The Wayback Machine - http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com:80/SNL
Monday, 25 June 2012
Saturday Night Live - Natalie Raps
The Dictator On SNL 'Saturday Night Live' with Martin Scorsese
Lana Del Rey - Video Games (Live on SNL)
Saturday Night Live - People Getting Punched
Saturday Night Live - Meeting
SNL *Iran so far*
Jimmy Fallon's SNL Audition
Saturday Night Live - Dick In A Box
SNL Promo: Lindsay Lohan
Jon Hamm Talks 'SNL' and 'Bridesmaids'
SNL Promo - Daniel Radcliffe
The Creep (feat. Nicki Minaj & John Waters)

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Saturday Night Live - Natalie Raps
  • Order:
  • Published: 12 Mar 2008
  • Duration: 2:38
  • Updated: 10 Jun 2012
Author: huluDotCom
Natalie Portman raps about drinking and fighting on Saturday Night Live.
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/Saturday Night Live - Natalie Raps
The Dictator On SNL 'Saturday Night Live' with Martin Scorsese
  • Order:
  • Published: 07 May 2012
  • Duration: 3:51
  • Updated: 10 Jun 2012
Author: FilmIsNowEU
Click to subscribe: bit.ly Here you'll find Movie Reviews, Movie Trailers, Celebrity Interviews, Movie and Entertainment News and much more! The Dictator On SNL 'Saturday Night Live' with Martin Scorsese: Saturday Night Live has always been a venue through which movie stars can publicize an upcoming release. It's also the kind of place where familiar names and faces pop up at the drop of a hat. Sacha Baron Cohen, in character as Admiral General Aladeen, stopped by Weekend Update to talk about his upcoming film, 'The Dictator.' He brought with him a very special guest/kidnapping victim who knows a thing or two about cinema. If you've been following the marketing for 'The Dictator,' you probably already have a pretty solid handle on the kind of schtick Cohen breaks out for the performance. He discusses the films he made in his homeland (including 'You've Got Mail Bomb' and 'The Fourteen Year Old Virgin') and reads a glowing review from New York Times film critic AO Scott (scrawled on a blood-splattered piece of paper, of course). Finally, he brings in a legendary filmmaker to vouch for his film's quality once and for all. Even if Cohen's style of comedy isn't for you, this is one of those "only on Saturday Night Live" kind of cameos. Check out our network: - www.youtube.com - www.youtube.com - www.youtube.com - www.youtube.com - www.youtube.com - www.youtube.com - www.youtube.com - www.youtube.com Follow us on Twitter: twitter.com New movie trailers every day! "The Dictator <b>...</b>
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/The Dictator On SNL 'Saturday Night Live' with Martin Scorsese
Lana Del Rey - Video Games (Live on SNL)
  • Order:
  • Published: 16 Jan 2012
  • Duration: 4:31
  • Updated: 10 Jun 2012
Author: LanaDelReyVEVO
Album Born To Die Out Now Buy the album: Amazon: www.smarturl.it iTunes: www.smarturl.it www.lanadelrey.com www.facebook.com twitter.com Lana Del Rey performing Blue Jeans live on Saturday Night Live, Jan. 14th 2012. © 2012 Interscope
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/Lana Del Rey - Video Games (Live on SNL)
Saturday Night Live - People Getting Punched
  • Order:
  • Published: 12 Mar 2008
  • Duration: 2:49
  • Updated: 10 Jun 2012
Author: huluDotCom
A SNL short about people getting punched.
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/Saturday Night Live - People Getting Punched
Saturday Night Live - Meeting
  • Order:
  • Published: 12 Mar 2008
  • Duration: 1:57
  • Updated: 09 Jun 2012
Author: huluDotCom
A diverse board meeting.
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/Saturday Night Live - Meeting
SNL *Iran so far*
  • Order:
  • Published: 13 Jan 2012
  • Duration: 3:01
  • Updated: 09 Jun 2012
Author: Tatumaco5TLISNL
NO COPYRIGHT INFRIGEMENT INTENDED! IS JUST FOR FUN! DON'T OWN SONG OR CLIPS It's reversed because the copyright Season 33 Episode 1 Andy Samberg & Adam Levine Directed by Akiva
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/SNL *Iran so far*
Saturday Night Live - Dick In A Box
  • Order:
  • Published: 12 Mar 2008
  • Duration: 2:55
  • Updated: 10 Jun 2012
Author: huluDotCom
Justin Timberlake's Dick In A Box is a holiday favorite.
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/Saturday Night Live - Dick In A Box
Jon Hamm Talks 'SNL' and 'Bridesmaids'
  • Order:
  • Published: 07 Mar 2012
  • Duration: 3:52
  • Updated: 05 Jun 2012
Author: TheEllenShow
He starred in one of Ellen's favorite movies, "Bridesmaids," and the handsome actor was here to tell Ellen about it, as well as his cameo on "Saturday Night Live"! He also played a game in which some of our audience members got to know him a lot better.
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/Jon Hamm Talks 'SNL' and 'Bridesmaids'
The Creep (feat. Nicki Minaj & John Waters)
  • Order:
  • Published: 30 Jan 2011
  • Duration: 2:45
  • Updated: 10 Jun 2012
Author: thelonelyisland
