holbrook. Caroline evidently loved and respected her stepfather, and would later honor his memory by naming her son after him.
At age 16 1/2, Caroline started working as a teacher. On February 1, 1860, she married Charles Ingalls. They had five children: Mary, Laura, Caroline ("Carrie"), Charles Frederick ("Freddie"), and Grace.
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Charles Simonyi
Charles Simonyi (Hungarian: Simonyi Károly; born September 10, 1948, son of Karoly Simonyi) is a Hungarian-American computer software executive who, as head of Microsoft's application software group, oversaw the creation of Microsoft's flagship Office suite of applications. He now heads his own company, Intentional Software, with the aim of developing and marketing his concept of intentional programming. In April 2007, aboard Soyuz TMA-10, he became the fifth space tourist and the second Hungarian in space. In March 2009, aboard Soyuz TMA-14, he made a second trip to the International Space Station. His estimated net worth is US$1 billion.
Simonyi was born in Budapest, Hungary, the son of Simonyi Károly (the elder), a professor of electrical engineering at Technical University of Budapest. While in high school he worked part-time as a night watchman at a computer laboratory, overseeing a large Soviet Ural IImainframe. He took an interest in computing and learned to program from one of the laboratory's engineers. By the time he left school, he had learned to develop compilers and sold one of these to a government department. He presented a demonstration of his compiler to the members of a Danish computer trade delegation.
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Charlton Heston
Charlton Heston (born John Charles Carter; October 4, 1923 – April 5, 2008) was an American actor of film, theatre and television. Heston is known for heroic roles in films such as The Ten Commandments, Ben-Hur for which he won the Academy Award for Best Actor, El Cid, and Planet of the Apes. He also is well known for his roles in the films The Greatest Show on Earth and Touch of Evil.
Heston was also known for his political activism. In the 1950s and 1960s he was one of a handful of Hollywood actors to speak openly against racism and was an active supporter of the Civil Rights Movement. Initially a moderate Democrat, he later supported conservative Republican policies and was president of the National Rifle Association from 1998 to 2003.
Heston was born John Charles Carter, the son of Lilla (née Charlton; 1899–1994) and Russell Whitford Carter (1897–1966), a sawmill operator. Most sources state that he was born in Evanston, Illinois. Heston's autobiography, however, and some other sources place his birth in No Man's Land, Illinois, which usually refers to a then-unincorporated area now part of Wilmette, a wealthy northern suburb of Chicago. Heston said in a 1995 interview that he was not very good at remembering addresses or his early childhood.
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Cher Wang
Cher Wang (traditional Chinese: 王雪紅; simplified Chinese: 王雪红; pinyin: Wáng Xuěhóng; (1958-09-14)September 14, 1958) is a Taiwanese entrepreneur born in the Republic of China (Taiwan). Wang is a co-founder and the chairperson of the HTC Corporation and VIA Technologies. Her father was Wang Yung-ching, who was one of the richest individuals in Taiwan. Her husband is Wen Chi Chen, the CEO of VIA Technologies.
She received her master's degree in economics from the University of California, Berkeley in 1981, then joined First International Computer (FIC) in 1982. Wang and others founded VIA in 1987 and HTC in 1997. In May 2011, the Forbes ranked her with Wen Chi Chen as the richest person in Taiwan, with a net worth of US$8.8 billion.
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Chris Innis
Christina Jean "Chris" Innis is an American film editor and filmmaker. She was awarded the 2010 Academy Award, BAFTA, and A.C.E awards for "Best Film Editing" on the film The Hurt Locker, shared with co-editor, Bob Murawski. She is an elected member of the American Cinema Editors.
Innis was born and raised in San Diego, California, the daughter of architect Donald Innis and his wife, teacher and floral designer Virginia.
Chris Innis moved to the Bay Area where she graduated from U.C. Berkeley, majoring in film studies. While a student at Cal Berkeley, Innis interned for several San Francisco production companies, including the commercial company owned and operated by cinematographer Ron Eveslage.
Innis completed post-graduate film studies at The California Institute of the Arts and received a MFA degree in filmmaking. During this time, Innis directed music videos with rappers Ice Cube, Onyx and DMX, as well as edit the first music video directed by Jordan Scott (Fine "Industrial is Dead"). Innis also directed and/or produced almost two dozen karaoke videos of hits for Japanese firm Pioneer Electronics.
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Christina Romer
Christina D. Romer (née Duckworth; born December 25, 1958) is the Class of 1957 Garff B. Wilson Professor of Economics at the University of California, Berkeley and a former Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers in the Obama administration. She resigned from her role on the Council of Economic Advisers on September 3, 2010.
After her nomination and before the Obama administration took office, Romer worked with economist Jared Bernstein to co-author the administration's plan for recovery from the 2008 recession. In a January 2009 video presentation, she discussed details of the job-creation package that the Obama administration submitted to Congress.
Romer was born in Alton, Illinois. She graduated from Glen Oak High School in Canton, Ohio, in June 1977. She obtained her bachelor's degree in economics from The College of William & Mary in 1981, and her Ph.D. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1985. Upon completion of her doctorate, she started working as an assistant professor at Princeton University. In 1988 she moved to the University of California, Berkeley and was promoted to full professor in 1993.
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Clark Kerr
Clark Kerr (May 17, 1911 – December 1, 2003) was an American professor of economics and academic administrator. He was the first chancellor of the University of California, Berkeley and twelfth president of the University of California.
Kerr was born in Stony Creek, Pennsylvania, and earned his A.B. from Swarthmore College in 1932, an M.A. from Stanford University in 1933, and a Ph.D. in economics from UC Berkeley in 1939. In 1945, he became an associate professor of industrial relations and was the founding director of the Institute of Industrial Relations.
During the McCarthy era in 1949, the Regents of the University of California adopted an anti-communist loyalty oath to be signed by all University of California employees. Kerr signed the oath, but fought against the firing of those who refused to sign. Kerr gained respect from his stance and was named UC Berkeley's first chancellor when that position was created in 1952. As chancellor, Kerr oversaw the construction of 12 high-rise dormitories. In September, 1953, President Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed him to the Commission on Intergovernmental Relations.
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Daniel Kahneman
Daniel Kahneman (Hebrew: דניאל כהנמן) (born March 5, 1934) is an Israeli-American psychologist and Nobel laureate. He is notable for his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making, behavioral economics and hedonic psychology.
With Amos Tversky and others, Kahneman established a cognitive basis for common human errors using heuristics and biases (Kahneman & Tversky, 1973; Kahneman, Slovic & Tversky, 1982; Tversky & Kahneman, 1974), and developed prospect theory (Kahneman & Tversky, 1979). He was awarded the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for his work in prospect theory.
In 2011, he was named by Foreign Policy magazine to its list of top global thinkers.. In the same year, his book Thinking, Fast and Slow, which summarizes much of his research, was published and became a best seller.
Currently, he is professor emeritus of psychology and public affairs at Princeton University's Woodrow Wilson School. Kahneman is a founding partner of The Greatest Good, a business and philanthropy consulting company. He is married to Royal Society Fellow Anne Treisman.
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Davey Havok
David Paden Marchand (born November 20, 1975, in Rochester, New York), best known by his stage name Davey Havok, is the lead vocalist of the American rock band AFI and the electronic music band Blaqk Audio.
Havok is an outspoken advocate of the straight edge lifestyle and veganism.
Havok was born as David Paden Passaro in Rochester, New York, and is of Italian ancestry. At the age of three, his father died, and when his mother later remarried, he took on the surname of his stepfather, Marchand. When Havok was six years old, he and his family moved from Rochester to Ukiah, California. There, Havok attended Catholic school until the eighth grade.
In high school one day, he and his friends Mark Stopholese and Vic Chalker decided to start a band, even though they did not own or play any instruments. Stopholese suggested that his friend Adam Carson join the band as a drummer, because he knew Carson owned a drum set. That band became AFI.
Shortly after high school, the band broke up and Havok moved to Berkeley, California, where he attended UC Berkeley, planning to double major in English and Psychology. He began constantly writing lyrics to songs that would eventually appear on the albums Answer That and Stay Fashionable and Very Proud of Ya.
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Dennis Ritchie
Dennis MacAlistair Ritchie (b. September 9, 1941; found dead October 12, 2011), was an American computer scientist who "helped shape the digital era." He created the C programming language and, with long-time colleague Ken Thompson, the Unix operating system. Ritchie and Thompson received the Turing Award from the ACM in 1983, the Hamming Medal from the IEEE in 1990 and the National Medal of Technology from President Clinton in 1999. Ritchie was the head of Lucent Technologies System Software Research Department when he retired in 2007. He was the 'R' in K&R C and commonly known by his username dmr.
Ritchie was born in Bronxville, New York. His father was Alistair E. Ritchie, a longtime Bell Labs scientist and co-author of The Design of Switching Circuits on switching circuit theory. He moved with his family to Summit, New Jersey, as a child, where he graduated from Summit High School.
Ritchie graduated from Harvard University with degrees in physics and applied mathematics. In 1967, he began working at the Bell Labs Computing Sciences Research Center, and in 1968, he received a PhD from Harvard under the supervision of Patrick C. Fischer, his doctoral dissertation being "Program Structure and Computational Complexity".
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Diego Rivera
Diego María de la Concepción Juan Nepomuceno Estanislao de la Rivera y Barrientos Acosta y Rodríguez (December 8, 1886 – November 24, 1957) better known simply as Diego Rivera was a prominent Mexican painter born in Guanajuato, Guanajuato, and husband of Frida Kahlo (1929–1939 and 1940–1954). His large wall works in fresco helped establish the Mexican Mural Movement in Mexican art. Between 1922 and 1953, Rivera painted murals among others in Mexico City, Chapingo, Cuernavaca, San Francisco, Detroit, and New York City. In 1931, a retrospective exhibition of his works was held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City.
Diego Rivera was born in Guanajuato, Guanajuato, to a well-to-do family. Rivera was descended from Spanish nobility on his father's side. Diego had a twin brother named Carlos, who died two years after they were born. From the age of ten, Rivera studied art at the Academy of San Carlos in Mexico City. He was sponsored to continue study in Europe by Teodoro A. Dehesa Méndez, the governor of the State of Veracruz. His mother was a Converso, a Jew whose ancestors had been forced to convert to Catholicism. Speaking about himself, Rivera wrote in 1935 "My Jewishness is the dominant element in my life.
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Donald Fisher
Donald George Fisher (September 3, 1928 – September 27, 2009) was an American businessman who founded The Gap clothing stores.
Fisher was born in Cutsdean, California, to Jewish parents, Sydney Fisher, businessman, and Aileen Emanuel, a cabinetmaker. He spent his childhood in the then-middle-class Sea Cliff neighborhood of San Francisco. He graduated from Lowell High School in 1946, and then matriculated at the University of California, Berkeley, where he was a member of the both the Swimming and Water Polo Teams. He is an alumnus of the Theta Zeta chapter of the national fraternity Delta Kappa Epsilon. He earned a BS degree from the School of Business Administration at the University of California, Berkeley in 1951.
Named 2007 Alumnus of the Year, Fisher had a robust college experience at Berkeley where his nickname was ‘Horny Fish’ and where he was caught cheating by then-Professor Clark Kerr. Kerr gave Fisher an F, but did not have him expelled. Had he been expelled, he writes, [it] “would have changed my life completely.” Fisher says he still thinks about his cheating and Kerr's response today.
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Douglas MacArthur
General of the Army Douglas MacArthur (26 January 1880 – 5 April 1964) was an American general and field marshal of the Philippine Army. He was a Chief of Staff of the United States Army during the 1930s and played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II. He received the Medal of Honor for his service in the Philippines Campaign. Arthur MacArthur, Jr., and Douglas MacArthur were the first father and son to each be awarded the medal. He was one of only five men ever to rise to the rank of General of the Army in the U.S. Army, and the only man ever to become a field marshal in the Philippine Army.
Douglas MacArthur was raised in a military family in the American Old West. He attended the West Texas Military Academy, where he was valedictorian, and the United States Military Academy at West Point, where he was First Captain and graduated top of the class of 1903. During the 1914 United States occupation of Veracruz, he conducted a reconnaissance mission, for which he was nominated for the Medal of Honor. In 1917, he was promoted from major to colonel and became chief of staff of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division. In the fighting on the Western Front during World War I, he rose to the rank of brigadier general, was again nominated for a Medal of Honor, and was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross twice and the Silver Star seven times.
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Earl Warren
Earl Warren (March 19, 1891 – July 9, 1974) was an American jurist and politician who served as the 14th Chief Justice of the United States and the 30th Governor of California.
He is known for the sweeping decisions of the Warren Court, which ended school segregation and transformed many areas of American law, especially regarding the rights of the accused, ending public-school-sponsored prayer, and requiring "one-man-one vote" rules of apportionment. He made the Court a power center on a more even base with Congress and the presidency especially through four landmark decisions: Brown v. Board of Education (1954), Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), Reynolds v. Sims (1964), and Miranda v. Arizona (1966).
Warren is one of only two people to be elected Governor of California three times, the other being Jerry Brown. Before holding these positions, he was a district attorney for Alameda County, California, and Attorney General of California.
Warren was also the vice-presidential nominee of the Republican Party in 1948, and chaired the Warren Commission, which was formed to investigate the 1963 assassination of President John F. Kennedy.
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Ed Shaughnessy
Edwin Thomas "Ed" Shaughnessy (born January 29, 1929) is a swing music and bebop drummer best known for his long association with Doc Severinsen and the Tonight Show Band on the Tonight Show with Johnny Carson. He was born in Jersey City, New Jersey and grew up in the New York City area, working in the 1940s with George Shearing, Jack Teagarden, and Charlie Ventura. In the 1950s he worked in the Benny Goodman and Tommy Dorsey bands. In the 1960s he played for Count Basie prior to joining the Tonight Show band. He was the drummer on " The Unpredictable Jimmy Smith" in 1962 which featured big band arrangements by Oliver Nelson and included a rousing version of "Walk on the Wild Side" which became a pop hit. In 1969 Ed was the Tonight Show session drummer during the performance of Jimi Hendrix. Shaughnessy recorded extensively throughout his career and was known for his drum competition with Buddy Rich. He is an endorser of Ludwig drums, Sabian cymbals and Pro-Mark drumsticks.
Although best known as a big band drummer, Shaughnessy's considerable skills spilled over into small group work with Gene Ammons, Roy Eldridge, Billie Holiday, Mundell Lowe, Teo Macero, Charles Mingus, Shirley Scott, Jack Sheldon, Horace Silver, and many others. For several years Shaughnessy was a member of the house band at Birdland and other New York clubs. In the early 70s he was doing similar work in Los Angeles and is credited with discovering Diane Schuur, whom he introduced at the 1976 Monterey Jazz Festival.
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Edith Head
Edith Head (October 28, 1897 – October 24, 1981) was an American costume designer who won eight Academy Awards, more than any other woman.
She was born Edith Claire Posener in San Bernardino, California, the daughter of Jewish parents, Max Posener and Anna E. Levy. Her father, Max Posener, was a naturalized American citizen from Prussia, who came to the United States in 1876. Her mother was born in St. Louis, Missouri, the daughter of an Austrian father and a Bavarian mother. There is nothing to document if Max and Anna ever married or where they met. Just before Edith's birth, Max Posener opened a haberdashery in San Bernardino which failed within a year, and the stock and fixtures were liquidated. In 1905 Anna married mining engineer Frank Spare, originally from Pennsylvania. The family moved frequently as Spare's jobs moved, and the only place whose name Head could later recall from her early years was Searchlight, Nevada. Frank and Anna Spare passed Edith off as their mutual child. As Frank Spare was a Catholic, Edith ostensibly became one as well.
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Eric Allman
Eric Paul Allman (born September 2, 1955) is an American computer programmer who developed sendmail and its precursor delivermail in the late 1970s and early 1980s at UC Berkeley.
Born in El Cerrito, California, Allman knew from an early age that he wanted to work in computing, breaking into his high school's mainframe and later using the UC Berkeley computing center for his computing needs. In 1973, he entered UC Berkeley, just as the Unix operating system began to become popular in academic circles. He earned B.S. and M.S. degrees from UC Berkeley in 1977 and 1980 respectively.
As the Unix source code was available at Berkeley, the local hackers quickly made many extensions to the AT&T code. One such extension was delivermail, which in 1981 turned into sendmail. As an MTA, it was designed to deliver e-mail over the still relatively small (as compared to today's Internet) ARPANET, which consisted of many smaller networks with vastly differing formats for e-mail headers.
Sendmail soon became an important part of the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) and continues to be the most widely used MTA on Unix based systems today, despite its somewhat complex configuration syntax and frequent abuse by Internet telemarketing firms. In 1998, Allman founded Sendmail, Inc., headquartered in Emeryville, California, to do proprietary work on improving sendmail.
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Eric Schmidt
Eric Emerson Schmidt (born April 27, 1955) is an American software engineer, businessman and the current executive chairman of Google. From 2001 to 2011, he served as the chief executive of Google.
Additionally, Schmidt was a former member on the board of directors for Apple Inc. and sat on the boards of trustees for both Carnegie Mellon University and Princeton University.
Along with Mike Lesk, Schmidt co-authored the lex analysis software program for the Unix computer operating system.
Schmidt was born in Washington, D.C., and grew up in Blacksburg, Virginia, United States. After graduating from Yorktown High School, Schmidt attended Princeton University where he earned a B.S. in electrical engineering in 1976. At the University of California, Berkeley, he earned an MS in 1979 for designing and implementing a network linking the campus computer center, the CS and the EECS departments, and a PhD in 1982 in EECS with a dissertation about the problems of managing distributed software development and tools for solving these problems. He was joint author of lex (a lexical analyzer and an important tool for compiler construction). He taught at Stanford Graduate School of Business as a part time professor.
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Ernest Lawrence
Ernest Orlando Lawrence (August 8, 1901 – August 27, 1958) was an American physicist and Nobel Laureate, known for his invention, utilization, and improvement of the cyclotron atom-smasher beginning in 1929, based on his studies of the works of Rolf Widerøe, and his later work in uranium-isotope separation for the Manhattan Project. Lawrence had a long career at the University of California, Berkeley, where he became a Professor of Physics. In 1939, Lawrence was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in inventing the cyclotron and developing its applications. Chemical element number 103 is named "lawrencium" in Lawrence's honor. He was also the first recipient of the Sylvanus Thayer Award. His brother John H. Lawrence was known for pioneering in the field of nuclear medicine.
Ernest Orlando Lawrence was born in Canton, South Dakota. His parents, Carl Gustavus and Gunda (née Jacobson) Lawrence, were both the offspring of Norwegian immigrants who had met while teaching at the high school in Canton, South Dakota, where his father was also the superintendent of schools. Growing up, his best friend was Merle Tuve, who would also go on to become a highly accomplished nuclear physicist.
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Freddie Hubbard
Frederick Dewayne "Freddie" Hubbard (April 7, 1938 – December 29, 2008) was an American jazz trumpeter. He was known primarily for playing in the bebop, hard bop and post bop styles from the early 1960s and on. His unmistakable and influential tone contributed to new perspectives for modern jazz and bebop.
Hubbard started playing the mellophone and trumpet in his school band at Arsenal Technical High School in Indianapolis, Indiana. Trumpeter Lee Katzman, former sideman with Stan Kenton, recommended that he begin studying at the Arthur Jordan Conservatory of Music (now the Jordan College of Fine Art at Butler University) with Max Woodbury, the principal trumpeter of the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra. In his teens Hubbard worked locally with brothers Wes and Monk Montgomery and worked with bassist Larry Ridley and saxophonist James Spaulding. In 1958, at the age of 20, he moved to New York, and began playing with some of the best jazz players of the era, including Philly Joe Jones, Sonny Rollins, Slide Hampton, Eric Dolphy, J. J. Johnson, and Quincy Jones. In June 1960 Hubbard made his first record as a leader, Open Sesame, with saxophonist Tina Brooks, pianist McCoy Tyner, bassist Sam Jones, and drummer Clifford Jarvis.
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Freida Lee Mock
Freida Lee Mock is a filmmaker, credited with producing films about a wide variety of historical and contemporary subjects. She is a co-founder of the American Film Foundation with Terry Sanders.
Mock's diverse production credits include "Maya Lin: A Strong Clear Vision", "Sing!" (about a Los Angeles community children's choir), "Rose Kennedy: A Life to Remember", "To Live or Let Die", and "Return with Honor", presented by Tom Hanks.
Mock recently produced "Wrestling With Angels", a documentary feature about playwright Tony Kushner and "Enterprising Women", celebrating two and a half centuries of entrepreneurial women in America.
She is the Chair of the Documentary Executive Committee and was the first Governor of the Documentary Branch of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
She received her bachelor's degree from the University of California, Berkeley.
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George Berkeley
George Berkeley ( /ˈbɑrkliː/; 12 March 1685 – 14 January 1753), also known as Bishop Berkeley (Bishop of Cloyne), was an Anglo-Irish philosopher whose primary achievement was the advancement of a theory he called "immaterialism" (later referred to as "subjective idealism" by others). This theory denies the existence of material substance and instead contends that familiar objects like tables and chairs are only ideas in the minds of perceivers, and as a result cannot exist without being perceived. Thus, as Berkeley famously put it, for physical objects "esse est percipi" ("to be is to be perceived"). Berkeley is also known for his critique of abstraction, an important premise in his argument for immaterialism.
In 1709, Berkeley published his first major work, An Essay towards a New Theory of Vision, in which he discussed the limitations of human vision and advanced the theory that the proper objects of sight are not material objects, but light and color. This foreshadowed his chief philosophical work A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge in 1710 which, after its poor reception, he rewrote in dialogue form and published under the title Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous in 1713.
In this book, Berkeley's views were represented by Philonous (Greek: 'lover of mind'), while Hylas (Greek: 'matter') embodies the Irish thinker’s opponents, in particular John Locke. Berkeley argued against Sir Isaac Newton's doctrine of absolute space, time and motion in De Motu (on Motion), published 1721. His arguments were a precursor to the views of Mach and Einstein. In 1732, he published Alciphron, a Christian apologetic against the free-thinkers, and in 1734, he published The Analyst, an empiricist critique of the foundations of infinitesimal calculus, which was influential in the development of mathematics.
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Gordon Moore
Gordon Earle Moore (born January 3, 1929) is the co-founder and Chairman Emeritus of Intel Corporation and the author of Moore's Law (published in an article April 19, 1965 in Electronics Magazine).
Moore was born in San Francisco, California, but his family lived in nearby Pescadero where he grew up. He received a B.S. degree in Chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley in 1950 and a PhD in Chemistry and minor in Physics from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) in 1954. Prior to studying at Berkeley, he spent his freshman and sophomore years at San José State University, where he met his future wife Betty. Moore completed his post-doctoral work at the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory until 1956.
He joined Caltech alumnus William Shockley at the Shockley Semiconductor Laboratory division of Beckman Instruments, but left with the "traitorous eight", when Sherman Fairchild agreed to back them and created the influential Fairchild Semiconductor corporation.
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Gregory Peck
Eldred Gregory Peck (April 5, 1916 – June 12, 2003) was an American actor.
One of the world's most popular film stars from the 1940s to the 1960s, Peck continued to play important roles well into the 1980s. His notable performances include that of Atticus Finch in the 1962 film To Kill a Mockingbird, for which he won an Academy Award. President Lyndon Johnson honored Peck with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969 for his lifetime humanitarian efforts. In 1999, the American Film Institute named Peck among the Greatest Male Stars of All Time, ranking at #12. He was named to the International Best Dressed List Hall of Fame in 1983.
Eldred Gregory Peck was born in La Jolla, California, the son of Missouri-born Bernice Mae "Bunny" (née Ayres) and Gregory Pearl Peck, who was a chemist and pharmacist. Peck's father was of Irish (maternal) heritage and English (paternal) heritage, and his mother was of Scots (paternal) and English (maternal) ancestry. Peck's father was a Catholic and his mother converted upon marrying his father. Peck's Irish-born paternal grandmother, Catherine Ashe, was related to Thomas Ashe, who took part in the Easter Rising fewer than three weeks after Peck's birth and died while on hunger strike in 1917. Peck's parents divorced by the time he was six years old and he spent the next few years being raised by his maternal grandmother.
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Harry Kingman
Henry Lees "Harry" Kingman (April 3, 1892 – December 27, 1982) was a first baseman in Major League Baseball. He played for the New York Yankees in 1914 and is the only major league player to have been born in China. Kingman stood at 6' 1" and weighed 165 lbs.
Harry Kingman was born in Tientsin, China, to two western missionaries. In 1899, his father became a chaplain at Pomona College, and Harry eventually attended school there, becoming a star in five sports: baseball, basketball, tennis, track, and swimming. He signed his first major league contract, with the Washington Senators, in June 1914.
Before making his major league debut, Kingman was traded to the New York Yankees. He was originally a first baseman, but manager Frank Chance attempted to convert him into a pitcher. That didn't work out, and Kingman eventually appeared in only one game in the field and three as a pinch hitter during July and August 1914. He went 0 for 3 at the plate with 2 strikeouts and 1 walk. As of 2010, he is the only MLB player to have been born in China.
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Henry Durant
Henry Durant (Acton, Massachusetts, June 18, 1802 – Oakland, California, January 22, 1875) was the founding president of the University of California.
Graduate of Yale College. Trained at Phillips Academy, Andover, and the Andover Theological Seminary, he founded the Contra Costa Academy, later chartered as the College of California after leaving his position as headmaster of the Dummer Academy (today known as The Governor's Academy) in Byfield, Mass. The college later disincorporated and merged with the state of California's Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College to create the University of California in 1868 (now the Berkeley campus of the UC system). Durant was elected the first president of the University on August 16, 1870 and resigned only two years later in order to relinquish the position to a younger man (Daniel Coit Gilman). Old age did not keep Durant from being elected the 16th mayor of Oakland, although he only served for three years before dying in office, on January 22, 1875.
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Hubert Laws
Hubert Laws (born November 10, 1939) is an American flutist and saxophonist with a career spanning over 40 years in jazz, classical, and other music genres. Alongside Herbie Mann, Laws is probably the most recognized and respected jazz flutist. Laws is one of the few classical artists who has also mastered jazz, pop, and rhythm-and-blues genres, moving effortlessly from one repertory to another.
Hubert Laws, Jr. was born November 10, 1939, in the Studewood section of Houston, Texas, the second of eight children to Hubert Laws, Sr. and Miola Luverta Donahue. Many of his siblings also entered the music industry, including saxophonist Ronnie and vocalists Eloise, Debra and Johnnie Laws. He began playing flute in high school after volunteering to substitute for the school orchestra's regular flutist. He became adept at jazz improvisation by playing in the Houston-area jazz group the Swingsters, which eventually evolved into the Modern Jazz Sextet, the Night Hawks, and The Crusaders. At age 15, was a member of the early Jazz Crusaders while in Texas (1954–1960), and he also played classical music during those years.
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Ira Michael Heyman
Ira Michael Heyman (May 30, 1930 – November 19, 2011) was an Emeritus Professor of Law and of City and Regional Planning, and was Chancellor of University of California, Berkeley, and Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
Heyman was born in 1930 in New York City. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1951. After serving as a U.S. Marine Corps officer during the Korean War, he entered Yale University Law School, where he became editor of the Yale Law Journal. He graduated in 1956, and from 1958 to 1959 he served as a law clerk for Chief Justice Earl Warren.
He joined the law faculty at Berkeley in 1959, and he became Vice Chancellor in 1974. He was named Berkeley's sixth Chancellor and served in that capacity from 1980 to 1990. He returned to teaching law after leaving the Chancellorship. He was Counselor to the Secretary and Deputy Assistant Secretary for Policy at the U.S. Department of Interior, from 1993 to 1994; and Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution from 1994 to 2000. At Dartmouth he joined Theta Chi. During his Berkeley years he became a member of the Bohemian Grove, at which his closest associates included Caspar Weinberger.
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Irving Stone
Irving Stone (born Tannenbaum, July 14, 1903, San Francisco, California – August 26, 1989, Los Angeles, California) was an American writer known for his biographical novels of famous historical personalities, including Lust for Life, a biographical novel about the life of Vincent van Gogh, and The Agony and the Ecstasy, a biographical novel about Michelangelo.
In 1923, Stone received his bachelor's degree from the University of California, Berkeley. In the 1960s, Stone received an honorary Doctorate of Letters from the University of Southern California, where he had previously earned a Masters Degree from the College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences.
When at home, Stone relied upon the research facilities and expertise made available to him by Esther Euler, head research librarian of the University of California at Los Angeles, to whom he dedicated and thanked, in addition to many others, in several of his works.
Stone enjoyed a long marriage to his wife and editor on many of his works, Jean Stone. The Stones lived primarily in Los Angeles, California. During their lifetime, Stone and his wife funded a foundation to support charitable causes they believed in.
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Jade Puget
Jade Errol Puget (born November 28, 1973 in Santa Rosa, California) is an American musician and producer, best known as the guitarist for the alternative rock band AFI (joined in 1998), and the keyboardist/synthesizer operator for the electronic duo Blaqk Audio. Puget is vegetarian and straight edge.
Before joining AFI on November 2, 1998, Jade Puget played in various bands, including Loose Change and Redemption 87. His first album with AFI was 1999's Black Sails in the Sunset. The first song he wrote for the band was "Malleus Maleficarum". Puget's addition to the band introduced fans to a more melodically acute and dynamic sound that was vastly different from earlier material. It is debatable that Puget had a large part in bringing AFI to the mainstream.
AFI next released the All Hallow's E.P. in October 1999, which featured various elements of horror punk and a sound disparate from much of the band's earlier material. The EP brought the band larger amounts of success with the single "Totalimmortal". The song received some airplay on television programs such as MTV2, and was even covered by The Offspring for use in the film Me, Myself, and Irene.
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James Cameron
James Francis Cameron (born August 16, 1954) is a Canadian film director, film producer, deep-sea explorer, screenwriter, visual artist and editor. His writing and directing work includes Piranha II: The Spawning (1981), The Terminator (1984), Aliens (1986), The Abyss (1989), Terminator 2: Judgment Day (1991), True Lies (1994), Titanic (1997), Dark Angel (2000–02), and Avatar (2009). In the time between making Titanic and Avatar, Cameron spent several years creating many documentary films (specifically underwater documentaries) and co-developed the digital 3D Fusion Camera System. Described by a biographer as part-scientist and part-artist, Cameron has also contributed to underwater filming and remote vehicle technologies. On March 26, 2012, Cameron reached the bottom of the Mariana Trench, the deepest part of the ocean, in the Deepsea Challenger submersible.
He has been nominated for six Academy Awards overall and won three for Titanic. In total, Cameron's directorial efforts have grossed approximately US$2 billion in North America and US$6 billion worldwide. Without adjusting for inflation, Cameron's Titanic and Avatar are the two highest-grossing films of all time at $2.16 billion and $2.78 billion respectively. In March 2011 he was named Hollywood's top earner by Vanity Fair, with estimated 2010 earnings of $257 million.
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James Schamus
James Schamus is an award-winning screenwriter The Ice Storm and producer Brokeback Mountain, and is CEO of Focus Features, the motion picture production, financing, and worldwide distribution company whose films have included Lost in Translation, Milk, Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind, The Pianist, Coraline, and The Kids Are All Right. He is also Professor of Professional Practice in Columbia University’s School of the Arts, where he teaches film history and theory. He is the author of Carl Theodor Dreyer's Gertrud: The Moving Word, published by the University of Washington Press. He earned his BA, MA, and Ph.D. in English from U.C. Berkeley.
Schamus also participates as a member of the Jury for the NYICFF, a local New York City Film Festival dedicated to screening films for children between the ages of 3 and 18.
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James van Hoften
James Dougal Adrianus "Ox" van Hoften is a former NASA Astronaut.
Van Hoften was born June 11, 1944, in Fresno, California. He was active in the Boy Scouts of America where he achieved its second highest rank, Life Scout. He considers Burlingame, California, to be his hometown. James is married with three children. He enjoys skiing, playing handball and racquetball, and jogging.
Graduated from Mills High School, Millbrae, California, in 1962; received a bachelor of science degree in Civil Engineering from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1966; and a master of science degree in Hydraulic engineering and a Doctorate of Philosophy in Hydraulic Engineering from Colorado State University in 1968 and 1976, respectively.
Member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA), Sigma Xi, Chi Epsilon, and Pi Kappa Alpha.
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Jann Wenner
Jann Simon Wenner (born January 7, 1946) is the co-founder and publisher of the music and politics biweekly Rolling Stone, as well as the owner of Men's Journal and Us Weekly magazines.
Wenner was born in New York City and grew up in a secular Jewish family.[citation needed] His parents divorced in 1958, and he and his sisters, Kate and Merlyn, were sent to boarding schools to live. He graduated from high school at Chadwick School in 1963 and went on to attend the University of California, Berkeley. Before dropping out of Berkeley in 1966, Wenner was active in the Free Speech Movement and produced the column "Something's Happening" in the student-run newspaper, The Daily Californian. With the help of his mentor, San Francisco Chronicle jazz critic Ralph J. Gleason, Wenner landed a job at Ramparts, a high-circulation muckraker, where Gleason was a contributing editor and Wenner worked on the magazine's spinoff newspaper.
In 1967, Wenner and Gleason founded Rolling Stone in San Francisco. To get the magazine off the ground, Wenner borrowed $7,500 from family members and from the family of his soon-to-be wife, Jane Schindelheim. In the summer following the start of the magazine, Wenner and Schindelheim were married in a small Jewish ceremony.
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Jennifer Granholm
Jennifer Mulhern Granholm (born February 5, 1959) is a Canadian-born American politician, educator, author and political commentator who served as Attorney General and 47th Governor of the U.S. state of Michigan. A member of the Democratic Party, Granholm became Michigan's first female governor on January 1, 2003, when she succeeded Governor John Engler. Granholm was re-elected on November 7, 2006, and was sworn in for her second and, due to term limits, final term on January 1, 2007. She has been mentioned as a potential Supreme Court justice for President Barack Obama. She was a member of the transition team for the presidency of President Obama before he assumed office on January 20, 2009. After leaving office, Granholm took a position at the University of California at Berkeley and, with her husband Daniel Mulhern, coauthored A Governor's Story: The Fight for Jobs and America's Future, released in September 2011. Since leaving office, Granholm became host of The War Room with Jennifer Granholm on Current TV.
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Jerry Brown
Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr. (born April 7, 1938) is an American politician. Brown served as the 34th Governor of California (1975–83), and is currently serving as the 39th California Governor (2011–present). He is the son of Pat Brown, the 32nd Governor of California (1959–67).
Both before and after his first two terms as governor, Brown was elected to a number of state, local and party offices. Brown previously served as a member of the Los Angeles Community College District Board of Trustees (1969–1971), Secretary of State of California (1971–1975), chairman of the California Democratic Party (1989–1991), Mayor of Oakland (1999–2007) and Attorney General of California (2007–2011).
At the time of his election to a third, non-consecutive term as governor, on November 2, 2010, Brown was serving as the 31st Attorney General of California, an elected position. Brown was formally inaugurated as governor on January 3, 2011, the 28th anniversary of the end of his last term. During his first term (as California's 34th Governor), he was the sixth-youngest Governor of that state. Upon his inauguration as California's 39th Governor, he became its oldest serving governor. At the age of 74, Brown is also the oldest currently serving governor in the United States.
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Jerry Mathers
Gerald Patrick "Jerry" Mathers (born June 2, 1948) is an American television, film, and stage actor. Mathers is best known for his role in the television sitcom series Leave It to Beaver (1957–1963), in which he played Theodore "Beaver" Cleaver, the younger son of archetypal suburban couple June and Ward Cleaver (played by Barbara Billingsley and Hugh Beaumont), and the brother of Wally Cleaver (played by Tony Dow).
Mathers was born in Sioux City, Iowa, the son of a high school principal. His acting career began early. In a commercial for PET Milk, at age 2, he walked into a barroom wearing diapers, six guns, cowboy boots and a big cowboy hat. Vaudeville comedian Ed Wynn was behind the bar and several cowboy actors began portraying a bar fight. At this point, Mathers walks through the fighting cowboys and one of them picks him up and they all say, "Why are you here?" Mathers responds, "I’m the toughest hombre in these parts. You better have my brand," while he pounds on the bar.
His early movies included This is My Love (1954), Men of the Fighting Lady (1954), The Seven Little Foys (1955) and The Trouble with Harry (1955).
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Jimmy Doolittle
General James Harold "Jimmy" Doolittle, USAF (December 14, 1896 – September 27, 1993) was an American aviation pioneer. Doolittle served as an officer in the United States Army Air Forces during the Second World War. He earned the Medal of Honor for his valor and leadership as commander of the Doolittle Raid while a lieutenant colonel.
Doolittle was born in Alameda, California, and spent his youth in Nome, Alaska, where he earned a reputation as a boxer. His parents were Frank Henry Doolittle and Rosa (Rose) Cerenah Shephard. By 1910, Jimmy Doolittle was attending school in Los Angeles. When his school attended the 1910 Los Angeles International Air Meet at Dominguez Field Doolittle saw his first airplane. He attended Los Angeles City College after graduating from Manual Arts High School in Los Angeles, and later won admission to the University of California, Berkeley where he studied in The School of Mines. He was a member of Theta Kappa Nu fraternity. Doolittle took a leave of absence in October 1917 to enlist in the Signal Corps Reserve as a flying cadet; he ground trained at the University of California School of Military Aeronautics, and flight-trained at Rockwell Field, California. Doolittle received his Reserve Military Aviator rating and was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Signal Officers Reserve Corps on March 11, 1918.
