- published: 16 Nov 2012
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- author: thnkrtv
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Hectare
The hectare (
/ˈhɛktɛər/ or /ˈhɛktɑr/; symbol ha) is a metric unit of area defined as 10,000 square metres (100 m by 100 m), and primarily used in the measurement of land. In 1795, when the metric system was introduced, the 'are' was defined as being 100 square metres and the hectare ('hecto-' + 'are') was thus 100 'ares' or 1/100 km2. A hectare of land is about 2.47 acres.
When the metric system was further rationalised in 1960, resulting in the International System of Units (SI), the are was not included as a recognised unit. The hectare is one of the non-SI units accepted for use with the SI units.
The metric system of measure was first given a legal basis in 1795 by the French Revolutionary government. The law of 18 Germinal, Year III (7 April 1795) defined five units of measure:
Although the law defined the length of the metre, there was no practical way of accurately measuring the metre (and hence the are) until 1799 when the first standard metre was manufactured and adopted.
The standard metre remained in the custody of successive French governments until 1875 when, under the Convention of the Metre, its supervision passed into international control under the auspices of the General Conference on Weights and Measures (GCPM). At the first meeting of the GCPM in 1889 when a new standard metre, manufactured by Johnson Matthey & Co of London was adopted, the are and hectare were automatically redefined.
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Watt
The watt ( /ˈwɒt/ WOT; symbol: W) is a derived unit of power in the International System of Units (SI), named after the Scottish engineer James Watt (1736–1819). The unit, defined as one joule per second, measures the rate of energy conversion or transfer.
) is the SI derived unit of electrical resistance.
The watt is named after the Scottish scientist James Watt for his contributions to the development of the steam engine. The unit was recognized by the Second Congress of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1882. The 11th General Conference on Weights and Measures in 1960 adopted it for the measurement of power into the International System of Units (SI).
The femtowatt is equal to one quadrillionth (10−15) of a watt. Technologically important powers that are measured in femtowatts are typically found in reference(s) to radio and radar receivers. For example, meaningful FM tuner performance figures for sensitivity, quieting and signal-to-noise require that the RF energy applied to the antenna input be specified. These input levels are often stated in dBf (decibels referenced to 1 femtowatt). This is 0.2739 microvolt across a 75 ohm load or 0.5477 microvolt across a 300 ohm load; the specification takes into account the RF input impedance of the tuner.
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Adriano Correia
Adriano Correia Claro (born 26 October 1984), simply Adriano, is a Brazilian footballer who plays for FC Barcelona in La Liga.
One of few players in professional football who is genuinely ambidextrous, he is capable of playing as a defender or midfielder, on both sides of the pitch.
Born in Curitiba, Paraná, Adriano started professionally for his hometown club, Coritiba Foot Ball Club, making his first team debuts at not yet 18. In January 2005, he joined Sevilla FC in a four 1/2-year deal, his La Liga debut arriving on the 29th, a 0–4 home loss against eventual champions FC Barcelona. The Andalusians, however, did finish sixth and qualified for the UEFA Cup. In the following seasons, Adriano continued to feature in several positions for Sevilla with equal success, as it won back-to-back UEFA Cups, with the player contributing with 25 matches and four goals in both editions combined. In the final of the latter edition, he opened the score against RCD Espanyol, in an eventual penalty shootout win; previously, in late September 2006, he had added a further five years to his link. After three years residing in the country, he was granted Spanish citizenship.
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Agustín Elduayen
Agustín de Carlos Elduayen (born 8 April 1964 in San Sebastián, Basque Country) is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
Elduayen made his professional debuts with local powerhouse Real Sociedad, being barred by legendary Luis Arconada. In the 1985–86 season, however, as Arconada suffered a severe injury in the first La Liga game, he was chosen by manager John Toshack as first-choice, and the Basque eventually finished in 7th position, but with one of the worst defensive records in the competition (34 matches, 51 goals against).
In the 1986 summer, Elduayen signed with fellow top flight side Atlético Madrid, starting in his first year, but being relegated to the substitutes bench after the emergence of Abel Resino, who had been playing with the reserves.
He experienced his best years with Real Burgos CF, helping the lowly Castile and León outfit to three consecutive seasons in the first division. In 1991–92, as the club finished in a best-ever 9th position, he played in all 38 games (3,338 minutes) and only conceded 43 goals, winning the Don Balón Award for Best Spanish Player in the process.
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Alan Shearer
Alan Shearer OBE, DL (born 13 August 1970) is a retired English footballer. He played as a striker in the top level of English league football for Southampton, Blackburn Rovers, Newcastle United and for the England national team. He is considered by some as one of England's best strikers, being both Newcastle's and the Premier League's record goalscorer. After retiring as a player in 2006, Shearer worked as a television pundit for the BBC. In 2009 he briefly left his BBC role to become Newcastle United's manager in the last eight games of their 2008–09 season, in an unsuccessful attempt to save them from relegation.
A native of Newcastle upon Tyne, Shearer made his professional debut with English top-flight club Southampton in 1988, scoring a hat-trick in the process. During several years on the south coast, he became known for his classic style of play, strength and goalscoring ability; he soon received an international call-up along with a transfer to Blackburn Rovers in 1992. Shearer established himself as a player in northern England; he became a regular in the England squad, and his 34-goal tally helped Blackburn secure the Premier League title in 1994–95. He was named Football Writers' Association Player of the Year in 1994 and won the PFA Player of the Year award in 1995. The 1995–96 season saw Shearer make his first Champions League appearances and finish as the top scorer in the Premier League with 31 goals. He was also top scorer at Euro 1996 with England, scoring five goals, and in the 1996–97 Premier League, with 25 goals. He scored 283 league goals in his career, including a record 260 in the Premier League, and a total of 422 in all competitions including international at all levels. Shearer has amassed a goals to game ratio of 0.667 throughout his career at every level.
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Albert Riera
Albert Riera Ortega (born 15 April 1982) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Galatasaray SK in Turkey, as a left winger.
He made a name for himself at Espanyol (where he won one Copa del Rey and reached one UEFA Cup final, also making his debuts for the Spanish national team), and also played professionally in France, England and Greece.
Riera gained 16 caps for Spain, representing the nation at the 2009 Confederations Cup.
Born in Manacor, Balearic Islands, Riera started his professional career with hometown RCD Mallorca, but could only amass 10 La Liga appearances in his first two seasons combined.
In 2002–03, already an undisputed starter, he helped the Balearic Islands outfit to the Copa del Rey conquest, and scored four goals in the league, from 35 contests.
In the summer of 2003, Riera moved to FC Girondins de Bordeaux, where he was a first team regular for two seasons. He made more than fifty Ligue 1 appearances for the French club, and scored four goals.
Riera returned to Spain in 2005, when he signed for RCD Espanyol. In his first season, he played only eight league matches, prompting a January 2006 loan move to Manchester City, where he was also unable to establish himself in the first team, scoring against Newcastle United in a 3–0 home win, on February 1. He returned to Catalonia prior to 2006–07.
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Alexis Sánchez
Alexis Alejandro Sánchez Sánchez (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈleksis ˈsantʃes]; born 19 December 1988), is a Chilean footballer who plays as a forward for FC Barcelona and for the Chilean national team. He is well known for his excellent dribbling ability, great speed, and his unusual strength for a fast winger.
Sánchez began his career as a youth player for Cobreloa in 2003, aged 15, for then be promoted to the first adult team, two years later. His precocious talent caught the attention of Udinese, team of the Italian Serie A, and signed the 17-year-old for US$3million in May 2006, but was immediately loaned out to Colo-Colo, and then River Plate where he was able to mature in less physically demanding confines than the Italian first division.
He joined Udinese after becoming champion of the Argentine and Chilean leagues in June 2008. Sánchez made a steady progress in his first two seasons at Udinese, and in the 2010–11 season he established himself as one of the key player's that allowed Udinese to finish fourth in Serie A. On 27 February 2011, Sánchez scored four of seven goals as his team defeated Palermo 7-0, playing only the first 52 minutes of the game. This event meant he broke the record of goals scored by a Chilean player (in a single match) in the Italian Serie A, thus beating the records set by his historic countrymen Marcelo Salas and Iván Zamorano.
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Alfonso Pérez
Alfonso Pérez Muñoz (born 26 September 1972), simply Alfonso, is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a striker.
Having represented both Real Madrid and FC Barcelona during his career, Alfonso possessed above-average heading ability despite not reaching 180 cms; he appeared in 307 La Liga games for three teams (also represented Real Betis), scoring 84 goals.
The recipient of nearly 40 caps for Spain, Alfonso represented the nation in one World Cup and two European Championships.
Alfonso was born in Getafe, in the outskirts of Madrid. In 1990, aged just 18, he made his professional debuts with Real Madrid and, although he never carved a regular place in the starting XI (playing mostly as understudy to club great Emilio Butragueño and then Iván Zamorano), helped the capital side to the 1994–95 national championship.
In that summer, Alfonso signed with Real Betis. In his second season at the Manuel Ruiz de Lopera, he converted 25 La Liga goals which was the most goals ever scored by a player in a season in the club's history. Teaming up with Pier, the pair combined for 60 first division goals from 1995–97, and helped the Andalusia outfit finish fourth in the latter.
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Alfredo Di Stéfano
Alfredo Stéfano Di Stéfano Laulhé(born 4 July 1926 in Barracas, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), born into a family of Italian immigrants from Capri, is a former Argentinian footballer and coach, widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time. He is most associated with Real Madrid and was instrumental in their domination of the European Champions' Cup during the 1950s, a period in which the club won the trophy in five consecutive seasons from 1956. Along with Francisco Gento, he was one of only two players to play a part in all five victories. Di Stéfano played international football mostly for Spain, but he also played for Argentina and Colombia.
Di Stéfano, nicknamed "Saeta rubia" ("blond arrow"), was a powerful forward with great stamina, tactical versatility, and vision, who could also play almost anywhere on the pitch. He is currently the 4th highest scorer in the history of Spain's top division, and Real Madrid's 2nd highest league goalscorer of all time, with 216 goals in 282 league matches between 1953 and 1964.
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Ana Torroja
Ana Torroja (born 28 December 1959 in Madrid) is a Grammy Award-nominated Spanish singer. She is the lead singer of the pop trio Mecano, considered one of the most popular pop bands from Spain during the 1980s and 1990s. Mecano split in 1998 and she embarked on a solo career.
Ana Torroja met José María Cano while studying economics at university. The two became good friends, and José María soon introduced her to his younger brother, Nacho. After hearing Ana sing José María's guitar compositions, Nacho suggested that the three form a band. In 1981, Mecano was formed.
After seven Mecano albums and huge success in Europe and Latin America, the continuous touring began taking its toll on the band. Ana was especially affected and started developing vocal problems. In 1993, the band announced a temporary split. While José and Nacho released solo albums, Ana chose to travel around the world and visited Hawaii, Bombay, and New York—places she had sung about while with Mecano. She eventually settled in New York and took dance classes.
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Andoni Zubizarreta
Andoni Zubizarreta Urreta (born 23 October 1961) is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
The all-time most capped player for the Spanish national team for several years, he played with individual and team success for Athletic Bilbao and FC Barcelona (eight years with the latter, he would later work with the club in directorial capacities), appearing in more than 950 official professional matches during his club career.
Zubizarreta represented Spain in seven major international tournaments, four World Cups and three European Championships, starting in six of those.
Born in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Álava, Zubizarreta spent his childhood in Aretxabaleta in Gipuzkoa, where he began his football trade. After a brief passage at another Basque side, Deportivo Alavés, he joined Athletic Bilbao, where he would spend the following six seasons.
Zubizarreta's debut in La Liga occurred on 19 September 1981, in a 0–2 away loss against Atlético Madrid, courtesy of manager Javier Clemente, one month shy of his 20th birthday; he would be an undisputed starter for the remainder of his tenure, being an instrumental element in the club's conquests, most notably the back-to-back leagues.
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Andrea Pirlo
Andrea Pirlo, Ufficiale OMRI (born 19 May 1979 in Flero, Lombardy), is an Italian World Cup-winning footballer who currently plays for Serie A club Juventus and for the Italian national team. He is usually deployed as a deep-lying playmaker for both Juventus and Italy and is regarded as one of the world's best player in this position. Praised for his inventive play and his long passing ability, he is also a set-piece specialist.
Pirlo has played for the Italian youth teams U-15, U-18 and U-21, captaining and leading the latter to victory in the 2000 as the Golden Player and Top Scorer of the tournament. He joined the Italian senior side during the qualification round for World Cup 2002 and captained the national team to a bronze medal in the 2004 Olympics. Later, he was instrumental in their victory in the 2006 World Cup. He was named man of the match three times, including the final, more than any other player in the tournament, and ultimately won the Bronze Ball (third best player in tournament).
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Andrei Arshavin
Andrey Sergeyevich Arshavin (Russian: Андре́й Серге́евич Арша́вин; born 29 May 1981), also spelled as Andrei Arshavin, is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Arsenal and is captain of the Russian national team.
Arshavin began his career at Zenit in the year of 2000, where he won everything possible with the club until his departure in 2009 which included the: Russian Premier League, Russian Premier League Cup, Russian Super Cup, UEFA Cup and the UEFA Super Cup; and where he played 308 games, scored over 76 goals and made 107 assists; and won many awards and accolades including the prestigious Russian Footballer of the Year.
Arshavin in 2009 then signed for Arsenal, where he immediately became their most expensive player bought for a fee of £15 million, but later returned to Zenit on 24 February 2012, for a loan deal that will end in July 2012.
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Andreu Fontàs
Andreu Fontàs i Prat (Catalan pronunciation: [ənˈdɾew funˈtas]; born 14 November 1989) is a Spanish footballer who plays for FC Barcelona, mainly as a central defender.
Born in Banyoles, Girona, Catalonia, Fontàs was a product of FC Barcelona's youth system, having previously played for amateurs CD Banyoles for 11 years. Originally a defensive midfielder, he was reconverted into central defender by the B team's coach Luis Enrique, a former Barcelona player.
Fontàs made his first team debut on 31 August 2009, replacing another La Masia graduate, Gerard Piqué, in the final six minutes of a 3–0 La Liga home win against Sporting de Gijón. Earlier into the 2009–10 season, he was called by manager Josep Guardiola to the Spanish Supercup and UEFA Super Cup games, respectively against Athletic Bilbao and FC Shakhtar Donetsk, but finally did not make the bench on either occasion. Fontàs spent the vast majority of his first senior seasons registered with the reserve team.
On 20 November 2010, Fontàs started for the first time in the league with the first team, assisting Pedro Rodríguez with a 50-meter pass for the fourth goal, as Barcelona trounced UD Almería 8–0 away. On 7 December, he made his UEFA Champions League debut, against FC Rubin Kazan: as the Catalans had already progressed to the knock-out stages as group winners, he scored in the 2–0 home win, converting a pass from fellow youth graduate Thiago Alcântara.
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Andrés Iniesta
Andrés Iniesta Luján (Spanish pronunciation: [anˈdɾes iˈnjesta luˈxan]; born 11 May 1984) is a Spanish football player. He currently plays as a central midfielder for La Liga club FC Barcelona, and the Spanish national team.
Iniesta came through La Masia, the Barcelona youth academy, and impressed from an early age. He made his first-team debut in 2002, aged 18. He began playing regularly during the 2004–05 season, and has remained in the side ever since. He was an integral part of the sextuple-winning Barcelona side in 2009, the only time which a club has achieved six titles in a year.
Iniesta played for Spain at Under-16, Under-19 and Under-21 levels, before making his international debut in 2006. He was selected for the 2006 FIFA World Cup, playing one game, as Spain went out in the second round. He helped Spain qualify for Euro 2008, and played an important role in the side as they went on to win the competition, playing every game and being selected in the UEFA Team of the Tournament. Iniesta was selected for the 2010 FIFA World Cup and was a key member of the victorious Spanish side; he scored the winning goal in the final against the Netherlands, also being named Man of the Match, and was selected in the tournament's All-Star Team. He was also the Man of the Match for two other World Cup games.
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Andrés Palop
Andrés Palop Cervera (born 22 October 1973 in L'Alcúdia, Valencia) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Sevilla FC as a goalkeeper.
After having languished on the bench of hometown side Valencia for most of his stay, he became a premiere player with Sevilla well into his 30's, helping it consolidate in both the domestic and European fronts.
Palop appeared with Spain at Euro 2008, but never gained an international cap.
A youth product of local giants Valencia CF's youth ranks, Palop's first professional seasons were spent at neighbours Villarreal CF, in a two-year loan spell. He was the undisputed starter in the side's La Liga promotion – a first ever – and relegation, being subsequently recalled by the Che.
In his six-year stint with Valencia's main squad, however, Palop was mostly backup to veteran Santiago Cañizares, his most matches consisting of 15 in his first year; as the club were crowned league champions in 2002 and 2004, he could only appear seven times combined (all in the former), and eventually grew unsettled.
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Austria
Austria (
i/ˈɒstriə/ or /ˈɔːstriə/; German: Österreich [ˈøːstɐˌʁaɪç] (
listen)), officially the Republic of Austria (German: Republik Österreich (help·info)), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.47 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Hungary and Slovakia to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers 83,855 square kilometres (32,377 sq mi) and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below 500 metres (1,640 ft), and its highest point is 3,798 metres (12,461 ft). The majority of the population speak local Austro-Bavarian dialects of German as their native language, and German in its standard form is the country's official language. Other local official languages are Burgenland Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
The origins of modern-day Austria date back to the time of the Habsburg dynasty when the vast majority of the country was a part of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Austria became one of the great powers of Europe and, in response to the coronation of Napoleon I as the Emperor of the French, the Austrian Empire was officially proclaimed in 1804. In 1867, the Austrian Empire was reformed into Austria-Hungary.
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Bernd Schuster
Bernhard Schuster (born 22 December 1959 in Augsburg) is a German football manager and former player. His nickname is "der Blonde Engel" (the Blond Angel).
Schuster started his professional career with 1. FC Köln at age 18 in 1978 after a number of promising performances with the West German Under-18 National team. Schuster left Köln after the 1980 European campaign to sign with Spain's FC Barcelona, where he flourished. During his career, he played for clubs Real Madrid, Atlético Madrid and Bayer Leverkusen. At his final team, the Mexican side Pumas de la UNAüM he appeared in ten matches in spring 1997.
Schuster was an important part of the FC Barcelona team during the 1980s, leading the game from midfield and scoring many goals. His club president Josep Lluís Núñez and some trainers like Helenio Herrera, Udo Lattek, Terry Venables and Luis Aragonés had difficult relations with him. He won, however, the European Silver Ball in 1980 and Bronze Ball in 1981 and 1985. At age 21, in 1981, he received a bad injury on his right knee by Athletic Bilbao defender Andoni Goikoetxea.
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Borja Valero
Borja Valero Iglesias (born 12 January 1985) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Villarreal in La Liga as a central midfielder.
He began his career with Real Madrid, and played for Mallorca and in England for West Bromwich Albion, before joining Villarreal, initially on loan, in 2010.
Valero was born in Madrid, and began his football career as a youngster in the ranks of Real Madrid. He made his first appearance for Real Madrid B on 29 May 2005 in the Segunda División B (third tier) as a second-half substitute, took part in the playoffs to earn promotion, and played two full seasons in the Segunda División.
He played only twice for the first team: given his debut by Fabio Capello against Écija, substituting for Javi García after 60 minutes of a 2006–07 Copa del Rey match on 25 October 2006, he also played once in the UEFA Champions League, replacing Miguel Ángel Nieto in a 2–2 away draw with Dynamo Kyiv in the group stage.
In August 2007, Valero signed a five-year contract with Mallorca following his release from Real Madrid. He scored his first La Liga goals in a 7–1 home home win over Recreativo Huelva on 9 March 2008. He added another a month later, against his former team in a 1–1 home draw. On 11 May, Valero scored the first goal for Mallorca as they came back from 2–0 down to beat Barcelona in Frank Rijkaard's last home game as Barcelona manager. He made 17 starts and played a total of 1,892 minutes during the season to help the club finish in 7th position.[citation needed]
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Carles Puyol
Carles Puyol i Saforcada (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈkarɫəs puˈjɔɫ]; born 13 April 1978) is a Spanish footballer who plays for FC Barcelona and the Spanish national team. Mainly a central defender, he can also play on either flank, especially as a right back.
He served as a longtime team captain for his only club FC Barcelona after taking over from Luis Enrique in August 2004, going on to appear in more than 500 official games for the team and win 18 major titles, notably five La Liga and three UEFA Champions League championships.
A Spanish international on more than 100 occasions, Puyol was part of the squads that won the Euro 2008 and the 2010 World Cup tournaments.
Born in La Pobla de Segur, Lleida, Catalonia, Puyol started playing football for his hometown club, as a goalkeeper. However, after injury problems with his shoulder, he switched to striker. He said that in his youth, "My parents were skeptical about me becoming a footballer and encouraged me to study." In 1995, he joined FC Barcelona's youth system at La Masia, switching positions again, to play as a defensive midfielder; two years later, he started playing for the club's B-team, occupying the position of right back.
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Carlos Marchena
Carlos Marchena López (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkaɾlos maɾˈtʃena ˈlopeθ]; born 31 July 1979) is a Spanish footballer.
Mainly a central defender with an aggressive approach, he can also pitch in as a defensive midfielder. Most of his professional career was spent at Valencia CF (nine years), which he helped to five major titles, namely two La Liga championships.
A Spanish international for the better part of the 2000s, Marchena represented the nation in two World Cups and as many European Championships.
Born in Las Cabezas de San Juan, Province of Seville, Andalusia, Marchena started his professional career in hometown club Sevilla FC at the age of 18, when the club was playing in the Spanish second division. In 1999–2000, he made his top flight debut, playing the entire match in a 2–2 home draw with Real Sociedad on 22 August 1999.
When Sevilla was relegated again at the end of the season, Marchena earned a transfer to Portugal's S.L. Benfica, where he did sufficiently well to catch the eye of top club Valencia CF, who were in need to provide cover for aging centre-back Miroslav Đukić.
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Cesc Fàbregas
Francesc "Cesc" Fàbregas Soler (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsɛsk ˈfaβɾəɣəs]; born 4 May 1987) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a central midfielder for La Liga club FC Barcelona.
Fàbregas started his career as a trainee with Barcelona but was signed by Premier League side Arsenal in September 2003 at the age of 16. Following injuries to key midfielders in the 2004–05 season, he went on to establish himself as Arsenal's starting central midfielder, playmaker, and captain. He broke several of the club's records in the process, earning a reputation as one of the best young players for his position. In 2011, he returned to Barcelona for an initial fee of £29m (€34m) with a further £4m (€5m) in variables.
In international football, the Spaniard's national career began when he represented the Under-17 side at the 2003 FIFA U-17 World Championship in Finland. As a result of his club performances, he was called up to the senior squad in 2006. He has played in the 2006 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2008 and 2010 FIFA World Cup, helping Spain to become eventual winners in the two most recent tournaments.
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Cristiano Ronaldo
Cristiano Ronaldo dos Santos Aveiro,OIH, (born 5 February 1985), commonly known as Cristiano Ronaldo, is a Portuguese footballer who plays as a winger or striker for Spanish La Liga club Real Madrid and is the captain of the Portuguese national team. Ronaldo became the most expensive footballer in history after moving from Manchester United to Real Madrid in a transfer worth £80 million (€93.9 million/$131.6 million). In addition, his contract with Real Madrid, in which he is paid €12 million per year, makes him one of the highest-paid footballers in the world, and his buyout clause is valued at €1 billion as per his contract.
Ronaldo began his career as a youth player for Andorinha, where he played for two years, before moving to C.D. Nacional. In 1997, he made a move to Portuguese giants Sporting Clube de Portugal. Ronaldo's precocious talent caught the attention of Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson, who signed him for £12.24 million (€15 million) in 2003. The following season, Ronaldo won his first club honour, the FA Cup. He also played at Euro 2004 with Portugal and scored his first international goal in the opening game of the tournament against Greece, in addition to helping Portugal reach the final. He was featured in the UEFA Euro All-Star Team of this competition.
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Daniel Alves
Daniel Alves da Silva (born 6 May 1983), commonly known as Dani Alves, is a Brazilian footballer. He plays as an attacking right defender for FC Barcelona and the Brazilian national team.
Before joining Barcelona, Alves spent a successful six year spell with Sevilla FC, winning two UEFA Cups and the Copa del Rey with the Andalusian side. He joined Barcelona for €32.5m, becoming the most expensive defender to date. Alves won the Treble in his first season with the club and a further Spanish super cup, European super cup, and FIFA Club World Cup, thus achieving the Sextuple. Also, he helped the club to clinch another Spanish super cup, two league titles, and a UEFA Champions League in the years that followed. Alves has held a Spanish passport since 2005. On Thursday, September 29, 2011, Alves was appointed as a Special Olympics Ambassador for its Global Football program, charged with promoting respect and inclusion in football for people with intellectual disabilities, particularly in the run up to the 2014 FIFA World Cup.
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Daniel Aranzubia
Daniel Aranzubia Aguado (born 18 September 1979) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Deportivo de La Coruña in Segunda División, as a goalkeeper.
Born in Logroño, La Rioja, but nonetheless a product of Athletic de Bilbao's famed youth academy, Lezama, Aranzubia made his first team debut on 10 April 2001, in a 1–3 home derby loss against Real Sociedad. After two seasons as backup to Iñaki Lafuente, he emerged as the side's undisputed starter, helping the Basque to a UEFA Cup spot in 2003–04, while extending his link a further four years.
After additional struggles for first-choice duties with Lafuente in 2005–06 (Aranzubia played in two matches less), Aranzubia was definitely deemed surplus to requirements after the emergence of Gorka Iraizoz, not appearing even when the first-choice was severely injured during the 2007–08 season (Athletic received veteran Armando on loan from Cádiz CF, and he became the starter).
In June 2008, Aranzubia joined Deportivo de La Coruña, helping the Galicians to the UEFA Intertoto Cup, and starting throughout the entire season, save one match due to suspension. On 2 October 2008, he saved three penalties in a shootout against SK Brann in a UEFA Cup first round 2–0 home win, with Depor thus reaching the group stage.
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Daniel Güiza
Daniel González Güiza (Spanish pronunciation: [daˈnjel ˈɣwiθa]; born 17 August 1980) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Getafe CF in La Liga, as a striker.
A late bloomer, he made a name for himself at the age of 27, being crowned La Liga topscorer with Mallorca. Subsequently, he helped the Spanish national team win the Euro 2008, and signed with Fenerbahçe in Turkey shortly afterwards.
Having started playing on the streets of his hometown of Jerez de la Frontera in Cádiz, Güiza used to hide behind trees in an attempt to avoid the running, despite being then coached by boyhood idol Kiko, who begun his professional career with local Cádiz CF. He eventually made it into his local team, Xerez CD and, after one season there, first showed his eye for goal at third-tier side Dos Hermanas CF, loaned immediately after RCD Mallorca bought him. Such performances saw him make his debut in La Liga at the age of 19, but he would fail to perform, being demoted to the B team where he scored 28 goals in 70 games.
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Dariusz Dudka
Dariusz Dudka (Polish pronunciation: [ˈdarjuʐ ˈdutka]; born December 9, 1983 in Kostrzyn nad Odrą) is a Polish footballer who currently plays for AJ Auxerre and the Polish national football team as a defensive midfielder or full back. He can also play as a centre back.
He began his career in 1999/2000 for his home team, before moving in 2000/01 to Amica Wronki. He made his debut in April 2000 for Amica Wronki. He appeared over 70 times for Wisla Kraków. In June 2008 he joined AJ Auxerre.
He has 61 caps to his name for the Polish national team, and played in both the 2006 FIFA World Cup and Euro 2008.
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David Albelda
David Albelda Aliqués (born 1 September 1977) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Valencia CF as a defensive midfielder.
He played mainly for local Valencia during his extensive professional career, being team captain for over a decade.
A Spanish international in the 2000's, Albelda gained 51 caps for the country, representing it in two World Cups and at Euro 2004.
Born in La Pobla Llarga, Ribera Alta, Valencian Community, Albelda started his career as a central defender with local UD Alzira and, after having served two separate loans with Villarreal CF, also in the region, returned for good to first professional club Valencia CF in the 1999–2000 season, playing a major role in a squad that was crowned La Liga champions in 2002 and 2004, adding to that the 2004 UEFA Cup. Since the 2001 summer, with Gaizka Mendieta's departure, he was also awarded team captaincy.
On 20 December 2007, Albelda, along with fellow teammates Santiago Cañizares and Miguel Ángel Angulo was axed from the Valencia squad by recently arrived coach Ronald Koeman. In the captain's case, he had ironically just renewed his Valencia link until 2011.
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David Silva
David Josué Jiménez Silva (Spanish pronunciation: [daˈβið xoˈswe xiˈmeneθ ˈsilβa]) (born 8 January 1986) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Manchester City and the Spanish national team. Silva is capable of playing on the wing, as a traditional number 10, and sometimes as a supporting striker. A Spanish international since the age of 20 with over 50 caps, he was a member of the squads that won both the Euro 2008 and 2010 World Cup. He spent six years of his professional career with Valencia CF, appearing in more than 150 games and winning one Copa del Rey, before moving in 2010 to Manchester City. Since joining City, his consistently excellent performances have earned the nickname "Merlin".[citation needed]
Silva was born in Arguineguín, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, to Fernando Jiménez, a former municipal police officer who eventually was responsible for the safety of the Valencia CF stadium, and Eva Silva. His father, Fernando, is Canarian while his mother, Eva, is of South Korean descent, where David's grandfather was part of the Korean diaspora to the Spanish island in the 60's. . Silva has two younger siblings, sister Natalia and brother Nando[citation needed]. He is commonly called by the nickname Chino (Spanish for "Chinese") due to his physical appearance.[citation needed]
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David Villa
David Villa Sánchez (Spanish pronunciation: [daˈβið ˈβiʎa]; born 3 December 1981), nicknamed El Guaje (Asturian: The Kid), is a Spanish footballer who currently plays as a striker for FC Barcelona and the Spanish national football team. He can also operate as a winger.
Despite sustaining a serious injury as a child, he started his professional career with Sporting de Gijón. He moved to Real Zaragoza after two seasons, where he made his La Liga début, winning his first senior honours—the Copa del Rey and Supercopa de España. He joined Valencia CF in 2005 for a transfer fee of €12 million and was part of the Valencia team that won the Copa del Rey in the 2007–08 season. In 2010 he moved to FC Barcelona for €40 million where he won his first La Liga and UEFA Champions League titles.
Villa made his international début in 2005. He has since participated in three major tournaments, becoming an integral member of the Spain teams that won Euro 2008 and the 2010 World Cup. He scored three goals at the 2006 World Cup, was the top scorer at Euro 2008 and earned the Silver Boot at the 2010 World Cup. He is the first Spanish player to ever reach 50 international goals and is Spain's all-time top goalscorer, having has also scored more World Cup goals than any other player in Spain's history in the process. The goals-to-games ratio he has achieved for the national team has not been matched by any player since Alfredo Di Stéfano.
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Dennis Bergkamp
Dennis Nicolaas Bergkamp (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɛnɪs ˈbɛrχkɑmp] ( listen); born 10 May 1969) is a Dutch former professional footballer who is the assistant manager to Frank de Boer at Ajax. Originally a wide midfielder and subsequently a main striker, he was deployed as a second striker, where he remained throughout his playing career. Bergkamp has been described by Jan Mulder as having "the finest technique" of any Dutch international and a "dream for a striker" by teammate Thierry Henry.
The son of an electrician, Bergkamp was born in Amsterdam and played as an amateur in the lower leagues. He was spotted by Ajax at the age of 11 and made his professional debut in 1986. Good form led to an international call-up a year later, attracting the attention of several European clubs. Bergkamp signed for Italian club Internazionale in 1993 where he had two disappointing seasons, before joining Arsenal in 1995. It was at Arsenal where Bergkamp rejuvenated his career, helping the club to win three Premier League titles, four FA Cup trophies and reach the 2006 UEFA Champions League Final, which marked his last appearance as a player. With the Netherlands national team, Bergkamp surpassed Faas Wilkes's record to become the Netherlands' top goalscorer of all time in 1998, later surpassed by Patrick Kluivert.
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Dezső Novák
Dezső Novák (born 3 February 1939) is a former Hungarian footballer.
During his club career he played for Ferencvárosi TC. For the Hungary national football team, he participated in the 1964 European Nations' Cup. In three Olympic Games, he also won two gold medals in 1964 and 1968, and a bronze medal in 1960.
Later he served as the head coach of Ferencvaros in 1973.
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Didier Drogba
Didier Yves Drogba Tébily (French pronunciation: [didje dʁɔɡba]; born 11 March 1978) is an Ivorian footballer who plays as a centre forward for Chelsea. He is the captain and all-time top scorer of the Côte d'Ivoire national football team (Ivory Coast). He has scored more goals for Chelsea than any other foreign player and is currently Chelsea's fourth highest goal scorer of all time. His key attributes include his physical strength, ability in the air, and his ability to retain possession of the ball.
After playing in youth teams, Drogba made his professional debut aged 18 for Ligue 2 club Le Mans. A late bloomer, he signed his first professional contract aged 21; it was not until the 2002–03 season that he realized his potential, scoring 17 goals in 34 appearances in Ligue 1 for Guingamp. During the same season he made his first international appearance for Côte d'Ivoire, in September, and scored his first international goal the following February. He moved to Olympique de Marseille in 2003 for £3.3 million. His scoring success at Olympique de Marseille continued, finishing as the third highest scorer in Ligue 1 with 19 goals and helped the club to reach the 2004 UEFA Cup Final.