Buy at iTunes: goo.gl New album on sale now! turtleneckandchain.com The 2nd Single from The Lonely Island's upcoming 2nd album! Featuring Nicki Minaj and John Waters! The Lonely Island is Andy Samberg, Akiva Schaffer & Jorma Taccone As seen on Saturday Night Live (SNL Digital Short) Twitter @thelonelyisland
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/The Creep (feat. Nicki Minaj & John Waters)
Call Your Girlfriend SNL.mov
  • Order:
  • Published: 12 Dec 2011
  • Duration: 3:53
  • Updated: 09 Jun 2012
Author: whereistheothersock
Behind the scenes on SNL's writing night. 4:30am. Why not make a music video? We love Robyn!
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/Call Your Girlfriend SNL.mov
Karmin - Brokenhearted (Live on SNL)
  • Order:
  • Published: 12 Feb 2012
  • Duration: 4:05
  • Updated: 10 Jun 2012
Author: KarminVEVO
Music video by Karmin performing Brokenhearted on Saturday Night Live 2/11/12. (C) 2012 Epic Records, a division of Sony Music Entertainment
http://web.archive.org./web/20120625061543/http://wn.com/Karmin - Brokenhearted (Live on SNL)
  • Saturday Night Live - Natalie Raps...2:38
  • The Dictator On SNL 'Saturday Night Live' with Martin Scorsese...3:51
  • Lana Del Rey - Video Games (Live on SNL)...4:31
  • Saturday Night Live - People Getting Punched...2:49
  • Saturday Night Live - Meeting...1:57
  • SNL *Iran so far*...3:01
  • Saturday Night Live - Dick In A Box...2:55
  • Jon Hamm Talks 'SNL' and 'Bridesmaids'...3:52
  • The Creep (feat. Nicki Minaj & John Waters)...2:45
  • Call Your Girlfriend SNL.mov...3:53
  • Karmin - Brokenhearted (Live on SNL)...4:05
Natalie Portman raps about drinking and fighting on Saturday Night Live.
2:38
Sat­ur­day Night Live - Na­tal­ie Raps
Na­tal­ie Port­man raps about drink­ing and fight­ing on Sat­ur­day Night Live....
pub­lished: 12 Mar 2008
3:51
The Dic­ta­tor On SNL 'Sat­ur­day Night Live' with Mar­tin Scors­ese
Click to sub­scribe: bit.​ly Here you'll find Movie Re­views, Movie Trail­ers, Celebri­ty I...
pub­lished: 07 May 2012
au­thor: FilmIs­NowEU
4:31
Lana Del Rey - Video Games (Live on SNL)
Album Born To Die Out Now Buy the album: Ama­zon: www.​smarturl.​it iTunes: www.​smarturl.​it w...
pub­lished: 16 Jan 2012
2:49
Sat­ur­day Night Live - Peo­ple Get­ting Punched
A SNL short about peo­ple get­ting punched....
pub­lished: 12 Mar 2008
1:57
Sat­ur­day Night Live - Meet­ing
A di­verse board meet­ing....
pub­lished: 12 Mar 2008
3:01
SNL *Iran so far*
NO COPY­RIGHT IN­FRIGE­MENT IN­TEND­ED! IS JUST FOR FUN! DON'T OWN SONG OR CLIPS It's r...
pub­lished: 13 Jan 2012
8:03
Jimmy Fal­lon's SNL Au­di­tion
...
pub­lished: 10 Apr 2012
au­thor: mouthra­dio
2:55
Sat­ur­day Night Live - Dick In A Box
Justin Tim­ber­lake's Dick In A Box is a hol­i­day fa­vorite....
pub­lished: 12 Mar 2008
2:02
SNL Promo: Lind­say Lohan
...
pub­lished: 29 Feb 2012
au­thor: Arch­No­ble
3:52
Jon Hamm Talks 'SNL' and 'Brides­maids'
He starred in one of Ellen's fa­vorite movies, "Brides­maids," and the hand­som...
pub­lished: 07 Mar 2012
1:43
SNL Promo - Daniel Rad­cliffe
...
pub­lished: 11 Jan 2012
au­thor: Plac­itusAmor
2:45
The Creep (feat. Nicki Minaj & John Wa­ters)
Buy at iTunes: goo.​gl New album on sale now! turtleneckandchain.​com The 2nd Sin­gle from Th...
pub­lished: 30 Jan 2011
3:53
Call Your Girl­friend SNL.​mov
Be­hind the scenes on SNL's writ­ing night. 4:30am. Why not make a music video? We love ...
pub­lished: 12 Dec 2011
4:05
Karmin - Bro­ken­heart­ed (Live on SNL)
Music video by Karmin per­form­ing Bro­ken­heart­ed on Sat­ur­day Night Live 2/11/12. (C) 2012 Ep...
pub­lished: 12 Feb 2012
au­thor: Karmin­VE­VO
3:48
Lana Del Rey - Blue Jeans (Live on SNL)
Lana Del Rey per­form­ing Born To Die live on Sat­ur­day Night Live, Jan. 14th 2012. © 20...
pub­lished: 16 Jan 2012
3:36
Robyn / SNL Dance Com­par­i­son
...
pub­lished: 13 Dec 2011
au­thor: juneculp
3:59
Robyn - Call Your Girl­friend (Live on SNL)
Music video by Robyn per­form­ing Call Your Girl­friend (Live on SNL). © 2011 In­ter­scope...
pub­lished: 15 Dec 2011
au­thor: Robyn­VE­VO
6:41
Just Dance - SNL Zooey De­schanel, MIA Bad Girls, In Liv­ing Color Fly Girls, Wendy Williams
Zooey De­schanel hosts SNL, and Os­car-nom­i­nat­ed actor Jean Du­jardin of The Artist stops by ...
pub­lished: 16 Feb 2012
au­thor: DanceOn
3:44
Ellie Gould­ing - Lights (Live on SNL)
Ellie Gould­ing per­form­ing "Lights" on Sat­ur­day Night Live May 7, 2011 © 201...
pub­lished: 09 May 2011
2:05
Stephen A. Smith re­acts to Jay Pharoah's SNL Im­pres­sion
Stephen A. Smith re­acts to Jay Pharoah's Sat­ur­day Night Live im­per­son­ation of him on S...
pub­lished: 21 May 2012
au­thor: ESPN
7:11
Just Dance - SNL Chan­ning Tatum, Madon­na, Gram­my Awards, Smash, Cleve­land Show, Dance Moms
Chan­ning Tatum shows off his danc­ing skills through­out all of Sat­ur­day Night Live (SNL). M...
pub­lished: 09 Feb 2012
au­thor: DanceOn
4:52
Bill Hader's Ste­fon
The hi­lar­i­ous Bill Hader as Ste­fon, cov­er­ing St. Patrick's Day ac­tiv­i­ties (feat. the k...
pub­lished: 13 Mar 2012
au­thor: jaibird13