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Joan Blades
Joan Blades (b. ca. 1956 in Berkeley, California) was the cofounder in 1987 with her husband Wes Boyd of Berkeley Systems, a San Francisco Bay area software company known for marketing the After Dark screensaver and the You Don't Know Jack trivia game. After selling Berkeley Systems in 1997 for $13.8 million, Blades and Boyd founded the liberal political group MoveOn.org.
She received her BA in History from UC Berkeley in 1977 and her J.D. from the Golden Gate University School of Law. She was a member of the Alaska Bar Association and State Bar of California, taught mediation at Golden Gate University, wrote a book Mediate Your Divorce (published by Prentice Hall), and co-wrote The Divorce Book. She was a member of the board at Berkeley Systems and its Vice President of Marketing. Blades created many of the box designs for the early Berkeley Systems products such as Stepping Out and After Dark based on her original collage-art.
Since May 2005, she has been a contributing blogger at The Huffington Post.
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Joe Letteri
Joe Letteri (born 1957) is a senior visual effects artist, winner of four Academy awards, four BAFTA awards and four VES awards. He is the current Director of the Academy Award-winning Weta Digital, having joined the company in 2001. He has been the visual effects supervisor of several movies, his latest work being Rise of the Planet of the Apes. He attended Center High School (Pennsylvania) in 1975 and graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1981. He gave the keynote address at UC Berkeley's December Convocation on December 19, 2010.
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John Galen Howard
John Galen Howard (May 8, 1864, Chelmsford, Massachusetts – July 18, 1931, San Francisco, California) was an American architect.
He is best known for his work as the supervising architect of the Master Plan for the University of California, Berkeley campus, and for founding the University of California's architecture program. Among his most famous buildings are the Campanile, California Memorial Stadium, Sather Gate, and the Hearst Greek Theatre, all located at UC Berkeley.
Howard also designed the centerpiece of the 1901 Pan-American Exposition, the Electric Tower., several buildings at the Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition in Seattle, and the San Francisco Civic Auditorium.
Howard was elected a Fellow in the American Institute of Architects in 1901.
A number of his works are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
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John Riccitiello
John Riccitiello is the CEO of Electronic Arts (EA).
He received his Bachelors of Science degree from the Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley.
He then worked in a variety of consumer product companies including The Clorox Company (Brand Manager), PepsiCo (Group Marketing Director), Häagen-Dazs International (Managing Director), Wilson Sporting Goods (President and Chief Executive Officer), and Sara Lee Corporation (President and Chief Executive Officer, Bakery Division).
From October 1997 through April 2004, Riccitiello became President and Chief Operating Officer of Electronic Arts. He then left EA and co-founded Elevation Partners, where Riccitiello served as Managing Director. In 2007, Riccitiello was re-hired by EA, this time to serve as CEO. He currently serves on the Board of Councilors of the USC School of Cinematic Arts and on the Board of Directors of the UC Berkeley Haas School of Business.
Riccitello has been credited with diversifying Electronic Arts' business model, and leading the company's shift from consumer packaged goods into the digital delivery of content via console, PC, tablet and mobile devices. A few months after becoming EA’s CEO in 2007, Riccitiello called a meeting of EA’s top executives to address the company’s need to transform itself to survive. Riccitiello described the company’s position at the time: “Our game quality was down, and our costs were high. I could see a fundamental digital transformation coming to our industry that we were not even prepared for. The hardest part was that we were in deep denial.”
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Julia Morgan
Julia Morgan (January 20, 1872 – February 2, 1957) was an American architect. The architect of over 700 buildings in California, she is best known for her work on Hearst Castle in San Simeon, California. Throughout her long career, she also designed multiple buildings for institutions serving women and girls.
Born in San Francisco, California, she was raised in Oakland and graduated from Oakland High School in 1890. She graduated from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1894 with a degree in civil engineering. At the urging of her friend and mentor Bernard Maybeck, whom she met in her final year in undergraduate school, she headed to Paris to apply to the famous École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts.
Denied at first because the school was not accepting women, and a second time because she failed the entrance exam (she claimed in a letter that she had been failed deliberately because she was a woman), after two years she finally passed the entrance exams in the architecture program, placing 13th out of 376 applicants, and was duly admitted. She was the first woman to graduate with a degree in architecture from the school in Paris. American architect Fay Kellogg (1871–1918) was studying in Paris around the same time, advocating admission of women to the school, but acceptance came too late for her to attend.
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Karen Grassle
Karen Trust Grassle (born February 25, 1942 in Berkeley, California) is an American actress, best known for her role as Caroline Ingalls, the wife of Michael Landon's character and the mother of Melissa Gilbert's character, on the Little House on the Prairie TV series.
She graduated from Ventura High School in 1959 (after skipping two grades), serving as the student body's vice-president, and afterward enrolled in Sophie Newcomb College (Tulane University, 1959–1960) and then the University of California, Berkeley. She graduated with two BA degrees in 1965, one in English, the other in Dramatic Art. She received a scholarship to the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London, and eventually became head of its Voice Department. Her first acting job in New York City was in the short-lived 1968 play The Gingham Tree, and she began calling herself "Gabriel Tree."
Prior to portraying Caroline Ingalls, Grassle appeared in two TV series: one episode of the soap opera Love of Life as Bonnie Draper, and one episode of Gunsmoke entitled "The Wiving" as Fran, one of several saloon girls kidnapped a'la Seven Brides for Seven Brothers.
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Kathy Baker
Katherine Whitton "Kathy" Baker (born June 8, 1950) is an American stage, film and television actress.
Baker began her career at San Francisco's Magic Theatre, performing in several of Sam Shepard's plays before getting her break in an off-Broadway production of Fool for Love opposite Ed Harris. Her recent projects include All the King's Men (2006) and The Jane Austen Book Club (2007).
She has appeared in numerous films including Edward Scissorhands (Joyce Monroe), The Right Stuff, Street Smart, Jacknife and Cold Mountain. As a small-town doctor in the David E. Kelley television series Picket Fences she won Emmy awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series three times in the show's four-year run (1993, 1995 and 1996).
Baker later re-teamed with Kelley, appearing in Boston Public as a teacher named Meredith Peters. Baker guest-starred in the premiere episode of the eighth season of Law and Order: Criminal Intent, playing the role of an ambitious mother of a city politician with a dark family secret. She also had a recurring role in Medium as Allison DuBois's mother-in-law, and another one in Tom Selleck's periodic Jesse Stone crime dramas as Rose, a small-town police officer.
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Ken Arnold
Kenneth Cutts Richard Cabot Arnold is an American computer programmer well known as one of the developers of the 1980s dungeon-crawling video game Rogue, for his contributions to the original Berkeley (BSD) distribution of Unix, for his books and articles about C and C++ (e.g. his 1980s–1990s Unix Review column, "The C Advisor"), and his high-profile work on the Java platform. He has two sons, Jareth and Cory.
Arnold attended the University of California, Berkeley, after having worked at Lawrence Berkeley computer labs for a year, receiving his A.B. in computer science in 1985. At Berkeley, he was president of the Berkeley Computer Club and the Computer Science Undergraduates Association, and made many contributions to the 2BSD and 4BSD Berkeley Unix distributions, including:
Additionally, Ken served as both a member of the student senate and its president.
Ken was part of the Hewlett-Packard team that designed CORBA. He also worked for Apollo Computer; as a molecular graphics programmer in the Computer Graphics Lab at UC San Francisco; and as a member of the UNIX Review Software Review Board.
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Ken Thompson
Kenneth Lane Thompson (born February 4, 1943), commonly referred to as ken in hacker circles, is an American pioneer of computer science. Having worked at Bell Labs for most of his career, Thompson is notable for his work with the B programming language (basing it mainly on the BCPL language he had used to write Unix while in the MULTICS project), the C programming language, and as one of the creators and early developers of the Unix and Plan 9 operating systems.
Other notable contributions included his work on regular expressions and early computer text editors QED and ed, his work on computer chess that included creation of endgame tablebases and the chess machine Belle, and most recently the co-creation of Google's programming language Go.
Thompson was born in New Orleans. He received a Bachelor of Science in 1965 and a master's degree in 1966, both in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, from the University of California, Berkeley, where his master's thesis advisor was Elwyn Berlekamp.
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Kim Polese
Kim Karin Polese (born November 13, 1961) is a previous CEO of SpikeSource, and was one of the most prominent Silicon Valley executives during the dot-com era. In 1997, she made Time Magazine's list of "The 25 Most Influential Americans".
She received a BA degree in biophysics in 1984 from the University of California, Berkeley and studied Computer Science at the University of Washington.
Polese is a fellow at Carnegie Mellon University's Center for Engineered Innovation.
After a stint at Intellicorp, Ms. Polese spent more than seven years with Sun Microsystems, where she was the original Java product manager who influenced the transition of its internal name of "Oak" to "Java".
After leaving Sun in 1996 she co-founded Marimba, a Java-based business, where she served as CEO until 2000, leading Marimba through its public offering in 1999 and bringing it to profitability. In July 2000, she was replaced as CEO by John Olsen. who in turn was replaced in a year by Rich Wyckoff , who led the sale of Marimba to BMC Software for $239 million in 2004.
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Kirk Douglas
Kirk Douglas (born Issur Danielovitch, Russian: И́сер Даниело́вич; December 9, 1916) is an American stage and film actor, film producer and author. His popular films include Out of the Past (1947), Champion (1949), Ace in the Hole (1951), The Bad and the Beautiful (1952), Lust for Life (1956), Paths of Glory (1957), Gunfight at the O.K. Corral (1957), Spartacus (1960), and Lonely Are the Brave (1962).
He is No.17 on the American Film Institute's list of the greatest male American screen legends of all time, making him the highest-ranked living person on the list. In 1996, he received the Academy Honorary Award "for 50 years as a creative and moral force in the motion picture community."
Douglas was born Issur Danielovitch in Amsterdam, New York, the son of Bryna "Bertha" (née Sanglel) and Herschel "Harry" Danielovitch, a businessman. His parents were Jewish immigrants from Gomel, Belarus. His father's brother, who emigrated earlier, used the surname Demsky, which Douglas's family adopted in the United States. In addition to their surname, his parents also changed their given names to Harry and Bertha. Douglas grew up as Izzy Demsky and legally changed his name to Kirk Douglas before entering the Navy during World War II.
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Korean War
The Korean War (Korean: 한국전쟁 or 조선전쟁, Hanja: 韓國戰爭 or 朝鮮戰爭; 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was a war between the Republic of Korea (supported primarily by the United States of America, with contributions from allied nations under the aegis of the United Nations) and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (supported by the People's Republic of China, with military and material aid from the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics). The Korean War was primarily the result of the political division of Korea by an agreement of the victorious Allies at the conclusion of the Pacific War at the end of World War II. The Korean Peninsula was ruled by the Empire of Japan from 1910 until the end of World War II. Following the surrender of the Empire of Japan in September 1945, American administrators divided the peninsula along the 38th parallel, with U.S. military forces occupying the southern half and Soviet military forces occupying the northern half.
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Larry Hillblom
Larry Lee Hillblom (1943–1995) was an American businessman, and a co-founder of DHL Worldwide Express, a shipping company.
Larry Hillblom was born and raised in Kingsburg, California. Larry Hillblom was a graduate of Fresno State and the University of California, Berkeley's Boalt Hall School of Law and briefly clerked for San Francisco based attorney Melvin Belli. He is the subject of a biography by James Scurlock.
In 1969, Hillblom co-founded DHL, which delivered shipping documents via air courier days before the ship arrived, so that the ships could be quickly unloaded. The company was later transformed into a general air courier, and Hillblom's wealth expanded to several billion dollars. In the 1980s, he moved to Saipan, where he started several businesses and development projects in Hawaii, Vietnam and the Philippines.
In Vietnam, he spent $40 million to restore the Dalat Palace Hotel as well as the Dalat Palace Golf Course, in an attempt to recreate colonial times. Other investments included the Novotel Dalat, Novotel Phan Thiet and Ocean Dunes Golf Course and, outside Ho Chi Minh City, Riverside Apartments. The investment was done via an overseas holding company to avoid an American embargo against Vietnam. The Dalat Palace Hotel featured French restaurants and "Larry's Bar". The hotel opened in 1995 under Hillblom and his Vietnamese partners' ownership with management personnel provided by Accor.
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Leigh Steinberg
Leigh William Steinberg (b. March 27, 1949 in Los Angeles, California) is an American sports agent and sports lawyer. His client list has included Steve Bartkowski, Steve Young, Troy Aikman, Warren Moon, Bruce Smith, Thurman Thomas, Kordell Stewart, Jeff George, Ben Roethlisberger, Myron Rolle, Matt Leinart, Mark Brunell, Ricky Williams, Howie Long, Eric Karros, Dusty Baker, Lennox Lewis, Oscar de la Hoya and John Starks.
Steinberg is often credited as the real life inspiration of the sports agent from the film Jerry Maguire.
Steinberg was born and raised in Los Angeles by his parents, a teacher and a librarian, who pushed public service along with ambition. He attended Hamilton High School, and was elected student body president and voted most likely to succeed. He attended the University of California, Los Angeles for one year before transferring to the University of California, Berkeley. Upon his arrival at Berkeley, Steinberg became a member of the Pi Lambda Phi fraternity. Steinberg eventually formed his own student government political party, called Unity. His moderate politics at the protest-prone Berkeley at the height of the Vietnam War drew such a following that he was elected President of the Associated Students of the University of California, the university's student government, but was forced to resign early in his term for cheating on an exam. He earned a B.A. in Political Science from UC Berkeley in 1970.
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Leon Litwack
Leon F. Litwack (born December 2, 1929) is an American historian whose scholarship focuses on slavery, the Reconstruction Era of the United States, and its aftermath into the 20th century. He won a National Book Award, the Pulitzer Prize, and the Francis Parkman Prize for his 1979 book, Been In the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery. He also received a Guggenheim Fellowship.
After the Spring 2007 semester, he retired to emeritus status at the University of California Berkeley, where he received the Golden Apple Award for Outstanding Teaching that year. Then he went on a lecture tour that led to his latest book, How Free Is Free?: The Long Death of Jim Crow (2009).
Litwack was born in Santa Barbara, California in 1929, and received his B.A. in 1951 and Ph.D. in 1958 from the University of California, Berkeley. He has taught at the Universities of Wisconsin and South Carolina and at Colorado College.
Litwack's interest in history was sparked by The Growth of the American Republic, by Samuel Eliot Morison and Henry Steele Commager. Litwack said, "The textbook was my first confrontation with history. I asked my 11th grade teacher for the opportunity to respond to the textbook’s version of Reconstruction, to what I thought were distortions and racial biases. (I had already read Howard Fast’s Freedom Road.) The research led me to the library—and to W. E. B. Du Bois’s Black Reconstruction, with that intriguing subtitle: An Essay Toward a History of the Part which Black Folk Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy in America, 1860–1880. Armed with that book, I presented what I thought to be a persuasive rebuttal of the textbook."
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Leroy Chiao
Leroy Chiao (Chinese: 焦立中; pinyin: Jiāo Li-zhong), (born August 28, 1960) is an American engineer, former NASA astronaut, entrepreneur, motivational speaker and engineering consultant. Chiao flew on three shuttle flights, and was the commander of Expedition 10, where he lived on board the International Space Station from October 13, 2004 to April 24, 2005. He is also a co-author and researcher for the Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity Project.
Chiao was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and raised in Danville, California. Chiao graduated from Monte Vista High School in Danville in 1978. In 1983, he received a Bachelor of Science in chemical engineering from the University of California, Berkeley, where he was a member of the Phi Kappa Tau fraternity. He earned a Master of Science and then a Doctor of Philosophy in chemical engineering from the University of California, Santa Barbara in 1985 and 1987, respectively.
Chiao’s father (Tsu Tao Chiao) grew up in Shandong, China; his mother, Dr. Cherry Chiao, was born in Qingdao, Shandong and grew up in Suzhou.[citation needed] After World War II, both fled to Taiwan, where they met and married. His parents immigrated to the United States in the 1950s. Chiao's call sign is "Shandong".
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Leroy Sievers
Leroy Sievers (June 16, 1955 – August 15, 2008) was a journalist who won 12 national news Emmy Awards, two Peabody Awards, and two Alfred I. duPont-Columbia University Awards. He was a commentator for National Public Radio, served as a bureau chief for CBS news, served as an executive producer for the ABC program Nightline, and covered a variety of global conflicts as a war correspondent. Sievers was also was part of the Discovery Channel program entitled Living with Cancer, hosted by his friend Ted Koppel. This show was taped at the Discovery Channel Headquarters in Silver Spring, Maryland on May 6, 2007, and featured other cancer survivors, including Elizabeth Edwards and Lance Armstrong.
Born in San Marino, California, Sievers attended Princeton University but transferred to the University of California, Berkeley, where he finished his undergraduate degree.
He was married to Laurie Singer, a producer at NBC News.
Sievers kept a blog and podcast, called My Cancer, on the NPR website; the blog dealt with his struggle with metastatic colon cancer, with which he was diagnosed in 2006. The blog consists of Sievers's thoughts on his illness, as well as updates on his treatment and any scans and tests he underwent. His blog developed a large community of those currently diagnosed with cancer and cancer survivors, as well as their families and loved ones, many of whom who regularly commented on Sievers's posts, often offering him messages of love, support, and gratitude for having so openly shared his experiences on his blog.
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Lynne Jolitz
Lynne Greer Jolitz (born June 30, 1961) is a figure in free software and founded many startups in Silicon Valley with her husband William.
Lynne Jolitz is probably most famous for her work in pioneering open source operating systems with 386BSD with her husband. She has founded startup companies that involve workstations to companies in Internet multimedia.
Lynne is also a noted author and authority on operating systems and networking issues. Lynne is an internet news media commentator discussing events in the computer industry and wrote frequently for BYTE.
She also holds patents in internet technologies and semiconductor memory innovations, and writes technical papers and articles.
She is currently an adviser to CoolClip network, an internet startup that uses the server-based video production engine that Lynne originally designed and tested at the University of California, Berkeley.
Lynne has appeared on the Oracle E-Business Network and was presented with their Geek of the Week award for her years of work in high-speed networking and operating systems design. Lynne also has appeared on Dvorak’s RealComputing discussing the impact of Internet broadband.
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Margaret Rhea Seddon
Margaret Rhea Seddon (born November 8, 1947) is a physician and retired NASA astronaut. After being selected as part of the first group of astronauts to include women, she flew on three Space Shuttle flights: as mission specialist for STS-51-D and STS-40, and as payload commander for STS-58. Both before and after her career in the astronaut program, she has been active in the medical community in Tennessee, Mississippi and Texas.
Seddon was born in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, where she graduated from Central High School in 1965. She received a bachelor of arts degree in physiology from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1970, and a doctorate of medicine from the University of Tennessee College of Medicine in 1973. While at the University of California, Seddon was a member of Sigma Kappa sorority.
After medical school, Dr. Seddon completed a surgical internship and 3 years of a general surgery residency in Memphis with a particular interest in nutrition in surgery patients. Between the period of her internship and residency, she served as an Emergency Department physician at a number of hospitals in Mississippi and Tennessee, and served in this capacity in the Houston area in her spare time. Dr. Seddon has also performed clinical research into the effects of radiation therapy on nutrition in cancer patients.
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Marguerite Higgins
Marguerite Higgins Hall (September 3, 1920 — January 3, 1966) was an American reporter and war correspondent. Higgins covered World War II, the Korean War and the war in Vietnam, and in the process advanced the cause of equal access for female war correspondents.
Higgins was born in Hong Kong while her father, Lawrence Higgins, was working at a shipping company. The family moved back to the United States three years later. She worked for The Daily Californian, the University of California, Berkeley newspaper, her freshman year at college. After graduating from Berkeley in 1941 with a B.A. in French she received a masters degree in journalism from Columbia University.
Eager to become a war correspondent, Higgins persuaded the management of the New York Herald Tribune to send her to Europe, after working for them for two years, in 1944. After being stationed in London and Paris, she was reassigned to Germany in March 1945. There she witnessed the liberation of the Dachau concentration camp in April 1945 and received a U.S. Army campaign ribbon for her assistance during the SS guards' surrender. She later covered the Nuremberg war trials and the Soviet Union's blockade of Berlin.[citation needed]
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Marion Nestle
Marion Nestle, Ph.D., M.P.H., is the Paulette Goddard Professor of Nutrition, Food Studies, and Public Health at New York University, in the department that she chaired from 1988 through 2003. Her degrees include a Ph.D. in molecular biology and an M.P.H. in public health nutrition, both from the University of California, Berkeley. She is also Professor of Sociology at NYU and Visiting Professor of Nutritional Sciences at Cornell University.
Nestle received her BA from UC Berkeley, Phi Beta Kappa, after attending school there from 1954-1959. She did postdoctoral work in Biochemistry and Developmental Biology at Brandeis University and joined the faculty in Biology. From 1976 to 1986, she was Associate Dean for Human Biology and taught nutrition at the UCSF School of Medicine. From 1986-88, she was senior nutrition policy advisor in the Department of Health and Human Services and editor of The Surgeon General’s Report on Nutrition and Health. She is chair of the Council on Nutrition Policy of the National Association for Public Health Policy. Her research examines scientific and socioeconomic influences on food choice, obesity, and food safety, emphasizing the role of food marketing. She is the author of numerous articles in professional publications and is author or co-author of seven books.
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Marié Digby
Marié Christina Digby ( /mɑriˈeɪ ˈdɪɡbi/ mar-ee-AY DIG-bee; born April 16, 1983) is an American singer, songwriter, guitarist, pianist and actress. She is known for her acoustic cover version of Rihanna's "Umbrella", which attracted attention on YouTube in 2007. The song was subsequently played on the radio station STAR 98.7, was featured on the highly rated third season opening episode of the MTV show The Hills, and peaked at #10 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart. Digby performed the song on the late night talk show Last Call with Carson Daly on August 2, 2007. Since then, Digby has released three studio albums, including one Japanese cover album. These albums have spawned three singles overall.
Digby has released a 17-episode web mini-series called Breathing Underwater, the same name as her 3rd album.
Digby, whose mother is Japanese and father is Irish American, is the oldest of three siblings. Her two sisters are Naomi (born December 12, 1985) and Erina (born August 8, 1987). She began writing songs during high school in Los Angeles, California. After her freshman year at the University of California, Berkeley, she won the 2004 Pantene Pro-Voice competition with her song "Miss Invisible". The grand prize for the concert included working with a professional producer on an album, $5,000 and performing on stage with other top performers.
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Matt Biondi
Matthew Nicholas Biondi (born October 8, 1965 in Palo Alto, California) is a three-time U.S. Olympic swimmer in the 1984, 1988, and 1992 Summer Olympics, winning a total of 11 medals. He is a member of the United States Olympic Hall of Fame and the International Swimming Hall of Fame.
Biondi left Seoul with five gold medals, setting world records in four of those events.
Biondi started his aquatics career as a swimmer and water polo player in his hometown of Moraga, California. As he moved into his teens, his incredible abilities as a sprint swimmer began to emerge. Though he did not start swimming year-round until he started at Campolindo High School, by his senior year Biondi was the top schoolboy sprinter in America with a National High School record of 20.40 seconds in the 50-yard freestyle. He accepted a scholarship to the University of California, Berkeley to swim and play water polo, and enrolled in 1983. In his freshman year, he played on Berkeley's NCAA Championship water polo team, and made the consolation finals at the 1984 NCAA Swimming Championships.
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Matt Richtel
Matt Richtel (born October 2, 1966 in Los Angeles) is an American writer and journalist for The New York Times. He was awarded the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting for a series on distracted driving.
Richtel obtained a bachelors degree from the University of California at Berkeley and an MS from the Columbia School of Journalism.
He writes the syndicated comic Rudy Park under the penname Theron Heir. The strip is illustrated by Darrin Bell.
Richtel has also authored a novel called "Hooked," about a reporter whose life is turned upside down when he escapes a cafe explosion after a stranger hands him a note in his dead fiancee's handwriting warning him to leave.
In 2010, Richtel wrote, and was interviewed, about the impact on the human brain of living with "a deluge of data" from digital devices. In the interview, he previewed his current investigation into the idea that "[t]here is some thought that the way kids' brains ... and frontal lobes ... are developing" differently than those of their parents and others of older generations. He said he expected to publish his work on this subject in early December.
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Mercedes McCambridge
Carlotta Mercedes McCambridge (March 16, 1916 – March 2, 2004) was an American actress. Orson Welles called her "the world's greatest living radio actress."
McCambridge was born in Joliet, Illinois, the daughter of Irish American Catholic parents Marie (née Mahaffry) and John Patrick McCambridge. She graduated from Mundelein College in Chicago before embarking on a career.
She began her career as a radio actor during the 1940s while also performing on Broadway. Her radio work in this period included her portrayal of Rosemary Levy on Abie's Irish Rose and various characters on the radio series I Love A Mystery in both its West Coast and East Coast incarnations (most notably as "Charity Martin" in The Thing That Cries in the Night, "Nasha" and "Laura" in Bury Your Dead, Arizona, "Sunny Richards" in both The Million Dollar Curse and The Temple of Vampires and "Jack 'Jacqueline' Dempsey Ross" in The Battle of the Century). She frequently did feature roles on the CBS Radio Mystery Theater, and was an original cast member on The Guiding Light, before the Bauers took over as the central characters. She also starred in her own show, The Defense Attorney as Martha Ellis Bryant.
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Michael Wolff
Michael Blieden Wolff (born July 31, 1952) is an American jazz pianist, composer, producer, actor, and educator. He was honored as a Steinway Artist and obtained a BMI Cable Award. He also won an award at the Hamptons International Film Festival.
Wolff began his music career performing in Cal Tjader's band. He went onto become the musical director for jazz singer Nancy Wilson who introduced him to Arsenio Hall, and the latter of which he served as the bandleader for his CBS prime-time talk show, which broadcast from 1989-94. Wolff provided the score and co-produced The Tic Code (1999). He also co-starred and produced the music for the film The Naked Brothers Band (2005), winning him an Audience Award for Family Feature Film at the Hamptons International Film Festival. By early 2007 it became the pilot to the Nickelodeon musical comedy series of the same name, which he co-starred in and earned a BMI Cable Award for producing the series' music. Wolff is the leader of the jazz band Impure Thoughts which features Indian tabla player Badal Roy, drummer Mike Clark, percussionist Frank Colón and electric bassist John B. Williams. Wolff currently teaches jazz music at universities in New York City and performs at various jazz clubs in Manhattan with his trio.
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Michelangelo
Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (6 March 1475 – 18 February 1564), commonly known as Michelangelo (Italian pronunciation: [mikeˈlandʒelo]), was an Italian Renaissance sculptor, painter, architect, poet, and engineer who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art. Despite making few forays beyond the arts, his versatility in the disciplines he took up was of such a high order that he is often considered a contender for the title of the archetypal Renaissance man, along with fellow Italian Leonardo da Vinci.
Michelangelo was considered the greatest living artist in his lifetime, and ever since then he has been held to be one of the greatest artists of all time. A number of his works in painting, sculpture, and architecture rank among the most famous in existence. His output in every field during his long life was prodigious; when the sheer volume of correspondence, sketches, and reminiscences that survive is also taken into account, he is the best-documented artist of the 16th century. Two of his best-known works, the Pietà and David, were sculpted before he turned thirty. Despite his low opinion of painting, Michelangelo also created two of the most influential works in fresco in the history of Western art: the scenes from Genesis on the ceiling and The Last Judgment on the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel in Rome. As an architect, Michelangelo pioneered the Mannerist style at the Laurentian Library. At 74 he succeeded Antonio da Sangallo the Younger as the architect of St. Peter's Basilica. Michelangelo transformed the plan, the western end being finished to Michelangelo's design, the dome being completed after his death with some modification.
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Michele Tafoya
Michele Tafoya (Vandersall) (born December 17, 1964, in Manhattan Beach, California) is an American sportscaster.
Tafoya received a B.A. in mass communications from the University of California, Berkeley in 1988, and a masters in business administration from the University of Southern California in 1991.
Tafoya worked as a host and reporter for KFAN-AM in Minneapolis, primarily for Minnesota Vikings and University of Minnesota women’s basketball broadcasts. She worked for WAQS-AM in Charlotte, where she went by the name Mickey Conley. She was the first female analyst to call UNC-Charlotte men's basketball games.
Tafoya also worked for the Midwest Sports Channel, serving as a Minnesota Timberwolves host and sideline reporter, as well as a play-by-play commentator for women's Big Ten basketball and volleyball. Tafoya also spent three years at WCCO-TV in Minneapolis as a sports anchor and reporter.
Prior to ESPN and ABC Sports, Michele Tafoya joined CBS Sports in September 1994 as a reporter and host for the CBS Television Network's sports anthology show CBS Sports Spectacular and college basketball coverage. She served as a host of AT THE HALF and as a reporter for college football games. She did make her on-air debut at the 1994 U.S. Open Tennis Championships. She spent 5 years with CBS.
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Mostafa Chamran
Mostafa Chamran Savei (1932 – 21 June 1981) was an Iranian scientist who served as first Defence Minister of post-revolutionary Iran and as member of parliament, as well as commander of paramilitary volunteers in Iran–Iraq War. He was killed during the war. He helped found the Amal Movement in southern Lebanon, and fought alongside Amal guerrillas in the late 1970s.
Born in 1932 in Tehran, he became a young student of Ayatollah Taleqani and Morteza Motahari. He studied at Alborz High School and then graduated from Tehran University.
In the late 1960s, he moved to the United States for higher education, obtaining an M.S. degree from the Texas A&M University. He then went on to obtain his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering and Plasma Physics in 1963 from the University of California, Berkeley .
He was then hired as a senior research staff scientist at Bell Laboratories and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
He was fluent in Persian, English, Arabic, French, and German.
In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Chamran became politically active. He became a leading and founding member of the Islamic revolutionary movement in the Middle East, organizing and training guerrillas and revolutionary forces in Algeria, Egypt, Syria, especially Amal Movement in southern Lebanon.
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Natalie Coughlin
Natalie Anne Coughlin (born August 23, 1982) is an American swimmer and eleven-time Olympic medallist.
At the 2008 Summer Olympics, Coughlin became the first American female athlete in modern Olympic history to win six medals in one Olympics and the first woman ever to win a 100 m backstroke gold in two consecutive Olympics.
Coughlin's success has earned her the World Swimmer of the Year Award one time and American Swimmer of the Year Award three times. She has won a total of forty-eight medals in major international competition, twenty-one gold, seventeen silver, and ten bronze spanning the Olympics, the World, and the Pan Pacific Championships.
Coughlin currently lives in Lafayette, California and is of Irish and one quarter Filipino heritage. She was born in Vallejo and went to school at St. Catherine of Siena School from kindergarten through eight grade. She attended Carondelet High School in Concord.
Coughlin first began swimming at the local YMCA when she was only 10 months old. In 1998 at age 15, she became the first swimmer to qualify for the Summer National in all 14 events. Prior to the 2004 Summer Olympics, Coughlin was a student-athlete at the University of California, Berkeley, where she earned a BA in psychology in 2005. Coughlin won 12 National Collegiate Athletic Association Swimmer of the Year honors in her first three years at Cal.
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Oscar de la Hoya
Oscar De La Hoya (born February 4, 1973 in East Los Angeles, California) is a retired American professional boxer of Mexican descent. Nicknamed "The Golden Boy," De La Hoya won a gold medal at the Barcelona Olympic Games shortly after graduating from James A. Garfield High School. De La Hoya comes from a boxing family. His grandfather Vicente, father Joel Sr. and brother Joel Jr. were all boxers. De La Hoya was The Ring's "Fighter of the Year" in 1995 and Ring Magazine's top-rated Pound for Pound fighter in the world in 1997 & 1998. De La Hoya officially announced his retirement from the sport at a press conference held in Los Angeles on April 14, 2009.
De La Hoya has defeated 17 world champions and has won ten world titles in six different weight classes. He has also generated more money than any other boxer in the history of the sport, an estimated $696 million pay-per-view income.
De La Hoya founded Golden Boy Promotions, a combat sport promotional firm. He is the first American of Hispanic descent to own a national boxing promotional firm and one of the few boxers to take on promotional responsibilities while still active.
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Oscar Wilde
Oscar Fingal O'Flahertie Wills Wilde (16 October 1854 – 30 November 1900) was an Irish writer and poet. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, he became one of London's most popular playwrights in the early 1890s. Today he is remembered for his epigrams, plays and the circumstances of his imprisonment, followed by his early death.
Wilde's parents were successful Dublin intellectuals. Their son became fluent in French and German early in life. At university Wilde read Greats; he proved himself to be an outstanding classicist, first at Dublin, then at Oxford. He became known for his involvement in the rising philosophy of aestheticism, led by two of his tutors, Walter Pater and John Ruskin. After university, Wilde moved to London into fashionable cultural and social circles. As a spokesman for aestheticism, he tried his hand at various literary activities: he published a book of poems, lectured in the United States of America and Canada on the new "English Renaissance in Art", and then returned to London where he worked prolifically as a journalist. Known for his biting wit, flamboyant dress, and glittering conversation, Wilde had become one of the most well-known personalities of his day.
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People Magazine
People (originally called People Weekly) is a weekly American magazine of celebrity and human-interest stories, published by Time Inc. As of 2006, it has a circulation of 3.75 million and revenue expected to top $1.5 billion. It was named "Magazine of the Year" by Advertising Age in October 2005, for excellence in editorial, circulation and advertising.People ranked #6 on Advertising Age's annual "A-list" and #3 on Adweek's "Brand Blazers" list in October 2006.
The magazine runs a roughly 50/50 mix of celebrity and human-interest articles. People's editors claim to refrain from printing pure celebrity gossip, enough so to lead celebrity publicists to propose exclusives to the magazine, evidence of what one staffer calls a "publicist-friendly strategy".
People's website, People.com, focuses exclusively on celebrity news. In February 2007, the website drew 39.6 million page views "within a day" of the Golden Globes. However "the mother ship of Oscar coverage" broke a site record with 51.7 million page views on the day after the Oscars, beating the previous record set just a month before from the Golden Globes.[not in citation given]
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Peter Jackson
Sir Peter Robert Jackson, KNZM (born 31 October 1961) is a New Zealand film director, producer, actor, and screenwriter, who is well known for his The Lord of the Rings film trilogy (2001 to 2003), adapted from the novel by J. R. R. Tolkien.
He won international attention early in his career with his "splatstick" horror comedies beginning with Bad Taste (1987) before coming to mainstream prominence with Heavenly Creatures (1994), for which he shared an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay nomination with his wife, Fran Walsh. Jackson has been awarded three Academy Awards in his career, including the award for Best Director in 2003; he also won the BAFTA, Golden Globe and Saturn Award for Best Direction the same year.
His films also include Meet the Feebles (1989), Braindead (1992), Forgotten Silver (1995), The Frighteners (1996), King Kong (2005),The Lovely Bones (2009), and the upcoming The Lord of the Rings prequels The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (2012) and The Hobbit: There and Back Again (2013). He is also the producer of District 9 (2009) and The Adventures of Tintin (2011).
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Peter Mattis
Peter Mattis is a computer programmer most notable for his early work on the GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP).
In 1995, while students at the University of California at Berkeley, Mattis and his classmate Spencer Kimball developed the first version of The GIMP as a class project. The two were also members of a student club at Berkeley called the eXperimental Computer Facility (XCF).
According to Mattis in 1999:
On free software and the motivations to write it and what makes good and enduring free software:
Mattis works for Google. He has worked on Google Servlet Engine along with Spencer Kimball.
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Phil Lesh
Phillip Chapman Lesh (born March 15, 1940 in Berkeley, California) is a musician and a founding member of the Grateful Dead, with whom he played bass guitar throughout their 30-year career.
After the band's disbanding in 1995, Lesh continued the tradition of Grateful Dead family music with side project Phil Lesh and Friends, which paid homage to the Dead's music by playing their originals, common covers, and the songs of the members of his band. Phil & Friends helped keep a legitimate entity for the band's music to continue but have been on hiatus since 2008. Recently, Lesh has opened a music venue called Terrapin Crossroads, and has been performing with Furthur alongside former Grateful Dead bandmate Bob Weir.
Lesh started out as a violin player. In high school he switched to trumpet (A snippet of tape of Lesh on trumpet in college can be heard on "Born Cross-Eyed" from the Grateful Dead's 1968 release Anthem of the Sun.). Studying under Bob Hansen, he had a keen interest in avant-garde classical music and free jazz; he also studied under the Italian modernist Luciano Berio at Mills College (classmates included minimalist composer Steve Reich, and future Dead keyboardist Tom Constanten). While still a college student he met then-bluegrass banjo player Jerry Garcia. Despite antipodal musical interests, they formed a friendship and eventually Lesh was talked into becoming the bass guitarist for Garcia's new rock group, then known as the Warlocks. According to Lesh, the first song he rehearsed with the band was "I Know You Rider". He joined them for their third or fourth gig (memories vary) and stayed until the end. Lesh noticed that another group had made a record under the name Warlocks when he found their single on Columbia Records at a record store [Phil Lesh/Searching For The Sound, pg. 61]. That little-known band would later become The Velvet Underground.
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Phoebe Hearst
Phoebe Apperson Hearst (December 3, 1842 – April 13, 1919) was an American philanthropist, feminist and suffragist. She was also the mother of William Randolph Hearst.
She was born Phoebe Elizabeth Apperson in Franklin County, Missouri. At the age of 19, she married George Hearst, who later became a U.S. Senator. Soon after their marriage on June 15, 1862,the couple moved to San Francisco, California, where Phoebe gave birth to their only child, William Randolph Hearst, on April 29, 1863.