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Diego Forlán
Diego Forlán Corazo (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈdjeɣo foɾˈlan]; born 19 May 1979) is an Uruguayan footballer who plays as a striker for Internazionale and the Uruguayan national team. He is a two-time winner of both the Pichichi Trophy and the European Golden Shoe, and also received the Golden Ball as the best player at the 2010 World Cup.
Forlán was born into a family of footballers; his father Pablo having played for São Paulo (1970–1975) and Uruguay in the 1966 and 1974 World Cups and his maternal grandfather, Juan Carlos Corazo, for Independiente in Argentina.
Forlán joined Independiente himself after rising through their youth team, and after a successful four-year spell, he signed for Manchester United of England's Premier League. His form for United was not as successful as at Independiente, although he won the Premier League in 2003 and the FA Cup in 2004. In the Summer of 2004 he moved on to La Liga side Villarreal.
In his first season in Spanish football with Villarreal, Forlán scored 25 league goals and won the Pichichi Trophy. After two more successful seasons with Villarreal, Forlán joined Atlético Madrid, where he once again became the league's top scorer, and became the first player to win the Pichichi Trophy twice since Ronaldo achieved this feat in 2003–04. Forlán scored in Atlético's 2010 Europa League final victory against Fulham. In 2011 he joined Internazionale of Italy's Serie A.
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Dieter Müller
Dieter Müller (born Dieter Kaster on 1 April 1954) is a former German footballer, who is currently the chairman of Kickers Offenbach.
He appeared in twelve senior matches, scoring nine goals for Germany. He played in the 1976 European Football Championship (in the final of which he scored) and the 1978 FIFA World Cup. In his spell with 1. FC Köln he set a record for the most goals scored by a player in a single Bundesliga match. On 17 August 1977, he contributed six goals (scoring in the 12th, 23rd, 32nd, 52nd, 73rd and in the 85th minute) to Köln's 7–2 victory over Werder Bremen in front of a crowd of 19,000 at Köln's Müngersdorfer Stadion. But since the cameramen were on strike on this day, there are no TV-recordings of Müller's goals. He was crowned Bundesliga topscorer that season (24 goals in 33 games), just like the season before (34 goals in 34 appearances).
He is the son of Heinz Kaster, who played as a defender for FC St.Pauli Hamburg and Kickers Offenbach in the early 1950s. The striker had already been a schoolboy international, when his stepfather's adoption turned his surname into Müller.
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Dragan Džajić
Dragan Džajić (Serbian Cyrillic: Драган Џајић) (born 30 May 1946 in Ub, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia) is widely considered to have been one of the best Serbian football players to emerge from former Yugoslavia. Regarded as a preeminent and very proficient left winger, he is strongly reputed to have been one of the finest European players of his generation. Džajić has been known for his "great crosses and passes, unstoppable dribbling with great pace, natural technique and some of the best left footed free kicks ever seen". Through soccer fanatics, Džajić is viewed as perhaps one of the most underrated players in European football, partly because he played in Yugoslavia. In December 2011 Džajić was named in being part of "the greatest European Championship XI of all time" by Goal.com!
Džajić's professional career (1961–1978) was spent primarily with Red Star Belgrade. Džajić was a brilliant left winger who guided a Red Star Belgrade career spanning 590 games and 287 goals by winning five league titles and four Yugoslavian Cups. In 1969 Džajić received the Sport newspaper's Golden Badge, award for Yugoslavia's best athlete. He is considered one of the most important players in the history of the club and is one of only five players to have been awarded the Zvezdine zvezde status.
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Dražan Jerković
Dražan Jerković (6 August 1936 – 9 December 2008) was a Croatian and Yugoslav football forward, and manager. His first name is sometimes (incorrectly) spelled "Dražen". He was born in Šibenik, Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
He played for Dinamo Zagreb (1954–65). Severe injuries forced him to retire early, at the height of his career. With Dinamo he won the league title in 1958, and league cup in 1960 and 1965. In 315 games for Dinamo, he scored 322 goals.
He played internationally for Yugoslavia between 1960 and 1964, scoring 11 goals in 21 games. He participated in Euro 1960 and World Cup 1962. He was also part of the Yugoslav squad for the 1958 FIFA World Cup, but did not play.
In Euro 1960 he scored two goals against France in the semifinal, which Yugoslavia won (5-4). In the final, Yugoslavia lost against USSR (1-2; AET), finishing second.
In World Cup 1962 Jerković scored four goals and was, with five other players, the top goalscorer, winning the World Cup Golden Boot. Yugoslavia finished in fourth place. In the quarter-final, Yugoslavia beat Germany (1-0). In the semifinal Yugoslavia lost to Czechoslovakia (1-3), and lost to Chile for third place (0-1).
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Edmundo Suárez
Edmundo Suárez Trabanco (January 22, 1916 - December 14, 1978) was a Spanish footballer and coach. He was born in Baracaldo. He played center-forward for Valencia CF for most of his career except for his last season where he played with CD Alcoyano.
Mundo is a legend for Valencia CF since he scored the highest number of league goals for team in its history twice winning the trophy for the top goal scorer. He is the fifth highest scoring player in the history of the Spanish league, only surpassed by men of the calibre of Zarra, Alfredo di Stéfano, Isidro Vagrant and Ferenc Puskás
His great physical strength and strong will allowed him to dominate Spanish football during the 1940s. Along with Epi, Amadeo, Asensi and Gorostiza, he formed an electric front line that transformed Valencia CF into a winning team.
He played with various amateur teams in his native Basque Country, but the civil war changed his career completely. He was on contract with the Athletic Club but as this acquisition was made in republican territory it was not considered valid by the pro-Franco state which remained in power after the Spanish Civil war. In the year 1939, the pro-Franco army created a team, the Recovery to Raise, taken from the one which formed from diverse players who had fought in military region to Raise. Said team was chosen by Valencia CF to debut after the civil war. The Valencia CF after seeing it in action did not waste the opportunity and acquired it.
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Edwin van der Sar
Edwin van der Sar OON (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɛtʋɪn vɑn dɛr ˈsɑr]) (born 29 October 1970) is a Dutch former footballer who played as a goalkeeper for Ajax, Juventus, Fulham and Manchester United. He is the most capped player in the Netherlands national team's history. He currently works as an analyst and has stated an interest in coaching in the near future.
He started his senior career at Ajax and is considered to be a member of a golden generation of players at the club. He remained there for nine years before moving to Italian club Juventus and then to England, first to Fulham and then to Manchester United. He is one of the few footballers to have won the UEFA Champions League with two different teams – with Ajax in 1995 and Manchester United in 2008; in the latter, he was also named UEFA Man of the Match. Van der Sar also won the UEFA Cup with Ajax in 1992.
Throughout a long and successful career, Van der Sar achieved and set numerous records. In the 2008–09 season he set the world league clean sheet record by not conceding a single goal for 1,311 minutes. Along with being the most capped player for the Netherlands national team, with 130 caps, he is also the oldest player to win the Premier League, at 40 years and 205 days old. Individually Van der Sar has won several honours, including Best European Goalkeeper in 1995 and 2009, and UEFA Club Goalkeeper of the Year in 2009. He is considered, by critics and fellow players, as one of the greatest goalkeepers of all time.
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Eiður Guðjohnsen
Eiður Smári Guðjohnsen (born 15 September 1978) is an Icelandic footballer who currently plays for AEK Athens F.C. in the Superleague Greece. He has previously played for Premier League club Chelsea and FC Barcelona of Spain, having made his name with Bolton Wanderers. He was the captain of the Iceland national team until manager Ólafur Jóhannesson took over the team. Throughout his professional career, Guðjohnsen has scored 160 goals in all competitions with his clubs and the national team. He is the son of Arnór Guðjohnsen, a former professional footballer. He is often considered to be one of the greatest Icelandic footballers, having won titles in the Netherlands, Spain, and England as well as the Champions League.
On 24 April 1996, Guðjohnsen and his father Arnór entered football history when playing in an international friendly for Iceland against Estonia in Tallinn. Arnór started the match, and Guðjohnsen came on in the second half as a substitute for his father.
Both father and son have later expressed bitterness at the fact that they were not allowed to play together in the match. The president of the Icelandic FA, Eggert Magnússon (later of West Ham United) gave the coach, Logi Ólafsson, an express order to not play them together because he wanted it to happen on home turf, when Iceland played Macedonia two months later in the first qualification round for the 1998 FIFA World Cup.
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Emilio Butragueño
Emilio Butragueño Santos (born 22 July 1963 in Madrid) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a striker.
He was best known for his spell with Real Madrid. Nicknamed El Buitre (The Vulture), he was a member of the legendary Quinta del Buitre, along with Manolo Sanchís, Rafael Martín Vázquez, Míchel and Miguel Pardeza.
Butragueño amassed La Liga totals of 341 games and 123 goals for his main club, in 12 seasons, and represented the Spanish national team in two World Cups (being the second top scorer in the 1986 edition) and as many European Championships, scoring 26 international goals for his country, a record that stood for several years.
In 1981, skilled Butragueño joined Real Madrid's youth system, and played first for its reserve side, before being given his senior debut by Alfredo Di Stéfano on 5 February 1984 against Cádiz CF. He made an instant impact, scoring twice and assisting for the third goal in a 3–2 away turnaround, after Real trailed by 0–2. On 12 December that year, he made his European competition debut, contributing to a 6–1 home triumph against R.S.C. Anderlecht for the UEFA Cup third round (after a 0–3 loss in Brussels), as the Merengues went on to win the competition.
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Emilio Izaguirre
Emilio Arturo Izaguirre Girón (born 10 May 1986) is a Honduran footballer who plays as a left back for Scottish Premier League side Celtic and the Honduras national team. He has represented his country at the 2010 World Cup and the 2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup.
Izaguirre started his career at Motagua, where he stayed for seven years. In 2010, Celtic spent £600,000 to bring him to Parkhead. He picked up 4 major player awards in the 2010–11 season, which was his first season in Scotland.
Izaguirre began his career at Motagua in the Honduran League. He made his league debut on 20 March 2004 in the 3–0 victory over Universidad in Danlí.
On 22 July 2008, he had a 17-day trial with English Championship outfit Ipswich Town, but was unable to play in any matches, having not received international clearance from Motagua. He therefore failed to win a contract and the move fell through. In July 2010, it was reported that Toronto FC of Major League Soccer were interested in signing Izaguirre to a designated player contract, after two stand out performances in the CONCACAF Champions League against the Canadian side, but this move did not happen either.
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Ferenc Bene
Ferenc Bene (17 December 1944 – 27 February 2006) was a Hungarian football (soccer) player of Újpesti Dózsa, who was a member of the team that won the gold medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. He was the top scorer of the tournament (12 goals in 5 matches).
Bene was born in Balatonújlak. He played his first international match against Yugoslavia on 14 October 1962, and his last against Czechoslovakia on 12 September 1979. He obtained 76 caps and scored 36 goals. He was bronze medallist at the European Championship of 1964, and a quarter-finalist at the World Cup of 1966 (at the latter event he was the top scorer of the Hungarian national team). Bene was named Footballer of the Year in 1969. He died in Budapest, after a lengthy treatment following a fall at the end of 2005. His son Ferenc Bene jr. is also a former player, currently working as a coach
He played for the following teams:
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Fernando Gómez
Fernando Gómez Colomer (born 11 September 1965 in Valencia), simply Fernando, is a Spanish retired footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.
His professional career was closely connected to Valencia, with which he made his senior debuts at the age of 18, going on to score more than 100 official goals, and working with the team in directorial capacities following his retirement.
Fernando spent the vast majority of his career at hometown club Valencia CF, representing it from 1983 to 1998. He would garner a reputation as an outstanding playmaker who boasted an exceptional scoring record from midfield (two 14-goal seasons, three with 10), and would also captain the side. He played a club record 421 La Liga games for them, and also ranked as the club's fourth highest scorer, with 142 goals in all competitions.
Fernando made his first team debut on January 15, 1984 against Real Valladolid, after moving up from the club's B-team, CD Mestalla. He truly came to the forefront in the 1986–87 season, as the team won promotion back to the top level at the first attempt. Aside from this season, he spent all his time with Valencia in the top flight, where he twice finished runner-up in the championship, also settling for a runners-up spot in the Spanish Cup of 1995.
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Fernando Hierro
Fernando Ruiz Hierro (Spanish pronunciation: [ferˈnando ˈʝero]; born 23 March 1968) is a Spanish retired footballer. He is mostly known at club level for his 14-year spell at Real Madrid where he played nearlly 500 matches and won five La Liga and three UEFA Champions League trophies. He won 89 caps with Spain, appearing in four World Cups and two European Championships.
Equally at ease as a central defender or defensive midfielder, he had the ability, at his peak, to combine solid defensive play with a near-unlimited passing range and surprising goalscoring talent, which made him one of the world's most sought-after players.
Hierro was born in Vélez-Málaga, Province of Málaga. After beginning his football career at local club Vélez-Málaga, he had a very brief youth spell with neighbouring CD Málaga, where he was told he was not good enough for the sport, which prompted a return back home. He eventually made his La Liga debuts with Real Valladolid, being bought by Real Madrid after two seasons.
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Fernando Llorente
Fernando Llorente Torres (born 26 February 1985), nicknamed El Rey León (The Lion King in Spanish), is a Spanish footballer who plays for Athletic Bilbao and the Spanish national team, as a striker.
Llorente started his career with Athletic Bilbao, swiftly working his way through the various youth ranks, and becoming one of the most important offensive players for the club in the following decade, since making his first team debuts in 2005.
A Spanish international since late 2008, he helped the national team win the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
Though born in Pamplona, Llorente grew up in the municipality of Rincón de Soto in La Rioja. He joined Athletic de Bilbao's youth system in 1996, at the age of 11, being eligible through his Navarrese roots. He spent several seasons in the various junior levels of the club, moving in 2003 to CD Baskonia of Tercera División, effectively an Athletic youth team, and also a feeder club since 1997.
Llorente scored 12 goals in 33 appearances for Baskonia, paving way for his promotion to Bilbao Athletic, Athletic's reserve team, then in Segunda División B.
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Fernando Morientes
Fernando Morientes Sánchez (born 5 April 1976) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a striker.
His main asset was his aerial and strong goalscoring abilities. He played for a number of clubs during his career, including Real Madrid, AS Monaco, Liverpool, and Valencia CF. In La Liga, he scored 124 goals in 337 games, over the course of 15 seasons.
Morientes scored 27 goals in 47 appearances for the Spanish national team, representing the country in two World Cups (totalling five goals) and one European Championship.
Born in Cáceres, Extremadura, Morientes moved to Sonseca, Toledo, at the age of four. He began his professional career at Albacete Balompié, making his La Liga debut in 1993–94, spending two seasons at the club and scoring five goals in 22 matches (nine starts and 13 substitute appearances). Morientes transferred to Real Zaragoza in 1995, where he spent another two seasons, often being partnered up front by Dani, a Real Madrid youth graduate.
Morientes' performances for Zaragoza caught the eye of Spanish giants Real Madrid, which bought the player in the summer of 1997 for approximately €6.6 million. Initially backing up established Predrag Mijatović and Davor Šuker, he finished as starter, and managed 12 goals in his debut season in 33 matches, squad-best (with the two players who fought with him for a starting berth netting 10 apiece, as youth system prodigy Raúl). Real finished fourth in the league, but won the season's UEFA Champions League.
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Fernando Navarro
Fernando Navarro i Corbacho (Spanish pronunciation: [ferˈnando naˈβaro]; born 25 June 1982 in Barcelona, Catalonia) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Sevilla FC as a left defender.
Having come through the ranks of giants FC Barcelona, Navarro was on the verge of replacing longtime leftback Sergi Barjuán, who had left for Atlético Madrid in 2002, until a serious knee injury finished off his chances with hometown club. On 3 November 2002, he scored his only goal for Barça, in a 1–1 draw at Racing de Santander.
After an uneventul six-month loan at Albacete Balompié in 2004, also in La Liga, Navarro was loaned again, this time to RCD Mallorca (still in the top flight) for the 2005–06 season. After a successful campaign, the Balearic Islands side decided to purchase him on a permanent deal, and he was an undisputed first-choice from 2006–08.
On 18 June 2008, Navarro was bought by Sevilla FC for a reported €5 million. He was an automatic first-choice in his first two seasons combined, as the Andalusians ranked respectively third and fourth, but did collect 26 yellow cards combined.
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Fernando Torres
Fernando José Torres Sanz (Spanish pronunciation: [ferˈnando ˈtores]; born 20 March 1984), nicknamed El Niño (The Kid in Spanish), is a Spanish footballer who plays for Chelsea and the Spain national team as a striker.
Torres started his career with Atlético Madrid, progressing through their youth system to the first team squad. He made his first team debut in 2001 and finished his time at the club having scored 75 goals in 174 La Liga appearances. Prior to his La Liga debut, Torres played two seasons in the Segunda División for Atlético Madrid, making 40 appearances and scoring seven goals. He joined Premier League club Liverpool in 2007 after signing for a club record transfer fee. He marked his first season at Anfield by being Liverpool's first player since Robbie Fowler in the 1995–96 season to score more than 20 league goals in a season. Torres became the fastest player in Liverpool history to score 50 league goals after scoring against Aston Villa in December 2009. He left the club in January 2011 to join Chelsea for a record British transfer fee of £50 million, which also made him the most expensive Spanish player in history.
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Fran González
Francisco Javier González Pérez (born 14 July 1969 in Carreira, Santa Uxía de Ribeira, Galicia), aka Fran, is a retired Spanish professional footballer.
He spent his entire career with Deportivo de La Coruña, as a left midfielder with skill and field vision, helping it win the first La Liga title in the club's history.
Fran, one of the most notable players in Deportivo de La Coruña's history, arrived at the club's first team in 1988, and made his La Liga debut on August 31, 1991, in a 2–1 loss at Valencia CF. Quickly established, he only missed eight league matches in his first five seasons combined, also netting on 24 occasions, while already being club captain.
In 1995–96, Real Madrid almost signed him, but Fran regretted leaving Deportivo and returned quickly. In 1999–2000, as Depor conquered its first top level league, injuries limited him to only 22 games, adding a goal in a 2–0 home success against Valencia, on March 12, 2000.
Fran retired from football at the end of the 2004–05 season, after 17 years at Deportivo, 14 in the first division, at the same time as Brazilian Mauro Silva, with both playing their last match on May 22, 2005, a 0–3 home loss against RCD Mallorca. He amassed more than 600 overall appearances for the Galician club.
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François Heutte
François Heutte (born 21 February 1938) is a French former football striker. He played for France in the Euro 1960.
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Gerard Piqué
Gerard Piqué (Catalan pronunciation: [ʒəˈɾar piˈke]; born 2 February 1987) is a Spanish footballer, currently playing as a central defender for FC Barcelona.
A product of Barça's cantera, he initially left the club for Manchester United in 2004, where he remained for four years, before returning to Barça under Josep Guardiola's leadership, helping the club become the first ever to complete The Sextuple. Piqué is one of four players to have won the UEFA Champions League two years in a row with different teams, the others being Marcel Desailly, Paulo Sousa and Samuel Eto'o.
Piqué has also represented the Spanish national team, making his debut on 11 February 2009. He played an integral role in the Spain team that won the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
Born in Barcelona, Catalonia, Piqué started his career in FC Barcelona's youth teams as a defensive midfielder, but before he signed his first professional contract with the club, he decided to join Manchester United. The Premier League side did not pay a fee for Piqué as he was too young to have a professional contract.
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Gerd Müller
Gerhard "Gerd" Müller (German pronunciation: [ˈɡɛɐt ˈmʏlɐ]; born 3 November 1945 in Nördlingen) is a former German football player and one of the most prolific goalscorers of all time.
With national records of 68 goals in 62 international appearances, 365 goals in 427 Bundesliga games and the international record of 66 goals in 74 European Club games, he was one of the most successful goalscorers of his era. Müller is now 8th on the list of all time international goalscorers despite playing fewer matches than every player in the top 15. His nicknames are “Bomber der Nation” (the nation's Bomber) and “kleines dickes Müller” (short fat Müller; this name was given to him by Čik Čajkovski, his first coach at Bayern Munich. Čajkovski was Yugoslavian and got the German declension wrong).
In 1970 Müller was elected European Footballer of the Year after a successful season at Bayern Munich and scoring 10 goals at the 1970 World Cup. Müller held the all-time goal-scoring record in the tournament with a 14-goal total, a record that stood for 32 years until it was broken by Brazil's Ronaldo against Ghana in the Round of 16 of the 2006 World Cup. In 1999, he was voted ninth place in the European player of the Century election held by the IFFHS and he was voted thirteenth in the IFFHS' "World Player of the Century" election.
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Gianluigi Buffon
Gianluigi "Gigi" Buffon, Ufficiale OMRI (born 28 January 1978 in Carrara, Italy), is a FIFA World Cup-winning Italian goalkeeper who currently plays for Serie A club Juventus. He is widely considered by experts to be one of the most dominant and successful goalkeepers in history. Buffon was declared by Pelé to be one of the 125 greatest living footballers in the world. He has been named the Serie A Goalkeeper of the Year a record eight times. Also, he has been named the IFFHS (International Federation of Football History & Statistics) goalkeeper of the year four times and was named goalkeeper of the 21st Century by the same organisation.
Buffon began his career with the youth system of Parma in 1991 at the age of 13. He graduated from the youth squad in 1995 and at the young age of just 17, Gianluigi made his Serie A debut for Parma in a 0–0 home draw against Milan on 19 November 1995. He went on to make 8 more first team appearances that season. In 1996, his second full season with the club, Buffon was named as the starting goalkeeper and would go on to make well over 200 appearances for his club in all competitions. In his fourth season with the club, he won the UEFA Cup. He was by this time, already considered a major prospect and in the summer of 2001, he was snatched up by Italian giants Juventus for a world-record goalkeeper's transfer fee of a reported £32.6 million, with part of the transfer fees paid via the transfer of Jonathan Bachini to Parma.
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Hamit Altıntop
Hamit Altıntop (Turkish pronunciation: [häˈmit äɫˈtɯnto̞p]; born 8 December 1982) is a German-born Turkish professional footballer who plays for Real Madrid in La Liga. He is a versatile midfielder who can play either in a defending or attacking role and on both flanks. He is well known for his flair of long-shot ability, as shown when he played for Schalke 04 and Bayern Munich. He is the identical twin brother of footballer Halil Altıntop, who was born 10 minutes after Hamit.
Altıntop was part of the Turkey squad that reached the semi-finals of Euro 2008. After the tournament he was voted as part of the 23-man Team of the tournament awards. He won the 2010 FIFA Puskás Award for scoring the best goal of the season in an UEFA Euro 2012 qualifying match against Kazakhstan in a 3–0 win for his country.
Altıntop started his professional career in local German club Wattenscheid in 2000 along with his brother. As successful performances grabbed the attention of bigger clubs, he was transferred to Schalke 04 in 2003, where he played in a primarily defensive midfield role. In the 2006–07 summer transfer window, Schalke signed his brother Halil from Kaiserslautern. Schalke came second in the Bundesliga, only pipped by VfB Stuttgart by two points.
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Henrik Larsen
Henrik Larsen (born 17 May 1966 in Lyngby), nicknamed Store Larsen (English: Big Larsen), is a Danish former professional football player who was last the manager of Lyngby Boldklub.
He was the joint top scorer at the 1992 European Football Championship (Euro 92), which he won with the Danish national team. He was also part of the Danish squad at Euro 96, where he played his last national team game. In all he played 39 national team matches and scored 5 goals.
He started his career in Denmark for Taarbæk IF and then later Lyngby Boldklub. He won the 1985 Danish Cup trophy with Lyngby, and made his Danish national team debut in February 1989. In April 1990, he agreed a move abroad to play for Italian club Pisa Calcio, who were leading the promotion battle in the secondary Serie B division. Larsen was named Man of the Match, as he won the 1990 Danish Cup with Lyngby, before moving to Italy in June 1990. He joined Pisa in the Serie A championship, but in his first year at the club, Pisa were relegated to the Serie B again. As Serie B regulations only allowed two foreign players in the team, Larsen had to look for playing time elsewhere, when the club preferred Argentinians Diego Simeone and Jose Chamot.
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Hernán Crespo
Hernán Jorge Crespo (born 5 July 1975) is an Argentine footballer who is currently out of contract. Crespo has scored over 300 goals in a career spanning 18 years. His honors include an Olympic Games silver medal, a Copa Libertadores, an English Premier League title and three Scudettos. He was topscorer in the 2000–01 Serie A with 26 goals, while playing for Lazio. Crespo once held the world record in transfer fee, when he was bought by Lazio from Parma in July 2000.
Crespo made his debut with River Plate during the 1993–94 season, scoring 13 goals in 25 league appearances as River Plate won the Apertura league title. In 1996, Crespo helped River win the Copa Libertadores, scoring twice in the home leg of the final in Buenos Aires.
Crespo left River Plate for Parma on 14 August 1996 after he won the silver medal with Argentina at the 1996 Summer Olympics and finished as the top scorer with six goals. He failed to score in his first six months at the club and was routinely booed with head coach Carlo Ancelotti coming in for much criticism for keeping faith with the selection of Crespo. His faith was, however, vindicated: the young Argentine went on to score 12 times in 27 matches in his first Serie A season and Parma finished runners-up to Juventus. The turning point was the standing applause he received for his brace against Calcio in March 1997. Parma won the 1998–99 Italian Cup and he scored the opening goal in Parma's 3–0 UEFA Cup final victory over Olympique de Marseille. He had scored 80 goals in four seasons.
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Ibrahim Afellay
Ibrahim Afellay (born 2 April 1986) is a Dutch professional footballer who plays for FC Barcelona as an attacking midfielder or winger. He is described as a powerful and dynamic player with great ball skills and the ability to speed up action on the pitch.
He has played for the Dutch national youth team and is now part of the senior Dutch national team, which he represented at UEFA Euro 2008 and the 2010 FIFA World Cup, the latter of which saw them reach the final.
Previously he played for and captained PSV Eindhoven with whom he won four national titles and during which time he was named Best Young Player in The Netherlands (2007).
Born in Utrecht, in 1986. Afellay switched to the youth academy of PSV Eindhoven. Afellay's official debut for PSV Eindhoven was on 4 February 2004 during a cup match against NAC Breda at the age of 17. His debut in the competition was on 14 February, against Twente. In the 2003–04 seasons he played three official games, and seven more in the 2004–05 season.
On 15 May 2005, PSV Eindhoven played a game against Feyenoord. Afellay was a part of the starting lineup, and made a great impression with five goals in 4 matches.
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Iker Casillas
Iker Casillas Fernández (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈikeɾ kaˈsiʎas feɾˈnandeθ]; born 20 May 1981) is a Spanish football goalkeeper who plays for the Spanish La Liga club Real Madrid and the Spanish national team, being the captain of both. In 2008 he led the Spanish national team to their first European Championship in 44 years, and in 2010 to win the World Cup, Spain's first ever, being also named the tournament's best goalkeeper.
Casillas has been nominated for the European Footballer of the Year award twice, ranking fourth overall in 2008 and again receiving more votes than any other goalkeeper in 2009. At the end of 2009 he was voted into the UEFA Team of the Year for the third consecutive time. As of 2011 Casillas is one of a very select group of players who have won all major club and national championship titles. In 2010, he was awarded with the Sports Prince of Asturias Award. On 19 October 2010, Casillas became the most capped goalkeeper of all time in the UEFA Champions League and in November 2011, he became the most capped player of all time for the Spanish national team.
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Isaac Cuenca
Juan Isaac Cuenca López (born 27 April 1991) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for FC Barcelona as a forward or winger.
Born in Reus, Tarragona, Catalonia, Cuenca joined FC Barcelona's La Masia in 2003, aged just 12. Halfway through his third youth year, however, he returned home and joined local CF Reus Deportiu.
Cuenca finished his formation with CF Damm and Barcelona, rejoining the latter in 2009. He made his senior debuts in the 2010–11 season, being loaned to another Catalonia club, CE Sabadell FC in the third division. He made an immediate impact, starting in 24 of his appearances and totalling 2,288 minutes as the Arlequinats returned to the second division after an 18-year absence.
In June 2011, Cuenca returned to Barcelona and joined its B team, alongside Martí Riverola. Shortly after, he was called by first-team manager Josep Guardiola to the pre-season, and made his debut on 23 July against HNK Hajduk Split.
Cuenca made his official debut for Barça B on 4 September 2011, playing the last 29 minutes in a 4–0 away win against FC Cartagena, and scoring the last goal of the match. On 19 October, he made his first official appearance for the main squad, replacing David Villa in the dying minutes of a 2–0 home success against FC Viktoria Plzeň, for the season's UEFA Champions League.
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Javi Martínez
Javier "Javi" Martínez Aguinaga (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxaβi marˈtineθ aɣiˈnaɣa]; born 2 September 1988 in Estella-Lizarra, Navarre) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Athletic Bilbao in La Liga. Mainly a defensive midfielder, he can also operate as a central defender.
Martínez also played for the Spanish national team and was a member of the squad that won the 2010 World Cup.
Athletic de Bilbao signed Martínez as a raw 17-year old for €6 million, in the summer of 2006, from fellow La Liga team CA Osasuna, despite him never having played a first team game.
Martínez soon became a regular in the side in his debut season with powerful displays, his highlight being scoring twice against Deportivo de La Coruña, in a 16 December 2006 2–0 away success. He finished the campaign with 35 matches and three goals, and again was everpresent in the following two, helping Athletic to the 2009 Copa del Rey final.
In 2009, he was the midfield engine of the team once more - 46 official matches, nine goals - he scored a career-best six times in the league campaign, as Athletic narrowly missed on another UEFA Europa League qualification.
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Javier Mascherano
Javier Alejandro Mascherano (Spanish pronunciation: [ma(s)tʃeˈɾano], Italian: [maskeˈraːno]; born 8 June 1984) is an Argentine footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for FC Barcelona. He can also play as a central defender. Mascherano began his career at River Plate. He earned his first senior honours in 2003–04, winning the Primera División Argentina. He also won an Olympic gold medal with Argentina in the Athens Games and finished runner up in the Copa América 2004. He moved to Brazilian side Corinthians in 2005, winning the Brazilian Série A in his first season. Mascherano moved to Europe, signing for Premier League side West Ham United. However, unusual contract terms with Media Sports Investments blighted his brief time at the club and at the beginning of 2007 he joined Liverpool on loan.
He was runner up in the UEFA Champions League in his first season on Merseyside and again finished runner up in the Copa América with Argentina. He officially signed for Liverpool in February 2008 for £18.6 million, parting ways with Media Sports Investments. He won a second Olympic gold medal with Argentina in the Beijing 2008 Games, the first male footballer to achieve this since 1928. He was considered a key part of the national side by past coach Diego Maradona who appointed him captain and stated that his team was just Jonás, Mascherano, Messi and eight more.
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Javier Urruticoechea
Francisco Javier González Urruticoechea (born 17 November 1952 in San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa - died 24 May 2001 in Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona), aka Urruti, was a Spanish footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
During his time at FC Barcelona (1981–88), he became a favourite of both fans and teammates. At a club well known for goalkeepers like Ricardo Zamora, Franz Platko, Juan Velasco and Antoni Ramallets, he became a legend.
In May 2001, Urruti, aged only 48, died after his car hit the central barrier of a ring road near Barcelona. An annual golf tournament, the Trofeo Javier Urruti, is played in his honour.
Urruti played as a junior with Lengokoak before joining Real Sociedad in 1969, spending three full years with the reserve team. For the next league seasons, he maintained an interesting battle for first-choice status with legendary Luis Arconada.
After Arconada finally settled, Urruti moved to RCD Español, where he won the Don Balón award in 1981 (Spanish Footballer of the Year), moving across the city after that season to join FC Barcelona.
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Jesús María Pereda
Jesús María Pereda Ruiz de Temiño (15 June 1938 – 27 September 2011), also known as Chus Pereda, was a Spanish football midfielder and manager.
In a 16-year professional career, he played mainly for Barcelona, amassing La Liga totals of 197 games and 55 goals for four teams - including Real Madrid. In 1964, he helped Spain win the European Championship, being an international throughout the decade.
After retiring, Pereda was in charge of several Spanish youth teams, namely the U20s and the U21s.
Although born in Medina de Pomar, Burgos, Castile and León, Pereda was raised in Balmaseda in Biscay, Basque Country and, as a schoolboy, he captained the provincial U-16 team. He began his senior career with Bilbao club SD Indautxu, where his teammates included veteran goalkeeper Raimundo Lezama and Miguel Jones - Pereda and Jones, and later a third club player, José Eulogio Gárate, were all controversially rejected by Athletic Bilbao because of their birthplaces, with Pereda moving to Real Madrid and the others to Atlético Madrid.
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Jesús Navas
Jesús Navas González (Spanish pronunciation: [xeˈsuz ˈnaβaz ɣonˈθaleθ]; born 21 November 1985) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Sevilla FC in La Liga.
A right winger who can play on the left flank on occasion, his main assets are his quick dribbling and an ability to run at opposing defenders.
Born in Los Palacios y Villafranca, Province of Seville, Navas joined Sevilla FC's youth system at age 15. In 2003–04, he made his first team (and La Liga) debut when he played 12 minutes in a 0–1 loss at RCD Espanyol on 23 November 2003, and added four more matches before the league was over, none complete. In the 2004–05 season, Navas was permanently promoted to the first team, scoring two times from 22 appearances and, on 4 May 2005, his link to the club was extended until 2010, as he also made his Spanish U21 debuts.
In 2005–06, Navas once again impressed, being a crucial element as the Andalusians won their first UEFA Cup; he appeared in all 12 matches, including the final against Middlesbrough. In August 2006, a deal was arranged for Navas' transfer to Chelsea, but the player declined the move, citing possible homesickness. In the league, Navas was consistently listed in the best players' ranks, entering the 'Top 50' of Don Balón magazine each year since 2005.