  • SNL's main stage, seen during rehearsals. The Saturday Night Live Band does a mid-morning rehearsal.
    Creative Commons / Jamie jca
Yahoo Daily News GEICO Corp. once again topped all property and casualty writers in terms of advertising dollars spent in 2011. The direct insurer spent just under $1 billion in 2011 employing a screaming pig and a talking gecko, among several other motifs, on television, radio, billboards and Internet banners...(size: 2.4Kb)
IMDb Los Angeles and New York, June 21, 2012ICM Partners announced today that it has hired Ayala Cohen, the veteran executive who oversaw the talent...(size: 1.0Kb)
The Hollywood Reporter share Ayala Cohen Ayala Cohen, who oversaw the talent department of Saturday Night Live, has joined ICM Partners.our editor recommendsRomney Sons on 'Conan': Mitt Loves 'SNL,' Falls For Schwarzenegger Prank Cohen, who spent 19 years work on SNL, will join the agency’s talent department in New...(size: 3.1Kb)
Palm Beach Post 30 Rock star Tracy Morgan will return to the Palm Beach Improv stage tonight and Saturday....(size: 0.6Kb)
The Hollywood Reporter share Meghan Sinclair / Team Coco Romney Boys: No, it's not a hit Broadway musical (yet), but rather the handsome brood of Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney, all five of whom appeared on the Conan couch last night to answer some softball questions about their dad.our editor...(size: 3.2Kb)
The Hollywood Reporter Prior to working on HBO's comedy Veep, Julia Louis-Dreyfus shares with the roundtable guests what it was like working...(size: 0.8Kb)
The Los Angeles Times "Saturday Night Live" had its share of great episodes this season, but few delivered more laughs than Maya Rudolph's turn as host in February, which Emmy voters surely will consider before nomination polls close on June 28. The former "SNL" cast member broke down a few of the night’s best...(size: 30.2Kb)
Huffington Post "Saturday Night Live" has proven to be an one of the most respected places to cultivate and discover new talent, both on and off camera. Plenty of famous comedians, writers, actors, producers and even composers have been part of the "SNL" team over the years. But for every famous alum like Eddie...(size: 6.6Kb)
Yahoo Daily News Comedian-actor Kevin Nealon lends his talent to clever, attention-getting PSA, calls for end to senseless killing of treatable, adoptable animals in LA shelters. NKLA is a campaign of Best Friends Animal Society with the goal to end the killing of animals in LA city shelters by 2017. Visit...(size: 5.5Kb)
more news on: Snl
Saturday Night Live
File:Saturday Night Live Title Card.jpeg
Also known as NBC's Saturday Night (1975–1977)
Saturday Night Live '80 (1980)
Format Sketch comedy
Comedy
Variety
Stand-up comedy
Created by Lorne Michaels
Directed by Dave Wilson (1975–1986, 1989–1995)
Paul Miller (1986–1989)
Beth McCarthy-Miller (1995–2006)
Don Roy King (2006–present)
Starring See Saturday Night Live cast members
Narrated by Don Pardo (1975–1981, 1982–present)
Bill Hanrahan (1981)
Mel Brandt (1981–1982)
Country of origin United States
Language(s) English
No. of seasons 37
No. of episodes 724 (List of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s) Lorne Michaels
(1975–1980, 1985–present)
Jean Doumanian
(1980–1981)
Dick Ebersol
(1981–1985)
Running time 90 minutes (including commercials)
Production company(s) Broadway Video (1981–present)
NBC (1975–1982)
Dolphin Productions (1975–1982)
NBC Productions (1982–1996)
NBC Studios (1996–1999)
SNL Studios (1999–present)
Broadcast
Original channel NBC
Picture format 480i (SDTV)
1080i (HDTV)
Original run October 11, 1975 – present
Chronology
Related shows TV Funhouse
Saturday Night Live Weekend Update Thursday
External links
Website

Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol.[1] The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title of NBC's Saturday Night. The show revolves around a series of sketches parodying American culture and politics,[2] performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members.[2][3] Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest who delivers an opening monologue and takes part in sketches with the cast, and features a musical guest who also performs. SNL normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, "Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!", beginning the show proper.[4]

Michaels left the series in 1980 to explore other opportunities, and he was replaced by Jean Doumanian who led the show to disastrous reviews and was replaced by Ebersol after one season. Ebersol continued to run the show until 1985, when Michaels returned and where he has remained since. Many of SNL's cast found national stardom while appearing on the show and achieved success in film and television, both in front of and behind the camera. In particular, SNL has helped launch the careers of Dan Aykroyd, John Belushi, Chevy Chase, Jimmy Fallon, Will Ferrell, Tina Fey, Eddie Murphy, Bill Murray, Mike Myers, and Adam Sandler. Additionally others associated with the show such as writers have gone on to successful careers, including Conan O'Brien, Max Brooks, Stephen Colbert, Larry David, Al Franken, Sarah Silverman, and Robert Smigel.