In the 1880s, she became a major benefactor and director of the Golden Gate Kindergarten Association and the first president of the Century Club of California. She was a major benefactor of the University of California, Berkeley and its first woman Regent, serving on the board from 1897 until her death. Also in 1897, she contributed to the establishment of the National Congress of Mothers, which evolved eventually into the National Parent-Teacher Association. In 1900, she co-founded the National Cathedral School in Washington, DC. A public elementary school near the National Cathedral School bears her name.
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Randi Mayem Singer
Randi Mayem Singer is a writer and producer.
Singer is an American screenwriter, producer and showrunner best known for writing the screenplay to the 20th Century Fox blockbuster Mrs. Doubtfire starring Robin Williams and Sally Field.
Randi Mayem Singer earned her undergraduate degree in political science at the University of California, Berkeley, before pursing a career in broadcast journalism. Before selling her first script, Singer worked as a news reporter for KMEL San Francisco and as a news anchor for LA radio stations KRLA, KRTH and KFI, using the name Randi Allison. While working at KFI, Singer took a screenwriting course at UCLA and began her first screenplay, a quirky romantic comedy called A 22¢ Romance. That script won the inaugural UCLA Diane Thomas Screenwriting Award in 1987, a competition judged by such Hollywood luminaries as Steven Spielberg, James Brooks, Michael Douglas, and Robert Zemeckis. A 22¢ Romance sold in a bidding war to Orion Pictures, and, although the script has never been produced, it was listed in the Los Angeles Times’ “Best Still On Paper” article in 1992.
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Richard Bolt
Richard Henry Bolt Ph.D., better known as Richard Bolt or Dick Bolt, (Peking, China, April 22, 1911-Boston, Massachusetts, January 13, 2002) was a physics professor at MIT with an interest in acoustics. He was one of the founders of the company Bolt, Beranek and Newman, which built the ARPANET, a forerunner of the internet.
Bolt was born in Peking, China, where his parents were medical missionaries. His family returned to the U.S. in 1916 and settled in California.
Bolt graduated from Berkeley High School, California in 1928 and went to college and graduate school at the University of California, Berkeley.
Although he initially expected to major in either music or graphical design, he decided on architecture, in which he attained a BA in 1933. At that time, he had already developed an interest in acoustics, combining his interests for music, design and architecture.
After his marriage to Katherine Mary Smith, right after his graduation in 1933, they made a honeymoon to Europe, where he became acquainted with a number of scientists from Berlin, and the honeymoon was extended to ten months while Bolt learned German and studied acoustics.
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Robert Gordon Sproul
Robert Gordon Sproul (May 22, 1891 – September 10, 1975) was eleventh President of the University of California serving from 1930 to 1958.
Sproul's outstanding contribution during his 28-year administration was the multiple-campus expansion of the University to meet the demands for higher education in widely separated parts of the state, while maintaining one institution governed by one Board of Regents and one President.
Sproul was a member of the Bohemian Club, and sponsored Ernest Lawrence's membership in 1932.
By the time he left office in 1958, the University of California, Berkeley was a distinguished university recognized worldwide for the excellence of its programs. And the University of California had a total of eight campuses from Davis to Los Angeles. There is a Sproul Hall on every UC campus, except for the recently opened and not fully built-out UC Merced, as well as the UCSF campus.[citation needed]
Sproul Hall and Sproul Plaza on the UC Berkeley campus, site of numerous political rallies since the 1930s, are named for him. In addition, a research vessel utilized by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography at University of California, San Diego is named after him.
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Robert McNamara
Robert Strange McNamara (June 9, 1916 – July 6, 2009) was an American business executive and the eighth Secretary of Defense, serving under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson from 1961 to 1968, during which time he played a large role in escalating the United States involvement in the Vietnam War. Following that, he served as President of the World Bank from 1968 to 1981. McNamara was responsible for the institution of systems analysis in public policy, which developed into the discipline known today as policy analysis.
Prior to public service, McNamara was one of the "Whiz Kids" who helped rebuild Ford Motor Company after World War II, and briefly served as Ford's President before becoming Secretary of Defense.
Robert McNamara was born in San Francisco, California. His father was Robert James McNamara, sales manager of a wholesale shoe company. His mother was Clara Nell Strange McNamara. His father's family was Irish and in about 1850, following the Great Irish Famine, had emigrated to Massachusetts and later to California. He graduated from Piedmont High School in Piedmont, California in 1933 where he was president of the Rigma Lions boys club and earned the rank of Eagle Scout. He graduated from the University of California, Berkeley in 1937 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics with minors in mathematics and philosophy. He was a member of Phi Gamma Delta fraternity, was elected to Phi Beta Kappa his sophomore year and earned a varsity letter in crew. He was also a member of the UC Berkeley's Order of the Golden Bear which was a fellowship of students and leading faculty members formed to promote leadership within the student body. He earned an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1939.
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Robert Penn Warren
Robert Penn Warren (April 24, 1905 – September 15, 1989) was an American poet, novelist, and literary critic and was one of the founders of New Criticism. He was also a charter member of the Fellowship of Southern Writers. He founded the influential literary journal The Southern Review with Cleanth Brooks in 1935. He received the 1947 Pulitzer Prize for the Novel for his novel All the King's Men (1946) and the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 1958 and 1979. He is the only person to have won Pulitzer Prizes for both fiction and poetry.
Warren was born in Guthrie, Kentucky, which is very near the Tennessee-Kentucky border, to Robert Warren and Anna Penn. Warren's mother's family had roots in Virginia, having given their name to the community of Penn's Store in Patrick County, Virginia. Robert Penn Warren graduated from Clarksville High School in Clarksville, Tennessee, Vanderbilt University in 1925 and the University of California, Berkeley in 1926. Warren later attended Yale University and obtained his B. Litt. as a Rhodes Scholar from New College, Oxford, in England in 1930. He also received a Guggenheim Fellowship to study in Italy during the rule of Benito Mussolini. That same year he began his teaching career at Southwestern College (now Rhodes College) in Memphis, Tennessee.
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Robert Reich
Robert Bernard Reich ( /ˈraɪʃ/; born June 24, 1946) is an American political economist, professor, author, and political commentator. He served in the administrations of Presidents Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter and was Secretary of Labor under President Bill Clinton from 1993 to 1997.
Reich is currently Chancellor's Professor of Public Policy at the Goldman School of Public Policy at the University of California, Berkeley. He was formerly a professor at Harvard University's John F. Kennedy School of Government and professor of social and economic policy at the Heller School for Social Policy and Management of Brandeis University. He has also been a contributing editor of The New Republic, The American Prospect (also chairman and founding editor), Harvard Business Review, The Atlantic, The New York Times, and The Wall Street Journal.
Reich is a political commentator on programs including Hardball with Chris Matthews, This Week with George Stephanopoulos, CNBC's Kudlow & Company, and APM's Marketplace. In 2008, Time Magazine named him one of the Ten Best Cabinet Members of the century, and The Wall Street Journal in 2008 placed him sixth on its list of the "Most Influential Business Thinkers". He was appointed a member of President-elect Barack Obama's economic transition advisory board.
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Robin Williams
Robin McLaurin Williams (born July 21, 1951) is an American actor and comedian. Rising to fame with his role as the alien Mork in the TV series Mork & Mindy, and later stand-up comedy work, Williams has performed in many feature films since 1980. He won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in the 1997 film Good Will Hunting. He has also won two Emmy Awards, four Golden Globes, two Screen Actors Guild Awards and five Grammy Awards.
Williams was born in Chicago, Illinois. His mother, Laura McLaurin (née Smith, 1922–2001), was a former model from New Orleans, Louisiana. His father, Robert Fitzgerald Williams (September 10, 1906 – October 18, 1987), was a senior executive at Ford Motor Company in charge of the Midwest region. His maternal great-great-grandfather was senator and Mississippi governor Anselm J. McLaurin. Williams is of English, Welsh, Irish, and French ancestry. He was raised in the Episcopal Church (his mother practiced Christian Science). He grew up in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, where he was a student at the Detroit Country Day School, and later moved to Woodacre, Marin County, California, where he attended the public Redwood High School. Williams studied at Claremont McKenna College (then called Claremont Men's College) for four years. He has two half-brothers: Todd (who died August 14, 2007) and McLaurin.
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Roxann Dawson
Roxann Dawson (born September 11, 1958) is an American actress, producer and director, best known as B'Elanna Torres on the television series Star Trek: Voyager.
A 1980 graduate of the University of California, Berkeley Dawson's first professional acting job was in a Broadway production of A Chorus Line. She continued a stage career through the 1980s and 1990s, while occasionally landing minor film and television roles.
In 1994, Dawson began her role as the half Human/half-Klingon engineer B'Elanna Torres on Star Trek: Voyager which lasted for all seven seasons of the show. For her work on that show, she received ALMA Award nominations three years running (1998–2000), and in 2001 was given an ALMA Special Achievement Award.
Her other television credits include appearances on Nightingales, Baywatch, The Closer, Matlock, Jake and the Fatman, The Untouchables, Any Day Now, Without a Trace, The Lyon's Den, The Division, the U.S. version of Coupling, and the science fiction television series Seven Days. She also provided voicework for an episode of Star Trek: Enterprise.
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Rube Goldberg
Reuben Lucius Goldberg (July 4, 1883 – December 7, 1970) was an American cartoonist, sculptor, author, engineer and inventor.
He is best known for a series of popular cartoons depicting complex gadgets that perform simple tasks in indirect, convoluted ways. These devices, now known as Rube Goldberg machines, are similar to those drawn by W. Heath Robinson in the UK and Storm P in Denmark[citation needed]. Goldberg received many honors in his lifetime, including a Pulitzer Prize for his political cartooning in 1948 and the Banshees' Silver Lady Award 1959.
Goldberg was a founding member and the first president of the National Cartoonists Society, and he is the namesake of the Reuben Award, which the organization awards to the Cartoonist of the Year. He is the inspiration for various international competitions, known as Rube Goldberg Machine Contests, which challenge participants to make a complex machine to perform a simple task.
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Sally Field
Sally Margaret Field (born November 6, 1946) is an American actress, singer, producer, director, and screenwriter. In each decade of her career, she has been known for major roles in American TV/film culture, including: in the 1960s, for Gidget (1965–66) or Sister Bertrille on The Flying Nun (1967–70); in the 1970s, for Sybil (1976), Smokey and the Bandit (1977) and Norma Rae (1979); in the 1980s, for Absence of Malice (1981), Places in the Heart (1984) and Steel Magnolias (1989); in the 1990s, for Not Without My Daughter (1991), Mrs. Doubtfire (1993), Forrest Gump (1994) and Eye for an Eye (1996); and in the 2000s, on the TV shows ER and Brothers & Sisters (2006–11). She has also performed in numerous other roles.
Field won the Academy Award for Best Actress in a leading role on two occasions, Norma Rae (1979) and Places in the Heart (1984). Field's professional achievements also include winning three Emmy Awards: for her role in the TV film Sybil (1976); her guest-starring role on ER in 2000; and for her starring role as Nora Holden Walker on ABC's series Brothers & Sisters in 2007. She has also won two Golden Globes and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress. She also won the Best Female Performance Prize at the Cannes Film Festival, for Norma Rae (1979).
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Shantanu Narayen
Shantanu Narayen is an Indian born American CEO of Adobe Systems. Prior to this post, he held the role as the President and Chief Operating Officer since 2005.
He grew up in Hyderabad, India, the second son of a mother who taught American literature and a father who ran a plastics company. He went to Hyderabad Public School in Hyderabad. Narayen holds a Bachelor of Science in electronics engineering from Osmania University in India, a Master of Business Administration from the University of California, Berkeley, and a Master of Science in computer science from Bowling Green State University in Bowling Green, Ohio.
On May 7, 2011, Narayen received an honorary Doctor of Applied Science degree from his alma mater, Bowling Green State University.
He started his career at Apple. After Apple, Narayen served as director of desktop and collaboration products for Silicon Graphics, then co-founded Pictra Inc., a company that pioneered the concept of digital photo sharing over the Internet.
Narayen joined Adobe in 1998 as a senior Vice-President of worldwide product research, was later promoted to executive vice president of worldwide products, and appointed to his current post in January 2005 at the age of 41.
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Sonny Rollins
Theodore Walter "Sonny" Rollins (born September 7, 1930 in New York City) is an American jazz tenor saxophonist. Rollins is widely recognized as one of the most important and influential jazz musicians. A number of his compositions, including "St. Thomas", "Oleo", "Doxy", and "Airegin", have become jazz standards.
Although Rollins was born in New York City, his parents were born in the United States Virgin Islands. Rollins received his first saxophone at age 13. He attended Benjamin Franklin High School in East Harlem. He said that a concert by Frank Sinatra there, accompanied by a plea for racial harmony, changed his life.
Rollins started as a pianist, changed to alto saxophone, and finally switched to tenor in 1946. During his high-school years, he played in a band with other future jazz legends Jackie McLean, Kenny Drew and Art Taylor. He was first recorded in 1949 with Babs Gonzales ( J. J. Johnson was the arranger of the group). In his recordings through 1954, he played with performers such as Miles Davis, Charlie Parker and Thelonious Monk.
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Stephan Jenkins
Stephan Douglas Jenkins (born September 27, 1964 in Indio, California), is an American musician best known as the lead singer, songwriter, and guitarist for Third Eye Blind. Under Jenkins's leadership, Third Eye Blind has sold over 10 million copies worldwide of four albums: Third Eye Blind (1997), Blue (1999), Out of the Vein (2003), and Ursa Major (2009). Jenkins wrote or co-wrote all of the band's most notable hits, including "Semi-Charmed Life", "Jumper", "How's It Going to Be", "Losing a Whole Year", "Graduate", "Deep Inside of You", and "Never Let You Go".
Jenkins was born in Indio, California on September 27, 1964. He grew up in Palo Alto, California and attended Henry M. Gunn Senior High School. Stephan started his musical career early in life. He recalls banging out original works at the age of five, pulling out pots and pans on the floor of his kitchen at home in Southern California. When he was 13, his family briefly relocated to Madison, Wisconsin to support his father's career, but the Jenkins family quickly returned to the Bay just two years later. In 1987 he graduated as valedictorian of his class from University of California, Berkeley with a B.A. in English Literature, despite suffering from both ADHD and dyslexia.
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Stephanie DiMarco
Stephanie DiMarco is the Founder, CEO and President of Advent Software, a public company with a market cap of more than $1 billion that offers integrated software solutions for automating and integrating data and work flows across investment management organizations.
DiMarco received a BS from the Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley.
Prior to founding Advent Software, DiMarco worked in the investment industry as a financial analyst and portfolio manager at Bank of America, Summit Investments, and Cole Financial Group.
She is a member of the Advisory Board of the College of Engineering at UC Berkeley, a former Trustee of the University of California, Berkeley Foundation Board and has served as an Advisory Board Member at the Haas School of Business.
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Steve Wozniak
Stephan Gary "Woz" Wozniak (born August 11, 1950) is an American computer engineer and programmer who founded Apple Computer (now Apple Inc.) with Steve Jobs and Ronald Wayne. Wozniak created the Apple I computer and co-created the Apple II computer in the mid-1970s, which contributed significantly to the microcomputer revolution of that era.
Wozniak has been referred to frequently by the nickname "Woz" or "The Woz”; "WoZ" (short for "Wheels of Zeus") is also the name of a company Wozniak founded.
Wozniak met Steve Jobs when fellow Homestead High School student, Bill Fernandez, introduced them to each other. In 1970, they became friends when Jobs worked for the summer at Hewlett-Packard (HP), where Wozniak was working on a mainframe computer. According to Wozniak's autobiography, iWoz, Jobs had the idea to sell a computer as a fully assembled printed circuit board. Wozniak, at first skeptical, was later convinced by Jobs that even if they were not successful they could at least say to their grandkids they had had their own company. Together they sold some of their possessions (such as Wozniak's HP scientific calculator and Jobs' Volkswagen van), raised USD $1,300, and assembled the first prototypes in Jobs' bedroom and later (when there was no space left) in Jobs' garage. Wozniak's apartment in San Jose was filled with monitors, electronic devices, and some computer games Wozniak had developed.
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Steven Chu
Steven Chu (Chinese: 朱棣文; pinyin: Zhū Dìwén) is an American physicist and the 12th United States Secretary of Energy. Chu is known for his research at Bell Labs in cooling and trapping of atoms with laser light, which won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1997, along with his scientific colleagues Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William Daniel Phillips. At the time of his appointment as Energy Secretary, he was a professor of physics and molecular and cellular biology at the University of California, Berkeley and the director of the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, where his research was concerned primarily with the study of biological systems at the single molecule level. Previously, he had been a professor of physics at Stanford University. He is a vocal advocate for more research into renewable energy and nuclear power, arguing that a shift away from fossil fuels is essential to combating climate change. For example, he has conceived of a global "glucose economy", a form of a low-carbon economy, in which glucose from tropical plants is shipped around like oil is today.
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Steven Levy
Steven Levy (born 1951) is an American journalist who has written several books on computers, technology, cryptography, the Internet, cybersecurity, and privacy.
Levy is a senior writer for Wired. Previously, he was chief technology writer and a senior editor for Newsweek. Levy has had articles published in Harper's, Macworld, The New York Times Magazine, The New Yorker, Premiere, and Rolling Stone. He is regarded (along with Walter Mossberg) as a prominent and respected critic of Apple Inc. In July 2004, Levy wrote a cover story (which also featured an interview with Apple CEO Steve Jobs) which unveiled the 4th generation of the iPod to the world before Apple had officially done so, an unusual event since Apple is well known for its tight-lipped press policy.
Levy has won several awards, including the "Computer Press Association Award" for a report he co-wrote in 1998 on the Year 2000 problem.
In 1978, Steven Levy rediscovered Albert Einstein's brain in the office of the pathologist who removed and preserved it.
wn.com/Steven_Levy -
Stewart Copeland
Stewart Armstrong Copeland (born July 16, 1952) is an American musician, best known as the drummer for the band The Police. During the group's extended hiatus from the mid-1980s to 2007, he played in other bands and composed soundtracks. Copeland was ranked by a Rolling Stone magazine reader poll in 2010 as the fifth greatest drummer of all time.
Copeland was born in Alexandria, Virginia, the youngest of four children of CIA officer Miles Copeland, Jr. and Scottish archaeologist Lorraine Adie. The family moved to Cairo, Egypt a few months after his birth, and Copeland spent his formative years in the Middle East. In 1957, the family moved to Beirut, Lebanon and Copeland attended the American Community School there. He started drum lessons at age twelve and by age thirteen he was playing drums for school dances. Later he moved to England and attended Millfield from 1967 to 1969. Copeland went to college in California, attending United States International University and UC Berkeley. Returning to England, he worked as road manager for the progressive rock band Curved Air's 1974 reunion tour, and then assumed drumming duties for the band during 1975 and 1976.
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Stoney Burke
Stoney Burke is a California street performer and actor.
Burke performs political comedy on college campuses, most notably at the University of California, Berkeley near Sather Gate. Burke routinely engages crowds throughout the day using conservative Republican perspectives as his primary satire subject matter. Burke hosts a TV show called "Stoney Speaks" on public-access television cable TV. Burke was featured in a Swedish documentary called "An American in America". He played a soup kitchen server in the movie "Bartleby" (2001) and played a truck driver in the movie "Matrix Reloaded" (2003). He had a major role playing Lockheed Martin in Craig Baldwin's "Mock Up on Mu".
The San Francisco Board of Supervisors in November, 2006, passed a resolution that declared November 14, 2007 "Stoney, A Clown Who Rabble Rouses In Defense of Free Speech, Day".
The University of California, Berkeley sailing team hosts an annual college sailing regatta named in Burke's honor.
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Susan Sarandon
Susan Sarandon (born Susan Abigail Tomalin; October 4, 1946) is an American actress. She has worked in movies and television since 1969, and won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in the 1995 film Dead Man Walking. She had also been nominated for the award for four films before that and has received other recognition for her work. She is also noted for her social and political activism for a variety of liberal causes.
Sarandon was born Susan Abigail Tomalin in New York City to a Roman Catholic family. She is the eldest of nine children of Lenora Marie (née Criscione) and Phillip Leslie Tomalin, who worked as an advertising executive, television producer, and nightclub singer during the big band era. Her father was of English, Irish, and Welsh ancestry, his English ancestors being from Hackney in London. On her mother's side, she is of Italian descent, with ancestors from the regions of Tuscany and Sicily. Sarandon attended Roman Catholic schools.[citation needed] She grew up in Edison, New Jersey, where she graduated from Edison High School in 1964. She then attended The Catholic University of America, from 1964 to 1968, where she began dating actor Chris Sarandon whom she married in 1967.
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Susanna Hoffs
Susanna Lee Hoffs (born January 17, 1959) is an American vocalist, guitarist and actress. She is best known as a member of the all-female pop band the Bangles.
Hoffs was born on the Westside of Los Angeles, California to a Jewish family. Her mother, Tamar Simon Hoffs, played Beatles music for Hoffs when she was a child, and she began playing the guitar in her teens. Hoffs attended Palisades High School in Pacific Palisades, Los Angeles. In 1980, she graduated from University of California, Berkeley with a Bachelor degree in Art. When she entered Berkeley she was a fan of Classic Rock bands that played in large stadiums. While a student at Berkeley, she attended the final Sex Pistols show at Winterland and a Patti Smith concert. Exposure to punk rock changed her career goal from dancer to musician in a band. She eventually joined Vicki Peterson and Debbi Peterson in what would later become the pop music group The Bangles.
The Bangles' first recorded release was a self-titled EP in 1982 on the Faulty Products Label. The Bangles released their first full album All Over the Place in 1984 on Columbia Records. They had a moderate hit with the single "Hero Takes a Fall", but their commercial breakthrough came with the album Different Light in 1986, which produced the hit singles "Manic Monday" and "Walk Like an Egyptian".
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Tarik Glenn
Tarik Glenn (born May 25, 1976 in Cleveland, Ohio) is a former American football offensive tackle who played for the Indianapolis Colts. Glenn performed as two-way lineman at Bishop O'Dowd High School in Oakland, California.
He attended the University of California, Berkeley, where he was a four-year letterman and two-year starter. He started his career at defensive tackle before moving to offensive tackle in his junior year. He was selected with the Colts' first pick (#19 overall) in the 1997 NFL Draft. He has started all 16 games in seven of his ten pro seasons, and only missed six games in 2003 with a knee injury. He made his first Pro Bowl appearance in 2005. The NFL told Glenn that he would also appear in the 2006 Pro Bowl, however they later informed him that he did not receive enough votes and that he would be an alternate. Glenn did end up participating in the 2006 Pro Bowl replacing the injured Willie Roaf. Tony Dungy, who generally backs the NFL, verbally stated that he was disappointed with the way in which the NFL handled this particular situation.
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Terry McMillan
Terry McMillan (born October 18, 1951, in Port Huron, Michigan) is an American author. Her interest in books comes from working at a library when she was sixteen. She received her BA in journalism in 1986 at University of California, Berkeley. Her work is characterized by strong female protagonists.
Her first book, Mama, was published in 1987.[citation needed] She achieved national attention in 1992 with her third novel, Waiting to Exhale, which remained on The New York Times bestseller list for many months. In 1995, Forest Whitaker turned it into a film starring Whitney Houston. In 1998, another of McMillan's novels, How Stella Got Her Groove Back, was made into a movie. McMillan's novel Disappearing Acts was subsequently produced as a direct-to-cable feature, starring Wesley Snipes and Sanaa Lathan. She also wrote the best seller A Day Late and a Dollar Short. The Interruption of Everything was published on July 19, 2005. Getting to Happy, the long-awaited sequel to Waiting to Exhale, was published on September 7, 2010.
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Tom Cruise
Thomas Cruise Mapother IV ( /ˈtɒməs ˈkruːz ˈmeɪpɒθər/; born July 3, 1962), widely known as Tom Cruise, is an American film actor and producer. He has been nominated for three Academy Awards and has won three Golden Globe Awards for the same movies: Born on the Fourth of July (1989), Jerry Maguire (1996), Magnolia (1999). He started his career with the movie Endless Love. Cruise's first appearance in a major film was in 1981's Taps. His first leading role was in the film Risky Business, released in August 1983. Cruise played the role of a heroic naval pilot in the popular and successful 1986 film Top Gun, and also secret agent Ethan Hunt in the series of Mission: Impossible action films.
He has starred in a variety of other successful films, including: Rain Man (1988), Days of Thunder (1990), A Few Good Men (1992), Vanilla Sky (2001), Minority Report (2002), The Last Samurai (2003), Collateral (2004), and War of the Worlds (2005).
Since 2005, Cruise and Paula Wagner have been in charge of the United Artists film studio, with Cruise as producer and star and Wagner as the chief executive. Cruise is also known for his support of and adherence to the Church of Scientology.
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Troy Aikman
Troy Kenneth Aikman (born November 21, 1966) is a former American football quarterback for the Dallas Cowboys in the National Football League. The number one overall draft pick in 1989, Aikman played twelve consecutive seasons as quarterback with the Cowboys. During his career he was a six-time Pro Bowl selection, led the team to three Super Bowl victories, and was the Super Bowl XXVII MVP. Aikman was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2006 and to the College Football Hall of Fame on December 9, 2008 in New York City.
Currently he works as a television sportscaster for the Fox network. He is a former joint owner of the NASCAR Sprint Cup racing team, Hall of Fame Racing, along with fellow former Cowboys quarterback Roger Staubach, and is a part-owner of the San Diego Padres.
The New York Mets offered Aikman a contract out of high school, but instead of playing baseball he chose to pursue football and attended the University of Oklahoma under head coach Barry Switzer.
In 1985, his first season as a collegiate starter, Aikman led the Sooners to wins over Minnesota, Kansas State, and #17 Texas in the Red River Shootout before hosting the Miami Hurricanes and his future head coach Jimmy Johnson.
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Uma Thurman
Uma Karuna Thurman (born April 29, 1970) is an American actress and model. She has performed in leading roles in a variety of films, ranging from romantic comedies and dramas to science fiction and action movies. She received an Academy Award nomination for the Quentin Tarantino film Pulp Fiction (1994) and she won a Golden Globe Award for her performance in Hysterical Blindness (2002).
Thurman was born in Boston to Nena von Schlebrügge and Robert Thurman, and grew up mostly in Amherst, Massachusetts, where she went to Amherst Regional Middle School, and then moved to Woodstock, New York. Her father gave his children a Buddhist upbringing, and she is named after an Dbuma Chenpo (in Tibetan, the "db" is silent; from Mahamadhyamaka in Sanskrit, meaning "Great Middle Way"). Regarding religion, she now calls herself agnostic. She has three brothers, Ganden (b. 1968), Dechen (b. 1973), and Mipam (b. 1978), and a half-sister named Taya (b. 1960), from her father's previous marriage. She and her siblings spent time in Almora, Uttarakhand, India, during childhood, and the Dalai Lama sometimes visited their home. She is described as having been an awkward and introverted girl who was teased for her tall frame, angular bone structure, enormous feet and unusual name (sometimes using the name “Uma Karen” instead of her birth name). When she was 10 years old, a friend's mother suggested a nose job. As a child, she suffered bouts of body dysmorphic disorder, which she discussed in an interview with Talk magazine in 2001. She attended Amherst Public Schools. In the 8th grade she discovered her love for acting. Talent scouts noticed her performance as Abigail in a production of The Crucible, and offered her the chance to act professionally. Thurman attended Northfield Mount Hermon School, an elite preparatory school in Massachusetts, before dropping out to pursue a career in acting.
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Vincent van Gogh
Vincent Willem van Gogh (UK /ˌvæn ˈɡɒx/, US /ˌvæn ˈɡoʊ/;Dutch: [vɑŋ ˈɣɔχ] ( listen); 30 March 1853 – 29 July 1890) was a Dutch post-Impressionist painter whose work, notable for its rough beauty, emotional honesty, and bold color, had a far-reaching influence on 20th-century art. After years of painful anxiety and frequent bouts of mental illness, he died at the age of 37 from a gunshot wound, generally accepted to be self-inflicted (although no gun was ever found). His work was then known to only a handful of people and appreciated by fewer still.
Van Gogh began to draw as a child, and he continued to draw throughout the years that led up to his decision to become an artist. He did not begin painting until his late twenties, completing many of his best-known works during the last two years of his life. In just over a decade, he produced more than 2,100 artworks, consisting of 860 oil paintings and more than 1,300 watercolors, drawings, sketches and prints. His work included self portraits, landscapes, still lifes of flowers, portraits and paintings of cypresses, wheat fields and sunflowers.
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Walter Plunkett
Walter Plunkett (Born June 5, 1902 in Oakland, California - Died March 8, 1982) was a prolific costume designer who worked on more than 150 projects throughout his career in the Hollywood film industry.
Born in Oakland, California, Plunkett studied law at the University of California, where he was a member of the California-Alpha chapter of Sigma Phi Epsilon fraternity, but showed greater interest in the school's theatrical group. He moved to New York City in 1923 and began work as a stage actor as well as a costume and set designer. After some time in Greenwich Village, he moved back to California, this time to Hollywood, and found work as a movie extra. (He can be seen dancing with Irene, another future top designer, in Erich von Stroheim's 1925 film The Merry Widow.) He soon made a career change to costume and wardrobe.
Plunkett's first credited work as a costume designer was the 1927 film Hard-Boiled Haggerty. At RKO, he developed a huge costume and wardrobe department that became a major studio asset. Given free rein, he set about creating costumes that rivaled the work of his contemporaries, such as Travis Banton and Adrian.
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Warren Robinett
Joseph Warren Robinett, Jr. (born December 25, 1951) is a designer of interactive computer graphics software, notable as the developer of the Atari 2600's Adventure — the first graphical adventure video game — and as a founder of The Learning Company, where he designed Rocky's Boots and Robot Odyssey. More recently he has worked on virtual reality projects.
Robinett graduated in 1974 with a B.A. from Rice University, with a major in "Computer Applications to Language and Art". After graduating from Rice University, he was a Fortran programmer for Western Geophysical in Houston, Texas. He received an M.S. from University of California, Berkeley in 1976, and went to work at Atari in November 1977.
His first effort at Atari was Slot Racers for the Atari 2600. While he was working on it, he had discovered and played Crowther and Woods' Colossal Cave Adventure at the Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, and decided that a graphical video game version "would be really cool". However, with 128 bytes of RAM and 4096 bytes of ROM, Atari's Adventure was a much simpler program, and with only a joystick for input, the set of "commands" was necessarily brief. Even so, Adventure was a hit upon its 1979 release, and eventually sold a million copies.
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Willard Libby
Willard Frank Libby (December 17, 1908 – September 8, 1980) was an American physical chemist noted for his role in the 1949 development of radiocarbon dating, a process which revolutionized archaeology.
Libby was born in Grand Valley, Colorado. He received his B.S. in 1931 and Ph.D. in 1933 in chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley, where he then became a lecturer and later assistant professor. Libby spent the 1930s building sensitive geiger counters to measure weak natural and artificial radioactivity. In 1941 he joined Berkeley's chapter of Alpha Chi Sigma.
Awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship, he spent most of 1941 at Princeton University. After the start of World War II, he worked on the Manhattan Project at Columbia University with Nobel laureate chemist Harold Urey. Libby was responsible for the gaseous diffusion separation and enrichment of the uranium-235 which was used in the atomic bomb on Hiroshima.
In 1945 he became a professor at the University of Chicago. In 1954, he was appointed to the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. In 1959, he became Professor of Chemistry at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), a position he held until his retirement in 1976. He taught honors freshman chemistry from 1959 to 1963 (in keeping with a University tradition that senior faculty teach this class). He was Director of the University of California statewide Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics (IGPP) for many years including the lunar landing time. In 1966 he married his second wife Leona Woods Marshall, an original experimenter on the world's first nuclear reactor and a UCLA professor of environmental engineering. He also started the first Environmental Engineering program at UCLA in 1972.
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William Jolitz
William Frederick Jolitz (born February 22, 1957), commonly known as Bill Jolitz, is an American software programmer best known for developing the 386BSD operating system from 1989 to 1994 along with his wife Lynne Jolitz.
Jolitz received his BA in Computer Science from UC Berkeley.
He and his wife reside in Los Gatos, California with their children Rebecca, Benjamin and Sarah.
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Willis Lamb
Willis Eugene Lamb, Jr. (July 12, 1913 – May 15, 2008) was an American physicist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1955 together with Polykarp Kusch "for his discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum". Lamb and Kusch were able to precisely determine certain electromagnetic properties of the electron (see Lamb shift). Lamb was a professor at the University of Arizona College of Optical Sciences.
Lamb was born in Los Angeles, California, United States and attended Los Angeles High School. First admitted in 1930, he received a Bachelor of Science in Chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley in 1934. For theoretical work on scattering of neutrons by a crystal, guided by J. Robert Oppenheimer, he received the Ph.D. in physics in 1938. Because of limited computational methods available at the time, this research narrowly missed revealing the Mössbauer Effect, 19 years before its recognition by Mössbauer. Lamb was the Wykeham Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford from 1956 to 1962, and also taught at Yale, Columbia, Stanford and the University of Arizona. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1963.
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Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Urdu: ذوالفقار علی بھٹو, Sindhi: ذوالفقار علي ڀُٽو, IPA: [zʊlfɪqɑːɾ ɑli bʱʊʈːoː]) (5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979) was 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977, and prior to that, 4th President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973. Bhutto was the founder of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) and served as its chairman until his execution in 1979. His elder daughter, Benazir Bhutto, later also served as Prime Minister, while his son Murtaza Bhutto served as member of Parliament of Pakistan.
Educated at the University of Southern California and University of California, Berkeley in the United States and the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, Bhutto was noted for his progressive economic initiatives, industrialisation, education, and foreign policy, and his intellectualism. In addition to national security issues, Bhutto promoted his policies on nationalisation, health care, and social reforms. Under his premiership, Pakistan's Parliament gave approval and passed unanimously the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan, a supreme law that provides a parliamentary system to Pakistan, strengthened Sino-Pakistani and Saudi-Pakistani relations, recognised East-Pakistan as Bangladesh, and hosted the second Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) in 1974 where he delegated and invited leaders from the Muslim world to Lahore, Punjab Province of Pakistan. In July 1972, Bhutto successfully proceeded the Shimla treaty, signed with Indira Gandhi of India, brought 93,000 Prisoners of War back to Pakistan, and secured 5,000 sq mi (13,000 km2) held by India. In 20 January 1972, weeks after the Indo-Pakistani 1971 winter war, Bhutto orchestrated, authorised, and administrated the scientific research on nuclear weapons; for this, he is colloquially known in the world as "Father of the Pakistan's nuclear deterrent programme".
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Émile Bénard
Henri Jean Émile Bénard (June 23, 1844 in Goderville - October 15, 1929 in Paris), was a French architect and painter. Trained at the Beaux-Arts, Bénard was the winner of The Phoebe Hearst International Architectural Competition and the Berkeley Campus in 1899 with his project "Roma." The competition and his design led to the current University of California, Berkeley Campus Architecture.
Bénard's design for the campus architecture won the competition for successfully addressing all of the concerns that the competition's jury had. Bénard's scheme won unanimous praise for having successfully addressed all of the jury's concerns. The elevations were judged to be excellent in scale and proportion, with the drawings done beautifully. The only weakness noted was that some of the buildings in the upper part of the plan were too far from those with related departments, making some rearrangement necessary. In the end, the jury declared Bénard the architect to be entrusted with the execution of the work.
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UC Berkeley Undergraduate Admissions
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:36
- Updated: 11 Feb 2013
Ever wonder what it takes to apply to UC Berkeley? Check out this new video for some tips and insight to the application process.
http://wn.com/UC_Berkeley_Undergraduate_Admissions
Ever wonder what it takes to apply to UC Berkeley? Check out this new video for some tips and insight to the application process.
Moving In... [UC Berkeley]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:49
- Updated: 04 Feb 2013
UC Berkeley freshmen arrive from around California and around the world. It's a bittersweet moment for the parents who have come to Cal to help their sons and daughters on Move-In Day.
http://wn.com/Moving_In_UC_Berkeley_
UC Berkeley freshmen arrive from around California and around the world. It's a bittersweet moment for the parents who have come to Cal to help their sons and daughters on Move-In Day.
- published: 09 Oct 2007
- views: 66340
- author: DC4Cal
UC Berkeley: This Is Bear Territory
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 2:28
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
Share the Berkeley spirit, and tell the whole wide world THIS IS BEAR TERRITORY! "Like" us on Facebook: facebook.com Video by Portal A Original Music by Eddy Kleinhans Editing/Graphics by Cinesaurus Note: When using real chemicals in a lab, always wear your safety glasses.
http://wn.com/UC_Berkeley_This_Is_Bear_Territory
Share the Berkeley spirit, and tell the whole wide world THIS IS BEAR TERRITORY! "Like" us on Facebook: facebook.com Video by Portal A Original Music by Eddy Kleinhans Editing/Graphics by Cinesaurus Note: When using real chemicals in a lab, always wear your safety glasses.