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Joan Capdevila
Joan Capdevila i Méndez (Catalan pronunciation: [ʒuˈaŋ kədːəˈβiɫə]; born 3 February 1978) is a Spanish footballer who plays for S.L. Benfica in Portugal. His usual position is left defender, but he is also capable of operating as a winger and, from a defensive position, often contributes with goals.
Over the course of 13 La Liga seasons, he amassed totals of 379 appearances and 36 goals, namely for Deportivo de La Coruña and Villarreal CF.
A Spanish international on more than 60 occasions, Capdevila represented the nation in one World Cup and two European Championships, winning one tournament in each competition.
Born in Tàrrega, Province of Lleida, Catalonia, and a product of RCD Espanyol's youth system, Capdevila made his debut for its first team during 1998–99, in a 2–2 La Liga draw at Athletic Bilbao, and joined Atlético Madrid the following season.
After the Colchoneros relegation, however, he signed with Galician side Deportivo de La Coruña in the summer of 2000, and would be a regular fixture in the team as left-back, first competing with Enrique Romero, then as the undisputed first-choice. On 16 September 2006, he netted twice as Depor overcame Villarreal CF 2–0 at Riazor Stadium.
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Joaquín Sánchez
Joaquín Sánchez Rodríguez (born 21 July 1981), simply Joaquín, is a Spanish footballer who plays for Málaga CF.
A right winger, he is well known for his flashy style of play, lightning quick pace, acceleration, excellent dribbling ability and pinpoint crossing.
During his career, Joaquín was solely associated with Betis and Valencia, also being capped for Spain on more than 50 occasions, representing the nation in two World Cups and one European Championship.
Joaquín was born in El Puerto de Santa María, Province of Cádiz. In 1999–2000 he started his senior career, appearing regularly for Real Betis B (after spending five years in the youth ranks) as it was eventually relegated from the third division; in the following season he moved to the first team, making his professional debut on 26 August 2000, and having an immediate impact (38 matches and three goals), as the Andalusians returned to La Liga after one year out.
Subsequently, Joaquín collected well over 200 official appearances for Betis in the following five years, assisting and scoring alike (50+ decisive passes in the league seasons). During 2004–05, he played in all the games scoring five times, and added three goals in the season's Copa del Rey: in the latter, as the final was played at the Vicente Calderón on 11 June 2005, he played the full 90 minutes plus extra time, as Betis won 2–1 against CA Osasuna.
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Joe Cole
Joseph John "Joe" Cole (born 8 November 1981) is an English footballer who plays for Liverpool, and the England national football team as midfielder. He started his career with West Ham United where he played more than 100 games during five years, until he left for Chelsea in 2003. Cole won a number of trophies with Chelsea, including three Premier League titles and two FA Cups before leaving on a free transfer in July 2010 to join Liverpool. He is described as "a technically gifted player with the creativity to unlock a defence".
Cole was born in Paddington, London and lived there until he moved to Camden at the age of six. He was educated at St. Mary's Primary School, Bryanston Square in Marylebone along with brother Nicky and sister Charly. He also attended Haverstock School in Chalk Farm, Camden and St. Aloysius RC College in North London. As a youngster Joe Cole supported Chelsea. Joe Cole is a patron for the Cystic Fibrosis Trust.
A child prodigy who received national media attention as a schoolboy, Cole famously scored seven of the eight goals the England youth team scored against Spain in one match. Cole is a product of the West Ham United youth system. He was long touted as the hottest prospect in English football with Manchester United reportedly offering to pay £10 million for his services as a 16-year-old. Playing in a mould similar to former England favourite Paul Gascoigne, he quickly progressed through the West Ham ranks before making his first-team debut at the age of 17. In 1999 Cole was part of West Ham's victorious FA Youth Cup winning squad (alongside Michael Carrick), defeating Coventry City 9–0 on aggregate in the final. In January 2003 Glenn Roeder, then West Ham United manager gave Cole the club captain's armband at the age of 21. The club was relegated from the Premier League at the end of that season. Cole won the "Hammer of the Year award" for 2003.
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Johan Cruyff
Hendrik Johannes Cruijff OON (Dutch: [ˈjoˑɦɑn ˈkrœy̆f]) born 25 April 1947 in Amsterdam), known as Johan Cruyff, is a former Dutch footballer and is currently the manager of the Catalan national team. He won the Ballon d'Or three times, in 1971, 1973 and 1974, which is a record jointly held with Michel Platini, Marco van Basten and Lionel Messi. Cruyff was one of the most famous exponents of the football philosophy known as Total Football explored by Rinus Michels, and is widely regarded as one of the greatest players in association football.
After his retirement from playing in 1984, Cruyff became highly successful as manager of Ajax and later FC Barcelona; he remains an influential advisor to both clubs. His son Jordi has also gone on to play football professionally.
In 1999, Cruyff was voted European Player of the Century in an election held by the IFFHS, and came second behind Pelé in their World Player of the Century poll. He came third in a vote organised by the French weekly magazine France Football consulting their former Ballon d'Or winners to elect their Football Player of the Century. He was named as the greatest football player of all time by the Bleacher Report for the combination of his skill and his revolutionary application of Rinus Michels's total football to the sport.
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John Aloisi
John Aloisi (born 5 February 1976) is a retired Australian soccer player who played as a striker, and the current manager at Melbourne Heart.
In a professional career that spanned twenty seasons, with league totals of 438 games and 118 goals, he was the first Australian ever to play and score in La Liga, the Premier League and Serie A, namely appearing in three seasons for Coventry City and four for Osasuna. He returned to his country in 2007, closing out his career with four seasons in the A-League.
Aloisi was an integral member of the Australia national team for more than one decade, and represented the nation at the 2006 World Cup, being an essential figure in the qualifying stages. He also appeared for the Socceroos in two Confederations Cups.
Born in Adelaide, Aloisi arrived in Europe aged only 16, signing with Standard Liège from Adelaide City. He did not appear in any official games for the club, and also played sparingly for his next team, fellow top division outfit Royal Antwerp FC.
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John Heitinga
John Gijsbert Alan ("Johnny") Heitinga (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdʒɔn ˈɣɛi̯s.bɛrt ˈaː.lɑn (ˈʃɔ.ni) ˈɦɛi̯.ˌtɪ.ŋɣa]; born 15 November 1983 in Alphen aan den Rijn) is a Dutch footballer who plays as a defender for Everton and the Dutch national team. A product of Jong Ajax, he previously played for AFC Ajax and Atlético Madrid, before signing for Everton in 2009.
Heitinga previously represented various youth squads for the Netherlands. He is now a regular player for the Dutch national team, having made his debut in February 2004. He has represented his country at two World Cups (2006 and 2010) and two European Championships (2004 and 2008). In 2008, Heitinga was named Dutch Footballer of the Year.
Heitinga was part of the Ajax youth team before making his debut for the first team on 26 August 2001 against Feyenoord. He was part a new wave of talent that fielded the likes of homegrown stars Rafael van der Vaart and Wesley Sneijder as well as Zlatan Ibrahimović and Cristian Chivu. He was featured in a documentary entitled Ajax: Hark the Herald Angel Sings alongside Ajax academy pupils Gregory van der Wiel, Mitchell Donald, Jeffrey Sarpong, Donovan Slijngard, Nordin Amrabat, Evander Sno and Jeremain Lens.
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Jordi Codina
Jordi Codina Rodríguez (born 27 April 1982 in Barcelona, Catalonia) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Getafe CF as a goalkeeper.
Codina was a graduate of Real Madrid's youth system, but arrived at Real Madrid Castilla from the low categories of Barcelona's RCD Espanyol, joining in 2002. After the departure of Carlos Sánchez and David Cobeño, he became first-choice with the reserve side. Antonio Adán was the backup and Kiko Casilla third-choice, as Codina eventually gained Castilla's captaincy.
Codina made his professional debuts in the second division, in the 2005–06 season, against Sporting de Gijón. In the last of his five years with the B-team, he played in 35 of 38 matches, for a total of 3,150 minutes.
At the start of 2007–08, Codina was promoted to Real Madrid's first team and served as third goalkeeper, after Iker Casillas and Jerzy Dudek. As Madrid were already crowned league champions, Codina made his first team debut and sole appearance for the club in the last match of the season on 11 May 2008, playing the entire match in a 5–2 home win against Levante UD.
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José Antonio Reyes
José Antonio Reyes Calderón (born 1 September 1983) is a Spanish professional footballer who plays for Sevilla FC, mainly as a left winger but also as a forward.
He made his professional debuts for hometown's Sevilla at only 16, signing for England's Arsenal aged 20. After a relatively successful career abroad, he returned to his country, going on to represent both main sides in Madrid, Real and Atlético, also having a short loan spell in Portugal with Benfica.
Reyes gained 21 caps for Spain, and represented the nation at the 2006 World Cup.
Born in Utrera, south-east Seville, to Spanish Kale (Gitanos) parents, Reyes joined the youth ranks of local Sevilla FC at the age of 10. His talent was identified, and he represented the club at all youth levels.
He finally signed a full contract in 1999, making his full squad debuts during 1999–2000 at just 16, in a game against Real Zaragoza, and was later called up to Spain's squad for the UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship. With the Andalusians now in Segunda División, he added another first-team club appearance.
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José Bosingwa
José Bosingwa da Silva (born 24 August 1982), known as Bosingwa, is a Portuguese footballer who plays for Chelsea in the Premier League, as a right back.
An attacking fullback, his pace and ability to get up and down the flanks creates problems for the opposition. He has spent most of his professional career with Porto and Chelsea.
A Portuguese international in the 2000s, Bosingwa represented the nation at Euro 2008.
Born in Mbandaka, Zaire to a Portuguese father and a Congolese mother, Bosingwa moved with his parents at a very young age to Seia, inner Portugal, in the Guarda District.
He was picked as a youth to play for Boavista FC, making his professional debuts on loan to S.C. Freamunde in the second division, appearing sparingly as the northern club finished last; he started his career as a midfielder.
After two full seasons with Boavista, Bosingwa signed with neighbouring F.C. Porto, coached by José Mourinho, for the 2003–04 season. In his debut campaign, he was used sparingly, playing in only 11 league games. He made his UEFA Champions League debut on 16 September 2003, in a 1–1 away draw against FK Partizan, appearing in eight matches in the club's victorious campaign.
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José Emilio Amavisca
José Emilio Amavisca Gárate (born 19 June 1971) is a Spanish retired footballer who played mostly as a left winger.
He was best known for his Real Madrid stint, but played for five other clubs, amassing 381 games and 57 goals in both major levels of Spanish football, over the course of 16 seasons.
A Spanish international in the 90's, Amavisca represented the country at Euro 1996.
Born in Laredo, Cantabria, Amavisca made his professional debuts for Real Valladolid (achieving promotion in 1992–93 and being also loaned to UE Lleida). In the 1994 summer, he joined La Liga giants Real Madrid, initially being deemed surplus to requirements, but going on to score 10 league goals in his debut season, mostly playing second striker to Chilean Iván Zamorano (both were initially seen as third or fourth-string offensive references by manager Jorge Valdano), as the Merengues ended a four-year domestic title drought. His role would gradually diminish in the subsequent years.
In January 1999, Amavisca joined Racing de Santander, thus returning to Cantabria, and instantly became an important offensive figure with the side, although his seven league goals in 2000–01 were not enough to avoid top level relegation.
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José Luis Caminero
José Luis Pérez Caminero (born 8 November 1967 in Madrid) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a midfielder.
Arguably one of the best Spanish footballers of the 1990s, Caminero was able to play in any midfield position, in the middle or in the wings. Having played in 408 La Liga games over the course of 14 seasons (57 goals), he possessed a vast array of skills: dribble, shot and physique, and his career was almost exclusively associated with Valladolid and Atlético Madrid.
Caminero represented Spain in one World Cup and one European Championship, scoring in both tournaments.
After unsuccessfully emerging through the ranks of Real Madrid, Caminero joined Real Valladolid for 1989–90, helping the side barely avoid La Liga relegation. He scored his first goal in the competition in the following season, in a 3–1 home win against Valencia CF on 16 December 1990.
The peak of Caminero's career took place from 1993–94, when he moved to Atlético de Madrid. He was a key member of the squad that won an historical double in 1995–96, contributing with nine league goals in 37 games. Accordingly, after the season, he was given the Spanish Footballer of the Year award by both the Madrid newspaper El País and the prestigious football magazine Don Balón, being the only Atlético player to win both awards during one season, and netted a career-best 14 goals in the following campaign.
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José Manuel Pinto
José Manuel Pinto Colorado (born 8 November 1975) is a Spanish footballer who plays for FC Barcelona as a goalkeeper.
Born in El Puerto de Santa María, Cádiz, Andalusia, Pinto, a product of Real Betis' youth system, moved up to the first team and made his La Liga debut for the club during the 1997–98 campaign (one match as a second-half substitute against Racing de Santander).
Unable to dislodge Toni Prats at Betis, Pinto switched to Celta de Vigo a year later. He went on to win the Ricardo Zamora Trophy for the 2005–06 season, after allowing just 29 goals in 37 matches, a goals per match ratio of 0.78. He was also eventually awarded the captain's armband, appearing in 125 games in the first division and 56 in the second, as well as competing in the UEFA Champions League (in 2003–04, although backing up Pablo Cavallero in the domestic league, he would appear in five group stage matches, as Celta proggressed to the round-of-16 game) and in the UEFA Cup.
Pinto signed on loan for FC Barcelona on 18 January 2008. He arrived as cover for the injured Albert Jorquera after the latter damaged knee ligaments during the festive break. He made his debut on 26 April, in a match against Deportivo de La Coruña, which Barcelona lost 2–0. His second match also ended in defeat, as Barcelona lost 3–2 (despite being 2–0 up) at home to RCD Mallorca.
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Juan Antonio Señor
Juan Antonio Señor Gómez (born 26 August 1958 in Madrid) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a central midfielder.
During his professional career, he played mainly for Zaragoza, amassing nearly 400 official appearances in nine years. The scorer of one of Spain's most important goals, he gained more than 40 caps during the 80's, representing the nation in one World Cup and one European Championship.
During his career Señor, a Real Madrid youth graduate, represented professionally CD Ciempozuelos (fourth division), Deportivo Alavés (second) and Real Zaragoza. With the Aragon side, he appeared in 304 La Liga games, scoring 54 goals.
In 1986–87, which featured a second stage for the top six teams, Señor netted 11 goals in 43 matches (Zaragoza ended fifth). He also helped the side to the 1986 Copa del Rey, being voted by magazine Don Balón the league's best player in the 1982–83 season (33 matches, five goals).
Señor had to retire sooner than expected due to a heart disease, his last season being 1989–90, subsequently moving into coaching: Mérida UD, UD Salamanca, FC Cartagena and CD Logroñés. He also began managing a football campus for children in the Aragonese Pyrenees.
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Juan Gómez González
Juan Gómez González (10 November 1954 – 2 April 1992), aka Juanito, was a Spanish footballer who played as a forward.
A player with tremendous dribbling ability whose career was overshadowed by a fierce character, Juanito was best known for his Real Madrid years. He died in a road accident at only 37.
Growing up, Juanito supported Real Zaragoza, but as he approached his adulthood he began supporting Real Madrid. Upon his presentation in 1977, he said: "Playing for Real Madrid is like touching the sky, Real Madrid has always been my first choice as a team and Madrid has always been my favorite as a city".
He gained more than 30 caps for Spain, representing the nation in two World Cups and one European Championship.
Born in Fuengirola, Málaga, Juanito played as a youth with his local club, before joining Atlético Madrid in 1972. While still underage, he allegedly forged his papers so he could play for the colchoneros' U18 team. He scored twice on his debut, but a fractured tibia ended his career at Atlético and he never played for the senior team.
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Juan Mata
Juan Manuel Mata García (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxwan manˈwel ˈmata]; born 28 April 1988) is a Spanish footballer who currently plays for English club Chelsea in the Premier League. He primarily plays as an attacking midfielder and a winger. Mata is known for his creativity, acceleration, speed, versatility, and technical ability and is described as a "creative spark". He has also been described as "a touch of flair" and has earned critical acclaim for his playing style, which has led to the media, fans and player's drawing comparisons to both Spanish international and former Valencia team-mate David Silva and Chelsea legend Gianfranco Zola.
Mata began his football career in Spain, playing for Real Oviedo. In 1997, he joined Real Madrid. Mata spent three years in the club's academy progressing through their junior teams and, at the age of 18, made the switch to Real Madrid Castilla for the 2006–07 season, where he finished the season as the side's second best scorer with 10 goals. In the start of the 2007–08 season, Mata signed for fellow La Liga side Valencia CF, through a contractual clause at Real Madrid. He was voted the team's Best young player, at the end of that season. Since making his debut for Valencia in 2007, Mata had become an integral part of the club's midfield, making over 174 appearances for the duration of four seasons. In the 2011–12 season, Mata moved to England, signing for Premier League club Chelsea in August 2011, for a fee in the region of £23.5 million. On 27 August 2011, Mata made his debut and scored a goal for Chelsea against Norwich City, where he came on as a substitute.
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Juan Pablo Colinas
Juan Pablo Colinas Ferreras (born 2 September 1978 in León, Castile and León), known as Juan Pablo, is a Spanish footballer who plays for Sporting de Gijón in the Spanish first division, as a goalkeeper.
Juan Pablo began his professional career with hometown side Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa, moving in 2000 to Deportivo Alavés. In his first season with the first team, he backedup French Richard Dutruel (formerly of FC Barcelona), but could never break into the starting eleven, only totalling 15 league appearances in three years combined, the last being spent in the second division. His first La Liga match occurred on 22 September 2002, a 1–0 win at Villarreal CF.
Subsequently, Pablo moved to CD Numancia, also in the silver category, being heavily featured during two seasons. After a shaky campaign at CD Tenerife (he started the season, but did not play in the final months), he returned to the Soria side, playing in all but one match in that year's first division, in an eventual relegation.
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Julen Guerrero
Julen Guerrero López (born 7 January 1974) is a Spanish retired footballer who played solely for Athletic Club de Bilbao.
Ambidextrous, the attacking midfielder was mainly known for his skills and shooting ability. A Spanish international since the age of 19, he represented the nation at two FIFA World Cups, gaining more than 40 caps, and appearing in more than 400 official games for his only team.
Born in Portugalete, Biscay, Guerrero joined Athletic Bilbao as an eight-year old, and subsequently progressed through the junior ranks of the club. In 1991–92, he appeared for the reserves, then playing in the second division. Alongside defender Aitor Karanka, he was a member of the U-19 team that won a national cup and league double in 1992.
In September 1992, Guerrero made his senior debut for Athletic Bilbao, while still only 18, under Jupp Heynckes. He quickly made an impact and, although a midfielder, he scored 28 La Liga goals in his first two seasons combined (65 in his first six). He was awarded the New Spanish Player of the Year by El País in 1993, and won the Spanish Footballer of the Year by both Don Balón and El País the following year. During the 1993–94 season, he scored a hat-trick against Albacete Balompié, adding four against Sporting de Gijón.
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Kaká
Ricardo Izecson dos Santos Leite (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁiˈkaɾdu iˈzɛksõw duˈsɐ̃tus ˈlejtʃi]; born 22 April 1982), commonly known as Kaká (Portuguese: [kaˈka] ( listen)), is a Brazilian football attacking midfielder who currently plays for Spanish La Liga club Real Madrid and the Brazilian national team. Kaká started his footballing career at the age of eight, when he began playing for a local club. At the time, he also played tennis, and it was not until he moved on to São Paulo FC and signed his first professional contract with the club at the age of 15 that he chose to focus on football.
In 2003 he joined Milan for a fee of €8.5 million. While at Milan, Kaká won the Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year awards in 2007. After his success with Milan, Kaká joined Real Madrid for a transfer fee of €65 million, second only to that of Zinedine Zidane, €75 million. Later Real Madrid transferred Cristiano Ronaldo for a fee of €96 million, setting a new transfer fee record, making Kaka's fee the third highest ever. In addition to his contributions on the pitch, Kaká is known for his humanitarian work. In 2004, by the time of his appointment, he became the youngest ambassador of the UN World Food Programme. Kaka is the first sportsperson to amass 10 million followers in twitter.
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Klaus Allofs
Klaus Allofs (born 5 December 1956) is a retired German footballer who played as a striker.
A prolific goalscorer for club and country, his younger brother, Thomas, was also a professional footballer – and a striker. He amassed Bundesliga totals of 424 games and 177 goals over the course of 15 seasons (being crowned the competition's top scorer on two occasions), mainly in representation of Fortuna Düsseldorf and Köln.
Allofs gained nearly 60 caps for West Germany, representing the nation in one World Cup and two European Championships, winning the Euro 1980 tournament.
Born in Düsseldorf, Allofs began playing professionally for home team Fortuna Düsseldorf, in 1975. He started his career as an attacking midfielder, and scored nearly 100 overall goals for the club, helping it two consecutive German cup wins, while often playing upfront with sibling Thomas. In 1978–79, he finished as the Bundesliga's topscorer, and also scored four in eight in Fortuna's UEFA Cup Winners' Cup runner-up run, including one in the final, an extra time loss against FC Barcelona.
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Konstantin Zyryanov
Konstantin Georgiyevich Zyryanov (Russian: Константин Георгиевич Зырянов, Konstantin Georgievich Zyryanov; born 5 October 1977 in Perm) is a Russian footballer who currently plays for Zenit Saint Petersburg and the Russian national team.
Zyryanov started to play football in local club Zvezda Perm. His professional career began with Amkar, in 1994. He played 171 league games, having scored in 48 occasions. In 1998, Zyryanov won Russian Second Division with Amkar and in 2000, he joined Torpedo Moscow.
After he joined Torpedo, he switched to their reserve team, where he played two games, scoring once. After that, he became first squad regular. He was one of the most important Torpedo's players, where he made 164 league appearences. He scored nine goals. His playing ability brought him to Russian football gigant Zenit Saint Petersburg, in 2007.
Zenit's late-developing holding midfielder was Russian Footballer of the Year in 2007, probably most notably for his scoring ability shown in August 2007 alone when he scored six league goals for Zenit.
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Lionel Messi
Lionel Andrés Messi (Spanish pronunciation: [ljoˈnel anˈdɾes ˈmesi], born 24 June 1987) is an Argentine footballer who plays in La Liga for FC Barcelona and is the captain of the Argentina national team, mainly as a forward.
By the age of 21, Messi had received Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year nominations. The following year in 2009 he won both the Ballon d'Or and FIFA World Player of the Year, and won the inaugural FIFA Ballon d'Or in 2010 and 2011. He also won the 2010–11 UEFA Best Player in Europe Award. Messi is the fourth football player to win three Ballons d'Or, after Johan Cruyff, Michel Platini and Marco van Basten and the second player to win three consecutive Ballons d'Or, after Michel Platini. His playing style and small stature have drawn comparisons to Diego Maradona, who himself declared Messi as his "successor".
Messi has won five La Liga titles and three Champions League titles. In 2012, Messi made UEFA Champions League history by becoming the first player to score five goals in one match, in a 7–1 win against Bayer Leverkusen. With two goals in the next round against A.C. Milan, he matched José Altafini's record of 14 goals in a single UEFA Champions League/European Cup season. He also became the first player to top-score in four successive European Champion Clubs' Cup campaigns. He set the world record for most goals scored in a season during the 2011–12 season, with 73 goals.
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Luis Aragonés
José Luis Aragonés Suárez (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse ˈlwis aɾaɣoˈnes ˈswaɾeθ]; born July 28, 1938), usually referred to as Luis Aragonés and sometimes simply as Luis, is a former Spanish footballer and national coach.
Aragonés has spent the majority of his career as a player and coach at Atlético Madrid. He was a prominent player and then coach of the successful Atlético team of the late 1960s and early 1970s. The team won La Liga four times, reached the final of the European Cup and won the Intercontinental Cup. Between 1964 and 1974 he played 265 La Liga games for Atlético and scored 123 goals. Aragonés has coached the club on four separate occasions. He has also played with several other clubs, most notably Real Betis, and played 11 times for Spain, scoring three goals. Apart from Atlético he has also coached seven other La Liga clubs as well as the Spanish national football team whom he led to their second European Championship title in 2008. He became the head coach of the Turkish football team Fenerbahçe after Euro 2008, and this is the first time that Aragonés has coached outside of his native Spain.
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Luis García Sanz
Luis Javier García Sanz (born 24 June 1978), known as Luis García, is a Spanish footballer who plays for UNAM in Mexico, mainly as a left winger.
Although naturally left-footed, he has ability to kick with both feet and has a good aerial game, despite a small frame. He played professionally for FC Barcelona and Atlético Madrid in his homeland, amongst others - being brought up in the former's youth ranks - appearing abroad for Liverpool, with which he won one UEFA Champions League amongst other major titles.
A Spanish international during one year, García represented the nation at the 2006 World Cup.
Born in Badalona, Barcelona, Catalonia, García was a product of local FC Barcelona's prolific youth ranks but, after two successful seasons with its B team, he left on loan for Real Valladolid, where he made his La Liga debut on 22 August 1999, in a 0–1 loss at CD Numancia, and finished the season at second division's CD Toledo, also on loan, his four goals not being enough to prevent relegation for the Castile-La Mancha side.
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Luka Modrić
Luka Modrić (pronounced [ˈluːka ˈmɔːdritɕ], born 9 September 1985) is a Croatian footballer who plays for Tottenham Hotspur and for the Croatia national team.
Modrić's childhood coincided with the Croatian War of Independence. After showing promise in hometown club Zadar's youth team, he was signed by Dinamo Zagreb as a teenager in 2002. His professional career began with loan spells at Zrinjski Mostar and Inter Zaprešić. While he was playing for GNK Dinamo Zagreb, they won three consecutive league titles and several domestic cups, with Modrić named Prva HNL "Player of the Year" in 2007.
He moved to the Premier League in 2008 and has since achieved significant success with the Spurs, making himself a target of prospective transfers to Chelsea and other clubs. He was one of the leading forces of the Croatian national team at the Euro 2008.
During the Croatian War of Independence, Modrić and his family lived in the village of Modrići near Obrovac but they were forced to flee the area when he was 6 years old. His father, Stipe, was in the Croatian army, and he lost his grandfather in the fighting while his family were refugees, living in a hotel on the island of Iž near Zadar. It was in these difficult circumstances that Modrić began playing football. When his father returned from the army, he used the little money the family had to enroll his son in the local sporting academy. After displaying some talent, Luka signed with Dinamo Zagreb as a 17 year old in 2002.
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Lukas Podolski
Lukas Josef Podolski (German pronunciation: [ˈluːkas poˈdɔlski]); born Łukasz Podolski IPA: [ˈwukaʂ poˈdɔlski]) on 4 June 1985) is a German footballer who plays as a striker or winger for 1. FC Köln and for the German national team. He is a left footed attacker known for his strong shot, technique and probing attacks from the left side.
He joined 1. FC Köln in 1995 where he broke into the first team in 2003 and made 81 appearances for the club before moving to Bayern Munich. After three years in Munich with mixed success, Podolski returned to Köln. He was first capped by Germany in 2004 and has been part of the squad in all major tournaments since then. Although he was eligible to play for Germany and Poland, Podolski chose to play for Germany.
Podolski was born to Waldemar Podolski and to Krystyna Podolska, a former member of the Polish national handball team in the Silesian industrial town of Gliwice (near Katowice), Poland.
In 1987, when Łukasz Podolski was two years old, his family emigrated from Poland to West Germany and were given Aussiedler status as a result of his paternal grandparents having German citizenship prior to WWII (Gliwice had until 1945 been a part of Germany as Gleiwitz). Podolski grew up in Bergheim, North Rhine-Westphalia, and later in Pulheim, both near Cologne.
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László Kubala
László Kubala Stecz (10 June 1927 – 17 May 2002), also referred to as Ladislav Kubala, Ladislao Kubala, was a footballer, who played as a forward with, among others, Ferencvárosi TC, ŠK Slovan Bratislava, Vasas SC, FC Barcelona and RCD Espanyol. He also played for three different national teams, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Spain, as well as a Europe XI and the Catalan XI. During the 1950s he was a leading member of the successful FC Barcelona team. During his playing career with that club he scored 194 goals in 256 appearances. In 1999, during the club's centenary celebrations, a fan's poll declared him the best player ever to play for the club. After retiring as a player he began a career as coach. He had two spells as coach of FC Barcelona and he also coached both the senior Spain national team and the Spain Olympic Team.
A striker with great passing qualities, Kubala also had an uncommon dribbling ability, combining pace and skill. Kubala's composure in finishing, and power when striking for goal were also highly renowned. Also, he was one of history's greatest free kick specialists, able to bend the ball with pace and accuracy.
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Manny Pacquiao
Emmanuel "Manny" Dapidran Pacquiao, PLH (English pronunciation: /ˈpæki.aʊ/ PAK-ee-ow; Tagalog: [pɐkˈjaʊ]; born December 17, 1978) is a Filipino professional boxer and politician. He is the first eight-division world champion; having won six world titles, as well as the first to win the lineal championship in four different weight classes. He was named "Fighter of the Decade" for the 2000s (decade) by the Boxing Writers Association of America (BWAA). He is also a three-time The Ring and BWAA "Fighter of the Year," winning the award in 2006, 2008 and 2009.
As of 2012, Pacquiao is the WBO Welterweight Champion. He was long rated as the best pound for pound boxer in the world by some sporting news and boxing websites, including BoxRec.com, Sporting Life and The Ring. However, in April 2012, Pacquiao dropped to number two in the rankings, behind Floyd Mayweather Jr. In their ratings ending May 7, 2012, Ring Magazine declared the top position vacant and jointly ranked Pacquiao and Mayweather in the number two spot.
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Marco van Basten
Marcel "Marco" van Basten (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈmɑr.koʊ̯ vɑm.ˈbɑs.tə(n)]; 31 October 1964) is a Dutch football manager and former football player, who played for Ajax and Milan, as well as the Dutch national team, in the 1980s and early 1990s. He is regarded as one of the greatest forwards of all time and has scored 277 goals in a high-profile career, which ended in 1995 as a result of an injury suffered two years earlier. He was later the head coach of Ajax and the Dutch national team.
Known for his strength on the ball, his tactical awareness and spectacular strikes and volleys, van Basten was named European Footballer of the Year three times (1988, '89 and '92) and FIFA World Player of the Year in 1992. Van Basten was voted eighth in a poll organised by the French weekly magazine France Football consulting their former Ballon d'Or winners to elect the Football Player of the Century. In 2004, a nationwide poll was held for the 100 greatest Dutch people (De Grootste Nederlander) and van Basten was number 25, the second highest for a football player[citation needed]. In March 2007, Sky Sports ranked van Basten first on its list of great athletes who had their careers cut short.
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Marcos Senna
Marcos Antônio Senna da Silva (born 17 July 1976), known as Senna, is a Brazilian-born Spanish footballer who plays for Villarreal CF as a central midfielder.
He is known for his passing range and long shooting and is also a penalty specialist, and spent most of his professional career in Spain with Villarreal, appearing in nearly 400 official games.
Senna represented the Spanish national team during four years, appearing in one World Cup and one European Championship and winning Euro 2008.
Born in São Paulo, Senna began his career with Rio Branco Esporte Clube. After playing for a number of different Brazilian clubs early in his career, he moved to Spanish club Villarreal CF in 2002, from Associação Desportiva São Caetano. After a slow start (only 25 La Liga appearances in his first two seasons combined), he became an undisputed starter, helping the club reach as far as the UEFA Champions League semi-finals in 2005–06; eventually, he also gained the club captaincy.
On 27 April 2008, Senna scored a goal from inside the centre circle against Real Betis that he deemed, "the best goal of my life".That season, as the player netted a further three times, in a total of 33 matches, Villarreal finished a club-best second, to champions Real Madrid.
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Mariano Pernía
Mariano Andrés Pernía Molina (born 4 May 1977) is a retired Argentine-born Spanish footballer who played as a left defender.
After starting professionally with Independiente, he moved to Spain in the early 2000s, going on to represent three teams in the country - most notably Getafe and Atlético Madrid, scoring 10 La Liga goals in one sole season with the former - amassing Spanish top flight totals of 171 games and 16 goals, over the course of seven seasons.
Pernía represented his adopted nation in the 2006 World Cup.
Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, Pernía came through the ranks at Club Atlético San Lorenzo de Almagro, but never achieved a first-team presence. He got his first chance of professional football when he moved to Club Atlético Independiente, but found himself moving in and out of the main squad. He made a total of 57 appearances for the club in all competitions, scoring two goals.
In January 2003, Pernía moved to La Liga side Recreativo de Huelva, where he made somewhat of an impact. He started in the Copa del Rey final loss to RCD Mallorca, but the Andalusian outfit was also relegated that season. He played in 40 league matches during the following campaign's second division.
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Mario Kempes
Mario Alberto Kempes Chiodi (born 15 July 1954 in Bell Ville, Córdoba) is a retired Argentine footballer. His father, Mario, also a footballer, inspired him to play from a young age. At the age of 7, he began playing with a junior team and at 14, he joined the Talleres reserves. He is most notable for playing for Valencia and being the focal point of Argentina's 1978 World Cup win.
Kempes was nicknamed El Toro and El Matador. During his first stint with Valencia, he won two consecutive Pichichis, scoring 24 and 28 goals in 1976–77 and 1977–78. His career started at local club Instituto, where he played alongside Osvaldo Ardiles before quickly moving on to Rosario Central, where he scored 85 goals in 105 matches and established himself as a notorious goalscorer, which prompted a move to Valencia, where he would go on to win the Copa del Rey, the European Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Super Cup. Famous as a hard-working forward, he used to strike from outside the penalty area with his surging runs goalwards and was not the traditional center-forward operating solely inside the box. Many defenders found difficulty handling his attacking style.