Broadcast from Studio 8H at NBC's headquarters in the GE Building, SNL has aired 724 episodes since its debut and ended its thirty-seventh season on May 19, 2012, making it one of the longest-running network television programs in the United States as of 2012. The show format has been developed and recreated in several countries including Spain, Italy, Japan, and South Korea, each meeting with different levels of success. Successful sketches have seen life outside of the show as feature films although only two met with critical and financial success: The Blues Brothers (1980) and Wayne's World (1992). The show has been marketed in other ways including home media releases of seasons, books, and documentaries about the behind-the-scenes activities of running and developing the show.

Throughout its more than three decades on air, Saturday Night Live has received a number of awards, including 21 Primetime Emmy Awards, a Peabody Award, and three Writers Guild of America Awards. In 2000, it was inducted into the National Association of Broadcasters Hall of Fame. It was ranked tenth on TV Guide's "50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time" list, and in 2007 it was listed as one of Time magazine's "100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME." In 2009, it received 13 Emmy nominations bringing the show to a total of 126, giving it the most Emmy nominations in television history. The live aspect of the show has resulted in several controversies and acts of censorship, with mistakes and intentional acts of sabotage by performers and guests alike.

Contents

Development[link]

History of Saturday Night Live series:

1975–1980
(seasons 1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
1980–1985
(seasons 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
1985–1990
(seasons 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
1990–1995
(seasons 16, 17, 18, 19, 20)
1995–2000
(seasons 21, 22, 23, 24, 25)
2000–2005
(seasons 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
2005–2010
(seasons 31, 32, 33, 34, 35)
2010–present
(seasons 36, 37, 38)
Weekend Update

From 1965 until September 1975, NBC ran The Best of Carson reruns of The Tonight Show, airing them on either Saturday or Sunday night, at local affiliates' discretion, (originally known as The Saturday/Sunday Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson). In 1974, Johnny Carson announced that he wanted the weekend shows pulled and saved so that they could be aired during weekdays, allowing him to take time off.[5]

NBC president Herbert Schlosser approached his vice president of late night programming Dick Ebersol in 1974 and asked him to create a show to fill the Saturday night timeslot. Schlosser and Ebersol then approached Lorne Michaels, wanting to create a variety show that would push the boundaries with its edgy style of humor. Ebersol knew Michaels was capable of creating a show since he had worked on Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In. The show was set, and Michaels searched for people to join the staff. He hired Dan Aykroyd, John Belushi, Chevy Chase, George Coe, Jane Curtin, Garrett Morris, Laraine Newman, Michael O'Donoghue, and Gilda Radner to the cast. Originally, the show was called NBC's Saturday Night, as Saturday Night Live was in use by Saturday Night Live with Howard Cosell on the rival network ABC.[6] NBC purchased the rights to the name in 1976 and officially adopted the new title on March 26, 1977.[7]

The show was an instant hit following its debut, and as a result, the cast members became suddenly famous. Chase left the show during the second season and was replaced by a new and upcoming comic named Bill Murray. Aykroyd and Belushi left the show after season four. In 1980, after season five, Michaels, emotionally and physically exhausted, requested to put the show on hiatus for a year to give him time to pursue other ideas.[8] Concerned that the show would be cancelled without him, Michaels suggested writers Al Franken and Tom Davis take his place, but then-NBC president Fred Silverman disliked Franken, and after Franken performed "Limo for a Lame-O", a scathing critique of Silverman's presidency, Silverman was furious at Franken, and blamed Lorne for approving the sketch. [9] Unable to get the deal he wanted, Michaels chose to leave NBC for Paramount Pictures, intending to take his associate-producer Jean Doumanian with him. Michaels later learned that Doumanian had been given his position at SNL after being recommended by her friend, NBC vice-president Barbara Gallagher.[10] Michaels' departure led to most of the cast and writing staff leaving the show.[11]

The reputation of the show as a springboard to fame meant many aspiring stars were eager to join the new series. Doumainan was tasked with hiring a full cast and writing staff in less than three months, and NBC immediately cut the show's budget from the previous $1 million per episode down to just $350,000. Doumainan faced resentment and sabotage from the remaining Michaels staff, particularly males who did not appreciate a woman believing she could take Michael's place.[12] The season was a disaster, ratings plummeted and audiences failed to connect to the original casts' replacements like Charles Rocket and Ann Risley,[13] but her fate was sealed when, during a sketch, Rocket said "fuck" on live television.[14] After only ten months Doumainan was dismissed.[13][15] Although executives suggested SNL be left to die, Network chief Brandon Tartikoff wanted to keep the show going, believing the concept was more important to the network than money. Tartikoff turned to Ebersol, who had been previously fired by Silverman.[16] Ebersol gained Michaels' approval in an attempt to avoid the same staff sabotage that had blighted Doumanian's tenure.[17]

"He [Lorne Michaels] put me on TV, and no one else would have done that. Lorne created a show that's impacted culture for over 35 years. No one has ever really successfully been able to replicate it."
-- Tina Fey on Michaels' influence on comedy.[18]