- published: 13 Aug 2012
- views: 52581
- author: ucberkeleycampuslife
Integrative Biology 131 - Lecture 01: Organization of Body
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 45:02
- Updated: 11 Feb 2013
Integrative Biology 131: General Human Anatomy. Fall 2005. Professor Marian Diamond. The functional anatomy of the human body as revealed by gross and microscopic examination. The Department of Integrative Biology offers a program of instruction that focuses on the integration of structure and function in the evolution of diverse biological systems. It investigates integration at all levels of organization from molecules to the biosphere, and in all taxa of organisms from viruses to higher plants and animals. The department uses many traditional fields and levels of complexity in forging new research directions, asking new questions, and answering traditional questions in new ways. The various...
http://wn.com/Integrative_Biology_131_Lecture_01_Organization_of_Body
Integrative Biology 131: General Human Anatomy. Fall 2005. Professor Marian Diamond. The functional anatomy of the human body as revealed by gross and microscopic examination. The Department of Integrative Biology offers a program of instruction that focuses on the integration of structure and function in the evolution of diverse biological systems. It investigates integration at all levels of organization from molecules to the biosphere, and in all taxa of organisms from viruses to higher plants and animals. The department uses many traditional fields and levels of complexity in forging new research directions, asking new questions, and answering traditional questions in new ways. The various...
- published: 21 Aug 2007
- views: 779183
- author: UCBerkeley
Super Mario Style - UC Berkeley Gangnam Style Flashmob [Official version]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:05
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
Thanks to everyone who helped out with this! Special thanks to Antec for the wireless speakers :) Mario: www.facebook.com Luigi: www.facebook.com Toad: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.twitter.com Formspring: www.formspring.me JayFunk: www.twitter.com Fiasko: www.twitter.com
http://wn.com/Super_Mario_Style_UC_Berkeley_Gangnam_Style_Flashmob_Official_version_
Thanks to everyone who helped out with this! Special thanks to Antec for the wireless speakers :) Mario: www.facebook.com Luigi: www.facebook.com Toad: www.facebook.com Twitter: www.twitter.com Formspring: www.formspring.me JayFunk: www.twitter.com Fiasko: www.twitter.com
- published: 12 Oct 2012
- views: 206545
- author: OriginalCass
Berkeley Ridiculously Automated Dorm (BRAD)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:57
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
During my freshman year at UC Berkeley, I set out to create the most ridiculously automated dorm room in the school ever. Three months and several hundred dollars later, BRAD has been completed! FAQs! That party music? Avicii - Levels & Sebastian Ingrosso & Alesso - Calling W/ Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike - Generation X My screen went crazy during the strobe lights. What kind of black magic is this? The camera records at 29.97 fps, slower than the frequency of the strobe light. Why does the motor make my ears bleed? It was designed to move drapes up to 35 lbs.
http://wn.com/Berkeley_Ridiculously_Automated_Dorm_BRAD
During my freshman year at UC Berkeley, I set out to create the most ridiculously automated dorm room in the school ever. Three months and several hundred dollars later, BRAD has been completed! FAQs! That party music? Avicii - Levels & Sebastian Ingrosso & Alesso - Calling W/ Dimitri Vegas & Like Mike - Generation X My screen went crazy during the strobe lights. What kind of black magic is this? The camera records at 29.97 fps, slower than the frequency of the strobe light. Why does the motor make my ears bleed? It was designed to move drapes up to 35 lbs.
- published: 30 Apr 2012
- views: 1862684
- author: Derek Low
LA you're not BERKELEY enough [UC Berkeley]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:22
- Updated: 10 Feb 2013
DJ Dave (David Wittman) defends LA-based Cal alums against the charge that they're not Berkeley enough.
http://wn.com/LA_you're_not_BERKELEY_enough_UC_Berkeley_
DJ Dave (David Wittman) defends LA-based Cal alums against the charge that they're not Berkeley enough.
- published: 06 Oct 2012
- views: 41047
- author: DC4Cal
"Thanks to Berkeley..." [UC Berkeley]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:23
- Updated: 09 Feb 2013
A stirring 4-minute film showing the University of California, Berkeley--the campus and its surroundings, and Berkeley's students and their pride in Cal's academics and athletics, (From the Southern California launch of the Campaign for Berkeley.) campaign.berkeley.edu
http://wn.com/Thanks_to_Berkeley_UC_Berkeley_
A stirring 4-minute film showing the University of California, Berkeley--the campus and its surroundings, and Berkeley's students and their pride in Cal's academics and athletics, (From the Southern California launch of the Campaign for Berkeley.) campaign.berkeley.edu
- published: 28 Oct 2009
- views: 25227
- author: DC4Cal
BERKELEY STYLE (벜대스타일) : PSY- Gangnam Style (강남스타일) global parody cover FULL
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:12
- Updated: 11 Feb 2013
KPG Cal & KUNA '벜대스타일' OFFICIAL FULL VERSION in HD 10/12/2012 Pinned/Re-shared on UC BERKELEY's main facebook page 10/04/2012 Spreecast group interview 10/03/2012 CalTV infocus segment interview 09/28/2012 Myx TV global 'Gangnam Style' parody contest 2nd Place (runner-up) 09/26/2012 Asian American Studies 138 Special Guest presentation (UC Berkeley) 09/21/2012 Broadcasted in S.Korea on MBC (MBC스페셜) 09/17/2012 Introduced through WIKITREE social news (S.Korea) 09/14/2012 Shared on UC BERKELEY's main facebook page 08/29/2012 Introduced through The Daily Clog (blog by the Daily Californian) 08/28/2012 Aired on OnDemandKorea and shared by additional companies, organizations, websites... Lyrics Translated We are Berkeley Style Berkeley Style At first, a 1st year college girl who is frosh-fresh with exceptionally good looking body and face figure, a girl who is refreshingly cute yet, a week later, a girl who doesn't put any makeup on when going to classes (Wheeler Hall at UC Berkeley) A girl with that kind of twist I am a guy At the beginning of semester, a guy who was just as fashionable as you were Nonetheless, a week later, a guy who puts on his worn-out sweatshirts and flip flops all of a sudden all-nighter; oversleeping; slacking; just missing classes That kind of guy Beautiful, lovely Yes you, hey, yes you, hey Beautiful, lovely Yes you, hey, yes you, hey Now let us all go to KUNA (Korean Undergraduate Networking Association) We are Berkeley Style Berkeley Style ...
http://wn.com/BERKELEY_STYLE_벜대스타일_PSY_Gangnam_Style_강남스타일_global_parody_cover_FULL
KPG Cal & KUNA '벜대스타일' OFFICIAL FULL VERSION in HD 10/12/2012 Pinned/Re-shared on UC BERKELEY's main facebook page 10/04/2012 Spreecast group interview 10/03/2012 CalTV infocus segment interview 09/28/2012 Myx TV global 'Gangnam Style' parody contest 2nd Place (runner-up) 09/26/2012 Asian American Studies 138 Special Guest presentation (UC Berkeley) 09/21/2012 Broadcasted in S.Korea on MBC (MBC스페셜) 09/17/2012 Introduced through WIKITREE social news (S.Korea) 09/14/2012 Shared on UC BERKELEY's main facebook page 08/29/2012 Introduced through The Daily Clog (blog by the Daily Californian) 08/28/2012 Aired on OnDemandKorea and shared by additional companies, organizations, websites... Lyrics Translated We are Berkeley Style Berkeley Style At first, a 1st year college girl who is frosh-fresh with exceptionally good looking body and face figure, a girl who is refreshingly cute yet, a week later, a girl who doesn't put any makeup on when going to classes (Wheeler Hall at UC Berkeley) A girl with that kind of twist I am a guy At the beginning of semester, a guy who was just as fashionable as you were Nonetheless, a week later, a guy who puts on his worn-out sweatshirts and flip flops all of a sudden all-nighter; oversleeping; slacking; just missing classes That kind of guy Beautiful, lovely Yes you, hey, yes you, hey Beautiful, lovely Yes you, hey, yes you, hey Now let us all go to KUNA (Korean Undergraduate Networking Association) We are Berkeley Style Berkeley Style ...
- published: 25 Aug 2012
- views: 949057
- author: AndyJongWonKim
Eric Schmidt - UC Berkeley Commencement Address - May 12, 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:59
- Updated: 23 Jan 2013
Spring Commencement Ceremony, May 12, 2012 Keynote Speaker Eric E. Schmidt MS '79, Ph.D. '82 Executive Chairman, Google commencement.berkeley.edu
http://wn.com/Eric_Schmidt_UC_Berkeley_Commencement_Address_May_12,_2012
Spring Commencement Ceremony, May 12, 2012 Keynote Speaker Eric E. Schmidt MS '79, Ph.D. '82 Executive Chairman, Google commencement.berkeley.edu
- published: 18 May 2012
- views: 4845
- author: UCBerkeleyEvents
'I Am Offended!' - Richard Dawkins @ UC Berkeley
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:34
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
www.facebook.com ... 'I Am Offended!' - Richard Dawkins @ UC Berkeley. --- Please subscribe to Science & Reason: • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com ---Richard Dawkins is a British ethologist, evolutionary biologist and popular science author. He was formerly Professor for Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University. He was voted Britain's leading public intellectual by readers of Prospect magazine and was named one of Time Magazine's "100 Most Influential People" for 2007. Dawkins came to prominence with his 1976 book "The Selfish Gene", which popularised the gene-centred view of evolution and introduced the term "meme". He is a prominent critic of creationism and intelligent design. In his 1986 book "The Blind Watchmaker", he argued against the watchmaker analogy, an argument for the existence of a supernatural creator based upon the complexity of living organisms. Instead, he described evolutionary processes as analogous to a blind watchmaker. He has since written several popular science books, and makes regular television and radio appearances, predominantly discussing these topics. Richard Dawkins is an atheist, secular humanist, sceptic, scientific rationalist, and supporter of the Brights movement. In his 2006 book "The God Delusion", he contends that a supernatural creator almost certainly does not exist and that faith qualifies as a delusion − as a fixed false belief. • www.richarddawkins.net • http • tinyurl.com If you enjoy the video ...
http://wn.com/'I_Am_Offended!'_Richard_Dawkins_@_UC_Berkeley
www.facebook.com ... 'I Am Offended!' - Richard Dawkins @ UC Berkeley. --- Please subscribe to Science & Reason: • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com • www.youtube.com ---Richard Dawkins is a British ethologist, evolutionary biologist and popular science author. He was formerly Professor for Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University. He was voted Britain's leading public intellectual by readers of Prospect magazine and was named one of Time Magazine's "100 Most Influential People" for 2007. Dawkins came to prominence with his 1976 book "The Selfish Gene", which popularised the gene-centred view of evolution and introduced the term "meme". He is a prominent critic of creationism and intelligent design. In his 1986 book "The Blind Watchmaker", he argued against the watchmaker analogy, an argument for the existence of a supernatural creator based upon the complexity of living organisms. Instead, he described evolutionary processes as analogous to a blind watchmaker. He has since written several popular science books, and makes regular television and radio appearances, predominantly discussing these topics. Richard Dawkins is an atheist, secular humanist, sceptic, scientific rationalist, and supporter of the Brights movement. In his 2006 book "The God Delusion", he contends that a supernatural creator almost certainly does not exist and that faith qualifies as a delusion − as a fixed false belief. • www.richarddawkins.net • http • tinyurl.com If you enjoy the video ...
- published: 08 Oct 2008
- views: 612251
- author: FFreeThinker
Statistics 21 - Lecture 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 68:18
- Updated: 13 Feb 2013
Introductory Probability and Statistics for Business
http://wn.com/Statistics_21_Lecture_1
Introductory Probability and Statistics for Business
- published: 20 Jan 2010
- views: 207948
- author: UCBerkeley
Statistics 20 - Lecture 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 49:03
- Updated: 09 Feb 2013
Introduction to Probability and Statistics
http://wn.com/Statistics_20_Lecture_1
CS 61A Lecture 34: Mapreduce I
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 49:02
- Updated: 29 Jan 2013
CS61A The Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs Instructor Brian Harvey Spring 2008 Introduction to programming and computer science. This course exposes students to techniques of abstraction at several levels: (a) within a programming language, using higher-order functions, manifest types, data-directed programming, and message-passing; (b) between programming languages, using functional and rule-based languages as examples. It also relates these techniques to the practical problems of implementation of languages and algorithms on a von Neumann machine. There are several significant programming projects, programmed in a dialect of the LISP language.
http://wn.com/CS_61A_Lecture_34_Mapreduce_I
CS61A The Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs Instructor Brian Harvey Spring 2008 Introduction to programming and computer science. This course exposes students to techniques of abstraction at several levels: (a) within a programming language, using higher-order functions, manifest types, data-directed programming, and message-passing; (b) between programming languages, using functional and rule-based languages as examples. It also relates these techniques to the practical problems of implementation of languages and algorithms on a von Neumann machine. There are several significant programming projects, programmed in a dialect of the LISP language.
- published: 31 Jul 2008
- views: 30437
- author: UCBerkeley
Mario Savio: Sproul Hall Steps, December 2, 1964
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:26
- Updated: 10 Feb 2013
Enemy of the State "There is a time when the operation of the machine becomes so odious, makes you so sick at heart, that you can't take part; you can't even passively take part, and you've got to put your bodies upon the gears and upon the wheels, upon the levers, upon all the apparatus, and you've got to make it stop. And you've got to indicate to the people who run it, to the people who own it, that unless you're free, the machine will be prevented from working at all!" "Savio's moral clarity, his eloquence, and his democratic style of leadership inspired thousands of fellow Berkeley students to protest university regulations which severely limited political speech and activity on campus. The non-violent campaign culminated in the largest mass arrest in American history, drew widespread faculty support, and resulted in a revision of university rules to permit political speech and organising. This significant advance for student freedom rapidly spread to countless other colleges and universities across the country." [Via stonecast, see here: www.savio.org More here: tinyurl.com
http://wn.com/Mario_Savio_Sproul_Hall_Steps,_December_2,_1964
Enemy of the State "There is a time when the operation of the machine becomes so odious, makes you so sick at heart, that you can't take part; you can't even passively take part, and you've got to put your bodies upon the gears and upon the wheels, upon the levers, upon all the apparatus, and you've got to make it stop. And you've got to indicate to the people who run it, to the people who own it, that unless you're free, the machine will be prevented from working at all!" "Savio's moral clarity, his eloquence, and his democratic style of leadership inspired thousands of fellow Berkeley students to protest university regulations which severely limited political speech and activity on campus. The non-violent campaign culminated in the largest mass arrest in American history, drew widespread faculty support, and resulted in a revision of university rules to permit political speech and organising. This significant advance for student freedom rapidly spread to countless other colleges and universities across the country." [Via stonecast, see here: www.savio.org More here: tinyurl.com
- published: 18 Aug 2006
- views: 267538
- author: antagonised
1 of 10 UC Berkeley: Gary Taubes 11/7/2007
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:50
- Updated: 19 Jan 2013
www.diet-blog.com www.imminst.org The Quality of Calories: What Makes Us Fat and Why Nobody Seems to Care November 27, 2007, 04:00PM Sibley Auditorium View watch webcast Gary Taubes is a science journalist who has been published in the Atlantic Monthly, Discover, Esquire, GQ, Science, and many others. He has won the National Association of Science Writers Science in Society Award three times. His 2001 article, "The Soft Science of Dietary Fat," published in Science, was followed by "What if It's All Been a Big Fat Lie?" which saw print in 2002 in the New York Times Magazine. His book, Good Calories, Bad Calories: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom on Diet, Weight Control, and Disease, has just been released.
http://wn.com/1_of_10_UC_Berkeley_Gary_Taubes_11_7_2007
www.diet-blog.com www.imminst.org The Quality of Calories: What Makes Us Fat and Why Nobody Seems to Care November 27, 2007, 04:00PM Sibley Auditorium View watch webcast Gary Taubes is a science journalist who has been published in the Atlantic Monthly, Discover, Esquire, GQ, Science, and many others. He has won the National Association of Science Writers Science in Society Award three times. His 2001 article, "The Soft Science of Dietary Fat," published in Science, was followed by "What if It's All Been a Big Fat Lie?" which saw print in 2002 in the New York Times Magazine. His book, Good Calories, Bad Calories: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom on Diet, Weight Control, and Disease, has just been released.
- published: 02 Jan 2010
- views: 16946
- author: LatestNutrition
UC Berkeley Starcraft Class Lecture 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 87:30
- Updated: 03 Feb 2013
Props to Gamepro.com for hosting this lecture. I'll add some more info and the class website later.
http://wn.com/UC_Berkeley_Starcraft_Class_Lecture_1
Props to Gamepro.com for hosting this lecture. I'll add some more info and the class website later.
- published: 07 Feb 2009
- views: 330927
- author: VioleTAK
Save the University: Wendy Brown, Part 6
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 16:25
- Updated: 31 Jan 2013
A teach in by UC Berkeley faculty on the UC budget crisis
http://wn.com/Save_the_University_Wendy_Brown,_Part_6
A teach in by UC Berkeley faculty on the UC budget crisis
- published: 26 Sep 2009
- views: 24949
- author: calcommunitycontent
UC Berkeley E128 Final Project - Canon 10D DSLR v2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:56
- Updated: 11 Feb 2013
Canon 10D & 24-85mm F/3.5-4.5 Lens Animation Version 2 Presented by: Matthew Farrell Michelle Pang Michael Tom University of California, Berkeley Engineering 128 Advanced Engineering Design Graphics Spring 2008 Software Used: Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0 SolidWorks 2005 Autodesk Viz 2008 Songs Used: 零(零的自我分裂之歌) - Mars Soundtrack Thy Word - Michael W. Smith The Offering - Michael W. Smith ______________________________________ Original Version 1: www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/UC_Berkeley_E128_Final_Project_Canon_10D_DSLR_v2
Canon 10D & 24-85mm F/3.5-4.5 Lens Animation Version 2 Presented by: Matthew Farrell Michelle Pang Michael Tom University of California, Berkeley Engineering 128 Advanced Engineering Design Graphics Spring 2008 Software Used: Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire 3.0 SolidWorks 2005 Autodesk Viz 2008 Songs Used: 零(零的自我分裂之歌) - Mars Soundtrack Thy Word - Michael W. Smith The Offering - Michael W. Smith ______________________________________ Original Version 1: www.youtube.com
- published: 09 Jun 2008
- views: 86225
- author: sickofetcheverry
The Coming Collapse of the Middle Class
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 57:37
- Updated: 13 Feb 2013
Distinguished law scholar Elizabeth Warren teaches contract law, bankruptcy, and commercial law at Harvard Law School. She is an outspoken critic of America's credit economy, which she has linked to the continuing rise in bankruptcy among the middle-class. Series: "UC Berkeley Graduate Council Lectures" [6/2007] [Public Affairs] [Business] [Show ID: 12620]
http://wn.com/The_Coming_Collapse_of_the_Middle_Class
Distinguished law scholar Elizabeth Warren teaches contract law, bankruptcy, and commercial law at Harvard Law School. She is an outspoken critic of America's credit economy, which she has linked to the continuing rise in bankruptcy among the middle-class. Series: "UC Berkeley Graduate Council Lectures" [6/2007] [Public Affairs] [Business] [Show ID: 12620]
- published: 01 Feb 2008
- views: 844610
- author: UCtelevision
![UC Berkeley Gangnam Style Flash Mob [Unofficial]](http://web.archive.org./web/20130213114043im_/http://i.ytimg.com/vi/GtMGloCAP7g/default.jpg "UC Berkeley Gangnam Style Flash Mob [Unofficial]")
UC Berkeley Gangnam Style Flash Mob [Unofficial]
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:28
- Updated: 12 Feb 2013
Check out the 'official' video here: www.youtube.com Props to dancers www.youtube.com and www.youtube.com ! --------------------------------------------------------------------- Funtastic moment on Sproul Plaza today at noon. Apologies for the shakycam and the not-being-in-front-of-everyone-else. Recorded on a Sony NEX-5. --------------------------------------------------------------------- Imagine if a streaker gangname-styled in and made the whole video 18+
http://wn.com/UC_Berkeley_Gangnam_Style_Flash_Mob_Unofficial_
Check out the 'official' video here: www.youtube.com Props to dancers www.youtube.com and www.youtube.com ! --------------------------------------------------------------------- Funtastic moment on Sproul Plaza today at noon. Apologies for the shakycam and the not-being-in-front-of-everyone-else. Recorded on a Sony NEX-5. --------------------------------------------------------------------- Imagine if a streaker gangname-styled in and made the whole video 18+
- published: 12 Oct 2012
- views: 326084
- author: motnahpraw37
UC Berkeley Video Game Half-Time Show
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:37
- Updated: 22 Jan 2013
Video Game Half Time Show by the UC Berkeley Marching Band on November 3rd 2007. Games featuring Pong, Tetris, Mortal Kombat, Pokemon, Zelda and Mario.
http://wn.com/UC_Berkeley_Video_Game_Half-Time_Show
Video Game Half Time Show by the UC Berkeley Marching Band on November 3rd 2007. Games featuring Pong, Tetris, Mortal Kombat, Pokemon, Zelda and Mario.
- published: 15 Nov 2007
- views: 132411
- author: ZogDog
Practice of Art 23AC - Lecture 1
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 46:07
- Updated: 30 Jan 2013
Foundations of American Cyber-Culture
http://wn.com/Practice_of_Art_23AC_Lecture_1
photo: AP / Los Angeles Police Department
11 Feb 2013
A San Bernardino County sheriff's deputy searches a home for Christopher Dorner, a former police officer, on Sunday in Big Bear Lake, Calif. (Jae C. Hong, The Associated Press) ... "We will not tolerate anyone undermining the security of the community," Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa said at a news conference. "We will not tolerate this reign of terror." ... "He has targeted those we entrust to protect the public." ... Copyright 2012 The Denver Post ... ....(size: 2.3Kb)
photo: AP / Lee Jin-man
12 Feb 2013
A magnitude 5.1 “artificial earthquake” was reported near a nuclear test site in North Korea on Tuesday morning, with South Korean Defence Ministry officials telling local media that the seismic activity was the result of a third nuclear test conducted by the reclusive state ... The reported test has, however, not yet been confirmed by North Korean State media ... The move is set to heighten regional tensions ... Keywords....(size: 3.4Kb)
photo: White House / Pete Souza
12 Feb 2013
JULIAN BORGER. North Korea’s and Iran’s ambitions to become nuclear powers may make US plans to cut its own warheads difficult to pass. President Barack Obama is expected to address the threat posed by North Korea in tonight’s state of the union speech, after news of Pyongyang’s third underground nuclear test triggered some last-minute rewriting of the presidential text ... Obama speech ... ....(size: 4.8Kb)
photo: AP / Riccardo De Luca
12 Feb 2013
Pope Benedict XVI will not interfere in choosing his successor after his shock decision to resign at the end of the month, the pontiff's brother has said. Georg Ratzinger told the BBC the Pope would only "make himself available" if he were needed. Benedict said on Monday he would resign after nearly eight years as the head of the Catholic Church because he was too old to continue at the age of 85 ... But resignation is extremely rare....(size: 3.8Kb)
photo: AP / Kevin Frayer
11 Feb 2013
ALLAHABAD, India (Reuters) - A stampede at a railway station in northern India killed at least 36 Hindu pilgrims on Sunday, the busiest day of the world's largest religious festival at which some 30 million had gathered to wash away their sins in the sacred Ganges river. Twenty-seven of the dead were women, mostly elderly and poor. An eight-year-old girl was also crushed to death ... Daily Press Eyewitness ... M ... ....(size: 5.2Kb)
noodls
13 Feb 2013
Following a competitive process, UC Berkeley awarded the construction contract for the project to Plant Construction Company, which has begun work on site planning and mobilization ... Founded in 1963, the UC Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive (BAM/PFA) is UC Berkeley's primary visual arts venue and among the largest university art museums in terms of size and audience in the United States....(size: 4.6Kb)
noodls
13 Feb 2013
Scientists at UC Berkeley have now used the Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia to look for intelligent radio signals from planets around 86 of these stars ... in astronomy from UC Berkeley ... "The Kepler mission taught us there are a trillion planets in our Milky Way galaxy, more planets than there are stars," said UC ... Marcy of UC Berkeley; Andrew W....(size: 4.0Kb)
CNET
13 Feb 2013
In an attempt to preserve endangered languages, UC Berkeley scientists create a computer program that reconstructs ancient tongues using their modern descendants ... The language nerd in me, was, therefore, excited to discover that scientists from UC Berkeley and the University of British Columbia have created a computer program to rapidly reconstruct vocabularies of ancient languages using only their modern language descendants....(size: 5.9Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
13 Feb 2013
You can't tell from the street, but work has begun - finally - on the transformation of an aged printing plant into the $100 million home of the Berkeley Art Museum and Pacific Film Archive. The UC Berkeley cultural institution is moving from Bancroft Avenue to a downtown site at Center and Oxford streets ... After the move it will be strengthened and put to other uses by UC ... @johnkingsfchron ....(size: 1.8Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
13 Feb 2013
Las Vegas --. A UC Berkeley law student is fighting felony and misdemeanor charges in what prosecutors allege was the torture death and beheading of an exotic bird at a Las Vegas Strip resort ... Another Berkeley student charged in the case pleaded guilty Jan. 10 to a misdemeanor of instigating an act of cruelty to an animal charge. Eric Cuellar, 25, of Berkeley was fined $200 and ordered to pay $150 in restitution to the Flamingo ... ....(size: 2.0Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
13 Feb 2013
The "star" on a star-nosed mole is perhaps not the most attractive of facial appendages in the animal kingdom, but it's full of touch-sensitive nerves that are intriguing and delighting UC Berkeley scientists ... The UC Berkeley team was able to identify genes associated with those touch-sensitive cells, along with the handful of pain-sensitive cells in the snout ... Results of the UC Berkeley research were published Jan....(size: 7.5Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
13 Feb 2013
At UC, the $12,192 price tag is nearly twice what it was in 2006 ... The past several years have seen large, loud and sometimes violent student protests on many campuses, notably at UC Berkeley and UC Davis, where the pepper-spraying of peaceful demonstrators transformed the issue of tuition into a politically charged debate over police misconduct and free speech....(size: 4.4Kb)
San Francisco Chronicle
13 Feb 2013
With trademark deadpan wit, Gov ... As mayor of Oakland, Brown famously launched an initiative to bring 10,000 new residents to downtown ... Brown's remarks were part of a half-day conference in downtown Oakland on the future of housing in California, sponsored by the Fisher Center for Real Estate and Urban Economics at UC Berkeley's Haas School of Business ... "In cities like San Francisco, Los Angeles and Berkeley, it's even more ... ... E-mail....(size: 4.2Kb)
Newstrack India
13 Feb 2013
Tweet. Washington, Feb. 13 (ANI). Scientists have created an automated "time machine," which will help accelerate and improve the process of reconstructing hundreds of ancestral languages. Researchers from UC Berkeley and the University of British Columbia built a computer program that can rapidly reconstruct "proto-languages" - the linguistic ancestors from which all modern languages have evolved ... (ANI). Post comments.. ) .. ).. Comments. ... ....(size: 2.2Kb)
The Los Angeles Times
13 Feb 2013
Jerry Brown, fresh off his state budget-balancing act, and Bank of America Corp ... But neither Brown nor Moynihan offered any easy answers Tuesday at a UC Berkeley summit on the future of residential housing ... California's housing ups and downs have mirrored the nation's but are far more exaggerated, noted Ken Rosen of the Fisher Center for Real Estate and Urban Economics at UC Berkeley, who also spoke at the housing summit ... 0. ... ... ... ....(size: 8.8Kb)
Business Wire
13 Feb 2013
SANTA CLARA, Calif.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Berkeley Design Automation, Inc., provider of the world’s fastest nanometer circuit verification, today announced that I&C Technology Co., Ltd., a developer of mobile TV SoCs, has selected the Analog FastSPICE (AFS) Platform for analog, RF, and mixed-signal circuit verification ... About Berkeley Design Automation . Berkeley Design Automation, Inc....(size: 5.5Kb)
Yahoo Daily News
13 Feb 2013
In 2007, Ben and Ruth partnered with UC Santa Cruz to establish the Hammett Awards within the Department of Environmental Studies, supporting field studies by students to research climate change ... A Lexington native, Katsy did her undergraduate work at the University of Kentucky and taught school for three years, she later returned to school at UC Berkeley and earned a degree in Landscape Architecture ... About the company. ... Kari Martell ... ....(size: 5.0Kb)
| University of California, Berkeley | |
|---|---|
| 200px | |
| Motto | Latin: Fiat Lux |
| Motto in English | Let There Be Light |
| Established | March 23, 1868 |
| Type | Flagship Public |
| Endowment | $3.15 billion (June 2011)[1] |
| Chancellor | Robert J. Birgeneau |
| Undergraduates | 25,530 (Fall 2009)[2] |
| Postgraduates | 10,313 (Fall 2009)[2] |
| Location | Berkeley, California, United States |
| Campus | Urban 6,651 acres (2,692 ha)[3] |
| Nobel Laureates | 70[4] |
| Colors | Yale Blue California Gold |
| Athletics | 27 Varsity Teams NCAA Division I California Golden Bears |
| Mascot | Oski the Bear |
| Affiliations | AAU IARU Pacific-12 University of California |
| Website | Berkeley.edu |
 |
|
The University of California, Berkeley (also referred to as UC Berkeley, Berkeley, California, or simply Cal) is a public research university located in Berkeley, California, United States. The university occupies 1,232 acres (499 ha) on the eastern side of the San Francisco Bay with the central campus resting on 178 acres (72 ha).[3] Berkeley offers approximately 350 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines.[5] Established in 1868 as the result of merger of the private College of California and the public Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in Oakland, Berkeley is the oldest of the ten major campuses affiliated with the University of California (UC). Berkeley has been charged with providing both "classical" and "practical" education for the state's people and is generally considered to be the flagship institution in the University of California system.[6][7] Berkeley co-manages three United States Department of Energy National Laboratories, including the Los Alamos National Laboratory, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy.
Berkeley faculty, alumni, and researchers have won 70 Nobel Prizes, 9 Wolf Prizes, 7 Fields Medals, 15 Turing Awards, 45 MacArthur Fellowships,[8] 20 Academy Awards, and 11 Pulitzer Prizes. To date, UC Berkeley and its researchers are associated with 6 chemical elements of the periodic table (Californium, Seaborgium, Berkelium, Einsteinium, Fermium, Lawrencium) and Berkeley Lab has discovered 16 chemical elements in total – more than any other university in the world.[9] Berkeley is a founding member of the Association of American Universities and continues to have very high research activity with $652.4 million in research and development expenditures in 2009.[10][11] Berkeley physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer was the scientific director of the Manhattan Project that developed the first atomic bomb in the world, which he personally headquartered at Los Alamos, New Mexico, during World War II.
Berkeley student-athletes have won over 100 Olympic medals. Known as the California Golden Bears (often abbreviated as "Cal Bears" or just "Cal"), the athletic teams are members of both the Pacific-12 Conference and the Mountain Pacific Sports Federation in the NCAA. Cal athletes have won national titles in many sports, including football, men's and women's swimming, men's basketball, baseball, men's gymnastics, softball, water polo, rugby, and crew. The official colors of the university and its athletic teams are Yale Blue and California Gold.
Contents |
History[link]
Main article: History of the University of California, Berkeley
In 1866, the land comprising the current Berkeley campus was purchased by the private College of California. Because it lacked sufficient funds to operate, it eventually merged with the state-run Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College to form the University of California, the first full-curriculum public university in the state. The university opened in September 1869. Andrew Gabrielson was a trustee of the College of California and suggested that the college be named in honor of the Anglo-Irish philosopher George Berkeley.[12] In 1870 Henry Durant, the founder of the College of California, became the first president. With the completion of North and South Halls in 1873, the university relocated to its Berkeley location with 167 male and 222 female students and held its first classes.[13]
Beginning in 1891, Phoebe Apperson Hearst made several large gifts to Berkeley, funding a number of programs and new buildings, and sponsoring, in 1898, an international competition in Antwerp, Belgium, where French architect Emile Bernard submitted the winning design for a campus master plan. In 1905, the University Farm was established near Sacramento, ultimately becoming the University of California, Davis.[14] By the 1920s, the number of campus buildings had grown substantially, and included twenty structures designed by architect John Galen Howard.[15]
Robert Gordon Sproul served as president from 1930 to 1958.[16] By 1942, the American Council on Education ranked UC Berkeley second only to Harvard University in the number of distinguished departments.[16]
During World War II, following Glenn Seaborg's then-secret discovery of plutonium, Ernest Orlando Lawrence's Radiation Laboratory began to contract with the U.S. Army to develop the atomic bomb. UC Berkeley physics professor J. Robert Oppenheimer was named scientific head of the Manhattan Project in 1942.[17][18] Along with the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (formerly the Radiation Lab), Berkeley is now a partner in managing two other labs, Los Alamos National Laboratory (1943) and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (1952).
Originally, military training was compulsory for male undergraduates, and Berkeley housed an armory for that purpose. In 1917, Berkeley's ROTC program was established, and its School of Military Aeronautics trained future pilots, including Jimmy Doolittle, who graduated with a B.A. in 1922. Both Robert McNamara and Frederick C. Weyand graduated from UC Berkeley's ROTC program, earning B.A. degrees in 1937 and 1938, respectively. In 1926, future fleet admiral Chester W. Nimitz established the first Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps unit at Berkeley. During World War II, the military increased its presence on campus to recruit more officers, and by 1944, more than 1,000 Berkeley students were enrolled in the V-12 Navy College Training Program and naval training school for diesel engineering.[19] The Board of Regents ended compulsory military training at Berkeley in 1962.
During the McCarthy era in 1949, the Board of Regents adopted an anti-communist loyalty oath. A number of faculty members objected and were dismissed;[20] ten years passed before they were reinstated with back pay.[21]
In 1952, the University of California became an entity separate from the Berkeley campus. Each campus was given relative autonomy and its own Chancellor. Then-president Sproul assumed presidency of the entire University of California system, and Clark Kerr became the first Chancellor of UC Berkeley.[16]
Berkeley gained a reputation for student activism in the 1960s with the Free Speech Movement in 1964,[22] and opposition to the Vietnam War. In the highly publicized People's Park protest in 1969, students and the school conflicted over use of a plot of land; the National Guard was called in and violence erupted.[22][23] Modern students at Berkeley are less politically active, with a greater percentage of moderates and conservatives.[24][25] Democrats outnumber Republicans on the faculty by a ratio of 9:1.[26]
Various human and animal rights groups have recently conflicted with Berkeley. Native Americans conflicted with the school over repatriation of remains from the Phoebe A. Hearst Museum of Anthropology.[27] Animal-rights activists have threatened faculty members using animals for research.[28] The school's response to tree sitters protesting construction caused controversy in the local community.[29]
As state funding (now about 25%) has declined,[30] Berkeley has turned to private sources: BP donated $500 million to develop biofuels, the Hewlett Foundation gave $113 million to endow 100 faculty chairs, and Dow Chemical gave $10 million to research sustainability.[31][32] The BP grant has been criticized for diverting food production to fuel production.[33][34]
The original name University of California was frequently shortened to California or Cal. UC Berkeley's athletic teams date to this time and so are referred to as the California Golden Bears, Cal Bears, or just Cal. Today, University of California refers to a statewide school system. Referring to the University of California, Berkeley as UCB or University of California at Berkeley is discouraged[35] and the domain name is berkeley.edu. Moreover, the term "Cal Berkeley" is not a correct reference to the school, but is occasionally used. Berkeley is unaffiliated with the Berklee College of Music or Berkeley College. However, UC Berkeley does share academic ties with Yale University; not only were many original Berkeley founders Yale graduates (see below), but the names, University of California, Berkeley and Berkeley College (Yale), were inspired by the intellectual contributions of the western philosopher, George Berkeley.
Rankings[link]
The 2011 Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked Berkeley 4th in the world and the United States and 2nd in California. In terms of "fields", Berkeley is ranked 2nd in Natural Sciences and Mathematics, 3rd in Engineering/Technology and Computer, 4th in Social Sciences, 15th in Life and Agricultural Sciences, and 29th in Clinical Medicine and Pharmacy. In its "subject" ranking, Berkeley is ranked 2nd in Chemistry, 3rd in Mathematics, 3rd in Computer Science, 4th in Economics/Business, and 5th in Physics.[36] According to the US News & World Report Subject Rankings, Berkeley is ranked 4th in Arts & Humanities, 3rd in Engineering & IT, 5th in Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 5th in Natural and Physical Sciences, and 5th in Social Sciences.
| University rankings (overall) | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| ARWU[37] | 4 |
| U.S. News & World Report[38] | 21 |
| Washington Monthly[39] | 3 |
| Global | |
| ARWU[40] | 4 |
| QS[41] | 21 |
| Times[42] | 10 |
In 2012, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings named Berkeley the world's 5th most prestigious university, and one of six globally-recognized "super brands." [43] The 2011 Times Higher Education World University Rankings placed Berkeley 10th in the world, 7th in the United States, and 3rd in California.[44] The QS World University Rankings placed Berkeley 21st in the world, 14th in the United States, and 3rd in California.[45] (In 2010, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings and QS World University Rankings parted ways to produce separate rankings.) In the 2006 international edition of Newsweek, Berkeley was the fifth-ranked global university,[46] and the Center for Measuring University Performance placed Berkeley ninth among national research universities.[47]
Berkeley ranks 9th among universities that have produced the largest number of living billionaires.[48]
The Princeton Review ranks Berkeley as a college with a conscience[49] and the 5th best value in public colleges.[50]
The College Sustainability Report Card, published by the Sustainable Endowments Institute, gave Berkeley a B in 2009 for its efforts in environmental sustainability.[51]
Graduate Programs
U.S. News and World Report ranks UC Berkeley's professional programs among the best in the country. The Haas School of Business and Boalt School of Law both come in at 7th, while the Goldman School of Public Policy is ranked 6th, and the UC Berkeley School of Public Health is ranked 8th. UC Berkeley's graduate sciences also receive high marks, ranking 1st in Chemistry and Computer Science; 2nd in Math, Statistics, and Biological Sciences; 3rd in Earth Sciences; and 5th in Physics. UC Berkeley's graduate Engineering program is 3rd in overall quality, with specialty rankings of 1st in Civil Engineering, Electrical/ Electronic/ Communications Engineering, and Environmental/Environmental Health Engineering; 2nd in Chemical Engineering; and 3rd in Computer Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and Industrial/ Manufacturing Engineering. The graduate social science programs at Berkeley score 1st in English, History, Psychology, and Sociology; and 6th in Economics and Political Science. [52] Faculty in the English Department have received 25 university Distinguished Teaching Awards-- more than any other department.