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Mesut Özil
Mesut Özil (German pronunciation: [ˈmeːzut ˈøːzil], Turkish pronunciation: [me̞ˈsut ˈø̞zil]) (born 15 October 1988) is a German footballer who plays for Spanish La Liga club Real Madrid and the Germany national football team. Özil has been a youth national team member since 2006, and a member of the German national team since 2009. He gained international attention during the 2010 FIFA World Cup and was nominated for the Golden Ball Award, which is awarded to the tournament's best player. Following his breakout performance at the World Cup, he was transferred from Werder Bremen to Real Madrid in August 2010.
Özil is acclaimed for his finesse and improvisation as an attacking midfielder. His style and knack for providing assists for his team-mates has been compared to that of Real Madrid legend Zinedine Zidane. In 2011, he ranked second in assists in La Liga with 17, and first in major European competitions with 25.
Özil began his youth career playing for various clubs in Gelsenkirchen and then played five years for Rot-Weiss Essen.
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Michael Ballack
Michael Ballack (born 26 September 1976) is a German professional footballer, who is currently playing for Bundesliga club Bayer Leverkusen. He is among the top goal scorers in the history of his international team. Ballack has worn the number 13 shirt for every team he has played for except for Kaiserslautern. He was selected by Pelé as one of FIFA's 100 Greatest Living Players, and as the UEFA Club Midfielder of the Year in 2002. He has won the German Footballer of the Year award three times – in 2002, 2003 and 2005. In his prime, Ballack was known for his passing range, scoring ability, ball skills and commanding presence in the midfield.
Ballack began his career as a youth at Chemnitz, his local team, and made his professional debut in 1995. Although the team were relegated in his first season, his performances in the Regionalliga the following season led to a transfer to Kaiserslautern in 1997. He won the Bundesliga in his first season at the club; his first major honour. He became a first team regular in 1998–99 season and also earned his first senior national cap for Germany. He moved to Bayer Leverkusen for €4.1 million in 1999. The 2002 season saw him win a slew of runners-up medals: Bayer Leverkusen finished second in the Bundesliga, German Cup, UEFA Champions League and Germany lost to Brazil in the 2002 World Cup Final.
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Michel Platini
Michel François Platini (born 21 June 1955) is a former French football player and manager, and the president of the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) since 2007.
During his professional footballing career, Platini played for the clubs Nancy, Saint-Étienne, and Juventus, and was a member of the French national team that won the 1984 European Championship, a tournament in which he was the top goalscorer and voted the best player. He also participated in the 1978, 1982 and 1986 World Cups, reaching the semi-finals in the latter two. Platini, Alain Giresse, Luis Fernández and Jean Tigana together made up the "carré magique" (French for "magic square"), the group of midfield players that formed the heart of the French national team throughout the 1980s.
Considered one of the best passers in football history as well as one the best free kick specialists and finishers, he holds the record for most goals (9) scored in European Championship final tournaments despite only appearing in the 1984 edition. Despite being a midfielder, he held the national team top scorer record until striker Thierry Henry surpassed the 41 goals mark in 2007.
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Miguel Tendillo
Miguel Tendillo Belenguer (born 1 February 1961) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a central defender.
Over the course of 15 seasons, he amassed La Liga totals of 354 games and 28 goals, representing most notably Valencia (eight years) and Real Madrid (five), and winning ten major titles combined.
Tendillo played nearly 30 times with Spain, representing the nation in one World Cup and one European Championship.
Born in Moncada, Valencia, Tendillo started his professional career with local giants Valencia CF, being an automatic first-choice since the age of 18 (29 La Liga matches in his first full season, which culminated with the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup conquest – he started in the final against Arsenal).
After nearly 300 official games with Valencia, Tendillo moved to Real Murcia, upon the Che 1986 relegation, and produced another solid season, which earned him the interest of league powerhouse Real Madrid, as a replacement to longtime injuree Antonio Maceda; a starter in three of his five years, he helped the club to three leagues and as much domestic supercups.
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Migueli
Miguel Bernardo Bianquetti (born 19 December 1951 in Ceuta), aka Migueli, is a retired Spanish footballer who played as a central defender. He spent most of his career at FC Barcelona and holds the third highest number of appearances at the club. He also represented Spain at the 1978 World Cup and Euro 1980. Miguel earned the nickname Tarzan because of his immense physical prowess.
After playing with Cádiz CF from 1971–73, Migueli transferred to La Liga giants FC Barcelona, where he became an undisputed starter after just one league appearance in his first year, going on to amass 391 games in the competition (549 overall, club's all-time best until 5 January 2011, when midfielder Xavi surpassed him in a Copa del Rey match against Athletic Bilbao).
In the 1978–79 European Cup Winners' Cup final against Fortuna Düsseldorf, Migueli played parts of the match – which went to extra time – with a broken collarbone, in an eventual 4–3 success.
In 1986–87, already well into his 30's, he still managed to appear in 41 matches (38 complete), and retired at the end of the next season, in which he added another domestic cup. He then worked with the club's coaching staffs, in the Joan Gaspart presidency.
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Milan Baroš
Milan Baroš (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmɪlan ˈbaroʃ]) (born 28 October 1981) is a Czech footballer who plays as a striker for Galatasaray and the Czech national football team. He is known for his direct style of play, pace and dribbling skills.
In the 2008–09 season, Baroš scored 20 goals in the Süper Lig, the highest total in the league. He was the winner of the Golden Boot at UEFA Euro 2004, where he scored five goals, and he has previously played for clubs including Liverpool, Aston Villa, and Olympique Lyonnais.
Baroš was introduced to top-level football at FC Baník Ostrava. In 1998 he made his debut in the Gambrinus liga, the top of Czech football, becoming a regular over the next few seasons. In 2000, he won the Talent of the Year award at the Czech Footballer of the Year awards.
Baroš joined Liverpool in 2002 and was given the number 5 shirt, making his debut in a Champions League tie away to Barcelona. It was his only appearance of the 2001–02 season. The following season, Baroš scored twice on his Premiership debut away to Bolton Wanderers and ended the season with 12 goals for the club. This included a brace in a 6–0 away win over relegated West Bromwich Albion on 26 April 2003.
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Milan Galić
Milan Galić (Serbian: Милан Галић, born 8 March 1938 in Bosansko Grahovo) is a former Serbian footballer.
He scored 37 international goals in 51 matches for the Yugoslavia national football team. He participated in the 1960 Summer Olympics, winning the gold medal, the 1960 UEFA European Football Championship, where Yugoslavia finished second (despite his goal in the final), and the 1962 FIFA World Cup, where Yugoslavia finished fourth. On the club level, he played for FK Partizan and Standard Liège. In 1960 he played in one of his 57 internationals against Denmark. He got sent off, but Yugoslavia still won 3-1. Later the International Referees committee decided that the referee had erred in the dismissal.
In 1962, according to the selection of Sport daily newspaper, Galić was declared the sportsperson of the year in Yugoslavia.
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Míchel Salgado
Miguel Ángel "Míchel" Salgado Fernández (born 22 October 1975) is a Spanish footballer who is currently without a club after Blackburn Rovers Released him.
Nicknamed Il Due (two in Italian), he is known for his combative tackling and attacking play. Attesting to his aggressive style, Salgado's former Real Madrid – where he spent an entire decade, after excellent displays at Celta de Vigo – teammate Steve McManaman once described him as "the hardest person in the world....a genuine psychopath, even in training."
During nearly ten years, Salgado - who appeared in 343 La Liga games, scoring seven goals - represented the Spanish national team, collecting more than 50 caps and appearing in one World Cup and one European Championship.
Born in As Neves, Pontevedra, Galicia, Salgado began his professional career with hometown's Celta de Vigo, making his first division debut on 22 January 1995, in a 0–4 away loss against Real Madrid. He served a second division loan spell at UD Salamanca, before eventually becoming first-choice.
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Pablo Ibáñez
Pablo Ibáñez Tébar (born 3 August 1981 in Madrigueras, Albacete, Castile-La Mancha), sometimes known as just Pablo, is a Spanish footballer who plays for English Football League Championship (second-tier) club Birmingham City as a central defender.
He played for many years in Spain for Albacete and Atlético Madrid, amassing La Liga totals of 193 games and ten goals, before joining English Premier League club West Bromwich Albion in 2010.
At international level, Pablo has 23 caps for the Spanish national team, representing the country at the 2006 World Cup.
Having grown through the ranks of hometown Albacete Balompié, Pablo made his first team debuts while it played in Segunda División.
In 2003–04, he played his first La Liga encounter, on 30 September 2003, in a 0–2 home loss against CA Osasuna. He only missed one league game, helping the Castile-La Mancha side finish 14th.
The following summer, Pablo signed with Atlético Madrid, forming a centre back partnership with Colombian Luis Amaranto Perea, arrived in the same season. His early form led to rumoured interest from the likes of Liverpool,Juventus and Manchester United, but nothing came of it.
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Patrick Kluivert
Patrick Stephan Kluivert ([ˈpɛtrɪk ˈklœy̆vərt] ( listen); born 1 July 1976) is a Dutch former footballer, currently head coach of the youth side of FC Twente. He played as a striker for AFC Ajax, A.C. Milan, FC Barcelona, Newcastle United, Valencia CF, PSV Eindhoven, and Lille OSC. Kluivert played for the Dutch national team from 1994 to 2004. He is their all-time leading goalscorer with 40 goals. In 2004, he was named in the FIFA 100, a list of the 125 greatest living footballers chosen by Pelé as part of FIFA's centenary observances.
Patrick Stephan Kluivert was born on 1 July 1976 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. His father, a professional football player, was born in Calcutta, Suriname and his mother in Curaçao. Kluivert learned to play football on the street. After he played for football club Schellingwoude one year, he joined the AFC Ajax youth academy at the age of seven.
During his younger years, he played several different positions, even as a defender. He was strong in technique, football intelligence, and speed, but his personality was considered too impulsive. Kluivert played for the Dutch national teams under-15, under-16 and under-17.
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Pepe Reina
José Manuel "Pepe" Reina Páez (Spanish pronunciation: [xoˈse maˈnwel ˈreina ˈpa.eθ]; born 31 August 1982) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for English Premier League team Liverpool. In the 2010–11 season he made his 100th Premier League clean sheet for Liverpool, in a 3–0 win against Aston Villa.
The son of famed FC Barcelona and Atlético Madrid goalkeeper Miguel Reina, Reina began his career with the Barcelona youth team and made his La Liga debut in the 2000–01 season. He signed for Villarreal in 2002. However, he soon moved on to Liverpool and made his debut in 2005. He instantly became first-choice goalkeeper and won his first major honour in 2006, the FA Cup. He saved three out of four West Ham United penalties in the final. In 2007, Liverpool reached the Champions League Final, matching the feat achieved by his father in 1974, but they lost to A.C. Milan.
At international level, Reina played for Spain's youth team, winning the UEFA European Under-17 Football Championship in 1999. He made his senior debut in 2005, and has generally been selected as the second-choice keeper behind Iker Casillas. He was part of the Spain squad for the 2006 World Cup and made one appearance in their victorious Euro 2008 campaign, earning him his first international honour. In 2010 he won FIFA World Cup with Spain, despite not making an appearance in the competition.
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Philipp Lahm
Philipp Lahm (German pronunciation: [ˈfɪlɪp ˈlaːm]; born 11 November 1983 in Munich, Bavaria) is a German footballer who plays for and captains both Bayern Munich and the Germany national football team.
Lahm is considered one of the best full backs in the world, and was included in the World Cup team of the tournament in 2006 and 2010, the UEFA Team of the Tournament in 2008 and in the FIFA Team of the Year 2008. He is well known for his pace, dribbling and precise tackling abilities as well as his small stature. Although Lahm is right-footed, he is able to play on both sides of the pitch. He often cuts from the flank to the inside of the pitch to either shoot or pass.
In August 2011 at age 27 he released his autobiography, Der feine Unterschied: Wie man heute Spitzenfußballer wird (The Subtle Difference - How to Become a Top Footballer), reviewing his football career and personal experiences, the general football environment, football in the social context and the effectiveness of different coaching and training methods. The No.1 bestselling book received extensive media attention in Germany, and has been criticized for parts of the book in which he discerningly analyzed his former coaches work, among the critics were Rudi Völler (himself criticized by Lahm in the book) and Ottmar Hitzfeld.
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Predrag Mijatović
Predrag "Peđa" Mijatović (Serbian: Предраг Мијатовић Пеђа) (born 19 January 1969) is a Montenegrin football player and former sports director of Real Madrid. He is considered[by whom?] one of Yugoslavia's best players of the 1990s. He was acclaimed as the best athlete of Yugoslavia in 1997. During his career his position on the pitch was striker but was very often deployed, especially later in his career, as a midfield creator.
On the club level, Mijatović played for 6 different clubs: Budućnost Podgorica, FK Partizan, Valencia, Real Madrid, Fiorentina, and Levante. Internationally, Mijatović has been capped 73 times, scoring 28 goals (the appearances are split between the SFR Yugoslavia and the FR Yugoslavia national teams). He played in the 1998 World Cup and Euro 2000.
A very technically gifted player known for his outstanding skill and vision, as well as his prolific goalscoring ability, Mijatović is well remembered for scoring impressive 28 goals in the 1995/1996 Primera División season for Valencia, which in turn led him to controversially move to Real Madrid, where he scored a goal for Real Madrid in the 1998 UEFA Champions League Final that brought the biggest European title back to Madrid after 32 years. He also had many memorable moments on the big stage, at both club and international levels.
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Quini
Enrique Castro González (born 23 September 1949), aka Quini, is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a striker.
In a career totally connected with Sporting de Gijón and FC Barcelona, he was widely regarded as one of the country's best strikers, having won a total of seven Pichichi Trophy awards, five of those in La Liga.
A Spanish international for 12 years, Quini represented the nation in two World Cups and one European Championship.
Born in Oviedo, Asturias, Quini joined local Real Oviedo's neighbours Sporting de Gijón in 1968, from amateurs Ensidesa. In his first season in La Liga, 1970–71, he netted 13 goals in 30 matches and, during the following nine years, only netted once in single digits (nine) and won three Pichichi, one in division two - ironically, in the year in which he won his second, Sporting was relegated, the player's 21 goals being insufficient to avoid the last place.
In the 1980 summer, Quini signed with FC Barcelona, which had already tried to sign the player after Sporting's relegation. In his first two years combined, he scored 47 league goals, good enough for two more scoring accolades. He also helped the Catalans to the 1981 Spanish Cup, scoring twice to put away his beloved Sporting, in a 3–1 win in the final; additionally, in the 1981–82 European Cup Winners' Cup, he helped Barça come from behind to beat Belgium's Standard Liège 2–1, as the final was held at the Camp Nou.
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Rafael Gordillo
Rafael Gordillo Vázquez (born 24 February 1957) is a Spanish retired footballer.
A tremendously offensive left wingback, equally at ease as defender and midfielder and with a good effort rate, he had an unmistakable style of playing with his socks down, he represented with individual and team success Betis and Real Madrid, appearing in 428 La Liga games and scoring 38 goals (505/47 during his professional career), over the course of 16 seasons.
He was a mainstay for the Spanish national team in the 80's, appearing in nearly 80 matches and representing the nation in five international tournaments.
Born in Almendralejo, Province of Badajoz, Extremadura, Gordillo moved to Seville - from where his parents were originally - when he was just a few months old. He grew up in the Polígono de San Pablo neighbourhood, and signed with Real Betis in 1972, at the age of 15. On 30 January 1977, he made his first team - and La Liga - debuts, against Burgos CF, and helped the Andalusians to the Copa del Rey in his debut season.
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Rafael Nadal
Rafael "Rafa" Nadal Parera (Catalan: [rəˈfɛɫ nəˈðaɫ pəˈɾeɾə]; Spanish: [rafaˈel naˈðal paˈɾeɾa]) (born 3 June 1986) is a Spanish professional tennis player and a former World No. 1. As of 28 May 2012 (2012 -05-28)[update], he is ranked No. 2 by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). He is widely regarded as one of the greatest players of all time; his success on clay has earned him the nickname "The King of Clay", and has prompted many experts to regard him as the greatest clay court player of all time.
Nadal has won ten Grand Slam singles titles, including a record six French Open titles (tied with Bjorn Borg), the 2008 Olympic gold medal in singles, a record 21 ATP World Tour Masters 1000 tournaments, and also was part of the Spain Davis Cup team that won the finals in 2004, 2008, 2009 and 2011. He completed the Career Grand Slam by winning the 2010 US Open, being the seventh player in history, and the youngest in the open era, to achieve it. He is the second male player to complete the Career Golden Slam (winner of the four grand slams and the Olympic Gold medal) after only Andre Agassi.
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Raúl Albiol
Raúl Albiol Tortajada (Spanish pronunciation: [raˈul alˈβjol toɾtaˈxaða]; born 4 September 1985 in Vilamarxant, Valencia) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Real Madrid and the Spanish national team.
His main asset is his versatility, as he can play as a central defender, right back or defensive midfielder.
Albiol started playing football with two modest clubs in the Valencian Community, moving to local giants Valencia CF before celebrating his 10th birthday. He made his first-team debut on 24 September 2003, at 18 years and four days, in a UEFA Cup first-round contest against AIK Fotboll, but spent the first year still registered with the B side.
In August 2004, whilst travelling to sign a deal to join Getafe CF on loan, Albiol was involved in a serious car accident, being put in intensive care. He managed to recover completely and, after reappearing in January, played a very important part in the Madrid side surviving the relegation scrap: he made his La Liga debut on 15 January 2005, in a 1–1 home draw with Atlético de Madrid, he scored against another side from the capital, Real Madrid, in a 2–1 home triumph, two months later.
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Raúl Tamudo
Raúl Tamudo Montero (born 19 October 1977 in Santa Coloma de Gramenet, Barcelona, Catalonia) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Rayo Vallecano as a striker.
An icon at Espanyol, he captained the club for almost a decade, playing in more than 400 official games – winning two Copa del Rey trophies – and being the club's all-time top goal scorer.
A product of local side RCD Espanyol's youth ranks, Tamudo served two second division six-month loans before finally settling in 1999–2000. From there on, he became an undisputed starter for the team, never netting in single digits during nine La Liga seasons, while helping the Catalans to two Spanish Cups: in the 2000 final, he scored by stealing the ball from Atlético de Madrid goalkeeper Toni Jiménez, with his head; he also played a vital role in the 2006 edition, scoring in the second minute of the match and subsequently assisting Luis García on the second Espanyol goal.
Tamudo was close to signing with Rangers in 2000, only to see the move fail at the last minute due to a failed medical. Two days later, he scored a hat-trick in the UEFA Cup match against Grazer AK (4–0 home win, 4–1 aggregate).
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Roman Pavlyuchenko
Roman Anatolyevich Pavlyuchenko (Russian: Роман Анатольевич Павлюченко; born 15 December 1981 in Mostovskoy) is a Russian footballer playing as a centre forward for Russian club FC Lokomotiv Moscow and for the Russian national team.
Pavlyuchenko moved to Spartak Moscow in the spring of 2003. During his time at Spartak, Pavlyuchenko was the club's most prolific goalscorer, scoring 109 goals in 187 games. His goalscoring, together with his loyalty to the rhombik (the club's emblem), earned him much respect and appreciation from the "Army of Red-White Fans".
In September 2008, Pavlyuchenko signed for Tottenham Hotspur for a reported fee of £14 million. Pavlyuchenko made his debut for the Spurs on 15 September against Aston Villa. He scored his first goal on 24 September 2008, in the 2–1 League Cup 3rd round win against Newcastle United. Pavlyuchenko went on to score his first league goal for the club in the 2–0 victory against Bolton Wanderers on 26 October 2008. He has scored in every English domestic cup competition game he has played in, except for the 2009 Football League Cup Final. In the 2009–10 season, Pavlyuchenko was fourth-choice striker for Tottenham, with Harry Redknapp preferring Robbie Keane, Peter Crouch and Jermain Defoe to the Russian.[citation needed]
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Ronald Koeman
Ronald Koeman (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈroʊ̯.nɑɫt ˈku.mɑn], born 21 March 1963 in Zaandam, Noord-Holland) is a former Dutch footballer, and the current manager of Feyenoord. He is the younger brother of former Feyenoord coach Erwin Koeman and the son of former Dutch international Martin Koeman. He was renowned for his long-range accuracy, especially in free kicks.
In 1980 Koeman started his professional career at Groningen. After playing for Ajax, PSV and FC Barcelona, he finished his career in Feyenoord. During his career he won two UEFA European Cup titles, five Dutch championships, three Dutch Cups, four Spanish championships, one Spanish Cup and he was also in the winning Dutch national team at the UEFA Euro 1988.
Besides being a defender at the centreback position, Koeman was also known for his powerful right-footed freekicks and deadball ability where he scored many vital goals for the team, and it was from a free kick that he scored Barcelona's winning goal in the 1992 European Cup final. His nickname while playing for Barcelona was Floquet de Neu, after the famous albino gorilla in the Barcelona Zoo. Ronald Koeman currently holds the record for 25 consecutive successful penalty conversions in La Liga.
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Rubén Baraja
Rubén Baraja Vegas (born 11 July 1975) is a retired Spanish professional footballer.
A complete central midfielder with good tackling and offensive qualities together with accurate passing and goalscoring ability, he played mostly for Valencia during a 17-year career, being an essential figure in five of the club's major titles, namely two La Liga championships.
During five years, Baraja was also a consistent part of the Spanish national team, appearing in one World Cup and one European Championship, and gaining nearly 50 caps.
Born in Valladolid, Castile and León, Baraja started his career at local club Real Valladolid before moving to Atlético de Madrid, where he would spend two 1/2 seasons with the B side, first appearing with the main squad on February 7, 1999, playing the second half of a 1–2 defeat at UD Salamanca. In 1998–99, with the B's in the second level, he netted a career-best 11 goals.
When Atlético was relegated at the end of 1999–2000, Baraja left the club in a 2,000 million pesetas transfer to that season's UEFA Champions League finalists Valencia CF, who were looking to strengthen their central midfield following the sale of first team players Gerard and Javier Farinós.
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Rubén de la Red
Rubén de la Red Gutiérrez (born 5 June 1985) is a Spanish former footballer who played as a central midfielder.
He made a name for himself at Getafe after emerging through Real Madrid's cantera. Returning to his first club in 2008, he suffered a serious heart ailment which put his career on hold for two years, until he finally retired in late 2010.
Additionally, de la Red was part of Spain's squad at the victorious Euro 2008 tournament.
Born in Móstoles, Community of Madrid, de la Red arrived at the Real Madrid youth system when he was 14. At one point, he was transferred to CD Móstoles after being told he was not good enough, but was soon re-signed by Madrid. After his fourth season with the club, youth coach Quique Flores, who was moving to Getafe CF, wanted de la Red to join him at his new club, but Madrid turned him down. The player said: "It is a pride that Quique was interested so much in me, but for me Real Madrid is the number one choice, that is clear; everything else comes afterwards".[citation needed]
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Santi Cazorla
Santiago "Santi" Cazorla González (Spanish pronunciation: [sanˈtjaɣo kaˈθoɾla ɣonˈθaleθ]; born 13 December 1984 in Llanera, Asturias) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Málaga CF in La Liga.
A versatile winger, he can play on either flank, being ambidextrous. He is noted for his speed and capacity to change the rhythm of gameplay, and spent most of his professional career with Villarreal.
Cazorla represented Spain at Euro 2008, helping the national team win the tournament.
Having started playing football for local Asturian club Real Oviedo, Cazorla was snapped up by Villarreal CF several months before turning 18. He progressed through the reserve team, making his first team debut on 30 November 2003, playing one minute in a 1–0 win at Deportivo de La Coruña.
Established in the main squad in 2004–05, Cazorla scored four goals in the season's UEFA Cup, also making two goalless appearances in the following season's UEFA Champions League .
On 7 July 2006, Recreativo de Huelva signed Cazorla for €600.000 on a four-year contract, with a clause in his contract whereby he could return to Villarreal (for €1.2 million), going on to score in his official debut, a 1–1 home draw with RCD Mallorca, on 27 August. He became Spanish player of the year according to Don Balón, a member of European Sports Magazines after topping its rating list. On April 22, 2007, Cazorla dedicated a goal to his father, who had died recently, in a 4–2 home win against Racing de Santander. He helped the Andalusians, which had just returned from the second division, eventually finish eighth.
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Santiago Cañizares
José Santiago Cañizares Ruiz (born 18 December 1969) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
After playing with Real Madrid, mostly as a backup, he finished his career at Valencia, where he appeared in 416 official games during one full decade.
In his prime, he was regarded as one of the best goalkeepers in the world. Prior to Euro 2004 - he represented the Spanish national team in three World Cups and as many European Championships - legendary goalkeeper Peter Schmeichel said that he regarded Cañizares as the finest goalkeeper in world football.
Born in Puertollano, Ciudad Real, Castile–La Mancha, Cañizares started his club career with Real Madrid in 1988, playing initially with its B team. He started professionally with Elche CF, CP Mérida and Celta de Vigo, making his first top flight appearance with the Galicians in 1992–93, missing only two matches from 1992–94 combined and subsequently returning to Real Madrid.
Unable to cement a starting place, his best output being 26 matches during 1997–98 (but he lost his place in the final part of the year to Bodo Illgner, thus missing the 1998 Champions League final), Cañizares moved to Valencia CF in 1998 to replace the retired Andoni Zubizarreta. He helped the club to win the Spanish Cup and Supercup finals in 1999, also reaching consecutive UEFA Champions League finals (2000 and 2001) and winning La Liga titles in 2002 and 2004, adding the UEFA Cup and Supercup 2004 finals. Following the latter campaign, he renewed his link to the Che for a further two years.
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Savo Milošević
Savo Milošević (Serbian Cyrillic: Саво Милошевић, Serbian pronunciation: [sǎʋɔ milɔ̌ːʃɛʋitɕ]; born 2 September 1973) is a retired Serbian footballer who played as a striker.
After making a name for himself at Partizan, he signed for Aston Villa, and went on to spend the vast majority of the following decade playing in Spain, where he represented four clubs, amassing La Liga totals of 241 games and 91 goals, and netting nearly 300 official goals over a 16-year professional career.
At international level, Milošević played for the national team of FR Yugoslavia (later renamed Serbia and Montenegro), and later for Serbia, surpassing the century of caps for both teams combined, and appearing in two World Cups and one European Championship.
Born in Bijeljina, SR Bosnia and Herzegovina, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Milošević joined the youth ranks of FK Partizan at not yet 14, making his senior debuts in 1992, and scoring an astonishing 60 league goals in his last two seasons combined - a competition-best in both years - as the Belgrade side won back-to-back national championships, including the double in 1993–94.
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Sergio Busquets
Sergio Busquets Burgos (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈserxjo βusˈkets], Catalan: [βusˈkɛts]; born 16 July 1988) is a Spanish footballer who plays for FC Barcelona and the Spanish national team, as a defensive midfielder.
He was a relatively obscure player when he arrived in FC Barcelona's first team in July 2008, but eventually made a name for himself in a relatively short period of time, reaching the Spanish national team in less than one year after making his professional club debut.
Busquets was born in Sabadell, Barcelona, Catalonia. In 2005, he joined local FC Barcelona's youth ranks, scoring seven goals in 26 matches for the Juvenil A team in his second season. Two years later, he was promoted to the B team under Josep Guardiola, and helped it achieve promotion to the third division. In that same season he would make his first-team debut, coming on as a substitute in a Catalonia Cup match.
On 13 September 2008, Busquets played his first La Liga match, 90 minutes in a 1–1 home draw against Racing de Santander. During Barcelona's UEFA Champions League match against FC Basel at St. Jakob-Park on 22 October 2008, he scored the second goal in the 15th minute in a 5–0 group stage win. In early December, in another start, he scored his second goal with Barça in the competition, netting in the 83rd minute of a 2–3 home loss against FC Shakhtar Donetsk. On 22 December, Busquets signed a contract extension until 2013, with a buy-out clause of €80 million.
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Sergio Ramos
Sergio Ramos García (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈseɾxjo ˈramoz ɡaɾˈθi.a]; born 30 March 1986) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Real Madrid and the Spain national football team. Mainly a central defender, he can perform equally as a right back.
After emerging through Sevilla's youth system, he went on to be a defensive mainstay for both Real Madrid and the Spanish national team, gaining his first cap at the age of 18.
Born in Camas, Seville, Andalusia, Ramos began his career at local side Sevilla FC, emerging through the club's youth system alongside Jesús Navas and Antonio Puerta. He made his first team – and La Liga – debut on 1 February 2004, coming on as a second half substitute in a 0–1 away loss against Deportivo de La Coruña.
In the 2004–05 season, Ramos appeared in 31 games as Sevilla finished sixth and qualified to the UEFA Cup, scoring in home fixtures against Real Sociedad (2–1) and Real Madrid (2–2).
In the summer of 2005, 19-year old Ramos was purchased by Real Madrid for €27 million, a record for a Spanish teenager. He was the only Spanish player brought in during Florentino Pérez first stint as Real Madrid president.
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Sid Lowe
Simon Lowe, better known as Sid Lowe, (born, June 21, 1976, in Archway, London) is a Madrid-based British columnist who has been covering Spanish football for The Guardian newspaper and Guardian Unlimited website since 2001. He also regularly appears (via phone or Skype) on the Guardian Podcast Football Weekly where he gives updates on the latest news in La Liga, the top division of Spanish football. He writes regularly for World Soccer magazine and FourFourTwo and gives updates on the Asia-based FourFourTwo (TV series). Sid is also TalkSPORT's reporter in Spain who brings regular reports to the Hawksbee and Jacobs show as well the Drive Time show with Darren Gough and Adrian Durham. He also works as a football commentator and panellist for Spanish, Asian and US television, and also appears on the TV channel of Real Madrid C.F.. Sid can also be heard regularly on the US based soccer show "Beyond the Pitch" www.beyondthepitch.net. Sid gives regular La Liga updates a few times a month
In February 2008 Lowe completed a PhD, titled “The Juventud de Acción Popular in Spain, 1932-1937” at the University of Sheffield. The thesis deals with the origins of the Spanish Civil War..
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Slava Metreveli
Slava Kalistratovich Metreveli (Georgian: სლავა მეტრეველი; Russian: Слава Калистратович Метревели) (30 May 1936 in Sochi - 7 January 1998 in Tbilisi) was a Georgian football player and later a football manager.
Metreveli played most of his career for Torpedo Moscow (1956-1962) and Dinamo Tbilisi (1963-1971).
He played for Soviet Union national team (48 matches/11 goals), and was a participant at the 1962 FIFA World Cup, 1966 FIFA World Cup, 1970 FIFA World Cup and at the 1960 UEFA European Football Championship, where the Soviet Union won the gold medal. In the latter, Metreveli scored in the final against Yugoslavia as they won 2-1.
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Spanish people
The term Spanish people (or Spaniards) has two distinct meanings: Traditionally, it applies to people native to any part of Spain. More recently, it has also come to have a legal meaning, referring to people who hold Spanish citizenship.
Within Spain there are a number of nationalisms and regionalisms, reflecting the country's complex history. The official language of Spain is Spanish (also known as Castilian), a standard language based on the mediaeval dialect of the Castilians of north-central Spain. There are several commonly spoken regional languages. With the exception of Basque, the languages native to Spain are Romance languages.
There are substantial populations outside Spain with ancestors who emigrated from Spain; most notably in Latin America.
The earliest modern humans inhabiting Spain are believed to have been Neolithic peoples who may have arrived in the Iberian Peninsula as early as 35,000–40,000 years ago. In more recent times the Iberians are believed to have arrived or developed in the region between the 4th millennium BC and the 3rd millennium BC, initially settling along the Mediterranean coast. Celts settled in Spain during the Iron Age. Some of those tribes in North-central Spain, which had cultural contact with the Iberians, are called Celtiberians. In addition, a group known as the Tartessians and later Turdetanians inhabited southwestern Spain and who are believed to have developed a separate civilization of Phoenician influence. The seafaring Phoenicians, Greeks, and Carthaginians successively founded trading colonies along the Mediterranean coast over a period of several centuries. The Second Punic War between the Carthaginians and Romans was fought mainly in what is now Spain and Portugal.
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Telmo Zarra
Telmo Zarraonandia Montoya (20 January 1921 – 23 February 2006), popularly known as Zarra, was a Spanish Basque football player for Athletic Bilbao from 1940 to 1955.
Signing with Athletic after playing one season for Erandio, he became a prolific goalscorer for Athletic in his 15 seasons at the club, winning The Pichichi Trophy (which is awarded to the top goal scorer of the season in the Spanish league) six times. He scored more league goals (252) than any other player in Spanish football history, and an additional 81 cup goals. He previously shared the record for most goals scored in a season: 38 times in 1950–51, which was usurped by Cristiano Ronaldo's 40 goals during the 2010–11 La Liga season.
Despite this excellent record, he only played for Spain twenty times. Even so, he still managed to score 20 goals, including four in one historic match when Spain beat Switzerland 6–3 on 18 February 1951. He also scored his country's winning goal against England in the 1950 World Cup finals as Spain reached the final four – their best performance in the competition until winning the 2010 FIFA World Cup 60 years later.
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Thiago Alcântara
Thiago Alcântara do Nascimento (born 11 April 1991), known simply as Thiago, is a Spanish football player. He currently plays as a central midfielder for FC Barcelona. His vision, ball control and passing abilities have made him one of the most promising young players in Europe.
Thiago was born in San Pietro Vernotico, Italy and grew up in Spain. His father is former Brazilian World Cup winner Mazinho. He started at the lower levels of Flamengo and at the age of five, he moved to Spain with his father and his cousin Rachid Boulawane, and started playing with Galician team Ureca in Nigrán. In 2001 he played with Kelme CF when his father played with Elche CF. He returned to Flamengo aged 10 and, in 2005, once again moved back to Spain, signing with FC Barcelona, where his cousin Patrick was also playing for Barça.