Ebersol's tenure saw commercial success but was considered lackluster compared to the Michaels era, apart from the breakout of cast member Eddie Murphy.[19] Murphy, the main draw of the cast, left in 1983 to pursue his already successful film career, and Ebersol decided to again rebuild the cast, breaking with history by hiring established comedians like Billy Crystal and Martin Short who could bring their already successful material to the show.[20] Ebersol's final year with this new cast is considered one of the funniest of the series, but had strayed far from the precedent-shattering show that Michaels had created.[21] After that season, Ebersol wanted a more significant revamp, including departing from the show's established "live" format.[citation needed] Following unsuccessful forays into film and television, in need of money, and eager not to see Tartikoff cancel the show,[22] Michaels finally returned in 1985 after Ebersol opted not to. The show was again recast, with Michaels borrowing Ebersol's idea, and seeking out established acts like Joan Cusack and Robert Downey, Jr..[23] The cast and writers struggled creatively, and in April 1986, Tartikoff made the decision to cancel the show, until he was convinced by Bernie Brillstein to give it one more year.[24] The show was renewed but for the first time in its history, for only thirteen episodes instead of the usual twenty-two.[25] Michaels again fired most of the cast and, learning his lesson from the previous seasons, sought out unknown talent like Dana Carvey and Phil Hartman instead of known names.[25]

The show ran successfully again until it lost two of its biggest stars, Carvey and Hartman, between 1992 and 1994. Wanting to increase SNL's profitability, then-NBC West Coast president Don Ohlmeyer and other executives began to actively interfere in the show, recommending that new stars like Chris Farley and Adam Sandler be fired, and the show faced increasing criticism from the press and cast, in part encouraged by the NBC executives hoping to weaken Michaels' position.[26] Michaels' return restored an association with NBC that has lasted nearly 30 years. As head of Broadway Video and SNL Studios, Michaels has profited from the talent he's helped introduce, producing the TV series Late Night (during the eras of Conan O'Brien and Jimmy Fallon – both SNL alumni), 30 Rock (a comedy created by former SNL head writer Tina Fey, and loosely based on her experiences in that role), and Up All Night, starring fomer SNL cast member Maya Rudolph. Michaels also produced the TV film All You Need Is Cash, and a lengthy list of feature films based on SNL sketches; the most commercially and critically successful of these was Wayne's World.[27]

Cast and crew[link]

Cast[link]

The original 1975 cast of SNL, officially known on-air as "The Not Ready For Prime-Time Players",[28] a term coined by writer Herb Sargent,[29] included Laraine Newman, John Belushi, Jane Curtin, Gilda Radner, Dan Aykroyd, Garrett Morris and Chevy Chase. Radner was the first person hired after Michaels himself. Although Chase became a performer, he was hired on a one-year writer contract, and refused to sign the performer contract that was repeatedly given to him, allowing him to leave the show after the first season in 1976.[30] Newman was brought aboard after having a prior working relationship with Michaels.[31] Morris was initially brought in as a writer, but attempts to have him fired by another writer led Michaels to have Morris audition for the cast, where he turned in a successful performance.[32] Curtin and Belushi were the last two cast to be hired.[31] Belushi held a disdain for television and had repeatedly turned down offers to appear on other shows, but decided to work with the show because of the involvement of Radner, and writers Anne Beatts and Michael O'Donoghue.[33] Michaels was still reluctant to hire Belushi, believing he would be a source of trouble for the show, but Beatts, O'Donoghue, and Ebersol successfully argued for his inclusion.[33] After Chase left the show, he was replaced by Bill Murray who Michaels had intended to hire for the first season cast, but was unable to due to budget restrictions.[34] When Chase returned to host in 1978, he found the remaining cast resentful at his departure and his success, particularly Belushi. Murray, goaded by the rest of the cast, and Chase came to blows shortly before the show.[35] Chase's departure for film made Michaels possessive of his talent; he threatened to fire Aykroyd if he took the role of D-Day in the 1978 comedy Animal House, and later refused to allow SNL musician Paul Shaffer to participate in The Blues Brothers (1980) with Aykroyd and Belushi after they left in 1979 to pursue film careers.[36][37] Michaels began to struggle to hold the remaining cast together in the wake of Chase, Aykroyd, and Belushi's independent successes. Radner had a one-woman Broadway show and Murray starred in the 1979 comedy Meatballs.[38] In 1980, when Michaels chose to leave the series to pursue other interests, he was followed by the remaining original cast, Curtin, Newman, and Morris, Murray, and additional cast members.[37]

The Doumainan era cast faced immediate comparison to the beloved former cast and were not received favorably.[13] Ebersol fired the majority of her hires, except for two unknown comedians; Eddie Murphy and Joe Piscopo.[39] Talent coordinator Neil Levy claimed Murphy contacted and pleaded with him for a role on the show, and after seeing him audition, Levy fought with Doumainan to cast him instead of Robert Townsend. Doumainan wanted only one black cast member and favored Townsend, but Levy convinced her to choose Murphy. Doumainan however also claimed credit for discovering Murphy and fighting with NBC executives to bring him onto the show.[40] Even so, Murphy would languish as a background character until Ebersol took charge,[41] after which Murphy was credited with much of that era's success.[42] Murphy's star exploded, and he quickly appeared in films like 48 Hrs. and Trading Places, before leaving for his film career in early 1984. Much of the Ebersol cast departed after the 1983-1984 season and were replaced with established comedians who could supply their own material, but at an inflated cost; Billy Crystal and Martin Short were paid $25,000 and $20,000 respectively, a far cry from earlier salaries.[20] Michaels' return in 1985 saw a cast reset that featured established talent like Robert Downey Jr., Jon Lovitz, and Dennis Miller.[43] The season was poorly received, and another reset followed in 1986. Learning his lesson from the previous season, Michaels avoided known talent in favor of actual ability. He spared Lovitz, Miller, and Nora Dunn, and brought in new, untested talent like Dana Carvey, Phil Hartman, and Jan Hooks, who together would define a new era on the show into the early 1990s.[44] The cast continued on for the next decade with the addition of new talent like Mike Myers, Adam Sandler, and Chris Farley, but by 1995, Carvey, Hartman, and Myers had left, and increasing network pressure forced Michaels to fire Sandler and Farley.[45] The show saw its next major overhaul, bringing in a new cast including Will Ferrell, Tina Fey, and Jimmy Fallon.[45]