The most recent (2010) United States National Research Council Rankings, widely considered the ranking authority on US doctoral programs, identified UC Berkeley as having the highest number of top-ranked doctoral programs in the nation. Of all US research universities, UC Berkeley has the most graduate programs that extend into the top ten, with 48 out of 52 programs that were ranked, as well as the most programs with ranks that extend into the top 5, with 43 out of 52 ranked programs. UC Berkeley has the second highest number of graduate programs with a ranking of #1, with 16 out of 52 reaching top status-- for comparison, Harvard achieved this level in 19 of its 52 ranked programs, while Stanford achieved it in 11 of its 47 ranked programs. [53] UC Berkeley doctoral programs that received a #1 ranking include Agricultural and Resource Economics, Astrophysics, Chemistry, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Computer Science, English, Epidemiology, German, Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, MCB: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, MCB: Genetics, Genomics, and Development, Physics, Plant Biology, and Political Science.
UC Berkeley was also the #1 recipient of National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowships between 2001-2010, with 1,333 awards. The next closest were MIT at 1,242 and Stanford at 1,070. [54]
Undergraduate Programs
Berkeley's undergraduate program was ranked the top public university among "National Universities" in the United States by U.S. News & World Report.[55] In 2009, UC Berkeley was ranked 3rd by The Washington Monthly and 21st among National Universities by U.S. News & World Report.[56][57] U.S. News ranked both the undergraduate programs in engineering and business 3rd in the nation.[58][59]
The Wall Street Journal major rankings place Berkeley in 2nd place for Computer Science, 3rd for both Marketing/Advertising and Finance, 6th for Business/Economics, 8th for Accounting, and 12th for Engineering. [60]
Campus[link]
Main article: Campus of the University of California, Berkeley
The Berkeley campus encompasses approximately 1,232 acres (499 ha), though the "central campus" occupies only the low-lying western 178 acres (72 ha) of this area. Of the remaining 1,000 acres (400 ha), approximately 200 acres (81 ha) are occupied by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; other facilities above the main campus include the Lawrence Hall of Science and several research units, notably the Space Sciences Laboratory, the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute, an undeveloped 800 acres (320 ha) ecological preserve, the University of California Botanical Garden and a recreation center in Strawberry Canyon. Portions of the mostly undeveloped eastern area of the campus is actually within the City of Oakland; the northernmost eastern corner of Oakland extends from the Claremont Resort north through the Panoramic Hill neighborhood to Tilden Park.
To the west of the central campus is the downtown business district of Berkeley; to the northwest is the neighborhood of North Berkeley, including the so-called Gourmet Ghetto, a commercial district known for high quality dining due to the presence of such world-renowned restaurants as Chez Panisse. Immediately to the north is a quiet residential neighborhood known as Northside with a large graduate student population;[61] situated north of that are the upscale residential neighborhoods of the Berkeley Hills. Immediately southeast of campus lies fraternity row, and beyond that the Clark Kerr Campus and an upscale residential area named Claremont. The area south of the university includes student housing and Telegraph Avenue, one of Berkeley's main shopping districts with stores, street vendors and restaurants catering to college students and tourists. In addition, the University also owns land to the northwest of the main campus, a 90-acre (36 ha) married student housing complex in the nearby town of Albany ("Albany Village" and the "Gill Tract"), and a field research station several miles to the north in Richmond, California.
Outside of the Bay Area, the University owns various research laboratories and research forests in both northern and southern Sierra Nevada.
Architecture[link]
What is considered the historic campus today was the result of the 1898 "International Competition for the Phoebe Hearst Architectural Plan for the University of California," funded by William Randolph Hearst's mother and initially held in the Belgian city of Antwerp; eleven finalists were judged again in San Francisco in 1899.[62] The winner was Frenchman Émile Bénard, however he refused to personally supervise the implementation of his plan and the task was subsequently given to architecture professor John Galen Howard. Howard designed over twenty buildings, which set the tone for the campus up until its expansion in the 1950s and 1960s. The structures forming the “classical core” of the campus were built in the Beaux-Arts Classical style, and include Hearst Greek Theatre, Hearst Memorial Mining Building, Doe Memorial Library, California Hall, Wheeler Hall, (Old) Le Conte Hall, Gilman Hall, Haviland Hall, Wellman Hall, Sather Gate, and the 307-foot (94 m) Sather Tower (nicknamed "the Campanile" after its architectural inspiration, St Mark's Campanile in Venice). Buildings he regarded as temporary, nonacademic, or not particularly "serious" were designed in shingle or Collegiate Gothic styles; examples of these are North Gate Hall, Dwinelle Annex, and Stephens Hall. Many of Howard's designs are recognized California Historical Landmarks[63] and are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Built in 1873 in a Victorian Second-Empire-style, South Hall is the oldest university building in California. It, and the Frederick Law Olmsted-designed Piedmont Avenue east of the main campus, are the only remnants from the original University of California before John Galen Howard's buildings were constructed. Other architects whose work can be found in the campus and surrounding area are Bernard Maybeck[64] (best known for the Palace of Fine Arts in San Francisco), Maybeck's student Julia Morgan (Hearst Women's Gymnasium), Charles Willard Moore (Haas School of Business) and Joseph Esherick (Wurster Hall).
Natural features[link]
File:Strawberry Creek near Dwinelle Hall.jpg
Strawberry Creek, as seen between Dwinelle Hall and Lower Sproul Plaza.
Flowing into the main campus are two branches of Strawberry Creek. The south fork enters a culvert upstream of the recreational complex at the mouth of Strawberry Canyon and passes beneath California Memorial Stadium before appearing again in Faculty Glade. It then runs through the center of the campus before disappearing underground at the west end of campus. The north fork appears just east of University House and runs through the glade north of the Valley Life Sciences Building, the original site of the Campus Arboretum.
Trees in the area date from the founding of the University in the 1870s. The campus, itself, contains numerous wooded areas; including: Founders' Rock, Faculty Glade, Grinnell Natural Area, and the Eucalyptus Grove, which is both the tallest stand of such trees in the world and the tallest stand of hardwood trees in North America.[65]
The campus sits on the Hayward Fault, which runs directly through California Memorial Stadium.[66] There is ongoing construction to retrofit the stadium. The "treesit" protest revolved around the controversy of clearing away trees by the stadium to build the new Student Athlete High Performance Center. As the stadium sits directly on the fault, this raised campus concerns of the safety of student athletes in the event of an earthquake as they train in facilities under the stadium stands.[67]
Sustainability[link]
In 2009, UC Berkeley developed the Climate Action Plan, pledging to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by one-third, and eventually to achieve climate neutrality. The university tries to use as much post-consumer waste recycled copy paper as possible.[68] The ReUse project allows for people to share unneeded office supplies and equipment.[69] The Berkeley Green Campus Program is a student-led initiative, involving energy reduction challenges, light bulb swaps, and other programs designed to reduce the campus's eco-footprint.[70] UC Berkeley's efforts toward sustainability earned the school a B on the College Sustainability Report Card; overall, the school's grades within the sections were high—it earned A's in the majority of the Report Card.
Student housing[link]
Students at UC Berkeley live in a variety of housing that cater to personal and academic preferences and styles. The university offers two years of guaranteed housing for entering freshmen, and one year for entering transfer students. The immediately surrounding community offers apartments, Greek (fraternity and sorority) housing and cooperative housing, twenty of which are houses that are members of the Berkeley Student Cooperative.
University housing[link]
Main article: Housing at the University of California, Berkeley
The university runs twelve different residence halls, ranging from undergraduate residence halls (both themed and non-themed) and family student housing, to re-entry student housing and optional international student housing at the International House. Undergraduate residence halls are located off-campus in the city of Berkeley. Units 1, 2 and 3, located on the south side of campus, offer high-rise accommodations with common areas on every other floor. These three residential high-rises share a common dining hall, called Crossroads. Further away and also on the south side of campus is Clark Kerr, an undergraduate residence hall complex that houses many student athletes and was once a school for the deaf and blind.
In the foothills east of the central campus, there are three additional undergraduate residence hall complexes: Foothill, Stern, and Bowles. Foothill is a co-ed suite-style hall reminiscent of a Swiss chalet. According to the Chancellor, it is considered one of the best residence halls at UC Berkeley. Just south of Foothill, overlooking the Hearst Greek Theatre, is the all-women's traditional-style Stern Hall, which boasts an original mural by Diego Rivera. Because of their proximity to the College of Engineering and College of Chemistry, these residence halls often house science and engineering majors. They tend to be quieter than the southside complexes, but because of their location next to the theatre, often get free glimpses of concerts. Bowles Hall, the oldest state-owned residence hall in California, is located immediately north of California Memorial Stadium. Dedicated in 1929 and on the National Register of Historic Places, this all-men's residence hall has large quad-occupancy rooms and has the appearance of a castle.
The Channing-Bowditch and Ida Jackson apartments are intended for older students.[71][72] Family student housing consists of two main groups of housing: University Village and Smyth-Fernwald. University Village is located three miles (5 km) north-west of campus in Albany, California, and Smyth-Fernwald near the Clark Kerr campus.
Cooperative housing[link]
Students in Berkeley have a number of cooperative housing options. The largest network of student housing cooperatives in the area is the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC).
Main article: Berkeley Student Cooperative
Students of UC Berkeley, as well as students of other universities and colleges in the area, have the option of living in one of the twenty cooperative houses of the Berkeley Student Cooperative (BSC), formerly the University Students' Cooperative Association (USCA), and member of the national cooperative federation, NASCO. The BSC is a nonprofit housing cooperative network consisting of 20 cooperative homes and 1250 member-owners.[73] The USCA (as the BSC was known by at that time) was founded in 1933 by then-director of the YWCA, Harry Kingman. The birth of the USCA, as well as many other cooperative organizations around the country, coincided with the Great Depression precisely as a response to scant resources. By living together in large houses and pooling together resources, members found that their monetary resources could go further to pay for their cost of living than living separately. In the 1960s, the USCA pioneered the first co-ed university housing in Berkeley, called the Ridge Project (later renamed Casa Zimbabwe). In 1975, the USCA founded its first and only vegetarian-themed house, Lothlorien. In 1997, the USCA opened its African-American theme house, Afro House, and in 1999 its LGBT-themed house, named after queer Irish author and poet Oscar Wilde.[74]
Notable alumni of the BSC include Marion Nestle, professor at New York University and author of Food Politics, and Beverly Cleary.
Fraternities and sororities[link]
Organization and administration[link]
Berkeley is the oldest of the ten major campuses affiliated with the University of California. The University of California is governed by a 26-member Board of Regents, 18 of which are appointed by the Governor of California to 12-year terms, 7 serving as ex officio members, and a single student regent.[75] The position of Chancellor was created in 1952 to lead individual campuses. The Board appointed Robert J. Birgeneau to be the 9th Chancellor of the university in 2004.[76] 12 vice chancellors report directly to the Chancellor. The Executive Vice Chancellor and Provost serves as the chief academic officer and is the office to which the deans of the 14 colleges and schools report.[77]
Berkeley's 130-plus academic departments and programs are organized into 14 colleges and schools in addition to UC Berkeley Extension.[2] "Colleges" are both undergraduate and graduate, while "Schools" are generally graduate only, though some offer undergraduate majors, minors, or courses.
- College of Chemistry
- College of Engineering
- College of Environmental Design
- College of Letters and Science
- College of Natural Resources
- Graduate School of Education
- Graduate School of Journalism
- Haas School of Business
- Goldman School of Public Policy
- School of Information
- School of Law (Boalt Hall)
- School of Optometry
- School of Public Health
- School of Social Welfare
- UC Berkeley Extension
UC Berkeley does not have a medical school; however, the University of California, San Francisco is a standalone medical school that is located nearby.
The 2006–2007 budget totaled $1.7 billion; 33% came from the State of California. In 2006–2007, 7,850 donors contributed $267.9 million and the endowment was valued at $2.89 billion.[2]
UC Berkeley employs 24,700 people directly and employees are permitted to unionize and are represented by AFSCME, California Nurses Association (CNA), Coalition of University Employees (CUE), UAW, UC-AFT, and UPTE.[2][78]
Berkeley is a large, primarily residential research university.[79] The full-time, four year undergraduate program offers 108 degrees in the arts and sciences and has high graduate coexistence.[79][80] The graduate program is a comprehensive doctoral program with 64 masters programs, 96 doctoral programs, and 32 professional programs.[79][80] Berkeley is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges.[81]
University finances[link]
See also: University of California finances
UC Berkeley receives funding from a variety of sources, including federal and state authorities, and private donors. With the exception of government contracts, public money is proportioned to UC Berkeley and the other 9 universities of the University of California system through the UC Office of the President.
Due in part to the 2008–11 California budget crisis, the state of California has reduced its educational appropriations to the University of California.[82] State educational appropriations such as general support given in the state's annual budget, and appropriations given to the state through the federal American Reinvestment and Recovery Act (ARRA) dropped $37M in 2010-11 from the previous calendar year. The university projects that state general support will drop from 15% to 11% of the university's total revenues in 2011-12. State budget shortfalls as well as rising costs in pensions have been cited by the university as two of the leading reasons for its current financial woes. During the formulation of the 2011-12 UC Berkeley budget, the university projected that it will have a $200M funding gap in the 5 years after that year's budget. In response to revenue shortfalls, the UC Regents have raised tuition, and the university is trying to increase the number of non-resident undergraduates, who will pay the more costly out-of-state tuition. Nearly 1/3rd of revenues from tuition and other student fees are returned to students as scholarships and fellowships.[83]
Financial aid and scholarship programs[link]
Main article: UC Berkeley financial aid
Students and prospective students of UC Berkeley are eligible for a variety of public and private financial aid. Most financial aid inquiries are processed through the UC Berkeley Financial Aid and Scholarships Office. Some graduate schools, such as the Haas School of Business[1] and UC Berkeley School of Law[2] have their own financial aid offices.
Student body[link]
| Undergraduate | Graduate | California | U.S. Census | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| African American | 4% | 3% | 6.2% | 12.1% |
| Asian American | 42% | 17% | 12.3% | 4.3% |
| White American | 31% | 42% | 49.8% | 65.8% |
| Hispanic American | 12% | 6% | 35.9% | 14.5% |
| Native American | <1% | 1% | 0.7% | 0.9% |
| International student | 4% | 18% | N/A | N/A |
Berkeley enrolled 25,151 undergraduate and 10,258 graduate students in Fall 2008.[80] Women make up 53% of undergraduate enrollments and 45% graduate and professional students. 90% of undergraduates and 62% of graduate and professional students are California residents.[80] In the wake of Proposition 209, the plurality of Asian American students and under-representation of African-American and Hispanic students has received national attention.[85][86][87][88]
Berkeley received 61,695 applications for admission to the undergraduate program in 2012; 13,037 were admitted (21%).[80] 12,371 students from other colleges and universities applied for transfer admission in 2008; 3,232 were admitted (26%) and 2,012 (62%) enrolled. 97% of freshmen enrolled the next year, the four-year graduation rate was 61%, and the six-year rate was 88%.[80][89] The average unweighted GPA of freshmen in 2011 was 3.88 (4.35 weighted), and their SAT interquartile ranges were 620–740 (Reading), 650–770 (Math), and 640–750 (Writing). Berkeley's enrollment of National Merit Scholars was third in the nation until 2002, when participation in the National Merit program was discontinued.[90] 31% of admitted students receive federal Pell grants.[91]
There were 18,231 applications to masters programs with 20% admitted and 14,361 applications to doctoral program with 16% admitted.[80]
Library system[link]
Main article: University of California, Berkeley Library System
Berkeley's 32 libraries tie together to make the fourth largest academic library in the United States surpassed only by Harvard University Library, Yale University Library and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library.[92] However, considering the relative sizes and ages of these University libraries, Berkeley's collections have been growing about as fast as those at Harvard and Yale combined: specifically, 1.8 times faster than Harvard, and 1.9 times faster than Yale. In 2003, the Association of Research Libraries ranked it as the top public and third overall university library in North America based on various statistical measures of quality.[93] As of 2006, Berkeley's library system contains over 11 million volumes and maintains over 70,000 serial titles.[94] The libraries together cover over 12 acres (4.9 ha) of land and form one of the largest library complexes in the world.[95] Doe Library serves as the library system's reference, periodical, and administrative center, while most of the main collections are housed in the subterranean Gardner Main Stacks and Moffitt Undergraduate Library. The Bancroft Library, with holdings of over 400,000 printed volumes, maintains a collection that documents the history of the western part of North America, with an emphasis on California, Mexico and Central America.
Faculty and research[link]
Main articles: List of UC Berkeley faculty, Research centers and laboratories at UC Berkeley, and List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley's current faculty includes 227 American Academy of Arts and Sciences Fellows, 3 Fields Medal winners, 83 Fulbright Scholars, 139 Guggenheim Fellows, 87 members of the National Academy of Engineering, 132 members of the National Academy of Sciences, 9 Nobel Prize winners, 3 Pulitzer Prize winners, 84 Sloan Fellows, 7 Wolf Prize winners and 1 Pritzker Prize winner.[96] 70 Nobel Laureates have been affiliated with the university as faculty, alumni or researchers, the most of any public university in the United States and sixth most of any university in the world.
Student life and traditions[link]
The official university mascot is Oski the Bear, who debuted in 1941. Previously, live bear cubs were used as mascots at Memorial Stadium. It was decided in 1940 that a costumed mascot would be a better alternative to a live bear. Named after the Oski-wow-wow yell, he is cared for by the Oski Committee, whose members have exclusive knowledge of the identity of the costume-wearer.[97]
The University of California Marching Band, which has served the university since 1891, performs at every home football game and at select road games as well. A smaller subset of the Cal Band, the Straw Hat Band, performs at basketball games, volleyball games, and other campus and community events.[98]
The UC Rally Committee, formed in 1901, is the official guardian of California's Spirit and Traditions. Wearing their traditional blue and gold rugbies, Rally Committee members can be seen at all major sporting and spirit events. Committee members are charged with the maintenance of the five Cal flags, the large California banner overhanging the Memorial Stadium Student Section and Haas Pavilion, the California Victory Cannon, Card Stunts and The Big "C" among other duties. The Rally Committee is also responsible for safekeeping of the Stanford Axe when it is in Cal's possession.[99] The Chairman of the Rally Committee holds the title "Custodian of the Axe" while it is in the Committee's care.
Overlooking the main Berkeley campus from the foothills in the east, The Big "C" is an important symbol of California school spirit. The Big "C" has its roots in an early 20th century campus event called "Rush," which pitted the freshman and sophomore classes against each other in a race up Charter Hill that often developed into a wrestling match. It was eventually decided to discontinue Rush and, in 1905, the freshman and sophomore classes banded together in a show of unity to build the Big "C".[100] Owing to its prominent position, the Big "C" is often the target of pranks by rival Stanford University students who paint the Big "C" red and also fraternities and sororities who paint it their organization's colors. One of the Rally Committee's functions is to repaint the Big "C" to its traditional color of King Alfred Yellow.
Cal students invented the college football tradition of card stunts. Then known as Bleacher Stunts, they were first performed during the 1910 Big Game and consisted of two stunts: a picture of the Stanford Axe and a large blue "C" on a white background. The tradition continues today in the Cal student section and incorporates complicated motions, for example tracing the Cal script logo on a blue background with an imaginary yellow pen.[101]
The California Victory Cannon, placed on Tightwad Hill overlooking the stadium, is fired before every football home game, after every score, and after every Cal victory. First used in the 1963 Big Game, it was originally placed on the sidelines before moving to Tightwad Hill in 1971. The only time the cannon ran out of ammunition was during a game against Pacific in 1991, when Cal scored 12 touchdowns.[102]
Other traditions have included events that span only a few years. William (or Willie) the Polka Dot Man was a performance artist who frequented Sproul Plaza during the late 1970s and early 1980s.[103] The Naked Guy (now deceased[104]) and Larry the Drummer, who performed Batman tunes, appeared in the late 1980s and early 1990s.[103]
A few current traditions include streaking during finals week in the Main Stacks, the Happy Happy Man, and Stoney Burke.
Student-run organizations[link]
Student government[link]
The Associated Students of the University of California (ASUC) is the student government organization that controls funding for student groups and organizes on-campus student events. It is considered one of the most autonomous student governments at any public university in the U.S. The two main political parties are "Student Action"[105] and "CalSERVE."[106] The organization was founded in 1887 and has a budget of $1.6 million.
The ASUC's Student Union Program, Entertainment, and Recreation Board (SUPERB) is a student-run, non-profit branch dedicated to providing entertainment for the campus and community. Founded in 1964, SUPERB's programming includes the Friday Film Series, free Noon Concerts on Lower Sproul Plaza, Comedy Competitions, Poker Tournaments, free Sneak Previews of upcoming movies, and more.
Communications media[link]
UC Berkeley's student-run online television station, CalTV, was formed in 2005 and broadcasts online. It is run by students with a variety of backgrounds and majors.
UC Berkeley's independent student-run newspaper is The Daily Californian. Founded in 1871, The Daily Cal became independent in 1971 after the campus administration fired three senior editors for encouraging readers to take back People's Park.
Berkeley's FM Student radio station, KALX, broadcasts on 90.7 MHz. It is run largely by volunteers, including both students and community members.
Student groups[link]
UC Berkeley has over 700 established student groups.
UC Berkeley has a reputation for student activism, stemming from the 1960s and the Free Speech Movement. Today, Berkeley is known as a lively campus with activism in many forms, from email petitions, presentations on Sproul Plaza and volunteering, to the occasional protest. Political student groups on campus numbered 94 during the 2006–2007 school year, including Berkeley MEChA, Berkeley American Civil Liberties Union, Berkeley Students for Life, Campus Greens, The Sustainability Team (STEAM), the Berkeley Student Food Collective, Students for Sensible Drug Policy, Cal Berkeley Democrats, and the Berkeley College Republicans. Berkeley sends the most students to the Peace Corps of any university in the nation.[107]
File:Berkeley DM 2009.JPG
Dance Marathon, one of the campus's student-led fundraising events.
The Residence Hall Assembly (RHA) is the student-run residence hall organization that oversees all aspects of residence wide event planning, legislation, sponsorships and activities for over 6000 on-campus undergraduate residents. Founded in 1988 by the President's Council, it is now funded and supported by the Residential and Student Service Programs department on campus.
Berkeley Model United Nations [3], the oldest running high school Model United Nations program in the United States, hosts a major annual conference on campus with an average attendance of 1500 high school students each year. BMUN is hosting its 60th Annual Conference in 2012.
The Berkeley Group[108] is a student consulting organization affiliated with UC Berkeley and the Haas School of Business. Students of all majors are recruited and trained to work on pro-bono consulting engagements with real-life nonprofit clients.
ImagiCal has been the college chapter of the American Advertising Federation at Berkeley since the late 1980s. Every year, the team competes in the National Student Advertising Competition. Students from various backgrounds come together to work on a marketing case provided by the AAF and a corporate sponsor to college chapters across the nation. Most recently, the UC Berkeley team won in their respective regions in both 2005 and 2009, eventually going on to win 4th and 3rd in the nation, respectively.
Democratic Education at Cal, or DeCal, is a program that promotes the creation of professor-sponsored, student-facilitated classes through the Special Studies 98/198 program. DeCal arose out of the 1960s Free Speech movement and was officially established in 1981. The program offers around 150 courses on a vast range of subjects that appeal to the Berkeley student community, including classes on the Rubik's Cube, James Bond, Batman, the The Iranian Revolution, cooking, Israeli folk dancing, nuclear weapons, and meditation.
There are many a cappella groups on campus; two groups include the UC Men's Octet and The California Golden Overtones. The UC Men's Octet is an eight-member a cappella group founded in 1948 featuring a repertoire of barbershop, doo-wop, contemporary pop, modern alternative, and fight songs. They are one of only two multiple time champions of the ICCA, having won the championship in both 1998 and 2000. The California Golden Overtones, founded in 1984, have a very similar repertoire to the Octet. It is a tradition for every Berkeley a cappella group to perform under the campus' iconic Sather Gate each week at different times during the week; Artists in Resonance performs Mondays at Noon, Noteworthy performs Tuesdays at 12:30PM, DeCadence performs Wednesdays at Noon, The Men's Octet performs Wednesdays at 1pm, and the Golden Overtones performs Fridays at 1pm. In addition to a Capella, Berkeley is host to a myriad of other performing arts groups in comedy, dance, acting and instrumental music. A few examples include Jericho! Improv & Sketch Comedy, The Movement, Taiko drumming, BareStage student musical theater, the Remedy Music Project, and Main Stacks Competitive Hip Hop Dance Team.
Since 1967, students and staff jazz musicians have had an opportunity to perform and study with the University of California Jazz Ensembles. Under the direction of Dr. David W. Tucker, who was hired by the Cal Band as a composer, arranger, and associate director, but was later asked to direct the jazz ensembles as it grew in popularity and membership, the group grew rapidly from one big band to multiple big bands, numerous combos, and numerous instrumental classes with multiple instructors. For several decades it hosted the Pacific Coast Collegiate Jazz Festival, part of the American Collegiate Jazz Festival, a competitive forum for student musicians. PCCJF brought jazz luminaries such as Hubert Laws, Sonny Rollins, Freddie Hubbard, and Ed Shaughnessy to the Berkeley campus as performers, clinicians, and adjudicators. The festival later included high school musicians. The jazz ensembles proved to be an effective recruitment tool, many high school musicians interested in both strong academics and jazz finding that the campus met both interests. Numerous alumni have had successful careers in jazz performance and education including Michael Wolff and Andy Narell.
UC Berkeley also hosts a large number of conferences, talks, and musical and theatrical performances. Many of these events, including the Annual UC Berkeley Sociological Research Symposium, are completely planned and organized by undergraduate students.
Athletics[link]
Main article: California Golden Bears
UC Berkeley's sports teams compete in intercollegiate athletics as the California Golden Bears. They participate in the NCAA's Division I-A as a member of the Pacific-12 Conference. The official school colors, established in 1873 by a committee of students, are Yale Blue and California Gold.[109] Yale Blue was chosen because many of the university's founders were Yale University graduates (for example Henry Durant, the first university president), while California Gold was selected to represent the Golden State of California. The California Golden Bears have a long history of excellence in athletics, having won national titles in football, men's basketball, baseball, softball, men's and women's crew, men's gymnastics, men's tennis, men's and women's swimming, men's water polo, men's Judo, men's track, and men's rugby. In addition, Cal athletes have won numerous individual NCAA titles in track, gymnastics, swimming and tennis. On January 31, 2009, the school's Hurling club made athletic history by defeating Stanford in the first collegiate hurling match ever to be played on American soil.
California finished in first place[110] in the 2007–2008 Fall U.S. Sports Academy Directors' Cup standings (Now the NACDA Directors' Cup), a competition measuring the best overall collegiate athletic programs in the country, with points awarded for national finishes in NCAA sports. Cal finished the 2007-2008 competition in seventh place with 1119 points.[111] Most recently, California finished in third place in the 2010–11 NACDA Directors' Cup with 1219.50 points, finishing behind Stanford and Ohio State. This is California's highest ever finish in the Director's Cup.[112]
California - Stanford rivalry[link]
Main article: Big Game (football)
The Golden Bears' traditional arch-rivalry is with the Stanford Cardinal. The most anticipated sporting event between the two universities is the annual football game dubbed the Big Game, and it is celebrated with spirit events on both campuses. Since 1933, the winner of the Big Game has been awarded custody of the Stanford Axe.
One of the most famous moments in Big Game history occurred during the 85th Big Game on November 20, 1982. In what has become known as "the band play" or simply The Play, Cal scored the winning touchdown in the final seconds with a kickoff return that involved a series of laterals and the Stanford marching band rushing onto the field.
National championships[link]
Berkeley teams have won national championships in baseball (2), men's basketball (2), men's crew (15), women's crew (3), football (5), men's golf (1), men's gymnastics (4), men's lacrosse (1), men's rugby (26), softball (1), men's swimming & diving (4), women's swimming & diving (3), men's tennis (1), men's track & field (1), and men's water polo (13).
Notable alumni, faculty, and staff[link]
Further information: List of University of California, Berkeley alumni, List of University of California, Berkeley faculty, and List of Nobel laureates associated with University of California, Berkeley
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Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, BA 1950,[113] 4th President of Pakistan, 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan
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Earl Warren, BA 1912, JD 1914, 14th Chief Justice of the United States
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Steven Chu, PhD 1976, Nobel laureate and current United States Secretary of Energy
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Jennifer Granholm, BA 1984, First female Governor of Michigan
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Robert Reich, Professor of Public Policy, 22nd United States Secretary of Labor
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Christina Romer, Professor of Economics, 25th Chairperson of the President's Council of Economic Advisers
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Steve Wozniak, BS 1986, co-founder of Apple Computer
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Gordon Moore, BS 1950, co-founder of semiconductor company Intel
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Eric E. Schmidt, MS 1979, PhD 1982, Executive Chairman of Google Inc.
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Edmund Gerald "Jerry" Brown, Jr, BA 1961, Governor of California, former California Attorney General
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Gregory Peck, BA 1939, Academy Award winning actor
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Natalie Coughlin, BA 2005, multiple gold medal winning Olympic swimmer
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Mostafa Chamran, Ph.D. 1963, Iranian scientist, Vice President and Defense Minister of Iran
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Robert McNamara, BA 1937, President of World Bank (1968–1981), United States Secretary of Defense (1961–1968), President of Ford Motor Company (1960)
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Daniel Kahneman, awarded the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for his work in Prospect theory
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26 alumni and 26 past and present full-time faculty are counted among the 70 Nobel laureates associated with the university. The Turing Award, the "Nobel Prize of computer science", has been awarded to nine alumni and six past and present full-time faculty.
Alumni have been involved in the field of politics and international relations, one of whom is Nicholas A. Veliotes (1928-). Veliotes went on to become the Ambassador to the countries of Jordan (1978–1981) and Egypt (1984–1986), among holding many other highly prestigious job titles and positions throughout his lengthy career.
Alumni have written novels and screenplays that have attracted Oscar-caliber talent. Irving Stone (BA 1923) wrote the novel Lust for Life, which was later made into an Academy Award–winning film of the same name starring Kirk Douglas as Vincent van Gogh. Stone also wrote The Agony and the Ecstasy, which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar winner Charlton Heston as Michelangelo. Mona Simpson (BA 1979) wrote the novel Anywhere But Here, which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-winning actress Susan Sarandon. Terry McMillan (BA 1986) wrote How Stella Got Her Groove Back, which was later made into a film of the same name starring Oscar-nominated actress Angela Bassett. Randi Mayem Singer (BA 1979) wrote the screenplay for Mrs. Doubtfire, which starred Oscar winning actor Robin Williams and Oscar winning actress Sally Field. Audrey Wells (BA 1981) wrote the screenplay The Truth About Cats & Dogs, which starred Oscar-nominated actress Uma Thurman. James Schamus (BA 1982, MA 1987, PhD 2003) has collaborated on screenplays with Oscar winning director Ang Lee on the Academy Award winning movies Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Brokeback Mountain.
Alumni have made important contributions to science. Some have concentrated their studies on the very small universe of atoms and molecules. Nobel laureate William F. Giauque (BS 1920, PhD 1922) investigated chemical thermodynamics, Nobel laureate Willard Libby (BS 1931, PhD 1933) pioneered radiocarbon dating, Nobel laureate Willis Lamb (BS 1934, PhD 1938) examined the hydrogen spectrum, Nobel laureate Hamilton O. Smith (BA 1952) applied restriction enzymes to molecular genetics, Nobel laureate Robert Laughlin (BA math 1972) explored the fractional quantum Hall effect, and Nobel laureate Andrew Fire (BA math 1978) helped to discover RNA interference-gene silencing by double-stranded RNA. Nobel laureate Glenn T. Seaborg (PhD 1937) collaborated with Albert Ghiorso (BS 1913) to discover 12 chemical elements, such as Americium, Berkelium, and Californium. Carol Greider (PhD 1987), professor of molecular biology and genetics at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, was awarded the 2009 Nobel Prize in medicine for discovering a key mechanism in the genetic operations of cells, an insight that has inspired new lines of research into cancer, and Daniel Kahneman was awarded the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics for his work in Prospect theory.
John N. Bahcall (BS 1956) worked on the Standard Solar Model and the Hubble Space Telescope,[115] resulting in a National Medal of Science.[115] Peter Smith (BS 1969) was the principal investigator and project leader for the $420 million NASA robotic explorer Phoenix,[116] which physically confirmed the presence of water on the planet Mars for the first time.[117] Astronauts James van Hoften (BS 1966), Margaret Rhea Seddon (BA 1970), Leroy Chiao (BS 1983), and Rex Walheim (BS 1984) have physically reached out to the stars, orbiting the earth in NASA's fleet of space shuttles.
Undergraduate alumni have founded or co-founded such companies as Apple Computer,[118] Intel,[119] LSI Logic[120] The Gap,[121] MySpace,[122] PowerBar,[123] Berkeley Systems,[124] Bolt, Beranek and Newman[125] (which created a number of underlying technologies that govern the Internet), Chez Panisse,[126] GrandCentral (known now as Google Voice),[127] Advent Software,[128] HTC Corporation,[129] VIA Technologies,[129] Marvell Technology Group,[130] MoveOn.org,[124] Opsware,[131] RedOctane,[132] SanDisk,[133] Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker,[134] VMware,[135] and Zilog,[136] while graduate school alumni have co-founded companies such as DHL,[137] KeyHole Inc (known now as Google Earth),[138] Sun Microsystems,[139] and The Learning Company.[140] Berkeley alumni have also led various technology companies such as Electronic Arts,[141] Google,[142] Adobe Systems,[143] and Qualcomm.[144]
Berkeley alumni nurtured a number of key technologies associated with the personal computer and the development of the Internet.[145] Unix was created by alumnus Ken Thompson (BS 1965, MS 1966) along with colleague Dennis Ritchie. Alumni such as L. Peter Deutsch[146][147][148] (PhD 1973), Butler Lampson (PhD 1967), and Charles P. Thacker (BS 1967)[149] worked with Ken Thompson on Project Genie and then formed the ill-fated US Department of Defense-funded Berkeley Computer Corporation (BCC), which was scattered throughout the Berkeley campus in non-descript offices to avoid anti-war protestors.[150] After BCC failed, Deutsch, Lampson, and Thacker joined Xerox PARC, where they developed a number of pioneering computer technologies, culminating in the Xerox Alto that inspired the Apple Macintosh. In particular, the Alto used a computer mouse, which had been invented by Doug Engelbart (B.Eng 1952, Ph.D. 1955). Thompson, Lampson, Engelbart, and Thacker[151] all later received a Turing Award. Also at Xerox PARC was Ronald V. Schmidt (BS 1966, MS 1968, PhD 1971), who became known as "the man who brought Ethernet to the masses".[152] Another Xerox PARC researcher, Charles Simonyi (BS 1972), pioneered the first WYSIWIG word processor program and was recruited personally by Bill Gates to join the fledgling company known as Microsoft to create Microsoft Word. Simonyi later became the first repeat space tourist, blasting off on Russian Soyuz rockets to work at the International Space Station orbiting the earth.
In 1977, a graduate student in the computer science department named Bill Joy (MS 1982) assembled[153] the original Berkeley Software Distribution, commonly known as BSD Unix. Joy, who went on to co-found Sun Microsystems, also developed the original version of the terminal console editor vi, while Ken Arnold (BA 1985) created Curses, a terminal control library for Unix-like systems that enables the construction of text user interface (TUI) applications. Working alongside Joy at Berkeley were undergraduates William Jolitz (BS 1997) and his future wife Lynne Jolitz (BA 1989), who together created 386BSD, a version of BSD Unix that runs on Intel CPUs and which evolved into the BSD family of free operating systems and the Darwin operating system underlying Apple Mac OS X.[154] Eric Allman (BS 1977, MS 1980) created SendMail, a Unix mail transfer agent that delivers 70% of the email in the world.[155]
The XCF, an undergraduate research group located in Soda Hall, has been responsible for a number of notable software projects, including GTK+ (created by Peter Mattis, BS 1997), The GIMP (Spencer Kimball, BS 1996), and the initial diagnosis of the Morris worm.[156] In 1992 Pei-Yuan Wei,[157] an undergraduate at the XCF, created ViolaWWW, one of the first graphical web browsers. ViolaWWW was the first browser to have embedded scriptable objects, stylesheets, and tables. In the spirit of Open Source, he donated the code to Sun Microsystems, inspiring Java applets( Kim Polese (BS 1984) was the original product manager for Java at Sun Microsystems.) ViolaWWW also inspired researchers at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications to create the Mosaic web browser,[158] a pioneering web browser that became Microsoft Internet Explorer.