On 17 May 2009, aged 18 years old, Thiago made his debut with the first team when he came on as a substitute for Eiður Guðjohnsen in the 63rd minute against RCD Mallorca. On 20 February 2010, after coming on as a substitute for Yaya Touré in the 76th minute, Thiago scored his first goal for Barcelona's first team in a 4–0 win against Racing de Santander at the Camp Nou. His second goal came in a game against UD Almería on 9 April 2011, to make the score 2–1. He scored his third goal against Real Sociedad in a start. He ended the 2010–11 season with 17 games, three goals, and three assists under his belt. On 29 June 2011, Thiago signed a contract renewal keeping him at Barcelona until 30 June 2015, with a buyout clause of €30 million.
wn.com/Thiago_Alcântara -
Thomas Müller
Thomas Müller (German pronunciation: [ˈtʰoː.mas ˈmʏ.lɐ]; born 13 September 1989) is a German footballer who plays for Bayern Munich and the German national team. Müller plays as a midfielder or forward, and has been deployed in a variety of attacking roles—as an attacking midfielder, second striker, and on either wing. He has been praised for his pace, technique and composure, and has shown consistency in scoring and creating goals. A product of Bayern's youth system, he made his first-team breakthrough in the 2009–10 season after Louis van Gaal was appointed as the main coach; he played almost every game as the club won the league and cup double and reached the Champions League final. This accomplishment earned him an international call-up, and at the end of the season he was named in Germany's squad for the 2010 World Cup, where he scored five goals in six appearances as the team finished in third place. He was named as the Best Young Player of the tournament and won the Golden Boot as the tournament's top scorer, with five goals and three assists.
wn.com/Thomas_Müller -
Tito Vilanova
Francesc "Tito" Vilanova i Bayó (born 17 September 1969) is a Spanish retired footballer who played as a central midfielder, and the current manager of FC Barcelona.
After an unassuming professional career - only played 26 La Liga games in three years combined - he went on to work with FC Barcelona (his first club) as an assistant coach under Josep Guardiola, being part of the squads which won 14 major titles.
Vilanova was born in Bellcaire d'Empordà, Girona, Catalonia. After emerging in the youth ranks of local FC Barcelona, he left the La Liga giants in 1990, unable to break through into the first team. His next club was also in his native region, UE Figueres, with the player helping the team to its best ever second division classification, in the 1991–92 season (third place); the club would eventually face Cádiz CF in the promotion playoffs, losing 1–3 on aggregate.
Subsequently, Vilanova moved to the top level with Celta de Vigo, but appeared rarely over the course of three full seasons, returned to division two in 1995, and representing CD Badajoz, RCD Mallorca - contributing with ten games as the Balearic Islands side promoted to the top flight - UE Lleida and Elche CF, retiring at nearly 34 with lowly UDA Gramenet, in his native region.
wn.com/Tito_Vilanova -
Tomas Brolin
Per Tomas Brolin (born 29 November 1969 in Hudiksvall) is a Swedish former professional football player who had a successful period with A.C. Parma during the early nineties winning the 1992 Coppa Italia, the 1993 Cup Winners' Cup, the 1993 UEFA Super Cup and the 1995 UEFA Cup.
Brolin also played for the Swedish national team, finishing third in the 1994 World Cup and was also a beaten semi finalist at the 1992 European championship as well as having competed in the 1990 World Cup.
Although a class act in his youth, in 2007 he was voted in at Number 2 in The Times poll of the "50 Worst footballers (to grace the Premier League)", reflecting his dismal downturn in form after he signed for the English club Leeds United in 1995.
His once glittering career never recovered after the transfer to Leeds United, and by the age of 29 he had retired from playing.
Brolin's first professional match was for Näsvikens IK in 1984 at the age of 14 against Kilafors, and he went onto make 36 appearances for the fourth division club. GIF Sundsvall, spotted Brolin and offered him a contract in which he could continue his education while developing his career. In 1986 Brolin enrolled at Fotbollsgymnasiet, the football academy in Sundsvall. He was subsequently signed by GIF Sundsvall, making his first team debut in 1987 against IF Elfsborg.
wn.com/Tomas_Brolin -
Unai Emery
Unai Emery Etxegoien (born 3 November 1971 in Hondarribia, Gipuzkoa) is a Spanish football manager.
During his playing days, spent almost exclusively in Segunda División – 215 matches in seven years – he operated as a left midfielder. He subsequently embarked on a managerial career.
Emery was a youth graduate of Real Sociedad, but never really broke into the first team (aged 24, he appeared in five La Liga matches, scoring against Albacete Balompié) and, after that, resumed his career mostly in the second level.
He retired with Lorca Deportiva CF at the age of 32, after one season in Segunda División B.
As he was seriously injured in the knee while at Lorca in the 2004–05 season, Emery was offered the vacant manager spot by the club president, and immediately helped the club achieve promotion to the second division for the first time in its history, while beating top level side Málaga CF in the Spanish Cup.
In his second season, the Murcian club's first ever in the second division, the side finished fifth with 69 points, only five points off promotion to the top division; it suffered relegation the following campaign, after the manager's departure.
wn.com/Unai_Emery -
Vicente del Bosque
Vicente del Bosque González, 1st Marquis of Del Bosque (Spanish pronunciation: [biˈθente ðel ˈβoske ɣonˈθaleθ]; born 23 December 1950) is a former Spanish footballer. He is currently the manager of the Spanish national football team. After taking over from Luis Aragonés who had led Spain to European success in Euro 2008, Del Bosque went on to manage the national team to the conquest of their first-ever World Cup in 2010. Del Bosque is also known for having coached Real Madrid from 1999 to 2003, the most successful period in the club's modern era. He has worked for many years with assistant coach Toni Grande. Along with Italian Marcello Lippi, they are the only football managers who have won both the UEFA Champions League and the World Cup.
As a player, Del Bosque was a midfielder who played in La Liga 441 times with 30 goals. This career included spells at Castilla CF, Córdoba, Castellón, and Real Madrid. He won five league titles (1974–75, 1975–76, 1977–78, 1978–79, 1979–80) and four Copa del Rey titles (1973–74, 1974–75, 1979–80, 1981–82) with Real Madrid.
wn.com/Vicente_del_Bosque -
Vicente Rodríguez
Vicente Rodríguez Guillén (Spanish pronunciation: [biˈθente roˈðɾiɣeθ ɡiˈʎen]; born 16 July 1981 in Valencia), known as Vicente, nicknamed El puñal de Benicalap (The dagger of Benicalap), is a Spanish footballer who plays for Brighton & Hove Albion in England.
An old-school left winger with outstanding technique, pace and netting ability, his career, blighted by constant injuries, was mainly associated with Valencia with which he appeared in 328 official games over the course of 11 seasons, winning five major titles, including two La Liga championships.
Vicente represented Spain at full international level during the first half of the 2000s, and played at Euro 2004.
A Valencia CF supporter since childhood, Vicente started his professional career in the community, with second division side Levante UD, making his professional debut on 23 November 1997 against CD Leganés, only 16.
He immediately attracted attention of leading teams like Arsenal, Valencia CF and Real Madrid but, eventually, Valencia (and its sporting director Javier Subirats) convinced the youngster to sign for the club.
wn.com/Vicente_Rodríguez -
Viktor Ponedelnik
Viktor Vladimirovich Ponedelnik (Russian: Виктор Владимирович Понедельник) (born May 22, 1937 in Rostov-on-Don) is a former Soviet football player, regarded as one of the best strikers in Soviet football history.
Ponedelnik first started playing for a local team, Rostselmash, in 1956. In 1958 he switched to SKA Rostov-on-Don and was invited to join the Soviet national team. In the 1960 European Championship, the only major Championship ever won by the Soviet Union, Ponedelnik headed home the winning goal in extra time in the final game against Yugoslavia. Ponedelnik retired in 1966 after gaining weight and undergoing surgery for appendicitis. He scored 20 (according to some accounts, 21) goals in 29 games for his country.
In later years, Ponedelnik worked as a coach, a sports journalist, an editor of a sports publication, and an advisor to the President of the Russian Federation. He has received numerous awards for his contribution to Soviet and Russian sport. He is married and has three children and four grandchildren.
wn.com/Viktor_Ponedelnik -
Víctor Valdés
Víctor Valdés i Arribas (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈbiktoɾ balˈdes i aˈribas]; born 14 January 1982) is a Spanish football goalkeeper who currently plays for FC Barcelona in La Liga.
He is regarded to be one of Barcelona's better goalkeepers in franchise history, having won a total of 19 titles including five La Liga titles, three Champions League titles, and two Copa del Rey titles. He also has won the Zamora Trophy a record five times. He currently holds the club records as goalkeeper with most appearances in the league and in official competition, breaking Andoni Zubizarreta's records during the 2011–12 season. Before joining the full team in 2002–03 season, Valdés played for the youth teams and FC Barcelona B. Currently, he has a contract with Barcelona until 2014.
Born in L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, to José Manuel Valdés and Agueda Arribas and has two brothers, elder Ricardo and younger Álvaro, Valdés started his career with FC Barcelona's youth team when he joined from Peña Cinco Copas on 1 July 1992. But in September, he moved with his family to Tenerife and had to leave the club, rejoining only three years later. After returning, he made quick progress through the youth teams.
wn.com/Víctor_Valdés -
Wesley Sneijder
Wesley Sneijder (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈʋɛs.li ˈsnɛi̯.dər] ( listen); born 9 June 1984) is a Dutch footballer. He was named UEFA midfielder of the season as well as one of the three best midfielders in the world for 2010 by FIFA.
Due to his impeccable placement and confirmed ability to score from free kicks, Sneijder earned the reputation as a dead-ball specialist. With short stature, he is quick, strong on the ball, and his passing range is enhanced by his ambidexterity.
A product of the Ajax Academy, he previously played for AFC Ajax with whom he won six trophies and during which time he was awarded the Johan Cruijff Award (for best young player in the Netherlands) in 2004. He was later sold to Real Madrid for €27 million in 2007, winning La Liga in his first season with the club and later being sold to Internazionale for €15 million.
Sneijder previously represented various Youth squads for the Netherlands. He is now a regular player for the Dutch national team, having made his debut in April 2003 at the age of 18, and having represented his country at the World Cup in 2006 and 2010 as well as UEFA Euro 2004 and 2008. Individually he was awarded the 2010 Bronze Boot, the 2010 Silver Ball and included in the team of the tournament for UEFA Euro 2008 and the 2010 FIFA World Cup as well as named man of the match for six out of eleven games played by "Oranje" at these two tournaments.
wn.com/Wesley_Sneijder -
Wikipedia Persondata
wn.com/Wikipedia_Persondata -
Xabi Alonso
Xabier "Xabi" Alonso Olano (Basque pronunciation: [ˈʃabi aˈlons̺o]; born 25 November 1981) is a Spanish World Cup-winning footballer who plays for Real Madrid as a midfielder.
Alonso began his career at Real Sociedad, the main team of his home region Gipuzkoa. After a brief loan period at Eibar he returned to Sociedad where then manager John Toshack appointed Alonso as his team captain. Alonso succeeded in the role, taking Real Sociedad to second place in the 2002–03 season. He moved to Liverpool in August 2004 for £10.5 million. He won the UEFA Champions League in his first season at the club, scoring the equalising goal in the final. The following season he won the FA Cup and the FA Community Shield. He moved to Real Madrid for the start of the 2009–10 season, in a deal worth around £30 million. Internationally, Alonso has represented Spain in the Euro 2004, Euro 2008 tournaments and in the 2006 World Cup and 2010 World Cup. He made his international debut in April 2003 in a 4–0 victory against Ecuador, and he won Euro 2008 and the 2010 World Cup with Spain.
wn.com/Xabi_Alonso -
Xavi
Xavier Hernández i Creus (born 25 January 1980), commonly known as Xavi Hernández or simply Xavi (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈʃaβi]), is a Spanish footballer who plays as a central midfielder for La Liga club FC Barcelona, where he has spent his entire 15-year career.
Xavi came through La Masia, the Barcelona youth academy, at the age of 11. He made his first-team debut in 18 August 1998. Since then he has played 680 matches, scored 77 goals and made more than 160 assists for above 50 players. He was an integral part of the sextuple-winning Barcelona side in 2009, the only time which a club has achieved six titles in a year.
Since making his international debut in 2000, he has been capped 108 times for the Spanish national team, with whom he won UEFA Euro 2008 and the 2010 World Cup. He was named Player of the Tournament by UEFA at UEFA Euro 2008.
Xavi has received five Ballon d'Or nominations, and finished on third place in 2009, 2010 and 2011. He won the World Soccer Player of the Year in 2010.
wn.com/Xavi -
Yuri Zhirkov
Yuri Valentinovich Zhirkov (Russian: Ю́рий Валенти́нович Жирко́в, Jurij Valentinovič Žirkov; born 20 August 1983 in Tambov, Soviet Union) is a Russian footballer who plays for Anzhi Makhachkala and the Russian national team.
Yuri Valentinovich Zhirkov was born in Tambov, on 20 August 1983. His father, Valentin Ivanovich Zhirkov worked at the "Revtrud" factory and his mother was a postwoman. Yuri was the second child in the family. The family lived in poverty, struggling to buy basic goods such as food and clothes. He had to help his family grow vegetables during the summer so that his family could have adequate food during the winter. His first coach was Valery Sharapov who signed him for the Tambov Regional Children and Youth Sports School.
Zhirkov started his career at FC Spartak Tambov where he scored 26 goals in 74 games playing as a winger before leaving for CSKA Moscow
Zhirkov joined CSKA Moscow in January 2004. His first official game was on 7 March 2004 in the Russian Super Cup against Spartak Moscow. CSKA's 3–1 victory gave Yuri his first trophy. Zhirkov made his debut in the Champions League on 27 July against Neftchi Baku PFC. He also appeared in the third qualifying round against Rangers F.C.
wn.com/Yuri_Zhirkov -
Álvaro Arbeloa
Álvaro Arbeloa Coca (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈalβaɾo arβeˈloa ˈkoka]) (born 17 January 1983) is a Spanish World Cup winning football player currently playing for Real Madrid and the Spanish national team. He is predominantly a right back, although he can play as a central defender. During his return to Real Madrid, he has started most of the games as a right back.
Arbeloa trained with Real Madrid as a youth player, and worked his way up to the first team, making his debut in the 2004–05 season. However, he mostly played for the Real Madrid B team. He moved to Deportivo La Coruña to play first team football in La Liga in 2006, but moved to Liverpool after half a season. He cemented his place in the Liverpool first team and played in the 2007 UEFA Champions League Final, which Liverpool lost to Milan in the final. Arbeloa made 93 appearances in his three seasons at the club. He returned to Madrid in 2009 for a fee of £3,500,000.
Internationally, he made his senior debut in 2008 and has played for Spain at UEFA Euro 2008 and the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup, winning the former tournament. Also part of the winning FIFA 2010 World Cup squad.
wn.com/Álvaro_Arbeloa -
Éric Abidal
Éric Sylvain Abidal (French pronunciation: [eʁik abidal]; born 11 September 1979) is a retired French footballer who last played as a left or central defender for FC Barcelona and the France national team.
Abidal was trained at Lyon-Duchère, a team playing in the suburbs of Lyon. He started his professional career with Monaco on 16 September 2000, where he made 25 first-team appearances. He moved to Lille OSC where he was reunited with his former manager Claude Puel and earned 62 first-team appearances. At the end of 2004, he returned to his native region by joining Olympique Lyonnais, which had just won its second successive Ligue 1 championship. During his time in France he was considered "one of the best fullbacks in the Ligue 1", self confidence of this title was shown when Lyon played Manchester United: "As a defender, my aim is to infuriate the opponent," Abidal explained. "I want him to be so sick of the sight of me that he has to move somewhere else on the pitch to get away." In the Lyon defence, he played alongside other French internationals (Grégory Coupet, François Clerc, and Anthony Réveillère) and two Brazilian internationals (Cris and Caçapa).
wn.com/Éric_Abidal
Kelvin Filmography
Kelvins, The Filmography
Kelvin Filmography
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Self-taught African Teen Wows MIT
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 10:07
- Updated: 27 Dec 2012
To support Kelvin and young innovators like him, please visit www.crowdrise.com 15-Year-Old Kelvin Doe is an engineering whiz living in Sierra Leone who scours the trash bins for spare parts, which he uses to build batteries, generators and transmitters. Completely self-taught, Kelvin has created his own radio station where he broadcasts news and plays music under the moniker, DJ Focus. Kelvin became the youngest person in history to be invited to the "Visiting Practitioner's Program" at MIT. THNKR had exclusive access to Kelvin and his life-changing journey - experiencing the US for the first time, exploring incredible opportunities, contending with homesickness, and mapping out his future. Here is a link to the Bobby Fala track in the video on SoundCloud: soundcloud.com Photos courtesy of Adam Cohn (www.adamcohn.com and Paula Aguilera PRODIGIES is a bi-weekly series showcasing the youngest and brightest as they challenge themselves to reach new heights and the stories behind them. Created and produced by @radical.media, THNKR gives you extraordinary access to the people, stories, places and thinking that will change your mind. Follow THNKR on Twitter: www.twitter.com Like us on Facebook: www.facebook.com Check out our Pinterest: pinterest.com SUBSCRIBE! www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Self-taught_African_Teen_Wows_MIT
To support Kelvin and young innovators like him, please visit www.crowdrise.com 15-Year-Old Kelvin Doe is an engineering whiz living in Sierra Leone who scours the trash bins for spare parts, which he uses to build batteries, generators and transmitters. Completely self-taught, Kelvin has created his own radio station where he broadcasts news and plays music under the moniker, DJ Focus. Kelvin became the youngest person in history to be invited to the "Visiting Practitioner's Program" at MIT. THNKR had exclusive access to Kelvin and his life-changing journey - experiencing the US for the first time, exploring incredible opportunities, contending with homesickness, and mapping out his future. Here is a link to the Bobby Fala track in the video on SoundCloud: soundcloud.com Photos courtesy of Adam Cohn (www.adamcohn.com and Paula Aguilera PRODIGIES is a bi-weekly series showcasing the youngest and brightest as they challenge themselves to reach new heights and the stories behind them. Created and produced by @radical.media, THNKR gives you extraordinary access to the people, stories, places and thinking that will change your mind. Follow THNKR on Twitter: www.twitter.com Like us on Facebook: www.facebook.com Check out our Pinterest: pinterest.com SUBSCRIBE! www.youtube.com
Kelvin - Sixty Symbols
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:03
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
The Kelvin temperature scale is linked to the concept of absolute zero. More physics at www.sixtysymbols.com
http://wn.com/Kelvin_Sixty_Symbols
The Kelvin temperature scale is linked to the concept of absolute zero. More physics at www.sixtysymbols.com
- published: 27 Oct 2009
- views: 30886
- author: sixtysymbols
4 wire (Kelvin) resistance measurement tutorial
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:33
- Updated: 22 Dec 2012
How to use the 4 wire (Kelvin) resistance measurement technique to measure tiny resistances (in the milliohm range) using only a cheap multimeter!
http://wn.com/4_wire_Kelvin_resistance_measurement_tutorial
How to use the 4 wire (Kelvin) resistance measurement technique to measure tiny resistances (in the milliohm range) using only a cheap multimeter!
- published: 06 Jul 2011
- views: 25533
- author: Afrotechmods
Kelvin Taylor - SunshinePrep's
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:17
- Updated: 26 Dec 2012
Yet another sample of hundreds of 2012 and 2013 prospects in the SunshinePrep's database!!
http://wn.com/Kelvin_Taylor_SunshinePrep's
Yet another sample of hundreds of 2012 and 2013 prospects in the SunshinePrep's database!!
- published: 10 Apr 2010
- views: 81726
- author: SunshinePreps
White Balance / Degrees Kelvin - Photography Tutorial with Mike Browne
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:51
- Updated: 24 Dec 2012
An accurate white balance makes sure your pictures look great and are the correct colour. You can do this with presets on the camera or by setting the degrees kelvin. But how do you know which to use or how Kelvin which is a measure of temperature relates to photography?
http://wn.com/White_Balance_Degrees_Kelvin_Photography_Tutorial_with_Mike_Browne
An accurate white balance makes sure your pictures look great and are the correct colour. You can do this with presets on the camera or by setting the degrees kelvin. But how do you know which to use or how Kelvin which is a measure of temperature relates to photography?
- published: 14 Jan 2011
- views: 23114
- author: photoexposed
Filmmaking: Color temperature & Kelvins Explained
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:40
- Updated: 20 Dec 2012
Visit our blog to learn more: www.lightsfilmschool.com Learn how to achieve the best color in your independent films. This video discusses different color temperatures and the reasons why you shouldn't mix them. We look at both outdoor 5600K and indoor 3200K (tungsten) and we show examples of them both. We also discuss CTO gels and CTB gels and discuss the different effects of warm and cool lighting on your films.
http://wn.com/Filmmaking_Color_temperature_Kelvins_Explained
Visit our blog to learn more: www.lightsfilmschool.com Learn how to achieve the best color in your independent films. This video discusses different color temperatures and the reasons why you shouldn't mix them. We look at both outdoor 5600K and indoor 3200K (tungsten) and we show examples of them both. We also discuss CTO gels and CTB gels and discuss the different effects of warm and cool lighting on your films.
- published: 06 Mar 2009
- views: 35653
- author: LightsFilmSchool
Kutt Calhoun - The Making Of The 'Kelvin' EP (1 of 2) - Behind The Scenes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
Pre-order Kutt Calhoun - 'Kelvin' EP - bit.ly Catch a look of Kutt Calhoun doing what he does best as he hits up the studio to make his 'Kelvin' EP. This video also features producer Seven, who produced the 'Kelvin' EP. Like Kutt Calhoun on Facebook www.facebook.com Follow Kutt Calhoun on Twitter twitter.com
http://wn.com/Kutt_Calhoun_The_Making_Of_The_'Kelvin'_EP_1_of_2_Behind_The_Scenes
Pre-order Kutt Calhoun - 'Kelvin' EP - bit.ly Catch a look of Kutt Calhoun doing what he does best as he hits up the studio to make his 'Kelvin' EP. This video also features producer Seven, who produced the 'Kelvin' EP. Like Kutt Calhoun on Facebook www.facebook.com Follow Kutt Calhoun on Twitter twitter.com
- published: 05 Sep 2012
- views: 22026
- author: StrangeMusicInc
Meet Kelvin, Smitten Ice Cream's Liquid Nitrogen Machine
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 12:14
- Updated: 27 Dec 2012
Smitten in San Francisco makes fresh ice cream on the spot with a custom-built liquid nitrogen ice cream machine. Its founder Robyn Sue geeks out about the science of ice cream and explains how Smitten's system makes extra creamy desserts with no preservatives.
http://wn.com/Meet_Kelvin,_Smitten_Ice_Cream's_Liquid_Nitrogen_Machine
Smitten in San Francisco makes fresh ice cream on the spot with a custom-built liquid nitrogen ice cream machine. Its founder Robyn Sue geeks out about the science of ice cream and explains how Smitten's system makes extra creamy desserts with no preservatives.
- published: 10 Oct 2012
- views: 13214
- author: testedcom
Fifa 13 Ultimate Team - Kelvin Player Review
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:21
- Updated: 26 Dec 2012
Hopefully the sub boxes will be working properly today so everyone gets to see this review of Kelvin, the Brazil Silver right winger from Porto. Outro Music: www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Fifa_13_Ultimate_Team_Kelvin_Player_Review
Hopefully the sub boxes will be working properly today so everyone gets to see this review of Kelvin, the Brazil Silver right winger from Porto. Outro Music: www.youtube.com
- published: 31 Oct 2012
- views: 6249
- author: Lparker77
Innocence by Kelvin Hsu
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:03
- Updated: 08 Dec 2012
Toview in better quality click on High Quality Link - www.youtube.com As a member of Composer's Forum you hear some new songs that you want to hear over and over again. Looking at the composer's profile I saw also that he is a member here at YouTube. After watching his videos and listening to his music I could think on one thing, making videos with his music. So here is the first one by Kelvin Hsu and he dedicate this song in his own channel www.youtube.com to one of his mentors. The song is called Innocence and I have choose for a story line about a child who is growing up without loosing her Innocence. Honors for this video (3) 01-05-2009 #14 - Most Discussed (Today) - Music - Netherlands #15 - Top Favorited (Today) - Music - Netherlands #10 - Top Rated (Today) - Music - Netherlands Honors for this video (5) 02-05-2009 #6 - Most Discussed (Today) - Music - Netherlands #18 - Top Favorited (Today) - Music - Netherlands #78 - Top Rated (Today) - Netherlands #6 - Top Rated (Today) - Music - Netherlands #70 - Top Rated (This Week) - Music - Netherlands
http://wn.com/Innocence_by_Kelvin_Hsu
Toview in better quality click on High Quality Link - www.youtube.com As a member of Composer's Forum you hear some new songs that you want to hear over and over again. Looking at the composer's profile I saw also that he is a member here at YouTube. After watching his videos and listening to his music I could think on one thing, making videos with his music. So here is the first one by Kelvin Hsu and he dedicate this song in his own channel www.youtube.com to one of his mentors. The song is called Innocence and I have choose for a story line about a child who is growing up without loosing her Innocence. Honors for this video (3) 01-05-2009 #14 - Most Discussed (Today) - Music - Netherlands #15 - Top Favorited (Today) - Music - Netherlands #10 - Top Rated (Today) - Music - Netherlands Honors for this video (5) 02-05-2009 #6 - Most Discussed (Today) - Music - Netherlands #18 - Top Favorited (Today) - Music - Netherlands #78 - Top Rated (Today) - Netherlands #6 - Top Rated (Today) - Music - Netherlands #70 - Top Rated (This Week) - Music - Netherlands
- published: 01 May 2009
- views: 103908
- author: Truus1949
Viktor Schauberger : Lord Kelvin Water Drop Electrostatic Generator
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:19
- Updated: 26 Dec 2012
Epistemology / Research - By: (Me) Nicholas Ellis @ www.youtube.com/sn1pe352 ------------------------------------------------ Analysis of how current flows. Electric Circuits The work of Wheatstone, Ohm, and Kirchhoff Produced by the California Institute of Technology 1985. video.google.com ------------------------------------------------ Questions by Viktor Schauberger ATMOSPHERE Why doesn't the Earth's warm air rise? Why is it so cold at the top of a mountain, ie nearer the sun? Why in our houses is it warmer nearer the ceiling and colder at the floor, when an artificial source of heat is used? Why does marble expand with heat and why doesn't it contract again with cold? EVAPORATION Why is the desert so dead despite all the heat? Why do damp tiled roofs dry out from the eaves towards the ridge? WATER Why does the groundwater in walls rise far above the surface of the ground? Why don't wooden posts rot under water, but above it always? Why can rising cold water pierce through the hardest rock? Why does water pulsate and breathe? Why does groundwater manage to remain on the sides of mountains? Why, growing colder and heavier, does it rise upwards? Why does it frequently spring from high peaks? RIVERS Why do west-to-east flowing watercourses fertilize their banks? Why are the banks of east-to-west flowing rivers so barren? Why are the banks of south-to-north flowing watercourses fertile on one side only? Why do rivers flowing into cold seas migrate laterally to the north ...
http://wn.com/Viktor_Schauberger_Lord_Kelvin_Water_Drop_Electrostatic_Generator
Epistemology / Research - By: (Me) Nicholas Ellis @ www.youtube.com/sn1pe352 ------------------------------------------------ Analysis of how current flows. Electric Circuits The work of Wheatstone, Ohm, and Kirchhoff Produced by the California Institute of Technology 1985. video.google.com ------------------------------------------------ Questions by Viktor Schauberger ATMOSPHERE Why doesn't the Earth's warm air rise? Why is it so cold at the top of a mountain, ie nearer the sun? Why in our houses is it warmer nearer the ceiling and colder at the floor, when an artificial source of heat is used? Why does marble expand with heat and why doesn't it contract again with cold? EVAPORATION Why is the desert so dead despite all the heat? Why do damp tiled roofs dry out from the eaves towards the ridge? WATER Why does the groundwater in walls rise far above the surface of the ground? Why don't wooden posts rot under water, but above it always? Why can rising cold water pierce through the hardest rock? Why does water pulsate and breathe? Why does groundwater manage to remain on the sides of mountains? Why, growing colder and heavier, does it rise upwards? Why does it frequently spring from high peaks? RIVERS Why do west-to-east flowing watercourses fertilize their banks? Why are the banks of east-to-west flowing rivers so barren? Why are the banks of south-to-north flowing watercourses fertile on one side only? Why do rivers flowing into cold seas migrate laterally to the north ...
- published: 22 Jun 2009
- views: 32477
- author: sn1pe352
Chris Bryant Demolishes Kelvin Mackenzie over Hillsborough
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:42
- Updated: 25 Dec 2012
It's quite funny when kelvin loses it......
http://wn.com/Chris_Bryant_Demolishes_Kelvin_Mackenzie_over_Hillsborough
It's quite funny when kelvin loses it......
- published: 08 Dec 2011
- views: 60772
- author: TheNorwichExperience
Kutt Calhoun - The Making Of The 'Kelvin' EP (2 of 2) - Behind The Scenes
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:34
- Updated: 15 Dec 2012
Pre-order Kutt Calhoun - 'Kelvin' EP - bit.ly Catch a look of Kutt Calhoun doing what he does best as he hits up the studio to make his 'Kelvin' EP. This video also features producer Seven, who produced the 'Kelvin' EP. Like Kutt Calhoun on Facebook www.facebook.com Follow Kutt Calhoun on Twitter twitter.com
http://wn.com/Kutt_Calhoun_The_Making_Of_The_'Kelvin'_EP_2_of_2_Behind_The_Scenes
Pre-order Kutt Calhoun - 'Kelvin' EP - bit.ly Catch a look of Kutt Calhoun doing what he does best as he hits up the studio to make his 'Kelvin' EP. This video also features producer Seven, who produced the 'Kelvin' EP. Like Kutt Calhoun on Facebook www.facebook.com Follow Kutt Calhoun on Twitter twitter.com
- published: 10 Sep 2012
- views: 15471
- author: StrangeMusicInc
Contact Juggling Kelvin Kalvus
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:38
- Updated: 27 Dec 2012
half showpart from "Best of... Kelvin Kalvus 2010"
http://wn.com/Contact_Juggling_Kelvin_Kalvus
half showpart from "Best of... Kelvin Kalvus 2010"
- published: 03 Jan 2010
- views: 392554
- author: MrKelvinKalvus
Kelvin aan de alcohol?:O (13)
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:14
- Updated: 26 Dec 2012
Zeker wel! Bedankt allemaal voor jullie support! Tot volgende week! (Y) Rate,Comment,Sub,Fave
http://wn.com/Kelvin_aan_de_alcohol?O_13
Zeker wel! Bedankt allemaal voor jullie support! Tot volgende week! (Y) Rate,Comment,Sub,Fave
- published: 12 May 2010
- views: 64527
- author: TheKelvlog
Prodigy from Sierra Leone Builds Battery
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:43
- Updated: 27 Dec 2012
Kelvin Doe, a self-taught 15-year-old inventor from Sierra Leone, shows the THNKR viewers how he builds a DIY battery. Help foster innovation among gifted children like Kelvin through Innovate Salone: www.crowdrise.com PRODIGIES is a bi-weekly series showcasing the youngest and brightest as they challenge themselves to reach new heights and the stories behind them. Created and produced by @radical.media, THNKR gives you extraordinary access to the people, stories, places and thinking that will change your mind. Follow THNKR on Twitter: www.twitter.com Like us on Facebook: www.facebook.com Check out our Pinterest: pinterest.com SUBSCRIBE! www.youtube.com
http://wn.com/Prodigy_from_Sierra_Leone_Builds_Battery
Kelvin Doe, a self-taught 15-year-old inventor from Sierra Leone, shows the THNKR viewers how he builds a DIY battery. Help foster innovation among gifted children like Kelvin through Innovate Salone: www.crowdrise.com PRODIGIES is a bi-weekly series showcasing the youngest and brightest as they challenge themselves to reach new heights and the stories behind them. Created and produced by @radical.media, THNKR gives you extraordinary access to the people, stories, places and thinking that will change your mind. Follow THNKR on Twitter: www.twitter.com Like us on Facebook: www.facebook.com Check out our Pinterest: pinterest.com SUBSCRIBE! www.youtube.com
- published: 21 Nov 2012
- views: 46666
- author: thnkrtv
Dew Tour - Kelvin Hoefler Solo Run - Portland Skateboard Street Finals
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:40
- Updated: 06 Dec 2012
Watch Kelvin Hoefler's Run 1 during the Skateboard Street Finals at the Portland Invitational 2011 in Portland, OR.
http://wn.com/Dew_Tour_Kelvin_Hoefler_Solo_Run_Portland_Skateboard_Street_Finals
Watch Kelvin Hoefler's Run 1 during the Skateboard Street Finals at the Portland Invitational 2011 in Portland, OR.