As of 2012, SNL has featured more than 129 cast members including Rachel Dratch, Amy Poehler, Chris Rock, David Spade, Will Forte, Julia Louis-Dreyfus, Tracy Morgan, Chris Parnell, Maya Rudolph, and Kristen Wiig. Darrell Hammond is the longest serving cast member, having been a part of the cast for fourteen years between 1995 and 2009.[46] Those selected to join the cast of SNL are normally already accomplished performers, recruited from improvisational comedy groups such as The Groundlings (Ferrell, Hartman,[47] Lovitz, and Wiig[48]) and The Second City (Aykroyd, Farley, Fey,[49] and Tim Meadows), or established stand-up comedians (Carvey, Sandler, Rock, and Norm MacDonald), who already possess the training or experience necessary for SNL.[50]

Of the many roles available in the show, one of the longest running, and most coveted, is being the host of "Weekend Update", a segment which has alternated between having one or two hosts, and which allows the cast members involved to perform as themselves and be on camera for an extended period of time.[51] Many of the "Weekend Update" hosts have gone on to find greater success outside of the show, including: Chase, Murray,[51] Miller, MacDonald,[52] Fey,[51] Fallon,[53] and Poehler. Since 2008, Seth Meyers has been the solo host of "Weekend Update", having previously co-hosted with Poehler since 2006.[51]

As of the 2011-2012 season, the cast is divided into two tiers: the more established group of repertory players; and newer, unproven cast members known as featured players, who may eventually be promoted to the repertory stable. The show's current cast is listed below:[54]

Current Repertory players Current Featured players

Cast were often contracted from anywhere between five and six years to the show,[55][56] but starting with the 1999-2000 season, new hires were tied to a rewritten contract that allowed NBC to take a cast member in at least their second year and put them in a NBC sitcom. Cast are given the option of rejecting the first two sitcom offers but must accept the third offer, with the sitcom contract length dictated by NBC and potentially lasting up to six years.[56] The move drew criticism from talent agents and managers who believed that a cast member could be locked into a contract with NBC for twelve years; six on SNL and then six on a sitcom. The contract also optioned the cast member for three feature films produced by SNL Films, a company owned by NBC, Paramount Pictures, and Michaels. The new contracts were reportedly developed after many previously unknown cast, like Myers and Sandler, gained fame on SNL only to leave and make money for other studios.[56] In a 2010 interview, Wiig was reported to be contracted to SNL for a total of seven years.[57] The contracts also contain a network option which allows NBC to remove a cast member at any time.[58] In the first season of the show, cast were paid $750 per episode, rising to $2,000 by season 2, and $4,000 by season 4.[59] By the late 1990s, new cast members received a salary between $5,000[56] and $5,500 per episode,[58] increasing to $6,000 in the second year and up to $12,500 for a cast member in their fifth year.[58] Performers could earn an additional $1,500 per episode for writing a sketch which made it to air.[58] In 2001, Ferrell became the highest paid cast member, being paid $350,000 per season (approximately $17,500 per episode).[60]

Writers[link]

Lorne Michaels in April 2008, attending SNL alumnae Tina Fey and Amy Poehler's film Baby Mama.

As of the 2011-2012 season, Meyers is the show's head writer, having been co-head writer since the 2005-2006 season and becoming the single head writer as of the 2008-2009 season.[61] The "Weekend Update" segment has its own dedicated team of writers led by head writer and producer Alex Baze as of the 2011-2012 season.[62][63] Scenes on "Weekend Update" that involve members of the cast acting in-character alongside the host are often written by staff writers outside of the dedicated team whom know those characters better.[63]

SNL writers are often also performers or experienced in writing and improvisational comedy. Many are hired from similar backgrounds such as The Groundlings, Second City, Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre, and ImprovOlympic.[37] Experienced writers with backgrounds in television shows are also sometimes brought into the SNL writing room. Like the SNL cast that step before the cameras, many of the writers have been able to find their own success outside the show such as O'Brien, who was brought into SNL from The Groundlings, went on to writing for The Simpsons, and eventually began hosting his own show,[64] and former head writer Adam McKay who, along with performer Ferrell, founded the successful comedy website Funny or Die.[65] In 2000, Fey became the first female SNL head writer[66][67] and successfully transitioned into starring on the show,[68] as well as writing and starring in feature films,[69][70][71] and ultimately creating and starring in her own show 30 Rock—partly based on her SNL experiences.[72] In 2005, Fey was being paid $1.5 million per season for her dual role as head writer and performer.[73]

Announcer[link]