Collectively, alumni have won at least twenty Academy Awards. Gregory Peck (BA 1939), nominated for four Oscars during his career, won an Oscar for acting in To Kill a Mockingbird. Chris Innis (BA 1991) won the 2010 Oscar for film editing for her work on best picture winner, The Hurt Locker. Walter Plunkett (BA 1923 ) won an Oscar for costume design (for An American in Paris). Freida Lee Mock (BA 1961) and Charles H. Ferguson (BA 1978) have each[159][160] won an Oscar for documentary filmmaking. Mark Berger (BA 1964) has won four Oscars for sound mixing and is an adjunct professor at UC Berkeley.[161] Edith Head (BA 1918), who was nominated for 34 Oscars during her career, won eight Oscars for costume design. Joe Letteri (BA 1981[162]) has won four Oscars for Best Visual Effects in the James Cameron film Avatar and the Peter Jackson films King Kong, The Two Towers, and The Return of the King.[163]
Alumni have collectively won at least twenty-five Emmy Awards: Jon Else (BA 1968) for cinematography; Andrew Schneider (BA 1973) for screenwriting; Linda Schacht (BA 1966, MA 1981), two for broadcast journalism;[164][165] Christine Chen (dual BA's 1990), two for broadcast journalism;[166] Kristen Sze (BA), two for broadcast journalism;[167] Kathy Baker (BA 1977), three for acting; Ken Milnes (BS 1977), four for broadcasting technology; and Leroy Sievers (BA),[168] twelve for production.
Alumni collectively have won at least eight Pulitzer Prizes. Pulitzer Prize winning journalist Marguerite Higgins (BA 1941) was a pioneering female war correspondent[169][170] who covered World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War.[171] Novelist Robert Penn Warren (MA 1927) won three Pulitzer Prizes,[172] including one for his novel All the King's Men, which was later made into an Academy Award winning[173] movie. Pulitzer Prize winning cartoonist Rube Goldberg (BS 1904) invented the comically complex—yet ultimately trivial—contraptions known as Rube Goldberg machines . Journalist Alexandra Berzon (MA 2006) won a Pulitzer Prize in 2009,[174] and journalist Matt Richtel (BA 1989), who also co-authors the comic strip Rudy Park under the pen name of "Theron Heir",[175] won the 2010 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting.[176] Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Leon Litwack (BA[177] 1951, PhD 1958 ) taught as a professor at UC Berkeley for 43 years;[178] three other UC Berkeley professors have also received the Pulitzer Prize.
Alumni have acted in classic television series that are still broadcast on TV today. Karen Grassle (BA 1965) played the mother Caroline Ingalls in Little House on the Prairie, Jerry Mathers (BA 1974) starred in Leave it to Beaver, and Roxann Dawson (BA 1980) portrayed B'Elanna Torres on Star Trek: Voyager.
Former undergraduates have participated in the contemporary music industry, such as Grateful Dead bass guitarist Phil Lesh, The Police drummer Stewart Copeland,[179] Rolling Stone Magazine founder Jann Wenner, The Bangles lead singer Susanna Hoffs (BA 1980), Counting Crows lead singer Adam Duritz, MTV correspondent Suchin Pak (BA 1997),[180] AFI musicians Davey Havok and Jade Puget (BA 1996), and solo artist Marié Digby (Say It Again). People Magazine included Third Eye Blind lead singer and songwriter Stephan Jenkins (BA 1987) in the magazine's list of "50 Most Beautiful People".[181]
Alumni have also participated in the world of sports. Tennis athlete Helen Wills Moody (BA 1925) won 31 Grand Slam titles, including eight singles titles at Wimbledon. Tarik Glenn (BA 1999) is a Super Bowl XLI champion. Michele Tafoya (BA 1988) is a sports television reporter for ABC Sports and ESPN.[182] Sports agent Leigh Steinberg ( BA 1970, JD 1973) has represented professional athletes such as Steve Young, Troy Aikman, and Oscar de la Hoya; Steinberg has been called the real-life inspiration[183] for the title character in the Oscar-winning[184] film Jerry Maguire (portrayed by Tom Cruise). Matt Biondi (BA 1988) won eight Olympic gold medals during his swimming career, in which he participated in three different Olympics. At the Beijing Olympics in 2008, Natalie Coughlin (BA 2005) became the first American female athlete in modern Olympic history[185] to win six medals in one Olympics. (A panel of Sports Illustrated's swimsuit models voted Coughlin as one of the Top 20 Best-Looking Female Athletes.[186][187])
See also[link]
- The Bancroft Library
- Higher Education Recruitment Consortium
- List of forestry universities and colleges
- Pacific Film Archive
- University of California Museum of Paleontology
Notes[link]
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- ^ "http://newscenter.berkeley.edu/2011/12/13/californiastate-shortfall-triggers-100-million-cut-for-uc-2/"
- ^ "http://controller.berkeley.edu/FINRPTS/2010-11/Master.pdf"
- ^ See Demographics of California and Demographics of the United States for references.
- ^ Timothy, Egan (January 7, 2007). "Little Asia on the Hill". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/07/education/edlife/07asian.html. Retrieved January 16, 2008
- ^ Woo, Elaine (November 18, 1988). "U.S. Probing Possible Asian Bias at UCLA, UC Berkeley". Los Angeles Times. p. 3.
- ^ Sanchez, Rene (March 11, 1996). "Struggling to Maintain Diversity". The Washington Post. p. A01. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/special/affirm/stories/aa031196.htm. Retrieved November 30, 2008.
- ^ Peraino, Kevin (September 18, 2000). "Berkeley's New Colors". Newsweek. http://www.newsweek.com/id/86134. Retrieved November 30, 2008.
- ^ "College Navigator – University of California-Berkeley". National Center for Education Statistics, U.S. Department of Education. http://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=Berkeley&s=all&id=110635. Retrieved November 30, 2008.
- ^ "Six UC campuses to redirect national merit funding to other merit-based scholarships". University of California Newsroom. July 13, 2005. http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/7323.
- ^ "Economic Diversity Among All National Universities". US News and World Report. http://colleges.usnews.rankingsandreviews.com/usnews/edu/college/rankings/brief/natudoc_ecodiv_brief.php. Retrieved August 10, 2007
- ^ http://www.arl.org/bm~doc/arlstat08.pdf
- ^ 06.20.2002 – UC Berkeley library is top-ranked among North American public university research libraries
- ^ What's New in the Library
- ^ 06.12.97 – New addition to UC Berkeley Main Library dedicated to former UC President David Gardner
- ^ About UC Berkeley: Honors and Awards
- ^ California Golden Bears – Traditions
- ^ University of California Marching Band ~ About Us
- ^ UC Rally Committee | Home
- ^ Days of Cal | Bear Traditions
- ^ California Golden Bears – Traditions
- ^ California Golden Bears – Traditions
- ^ a b 08.15.2002 – The quintessential campus cop
- ^ "Former Berkeley student known as 'Naked Guy' dies in jail". USA Today. May 21, 2006. http://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2006-05-21-naked-guy-dies_x.htm. Retrieved May 27, 2010.
- ^ Student Action Webpage
- ^ CalSERVE Webpage
- ^ Berkeley
- ^ The Berkeley Group
- ^ "Resource Guide: Student history". University of California, Berkeley. http://resource.berkeley.edu/r_html/104history.html. Retrieved February 26, 2010.
- ^ http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/Jan.pdf
- ^ "Director's Cup results07-08" (PDF). http://www.nacda.com/auto_pdf/p_hotos/s_chools/nacda/sports/directorscup/auto_pdf/FinalD1. Retrieved March 2, 2012.
- ^ "Director's Cup results10-11" (PDF). http://thedirectorscup.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/finald1standings10-11-2.pdf. Retrieved March 2, 2012.
- ^ "Zulfikar Ali Bhutto". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/64265/Zulfikar-Ali-Bhutto.
- ^ "Her Norwegian heritage drew her to projects with the Norwegian Consulate in San Francisco and the Norwegian American Cultural Society, and she hosted a party for Crown Prince Haakon Magnus when he graduated from UC Berkeley in 1999."Carolyne Zinko (July 3, 2008). "Sigrun Corrigan, Bay Area arts patron, dies". San Francisco Chronicle. http://articles.sfgate.com/2008-07-03/bay-area/17174224_1_mrs-corrigan-lsi-logic-ballet-san-jose.
- ^ a b Hipwell, Deirdre (September 1, 2005). "Obituaries – Professor John Bahcall". London: The Times(United Kingdom). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,60-1758833,00.html. Retrieved May 27, 2010.
- ^ University of Arizona University Communications (March 18, 2008). "Peter Smith Named Thomas R. Brown Distinguished Chair in Integrative Science". http://uanews.org/node/19742.
- ^ "NASA Spacecraft Confirms Martian Water, Mission Extended". NASA. July 31, 2008. http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/phoenix/news/phoenix-20080731.html.
- ^ Apple Computer was co -founded by Steve Wozniak( BS 1986). Harriet Stix (May 14, 1986). "A UC Berkeley Degree Is Now the Apple of Steve Wozniak's Eye". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/1986-05-14/news/vw-5389_1_steve-wozniak.
- ^ Intel was co-founded by Gordon Moore (BS 1950). Jose Rodriguez (July 17, 1996). "Intel chairman awarded UC Berkeley's highest honor at Silicon Valley tribute". University of California at Berkeley Public Information Office. http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/96legacy/Moore.html.
- ^ LSI Logic was co-founded by Robert Walker (BS EE 1958). Contributors (1970). IEEE in the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits. 1970-08. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel5/4/22516/01050102.pdf?tp=&isnumber=&arnumber=1050102.
- ^ The Gap was founded by Donald Fisher (BS 1951), who served as its inaugural president and chairman of the board. "Obituaries – Business Visionary Don Fisher, BS 51". University of California, Berkeley's Haas School of Business. 2009 (Fall). http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/current/alumni05.html.
- ^ MySpace was co-founded by Tom Anderson(BA 1998). Owen Gibson (June 23, 2008). "200 million friends and counting". London: The Guardian (publication in the United Kingdom). http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/jun/23/myspace.tomanderson.
- ^ PowerBar was co-founded by Brian Maxwell (BA 1975) and his wife Jennifer Maxwell (BS 1988). "Cal mourns passing of Brian Maxwell, former coach, runner, PowerBar founder, and philanthropist". UC Berkeley News. March 22, 2004. http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2004/03/22_maxwell.shtml.
- ^ a b Berkeley Systems and MoveOn.org were co-founded by Joan Blades (BA 1977). Ellen Hawkes (2003 (Winter)). "Women of the Year 2003 – Joan Blades". Ms. (magazine). http://www.msmagazine.com/dec03/woty2003_blades.asp.
- ^ Bolt, Beranek and Newman was co-founded by Richard Bolt (BA 1933, MA 1937, PhD 1939). Leo L. Beranek (1979). "Acoustical Society of America Gold Medal Award – 1979 Richard Henry Bolt". American Institute of Physics. http://asa.aip.org/encomia/gold/bolt.html.
- ^ Chez Panisse was founded by Alice Waters (BA 1967). Martin, Andrew. "Alice Waters". New York Times. http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/w/alice_waters/index.html. Retrieved May 27, 2010. ; and Marian Burros (August 14, 1996). "Alice Waters: Food Revolutionary". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1996/08/14/garden/alice-waters-food-revolutionary.html.
- ^ GrandCentral (known now as Google Voice) was co-founded by Craig Walker (B.A. 1988, J.D. 1995). A Symposium on Intellectual Property and Entrepreneurship March 7–8, 2008 – Speakers. Berkeley Center for Law & Technology, Berkeley Technology Law Journal. 2008. http://www.law.berkeley.edu/institutes/bclt/entrepreneurship/speakers.html#walker.
- ^ Advent Software was founded by Stephanie DiMarco (BS Business 1979) and Steve Strand (BS EECS 1979). "How to build a successful software company". Engineering News (College of Engineering, UC Berkeley). April 17, 2006. http://coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/Spring06/EN13S/advent.html.
- ^ a b HTC Corporation and VIA Technologies were co-founded by Cher Wang (BA 1980, MA 1981). Laura Holson (October 26, 2008). "With Smartphones, Cher Wang Made Her Own Fortune". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/27/technology/companies/27wang.html.
- ^ Marvell Technology Group was founded by Weili Dai, (BA Computer Science 1984) and her husband Sehat Sutardja (MS 1983, PhD 1988 EECS) and brother-in-law Pantas Sutardjai (MS 1983, PhD 1988 ). Sarah Yang (February 27, 2009). "Dedication of new CITRIS headquarters marks new stage of innovation to help fuel economic growth". University of California, Berkeley and the UC Regents. http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2009/02/27_citris.shtml.
- ^ Opsware was co-founded by In Sik Rhee (BS EECS 1993).David Sheff (2008-08). "Crank it up". Wired Magazine. http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/8.08/loudcloud_pr.html.
- ^ RedOctane was co-founded by brothers Charles Huang (BA 1992 ) and Kai Huang (BA CS 1994). Don Steinberg (October 1, 2008). "Just Play – Guitar Hero". Inc Magazine. http://www.inc.com/magazine/20081001/just-play_pagen_5.html.
- ^ SanDisk was co-founded by Sanjay Mehrotra (BS 1978, MS EE 1980). "Corporate Officers". SanDisk. http://sandisk.com/about-sandisk/management.
- ^ Scharffen Berger Chocolate Maker was co-founded by John Scharffenberger (BA 1973). Jessica Kwong (January 29, 2009). "Berkeley Scharffen Berger Factory to Close". Daily Californian. http://www.dailycal.org/article/104091/berkeley_scharffen_berger_factory_to_close.
- ^ VMware was co-founded by Edward Wang (BS EECS 1983, MS 1988, PhD 1994), along with Diane Greene (MS CS 1988) and her husband Mendel Rosenblum (MS 1989, PhD 1992). "VMware Leadership". VMware. http://www.vmware.com/company/leadership.html.
- ^ Zilog was co-founded by Ralph Ungermannn (BSEE 1964). Lawrence M. Fisher (February 19, 1988). "BUSINESS PEOPLE; Ungermann-Bass Chairman Finds a Merger He Likes". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/19/business/business-people-ungermann-bass-chairman-finds-a-merger-he-likes.html?pagewanted=1.
- ^ DHL was co-founded by Larry Hillblom (Law 1969). Saul Hansell (May 23, 1995). "Larry L. Hillblom, 52, Founder Of DHL Worldwide Express". New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/1995/05/23/us/larry-l-hillblom-52-founder-of-dhl-worldwide-express.html?pagewanted=1.
- ^ KeyHole Inc (known now as Google Earth) was co-founded by John Hanke (MBA 1996). "Haas Alumnus Maps the Future at Google Earth". University of California, Berkeley. http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/innovation/innovation1.html.
- ^ Sun Microsystems was co-founded by Bill Joy (MS 1982). "2009 Goff Smith Lecture: Bill Joy, The Promise of Green Technologies". University of Michigan College of Engineering. October 16, 2009. http://www.engin.umich.edu/newscenter/feature/goffsmith/.
- ^ The Learning Company was co-founded by Warren Robinett (MS 1976). IEEE (2006-11). "Effect of Conductance Variability on Resistor-Logic Demultiplexers for Nanoelectronics". IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnolgy. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplore/login.jsp?url=http%3A%2F%2Fieeexplore.ieee.org%2Fiel5%2F7729%2F35735%2F01695940.pdf%3Farnumber%3D1695940&authDecision=-203.
- ^ John Riccitiello (BS 1981) has served as the CEO of Electronic Arts since 2007, and previously served as the president and COO of the company from 1996 to 2003. He is also the co-founder of Elevation Partners (with U2 singer Bono). HarmonyService (Fall 2007). "University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business – John Riccitiello, BS 81". Haas School of Business, University of California Berkeley. http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/pubs/calbusiness/fall2007/profile_riccitiello.html.
- ^ Eric Schmidt (MS 1979, PhD 1982) has been the CEO of Google since 2001. David Pescovitz (Jan/Feb 2003 (Volume 3, Issue 1)). "Lab Notes: Research from the Berkeley College of Engineering – Eric Schmidt Searches and Finds Success (Again)". College of Engineering, University of California Berkeley,. http://coe.berkeley.edu/labnotes/0103/history.html.
- ^ Shantanu Narayen (MBA 1993) has been the CEO of Adobe Systems since 2007. University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business (2009). "Shantanu Narayen MBA 93". University of California Berkeley, Haas School of Business. http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/alumni/halloffame/alumni/narayen.html.
- ^ Paul Jacobs (BS 1984, MS 1986, PhD 1989 EECS) has been the CEO of Qualcomm since 2005. Abby Cohn (November 2008 (Volume 2 Issue 10)). "Mobile Phone Metamorphosis". "Innovations" by UC Berkeley College of Engineering. http://innovations.coe.berkeley.edu/vol2-issue10-nov08/pauljacobs.
- ^ "Berkeley Unix worked so well that DARPA chose it to be the preferred 'universal computing environment' linking together Arpanet research nodes, thus setting in place an essential piece of infrastructure for the later growth of the Internet. An entire generation of computer scientists cut their teeth on Berkeley Unix. Without it, the Net might well have evolved into a shape similar to what it is today, but with it, the Net exploded." Andrew Leonard (May 16, 2000). "BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code". Salon.com. http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html.
- ^ Deutsch was awarded a 1992 citation by the Association for Computing Machinery for his work on Interlisp("ACM Award Citation – L. Peter Deustch". http://awards.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2925352&srt=all&aw=149&ao=SOFTWSYS. )
- ^ L. Peter Deutsch is profiled on pages 30, 31, 43, 53, 54, 66 (which mentions Deutsch beginning his freshman year at Berkeley), and page 87 in the following book: Steven Levy (January 2, 2001). Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Penguin Books. ISBN 0-385-19195-2.
- ^ L. Peter Deutsch is profiled in pages 69, 70–72, 118, 146, 227, 230, 280, 399 of the following book: Michael A. Hiltzik. Dealers of Lightning: Xerox PARC and the Dawn of the Computer Age. Collins Business. ISBN 0-88730-891-0.
- ^ "Fellow Awards – Charles Thacker". Computer History Museum. 2007. http://www.computerhistory.org/fellowawards/index.php?id=112.
- ^ Michael A. Hiltzik. Dealers of Lightning: Xerox Parc and the Dawn of the Computer Age. Collins Business. p. 70. ISBN 0-88730-891-0.
- ^ Elizabeth Weise (March 15, 2010). "Charles Thacker wins Turing Award, computing's 'Nobel prize'". USA Today. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/sciencefair/post/2010/03/charles-thacker-wins-turing-award-computings-nobel-prize/1.
- ^ Lawrence M. Fisher (February 27, 1994). "Sound Bytes; On Building a Better Highway". The New York Times. http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C01E2DE163AF934A15751C0A962958260.
- ^ Andrew Leonard (May 16, 2000). "BSD Unix: Power to the people, from the code". Salon.com. http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/05/16/chapter_2_part_one/print.html.
- ^ Rachel Chalmers (May 17, 2000). "The unknown hackers – Open-source pioneers Bill and Lynne Jolitz may be the most famous programmers you've never heard of". Salon.com. http://www.salon.com/tech/feature/2000/05/17/386bsd/print.html.
- ^ Moshe Bar (October 30, 2000). "Sendmail Multi Switch 2.1 Gives Powerful Features a Simple Face". Network Computing. http://www.networkcomputing.com/1121/1121sp1.html.
- ^ "eXperimental Computer Facility's proud present and impressive past". Engineering News. February 10, 2003. http://www.coe.berkeley.edu/engnews/spring03/4S/XCF.html. Retrieved February 13, 2009.
- ^ Pei-Yuan Wei's contributions are profiled on pages 56, 64, 68, and 83, in the World Wide Web creator's autobiography (Tim Berners-Lee (November 7, 2001). Weaving the Web. Collins Business. ISBN 0-06-251586-1. )
- ^ Tim Berners-Lee (November 7, 2001). Weaving the Web. Collins Business. pp. 68, 83. ISBN 0-06-251586-1.
- ^ Freida Lee Mock (BA 1961) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 1995 for Maya Lin: A Strong Clear Vision. "Behind the Lens- Extended Interviews with POV Filmmakers". Public Broadcasting Service and American Documentary Inc.. March 4, 2011. http://www.pbs.org/pov/behindthelens/mock.php.
- ^ Charles H. Ferguson (BA 1978) won an Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature in 2011 for Inside Job. Andrew Pulver (February 28, 2011). "Oscars 2011: Inside Job banks best documentary award". The Guardian (United Kingdom). http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2011/feb/28/inside-job-best-documentary-oscar.
- ^ Jawad Qadir (March 31, 2010). "UC Berkeley Professor Mixes Sound for Award Winning Films". The Daily Californian. http://www.dailycal.org/article/108855.
- ^ "Talk of the Gown – Blues in the News". California Magazine (Cal Alumni Association). June 2003.
- ^ Sandra Fischione Donovan (March 12, 2010). "Beaver County native wins fourth Oscar for visual effects". Pittsburgh Tribune-Review. http://www.pittsburghlive.com/x/pittsburghtrib/ae/movies/s_671189.html.
- ^ "Haas NewsWire, February 20, 2001". Haas School of Business and the University of California, Berkeley. February 20, 2001. http://www.haas.berkeley.edu/groups/newspubs/haasnews/archives/hn022001.html.
- ^ Television Program Faculty and Lecturers. Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism and the Regents of the University of California. http://journalism.berkeley.edu/program/television/faculty/.
- ^ "Asian Hall of Fame – Induction Ceremony". Robert Chinn Foundation. 2007. http://www.asianhalloffame.org/ceremony.htm#christinechen.
- ^ "Meet the Team – Kristen Sze". KGO News. http://abclocal.go.com/kgo/bio?section=resources/inside_station/newsteam&id=5771724.
- ^ Colon Cancer Claims Veteran Journalist Leroy Sievers. ABC News. August 16, 2008. http://www.abcnews.go.com/print?id=5197492.
- ^ "General Walton H. Walker had ordered her out of Korea..... Like many another soldier, old and young, General Walker was convinced that women do not belong in a combat zone... General Douglas MacArthur reversed Walker's ruling. To the Herald Tribune, MacArthur sent a soothing telegram: 'Ban on women correspondents in Korea has been lifted. Marguerite Higgins is held in highest professional esteem by everyone.'" "The Press: Last Word". Time. July 31, 1950. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,821303,00.html.
- ^ "The Press: Pride of the Regiment". Time. September 25, 1950. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,813360-1,00.html.
- ^ "Columnists: Lady at War". Time. January 14, 1966. http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,835015-1,00.html.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. (2008). "Robert Penn Warren". The Biography Channel. http://www.biography.com/articles/Robert-Penn-Warren-9524366.
- ^ Nominated for seven Academy Awards, All the King's Men won Oscars for Best Picture of 1949, Best Actor (Broderick Crawford), and Best Supporting Actress (Mercedes McCambridge)Bosley Crowther. "All the King's Men – Review Summary". The New York Times. http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/1609/All-the-King-s-Men/overview. Retrieved May 27, 2010.
- ^ Shannon Lee (April 23, 2009). Journalism School Alumna Part Of Pulitzer-Prize Winning Staff. The Daily Californian. http://www.dailycal.org/article/105393/journalism_school_alumna_part_of_pulitzer-prize_wi.
- ^ Vance, Ashlee (April 12, 2010). "Matt Richtel". The New York Times. http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/r/matt_richtel/index.html. Retrieved May 27, 2010.
- ^ "Matt Richtel". The Pulitzer Prizes. 2010. http://www.pulitzer.org/biography/2010-National-Reporting.
- ^ Cathy Cockrell (September 14, 2005). "Leon Litwack Rocks". The Berkeleyan and the UC Berkeley NewsCenter. http://berkeley.edu/news/berkeleyan/2005/09/14_litwack.shtml.
- ^ Cathy Cockrell (May 8, 2007). "Leon Litwack's last stand". UC Berkeley NewsCenter (University of California, Berkeley). http://berkeley.edu/news/media/releases/2007/05/08_litwack.shtml.
- ^ Don Zulaica (October 29, 2001). "liveDaily Interview: Stewart Copeland of Oysterhead". LiveDaily. http://www.livedaily.com/interviews/liveDaily_Interview_Stewart_Copeland_of_Oysterhead-3870.html?t=6.
- ^ "SuChin Pak Biography – Reporter, Host and Interviewer – MTV News". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/correspondents/pak/bio.jhtml.
- ^ "Stephan Jenkins: Musician". People Magazine. May 10, 1999. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20128175,00.html.
- ^ "Michele Tafoya – ESPN's Monday Night Football Sideline Reporter; Play-By-Play and Sideline Commentator". ESPN. http://www.espnmediazone.com/bios/Talent/Tafoya_Michele.htm.
- ^ "Your turn – Chat Reel: Leigh Steinberg". Sports Illustrated. August 3, 2000. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/your_turn/news/2000/08/03/chatreel_steinberg/. Retrieved May 27, 2010.
- ^ Jerry Maguire was nominated for 5 Academy Awards, and won for Best Supporting Actor (Cuba Gooding, Jr.).
- ^ "The six medals she won are the most by an American woman in any sport, breaking the record she tied four years ago. Her career total matches the third-most by any U.S. athlete." Jaime Aron (August 17, 2008). "Coughlin's 6 medals most by a US woman". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. http://stats.cbc.ca/olympics/story.asp?i=20080817063823933328708&%20ref=rec&tm=&src=OLYMPICS_DOLY_SWM.
- ^ "SI's Swimsuit Models rank the best-looking athletes". Sports Illustrated. December 19, 2006. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/2006/scorecard/12/19/hot_landing/index.html. Retrieved May 27, 2010.
- ^ Natalie Coughlin's Sports Illustrated photo is at "Best Looking Athletes – 13 – Natalie Coughlin – Swimming". Sports Illustrated. December 19, 2006. http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/multimedia/photo_gallery/0611/gallery.prettypeople.women20/content.8.html. Retrieved May 27, 2010.
References[link]
- Owens, MFEM (2004). America's Best Value Colleges. The Princeton Review. ISBN 0-375-76373-2.
- A Brief History of the University of California, Berkeley
- Atomicarchive.com
- Berkeley: Historical Overview from University of California Digital Archives
- Brief History of the University from official website
- Cal Athletics
- Cal Band
- Cal Traditions 101
- Landscape plan
- Manhattan Project Heritage Preservation Association
- UC Berkeley Residential and Student Programs
- University of California Rally Committee
Further reading[link]
- Brechin, Gray (1999). Imperial San Francisco. UC Press Ltd. ISBN 0-520-21568-0.
- Cerny, Susan Dinkelspiel (2001). Berkeley Landmarks: An Illustrated Guide to Berkeley, California's Architectural Heritage. Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association. ISBN 0-9706676-0-4.
- Freeman, Jo (2003). At Berkeley in the Sixties: The Education of an Activist, 1961–1965. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-21622-2.
- Helfand, Harvey (2001). University of California, Berkeley. Princeton Architectural Press. ISBN 1-56898-293-3.
- Rorabaugh, W. J. (1990). Berkeley at War: The 1960s. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-506667-7.
- Wong, Geoffrey (May 2001). A Golden State of Mind. Trafford Publishing. ISBN 1-55212-635-8.
External links[link]
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- Official website (Mobile)
- University of California, Berkeley at the Open Directory Project
- Chronology of the University of California
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| Eric Schmidt | |
|---|---|
 Eric Schmidt at the 37th G8 summit in 2011. |
|
| Born | (1955-04-27) April 27, 1955 (age 57) Washington, D.C., United States |
| Residence | Atherton, California, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Princeton University University of California, Berkeley |
| Occupation | Software engineer, businessman |
| Salary | $1.25 million in 2012[1] |
| Net worth |  US$ 6.9 billion (2012)[2] |
| Title | Executive Chairman of Google |
| Website | |
| Google.com - Eric Schmidt | |
Eric Emerson Schmidt (born April 27, 1955) is an American software engineer, businessman and the current executive chairman of Google.[3] From 2001 to 2011, he served as the chief executive of Google.
Additionally, Schmidt was a former member on the board of directors for Apple Inc. and sat on the boards of trustees for both Carnegie Mellon University and Princeton University.[4][5][6]
Along with Mike Lesk, Schmidt co-authored the lex analysis software program for the Unix computer operating system.
Contents |
Biography[link]
Schmidt was born in Washington, D.C., and grew up in Blacksburg, Virginia, United States. After graduating from Yorktown High School,[7] Schmidt attended Princeton University where he earned a B.S. in electrical engineering in 1976.[8] At the University of California, Berkeley, he earned an MS in 1979 for designing and implementing a network linking the campus computer center, the CS and the EECS departments,[9] and a PhD in 1982 in EECS with a dissertation about the problems of managing distributed software development and tools for solving these problems.[10] He was joint author of lex (a lexical analyzer and an important tool for compiler construction). He taught at Stanford Graduate School of Business as a part time professor.[11]
Schmidt and his wife Wendy lived in Atherton, California in 1999.[12] In 2011, he was reported to be dating Lisa Shields, a communications executive for the Council on Foreign Relations, a New York-based foreign policy think tank.[13].
He was on the list of ARTnews 200 top art collectors in 2008.[14]
He is also a member of the Bilderberg Group and attended the Swiss 2011 Bilderberg conference in St. Moritz, Switzerland.[15][16]
The Eric Schmidt Family Foundation[link]
The Eric Schmidt Family Foundation addresses issues of sustainability and the responsible use of natural resources. Wendy and Eric Schmidt, working with Heart Howerton, a San Francisco architectural firm that specializes in large-scale land use, have inaugurated several projects on the island of Nantucket that seek to sustain the unique character of the island, and to minimize the impact of seasonal visitation on the island's core community. Wendy Schmidt offered the prize purse of the Wendy Schmidt Oil Cleanup X CHALLENGE, a challenge award for efficient capturing of crude oil from seawater motivated by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill.[17]
Career[link]
Early career[link]
Early in his career, Schmidt held a series of technical positions with IT companies, Byzromotti Design, including Bell Labs, Zilog and Xerox’s famed Palo Alto Research Cente (PARC).
From Sun to Google[link]
Schmidt joined Sun Microsystems in 1983 as its first software manager. He rose to become director of software engineering, vice president and general manager of the software products division, vice president of the general systems group, and president of Sun Technology Enterprises.[18]
During his time at Sun he was the butt of two notable April Fool's Day pranks. In the first his office was taken apart and rebuilt on a platform in the middle of a pond complete with working phone. The next year a working Volkswagen Bug was taken apart and re-assembled in his office.
In April 1997, he became CEO and chairman of the board of Novell. Schmidt left Novell after the acquisition of Cambridge Technology Partners.
Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin interviewed Schmidt. Impressed by him,[19] they recruited Schmidt to run their company in 2001 under the guidance of venture capitalists John Doerr and Michael Moritz.
Google[link]
Schmidt joined Google's board of directors as chairman in March 2001 and became the company's CEO in August 2001. At Google, Schmidt shared responsibility for Google's daily operations with founders Page and Brin. As indicated by page 29 of Google's 2004 S-1 Filing[20] Schmidt, Page, and Brin ran Google as a triumvirate. Schmidt had legal responsibilities typically assigned to the CEO of a public company and focused on management of the vice presidents and the sales organization.
According to Google's website, Schmidt also focuses on "building the corporate infrastructure needed to maintain Google's rapid growth as a company and on ensuring that quality remains high while product development cycle times are kept to a minimum."[21]
In 2007, PC World ranked Schmidt as the first on the list of the 50 most important people on the web, along with Google co-Founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin.[22]
In 2009, Schmidt was considered one of the "TopGun CEOs" by Brendan Wood International, an advisory agency.[23][24]
On January 20, 2011, Google announced that Schmidt would step down as CEO of Google, but continue as the executive chairman of the company, and act as an adviser to co-founders Page and Brin. Page replaced Schmidt as CEO on April 4, 2011. [25]
The 2011 book In the Plex: How Google Thinks, Works, and Shapes Our Lives by Steven Levy claims that in 2001, Schmidt requested that a political donation he made be removed from Google search results. The request was not fulfilled. Schmidt has denied this ever occurred.[26]
Apple[link]
Schmidt was elected to Apple's board of directors on August 28, 2006.[27] On August 3, 2009, it was announced that Schmidt would resign from the board of directors at Apple due to conflicts of interest amid the growing competition between Google and Apple.[4]
President Barack Obama[link]
Schmidt was a campaign advisor and major donor to Barack Obama, and when he announced he was leaving that perch, he planned to remain at the forefront of Google’s government relations team. Obama has even considered him for Commerce Secretary.[28] Schmidt was an informal advisor to the Obama presidential campaign and began campaigning the week of October 19, 2008, on behalf of the candidate.[29] He had been mentioned as a possible candidate for the chief technology officer position which Obama created in his administration.[30] After Obama won, Schmidt was a member of President Obama's transition advisory board. He proposed that the easiest way to solve all of the problems of the United States at once, at least in the domestic policy, is by a stimulus program that rewards renewable energy and, over time, attempts to replace fossil fuels with renewable energy.[31] He has since become a new member of the President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology PCAST.[32]
New America Foundation[link]
The New America Foundation is a non-profit public policy institute and think tank, founded in 1999. Schmidt is the current chairman of the board of directors. He succeeded founding chairman James Fallows in 2008.[33]
Innovation Endeavors[link]
Founded in 2010 by Google Chairman Eric Schmidt and Dror Berman, Innovation Endeavors is an early stage venture fund focused on advancing the world by providing high-impact entrepreneurs with the capital, coaching and network to build game-changing ventures. Innovation Endeavors has invested in more than 30 companies around the world in various industries. The firm is based in Palo Alto, USA. [34]
Compensation[link]
Upon being hired at Google, Eric Schmidt was paid a salary of $250,000, and an annual performance bonus. He was granted 14,331,703 shares of class B common stock at 30 cents per share, and 426,892 shares of Series C preferred stock at purchase price of $2.34.[35]
Schmidt and the Google founders agreed to a base salary of $1 in 2004 (which continued through 2010), with other compensation of $557,465 in 2006,[36] $508,763 in 2008 and $243,661 in 2009. He did not receive any additional stock, or options in 2009 or 2010.[37][38] Most of his compensation was for "personal security" and charters of private aircraft.[38] Schmidt is one of the few people who became billionaires (in United States dollars) based on stock options received as an employee in a corporation of which he was neither the founder nor a relative of the founder.[39] In its 2011 'World's Billionaires' list, Forbes ranked Schmidt as the 136th richest person in the world, with an estimated wealth of $7 billion.[2] Google gave him $100 million in 2011 as a parting gift.[40]
Views[link]
During an interview which aired on December 3, 2009, on the CNBC documentary "Inside the Mind of Google", Schmidt was asked, "People are treating Google like their most trusted friend. Should they be?" His reply was: "I think judgment matters. If you have something that you don’t want anyone to know, maybe you shouldn’t be doing it in the first place, but if you really need that kind of privacy, the reality is that search engines including Google do retain this information for some time, and it’s important, for example, that we are all subject in the United States to the Patriot Act. It is possible that, that information could be made available to the authorities." [41][42] At the Techonomy conference on August 4, 2010, Schmidt expressed that technology is good, but he said that the only way to manage the challenges is "much greater transparency and no anonymity." Schmidt also stated that in an era of asymmetric threats, "true anonymity is too dangerous." [43]
In August 2010, Schmidt clarified his company's views on network neutrality: "I want to be clear what we mean by Net neutrality: What we mean is if you have one data type like video, you don't discriminate against one person's video in favor of another. But it's okay to discriminate across different types, so you could prioritize voice over video, and there is general agreement with Verizon and Google on that issue."[44]
According to PCWorld Schmidt also expressed the following sentiment: "if you don’t have anything to hide, you have nothing to fear" [45]
See also[link]
- List of billionaires
- 70/20/10 Model — business model advocated by Schmidt[46]
- RechargeIT
References[link]
- ^ Reuters (April 21, 2012). "Google ex-CEO Eric Schmidt's salary rises to $1.25 million from $1". The Times of India (San Francisco). http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/international-business/Google-ex-CEO-Eric-Schmidts-salary-rises-to-1-25-million-from-1/articleshow/12785676.cms. Retrieved April 21, 2012.
- ^ a b "Eric Schmidt". Forbes. December 1, 2011. http://www.forbes.com/profile/eric-schmidt. Retrieved December 1, 2011.
- ^ Schmidt_2229 "Google’s view on the future of business: An interview with CEO Eric Schmidt ". The McKinsey Quarterly. http://www.mckinseyquarterly.com/Googles_view_on_the_future_of_business_An_interview_with_CEO_Eric_Eric Schmidt_2229. Retrieved 2009-01-26.
- ^ a b "Dr. Eric Schmidt Resigns from Apple’s Board of Directors". Apple Inc.. August 3, 2009. http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2009/08/03bod.html. Retrieved June 15, 2011.
- ^ april13_commencement.shtml "April 13: Google Chairman, CEO Eric Eric Schmidt To Give Keynote Address at Carnegie Mellon Commencement, May 17 – Carnegie Mellon University". Cmu.edu. http://www.cmu.edu/news/archive/2009/April april13_commencement.shtml. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ princeton.edu
- ^ McCaffrey, Scott (15 May 2008). "New Inductees Named to Yorktown Hall of Fame". Sun Gazette. http://www.sungazette.net/articles/2008/05/15/arlington/news/nws92a.txt
- ^ Wolff, Josephine (2007-02-06). "University Library joins Google Book Search". The Daily Princetonian. http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/archives/2007/02/06/news/17198.shtml. Retrieved 2008-05-28.
- ^ Eric Schmidt (1979). "The Berkeley Network – A Retrospective". Computer Science Division, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Berkeley. http://www.krsaborio.net/research/acrobat/1980s/8002_bsd.pdf. Retrieved June 14, 2011
- ^ Eric Schmidt, E. E. (1982). Controlling large software development in a distributed environment. U.C. Berkeley EECS Technical Reports. http://md1.csa.com/partners/viewrecord.php?requester=gs&collection=TRD&recid=0788297CI&q=&uid=792371362&setcookie=yes.