- published: 13 Aug 2011
- views: 18991
- author: DewTourLive
FUT 13 Squad Builder - 210K Hybrid ft. Kelvin, Reus and David Villa
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:19
- Updated: 27 Dec 2012
►►► WATCH ME SHIT MYSELF! - bit.ly ◄◄◄ FUTHEAD - www.futhead.com Twitter Page - www.twitter.com T-Shirts! - www.redbubble.com Facebook Page - www.facebook.com Tumblr - www.ironicjenkins.tumblr.com
http://wn.com/FUT_13_Squad_Builder_210K_Hybrid_ft_Kelvin,_Reus_and_David_Villa
►►► WATCH ME SHIT MYSELF! - bit.ly ◄◄◄ FUTHEAD - www.futhead.com Twitter Page - www.twitter.com T-Shirts! - www.redbubble.com Facebook Page - www.facebook.com Tumblr - www.ironicjenkins.tumblr.com
- published: 10 Oct 2012
- views: 32959
- author: Injenktion
Hatton TV - Kelvin Young v Dean Walker
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 18:14
- Updated: 07 Mar 2012
A middleweight contest between Swindon's Kelvin Young & Sheffield's Dean Walker at the Olympiad Leisure Centre in Chippenham. Part of the KM Promotions show on 30th April 2011. For further bouts from the show visit hattonboxing.com
http://wn.com/Hatton_TV_Kelvin_Young_v_Dean_Walker
A middleweight contest between Swindon's Kelvin Young & Sheffield's Dean Walker at the Olympiad Leisure Centre in Chippenham. Part of the KM Promotions show on 30th April 2011. For further bouts from the show visit hattonboxing.com
- published: 02 May 2011
- views: 2808
- author: Hattonboxing
"Thank You Lord" Performed by Andrew Gouche, Kelvin Wooten & Norris Jones
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 14:09
- Updated: 23 Dec 2012
Andrew Gouche (bass), Kelvin Wooten (keys), Norris Jones (Guitar), PJ Spraggins (Drums), & Joseph Stallworth Performing, "Thank You Lord" during the Musician's Workshop Concert @ the Indian Creek Baptist Church on 11-12-11.
http://wn.com/Thank_You_Lord_Performed_by_Andrew_Gouche,_Kelvin_Wooten_Norris_Jones
Andrew Gouche (bass), Kelvin Wooten (keys), Norris Jones (Guitar), PJ Spraggins (Drums), & Joseph Stallworth Performing, "Thank You Lord" during the Musician's Workshop Concert @ the Indian Creek Baptist Church on 11-12-11.
- published: 16 Nov 2011
- views: 19600
- author: goldenmellow
Pedro Barros e Kelvin Kowalski Bowl A Rama 2012
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:42
- Updated: 24 Dec 2012
Pedro wins Bowl A Rama 2012
http://wn.com/Pedro_Barros_e_Kelvin_Kowalski_Bowl_A_Rama_2012
Kutt Calhoun - Strange $ - Official Music Video
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:05
- Updated: 27 Dec 2012
Purchase Kutt Calhoun - 'Kelvin' on iTunes - bit.ly Kutt Calhoun - Strange $ - Official Music Video Like Kutt Calhoun on Facebook www.facebook.com Follow Kutt Calhoun on Twitter twitter.com Directed By - Anthony Devera
http://wn.com/Kutt_Calhoun_Strange_Official_Music_Video
Purchase Kutt Calhoun - 'Kelvin' on iTunes - bit.ly Kutt Calhoun - Strange $ - Official Music Video Like Kutt Calhoun on Facebook www.facebook.com Follow Kutt Calhoun on Twitter twitter.com Directed By - Anthony Devera
- published: 02 Oct 2012
- views: 185289
- author: StrangeMusicInc
Kelvin Taylor - The Chosen One
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:38
- Updated: 26 Dec 2012
High School Highlights of Florida Gators commit Running Back Kelvin Taylor
http://wn.com/Kelvin_Taylor_The_Chosen_One
High School Highlights of Florida Gators commit Running Back Kelvin Taylor
- published: 30 Apr 2012
- views: 67121
- author: taylor gang
photo: Creative Commons / Axou
24 Dec 2012
Steve Jobs was controversial in life, and now his high-tech mega-yacht is associated with a controversy long after his death. The former Apple CEO's ship was impounded in Amsterdam in the middle of a financial battle over a disputed bill. Phillippe Starck, a French product designer and architect, has alleged that Jobs' heirs owe him 3 million euros for his work on Venus, the 256-foot yacht Jobs commissioned before his death ... ... ....(size: 2.6Kb)
photo: WN / Janice Sabnal
27 Dec 2012
Washington. Six people, including two young children, were left dead in weather-related accidents, as winter snowstorms complicated travel for many Americans in the Midwest and Northeast on Wednesday. Snow totals in parts of Indiana ranged from 6 to 12 inches, CNN reported. About 350 snowploughs were clearing roads throughout the city. New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo told residents they should avoid nonessential travel ... IANS ... ....(size: 2.2Kb)
photo: AP / Khalil Hamra, File
26 Dec 2012
Cairo • The official approval of Egypt’s disputed, Islamist-backed constitution Tuesday held out little hope of stabilizing the country after two years of turmoil and Islamist President Mohammed Morsi may now face a more immediate crisis with the economy falling deeper into distress ... Join the Discussion. The battle over the constitution left Egypt deeply polarized at a time when the government is increasingly cash-strapped ... The U.S ... " ... ....(size: 5.7Kb)
photo: AP / Adel Hana
25 Dec 2012
Thousands of Christians from the world over have packed Manger Square in Bethlehem to celebrate the birth of Jesus in the ancient West Bank town where he was born. For their Palestinian hosts, this holiday season was an especially joyous one, with the hardships of the Israeli occupation that so often clouded previous Christmas Eve celebrations eased by the United Nations' recent recognition of an independent state of Palestine ... - AP. ....(size: 9.3Kb)
Belfast Telegraph
27 Dec 2012
Southampton manager Nigel Adkins offered no words of comfort to goalkeeper Kelvin Davis after his mistake at Fulham ... "Some of Kelvin's distribution was outstanding yet again," the Southampton boss said. "Kelvin has had a very quiet afternoon when you look at it ... Kelvin has got the shirt at the moment."...(size: 1.5Kb)
Nigel Adkins admits Saints' number one keeper Kelvin Davis should have done better at Craven Cottage
Sky Sports27 Dec 2012
Southampton boss Nigel Adkins did not offer Kelvin Davis any consolation following his goalkeeping error at Craven Cottage on Boxing Day ... "Some of Kelvin's distribution was outstanding yet again," the Southampton boss said. "Kelvin has had a very quiet afternoon when you look at it ... "The conditions are what they are ... He said ... "On the training ground they are working really hard and Kelvin has got the shirt at the moment." ... Share. ....(size: 2.4Kb)
Sky Sports
27 Dec 2012
Southampton boss Nigel Adkins did not offer Kelvin Davis any consolation following his goalkeeping error at Craven Cottage on Boxing Day ... "Some of Kelvin's distribution was outstanding yet again," the Southampton boss said. "Kelvin has had a very quiet afternoon when you look at it. He has not really had that many things to go and do ... "On the training ground they are working really hard and Kelvin has got the shirt at the moment." ... Share....(size: 2.4Kb)
Sporting Life
27 Dec 2012
Player Profile. 1. Kelvin Davis. Title Number Appearances 8 (0) Goals 0 Assists 0 Yellows 0 Reds 0 *Current Season ... "Some of Kelvin's distribution was outstanding yet again," the Southampton boss said. "Kelvin has had a very quiet afternoon when you look at it. He has not really had that many things to go and do ... You can't complain about it." ... "On the training ground they are working really hard and Kelvin has got the shirt at the moment." ... ....(size: 2.9Kb)
noodls
27 Dec 2012
Southampton manager Nigel Adkins offered no words of comfort to goalkeeper Kelvin Davis after his mistake at Fulham ... "Some of Kelvin's distribution was outstanding yet again," the Southampton boss said. "Kelvin has had a very quiet afternoon when you look at it ......(size: 1.7Kb)
The Times of India
27 Dec 2012
noodls
27 Dec 2012
Newstrack India
27 Dec 2012
Tweet ... The young woman was admitted to the Mount Elizabeth Hospital in Singapore early Thursday. The hospital's chief executive Kelvin Loh said in a statement in the evening that the patient remains in "an extremely critical condition" ... in the morning "in an extremely critical condition", said the hospital spokesperson ... null ... ) .. ). ... . . . . . .. . . .. ....(size: 2.4Kb)
Deccan Chronicle
27 Dec 2012
. Singapore ... A bulletin issued this evening by the hospital said ... She is under treatment at Mount Elizabeth Hospital's Intensive Care Unit.". "A multi-disciplinary team of specialists is taking care of her and doing everything possible to stabilise her condition," said Dr Kelvin Loh, Chief Executive Officer of the Mount Elizabeth Hospital ... ....(size: 1.5Kb)
Otago Daily Times
27 Dec 2012
In the first quarter there were 38 sales in Otago, in the second 36, and in the third 26 ... Real Estate Institute of New Zealand (REINZ) Queenstown spokesman Kelvin Collins said the figures were showing the market had stabilised with most mortgagee sales the ''clean-up'' of developers who got caught in the economic downturn three years ago ... ....(size: 2.0Kb)
Indian Express
27 Dec 2012
A bulletin issued this evening by the hospital said. "As at 7pm (4.30pm IST) the patient remains in an extremely critical condition ... "A multi-disciplinary team of specialists is taking care of her and doing everything possible to stabilise her condition," said Dr Kelvin Loh, Chief Executive Officer of the Mount Elizabeth Hospital ... contd. PAGE. 12 . Single Page Format ....(size: 1.7Kb)
BBC News
27 Dec 2012
Dundee striker John Baird does not want to see Celtic defender Kelvin Wilson punished for catching him with his arm - despite initially fearing he had lost his teeth. Baird was angered by the incident just before half-time in his side's 2-0 defeat but admitted he had brought it on himself by pulling the centre-back. "I thought I had lost my teeth," said Baird ... Share this story ... print. ....(size: 3.5Kb)
Khaleej Times
27 Dec 2012
NEW DELHI - Even as doctors in Singapore battled on Thursday to save the life of an Indian student who sustained horrific injuries in a gang rape, the news of another woman allegedly gang-raped and dumped in south Delhi late on Wednesday shocked India ... The teenager was found dead on Wednesday night after swallowing poison ... Dr Kelvin Loh, chief executive officer at the hospital, said in a statement ... ....(size: 2.0Kb)
This article is about the unit of temperature. For other uses, see Kelvin (disambiguation).
| from Kelvin | to Kelvin | |
|---|---|---|
| Celsius | [°C] = [K] − 273.15 | [K] = [°C] + 273.15 |
| Fahrenheit | [°F] = [K] × 9⁄5 − 459.67 | [K] = ([°F] + 459.67) × 5⁄9 |
| Rankine | [°R] = [K] × 9⁄5 | [K] = [°R] × 5⁄9 |
| For temperature intervals rather than specific temperatures, 1 K = 1 °C = 9⁄5 °F = 9⁄5 °R Comparisons among various temperature scales |
||
The kelvin is a unit of measurement for temperature. It is one of the seven base units in the International System of Units (SI) and is assigned the unit symbol K. The Kelvin scale is an absolute, thermodynamic temperature scale using as its null point absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases in the classical description of thermodynamics. The kelvin is defined as the fraction 1⁄273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water (273.16 K (0.01 °C; 32.02 °F)).[1]
The Kelvin scale is named after the Belfast-born, Glasgow University engineer and physicist William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin (1824–1907), who wrote of the need for an "absolute thermometric scale". Unlike the degree Fahrenheit and degree Celsius, the kelvin is not referred to or typeset as a degree. The kelvin is the primary unit of measurement in the physical sciences, but is often used in conjunction with the degree Celsius, which has the same magnitude. Subtracting 273.16 K from the triple point of water (0.01 °C) makes absolute zero (0 K) equivalent to −273.15 °C (−459.67 °F).
Contents |
History[link]
- 1848
- Lord Kelvin (William Thomson), wrote in his paper, On an Absolute Thermometric Scale, of the need for a scale whereby "infinite cold" (absolute zero) was the scale's null point, and which used the degree Celsius for its unit increment. Thomson calculated that absolute zero was equivalent to −273 °C on the air thermometers of the time.[2] This absolute scale is known today as the Kelvin thermodynamic temperature scale. Thomson's value of "−273" was the reciprocal of 0.00366—the accepted expansion coefficient of gas per degree Celsius relative to the ice point, giving a remarkable consistency to the currently accepted value.
- 1954
- Resolution 3 of the 10th CGPM gave the Kelvin scale its modern definition by designating the triple point of water as its second defining point and assigned its temperature to exactly 273.16 kelvin.[3]
- 1967/1968
- Resolution 3 of the 13th CGPM renamed the unit increment of thermodynamic temperature "kelvin", symbol K, replacing "degree absolute", symbol °K.[4] Furthermore, feeling it useful to more explicitly define the magnitude of the unit increment, the 13th CGPM also held in Resolution 4 that "The kelvin, unit of thermodynamic temperature, is equal to the fraction 1⁄273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water."[1]
- 2005
- The Comité International des Poids et Mesures (CIPM), a committee of the CGPM, affirmed that for the purposes of delineating the temperature of the triple point of water, the definition of the Kelvin thermodynamic temperature scale would refer to water having an isotopic composition specified as VSMOW.[5]
Usage conventions[link]
When reference is made to the unit kelvin (either a specific temperature or a temperature interval), kelvin is always spelled with a lowercase k unless it is the first word in a sentence.[6] When reference is made to the "Kelvin scale", the word "kelvin"—which is normally a noun—functions adjectivally to modify the noun "scale" and is capitalized.
Until the 13th General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) in 1967–1968, the unit kelvin was called a "degree", the same as with the other temperature scales at the time. It was distinguished from the other scales with either the adjective suffix "Kelvin" ("degree Kelvin") or with "absolute" ("degree absolute") and its symbol was °K. The latter (degree absolute), which was the unit's official name from 1948 until 1954, was rather ambiguous since it could also be interpreted as referring to the Rankine scale. Before the 13th CGPM, the plural form was "degrees absolute". The 13th CGPM changed the name to simply "kelvin" (symbol K).[7] The omission of "degree" indicates that it is not relative to an arbitrary reference point like the Celsius and Fahrenheit scales (although for some reason, the Rankine scale continued to use "degree Rankine"), but rather an absolute unit of measure which can be manipulated algebraically (e.g., multiplied by two to indicate twice the amount of "mean energy" available among elementary degrees of freedom of the system). The singular "kelvin" should be used for any quantity of temperature (e.g., water freezes at 273.15 kelvin).[3]
This SI unit is named after William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin. As with every International System of Units (SI) unit whose name is derived from the proper name of a person, the first letter of its symbol is upper case (K). When an SI unit is spelled out in English, it should always begin with a lower case letter (kelvin), except where any word would be capitalized, such as at the beginning of a sentence or in capitalized material such as a title. Note that "degree Celsius" conforms to this rule because the "d" is lowercase. —Based on The International System of Units, section 5.2. The kelvin symbol is always a roman, non-italic capital K. In the SI naming convention, all symbols named after a person are capitalized; in the case of the kelvin, capitalizing also distinguishes the symbol from the SI prefix "kilo-", which has the lowercase k as its symbol. The admonition against italicizing the symbol K applies to all SI unit symbols; only symbols for quantities and constants (e.g., P = pressure, and c = 299,792,458 m/s) are italicized in scientific and engineering papers. As with most other SI unit symbols (angle symbols, e.g. 45°3′4″, are the exception) there is a space between the numeric value and the kelvin symbol (e.g., "99.987 K").[8][9]
Unicode provides a compatibility character for the kelvin at U+212A (decimal 8490), for compatibility with CJK encodings that provide such a character (as such, in most fonts the width is the same as for fullwidth characters).
Use in conjunction with Celsius[link]
In science and in engineering, the Celsius scale and the kelvin are often used simultaneously in the same article (e.g., "...its measured value was 0.01028 °C with an uncertainty of 60 µK..."). This practice is permissible because the degree Celsius is a special name for the kelvin for use in expressing Celsius temperatures and the magnitude of the degree Celsius is exactly equal to that of the kelvin.[10] Notwithstanding that the official endorsement provided by Resolution 3 of the 13th CGPM states, "a temperature interval may also be expressed in degrees Celsius", the practice of simultaneously using both "°C" and "K" remains widespread throughout the scientific world as the use of SI prefixed forms of the degree Celsius (such as "µ°C" or "microdegrees Celsius") to express a temperature interval has not been widely adopted.[4]
Proposed redefinition[link]
Main article: New SI definitions
In 2005 the CIPM embarked on a program to redefine, amongst others, the kelvin using a more rigorous basis than was in use. The current (2010) definition is unsatisfactory for temperatures below 20 K and above 1300 K.[11] It is anticipated that the program will be completed in time for its adoption by the CGPM at its 2011 meeting. The committee proposes defining the kelvin as the temperature scale for which Boltzmann's constant is 1.3806505×10−23 J/K exactly.[12]
From a scientific point of view, this will link temperature to the rest of SI and result in a stable definition that is independent of any particular substance. From a practical point of view, the redefinition will pass unnoticed; water will still freeze at 0 °C (32 °F, 273.15 K).[13]
Practical uses[link]
Colour temperature[link]
Main article: Colour temperature
See also: Stefan–Boltzmann constant
The kelvin is often used in the measure of the colour temperature of light sources. Colour temperature is based upon the principle that a black body radiator emits light whose colour depends on the temperature of the radiator. Black bodies with temperatures below about 4000 K appear reddish whereas those above about 7500 K appear bluish. Colour temperature is important in the fields of image projection and photography where a colour temperature of approximately 5600 K is required to match "daylight" film emulsions. In astronomy, the stellar classification of stars and their place on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram are based, in part, upon their surface temperature, known as effective temperature. The photosphere of the Sun, for instance, has an effective temperature of 5778 K.
Kelvin as a measure of noise[link]
Main article: Noise figure
In electronics, the kelvin is used as an indicator of how noisy a circuit is in relation to an ultimate noise floor, i.e. the noise temperature. The so-called Johnson–Nyquist noise of discrete resistors and capacitors is a type of thermal noise derived from the Boltzmann constant and can be used to determine the noise temperature of a circuit using the Friis formulas for noise.
Temperature conversion between units[link]
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See also[link]
- Comparison of temperature scales
- International Temperature Scale of 1990
- Negative temperature
- Rankine scale
- Thermodynamic temperature
- Triple point
References[link]
- ^ a b "Resolution 4: Definition of the SI unit of thermodynamic temperature (kelvin)". Resolutions of the 13th CGPM. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. 1967. http://www.bipm.fr/en/CGPM/db/13/4/. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ^ Thomson, William (October 1848). "On an Absolute Thermometric Scale". Philosophical Magazine. http://zapatopi.net/kelvin/papers/on_an_absolute_thermometric_scale.html. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ^ a b "Resolution 3: Definition of the thermodynamic temperature scale". Resolutions of the 10th CGPM. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. 1954. http://www.bipm.fr/en/CGPM/db/10/3/. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ^ a b "Resolution 3: SI unit of thermodynamic temperature (kelvin)". Resolutions of the 13th CGPM. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. 1967. http://www.bipm.fr/en/CGPM/db/13/3/. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ^ "Unit of thermodynamic temperature (kelvin)". SI Brochure, 8th edition. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. 1967. pp. Section 2.1.1.5. http://www1.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-1/2-1-1/kelvin.html. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ^ BIPM: SI brochure, Section 5.2
- ^ Barry N. Taylor (2008) (.PDF). Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI). Special Publication 811. National Institute of Standards and Technology. http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/pdf/sp811.pdf. Retrieved 2011-03-05.
- ^ "SI Unit rules and style conventions". National Institute of Standards and Technology. September 2004. http://physics.nist.gov/cuu/Units/checklist.html. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ^ "Rules and style conventions for expressing values of quantities". SI Brochure, 8th edition. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. 1967. pp. Section 5.3.3. http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter5/5-3-2.html#5-3-3. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ^ "Units with special names and symbols; units that incorporate special names and symbols". SI Brochure, 8th edition. Bureau International des Poids et Mesures. 2006. pp. Section 2.2.2, Table 3. http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-2/table3.html. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
- ^ J. Fischer1 et al (2007-05-02). "Report to the CIPM on the implications of changing the definition of the base unit Kelvin". International Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM). http://www.bipm.org/wg/CCT/TG-SI/Allowed/Documents/Report_to_CIPM_2.pdf. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
- ^ Ian Mills (29 September 2010). "Draft Chapter 2 for SI Brochure, following redefinitions of the base units". CCU. http://www.bipm.org/utils/en/pdf/si_brochure_draft_ch2.pdf. Retrieved 2011-01-01.
- ^ "Updating the definition of the kelvin". International Bureau for Weights and Measures (BIPM). http://www.bipm.org/wg/CCT/TG-SI/Allowed/Documents/Updating_the_definition_of_the_kelvin2.pdf. Retrieved 2010-02-23.
External links[link]
 |
Look up kelvin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. |
- Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (2006). The International System of Units (SI) Brochure. 8th Edition. International Committee for Weights and Measures. http://www.bipm.org/utils/common/pdf/si_brochure_8_en.pdf. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
| Kutt Calhoun | |
|---|---|
 Kutt Calhoun at release signing for Tech N9ne's Killer on July 1, 2008 |
|
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Melvin Calhoun Jr. |
| Also known as | Cutt Dawg, Bloody Kutty Cal, Bloody Kutty |
| Origin | Kansas City, Missouri, United States |
| Genres | Hip hop |
| Instruments | rapping |
| Years active | 1998–present |
| Labels | Strange Music |
| Associated acts | Tech N9ne Skatterman & Snug Brim Deuce Klik Krizz Kaliko 816 Boyz |
| Website | www.Kutt.com |
Melvin Calhoun Jr., better known by his stage name Kutt Calhoun, is an American rapper from Kansas City, Missouri. His second album, Feature Presentation, debuted at #60 on the Billboard "Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums" chart in its first week of release.[1] His third album, Raw and Un-Kutt, performed better on the charts and debuted at #162 on the "Billboard 200" chart in its first week of release.[2]
Contents |
Career[link]
[edit] B.L.E.V.E.
Kutt would release his debut album, B.L.E.V.E. (standing for Boiling Liquid Expanding Viscous Explosion), on August 10, 2004. The album features several appearances by the man he had performed hype duties for, Tech N9ne, as well as other local rappers, Krizz Kaliko, BG Bulletwound and fellow label mates Skatterman & Snug Brim. The album didn't perform well on the charts, only making an appearance on Billboard's "Top Heatseekers (West North Central)" chart.[3]
[edit] Feature Presentation
After a long hiatus for most of its artists, Strange Music would find a new distribution deal in 2006, and thus a schedule of releases was mapped out. Summer 2007 was originally the projected release time for his second album, Feature Presentation. Strange Music would see a delay in their release schedule however, and Kutt Calhoun would instead record and release the album on October 7, 2008. The album saw features from his label mates Tech N9ne, Krizz Kaliko and Skatterman & Snug Brim once again, though it also featured several other local rappers such as The Popper, E-Skool, Paul Mussan and BG Bulletwound. The second album performed better on the charts than his debut, reaching #60 on Billboard's "Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums" as well as charting #19 on the "Top Heatseekers" chart.[4] A music video was shot for the song "Bunk Rock Bitch," and the video was released by the Record Label through their YouTube account on January 15, 2009.[5] The video features fellow label mates Tech N9ne and Krizz Kaliko.
[edit] Raw and Un-Kutt
Kutt Calhoun released his third album, Raw and Un-Kutt[6] on June 8, 2010. Singles from the album include: "Naked (Boom Boom Room)" and "Get Kutt". Features include Brotha Lynch Hung, E-40, Joe Budden, Tech N9ne, Too Short, among others.[7] On May 26, 2010, XXL premiered the video for "Naked (Boom Boom Room)" on their website.[8]
Discography[link]
Studio albums[link]
| Year | Album details | Peak chart positions | Sales | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Billboard 200 [2] |
Top Heatseekers [9] |
Top Independent [10] |
Top R&B/Hip-Hop [1] |
Top Rap [11] |
|||
| 2004 | B.L.E.V.E.
|
— | — | — | — | * | |
| 2008 | Feature Presentation
|
— | 19 | — | 60 | — | 2,658[12] |
| 2010 | Raw and Un-Kutt
|
162 | 4 | 27 | 27 | 15 | 3,500[13] |
| "—" indicates albums that did not chart. "*" with a light gray background indicates albums released prior to charts existence. |
|||||||
EP's[link]
| Year | Album details |
|---|---|
| 2011 | Red-Headed Stepchild
|
Mixtapes[link]
(note: "Strip Club Song" samples from "Bing Bong Brothers" by The Lonely Island)
| Year | Album details |
|---|---|
| 2007 | Flamez Mixtape
|
| TBD | Flamez Mixtape part Duece
|
| TBD | This Blood's For You [With BG Bulletwound]
|
Non album tracks[link]
- ????: "Bounce" (Kutt Calhoun feat. GrewSum)
- ????: "Do Somethin'" (Kutt Calhoun)
- ????: "Flamez [Intro]" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Krizz Kaliko)
- ????: "Trippin'" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Grant Rice)
- 2003: "Snap-Back" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Grant Rice)
- 2003: "When The Rain Drops" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Snug Brim)
- 2004: "Get Ready" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Grant Rice & Krizz Kaliko)
- 2006: "Playa Like Me" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Krizz Kaliko)
- 2006: "Whip It" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Tech N9ne)
- 2007: "Get Fuct" (Kutt Calhoun with Grant Rice & Panic)
- 2007: "Strange Noize Intro" (Kutt Calhoun)
- 2008: "Exclusive" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Krizz Kaliko)
- 2008: "Freestyle 101" (Kutt Calhoun with Krizz Kaliko & Tech N9ne)
- 2008: "Party Rock" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Krizz Kaliko)
- 2010: "I Put That On The Hood" (Kutt Calhoun)
- 2010: "Hard Dick And Bubblegum" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Stevie Stone)
- 2010: "Bouncin' Booties" (Kutt Calhoun feat. Bishop)
Appears on[link]
- ????: "B Like" (BG Bulletwound feat. Kutt Calhoun & Snug Brim)
- ????: "Be About Yo Spread" (Snug Brim feat. Kutt Calhoun & Skatterman)
- ????: "Look At Ya Boy" (BG Bulletwound feat. Krizz Kaliko, Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- ????: "Rhyme" (Bigg Ben feat. Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- ????: "Rhyme [Remix]" (Bigg Ben feat. Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- ????: "Uh Huh" (BG Bulletwound feat. Greed, Krizz Kaliko, Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- ????: "What Ya Want Do" (3rd Degree feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 1998: "2 Niggas" (Snug Brim feat. Kutt Calhoun[A1])
- 1998: "Our World" (Snug Brim feat. Kutt Calhoun[A1])
- 2000: "Haterism" (D.O.V.E. D.A.W.G. feat. Kutt Calhoun[A1])
- 2002: "Bianca's And Beatrice's" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2002: "Club Anthem" (BG Bulletwound feat. Krizz Kaliko & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2002: "Come Up On Ya Own" (BG Bulletwound feat. Kutt Calhoun & Nachia)
- 2002: "Don't Get So Mad" (BG Bulletwound feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2002: "Freaky Lil' Things" (Tech N9ne feat. Grant Rice & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2002: "Hopeless" (Skatterman & Snug Brim feat. BG Bulletwound, Krizz Kaliko & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2002: "Hydro" (Tech N9ne feat. Greed, Krizz Kaliko & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2002: "I'm A Player" (BG Bulletwound feat. Don Juan & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2002: "Mo' Flows" (BG Bulletwound feat. Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- 2002: "Shocked" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2002: "Steep Pockets 2" (Skatterman & Snug Brim feat. Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- 2002: "Strong Apphilation" (BG Bulletwound feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2003: "Drinkin' Partners" (Grant Rice feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2003: "F.T.I." (Tech N9ne feat. Greed, Krizz Kaliko, Kutt Calhoun, Skatterman & Snug Brim)
- 2003: "Grin On My Grill" (X Dash feat. Krizz Kaliko, Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- 2004: "Carwash" (Skatterman & Snug Brim feat. BG Bulletwound & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2004: "Crazy" (Skatterman & Snug Brim feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2004: "Fuck Nathan Dinsdale" (Empire feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2004: "Kansas City [Concrete Jungle]" (Skatterman & Snug Brim feat. BG Bulletwound, Greed, Krizz Kaliko & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2004: "Mafioso" (Skatterman & Snug Brim feat. Greed, Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- 2004: "Pakman" (Skatterman & Snug Brim feat. Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- 2005: "Killing Myself" (Empire feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2006: "Fuck'em Girl" (Tech N9ne feat. Krizz Kaliko & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2006: "Groupie" (Tech N9ne feat. Krizz Kaliko & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2006: "I Want That" (GrewSum feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2006: "Stop" (GrewSum feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2006: "Street Shit" (3rd Degree feat. Kutt Calhoun & Snug Brim)
- 2007: "Gangsta Shap" (Tech N9ne feat. Krizz Kaliko & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2007: "Keep It Simple" (Blaze Ya Dead Homie feat. Big B & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2007: "Pistol In My Pants" (Daville Dabris feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2007: "Sex Out South" (Tech N9ne feat. Krizz Kaliko & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2007: "Take Your Life" (GrewSum feat. BG Bulletwound, Kutt Calhoun & Snug Brim)
- 2007: "That Box" (Tech N9ne feat. Greed, Krizz Kaliko, Kutt Calhoun & Skatterman & Snug Brim)
- 2007: "What You Came Here For" (Critical Bill feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2008: "59 Fifty [Remix]" (Paul Mussan feat. Donta Slusha, Kutt Calhoun & The Popper)
- 2008: "Bodies Fall" (Prozak feat. Blaze Ya Dead Homie, Kutt Calhoun, Tech N9ne & The R.O.C.)
- 2008: "Collect" (Krizz Kaliko feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2008: "Crew Cut" (Krizz Kaliko feat. BG Bulletwound, Kutt Calhoun, Makzilla, Skatterman & Snug Brim & Tech N9ne)
- 2008: "G-Shit" (Grave Plott feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2008: "G14" (BG Bulletwound feat. Kutt Calhoun & Snug Brim)
- 2008: "Go Hard" (BG Bulletwound feat. Kutt Calhoun & Riv Locc)
- 2008: "Help Me Change" (Skatterman & Snug Brim feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2008: "In The Streets" (Grave Plott feat. BG Bulletwound, Kutt Calhoun & Skatterman & Snug Brim)
- 2008: "Let's Go" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun & Mistah F.A.B.)
- 2008: "Look At Me" (J. Win feat. Krizz Kaliko, Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- 2008: "Too Much" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2008: "Twisted" (BG Bulletwound feat. 3rd Degree, Kutt Calhoun & Mercury)
- 2008: "Where You Want Me" (Krizz Kaliko feat. Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- 2009: "Ghetto Love" (Tech N9ne feat. Krizz Kaliko & Kutt Calhoun)
- 2009: "Poh Me Anutha" (Tech N9ne feat. Potluck & Kutt Clahoun)
- 2009: "Areola" (Tech N9ne feat. 816 Boyz)
- 2009: "B. Boy" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun, Skatterman, Big Scoob & Bumpy Knuckles)
- 2010: "Stranger" (Cognito feat. Big Scoob, Stevie Stone, Loki, Kutt Calhoun & Tech N9ne)
- 2010: "Monsta" (Craig Smith feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2010: "Gamer" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun)
- 2010: "Pow Pow" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun, Mon. E.G. The Ghostwriter, Riv Locc & Tay Diggs)
- 2010: "Afterparty" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun & Devin The Dude)
- 2010: "Pu Wah Wah" (Tech N9ne feat. 816 Boyz)
- 2011: "Pressure" (Black Oxygen)
- 2011: "You Owe Like Pookie" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun & Jay Rock)
- 2011: "Kocky" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun & Jay Rock
- 2011: "Bang Out" (Tech N9ne feat. 816 Boyz)
- 2011: "Slave" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun & Krizz Kaliko
- 2011: "Gods" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun & Krizz Kaliko
- 2011: "EMJ" (Tech N9ne feat. Kutt Calhoun, Stevie Stone Jay Rock
Music videos[link]
| Year | Title | Director | Artist(s) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| As main performer | ||||
| 2009 | "Bunk Rock Bitch" | Dan Gedman[5] | Kutt Calhoun | |
| 2010 | "Naked (Boom Boom Room)" | Dan Gedman[8] | Kutt Calhoun ft. Tech N9ne | |
| 2011 | "I'm The One" | Frankie C[16] | Kutt Calhoun ft. JL | |
| "All By My Lonely" | Frankie C[17] | Kutt Calhoun ft. BG Bulletwound | ||
| As featured performer | ||||
| 2010 | "In My Hood" | Nathan Letteer[18] | Young Ghost ft. Bridge_B & Kutt Calhoun | |
| 2011 | "Pressure" | Tye Murphy[19] | Black Oxygen ft. Kutt Calhoun | |
| 2011 | "Ooo Wee" | Nathan Letteer[20] | Steel ft. Kutt Calhoun | |
| Cameo appearances | ||||
| 2002 | "Slacker" | Ben Mor | Tech N9ne | |
| 2003 | "Imma Tell" | Christopher Horvath | Tech N9ne | |
| 2006 | "Bout Ta' Bubble" | Prozak | Tech N9ne | |
| 2007 | "City 2 City" | Kottonmouth Kings ft. Krizz Kaliko & Tech N9ne | ||
| "White Trash Life" | Bryan Heiden | Big B | ||
| 2008 | "What It Is" | RUBONYX[21] | Kredulous ft. 3rd Degree | |
| "Like Yeah" | Estevan Oriol[22] | Tech N9ne | ||
| 2009 | "Red Nose" | Dan Gedman[23] | Tech N9ne | |
| "Salue" | Big Scoob ft. Tech N9ne | |||
| 2010 | "O.G." | Dan Gedman[24] | Tech N9ne | |
| "KC Tea" | Dan Gedman[25] | Tech N9ne | ||
| "Elevator" | Dan Gedman[26] | Krizz Kaliko ft. Tech N9ne | ||
| "Ego Trippin'" | Dan The Man[27] | Tech N9ne ft. Krizz Kaliko | ||
| 2011 | "Man In My City (Remix)" | Kamera Man[28] | Nesto the Owner ft. Bishop Young Don, Cash Image, Rondoe, The Popper, V.V. & Xta-C | |
| "Hotboxin The Van" | Bert Trevino[29] | Baby Bash, Marcus Manchild & Paul Wall | ||
| 2012 | "All That I Know" | Philly Fly Boy[30] | Trae ft. Brian Angel, Mystikal & Tech N9ne | |
References[link]
- ^ a b "R&B/Hip-Hop Albums Chart History". Billboard.com. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/kutt-calhoun/chart-history/611343?f=333&g=Albums. Retrieved June 17, 2010.