- ^ Schmidt.shtml "Stanford". Stanford Graduate School of Business. http://www.gsb.stanford.edu/NEWS/headlines/duffie_Eric Schmidt.shtml. Retrieved 2009-01-26. [dead link]
- ^ "Loose Ends: Presidential performance". Almanac News. October 6, 1999. http://www.almanacnews.com/morgue/1999/1999_10_06.loose06.html. Retrieved Novembe 10, 2011.
- ^ "Married Google chairman Eric Schmidt spending time with attractive 45-year-old brunette Lisa Shields". New York Post. July 28, 2011. http://www.nypost.com/p/pagesix/google_boss_dates_beauty_nb2QK0SyBVOuJ4ZNlV5gCP.
- ^ ARTnews, The ARTnews 200 Top Collectors, 2008
- ^ Skelton, Charlie, "Bilderberg 2011: The tipping point", The Guardian (UK), Thursday 16 June 2011
- ^ "Bilderberg 2011 list of participants". BilderbergMeetings.org. http://www.bilderbergmeetings.org/participants_2011.html. Retrieved August 24, 2011.
- ^ Schmidt-oil-cleanup-x-challenge "X PRIZE Foundation Announces Wendy Eric Schmidt Oil Cleanup X CHALLENGE". http://www.xprize.org/media-center/press-release/x-prize-foundation-announces-wendy-Eric Schmidt-oil-cleanup-x-challenge. Retrieved 2012-09-15.
- ^ "Dr. Eric Schmidt Appointed Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Novell, Inc.". News release (Sun Microsystems). March 18, 1998. Archived from the original on May 22, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080522085645/http://www.sun.com/smi/Press/sunflash/1997-03/sunflash.970318.23634.xml. Retrieved June 14, 2011.
- ^ "CEO Eric Eric Schmidt stood out because he 'was the only candidate who had been to Burning Man.'" From "Markoff and Zachary on Google"; quoted are John Markoff and Gregg Zachary. See also Business Week's "Eric Eric Schmidt, Google" from 29 September 2003: "One of the first orders of business was joining his new 20-something colleagues at Burning woMan, a free-form festival of artistic self-expression held in a Nevada desert lake bed. Sitting in his office shortly after his return, tanned and slightly weary, Eric Schmidt couldn't have been happier. "They're keeping me young," he declared."
- ^ "Amendment No. 9 to Form S-1 Registration Statement Under The Securities Act of 1933". United States Securities and Exchange Commission. 2004-08-18. http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1288776/000119312504142742/ds1a.htm.
- ^ "Google Management: Eric Schmidt, Executive". Google Inc. https://www.google.com/corporate/execs.html#eric. Retrieved June 14, 2011.
- ^ Null, Christopher. "The 50 Most Important People on the Web". PC World. March 5, 2007. Retrieved on March 5, 2007.
- ^ The Market's Best Managers – Forbes.com, Forbes.com
- ^ Brendan Wood International Announces 24 TopGun CEOs in the US, Reuters.com
- ^ "Larry Page is officially Google CEO again". Silicon Valley / San Jose Business. April 4, 2011. http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/news/2011/04/04/page-is-officially-google-ceo-again.html. Retrieved June 14, 2011.
- ^ Foley, Stephen; Rawlinson, Kevin (2011-04-02). "Google chief ‘tried to bury his donations'". The Independent (London). http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/google-chief-lsquotried-to-bury-his-donationsrsquo-2260207.html.
- ^ "Google CEO Dr. Eric Schmidt Joins Apple's Board of Directors". Press release (Apple Inc.). August 29, 2006. http://www.apple.com/pr/library/2006/aug/29bod.html. Retrieved June 15, 2011.
- ^ Carney, Timothy (2011-04-02) Google not proud of its politicking, Washington Examiner
- ^ Langley, Monica; Jessica E. Vascellaro (October 20, 208). "Google CEO Backs Obama". The Wall Street Journal. http://online.wsj.com/article/SB122446734650049199.html. Retrieved 2008-10-20.
- ^ Mary Anne Ostrom (October 21, 2008). "Google CEO Eric Schmidt to stump for Obama". San Jose Mercury News. http://www.mercurynews.com/ci_10769458. Retrieved June 15, 2011.
- ^ "Gore/Alliance for Climate Protection: All-In for Plug-Ins". Calcars.org. http://www.calcars.org/calcars-news/1022.html. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ Membership list of PCAST
- ^ New America Foundation, Board of Directors, accessed 11 May 2010]
- ^ Eric Schmidt’s Newest VC Fund
- ^ Ken Auletta (2011). Googled: The End of the World as We Know It. Virgin Books. ISBN 978-0-7535-2243-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=VbguRQAACAAJ.
- ^ "Google Inc. Definitive Proxy Statement". Schedule 14A. United States Securities and Exchange Commission. April 6, 2007. http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1288776/000119312507073756/ddef14a.htm#rom97745_70. Retrieved June 15, 2011.
- ^ "Google Inc. Definitive Proxy Statement". Schedule 14A. United States Securities and Exchange Commission. March 29, 2010. http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1288776/000119312510070028/ddef14a.htm#rom57429_84. Retrieved June 14, 2011.
- ^ a b "Google Inc. Definitive Proxy Statement". Schedule 14A. United States Securities and Exchange Commission. April 20, 2011. http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1288776/000119312511103802/ddef14a.htm#rom154220_62. Retrieved June 15, 2011.
- ^ "Earlier this year, he pulled in almost $90 million from sales of Google stock and made at least another $50 million selling shares in the past two months as the stock leaped to more than $300 a share." Mills, Elinor (August 3 2005). "Google balances privacy, reach". CNET. Archived from the original on 2005. http://web.archive.org/web/20050815014210sh_re_/news.com.com/2102-1032_3-5787483.html. Retrieved 2006-11-15.
- ^ Baldwin, Clare (2011-01-23). "Google to give outgoing CEO Schmidt $100 million". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE70M1V120110123.
- ^ "Google CEO Eric Eric Schmidt on privacy". YouTube. 2009-12-08. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6e7wfDHzew. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Media – Facebook must be weary of changing the rules". Ft.com. 2009-12-11. http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/efc1281e-e687-11de-98b1-00144feab49a.html. Retrieved 2010-03-21.
- ^ "Google's Eric Schmidt: Society not ready for technology". CNET. August 4, 2010. http://news.cnet.com/8301-13860_3-20012704-56.html. Retrieved 2010-08-07.
- ^ Goldman, David (August 5, 2010). "Why Google and Verizon's Net neutrality deal affects you". CNNMoney (CNN). http://money.cnn.com/2010/08/05/technology/google_verizon_net_neutrality_rules/index.htm. Retrieved 2010-08-06.
- ^ http://www.pcworld.com/businesscenter/article/252514/hey_employersmy_facebook_password_is_none_of_your_business.html
- ^ John Battelle (December 1, 2005). "The 70 Percent Solution: Google CEO Eric Schmidt gives us his golden rules for managing innovation". CNN Money magazine. http://money.cnn.com/magazines/business2/business2_archive/2005/12/01/8364616/index.htm. Retrieved August 12, 2011.
- "Google Boss Dates P.R. Beauty". New York Post. July 28, 2011. http://www.nypost.com/p/pagesix/google_boss_dates_beauty_nb2QK0SyBVOuJ4ZNlV5gCP.
External links[link]
|
Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Eric E. Schmidt |
- Eric Schmidt on Google+
- Eric Schmidt on Twitter
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Eric Schmidt on Charlie Rose
- Eric Schmidt at the Internet Movie Database
- Eric Schmidt collected news and commentary at The Guardian
- Eric Schmidt collected news and commentary at The New York Times
- Eric Schmidt collected news and commentary at The Wall Street Journal
- Speeches
- Eric Schmidt and Larry Page speaking at Stanford (May 1, 2002)
- Eric Schmidt talks about innovation on Executive Talks, November 2006
- Schmidt-ceo-of-google.html Eric Schmidt interview by iinnovate, March 2007[dead link]
- YouTube: Eric Schmidt at the Seoul Digital Forum. (2007.06.05)
- Eric Schmidt speaks as part of NASA 50 years Lecture Series, January 17, 2008
- Mobile World Congress 2010 Keynote: Eric Schmidt, CEO, Google(Feb 2010)
- iTunes: Google making of a modern company.[when?]
- Articles
- CNET: Google balances privacy, reach (July 14, 2005), which uses Eric Schmidt as an example of the personal information held by Google.
- Princeton University Board of Trustees[dead link]
| Business positions | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Larry Page |
CEO of Google 2001–2011 |
Succeeded by Larry Page |
| Preceded by New title |
Executive Chairman of Google 2011–present |
Succeeded by Incumbent |
|
|||||||||||||||||
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Schmidt, Eric |
| Alternative names | Schmidt, Eric Emerson |
| Short description | Software engineer, businessman |
| Date of birth | April 27, 1955 |
| Place of birth | Washington, D.C., United States |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Eric_Schmidt
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Schmidt
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Richard Dawkins | |
|---|---|
 Dawkins in 2010 at Cooper Union in New York City |
|
| Born | Clinton Richard Dawkins (1941-03-26) 26 March 1941 (age 71) Nairobi, Kenya Colony |
| Nationality | British |
| Education | MA, DPhil (Oxon) |
| Alma mater | Balliol College, Oxford |
| Occupation | Ethologist |
| Years active | 1967–present |
| Employer | University of California, Berkeley University of Oxford |
| Organization | Fellow of the Royal Society Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature |
| Known for | Gene-centered view of evolution, concept of the meme, as well as advocacy of atheism and science. |
| Notable work(s) | The Selfish Gene (1976) The Extended Phenotype (1982) The Blind Watchmaker (1986) The God Delusion (2006) |
| Influenced by | Charles Darwin, Ronald Fisher, George C. Williams, W. D. Hamilton, Daniel Dennett, Bertrand Russell, Nikolaas Tinbergen, John Maynard Smith, Robert Trivers |
| Spouse | Marian Stamp Dawkins (m. 1967–1984) Eve Barham (m. 1984–?) Lalla Ward (m. 1992–present) |
| Children | Juliet Emma Dawkins (born 1984) |
| Parents | Clinton John Dawkins Jean Mary Vyvyan (née Ladner) |
| Awards | ZSL Silver Medal (1989) Faraday Award (1990) Kistler Prize (2001) |
| Website | |
| The Richard Dawkins Foundation | |
Clinton Richard Dawkins, FRS, FRSL (born 26 March 1941), known as Richard Dawkins, is a British ethologist, evolutionary biologist and author. He is an emeritus fellow of New College, Oxford,[1] and was the University of Oxford's Professor for Public Understanding of Science from 1995 until 2008.[2]
Dawkins came to prominence with his 1976 book The Selfish Gene, which popularised the gene-centered view of evolution and introduced the term meme. In 1982 he introduced an influential concept into evolutionary biology, presented in his book The Extended Phenotype, that the phenotypic effects of a gene are not necessarily limited to an organism's body, but can stretch far into the environment, including the bodies of other organisms.[3]
Dawkins is an atheist, a vice president of the British Humanist Association, and a supporter of the Brights movement.[4] He is well known for his criticism of creationism and intelligent design. In his 1986 book The Blind Watchmaker, he argued against the watchmaker analogy, an argument for the existence of a supernatural creator based upon the complexity of living organisms. Instead, he described evolutionary processes as analogous to a blind watchmaker. He has since written several popular science books, and makes regular television and radio appearances, predominantly discussing these topics. In his 2006 book The God Delusion, Dawkins contends that a supernatural creator almost certainly does not exist and that religious faith is a delusion—"a fixed false belief."[5] As of January 2010 the English-language version has sold more than two million copies and had been translated into 31 languages.[6]
Contents |
Biography[link]
Dawkins was born in Nairobi, Kenya.[7] His father, Clinton John Dawkins (1915–2010),[8] was an agricultural civil servant in the British colonial service, in Nyasaland (now Malawi). Dawkins has a younger sister.[9] His father was called up into the King's African Rifles during World War II,[10][11] returning to England in 1949, when Dawkins was eight. His father had inherited a country estate, Over Norton Park, which he turned into a commercial farm.[8] Both his parents were interested in natural sciences; they answered Dawkins' questions in scientific terms.[12]
Dawkins describes his childhood as "a normal Anglican upbringing".[13] He was confirmed, and embraced Christianity until his mid-teens, at which point he concluded that the theory of evolution was a better explanation for life's complexity, and ceased believing in a god.[9] Dawkins states: "the main residual reason why I was religious was from being so impressed with the complexity of life and feeling that it had to have a designer, and I think it was when I realised that Darwinism was a far superior explanation that pulled the rug out from under the argument of design. And that left me with nothing."[9]
He attended Oundle, a Church of England school,[9] from 1954 to 1959. He studied zoology at Balliol College, Oxford, where he was tutored by Nobel Prize–winning ethologist Nikolaas Tinbergen, graduating in 1962. He continued as a research student under Tinbergen's supervision, receiving his M.A. and D.Phil. degrees by 1966, and remained a research assistant for another year.[7] Tinbergen was a pioneer in the study of animal behaviour, particularly in the areas of instinct, learning and choice.[14] Dawkins' research in this period concerned models of animal decision-making.[15]
From 1967 to 1969, he was an assistant professor of zoology at the University of California, Berkeley. During this period, the students and faculty at UC Berkeley were largely opposed to the ongoing Vietnam War, and Dawkins became heavily involved in the anti-war demonstrations and activities.[16] He returned to the University of Oxford in 1970 taking a position as a lecturer, and in 1990, as a reader in zoology. In 1995 he was appointed Simonyi Professor for the Public Understanding of Science at Oxford, a position that had been endowed by Charles Simonyi with the express intention that the holder "be expected to make important contributions to the public understanding of some scientific field",[17] and that its first holder should be Richard Dawkins.[18]
Since 1970 he has been a fellow of New College.[19] He has delivered a number of inaugural and other lectures, including the Henry Sidgwick Memorial Lecture (1989), first Erasmus Darwin Memorial Lecture (1990), Michael Faraday Lecture (1991), T. H. Huxley Memorial Lecture (1992), Irvine Memorial Lecture (1997), Sheldon Doyle Lecture (1999), Tinbergen Lecture (2004) and Tanner Lectures (2003).[7] In 1991 he gave the Royal Institution Christmas Lectures for Children. He has also served as editor of a number of journals, and has acted as editorial advisor to the Encarta Encyclopedia and the Encyclopedia of Evolution. He is a senior editor of the Council for Secular Humanism's Free Inquiry magazine, for which he also writes a column. He has been a member of the editorial board of Skeptic magazine since its foundation.[20]
He has sat on judging panels for awards as diverse as the Royal Society's Faraday Award and the British Academy Television Awards,[7] and has been president of the Biological Sciences section of the British Association for the Advancement of Science. In 2004 Balliol College, Oxford instituted the Dawkins Prize, awarded for "outstanding research into the ecology and behaviour of animals whose welfare and survival may be endangered by human activities".[21] In September 2008, he retired from his professorship, announcing plans to "write a book aimed at youngsters in which he will warn them against believing in 'anti-scientific' fairytales."[22]
Personal life[link]
On 19 August 1967, Dawkins married fellow ethologist Marian Stamp in Annestown, County Waterford, Ireland;[23] they divorced in 1984. Later that same year, on 1 June, he married Eve Barham (19 August 1951[24]–28 February 1999) in Oxford. They had a daughter, Juliet Emma Dawkins (born 1984, Oxford).[24] Dawkins and Barham also divorced[25] and she later died of cancer.[26][27] In 1992 he married actress Lalla Ward[25] in Kensington and Chelsea, London.[24] Dawkins met her through their mutual friend Douglas Adams,[28] who had worked with her on the BBC's Doctor Who.
Work[link]
Evolutionary biology[link]
Further information: Gene-centred view of evolution
In his scientific works, Dawkins is best known for his popularisation of the gene-centred view of evolution. This view is most clearly set out in his books The Selfish Gene (1976), where he notes that "all life evolves by the differential survival of replicating entities", and The Extended Phenotype (1982), in which he describes natural selection as "the process whereby replicators out-propagate each other".[29] In his role as an ethologist, interested in animal behaviour and its relation to natural selection, he advocates the idea that the gene is the principal unit of selection in evolution.
Dawkins has consistently been sceptical about non-adaptive processes in evolution (such as spandrels, described by Gould and Lewontin)[30] and about selection at levels "above" that of the gene.[31] He is particularly sceptical about the practical possibility or importance of group selection as a basis for understanding altruism.[32] This behaviour appears at first to be an evolutionary paradox, since helping others costs precious resources and decreases one's own fitness. Previously, many had interpreted this as an aspect of group selection: individuals were doing what was best for the survival of the population or species as a whole, and not specifically for themselves. British evolutionary biologist W. D. Hamilton had used the gene-centred view to explain altruism in terms of inclusive fitness and kin selection − that individuals behave altruistically toward their close relatives, who share many of their own genes.[33][a] Similarly, Robert Trivers, thinking in terms of the gene-centred model, developed the theory of reciprocal altruism, whereby one organism provides a benefit to another in the expectation of future reciprocation.[34] Dawkins popularised these ideas in The Selfish Gene, and developed them in his own work.[35]
He has also been strongly critical of the Gaia philosophy theory of the independent scientist James Lovelock.[36][37][38]
Critics of Dawkins' approach suggest that taking the gene as the unit of selection − of a single event in which an individual either succeeds or fails to reproduce − is misleading, but that the gene could be better described as a unit of evolution − of the long-term changes in allele frequencies in a population.[39] In The Selfish Gene, Dawkins explains that he is using George C. Williams' definition of the gene as "that which segregates and recombines with appreciable frequency."[40] Another common objection is that genes cannot survive alone, but must cooperate to build an individual, and therefore cannot be an independent "unit".[41] In The Extended Phenotype, Dawkins suggests that because of genetic recombination and sexual reproduction, from an individual gene's viewpoint all other genes are part of the environment to which it is adapted.
Advocates for higher levels of selection such as Richard Lewontin, David Sloan Wilson, and Elliot Sober suggest that there are many phenomena (including altruism) that gene-based selection cannot satisfactorily explain. The philosopher Mary Midgley, with whom Dawkins clashed in print concerning The Selfish Gene,[42][43] has criticised gene selection, memetics and sociobiology as being excessively reductionist[44] and suggests that the popularity of Dawkins' work is due to factors in the Zeitgeist such as the increased individualism of the Thatcher/Reagan decades.[45]
In a set of controversies over the mechanisms and interpretation of evolution (the so-called 'Darwin Wars'),[46][47] one faction was often named after Dawkins and its rival after the American palaeontologist Stephen Jay Gould, reflecting the pre-eminence of each as a populariser of pertinent ideas.[48][49] In particular, Dawkins and Gould have been prominent commentators in the controversy over sociobiology and evolutionary psychology, with Dawkins generally approving and Gould generally being critical.[50] A typical example of Dawkins' position was his scathing review of Not in Our Genes by Steven Rose, Leon J. Kamin and Richard C. Lewontin.[51] Two other thinkers on the subject often considered to be allied to Dawkins are Steven Pinker and Daniel Dennett; Dennett has promoted a gene-centred view of evolution and defended reductionism in biology.[52] Despite their academic disagreements, Dawkins and Gould did not have a hostile personal relationship, and Dawkins dedicated a large portion of his 2003 book A Devil's Chaplain posthumously to Gould, who had died the previous year.
Dawkins' book The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution expounds the evidence for biological evolution.[53] All of his previous works dealing with evolution had assumed its truth, and not explicitly provided the evidence to this effect. Dawkins felt that this represented a gap in his oeuvre, and decided to write the book to coincide with Darwin's bicentennial year.[54]
Meme[link]
Main article: Meme
Dawkins coined the word meme (the behavioural equivalent of a gene) as a way to encourage readers to think about how Darwinian principles might be extended beyond the realm of genes.[55] Indeed, it was intended as an extension of his "replicators" argument, but it took on a life of its own in the hands of other authors such as Daniel Dennett and Susan Blackmore. These popularisations then led to the emergence of the field of memetics, from which he has distanced himself.[56]
Dawkins' memes refer to any cultural entity that an observer might consider a replicator of a certain idea or a complex of ideas. He hypothesised that people could view many cultural entities as capable of such replication, generally through exposure to humans, who have evolved as efficient (although not perfect) copiers of information and behaviour. Memes are not always copied perfectly, and might indeed become refined, combined or otherwise modified with other ideas, resulting in new memes, which may themselves prove more, or less, efficient replicators than their predecessors, thus providing a framework for a hypothesis of cultural evolution, analogous to the theory of biological evolution based on genes.[57]
Although Dawkins invented the specific term meme independently, he has not claimed that the idea itself was entirely novel,[58] and there have been other expressions for similar ideas in the past. For instance, John Laurent has suggested that the term may have derived from the work of the little-known German biologist Richard Semon.[59] In 1904 Semon published Die Mneme (which appeared in English in 1924 as The Mneme). This book discussed the cultural transmission of experiences, with insights parallel to those of Dawkins. Laurent also found the term mneme used in Maurice Maeterlinck's The Life of the White Ant (1926), and has highlighted the similarities to Dawkins' concept.[59] Author James Gleick describes Dawkins’ concept of the meme as "his most famous memorable invention, far more influential than his selfish genes or his later proselytizing against religiosity".[60]
Criticism of creationism[link]
Dawkins is a prominent critic of creationism (the religious belief that humanity, life and the universe were created by a deity,[61] without recourse to evolution[62]). He has described the Young Earth creationist view that the Earth is only a few thousand years old as "a preposterous, mind-shrinking falsehood",[63] and his 1986 book, The Blind Watchmaker, contains a sustained critique of the argument from design, an important creationist argument. In the book, Dawkins argued against the watchmaker analogy made famous by the 18th-century English theologian William Paley in his book Natural Theology. Paley argued that, just as a watch is too complicated and too functional to have sprung into existence merely by accident, so too must all living things, with their far greater complexity, be purposefully designed. Dawkins shares the view generally held by scientists that natural selection is sufficient to explain the apparent functionality and non-random complexity of the biological world, and can be said to play the role of watchmaker in nature, albeit as an automatic, nonintelligent, blind watchmaker.[64]
In 1986 Dawkins participated in an Oxford Union debate, in which he and English biologist John Maynard Smith debated Young Earth creationist A. E. Wilder-Smith and Edgar Andrews, president of the Biblical Creation Society.[b] In general, however, Dawkins has followed the advice of his late colleague Stephen Jay Gould and refused to participate in formal debates with creationists because "what they seek is the oxygen of respectability", and doing so would "give them this oxygen by the mere act of engaging with them at all". He suggests that creationists "don't mind being beaten in an argument. What matters is that we give them recognition by bothering to argue with them in public."[65]
In a December 2004 interview with American journalist Bill Moyers, Dawkins said that "among the things that science does know, evolution is about as certain as anything we know." When Moyers questioned him on the use of the word theory, Dawkins stated that "evolution has been observed. It's just that it hasn't been observed while it's happening." He added that "it is rather like a detective coming on a murder after the scene... the detective hasn't actually seen the murder take place, of course. But what you do see is a massive clue... Huge quantities of circumstantial evidence. It might as well be spelled out in words of English."[66]
Dawkins has ardently opposed the inclusion of intelligent design in science education, describing it as "not a scientific argument at all, but a religious one".[67] He has been referred to in the media as "Darwin's Rottweiler",[68] a reference to English biologist T. H. Huxley, who was known as "Darwin's Bulldog" for his advocacy of Charles Darwin's evolutionary ideas. He has been a strong critic of the British organisation Truth in Science, which promotes the teaching of creationism in state schools, and he plans—through the Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science—to subsidise the delivery of books, DVDs and pamphlets to schools, in order to counteract what he has described as an "educational scandal".[69]
Advocacy of atheism[link]
Dawkins is an outspoken atheist and a prominent critic of religion. In an interview with Thomas Bass for a book published in 1994 he described himself as a "fairly militant atheist".[70] In 1996, when asked if he would prefer to be known as a scientist or a militant atheist, he replied "Bertrand Russell called himself the Passionate Sceptic. It's aiming high, but I'll shoot for that."[71] Dawkins is an Honorary Associate of the National Secular Society,[72] a vice-president of the British Humanist Association (since 1996),[7] a Distinguished Supporter of the Humanist Society of Scotland,[73] a member of the Secular Coalition for America advisory board,[74] a Humanist Laureate of the International Academy of Humanism,[75] and a fellow of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry.[76] In 2003 he became a signatory of the humanist manifesto Humanism and Its Aspirations, published by the American Humanist Association.[77] As a result of his advocacy of atheism, Dawkins has sometimes been described as a vocal, militant rationalist,[78][79] and as "the UK's Chief Atheist".[80]
Dawkins believes that his own atheism is the logical extension of his understanding of evolution[81] and that religion is largely incompatible with science.[82] In his 1986 book The Blind Watchmaker, Dawkins wrote:
An atheist before Darwin could have said, following Hume: "I have no explanation for complex biological design. All I know is that God isn't a good explanation, so we must wait and hope that somebody comes up with a better one." I can't help feeling that such a position, though logically sound, would have left one feeling pretty unsatisfied, and that although atheism might have been logically tenable before Darwin, Darwin made it possible to be an intellectually fulfilled atheist.[83]
In his 1991 essay "Viruses of the Mind" (from which the term faith-sufferer originated), he suggested that memetic theory might analyse and explain the phenomenon of religious belief and some of the common characteristics of religions, such as the belief that punishment awaits non-believers. According to Dawkins, faith − belief that is not based on evidence − is one of the world's great evils. He claims it to be analogous to the smallpox virus, though more difficult to eradicate.[84] Dawkins is well known for his contempt for religious extremism, from Islamist terrorism[85] to Christian fundamentalism; but he has also argued with liberal believers and religious scientists, from biologists Kenneth Miller[86] and Francis Collins[87] to theologians Alister McGrath and Richard Harries.[88] Dawkins has stated that his opposition to religion is twofold, claiming it to be both a source of conflict and a justification for belief without evidence.[89] However, he describes himself as a "cultural Christian",[90] and proposed the slogan "Atheists for Jesus".[91]
Following the 11 September 2001 attacks, when asked how the world might have changed, Dawkins responded:
Many of us saw religion as harmless nonsense. Beliefs might lack all supporting evidence but, we thought, if people needed a crutch for consolation, where's the harm? September 11th changed all that. Revealed faith is not harmless nonsense, it can be lethally dangerous nonsense. Dangerous because it gives people unshakeable confidence in their own righteousness. Dangerous because it gives them false courage to kill themselves, which automatically removes normal barriers to killing others. Dangerous because it teaches enmity to others labelled only by a difference of inherited tradition. And dangerous because we have all bought into a weird respect, which uniquely protects religion from normal criticism. Let's now stop being so damned respectful![92]
Dawkins has especially risen to prominence in contemporary public debates relating science and religion since the publication of his 2006 book The God Delusion, which has achieved greater sales figures worldwide than any of his other works to date. Its success has been seen by many as indicative of a change in the contemporary cultural zeitgeist, central to a recent rise in the popularity of atheistic literature.[93][94] The God Delusion was praised by among others the Nobel laureates Sir Harold Kroto and James D. Watson and by psychologist Steven Pinker.[95] In the book, Dawkins suggested that atheists should be proud, not apologetic, because atheism is evidence of a healthy, independent mind.[96] He sees education and consciousness-raising as the primary tools in opposing what he considers to be religious dogma and indoctrination.[16][97][98] These tools include the fight against certain stereotypes, and he has adopted the term Bright as a way of associating positive public connotations with those who possess a naturalistic worldview.[98] Dawkins notes that feminists have succeeded in arousing widespread embarrassment at the routine use of "he" instead of "she". Similarly, he suggests, a phrase such as "Catholic child" or "Muslim child" should be considered just as socially absurd as, for instance, "Marxist child": children should not be classified based on their parents' ideological beliefs.[98] According to Dawkins, there is no such thing as a Christian child or a Muslim child, as children have about as much capacity to make the decision to become Christians or Muslims as they do to become Marxists.[96]
In January 2006 Dawkins presented a two-part television documentary The Root of All Evil?, addressing what he sees as the malignant influence of religion on society. The title itself is one that Dawkins disliked, noting that religion shouldn't be regarded as the root of all evil.[99] Critics have said that the programme gave too much time to marginal figures and extremists, and that Dawkins' confrontational style did not help his cause and exhibited similarities with the approaches of religious fundamentalists more than with the approaches of the dispassionate, analytic approach of 'hard' science;[100][101] Dawkins rejected these claims, citing the number of moderate religious broadcasts in everyday media as providing a suitable balance to the extremists in the programmes. He further remarked that someone who is deemed an "extremist" in a religiously moderate country may well be considered "mainstream" in a religiously conservative one.[102] The unedited recordings of Dawkins' conversations with Alister McGrath and Richard Harries, including material unused in the broadcast version, have been made available online by the Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science.[103]
Dawkins' work has been controversial, and a number of Christian thinkers have responded to it. For example, Oxford theologian Alister McGrath (author of The Dawkins Delusion and Dawkins' God) maintains that Dawkins is ignorant of Christian theology and therefore unable to engage religion and faith intelligently.[104] In reply, Dawkins asks "do you have to read up on leprechology before disbelieving in leprechauns?",[105] and − in the paperback edition of The God Delusion − he refers to the American biologist PZ Myers, who has satirised this line of argument as "The Courtier's Reply".[106] Dawkins had an extended debate with McGrath at the 2007 Sunday Times Literary Festival.[107]
Dawkins argues that "the existence of God is a scientific hypothesis like any other".[108] He disagrees with Stephen Jay Gould's principle of nonoverlapping magisteria. In an interview with Time magazine, Dawkins said:
I think that Gould's separate compartments was a purely political ploy to win middle-of-the-road religious people to the science camp. But it's a very empty idea. There are plenty of places where religion does not keep off the scientific turf. Any belief in miracles is flat contradictory not just to the facts of science but to the spirit of science.[109]
Astrophysicist Martin Rees, who has described himself as an unbeliever who identifies with Christianity from a cultural perspective, has suggested that Dawkins' attack on mainstream religion is unhelpful.[110] Regarding Rees' claim in his book Our Cosmic Habitat that "such questions lie beyond science", Dawkins asks "what expertise can theologians bring to deep cosmological questions that scientists cannot?"[111][112] Elsewhere, Dawkins has written that "there's all the difference in the world between a belief that one is prepared to defend by quoting evidence and logic, and a belief that is supported by nothing more than tradition, authority or revelation."[84] As examples of "good scientists who are sincerely religious", Dawkins names Arthur Peacocke, Russell Stannard, John Polkinghorne and Francis Collins, but says "I remain baffled ... by their belief in the details of the Christian religion."[113][114][115][116][117] He has said that the publication of The God Delusion is "probably the culmination" of his campaign against religion.[118]
In 2007 Dawkins founded the Out Campaign to encourage atheists worldwide to declare their stance publicly and proudly.[119] Inspired by the gay rights movement, Dawkins hopes that atheists' identifying of themselves as such, and thereby increasing public awareness of how many people hold these views, will reduce the negative opinion of atheism among the religious majority.[120][121]
In September 2008, following a complaint by Islamic creationist Adnan Oktar, a court in Turkey blocked access to Dawkins' website richarddawkins.net. The court decision was made due to "insult to personality".[122][123][124][125][126][127] As of 8 July 2011, richarddawkins.net is no longer blocked in Turkey.[128]
In October 2008, Dawkins officially supported the UK's first atheist advertising initiative, the Atheist Bus Campaign. Created by Guardian journalist Ariane Sherine and administered by the British Humanist Association the campaign aimed to raise funds to place atheist adverts on buses in the London area, and Dawkins pledged to match the amount raised by atheists, up to a maximum of £5,500. However, the campaign was an unprecedented success, raising over £100,000 in its first four days, and generating global press coverage.[129][130] The campaign, started in January 2009, features adverts across the UK with the slogan: "There's probably no God. Now stop worrying and enjoy your life." Dawkins said that "this campaign to put alternative slogans on London buses will make people think—and thinking is anathema to religion."[131]
In 2010 Dawkins supported legal efforts to charge Pope Benedict XVI with crimes against humanity. Dawkins and fellow anti-religion campaigner Christopher Hitchens were believed to have explored the option of attempting to have the Pope arrested under the same legal principle that saw Chilean dictator Augusto Pinochet arrested during a visit to Britain in 1998.[132]
Dawkins has given support to the idea of a "free thinking" school which he calls "Think for Yourself Academy".[133] The school would not "indoctrinate children in atheism, any more than in religion" but it would teach children to "ask for evidence, to be sceptical, critical, open-minded".[134][135]
On 15 September 2010, Dawkins, along with 54 other public figures, signed an open letter published in The Guardian, stating their opposition to Pope Benedict XVI's state visit to the United Kingdom, while acknowledging his right to tour the UK as head of the Roman Catholic Church.[136]
Richard Dawkins Foundation[link]
Main article: Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science
In 2006 Dawkins founded the Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science (RDFRS), a non-profit organisation. The foundation is in developmental phase. It has been granted charitable status in the United Kingdom and the United States. RDFRS plans to finance research on the psychology of belief and religion, finance scientific education programs and materials, and publicise and support secular charitable organisations. The foundation also offers humanist, rationalist and scientific materials and information through its website.[137]
Dawkins has said the "trend toward theocratic thinking in the United States is a danger not only for America but for the entire world."[138] Connected to this concern, Dawkins invited Sean Faircloth to serve as opening speaker on Dawkins' 2011 US book tour. Faircloth is author of the book Attack of the Theocrats, How the Religious Right Harms Us All and What We Can Do About It. The Richard Dawkins Foundation (United States branch) later hired Faircloth, who has ten years experience as a state legislator, as Director of Strategy and Policy.[138]
Other fields[link]
In his role as professor for public understanding of science, Dawkins has been a critic of pseudoscience and alternative medicine. His 1998 book Unweaving the Rainbow takes John Keats' accusation that, by explaining the rainbow, Isaac Newton had diminished its beauty, and argues for the opposite conclusion. He suggests that deep space, the billions of years of life's evolution, and the microscopic workings of biology and heredity contain more beauty and wonder than do "myths" and "pseudoscience".[139] Dawkins wrote a foreword to John Diamond's posthumously published Snake Oil, a book devoted to debunking alternative medicine, in which he asserted that alternative medicine was harmful, if only because it distracted patients from more successful conventional treatments and gave people false hopes.[140] Dawkins states that "there is no alternative medicine. There is only medicine that works and medicine that doesn't work."[141]
Dawkins has expressed concern about the growth of the planet's human population and about the matter of overpopulation.[142] In The Selfish Gene, he briefly mentions population growth, giving the example of Latin America, whose population, at the time the book was written, was doubling every 40 years. He is critical of Roman Catholic attitudes to family planning and population control, stating that leaders who forbid contraception and "express a preference for 'natural' methods of population limitation" will get just such a method in the form of starvation.[143]
As a supporter of the Great Ape Project – a movement to extend certain moral and legal rights to all great apes – Dawkins contributed the article "Gaps in the Mind" to the Great Ape Project book edited by Paola Cavalieri and Peter Singer. In this essay, he criticises contemporary society's moral attitudes as being based on a "discontinuous, speciesist imperative".[144]
Dawkins also regularly comments in newspapers and weblogs on contemporary political questions; his opinions include opposition to the 2003 invasion of Iraq,[145] the British nuclear deterrent and the actions of US President George W. Bush.[146] Several such articles were included in A Devil's Chaplain, an anthology of writings about science, religion and politics. He is also a supporter of the Republic campaign to replace the British monarchy with a democratically elected president.[147] Dawkins has described himself as a Labour voter in the 1970s[148] and voter for the Liberal Democrats since the party's creation.[149] In 2009 he spoke at the party's conference in opposition to blasphemy laws, alternative medicine and faith schools. In the UK general election of 2010, Dawkins officially endorsed the Liberal Democrats, in support of their campaign for electoral reform and for their "refusal to pander to 'faith'."[150]
In the 2007 TV documentary The Enemies of Reason,[151] Dawkins discusses what he sees as the dangers of abandoning critical thought and rationale based upon scientific evidence. He specifically cites astrology, spiritualism, dowsing, alternative faiths, alternative medicine and homoeopathy. He also discusses how the Internet can be used to spread religious hatred and conspiracy theories with scant attention to evidence-based reasoning.
Continuing a long-standing partnership with Channel 4, Dawkins participated in a five-part television series Genius of Britain, along with fellow scientists Stephen Hawking, James Dyson, Paul Nurse, and Jim Al-Khalili. The five-episode series was broadcast in June 2010.[152] The series focussed on major British scientific achievements throughout history.
Dawkins presented a More4 documentary entitled Faith School Menace? in which he argued for "us to reconsider the consequences of faith education, which... bamboozles parents and indoctrinates and divides children."[153][154]
In 1998 Dawkins expressed his appreciation for two books, famous for their criticism of postmodernism in US universities, in departments like literary studies, anthropology and other cultural studies; the two books are Higher Superstition: The Academic Left and Its Quarrels with Science (by Gross and Levitt) and Intellectual Impostures (by Sokal and Bricmont), both related to the Sokal affair hoax.[155] In the same occasion Dawkins also criticised Cambridge University for awarding philosopher Jacques Derrida an honorary doctorate.[155]
In 2011 Dawkins joined the professoriate of the New College of the Humanities, a new private university in London established by A. C. Grayling, which is scheduled to open in September 2012.[156]
Awards and recognition[link]
Dawkins was awarded a Doctor of Science by the University of Oxford in 1989. He holds honorary doctorates in science from the University of Huddersfield, University of Westminster, Durham University,[157] the University of Hull, the University of Antwerp, and the University of Oslo,[158] and honorary doctorates from the University of Aberdeen,[159] Open University, the Vrije Universiteit Brussel,[7] and the University of Valencia.[160] He also holds honorary doctorates of letters from the University of St Andrews and the Australian National University (HonLittD, 1996), and was elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 1997 and the Royal Society in 2001.[7] He is one of the patrons of the Oxford University Scientific Society.
In 1987 Dawkins received a Royal Society of Literature award and a Los Angeles Times Literary Prize for his book, The Blind Watchmaker. In the same year, he received a Sci. Tech Prize for Best Television Documentary Science Programme of the Year, for the BBC Horizon episode The Blind Watchmaker.[7]
His other awards have included the Zoological Society of London Silver Medal (1989), Finlay innovation award (1990), the Michael Faraday Award (1990), the Nakayama Prize (1994), the American Humanist Association's Humanist of the Year Award (1996), the fifth International Cosmos Prize (1997), the Kistler Prize (2001), the Medal of the Presidency of the Italian Republic (2001), the Bicentennial Kelvin Medal of The Royal Philosophical Society of Glasgow (2002)[7] and the Nierenberg Prize for Science in the Public Interest (2009).[161]
Dawkins topped Prospect magazine's 2004 list of the top 100 public British intellectuals, as decided by the readers, receiving twice as many votes as the runner-up.[162][163] He has been short-listed as a candidate in their 2008 follow-up poll.[164] In 2005 the Hamburg-based Alfred Toepfer Foundation awarded him its Shakespeare Prize in recognition of his "concise and accessible presentation of scientific knowledge". He won the Lewis Thomas Prize for Writing about Science for 2006 and the Galaxy British Book Awards Author of the Year Award for 2007.[165] In the same year, he was listed by Time magazine as one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2007,[166] and he was ranked 20th in The Daily Telegraph's 2007 list of 100 greatest living geniuses.[167] He was awarded the Deschner Award, named after German anti-clerical author Karlheinz Deschner.[168]
Since 2003, the Atheist Alliance International has awarded a prize during its annual conference, honouring an outstanding atheist whose work has done most to raise public awareness of atheism during that year. It is known as the Richard Dawkins Award, in honour of Dawkins' own work.[169]
In February 2010 he was named to the Freedom From Religion Foundation's Honorary Board of distinguished achievers.[170]
Media[link]
Selected publications[link]
Main article: List of publications by Richard Dawkins
- The Selfish Gene. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1976. ISBN 0-19-286092-5.
- The Extended Phenotype. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 1982. ISBN 0-19-288051-9.
- The Blind Watchmaker. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1986. ISBN 0-393-31570-3.
- River Out of Eden. New York: Basic Books. 1995. ISBN 0-465-06990-8.
- Climbing Mount Improbable. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. 1996. ISBN 0-393-31682-3.
- Unweaving the Rainbow. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 1998. ISBN 0-618-05673-4.
- A Devil's Chaplain. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 2003. ISBN 0-618-33540-4.
- The Ancestor's Tale. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 2004. ISBN 0-618-00583-8.
- The God Delusion. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. 2006. ISBN 0-618-68000-4.
- The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution. Free Press (United States), Transworld (United Kingdom and Commonwealth). 2009. ISBN 0-593-06173-X.
- The Magic of Reality: How We Know What's Really True. Free Press (United States), Bantam Press (United Kingdom). 2011. ISBN 978-1-4391-9281-8. OCLC 709673132. [171]
Documentary films[link]
- Nice Guys Finish First (1986)
- The Blind Watchmaker (1987)[172]
- Growing Up in the Universe (1991)
- Break the Science Barrier (1996)
- The Root of All Evil? (2006)
- The Enemies of Reason (2007)
- The Genius of Charles Darwin (2008)
- Faith School Menace? (2010)
Other appearances[link]
- Doctor Who: "The Stolen Earth" (2008) – as himself
- Expelled: No Intelligence Allowed (2008) – as himself
- The Purpose of Purpose (2009) – Lecture tour among American universities
- Beautiful Minds (April 2012) – BBC4 documentary
Notes[link]
a. ^ W. D. Hamilton hugely influenced Dawkins and the influence can be seen throughout Dawkins' book The Selfish Gene.[16] They became friends at Oxford and following Hamilton's death in 2000, Dawkins wrote his obituary and organised a secular memorial service.[173]
b. ^ The debate ended with the motion "That the doctrine of creation is more valid than the theory of evolution" being defeated by 198 votes to 115.[174][175]
References[link]
- ^ Emeritus and Honorary Fellows of New College, Oxford
- ^ "Previous holders of The Simonyi Professorship". The University of Oxford. http://www.simonyi.ox.ac.uk/previous-holders-simonyi-professorship. Retrieved 2010-09-23.
- ^ "European Evolutionary Biologists Rally Behind Richard Dawkins' Extended Phenotype". Sciencedaily.com. 20 January 2009. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/01/090119081333.htm. Retrieved 2011-06-28.
- ^ "Richard Dawkins on militant atheism". TED Conferences, LLC. http://www.ted.com/talks/lang/en/richard_dawkins_on_militant_atheism.html. Retrieved 2011-12-14.
- ^ Dawkins, Richard (2006). The God Delusion. Transworld Publishers. p. 5. ISBN 0-593-05548-9.
- ^ "The God Delusion – back on the Times extended list at #24". Richard Dawkins at RichardDawkins.net. 27 January 2010. http://richarddawkins.net/articles/5000#455619. Retrieved 6 February 2010.
- "Richard Dawkins — Science and the New Atheism". Richard Dawkins at Point of Inquiry. 8 December 2007. http://media.libsyn.com/media/pointofinquiry/POI_2007_12_7_Richard_Dawkins.mp3. Retrieved 2008-03-14.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Curriculum vitae of Richard Dawkins". The University of Oxford. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080423211133/http://www.simonyi.ox.ac.uk/dawkins/CV.shtml. Retrieved 2008-03-13. [dead link]
- ^ a b Dawkins, Richard (11 December 2010). "Lives Remembered: John Dawkins". The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/lives-remembered-john-dawkins-2157459.html. Retrieved 12 December 2010.
- ^ a b c d Hattenstone, Simon (10 February 2003). "Darwin's child". London: The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2003/feb/10/religion.scienceandnature. Retrieved 2008-04-22.
- ^ Dawkins, Richard (2004-10). The Ancestor's Tale. p. 317. ISBN 978-0-618-00583-3. http://books.google.com/books?id=Tub-X6wydKgC&pg=PA317.
- ^ Dawkins, Richard. "Brief Scientific Autobiography". RichardDawkins.net. http://richarddawkins.net/articles/4757-brief-scientific-autobiography. Retrieved 2010-07-17.
- ^ "Richard Dawkins: The foibles of faith". BBC News. 12 October 2001. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/uk/2000/newsmakers/1595744.stm. Retrieved 2008-03-13.
- ^ Pollard, Nick (1995-04). "High Profile". Third Way (Harrow, England) 18 (3): 15. ISSN 0309-3492. http://books.google.com/?id=17rzvh_Ve0IC&pg=PA15&dq=%22a+normal+Anglican+upbringing%22+dawkins&q=%22a%20normal%20Anglican%20upbringing%22%20dawkins.
- ^ Schrage, Michael (July 1995). "Revolutionary Evolutionist". Wired. http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/3.07/dawkins_pr.html. Retrieved 2008-04-21.
- ^ Dawkins, Richard (1969). "A threshold model of choice behaviour". Animal Behaviour 17 (1): 120. DOI:10.1016/0003-3472(69)90120-1.
- ^ a b c ""Belief" interview". BBC. 5 April 2004. http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/atheism/people/dawkins.shtml. Retrieved 2008-04-08.
- ^ Simonyi, Charles (15 May 1995). "Manifesto for the Simonyi Professorship". The University of Oxford. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080423211123/http://www.simonyi.ox.ac.uk/aims/manifesto.shtml. Retrieved 2008-03-13.
- ^ "Internet Archive Wayback Machine". Web.archive.org. 23 April 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080423211118/www.simonyi.ox.ac.uk/aims/index.shtml. Retrieved 2011-06-28.
- ^ "The Current Simonyi Professor: Richard Dawkins". The University of Oxford. Archived from the original on 23 April 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080423211128/http://www.simonyi.ox.ac.uk/dawkins/index.shtml. Retrieved 2008-03-13.
- ^ "Editorial Board". The Skeptics' Society. http://www.skeptic.com/the_magazine/editorial_board.html. Retrieved 2008-04-22.
- ^ "The Dawkins Prize for Animal Conservation and Welfare". Balliol College, Oxford. 9 November 2007. Archived from the original on 12 September 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070912192317/http://www.balliol.ox.ac.uk/official/miscellany/dawkins/index.asp. Retrieved 2008-03-30.
- ^ Martin Beckford and Urmee Khan (24 October 2008). "Harry Potter fails to cast spell over Professor Richard Dawkins". London: The Daily Telegraph. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/3255972/Harry-Potter-fails-to-cast-spell-over-Professor-Richard-Dawkins.html. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ "Marriage". The Times (London): p. 8. 23 August 1967. http://callisto10.ggimg.com/doc/LT/WrapPDF=contentSet=LT=recordID=0FFO-1967-AUG23-008-F.pdf. [dead link]
- ^ a b c "Births, Marriages and Deaths, England and Wales 1984–2006". Findmypast.com. http://www.findmypast.co.uk/BirthsMarriagesDeaths.jsp. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
- ^ a b McKie, Robin (25 July 2004). "Doctor Zoo". London: The Guardian. http://observer.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,6903,1268687,00.html. Retrieved 2008-03-17.
- ^ Riddell, Mary (26 March 1999). "Eating people is wrong". New Statesman. http://www.newstatesman.com/199903260013. Retrieved 2008-03-13.
- ^ Dawkins, Richard (21 March 1999). "There are happy and sad songs to be sung". London: The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/the-diary-there-are-happy-and-sad-songs-to-be-sung-1082190.html. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
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- ^ "Faith School Menace? – Faith School Menace?". Channel 4. 18 August 2010. http://www.channel4.com/programmes/faith-school-menace/episode-guide/series-1/episode-1. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
- ^ Sutcliffe, Tom (19 August 2010). "Last Night's TV: Faith Schools Menace?/More 4 – Reviews, TV & Radio". London: The Independent. http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/tv/reviews/last-nights-tv-faith-schools-menacemore-4-2056104.html. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
- ^ a b Dawkins, Richard. "Postmodernism Disrobed". http://physics.nyu.edu/faculty/sokal/dawkins.html. Retrieved 2010-09-24.
- ^ New university to rival Oxbridge will charge £18,000 a year Sunday Telegraph 5-Jun-2011
- ^ "Durham salutes science, Shakespeare and social inclusion". Durham News & Events Service. 26 August 2005. http://www.dur.ac.uk/news/allnews/?itemno=3972. Retrieved 2006-04-11.
- ^ "Æresdoktorer i 2011 - Universitetet i Oslo" (in (Norwegian)). Uio.no. http://www.uio.no/om/tall-og-fakta/aresdoktorer/eresdoktorer-2011.html. Retrieved 2011-10-22. [dead link]
- ^ Best-selling biologist and outspoken atheist among those honoured by University, University of Aberdeen.
- ^ "Richard Dawkins, doctor 'honoris causa' per la Universitat de València". 31 March 2009. http://www.uv.es/~webuv/noticies/noticia.php?idnoticia=7165. Retrieved 2009-04-02.
- ^ Scripps Institution of Oceanography (7 April 2009). "Scripps Institution of Oceanography Honors Evolutionary Biologist, Richard Dawkins, in Public Ceremony and Lecture". Scripps Institution of Oceanography. http://scrippsnews.ucsd.edu/Releases/?releaseID=967. Retrieved 2009-04-07.
- ^ "Q&A: Richard Dawkins". BBC News. 29 July 2004. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3935757.stm. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
- ^ Herman, David (2004). "Public Intellectuals Poll". Prospect magazine. http://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/2004/08/publicintellectualspoll/. Retrieved 2008-03-09.
- ^ "The Top 100 Public Intellectuals". Prospect magazine. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=4262. Retrieved 2008-04-22.
- ^ "Galaxy British Book Awards — Winners & Shortlists 2007". Publishing News. 2007. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070927130727/http://www.britishbookawards.co.uk/pnbb_winners2007.asp?#3. Retrieved 2007-04-21.
- ^ Behe, Michael (3 May 2007). "Time Top 100". TIME. http://www.time.com/time/specials/2007/time100/article/0,28804,1595326_1595329_1616137,00.html. Retrieved 2008-03-02.
- ^ "Top 100 living geniuses". The Daily Telegraph. 28 October 2007. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1567544/Top-100-living-geniuses.html. Retrieved 2010-10-04.
- ^ Giordano Bruno Stiftung (28 May 2007). "Deschner-Preis an Richard Dawkins". Humanistischer Pressedienst. http://hpd-online.de/node/2010. Retrieved 2008-04-04.
- ^ Slack, Gordy (30 April 2005). "The atheist". Salon. http://dir.salon.com/story/news/feature/2005/04/30/dawkins/index.html. Retrieved 2007-08-03.
- ^ "Honorary FFRF Board Announced". http://ffrf.org/news/releases/honorary-ffrf-board-announced/. Retrieved 2008-08-20.
- ^ ""The Magic of Reality - new book by Richard Dawkins this Fall" 10 May 2011". Richarddawkins.net. 10 May 2011. http://richarddawkins.net/articles/625578. Retrieved 2011-06-28.
- ^ Staff. "BBC Educational and Documentary: Blind Watchmaker". BBC. http://www.bbcactive.com/BroadCastLearning/asp/catalogue/productdetail.asp?productcode=207. Retrieved 2 December 2008. [dead link]
- ^ Dawkins, Richard (3 October 2000). "Obituary by Richard Dawkins". The Independent. Archived from the original on 18 March 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080318185801/http://www.unifr.ch/biol/ecology/hamilton/hamilton.html#Dawkins. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
- ^ Critical-Historical Perspective on the Argument about Evolution and Creation, John Durant, in "From Evolution to Creation: A European Perspective (Eds. Sven Anderson, Arthus Peacocke), Aarhus Univ. Press, Aarhus, Denmark
- ^ "1986 Oxford Union Debate: Richard Dawkins, John Maynard Smith". RichardDawkins.net. Archived from the original on 13 October 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071013161954/http://richarddawkins.net/article,721,1986-Oxford-Union-Debate,Richard-Dawkins-John-Maynard-Smith. Retrieved 2007-05-10. Debate downloadable as MP3 files.
External links[link]
 |
Book: Richard Dawkins |
| Wikipedia books are collections of articles that can be downloaded or ordered in print. | |
 |
Wikiquote has a collection of quotations related to: Richard Dawkins |
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Richard Dawkins |
General
- Official website
- The Richard Dawkins Foundation for Reason and Science
- Richard Dawkins at the Internet Movie Database
- Works by or about Richard Dawkins in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
- Richard Dawkins collected news and commentary at The Guardian
- Richard Dawkins collected news and commentary at The New York Times
Video
- National Geographic Interviews – A series of video interviews with National Geographic Channel with Richard Dawkins on Darwin, Evolution and God.
- Appearances on C-SPAN
- Richard Dawkins on Charlie Rose
- Richard Dawkins at TED Conferences
- Video interview with Riz Khan for Al Jazeera English
- Video interview at Big Think
Selected writings
- Viruses of the Mind (1993) – Religion as a mental virus.
- The Real Romance in the Stars (1995) – A critical view of astrology.
- The Emptiness of Theology at RDFRS.(1998) – A critical view of theology.
- Snake Oil and Holy Water (1999) – suggests that there is no convergence occurring between science and theism.
- What Use is Religion? (2004) – suggests that religion may have no survival value other than to itself.
- Race and Creation (2004) – On race, its usage and a theory of how it evolved.
- The giant tortoise's tale, The turtle's tale and The lava lizard's tale (2005) – A series of three articles written after a visit to the Galápagos Islands.
- Dawkins' Huffington Post articles
Audio
- 2011 Interview on io9's Geek's Guide to the Galaxy podcast
- Richard Dawkins on RadioLIVE's Weekend Variety Wireless – Richard Dawkins appears live on New Zealand's Radio Live, taking calls from the audience.
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Dawkins, Richard |
| Alternative names | Dawkins, Clinton Richard |
| Short description | British evolutionary biologist, ethologist, atheist, humanist and sceptic |
| Date of birth | 26 March 1941 |
| Place of birth | Nairobi, Kenya |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Richard_Dawkins
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http://ru.wn.com/Докинз, Клинтон Ричард
http://pl.wn.com/Richard Dawkins
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This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Dawkins
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Mario Savio | |
|---|---|
 Mario Savio on Sproul Hall steps, 1966 |
|
| Born | (1942-12-08)8 December 1942 New York |
| Died | November 6, 1996(1996-11-06) (aged 53) Sebastopol, California |
| Nationality | American |
| Known for | Political activism |
Mario Savio (December 8, 1942 – November 6, 1996) was an American political activist and a key member in the Berkeley Free Speech Movement. He is most famous for his passionate speeches, especially his "put your bodies upon the gears" address given at Sproul Hall, University of California, Berkeley on December 2, 1964.
Contents |
Biography[link]
Early life[link]
Savio was born in New York to a Sicilian steel worker father. Both his parents were devout Catholics and, as an altar boy, Savio was planning to become a priest.[1] He told Karlyn Barker in 1964 that it was a question as to whose side you are on. ‘Are we on the side of the civil rights movement? Or have we gotten back to the comfort and security of Berkeley, California, and can we forget the sharecroppers whom we worked with just a few weeks back? Well we couldn’t forget.’[2]
Savio’s part in the protest on the Berkeley campus started when on October 1, 1964, former student Jack Weinberg was manning a table for the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE). The University police had just put him in a police car when someone from the surrounding crowd yelled ‘sit down.’ Savio, along with others during the 32-hour sit-in, took off his shoes and climbed on top of the car and spoke with words that roused the crowd into frenzy.[3]
The last time he climbed on the police car was to tell the crowd of a short-term understanding that had been met with UC President Clark Kerr. Savio said to the crowd, "I ask you to rise quietly and with dignity, and go home", and the crowd did exactly what he said. After this Savio became the prominent leader of the newly formed Free Speech Movement.[4] Negotiations failed to change the situation; therefore direct action began in Sproul Hall on December 2. There, Savio gave his most famous speech, on the "operation of the machine", in front of 4,000 people. He and 800 others were arrested that day. In 1967 he was sentenced to 120 days at Santa Rita Jail. He told reporters that ‘[he] would do it again.’[4]
In April 1965, he quit the FSM because ‘he was disappointed with the growing gap between the leadership of the FSM … and the students themselves.’[5]
"Bodies upon the gears" speech[link]
 External videos |
|
|---|---|
 |
Bodies Upon The Gears Speech on YouTube |
""...I ask you to consider—if this is a firm, and if the Board of Regents are the Board of Directors, and if President Kerr in fact is the manager, then I tell you something—the faculty are a bunch of employees and we're the raw material! But we're a bunch of raw materials that don't mean to be - have any process upon us. Don't mean to be made into any product! Don't mean - Don't mean to end up being bought by some clients of the University, be they the government, be they industry, be they organized labor, be they anyone! We're human beings!...There's a time when the operation of the machine becomes so odious—makes you so sick at heart—that you can't take part. You can't even passively take part. And you've got to put your bodies upon the gears and upon the wheels, upon the levers, upon all the apparatus, and you've got to make it stop. And you've got to indicate to the people who run it, to the people who own it, that unless you're free, the machine will be prevented from working at all." Sproul Hall Steps, December 2, 1964.
Later life[link]
Between 1965 and his death, Savio held a variety of jobs, including as a sales clerk in Berkeley.[6] In 1965, he married Suzanne Goldberg, whom he had met during the Free Speech Movement. Two months after their wedding, they moved to England because Savio had won a scholarship to the University of Oxford. While there, they had their first child, Stefan. Savio did not complete his degree at Oxford, and they moved back to California in February 1966.[6] In 1968, he ran for state senator from Alameda County on the Peace and Freedom Party ticket, but lost to Nick Petris, a liberal Democrat.[6].
In 1980, he married a second time, to Lynne Hollander, an old acquaintance from the Free Speech Movement.[7] He returned to university at San Francisco State University soon after. In 1984, he received a summa cum laude bachelor’s degree in physics and earned a master’s degree in 1989.[8] In 1990, Savio and Hollander moved with their 10-year-old son, Daniel, to Sonoma County, California, where he taught mathematics, philosophy and logic at Sonoma State University.[9]
FBI controversy[link]
In 1999, it was revealed that Savio had been tailed by the Federal Bureau of Investigation from the moment that he had climbed onto the police car in which Jack Weinberg was detained. He was followed for more than a decade "because he had emerged as the nation’s most prominent student leader."[6] There was no evidence that he was a threat or that he had any connection with the Communist Party, but the FBI decided he merited their attention because they thought he could inspire students to rebel.[6]
Even after he had left the FSM, the FBI called him to their Berkeley office. They told Savio that they had received letters of a threatening nature towards him, but they would not speak with Savio’s attorney present. However, Savio would not agree, and instead criticized the FBI ‘for failure to make arrests and take action in the South where human rights are being violated every day.’[4] At this point the meeting ended.
According to hundreds of pages of FBI files, the bureau:
- Collected, without court order, personal information about Savio from schools, telephone companies, utility firms and banks and compiled information about his marriage and divorce.
- Monitored his day-to-day activities by using informants planted in political groups, covertly contacting his neighbors, landlords and employers, and having agents pose as professors, journalists and activists to interview him and his wife.
- Obtained his tax returns from the Internal Revenue Service in violation of federal rules, mischaracterized him as a threat to the president and arranged for the CIA and foreign intelligence agencies to investigate him when he and his family travelled in Europe.
- Put him on an unauthorized list of people to be detained without judicial warrant in event of a national emergency, and designated him as a "Key Activist" whose political activities should be "disrupted" and "neutralized" under the bureau's illegal counterintelligence program known as COINTELPRO.[10]
The investigation finally ended at the beginning of 1975 and at that point an investigation in to the FBI’s abuse of power began. Savio’s ex-wife, Suzanne Goldberg, said that the "FBI’s investigation of her and Savio [was] a waste of money and an invasion of privacy."[6]
Death[link]
Savio had a history of heart problems and was admitted to Columbia-Palm Drive Hospital in Sebastopol, California, on November 2, 1996. He slipped into a coma on November 5 and died the following day,[11] shortly after being removed from life support.[12]
Legacy[link]
A Memorial Lecture Fund was set up to honor Mario Savio upon his death. The MSMLF hosts an annual fall lecture on the University of California, Berkeley campus. Past lecturers include Howard Zinn, Winona LaDuke, Lani Guinier, Barbara Ehrenreich, Arlie Russell Hochschild, Cornel West, Christopher Hitchens, Adam Hochschild, Amy Goodman, Molly Ivins, Jeff Chang, Tom Hayden, Angela Davis, Seymour Hersh, Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., Naomi Klein, Elizabeth Warren, and Robert Reich.[13]
The Memorial Fund also set up the Mario Savio Young Activist Award to honor an outstanding activist under 30 with a deep commitment to human rights and social justice and the qualities of leadership ability, creativity, and integrity. Recipients of the award since it was first bestowed in 1998 include Michael Leon Guerrero, Niki Fortunato Bas, Jia Ching Chen, Jim Keady, Harmony Goldberg, Genevieve Gonzales, Rocio Nieves, Jason West, Erin Durban, Noemi Ramos, Christopher Goodman, Patrisse Marie Cullors, Julissa Bisono, Chelsea Chee, Timothy Den-Herder, Reyna Wences, Rigoberto Padilla-Perez, Ellen Choy, Josh Healey, and Christsna Sot.[14]
In 1997, the steps of Sproul Plaza, from which he had given his most famous speech, were officially renamed the “Mario Savio Steps".[15]
Mario's famous speech is sampled in many songs including "An Ounce Of Prevention" from the album On Little Known Frequencies by the band From Monument to Masses, "Timelessness" by the band Fear Factory, "The Movie's Over" by the Australian band Cog, "Article IV" by the Santa Cruz band Good Riddance, "Here Come The Pigs" by Deadsoul Tribe and "Wretches and Kings" from the album A Thousand Suns by Linkin Park. It is also paraphrased in an episode of Battlestar Galactica (Lay Down Your Burdens, Part II),[16] given by Chief Galen Tyrol, the head of a union. It is also used in the intro to the podcast of the Dean Blundell Show on 102.1 the Edge, Toronto's largest radio station.
On March 12, 2011, at the end of an announcement by hacktivist group Anonymous of an attack, called the Empire State Rebellion, on the Federal Reserve, the International Monetary Fund, the Bank of International Settlements and the World Bank, an excerpt of Savio's speech was included.
Since the onset of the Occupy movement in the United States in Fall 2011, Savio's speech and his activism have been cited many times.
His speech has also been cited and referenced by Stephen Patis's comic, Pearls Before Swine, by the main character, Rat, on a few occasions.
Biography[link]
- Robert Cohen, Freedom's Orator: Mario Savio and the Radical Legacy of the 1960s (Oxford University Press, 2009). ISBN 978-0-19-518293-4
- Robert Cohen and Reginald E. Zelnik, eds., The Free Speech Movement: Reflections on Berkeley in the 1960s (University of California Press, 2002). ISBN 0-520-23354-9
References[link]
- ^ Seth Rosenfeld, "How the man who challenged 'the machine' got caught in non-menial jobs. He was charged with trespassing, along with 167 other protesters. While in jail, a cellmate asked if he was heading for Mississippi that sutt,San Jose Mercury News">Mowatt,San Jose Mercury News. Note that this reference doesn't make sense, has plenty typos and is formatted wrong. The Rosenfeld/Chronicle article indeed documents his early thoughts of becoming a priest. The Mercury News may have had a similar article.
- ^ Karlyn Barker, 'Rebel with a Cause,' Washington Post,8 November 1996,section:style, p. D01.
- ^ Rorabaugh,Berkeley at War.
- ^ a b c Rosenfeld,San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ Michael Taylor, "Stirring Up a Generation; Mario Savio's passionate speeches and mesmerizing delivery became synon," San Francisco Chronicle, 8 December 1996, p. 1/Z3.
- ^ a b c d e f Rosenfeld, San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ Taylor, San Francisco Chronicle.
- ^ Eric Pace, "Mario Savio, 53, Campus Protestor Dies," New York Times, 7 November 1996, section D, p. 27.
- ^ Mowatt, San Jose Mercury News.
- ^ Seth Rosenfeld, "60s Free Speech Leader got caught in FBI web," San Francisco Chronicle, 10 October 2004, p. A1.
- ^ Pace, New York Times.
- ^ Mowatt,San Jose Mercury News.
- ^ Mario Savio Memorial Lecture Fund website: The Lectures
- ^ Mario Savio Memorial Lecture Fund website: Young Activist Awards
- ^ Sandy Kleffman, "School goes full circle on Savio steps near Sproul Plaza named for Free Speech Leader," San Jose Mercury News, 4 December 1997, p. 1B.
- ^ [1]
External links[link]
- The Mario Savio Memorial Lecture Fund
- Text, Audio, Video of Sproul Hall Sit-in Address delivered 2 December 1964
- FBI file on Mario Savio
- The Free Speech Movement Online Sound Recording Collection (via UC Berkeley Media Resources Center)
- The Free Speech Movement Archives (includes information about the event surrounding the speech; the Mario Savio Memorial Lecture; and Mario Savio's 1996 Memorial)
- The UC Berkeley Bancroft Library Free Speech Movement Digital Archives (includes a RealAudio videoclip of the Savio 1964 Dec. 2 speech, available at a sub-page)
- Arthur Gatti Collection (finding aid for collection that contains archival materials about the political and personal life of Mario Savio)
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Savio, Mario |
| Alternative names | Savio, Bob |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | December 8, 1942 |
| Place of birth | New York, NY |
| Date of death | November 6, 1996 |
| Place of death | Sebastopol, CA |
http://wn.com/Mario_Savio
Related pages:
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http://it.wn.com/Mario Savio
http://es.wn.com/Mario Savio
http://pt.wn.com/Mario Savio
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Savio
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
Gary Taubes (born April 30, 1956) is an American science writer.
He is the author of Nobel Dreams (1987), Bad Science: The Short Life and Weird Times of Cold Fusion (1993), and Good Calories, Bad Calories (2007), titled The Diet Delusion (2008) in the UK and Australia.[1] His book Why We Get Fat: And What to Do About It was released in December 2010. In December 2010 Taubes launched his own blog at GaryTaubes.com to promote the book's release and to respond to critics.
Contents |
Biography[link]
Born in Rochester, New York, Taubes studied applied physics at Harvard University and aerospace engineering at Stanford University (MS, 1978). After receiving a master's degree in journalism at Columbia University in 1981, Taubes joined Discover magazine as a staff reporter in 1982.[2] Since then he has written numerous articles for Discover, Science and other magazines. Originally focusing on physics issues, his interests have more recently turned to medicine and nutrition.
Taubes's books have all dealt with scientific controversies. Nobel Dreams takes a critical look at the politics and experimental techniques behind the Nobel Prize-winning work of physicist Carlo Rubbia. Bad Science is a chronicle of the short-lived media frenzy surrounding the Pons-Fleischmann cold fusion experiments of 1989.
His brother, Clifford Henry Taubes, is the William Petschek Professor of Mathematics at Harvard University.[3]
Dietary science[link]
Taubes gained prominence in the low-carb diet debate following the publication of his 2002 New York Times Magazine piece "What if It's All Been a Big Fat Lie?". The article, which questioned the efficacy and health benefits of low-fat diets, was seen as defending the Atkins diet against the medical establishment, and it became extremely controversial. Taubes himself stated: "[E]ven though I knew the article would be the most controversial article the Times Magazine ran all year, [the reaction] still shocked me."[4] The Center for Science in the Public Interest published a rebuttal to the Times article in its November 2002 newsletter.[5] According to Taubes: "[T]he CSPI is an advocacy group that has been pushing low-fat diets since the 1970s."[6]
In 2007, Taubes published his book Good Calories, Bad Calories: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom on Diet, Weight Control, and Disease (published as The Diet Delusion in the UK). This book examined how a hypothesis became dogma and claimed to show how the scientific method was circumvented so a contestable hypothesis could remain unchallenged. The book uses data and studies compiled from dietary research from as early as the 19th century.[7][8]
Taubes's hypothesis is that the medical community and the federal government of the United States of America have relied upon misinterpreted scientific data on nutrition to build the prevailing paradigm about what constitutes healthful eating. Taubes makes the case that — contrary to the conventional wisdom — it is refined carbohydrates that are responsible for heart disease, diabetes, obesity, cancer, and many other maladies of civilization. In the Epilogue to Good Calories, Bad Calories on page 454, Taubes notes ten "inescapable" conclusions, the first of which is:[9]
| “ | Dietary fat, whether saturated or not, is not a cause of obesity, heart disease, or any other chronic disease of civilization. | ” |
Taubes includes information and studies which indicate that physical exercise increases appetite to a degree that makes it an inefficient tool in weight loss. He tracks the origins of commonly accepted dietary advice and aims to show that information that is filtered to the public often contradicts scientific evidence. On October 19, 2007 Taubes appeared on Larry King Live to discuss his book. Although Taubes has no formal training in nutrition or medicine, his book was praised as "raising interesting and valuable points" by Andrew Weil, a proponent of alternative medicine, while Mehmet Oz and trainer Jillian Michaels who appeared on the same program disagreed with Taubes on many questions.[10]
The reviews for Good Calories, Bad Calories have varied. George Bray of the Pennington Biomedical Research Center in Louisiana notes in his review that the book "...has much useful information and is well worth reading." but "Obese people clearly eat more than do lean ones."[11] Taubes, in a letter to the editor in the same journal, clarifies some of the comments made by Bray. Taubes notes, "The hypothesis favored by Bray and a half century of authorities on human obesity is that fat accumulation is fundamentally caused by positive energy balance." Taubes responds, "The alternative hypothesis begins with the fundamental observation that obesity is a disorder of excess fat accumulation and then asks the obvious question, what regulates fat accumulation. This was elucidated by 1965 and has never been controversial. 'Insulin is the principle regulator of fat metabolism'..."[12]
John Tierney in his New York Times review entitled "Diet and Fat: A Severe Case of Mistaken Consensus", discusses information cascades and the role of Ancel Keys in widely held beliefs related to diet and fat. Tierney quotes Taubes in noting that "the most rigorous meta-analysis of the clinical trials of low-fat diets, published in 2001 by the Cochrane Collaboration, concluded that they had no significant effect on mortality."[13]
Awards[link]
Taubes has won the Science in Society Journalism Award of the National Association of Science Writers three times and was awarded an MIT Knight Science Journalism Fellowship for 1996-97.[4] He is a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation independent investigator in health policy.[14]
See also[link]
References[link]
- ^ "Jimmy Moore: Interview with Gary Taubes". http://livinlavidalocarb.blogspot.com/2007/08/taubes-doctors-nutritionists-havent-got.html. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
- ^ Squires, Sally. (August 27, 2002). "The Skinny on Author Gary Taubes". Washington Post.
- ^ "Taubes Receives NAS Award in Mathematics". American Mathematical Society. http://www.ams.org/notices/200805/tx080500596p.pdf. Retrieved 2011-05-19.
- ^ a b Inside the Story - Gary Taubes: What if It's All Been a Big Fat Lie? (Interview with Martha Henry from the MIT Knight Fellowships program). (July 2003).
- ^ Liebman, Bonnie. (November 2002). "The Truth About the Atkins Diet". CSPI Nutrition Action Health Letter.
- ^ Taubes, Gary. (March 2003). An exercise in vitriol rather than sound journalism. Reason Online.
- ^ Taubes, Gary (2007). Good Calories, Bad Calorie: Google Book Preview, Notes; pages 469 ff. Knopf. pp. 609. ISBN 978-1-4000-3346-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=olfyVJLaa_YC&lpg=PA469&dq=%22%22&pg=PA469#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Tierney, John. (July 21, 2008). "Good News on Saturated Fat". New York Times. http://tierneylab.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/07/21/good-news-on-saturated-fat/#more-344.
- ^ Taubes, Gary (2007). Good Calories, Bad Calories: Google Book Preview, Page 454. Knopf. pp. 609. ISBN 978-1-4000-3346-1. http://books.google.com/books?id=olfyVJLaa_YC&lpg=PA454&dq=%22%22&pg=PA454#v=onepage&q=%22%22&f=true.
- ^ Are Fatty Foods Good For You?. (October 19, 2007). Larry King Live. CNN.
- ^ Bray, G.A. (February 2008). "Viewpoint – Good Calories, Bad Calories by Gary Taubes; New York: AA Knopf". Obesity Reviews. The International Association for the Study of Obesity. http://www.proteinpower.com/drmike/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/bray-review-of-gcbc.pdf. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
- ^ Taubes, Gary. "Letter to Editor – Response to Dr George Bray's Review of Good Calories, Bad Calories". Obesity Reviews. The International Association for the Study of Obesity. http://www.proteinpower.com/drmike/wp-content/uploads/2008/07/taubes-response-to-bray-ob-reviews.pdf. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
- ^ Tierney, John. (October 9, 2007). "Diet and Fat: A Severe Case of Mistaken Consensus". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/09/science/09tier.html?_r=3&ref=science&pagewanted=print.
- ^ Taubes, Gary. (April 13, 2011). Is Sugar Toxic?. The New York Times.
Publications[link]
- Nobel Dreams: Power, Deceit and the Ultimate Experiment. Random House. 1986. ISBN 978-0-394-54503-5.
- Bad Science: The Short Life and Weird Times of Cold Fusion. Random House. 1993. ISBN 978-0-394-58456-0.
- Epidemiology Faces Its Limits, Science, July 1995.
- Nobel Gas, Slate, October 11, 1997.
- The Soft Science of Dietary Fat, Science, March 2001.
- What if It's All Been a Big Fat Lie?, New York Times Magazine, July 7, 2002.
- Do We Really Know What Makes Us Healthy?, New York Times, September 17, 2007.
- Good Calories, Bad Calories: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom on Diet, Weight Control, and Disease. Knopf. 2007. ISBN 978-1-4000-4078-0. (Also published as The Diet Delusion ISBN 978-0-09-189141-1)
- Why We Get Fat: And What to Do About It. 2010.
- Is Sugar Toxic?. The New York Times, April 13, 2011.
External links[link]
- (Link is dead) Webcast of Lecture by Gary Taubes at University of California, Berkeley -- "The Quality of Calories: What Makes Us Fat and Why Nobody Seems to Care"
- Webcast of Lecture by Gary Taubes at Stevens Institute of Technology, Center for Science Writings, Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2/6/2008 -- "Big Fat Lies"
- Article by Gary Taubes questioning the efficacy of exercise in weight loss -- "We Can't Work It Out"
- Excerpt from Good Calories, Bad Calories and NPR interview -- "Not All Calories Are Created Equal, Author Says".
- Interview with Gary Taubes by Knight Fellowships at MIT
- Interview with Gary Taubes by John Horgan (Stevens Center for Science Writing, Cross-check): "Science Saturday: Why We Get Fat"
- Interview with Gary Taubes by Aaron McCloud, Seattle, 2012, and the Interview Transcript
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Taubes, Gary |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | Science writer |
| Date of birth | April 30, 1956 |
| Place of birth | Rochester, New York, USA |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Gary_Taubes
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Taubes
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