- ^ a b "Billboard 200 Chart History". Billboard.com. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/kutt-calhoun/chart-history/611343?f=305&g=Albums. Retrieved June 17, 2010.
- ^ "Billboard - Top Heatseekers (West North Central) - B.L.E.V.E.". http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/esearch/chart_display.jsp?cfi=303&cfgn=Albums&cfn=Top+Heatseekers+(West+North+Central)&ci=3055056&cdi=8197030&cid=08%2F28%2F2004. Retrieved 2008-10-21. [dead link]
- ^ "Billboard - Album Chart History". http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/retrieve_chart_history.do?model.chartFormatGroupName=Albums&model.vnuArtistId=611343&model.vnuAlbumId=1184242. Retrieved 2008-10-16.
- ^ a b Bunk Rock Bitch video on YouTube
- ^ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wc-JqUTOoTY
- ^ http://www.kutt.com/forum/topics/raw-and-unkutt-up-for-preorder
- ^ a b "WORLD PREMIERE: Kutt Calhoun feat. Tech N9ne "Naked" [VIDEO"]. XXLMag.com. Harris Publications, Inc. May 26, 2010. http://www.xxlmag.com/online/?p=80649. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
- ^ "Heatseekers Albums Chart History". Billboard.com. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/kutt-calhoun/chart-history/611343?f=324&g=Albums. Retrieved June 17, 2010.
- ^ "Independent Albums Chart History". Billboard.com. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/kutt-calhoun/chart-history/611343?f=326&g=Albums. Retrieved June 17, 2010.
- ^ "Rap Albums Chart History". Billboard.com. Nielsen Business Media, Inc. http://www.billboard.com/#/artist/kutt-calhoun/chart-history/611343?f=335&g=Albums. Retrieved June 17, 2010.
- ^ "Soundscans - Week Ending 10/19/2008" (RTF). 2008-10-22. http://www.bigwilliepromotions.com/periodicals/soundscan/indie/10_22_08.rtf. Retrieved 2008-10-22. [dead link]
- ^ Jacobs, Allen (June 16, 2010). "Hip Hop Album Sales: The Week Ending 6/13/2010". Cheri Media Group. http://www.hiphopdx.com/index/news/id.11493/title.hip-hop-album-sales-the-week-ending-6-13-2010. Retrieved June 16, 2010.
- ^ "Strange Music Upcoming Releases". Coathanga Strangla (insert). Brotha Lynch Hung. Kansas City, MO: Strange Music. 2011.
- ^ http://blog.kuttcalhoun.com/2010/12/23/kutt-calhoun-talks-mixtapes-albums-audio/
- ^ I'm The One on Youtube
- ^ All By My Lonely on Youtube
- ^ Kutt Calhoun In Young Ghost’s Music Video For ‘In My Hood’
- ^ Black Oxygen feat. Kutt Calhoun - "Pressure" Music Video
- ^ Kutt Calhoun in Steel's video 'Ooo Wee' on dir. Nathan Letteer's website
- ^ What It Is music video on Myspace.com
- ^ Nuevo Revolution's Interview with Tech N9ne 2008 (Part 1 of 2). 2008-08-19. Event occurs at 6:45-7:45. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r67VbRpWV0I. Retrieved 2008-08-19.
- ^ "Tech N9ne "Red Nose"". MTV Networks On Campus Inc.. 2009-04-13. http://www.mtvu.com/music/video-premiere/tech-n9ne_red-nose/. Retrieved 2009-04-13.
- ^ "Tech N9ne "O.G." - mtvU". MTV Networks On Campus Inc. 2010-06-11. http://www.mtvu.com/music/video-premiere/tech-n9ne-og/. Retrieved 2010-06-11.
- ^ "Tech N9ne "KC Tea" Official Music Video". Strange Music Inc. 2010-07-21. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qyYPb6ZSEG0. Retrieved 2010-07-21.
- ^ "Krizz Kaliko "Elevator" Behind the Scenes". Strange Music Inc. 2010-08-25. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r9bnOj3GRlc. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
- ^ "Tech N9ne "Ego Trippin’" Video From the Bad Season Mixtape Hosted by DJ Whoo Kid!". RadioPlanet.tv. 2010-11-27. http://www.radioplanet.tv/tech-n9ne-ego-trippin-video/. Retrieved 2010-11-17.
- ^ "Nesto The Owner - Man In My City Remix (Official Music Video)". 2011-02-24. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=np8SrPF0U8s. Retrieved 2011-02-27.
- ^ "HOTBOXIN THAT VAN" - Baby Bash Paul Wall & Marcus Manchild (Official Music Video)
- ^ "Trae Tha Truth Ft. Mystikal, Tech N9ne & Brian Angel - All That I Know [Official Music Video"]. ThisIs50.com. January 3, 2012. http://www.thisis50.com/profiles/blogs/trae-tha-truth-ft-mystikal-tech-n9ne-brian-angel-all-that-i-know. Retrieved January 3, 2012. "The Philly Fly Boy directed clip features Tech N9ne, Brain Angel of Day 26 and Cash Money's newest signee Mystikal."
- Interviews
- (flash) Kutt Calhoun Flamez Mixtape Interview w/ TheFroHas2Grow Promotions. TheFroHas2Grow Promotions. 2008-01-02. http://revver.com/video/596865/kutt-calhoun-flamez-mixtape-interview-w-thefrohas2grow-promotions/. Retrieved 2008-10-21.
- (MP3) Kutt Calhoun Interview with Real Hatchet Girl Talk. 2008-11-10. Event occurs at 33:42-40:47. http://www.blogtalkradio.com/Hatchetgirlz/2008/11/11/Kutt-Calhoun-Interview. Retrieved 2008-11-26.
External links[link]
- Official Website
- Kutt Calhoun on Myspace
- Kutt Calhoun's Flamez Mixtape on Myspace
- Deuce Klik on Myspace
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Calhoun, Melvin |
| Alternative names | Calhoun, Kutt |
| Short description | American rapper |
| Date of birth | |
| Place of birth | Kansas City, Missouri |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Kutt_Calhoun
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutt_Calhoun
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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Viktor Schauberger (30 June 1885 – 25 September 1958) was an Austrian forester/forest warden, naturalist, philosopher, inventor and Biomimicry experimenter.
The inventor of what he called "implosion technology", Schauberger developed his own theories based on fluidic vortices and movement in nature. He built actuators for airplanes, ships, silent turbines,[1] self-cleaning pipes and equipment for cleaning and so-called "refinement" of water to create spring water,[2] which he used as a remedy.
Schauberger's theories aren't accepted in the scientific community. However, Schauberger's work remains an inspiration to many people in the Green movement for his own observations of nature.
Contents |
Biography[link]
Early years[link]
Viktor Schauberger was born in Holzschlag, Austria, to a long line of Austrian foresters that could be traced back to early Germanic tribes, with views on and concepts of nature entirely different than the ones known to us currently. Creek and river flow fascinated him during his youth. He went on to develop a basic theory that contains a twofold movement principle for such phenomena.
His first concepts were brought on by studying trout in its natural environment. He was quoted as saying:
How was it possible for this fish to stand so motionlessly, only steering itself with slight movements of its tail-fins, in this wildly torrential flow, which made my staff shake so much that I could hardly hang onto it? What forces enabled the trout to overcome its own body-weight so effortlessly and quickly, and, at the same time, overcome the specific weight of the heavy water flowing against it?
These questions inspired further investigation to study the force that allowed such effortless natural motion. Schaubergers conclusion led to his theory of natural vortices.
Schauberger's second major theory was in the structure of water. He believed that water is at its densest when cold (at +4C water anomaly point) (and at the time of a full moon), and that there are many layers in the structure of flowing water. He claimed that nature creates vortices to create equilibria. He further claimed that our current form of energy production/consumption scatters matter into disequilibrium. His studies were not approved by science at the time, even when his ideas were put into practice.[citation needed]
In 1922 for Adolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe, Schauberger designed and had built several log flumes which reduced the timber transport costs to one tenth the previous cost and allowed transport of denser than water woods such as beech and fir.[3] In 1924, Viktor Schauberger became a Public Council consultant for the log flumes for the Austrian state. He started construction of three large plants in Austria. In 1926, he undertook research at a timber flotation installation in Neuberg an der Mürz in Styria. In 1929 Schauberger submitted his first applications for patents in the fields of water engineering and turbine construction. He conducted research on how to artificially generate centripetal movement in various types of machines. He proposed a means of utilising hydroelectric power by a jet turbine. The log flumes used for timber flotation allegedly disregarded the Archimedes' principle, i.e., Schauberger was allegedly able to transport heavier-than-water objects by creating a centripetal movement (making the timber spin around its own axis, by special guiding-vanes which caused the water to spiral). Professor Philipp Forchheimer was sent to study the log flumes. Professor Forchheimer in 1930-1931 later published with Schauberger a series of articles in "Die Wasserwirtschaft", the Austrian Journal of Hydrology.[citation needed]
World War II[link]
In 1934 Viktor met with Hitler[citation needed], and had discussions about fundamental principles of agriculture, forestry and water engineering.[citation needed] Schauberger is believed to have lent his ideas in order to aid the German Reich. Although whether this was under duress or willingly is still a matter of debate;[citation needed] it appears that his aim was to see his theories put to the test (he had offered his log flume designs to several countries). There is no indication that he supported Nazism, and his private feelings about the Nazis seem to have been disdainful. At any rate, his later (post-1941) work for the regime was enforced by the threat of execution, Schauberger being a KZ concentration camp prisoner at that time.
In 1941, an intrigue caused by the Viennese Association of Engineers[citation needed] resulted in Schauberger's enforced confinement in a mental hospital in Mauer-Öhling, under continuous observation by the SS.[citation needed] In Augsburg, Schauberger worked with Messerschmitt on engine cooling systems and was in correspondence with designer Heinkel about aircraft engines.[citation needed]
In 1944, Schauberger continued to develop his Repulsine machine at the Technical College of Engineering at Rosenhügel in Vienna. By May 1945 a prototype had been constructed.
In 1945 Schauberger started to work on his "Klimator". The function of the Klimator is to cool and warm the air in living spaces.[4]
At the end of the war Schauberger was apprehended by US intelligence agents, and kept in custody for 9 months. They confiscated all his documents and prototypes, and interrogated him to determine his activities during the war.[5]
After the war Schauberger continued his work, leading to water-based power generation through vortex action in a closed cycle, the "Spiral Plough", an "Apparatus for soil cultivation made of copper" and tests with "spiral pipes".
Later years[link]
File:Turbine Schauberger.gif
Turbine Schauberger
In 1952, at Stuttgart Technical University, Schauberger claimed that tests were carried out by Prof. Franz Popel, on behalf of the West German government, to determine the validity of his ideas on water movement. Tests were performed on Schauberger's specially designed copper pipes, which had a conical, spiral, rifled shape, with apparent success confirming Schauberger's idea.
In 1958 Schauberger was approached by Karl Gerchsheimer and Robert Donner, with an invitation to come to the US to further develop his inventions.
Schauberger spent several months in the US writing articles and drawing sketches. After the project failed by problems with his US-partners he had to sell all his work and patents to buy a flight ticket back home. He returned to Austria and died in Linz, Austria, on September 25, 1958, 5 days after having returned to Linz.
Controversy[link]
 |
This article's Criticism or Controversy section may compromise the article's neutral point of view of the subject. Please integrate the section's contents into the article as a whole, or rewrite the material. (July 2010) |
Schauberger and his works have become part of an internet-based conspiracy theory claiming that Schauberger invented free energy/perpetual motion devices and that this was "covered up" by the US government. Schauberger never claimed to have invented perpetual motion machines, but instead stated that he used the Earth's natural power.
Due to issues with translation from German to English, a number of papers and publications are in broken English. In Implosion magazine, a magazine released by Schauberger's family, he said that aeronautical and marine engineers had incorrectly designed the propeller. He stated:
“As best demonstrated by Nature in the case of the aerofoil maple-seed, today’s propeller is a pressure-screw and therefore a braking screw, whose purpose is to allow the heavy maple-seed to fall parachute-like slowly towards the ground and to be carried away sideways by the wind in the process. No bird has such a whirling thing on its head, nor a fish on its tail. Only man made use of this natural brake-screw for forward propulsion. As the propeller rotates, so does the resistance rise by the square of the rotational velocity. This is also a sign that this supposed propulsive device is unnaturally constructed and therefore out of place.”[6]
Whilst the notion of a propeller being natural or unnatural is subjective, the maximum efficiency of the propeller can be considered. As a comparison, the fastest propeller-driven aircraft ever to fly, the Tupolev Tu-114 had a top-speed of 541 miles per hour, but a jet engine using suction and internal compressive forces can break the sound barrier (in main because a jet engine is a reaction engine, relying on Newton's third law, not on pressure differences).
Not everything that undergoes air or water resistance experiences an increase in drag with the square of velocity. Some insect wings rely on turbulence created by a previous wing beat to increase the efficiency of the stroke, and hence decrease the acting drag which uses less energy.
He has also been quoted as making the claim:
"Water is a living substance!"
and some of his language using scientific terms has been translated in incorrect ways. In another edition of Implosion Magazine, he says:
"In contrast, all 'technical' machines, i.e. all dynamos, turbines, pressure pumps, propellers, explosion and steam driven engines, all furnaces, gas and electric heating appliances, all soil-tilling and harvesting machinery, etc. provide a developmentally harmful ex-pulse to initiate motion. Because of this and without exception, the atom lattice thus moved ruptures, resulting in the disintegration of the molecular (bacteriophagous) formations in suspension. In unnaturally moved air or water decadent stresses appear, causing the decay of the decisive energy-concentrates. This leads to the build-up of decadent potential and the decomposition of the blood of the Earth, and thus to a total economic collapse along the whole course of development."[7]
The claim that a bacteriophage can exist in an atomic lattice is inaccurate, notably because a bacteriophage is approximately 1 thousand times larger than the gaps in a crystal structure. However it is evident that he had used the term atom generically to refer to particles, commonplace for his era, which contextually for his comment about bacteriophage in soil holds to be true as soil particles indeed host between them bacteria the disturbance of which breaks their bonds to surrounding material and organisms, thereby depleting soil's vitality.
[edit] Implosion Magazine
Implosion is a quarterly magazine founded in 1958 by Aloys Kokaly at the bequest of Viktor and Walter Schauberger. It is still published quarterly or semi-annually by Klaus Rauber. It is the only known repository of Viktor Schauberger's writing (in German), and has been the source of substantial portions of the Eco-Technology series.
Films[link]
Three documentaries in English dealing with the life and works of Viktor Schauberger are in existence:
- "Nature Was My Teacher" - Borderland Science Research Foundation - narrated by Tom Brown (1993)
- "Sacred Living Geometries" - narrated by Callum Coats (1995)
- "Extraordinary Nature of Water" - narrated by Callum Coats (2000)
See also[link]
- Biomimicry
- Bionics
- Forester
- Fluid dynamics
- Hydrodynamics
- Pseudoscience
- Spiral: Golden spiral, Golden ratio, Fibonacci sequence
- Vortex
Notes[link]
- ^ Siegbert Lattacher, Ennsthaler: In the footsteps of the legendary natural scientist, page 116: air turbine, ISBN 3-85068-544-6
- ^ Olof Alexandersson, Living Water, page 82-87 and 156, "Repulsator" (water system)
- ^ Siegbert Lattacher, Following in the footsteps of the legendary natural scientist, Ennsthaler, Page 22, ISBN 3-85068-544-6
- ^ Callum Coats, Living Energies (2002) ISBN 0-7171-3307-9
- ^ Nick Cook, The Hunt for Zero Point - Inside the Classified World of Antigravity Technology (2001) ISBN 0-7679-0628-4 / ISBN 0-7679-0627-6
- ^ Viktor Schauberger, Implosion Magazine, No. 112, p. 52
- ^ Viktor Schauberger, Implosion Magazine, No. 116, p. 37-45
Further reading[link]
- Kronberger Hans & Lattacher Siegbert, "On the Track of Water's Secret - from Victor Schauberger to Johann Grander", Uranus 1995; ISBN 3-901626-03-4
- Jane Cobbald, Viktor Schauberger - a Life of Learning from Nature (2006) ISBN 0-86315-569-3
- Olof Alexandersson, Living Water — Viktor Schauberger and the Secrets of Natural Energy
- (1982) ISBN 0-85500-112-7
- (1990) ISBN 0-946551-57-X
- (2002) ISBN 0-7171-3390-7
- Alick Bartholomew, Hidden Nature — The Startling Insights of Viktor Schauberger (2003) ISBN 0-86315-432-8
- Brian Desborough, A Blueprint for A Better World (2002) ISBN 0-9742018-0-4
- Viktor Schauberger and Callum Coats, The Schauberger Companion (1994) ISBN 1-85860-011-1
- Eco-Technology (1994) ISBN 1-85860-011-1
- Living Energies (1995) ISBN 0-7171-3307-9 {UK edition has more ill.}
- Living Energies — Viktor Schauberger's brilliant work with Natural Energies Explained (2002) ISBN 0-7171-3307-9
- The Water Wizard: The Extraordinary Properties of Natural Water, Eco-Technology no.1, (1997) ISBN 1-85860-048-0
- Nature As Teacher: New principles in the Working of Nature, Eco-Technology no.2, (1998) ISBN 1-85860-056-1
- The Fertile Earth: Nature's Energies in Agriculture, Soil Fertilisation and Forestry, Eco-Technology no.3,(2000) ISBN 1-85860-060-X
- Energy Evolution: Harnessing Free Energy from Nature, Eco-Technology no.4, (2001) ISBN 1-85860-061-8
- Nick Cook, "The Hunt for Zero Point" (2002) ISBN 978-0-09-941498-8
External links[link]
- Viktor Schauberger(Russian\English)
- Pythagoras Kepler System, non-profit promoting Viktor's work, started by son Walter Schauberger, currently run by grandson Jörg Schauberger.
- Implosion Magazine, Verein für Implosionsforschung und Anwendung e.V.
- Ovesen, Morten, "Life and work". Malmö group.
- "Who was Viktor Schauberger?"
- "Viktor Schauberger". (30.6.1885 - 25.9.1958)
- "Viktor Schauberger, The Water-wizard from Austria.".
- Naudin, J., "The Schauberger's Flying Saucer".
- "Qualitatives Torkado-Modell (Hypothesen und Studien zu freien 3D-Schwingungen)". (German)
- "Viktor Schauberger (30.6.1885 - 25.9.1958)".
- "Viktor Schauberger The Water-wizard from Austria
- Viktor Schauberger".
- Modern Energy Research Library".
- "Nature Was My Teacher - The Vision of Viktor Schauberger by Thomas Joseph Brown ?"
- Ball, Philip (September 14, 2007). "Burning water and other myths". Nature News. DOI:10.1038/news070910-13. http://www.nature.com/news/2007/070910/full/070910-13.html. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Schauberger, Viktor |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 30 June 1885 |
| Place of birth | |
| Date of death | 25 September 1958 |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Viktor_Schauberger
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Шаубергер, Виктор
http://fr.wn.com/Viktor Schauberger
http://de.wn.com/Viktor Schauberger
http://es.wn.com/Viktor Schauberger
http://pl.wn.com/Wiktor Schauberger
This page contains text from Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viktor_Schauberger
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For the British television writer, see Chris Bryant (writer).
| Chris Bryant MP | |
|---|---|
| Shadow Minister for Borders and Immigration |
|
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 7 October 2011 |
|
| Leader | Ed Miliband |
| Preceded by | Gerry Sutcliffe |
| Shadow Minister for Political and Constitutional Reform |
|
| In office 13 May 2010 – 7 October 2011 |
|
| Leader | Ed Miliband |
| Preceded by | Vacant |
| Succeeded by | Wayne David |
| Minister for Europe and Asia | |
| In office 13 October 2009 – 11 May 2010 |
|
| Prime Minister | Gordon Brown |
| Preceded by | The Baroness Kinnock of Holyhead (Europe) The Lord Malloch-Brown (Asia) |
| Succeeded by | David Lidington (Europe) |
| Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for the Foreign Office | |
| In office 9 June 2009 – 13 October 2009 |
|
| Prime Minister | Gordon Brown |
| Preceded by | Gillian Merron |
| Succeeded by | Vacant |
| Deputy Leader of the House of Commons | |
| In office 5 October 2008 – 9 June 2009 |
|
| Prime Minister | Gordon Brown |
| Preceded by | Helen Goodman |
| Succeeded by | Barbara Keeley |
| Member of Parliament for Rhondda |
|
| Incumbent | |
| Assumed office 7 June 2001 |
|
| Preceded by | Allan Rogers |
| Majority | 11,553 (37.2%) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1962-01-11) 11 January 1962 (age 50) Cardiff, Glamorgan, Wales |
| Political party | Conservative (Before 1986) Labour (1986–present) |
| Spouse(s) | Jared Cranney |
| Alma mater | Mansfield College, Oxford Ripon College Cuddesdon |
| Profession | Author |
| Religion | Anglican |
Christopher John Bryant (born 11 January 1962) is a British Labour Party politician, who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Rhondda since 2001. Bryant is the former Minister for Europe and Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
Contents |
Background[link]
Chris Bryant was born in Cardiff to a Scottish mother and a Welsh computer engineer father. Bryant grew up in Cardiff, Wales (where his father worked for five years)[1][2] and Cheltenham.[3] He was educated at Cheltenham College, where he was captain of the school swimming team, and Mansfield College, Oxford where he received a BA degree in English in 1983 and later received the MA (Oxon). He then trained to be a priest in the Church of England at Ripon College Cuddesdon in Oxfordshire, where he obtained a further degree in theology. Although initially a member of the Conservative Party, and an elected office-holder in the Oxford University Conservative Association, he joined the Labour Party in 1986 after leaving Oxford. From 1986 he served as a Curate at the Church of All Saints, High Wycombe and from 1989, as a Youth Chaplain in Peterborough, as well as travelling in Latin America.[2]
Political career[link]
In 1991 Bryant left the ordained ministry, after deciding that being gay and being a priest were incompatible. Statements made by Richard Harries, the then-Bishop of Oxford also influenced his decision.[2] Bryant made a radical career move and began work as the election agent to the Holborn and St Pancras Constituency Labour Party, where he helped Frank Dobson hold his seat in the 1992 general election. From 1993 he was Local Government officer for the Labour Party; he lived in Hackney and was elected to Hackney Borough Council in 1993, serving until 1998. He became Chairman of the Christian Socialist Movement.[2] He is also a member of the Labour Friends of Israel group as well as the Labour Friends of Palestine & the Middle East.[4] From 1994 to 1996 he was London manager of the charity Common Purpose.[5]
In 1996 he became a full time author, writing biographies of Stafford Cripps and Glenda Jackson. He was Labour candidate for Wycombe in the 1997 general election (where he lost by 2,370 votes), and Head of European Affairs for the BBC from 1998.[5] His selection for the very safe Labour seat of Rhondda in South Wales in 2000 surprised many people given Bryant's background – gay, a former Anglican vicar, and someone who had been a Conservative as a student. He says of his surprise selection "I fell off the chair, and my opponents certainly did". Fifty-two people applied for the candidature and a local councillor was hot favourite to win.[2] He retained the seat comfortably with a 16,047 majority, one of the biggest in the country.
From 2004 until 2007, Bryant was chair of the Labour Movement for Europe, succeeded by Mary Creagh MP. Bryant is a signatory of the Henry Jackson Society principles.
On 5 September 2006 he and Siôn Simon co-ordinated a prominent letter which was signed by 15 Labour backbenchers calling for Tony Blair's immediate resignation.[6]
Bryant was the Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Secretary of State for Constitutional Affairs Charlie Falconer. In Gordon Brown's autumn 2008 reshuffle, Bryant was promoted from his role as Parliamentary Private Secretary to Harriet Harman to the ministerial position of Deputy Leader of the House of Commons otherwise known as Parliamentary Secretary to the House of Commons. This was followed by another move in the June 2009 reshuffle, when he moved to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office as the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. On 13 October 2009, he was also appointed Minister for Europe.[7]
Following the defeat of the Labour government at the General Election of 2010, Bryant returned to the back benches. He stood as one of 49 candidates for election to the 19 places in the Shadow Cabinet in the internal Labour Party poll of October 2010. He polled 77 votes, reaching 29th position on the list. He is currently a shadow Justice Minister, with responsibility for political and constitutional reform.[8]
Expenses claims scandal[link]
Chris Bryant claimed over £92,000 in expenses over the five years leading up to the 2009 scandal over MPs' expenses. During that time he flipped his second-home expenses twice, claimed mortgage interest expenses that started at £7,800 per year before rising (after flipping) to £12,000 per year. He also claimed £6,400 in stamp duty and other fees on his most recent purchase, and £6,000 per year in service charges. A claim that he made for £58,493.26, almost three times the annual maximum, in 2004, was disallowed.[9]
Comments on housing benefit reforms[link]
In October 2010, Chris Bryant described the coalition government's housing benefit reforms as poorer people "being socially engineered and sociologically cleansed out of London". The use of the term "ethnic cleansing" was criticised by members of the coalition, including Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg, who called Bryant's comment "offensive to people who had witnessed ethnic cleansing in other parts of the world".[10]
Personal life[link]
Bryant is openly gay, and entered into a civil partnership with Jared Cranney on 27 March 2010. The ceremony was the first civil partnership ever held in the Houses of Parliament.[2] Bryant lives in Porth in the Rhondda Fach.[3] On 25 September 2006, The Guardian newspaper ran four spoof diary articles called "Chris Bryant's Manchester Diary". The newspaper later printed a clarification to confirm that these were parodies, and were not written by Bryant.[11]
Media[link]
He was ridiculed by the press in 2003 when he was discovered to have posed wearing only underpants on a gay dating site, Gaydar, whilst an MP.[12][13][14][15] Bryant later reflected upon his photograph scandal, saying, "It was a wound but it's a rather charming scar now. I had a period when I barely slept and it was horrible, but I'm very lucky in having a supportive set of friends – MP friends and others – and they looked after me." At the time, the media predicted that he would not survive, and there was much talk of his possible deselection.[2]
In 2011 in the House of Commons, he criticised Prince Andrew, Duke of York for a number of alleged indiscretions.[16]
Publications[link]
- Glenda Jackson: The Biography by Chris Bryant, 1999, HarperCollins, ISBN 0-00-255911-0
- Stafford Cripps: The First Modern Chancellor by Chris Bryant, 1997, Hodder & Stoughton Ltd, ISBN 0-340-67892-5
- Possible Dreams: Personal History of the British Christian Socialists by Chris Bryant, 1996, Hodder & Stoughton Religious, ISBN 0-340-64201-7
References[link]
- ^ "Chris Bryant: You Ask The Questions". The Independent (London). 22 March 2010. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/chris-bryant-you-ask-the-questions-1925067.html. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g Moss, Stephen (18 March 2010). "Chris Bryant: 'I don't think of myself as a gay MP'". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2010/mar/18/chris-bryant-gay-mp-civil-partnership. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ a b http://www.chrisbryant.co.uk/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=5&Itemid=27
- ^ http://www.lfpme.org/lfpme-supporters
- ^ a b Who's Who. A & C Black. January 2007.
- ^ "Minister joins Blair exit demands". BBC News. 5 September 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/5314632.stm. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ Webster, Philip (13 October 2009). "Brown downgrades Europe post in Cabinet reshuffle farce". The Times (London). http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/politics/article6871302.ece#cid=OTC-RSS&attr=2015164. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ "Her Majesty's Official Opposition - UK Parliament". Parliament.uk. 2010-06-03. http://www.parliament.uk/mps-lords-and-offices/government-and-opposition1/opposition-holding/. Retrieved 2012-05-09.
- ^ Chris Bryant changed second home twice to claim £20,000: MPs' expenses Telegraph.co.uk
- ^ "Clegg denies Labour's urban 'cleansing' claim"]. BBC News. 26 October 2010. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-11627021. Retrieved 28 October 2010.
- ^ "Apology - Chris Bryant MP". The Guardian (London). 21 November 2006. http://www.guardian.co.uk/corrections/story/0,,1953293,00.html. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ "Reward for gay pants MP Bryant". The Sun (London). 6 October 2008. http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/1771888/Gay-pants-MP-Chris-Bryant-rewarded-as-he-is-appointed-Deputy-Leader-of-the-Commons.html.
- ^ "MP 'sorry' over underpants photo". BBC News. 2 December 2003. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/wales/3256348.stm. Retrieved 28 April 2010.
- ^ MP faces being outed from Rhondda - WalesOnline
- ^ "No Im the only gay in the valleys". The Sun (London). 21 May 2007. http://www.thesun.co.uk/article/0,,43-2003552584,00.html.
- ^ "Time to give Prince Andrew order of the boot, says Labour MP Chris Bryant - Mirror Online". Mirror.co.uk. 2011-03-07. http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2011/03/07/time-to-give-prince-andrew-order-of-the-boot-says-labour-mp-chris-bryant-115875-22971507/. Retrieved 2012-05-09.
External links[link]
- Chris Bryant MP official constituency website
- Chris Bryant MP on Twitter
- Chris Bryant MP Welsh Labour Party profile
- Profile at Parliament of the United Kingdom
- Contributions in Parliament at Hansard 1803–2005
- Current session contributions in Parliament at Hansard
- Electoral history and profile at The Guardian
- Voting record at PublicWhip.org
- Record in Parliament at TheyWorkForYou.com
- Profile at Westminster Parliamentary Record
- Profile at BBC News Democracy Live
- Column archive at The Guardian
- Chris Bryant, Minister for Europe, London archived Foreign Office(FCO) blog
- Teenage Mums an online pamphlet by Chris Bryant MP
- Works by or about Chris Bryant in libraries (WorldCat catalog)
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Allan Rogers |
Member of Parliament for Rhondda 2001–present |
Incumbent |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by Helen Goodman |
Parliamentary Secretary to the Commons 2008–2009 |
Succeeded by Barbara Keeley |
| Preceded by Gillian Merron |
Undersecretary of State for Foreign Affairs 2009-2010 |
Succeeded by Henry Bellingham |
| Preceded by The Baroness Kinnock of Holyhead |
Minister for Europe 2009–2010 |
Succeeded by David Lidington |
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| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Bryant, Chris |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | British politician |
| Date of birth | 11 January 1962 |
| Place of birth | Cardiff, United Kingdom |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Chris_Bryant
Related pages:
http://ru.wn.com/Брайант, Крис
http://de.wn.com/Chris Bryant
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
For the Guyanese footballer, see Kelvin McKenzie (footballer).
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| Kelvin MacKenzie | |
|---|---|
| Born | Kelvin Calder MacKenzie (1946-10-22) 22 October 1946 (age 65) London, England |
| Nationality | English |
| Occupation | Editor |
| Spouse | Sarah McLean (2nd) |
| Children | 2 sons, 1 daughter |
Kelvin Calder MacKenzie (born 22 October 1946, South London) is an English media executive and former newspaper editor. He is best known for being editor of The Sun newspaper between 1981 and 1994, an era in which the paper was established as Britain's best selling newspaper.
Contents |
Biography[link]
MacKenzie was educated at Alleyn's School. His parents were Ian and Mary Mackenzie, both journalists working for The South London Observer. When the South London Press took over their paper, Mary became Press Chief for the Tory leader of the Greater London Council, Sir Horace Cutler. Kelvin's father died in April 2004 at the age of 84. Kelvin MacKenzie left school with one O-level, in English literature. He joined the South East London Mercury at 17, and worked on local and then national newspapers, such as the Daily Express for the next ten years.
MacKenzie stated that he discovered early on in his career that he had little writing ability and that his talents lay in making up headlines and laying out pages.[1] By 1978, at the age of 32, he was Managing Editor of the New York Post, two years after it was purchased by Rupert Murdoch, who already owned The Sun. Murdoch appointed him Sun editor in 1981 and is said to have described MacKenzie as his all-time "favourite editor".[2]
MacKenzie is a Conservative and a committed Thatcherite. He argues that Margaret Thatcher is Britain's greatest post-war Prime Minister.[3] In 2003, he presented a documentary, Kelvin Saves the Tories, in which he proposed a low-tax, anti-BBC and cautiously pro-capital punishment manifesto for the party.[4] However, in February 2008, in a Sun newspaper article, MacKenzie claimed that he is now against the return of the death penalty.
Outlook[link]
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The neutrality of this section is disputed. Please see the discussion on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until the dispute is resolved. (March 2008) |
While it was in 1978 that The Sun initially overtook the Daily Mirror in terms of circulation, it was during MacKenzie's spell as editor that The Sun firmly established itself as the biggest selling newspaper in Britain.
It was MacKenzie who cemented the paper's image as a right-wing tabloid, not only greatly increasing its circulation and dramatically heightening its profile, but also making it infamous in the eyes of the British public for its attacks on left-wing political figures and movements and its sensationalist front-page celebrity "exposes", which frequently turned out to be misleading or outright false, with MacKenzie presiding over many of the biggest controversies in the paper's history. Critics accused the paper of exaggerating or even inventing news stories under MacKenzie (on some occasions this was proven to be the case[2]) and of severely dumbing down public discourse. The paper was frequently accused of promoting jingoism, racism, homophobia, and intolerance.[2]
However, MacKenzie is quoted as saying in the early 1980s (on the subject of how he perceived his target audience and how he approached journalism):
You just don't understand the readers, do you, eh? He's the bloke you see in the pub, a right old fascist, wants to send the wogs back, buy his poxy council house, he's afraid of the unions, afraid of the Russians, hates the queers and the weirdos and drug dealers. He doesn't want to hear about that stuff (serious news).[5]
MacKenzie has also stated that he feels that his own spell as editor of The Sun had a "positively downhill impact on journalism".[1] Numerous observers, including ex-Sun deputy editor Roy Greenslade and left-wing journalist John Pilger, have commented more seriously on the alleged 'Murdoch effect' – and more specifically about what they see as the negative effect of the Sun during the MacKenzie era – on British journalism, political climate, British culture and society at large.
By the mid-1980s, British comedians such as Jasper Carrott would frequently bring up the subject of the stereotypical Sun reader. While the image of the "average Sun reader" may be misleading to some extent – polls have consistently shown that a majority of Sun readers claim not to take what they read in the paper seriously, and approximately the same number of Sun readers voted Labour in 1992 as voted Conservative.
Murdoch has responded to some of these arguments by saying his critics are "snobs" who want to "impose their tastes on everyone else", while MacKenzie claims the same critics are people who, if they ever had a "popular idea", would have to "go and lie down in a dark room for half an hour". Both have pointed to the huge commercial success of the Sun in the 1980s and its establishment as Britain's top-selling newspaper, claiming that they are "giving the public what they want". This conclusion is heavily disputed by critics, with Pilger pointing out that a late-1970s edition of the Daily Mirror which replaced the usual celebrity and domestic political news items with an entire issue devoted to his own front-line reporting of the genocide in Pol Pot's Cambodia not only outsold the Sun on the day it was issued but became the only edition of the Daily Mirror to ever sell every single copy issued throughout the country, something never achieved by the Sun.
MacKenzie was widely criticised for his perceived cruelty to both the targets of his (sometimes false) newspaper allegations, his choice of targets frequently being not only left-wing politicians and celebrities but even previously unknown ordinary members of the public, and also his alleged cruelty to his own staff and colleagues, to which MacKenzie has since responded:
Look, I am not here to be helpful. I am here to help myself, right, so I have no regrets to how I treated some people.[1]
Notorious headlines[link]
File:Freddiehamster.jpg
Freddie Starr Ate My Hamster, The Sun, 13 March 1986
MacKenzie was responsible for the "Freddie Starr Ate My Hamster" front-page headline, probably the most famous in The Sun's history. The claims made in the accompanying article, that the comedian Freddie Starr had placed his girlfriend's hamster on a sandwich and proceeded to eat it, turned out to be entirely untrue and an invention of the publicist Max Clifford. The headline is often held up as the prime example of the Sun's supposedly celebrity obsessed, sensationalist and often inaccurate journalism.[6]
File:The Sun (Gotcha).png
.png){kind=link}
The sinking of the Belgrano was celebrated on the front page of the British tabloid newspaper The Sun
More controversially, MacKenzie was responsible for the 4 May 1982 "Gotcha" front-page headline, which reported the contentious sinking of the Argentinian cruiser General Belgrano by a British submarine during the Falklands War. MacKenzie was heavily condemned by some commentators who felt he was glorifying death and the headline caused a storm of controversy and protest, although MacKenzie had actually changed the front-page of later editions to "Did 1,200 Argies drown?" after it was established that there had been a large number of Argentine casualties. MacKenzie later defended his "Gotcha" headline, saying:
| “ | Gotcha' was mine, which I'm very proud about. The fact that the enemy were killed to my mind was a bloody good thing and I've never had a moment's loss of sleep over it.[7] | ” |
MacKenzie's coverage of the Falklands War was criticised by many commentators such as The Guardian journalist and ex-Daily Mirror editor Roy Greenslade for being jingoistic and a glorification of war (Greenslade was working with MacKenzie on The Sun at the time).[8] On one occasion during the conflict, The Sun published a photograph of a missile which had a large Sun logo printed on its side. The paper claimed they had "sponsored" the missile and that it would shortly be used to "kill Argies". The photograph also featured a topless teenage page 3 girl caressing the missile, which was perceived to be phallic imagery and resulted in criticism that The Sun was attempting to use sex to promote and glorify war.
While The Sun was heavily criticised and even mocked for its coverage of the war in The Daily Mirror and The Guardian, The Sun responded by accusing these newspapers of treason. The satirical magazine Private Eye mocked and lampooned what they regarded as the paper's jingoistic coverage, most notably with the mock-Sun headline "KILL AN ARGIE, WIN A METRO!", to which MacKenzie is said to have jokingly responded, "Why didn't I think of that?".
Despite his self-professed pride at having printed the "Gotcha" headline, Roy Greenslade claims that MacKenzie had only chosen the headline prior to it becoming clear that there had been a large number of Argentine casualties resulting from the sinking of the Belgrano and that even he later became concerned that the headline may be seen as insensitive and distasteful.
Greenslade states that MacKenzie insisted on changing the headline to "Did 1,200 Argies Die?" for later editions because of these concerns, and that he did so against the wishes of Rupert Murdoch, who allegedly demanded that the "Gotcha" headline remain for later editions despite the large number of casualties and later said of the headline, "I rather liked it". This is reportedly the only occasion that MacKenzie ever disobeyed a specific order from Murdoch.
[edit] The Sun's politics
MacKenzie's Sun strongly supported the Conservative Party in all of the General Elections which were held during his time as editor, and all their policies. On the day of the 1992 election MacKenzie used the front-page headline "If Kinnock Wins Today, Will The Last Person To Leave Britain Please Turn Out The Lights", accompanied by a picture of Kinnock's head superimposed over a lightbulb.[9] The article claimed that numerous celebrities would be leaving the country in the event of a Labour victory.
Although the coverage of the 1992 election remains the best remembered, there were many other vitriolic personal attacks on Labour leaders by MacKenzie's Sun during election campaigns, such as in 1983 when MacKenzie ran a front page featuring an unflattering photograph of Michael Foot alongside the headline "Do You Really Want This Old Fool To Run Britain?",[10] yet, a year later, the paper was staunch in its support for the re-election of Ronald Reagan as president in the USA, who was two years older than Foot.
In March 1984, MacKenzie also ran a story extensively quoting a respected American psychiatrist claiming that British left-wing politician Tony Benn was "insane", with the psychiatrist discussing various aspects of Benn's supposed pathology.[11] Benn was standing in the Chesterfield byelection which was held on the day the article appeared. The story was discredited when the psychiatrist in question publicly denounced the article and described the false quotes attributed to him as "absurd", The Sun having apparently fabricated the entire piece.[2] Benn won the by-election.
MacKenzie's coverage of the British miners' strike, 1984-1985 supported the police and the Thatcher government against the striking NUM miners. The paper was accused of making misleading or even outright false claims about the miners, their unions and Arthur Scargill.[2] MacKenzie at one point prepared a front page with the headline "Mine Führer" and a photograph of Scargill with his arm in the air, a pose which made him look as though he was giving a Nazi salute. The print workers at The Sun, regarding it as an attempt at a cheap smear, refused to print it.[12]
At the time of the 1987 general election MacKenzie ran an extraordinary mock-editorial entitled "Why I'm Backing Kinnock, by Joseph Stalin".[13]
Invented stories[link]
In January 1987, MacKenzie published a front-page story alleging that pop singer Elton John had had sex with underage rentboys. These claims were without any foundation and entirely false. Shortly after, MacKenzie published further allegations that the singer had had the voiceboxes of his guard dogs removed because their barking kept him awake at night. Not only were these additional claims also completely untrue, but MacKenzie confirmed their inaccuracy shortly after publication by sending a reporter to the singer's house, who quickly discovered that all of his guard dogs were quite capable of barking (MacKenzie later admitted that in retrospect he found it difficult to understand why he had believed, never mind published, the claims about the guard dogs which he later realised were self-evidently absurd). Elton John sued The Sun for libel over both these claims and was later awarded £1,000,000 in damages.[14] MacKenzie later said of Elton John
| “ | I think The Sun should have its million quid back. It hasn't damaged him at all, has it? Libel can only have a value if there has been some kind of damage, right? Where is the damage? Where? There's nothing wrong with him. So no, I don't feel bad about him, not at all. | ” |
There were many other controversies during MacKenzie's time in charge of The Sun. MacKenzie at one point ran a story about a previously unknown member of the public who had just undergone a heart transplant operation, the story denouncing the man as a "love rat", Sun journalists having been told that he had left his wife fifteen years earlier. Aside from criticism about the story's highly questionable news value, the newspaper was furiously condemned as the story was run when the man's recovery was still in the balance.[2]
Indeed, many commentators accused MacKenzie and his team of simply inventing many of the stories that appeared in the newspaper, as well as interviews, and in some instances this was proven to be the case, most notably when an entirely fabricated interview with the disfigured Falklands war hero Simon Weston was published, which was criticised for "inviting readers to feel revulsion at his disfigurement".[5] Some other notable controversies that occurred under MacKenzie include a headline describing Australian Aborigines as "The Abo's: Brutal and Treacherous" (which was condemned as "inaccurate" and "unacceptably racist" by the Press Council)[2] and MacKenzie's sending of photographers to break into a psychiatric hospital to ask actor Jeremy Brett, who was a patient in the hospital at the time and who was suffering from manic depression and dying of cardiomyopathy, whether he was "dying of AIDS". The newspaper apparently suspected Brett of being a homosexual and that his mystery illness might be AIDS, which it wasn't.[15]
These incidents caused The Sun to become a laughing stock in some quarters and to be heavily condemned in others, but the newspaper's profile increased dramatically during MacKenzie's time as editor although sales figures dipped. On the subject of the sensationalist and sometimes inaccurate reporting which appeared in The Sun during his time as editor, MacKenzie has said:
| “ | When I published those stories, they were not lies. They were great stories that later turned out to be untrue — and that is different. What am I supposed to feel ashamed about?[1] | ” |
Coverage of the Hillsborough disaster[link]
Main article: Hillsborough_disaster#The_Sun_newspaper
In April 1989, the single biggest controversy during MacKenzie's reign occurred, later described in a Sun editorial in 2004 as "the most terrible mistake in our history", during the aftermath of the Hillsborough disaster, a deadly crush which occurred during an FA Cup semi-final at Hillsborough football stadium in Sheffield claiming the lives of 96 Liverpool fans.
The Sun printed the front-page headline "The Truth", with three sub-headings, "Some Fans Picked Pockets of Victims", "Some Fans Urinated on the Brave Cops" and "Some Fans Beat Up PC Giving Kiss Of Life". The accompanying article claimed that ticketless and drunken Liverpool F.C. fans were responsible for the disaster, having supposedly tried to fight their way into the stadium by rushing the turnstiles and attacking policemen outside the ground. Further specific allegations were made that during the disaster itself Liverpool fans inside the stadium had stolen wallets and other items from the dead, had urinated over policemen and the bodies of dead fans, that they had beaten policemen, ambulance men and rescue workers attempting to save the lives of other fans and had sexually abused the body of a dead girl after shouting "throw her up and we'll fuck her" to policemen moving her body.[16]
The sources for these allegations were stated to be anonymous high-ranking police officers from Sheffield Police and Irvine Patnick, a Conservative MP from Sheffield who wasn't actually present at the match. (On 11 January 2007 on BBC TV's Question Time, MacKenzie additionally claimed that one of his sources was a Liverpool news agency.) The article was accompanied by graphic photographs showing Liverpool fans, including young children, choking and suffocating as they were being crushed against the perimeter fences surrounding the terraces - this was widely condemned as inappropriate.[2]
The coverage and the allegations caused intense uproar on Merseyside (where The Sun was boycotted, with public burnings of the paper organised and many newsagents refusing to stock it at all) and widespread criticism and condemnation from many commentators. The Press Council described the allegations unequivocally as "lies". The official government enquiry into the disaster dismissed the allegation that drunken Liverpool fans had been responsible for the disaster and concluded that inadequate crowd control and errors by the police had been the primary cause of the tragedy.
Prior to the publication of The Sun's initial article, a number of local newspapers in Yorkshire published very similar allegations (such as The Sheffield Star and The Yorkshire Post).[17] It has since emerged that many British national newspaper editors were offered the same story from the same sources the day before The Sun article was published but while many national newspapers printed allegations about Liverpool fans being responsible for the disaster, only MacKenzie and his counterpart at Daily Star were prepared to print the more outlandish allegations about theft and abuse of dead bodies, with many editors feeling that the claims sounded dubious. Furthermore, the other national papers which printed coverage claiming Liverpool fans to be responsible for the disaster, including The Daily Star, withdrew their allegations and apologised the day after publication, whereas The Sun did not.
In their book about the history of the Sun, Peter Chippindale and Chris Horrie wrote:
| “ | As MacKenzie's layout was seen by more and more people, a collective shudder ran through the office [but] MacKenzie's dominance was so total there was nobody left in the organisation who could rein him in except Murdoch. [Everyone] seemed paralysed, "looking like rabbits in the headlights", as one hack described them. The error staring them in the face was too glaring. It obviously wasn't a silly mistake; nor was it a simple oversight. Nobody really had any comment on it, they just took one look and went away shaking their heads in wonder at the enormity of it. It was a classic smear.[5] | ” |
Murdoch for his part ordered MacKenzie to appear on BBC Radio 4's The World This Weekend in the aftermath of the controversy to apologise. MacKenzie was quoted on the programme as saying:
| “ | It was my decision and my decision alone to do that front page in that way and I made a rather serious error. | ” |
In 1993 he told a House of Commons National Heritage Select Committee that
| “ | I regret Hillsborough. It was a fundamental mistake. The mistake was I believed what an MP said. It was a Tory MP. If he had not said it and the chief superintendent (David Duckenfield) had not agreed with it, we would not have gone with it. | ” |
In 1996, MacKenzie again discussed the matter on Radio 4 but this time claimed:
| “ | The Sun did not accuse anybody of anything. We were the vehicle for others. | ” |
Sales of The Sun on Merseyside have never recovered, costing News International several million pounds a year,[2] despite a belated full page apology by the newspaper in 2004. Many newsagents on Merseyside continue to refuse to keep the newspaper in stock.
[edit] After leaving The Sun
In January 1994, MacKenzie moved to BSkyB, another of Murdoch's News Corporation assets. MacKenzie left within a few months.
In 1995, MacKenzie joined Mirror Group Newspapers and was appointed joint boss of their fledgling L!VE TV British cable television channel. The station had previously been headed by Janet Street-Porter, who had set out to establish L!VE TV as an alternative, youth-orientated channel. She clashed with MacKenzie over program content and soon left, leaving him in sole charge.
MacKenzie later said that he would agree to indulge in a "night of passion" with Janet Street-Porter and that he would be "willing" but only if she paid him £4.7m, a figure he had arrived at after calculating how much money he would lose from "loss of reputation, the negative impact on future earnings etc."[1]
MacKenzie took a radically different approach and was criticised for producing severely downmarket programming. MacKenzie introduced features such as nightly editions of 'Topless Darts' (featuring topless women playing darts on a beach), 'The Weather in Norwegian' (with a young, typically blonde and bikini-clad Scandinavian woman presenting weather forecasts in both English and Norwegian), other weather forecasts featuring dwarfs bouncing on trampolines and stock exchange reports presented by Tiffany, a young female presenter who would strip naked as she read out the latest share prices. A large amount of airtime was given over to tarot card readers and astrologers. L!VE TV's best known character was the News Bunny, a man dressed as a giant rabbit who popped up during news broadcasts to give a thumbs up or a thumbs down to the various news stories to indicate whether or not he found them interesting or exciting.
The station had a budget of only £2,000 an hour and attracted very little in the way of an audience, never being watched by more than an average of 200,000 viewers, but the channel was well-known because of the controversy and criticism surrounding its programming, which led to the station being labelled "Tabloid TV" and even "Sun TV" (in reference to the newspaper, some critics accusing MacKenzie of doing nothing more than creating a television version of his old newspaper). MacKenzie has been accused of taking a "shamelessly tacky approach". He eventually left the station in 1997. He later said on LIVE TV:
| “ | Bouncing weather dwarfs were a major milestone in British TV. Their weather forecasts will be five years old now. We used to shoot them in batches ... and it was just luck if the forecast actually coincided with the weather. We were really ahead of our time. If Channel 5 put on Topless Darts at 10pm they would double their ratings.[18] | ” |
The station failed and closed down.
In November 1998, MacKenzie headed a consortium (TalkCo Holdings) which purchased Talk Radio from CLT for £24.7 million. One of the financial backers was News International, News Corporation's main UK subsidiary.[19] In 1999 TalkCo was renamed The Wireless Group and in January 2000 Talk Radio was rebranded as TalkSport. The Wireless Group acquired The Radio Partnership in 1999, gaining control of its nine local commercial stations. In May 2005, it was announced that the Northern Ireland media company, UTV plc, had made an agreed offer to buy the company, subject to shareholder and regulatory approval. In June 2005, the takeover proceeded, with MacKenzie being replaced by UTV executive Scott Taunton. The station lost listeners during Mackenzie's tenure.
In September 2005, MacKenzie took over Highbury House Communications, a magazine publishing company based in Bournemouth and Orpington. HHC held a number of titles mainly in the Leisure and Computing (Games) market with a 'ladette' title sitting uncomfortably in their portfolio. HHC was already suffering from massive debts when MacKenzie took the reins and despite efforts on his part to broker a life-line to save the ailing company, he had inherited a poisoned legacy. This venture also failed; Highbury and closed its doors in December 2005.
MacKenzie then spent a year as chairman of one of the UK's largest marketing and communications groups, Media Square plc. This was unsuccessful and MacKenzie left in March 2007.[20]
MacKenzie has appeared on the BBC's Grumpy Old Men TV series, discussing his pet hates. In one edition he accused the BBC of having a left-wing bias and of producing out-dated and poor quality programmes and news. MacKenzie said that the reason for this was that that BBC Television Centre is populated almost exclusively by "left-wing turds".
Despite the aforementioned criticism of the corporation, in March 2006 MacKenzie joined BBC Radio Five Live as a presenter. He made his debut on the station over the summer, presenting a series of programmes telling the story of various scandals which have occurred at FIFA World Cup tournaments over the years. He then presented a retrospective look at the year gone by on Christmas Day.[21]
In May 2006, MacKenzie became a columnist for The Sun, where he again courted controversy, being accused using one of his columns to launch an attack on the people of Scotland (see below).[22] On the subject of the columns themselves, he has said "I want to get the Lonsdale Belt for vile and be personally rude to as many people as possible."
In August 2010, he appeared as a panellist on the ITV show 3@Three.[23]
Political ambitions[link]
In May 2008, MacKenzie stood for election as a local councillor in Elmbridge.[24] He lost the election, gaining 227 votes whereas the Conservative seat holder Glenn Dearlove won 679.[25]
That same year, after Conservative Member of Parliament David Davis announced that he would resign his seat in the House of Commons in order to fight a by-election as a protest against the Labour government's plans for 42-day detention without charge for terrorist suspects, MacKenzie announced that he was likely to contest the election on a pro-42-day detention platform, stating: "I have been associated with The Sun for 30 years. The Sun is very, very hostile to David Davis because of his 28 day stance and The Sun has always been very up for 42 days and perhaps even 420 days".[26] Off-camera, before a BBC interview, MacKenzie referred to Hull, which the Haltemprice and Howden constituency borders, as "an absolute shocker." Asked to clarify those comments, he said it was "a joke" and that he has "never actually been to Hull".[26]
MacKenzie subsequently decided not to run for the Haltemprice and Howden seat, stating: "The clincher for me was the money. Clearly the Sun couldn't put up the cash – so I was going to have to rustle up a maximum of £100,000 to conduct my campaign."[27]
Hillsborough controversy reignited[link]
During an after-dinner speech to Mincoffs Solicitors LLP (a Newcastle-based law firm) on 30 November 2006, MacKenzie is reported to have said of his coverage of the Hillsborough disaster:
| “ | All I did wrong there was tell the truth. There was a surge of Liverpool fans who had been drinking and that is what caused the disaster. The only thing different we did was put it under the headline "The Truth". I went on The World at One the next day and apologised. I only did that because Rupert Murdoch told me to. I wasn't sorry then and I'm not sorry now because we told the truth. | ” |
MacKenzie went on to compare Merseysiders with animal rights activists. MacKenzie is also said to have remarked,
| “ | If this got out, it would blow up all over again. | ” |
The remarks were met with widespread incredulity and condemnation, particularly on Merseyside, where Liverpool F.C., the local Liverpool Echo and numerous local MPs condemned MacKenzie, with Walton MP Peter Kilfoyle arguing that the quotes confirmed that MacKenzie was "never fit to edit a national newspaper". The Liverpool Echo called for The Sun to sack MacKenzie as a columnist. The Sun issued a statement saying that they had "already apologised for what happened and we stand by that apology." However despite reports of consternation at The Sun over MacKenzie's statements, the newspaper chose to retain him as a columnist. MacKenzie refused to comment publicly on the controversy and pulled out of a scheduled appearance on BBC TV's Question Time later that week.[28][29]
Earlier that autumn MacKenzie had already provoked controversy in Liverpool by stating in a Press Gazette interview that he had never knowingly printed any lies in The Sun and that even stories which later turned out to be untrue were still "good stories". In relation to the publishing of false or misleading reports in The Sun, MacKenzie asked "What am I supposed to feel ashamed about?" MacKenzie was not specifically referring to the coverage of the Hillsborough disaster and made no mention of the tragedy during the interview, but the Liverpool Echo published a piece reporting MacKenzie's statements and criticising the apparent lack of shame or regret over the Hillsborough coverage implied by them (and the fact that MacKenzie may still regard the misleading coverage as a "good story").
Although there was actually little reaction to the quotes on Merseyside at the time, they did draw comment from Phil Hammond, chairman of the Hillsborough Family Support Group, who said: "I can't believe that even after all these years, there is no remorse or regret for the hurt he caused".[30] It was still thought at this point however that, although MacKenzie appeared not to regret the coverage, he no longer regarded it as having any factual basis after his apparent admissions in the past that the allegations made were lies fed to him by police officers and a Tory MP.
On 6 January 2007 a protest took place at Anfield Stadium, the home of Liverpool F.C., during the FA Cup Third Round match against Arsenal F.C.. The protest was organised by fan group Reclaim The Kop, with the support of Liverpool F.C., and was directed towards MacKenzie personally and his continuing allegations about Hillsborough, and also towards the BBC (who were present at the stadium, broadcasting the game live on TV) for employing MacKenzie as a radio presenter and paying him with TV licence payers' (and therefore public) money. Almost 12,000 people in the Kop stand held up a mosaic which spelled out the words 'The Truth' whilst Liverpool supporters chanted "Justice for the 96" for six minutes, signifying the length of time that the Hillsborough game played on for before being abandoned. MacKenzie did not respond to the protest publicly.
On 11 January 2007 MacKenzie appeared on BBC TV's Question Time programme, held in Kent. Towards the end of the program, MacKenzie was asked by presenter David Dimbleby about The Sun's claims about the Hillsborough disaster. MacKenzie stated that he stands by his allegation that ticketless fans were the cause of the disaster but that he does not know whether the other allegations about theft from the dead and fans urinating over victims and policemen were true. Clare Short MP suggested MacKenzie should apologise to the bereaved families and survivors who say that his claims cause them distress and hurt but he refused, claiming that it would make no difference anyway due to the bad blood between himself and Liverpool F.C. MacKenzie suggested that those who feel angry at him should instead direct their anger towards "someone who caused the disaster". MacKenzie was heckled by some members of the audience while Short was applauded when she repeated her suggestion that he should retract his claims and apologise, but MacKenzie remained adamant that he had nothing to apologise for.
In February 2007, Independent journalist Matthew Norman claimed that MacKenzie was considering issuing a public apology for his coverage of the Hillsborough disaster, although at the time he was "still unsure" as to whether to do so.[31] His former colleague at The Sun Roy Greenslade has suggested that the real reason why MacKenzie may be so hesitant to apologise and admit the inaccuracy of the coverage may be his "anti-Scouse" bias, which Greenslade suspects makes it difficult for MacKenzie to "bring himself to say sorry to the city's people".[32]
Attacks on Scotland[link]
MacKenzie has courted further controversy recently by making a series of attacks on the people of Scotland despite the fact that he has some Scottish ancestry - his grandfather was from Stirling.[33] In addition, his three names are all traditionally Scottish. Kelvin for example, is the name of one of the rivers that runs through Glasgow, and his brother is called Bruce, which is the name of one of the Scottish royal families.
In July 2006, MacKenzie wrote a column for the Sun newspaper referring to Scots as 'Tartan Tosspots' and apparently rejoicing in the fact that Scotland has a lower life expectancy than the rest of the United Kingdom. MacKenzie's column provoked a storm of protest, and was heavily condemned by numerous commentators including Scottish MPs and MSPs.[22]
[edit] Question Time
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This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2010) |
On 11 October 2007, MacKenzie appeared on the BBC's Question Time TV programme and launched another attack on Scotland. During a debate about tax, MacKenzie claimed that:
Scotland believes not in entrepreneurialism like London and the south east... Scots enjoy spending [money] but they don't enjoy creating it, which is the opposite to down south.[34]
The comments came as part of an attack on Prime Minister Gordon Brown whom MacKenzie said could not be trusted to manage the British economy because he was "a Scot" and a "socialist", and insisting that this was relevant to the debate. Fellow panellist Chuka Umunna from the think tank Compass called his comments "absolutely disgraceful", and booing and jeering were heard from the Cheltenham studio audience. The BBC received 350 complaints and MacKenzie's comments drew widespread criticism - notably from the high-profile Scottish entrepreneur Duncan Bannatyne who responded on BBC Radio 5 Live:
| “ | It is plainly wrong for MacKenzie to assert that Scottish people do not understand business and enterprise. There are some phenomenal Scottish entrepreneurs, I could name so many. I think Kelvin MacKenzie is a raving lunatic, I think he's a complete idiot and a racist idiot at that. | ” |
On 13 January 2012, MacKenzie once again appeared on the BBC's Question Time TV programme and remarked on the move for Scottish independence:
My sense about England right now is that, they wish Scotland to be independent. They want them, they want them to go out there and make their way in the world and see if they are as clever as they believe they are.
Personal life[link]
MacKenzie married Jacqueline Holland in 1968 in Camberwell. They have a daughter (born 1969) and two sons (born 1972 and 1974). His elder son and his daughter (who left in January 1999) worked at Talk Radio. In 2006 they divorced on the grounds of adultery on the part of MacKenzie. On 25 July 2008, he married Sarah McLean in Sunningdale, Berkshire. She works for McGraw-Hill. In the late 1990s, MacKenzie was in the news when he was caught by The Mail on Sunday holidaying in what the paper described as a "love nest" in Barbados with News International secretary Joanna Duckworth.[35] MacKenzie was a supporter of Charlton Athletic F.C. for 12 years but switched allegiance to Queens Park Rangers after Charlton's relegation from The Championship in 2009.[36] He lives in Weybridge.
External links[link]
Notes[link]
- ^ a b c d e Andy Dangerfield (11 October 2006). "Kelvin MacKenzie: Old Mac opens up". Press Gazette (online edition). http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/article/111006/press_conference_kelvin_mackenzie. Retrieved 2007-05-05.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i John Pilger (1998), Hidden Agendas, Vintage, pp. 445–449
- ^ "Your Favourite Prime Minister", The Daily Politics official BBC website, 13 June 2007. Features a video of MacKenzie championing Margaret Thatcher as Britain's greatest post-war Prime Minister. Retrieved on 14 October 2007.
- ^ . http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4158/is_20030609/ai_n12699128. [dead link]
- ^ a b c Peter Chippindale; Chris Horrie. Stick It Up Your Punter: Rise and Fall of the "Sun"
- ^ Lars Weber (1 May 2006). "Voyeurising the voyeurs: inside the celebrity business". Café Babel. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27. http://web.archive.org/web/20070927011101/http://www.cafebabel.com/en/printversion.asp?T=A&Id=1781. Retrieved 2007-05-04.
- ^ Video (.ram file)
- ^ "A new Britain, a new kind of newspaper". The Guardian (London). 25 February 2002. http://www.guardian.co.uk/falklands/story/0,,657850,00.html. Retrieved 7 May 2010.
- ^ "1992: Major confounds the polls", BBC News Election 2001. The Sun front page is reproduced. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ Sun still shines for Blair", BBC News, 8 March 2001. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ "Benn on the couch", The Sun, 1 March 1984
- ^ Greg Philo, War and Peace News (Open University Press, 1985), p. 138.
- ^ "1987: Three on the trot for Thatcher", BBC News Vote 2001. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ Kelvin McKenzie "Boss applies blowtorch over rentboys", story from The Guardian as reproduced in the Sydney Morning Herald,27 April 2002. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ David McKie "The very best of Holmes", The Guardian, 9 June 2005. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ Gibson, Owen (7 July 2004). "What the Sun said 15 years ago". The Guardian (London). http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2004/jul/07/pressandpublishing.football1.
- ^ Hillsborough Football Disaster - The Immediate Aftermath - The Media reaction, Contrast website. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ Claire Cozens (16 May 2003). "News bunny's back, say Live TV lads". London: The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/print/0,3858,4670161-103676,00.html. Retrieved 2007-05-04.
- ^ "MacKenzie's battle of the airwaves". BBC News. 1998-11-09. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/210952.stm. Retrieved 2006-09-26.
- ^ Chris Tryhorn "MacKenzie quits marketing group", The Guardian, 29 March 2007. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ "Kelvin MacKenzie makes his debut on Five Live", BBC press release, 30 March 2006. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ a b "Sun ed and MacKenzie clash in "tartan tosspots"". Press Gazette. 10 July 2006. http://www.pressgazette.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=1&storycode=34843. Retrieved 2007-09-12.
- ^ 3@Three Presspack, ITV Press Centre, 26 July 2010
- ^ MacKenzie, Kelvin (2008-04-23). "Why I’m standing to be a local councillor". The Spectator. http://www.spectator.co.uk/the-magazine/features/628846/part_3/why-im-standing-to-be-a-local-councillor.thtml. Retrieved 2008-06-13.
- ^ Grove, Kerry (2008-05-02). "Tories win majority in Elmbridge". Your Local Guardian. http://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/topstories/display.var.2242241.0.tories_win_majority_in_elmbridge.php?act=login. Retrieved 2008-06-13.
- ^ a b "Ex-Sun editor to challenge Davis". BBC News. 2008-06-13. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/7452264.stm. Retrieved 2008-06-13.
- ^ Percival, Jenny (2008-06-19). "MacKenzie explains decision not to stand in David Davis byelection". London: The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/2008/jun/19/daviddavis.byelections?gusrc=rss&feed=media. Retrieved 2008-06-19.
- ^ Sam Lister (1 December 2006). "Ex-Sun editor: I was right on Hillsborough". Liverpool Daily Post. http://icliverpool.icnetwork.co.uk/0100news/0100regionalnews/tm_headline=ex-sun-editor--i-was-right-on-hillsborough&method=full&objectid=18190784&siteid=50061-name_page.html. Retrieved 2006-12-01.
- ^ Tara Conlan (1 December 2006). "MacKenzie 'reignites Hillsborough row'". London: The Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,1961898,00.html. Retrieved 2007-05-04.
- ^ Roy Greenslade "MacKenzie 'no lies' claim angers Merseyside", blog on The Guardian website, [no date]. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ "Matthew Norman's Media Diary", The Independent, 26 February 2007. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ Roy Greenslade "Vote, vote, vote for Kelvin MacKenzie", blog on The Guardian website, 28 February 2007. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ Hamish MacDonell (13 October 2007). "The strange case of the ex-editor with Scottish blood who just can't resist attacking Scotland". The Scotsman. http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/politics.cfm?id=1636442007. Retrieved 2007-12-17.
- ^ "MacKenzie attack draws Scots fire". BBC News. 12 October 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/scotland/glasgow_and_west/7041128.stm. Retrieved 2007-12-17.
- ^ "Axe Grinder 31.03.06", Press Gazette (online edition), 30 March 2006. Retrieved on 4 May 2007.
- ^ "Good riddance, say Charlton fans as Kelvin MacKenzie deserts them", Guardian (online edition), 1 April 2009. Retrieved on 14 April 2012.
| Media offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Larry Lamb |
Editor of The Sun 1981–1994 |
Succeeded by Stuart Higgins |
| Persondata | |
|---|---|
| Name | Mackenzie, Kelvin |
| Alternative names | |
| Short description | |
| Date of birth | 22 October 1946 |
| Place of birth | London, United Kingdom |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
http://wn.com/Kelvin_MacKenzie
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This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License, which means that you can copy and modify it as long as the entire work (including additions) remains under this license.
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The kelvin is a unit of measurement for temperature. It is one of the seven base units in the International System of Units (SI) and is assigned the unit symbol K. The Kelvin scale is an absolute, thermodynamic temperature scale using as its null point absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases in the classical description of thermodynamics. The kelvin is defined as the fraction 1⁄273.16 of the thermodynamic temperature of the triple point of water (273.16 K (0.01 °C; 32.02 °F)).
The Kelvin scale is named after the Belfast-born, Glasgow University engineer and physicist William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin (1824–1907), who wrote of the need for an "absolute thermometric scale". Unlike the degree Fahrenheit and degree Celsius, the kelvin is not referred to or typeset as a degree. The kelvin is the primary unit of measurement in the physical sciences, but is often used in conjunction with the degree Celsius, which has the same magnitude. Subtracting 273.16 K from the triple point of water (0.01 °C) makes absolute zero (0 K) equivalent to −273.15 °C (−459.67 °F).