Don Pardo served as the announcer for the series when it first began,[74] and has continued in the role for all but season 7 between 1981–1982, when Michaels had left and Mel Brandt and Bill Hanrahan filled the announcing role. In 2004, Pardo announced that he would step down from his position, but then continued in the role before again announcing his retirement in 2009, but then continue into the 2009-2010 season.[74] In 2010, then 92-year old Pardo was reported to be again considering his retirement, but as of the 2011-2012 season he remains as the announcer. Apart from a brief period in 2006 in which Pardo pre-recorded his announcements at his home in Arizona, he has flown to New York City to perform his announcing duties live.[74] Cast member Darrell Hammond also periodically impersonated Pardo and fulfilled his announcing duties when Pardo was unavailable.[75]

[edit] The SNL Band

The Saturday Night Live Band (also known as "The Live Band") is the house band for SNL. Academy Award-winning composer Howard Shore served as the first musical director, from 1975 to 1980, appearing in many musical sketches, including Howard Shore and His All-Nurse Band and (backing a U. S. Coast Guard chorus) Howard Shore and the Shore Patrol. Over the years, the band has featured several New York studio musicians including Paul Shaffer (1975–1980), Lou Marini (1975–1983), David Sanborn (1975), Michael Brecker (early 1980s), Ray Chew (1980–1983), Alan Rubin (1975–1983), Georg Wadenius (1979–1985), Steve Ferrone (1985), David Johansen (performing as Buster Poindexter), Tom Malone (who took over as musical director from 1981 to 1985), and G. E. Smith (musical director from 1985 to 1995). The band is currently under the leadership of Tower of Power alumnus Lenny Pickett and keyboardists Leon Pendarvis and Katreese Barnes. The number of musicians has varied over the years, but the basic instrumentation has been three saxophones, one trombone, one trumpet, and a rhythm section featuring two keyboards, a guitar, bass, drums, and an extra percussionist, not a permanent part of the band until Valerie Naranjo's arrival in 1995. The 1983–1984 and 1984–1985 seasons featured the smallest band, a six-piece combo. The band plays instrumentals leading in and out of station breaks; affiliates who run no advertising during these interludes hear the band play complete songs behind a Saturday Night Live bumper graphic until the program resumes.[76]

Hosts and musical guests[link]

A typical episode of SNL will feature a single host chosen for their popularity, novelty, or because they had a film, album or other work releasing near the time of their show appearance.[77] The host delivers the opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast. Traditionally the host of the show ends the opening monologue by introducing the musical guest for the night. Comedian George Carlin was the first to host SNL in the debut October 1975 episode;[78] three episodes later, Candice Bergen became the first female host[79] and the first to host more than once.[80] Hosts have been drawn from a wide spectrum of backgrounds, from actors, such as Danny DeVito, Buck Henry, and John Goodman,[77] to musicians, like George Harrison,[81] and Dolly Parton,[82], politicians such as former-president Gerald Ford, president Barack Obama, and Hilary Clinton,[83] and political activist Ralph Nader.[77] Guests that have hosted five or more times are sometimes referred to as belonging to the Five-Timers Club, a term that originated on a sketch performed on Tom Hanks' fifth episode. As of September 24, 2011, actor Alec Baldwin holds the record for most times hosting, having performed the duty on sixteen different occasions since 1990; Baldwin took the record from actor Steve Martin who has hosted fifteen times since 1976.[84]

Each episode also features a musical guest, a solo act or a band, who perform two to three musical numbers. Occasionally, the musical guest has also simultaneously served as the host. As of May 19, 2012, Dave Grohl is the most frequent musical guest, performing on eleven shows since 1992.[85] Michaels does not allow musical guests to perform using lip-synching tracks,[86] believing it diminishes the live aspect of the show. Exceptions are only made when the musical act is focused on intense dance routines instead of vocals, where it is difficult to be both heavily physically active and sing simultaneously.[87] A 1975 performance by pop group ABBA was the first and only act to feature lip-synching,[86] until the controversial 2004 performance of Ashlee Simpson.

Production[link]

GE Building (30 Rockefeller Plaza, or "30 Rock") where the show is filmed

The studio[link]

Since the show's inception, SNL has aired from Studio 8H, located on floors 8 and 9 of the GE Building (30 Rockefeller Plaza, or "30 Rock"). The studio had previously been used as a radio soundstage for Arturo Toscanini and his NBC Symphony Orchestra.[88] Michaels was originally left aghast upon inspecting Studio 8H in 1975, finding it technically limited, outdated, and in need of repair,[89] lacking the capacity to host a live show.[88] Michaels demanded that NBC executives rebuild the studio and improve the acoustics to accommodate the intended musical acts,[88] at a cost of approximately $300,000.[88]

During the summer 2005 shooting hiatus, crews began renovations on Studio 8H. With its thirty-first season premiere in October 2005, the show began broadcasting in high-definition television, appearing letterboxed on conventional television screens. Three of the first four shows of the 1976–77 season were shot at the former NBC Studios in Brooklyn, due to NBC News using Studio 8H for Presidential election coverage.[90] The offices of SNL writers, producers, and other staff can be found on the 17th floor of "30 Rock".[91]

Creating an episode[link]

The production process of a typical episode has been documented in several sources including documentaries, interviews, and books. The common elements of the production process, as based on these documents, are as follows:

Production on an SNL episode will normally start on a Monday with a free-form pitch meeting[92][93][94] between the cast, writers, producers including Michaels, and the guest host, in Michaels' office, over two hours. The host is invited to pitch ideas during this meeting. Although some sketch writing may occur on the day, the bulk of the work revolves around pitching ideas. Tuesday is the only day dedicated purely to writing the scripts,[93] a process which can extend through the night into the following Wednesday. Writing may not begin until 8pm on the Tuesday evening.[92][94] At 5pm on Wednesday, the sketches are read during a round-table meeting in the writers room,[94] attended by the writers and producers present during the pitch meeting, technical experts such as make-up artists, who may be required to realize certain sketch ideas such as those using prosthetics, and other producers, resulting in an attendance of approximately fifty people.[95] At this point there may be at least 40 sketch ideas which are read-through in turn, lasting upwards of three hours.[95]

After completion of the read-through, Michaels, the head writer, the guest host, and some of the show producers will move to Michaels' office to decide the layout of the show and decide which of the sketches will be developed for air. Once complete, the writers and cast are allowed into Michaels' office to view the show breakdown and learn whether or not their sketch has survived.[96] Sketches may be rewritten starting the same day,[93] but will certainly commence on Thursday, work focuses on developing and rewriting the remaining sketches,[92] and possibly rehearsals.[94] If a sketch is still scheduled beyond Thursday, it is rehearsed on Friday or Saturday[93] before moving to a rehearsal before a live audience at 8pm, again on Saturday before the live show.[92][94] After the rehearsal, Michaels will review the show lineup to ensure it meets a 90-minute length, and sketches that have made it as far as the live rehearsal may be removed.[97] This often results in less than two days of rehearsal for the eight to twelve sketches that have made it to the stage that then may appear on the live broadcast.[92] The opening monologue, spoken by the guest host, is given low priority and can be written as late as Saturday afternoon.[98]

According to an interview with Fey in 2004, the three to four member dedicated "Weekend Update" writing team will write jokes throughout the week. The host(s) of "Weekend Update" will normally not work with, or read the scripts from, the team until Thursday evening, after the main show sketches have been finalized. The host(s) will then work on contributing to the script where necessary.[99][100]

Post-production[link]

With onsite facilities housed on floors 8 and 17 of Rockefeller Plaza, post-production duties on live broadcasts of Saturday Night Live include the mixing of audio and video elements by the Senior Audio Mixer, coupled with additional audio feeds consisting of music, sound effects, music scoring and pre-recorded voiceovers. All sources are stored digitally, with shows captured and segregated into individual elements to reorganise for future repeats and syndication. The production tracking system was migrated from primarily analogue to digital in 1998, with live shows typically requiring 1.5 Terabytes of storage, consisting of audio elements and 5 cameras worth of visual elements.[101] Elements of Saturday Night Live that are pre-recorded, such as certain commercial parodies, SNL Digital Shorts, and show graphics are processed off-site in the post-production facilities of Broadway Video.[102][103]

Filming and photography[link]

Studio 8H production facilities are maintained by NBC Production Services. Video camera equipment includes four Sony BVP-700 CCD cameras, and two Sony BVP-750 CCD handheld cameras, both using Vinten pedestals. A GVG 4000-3 digital component production switcher, and GVG 7000 digital component routing switcher are used to route visual feeds to the control room, with multiple digital and analogue video recorders used to store footage. Graphics are provided by a Chyron Infinit! character generator and a Quantel PictureBox. Audio facilities consist of a Calrec T Series digitally controlled analogue mixing console, and a Yamaha digital mixing console used for tape playback support and utility audio work.[104]

As of 2009, the opening title sequence and opening montage is shot using the Canon EOS 5D Mark II and Canon EOS 7D digital SLR cameras. Typical elements are recorded at 30 fps, with slow-motion sequences shot at 60 fps, both in full 1080p high definition.[105]

Edie Baskin was the original SNL photographer. She was hired after Michaels saw her photographs of Las Vegas and other work. Baskin helped create the opening title sequence for the show by taking photos of New York City at night.[106] The first episode used publicity photos of Carlin as transitional bumpers between the show and commercial breaks, the second episode used photos Baskin had already taken of then host Paul Simon. It was then that Michaels suggested that Baskin photograph the hosts for the bumpers instead of using publicity photos, beginning a tradition which continues today.[107]

Since 1999, Mary Ellen Matthews has been the official photographer of SNL, responsible for devising distinctive photo layouts and aesthetics for still imagery used on the show. Matthews creates photo portraits of the hosts and musical guests of each episode which are used as commercial bumpers. The limited time frame between the host's involvement in the production process and the Live show requires Matthews to create makeshift photo studios on site at 30 Rock, with Matthews attempting to shoot the host on Tuesday and the musical guest on Thursday, although the availability of either can mean the photoshoot for both occurs as late as Thursday.[108] Matthews employs flattering portrait lighting with hard lights to achieve a Hollywood style. On the lighting, Matthews commented: "I think it just helps the image pop off the screen...If you use soft or flat lighting, it becomes not as dimensional...The [classic Hollywood lighting] gives a little more contrast, and if I use edge lights and then light the background, it goes farther and farther back. I try to achieve that depth as much as I can."[109] Matthews is also responsible for taking cast photos, behind the scenes images, documenting rehearsals, and promotional photos. As of 2010, she has also been involved in directing videos, including the show title sequence.[109]

Broadcast[link]

SNL's main stage, seen during rehearsals

The show usually begins at 11:29:30 p.m. Eastern Time (10:29:30 p.m. Central Time)[2][not in citation given], unless a delay occurs. The show broadcasts for one and a half hours, ending at 1 a.m. For the Mountain (except for KSNG and KSNK because even though they are counties in Kansas in the Mountain time zone, they are in the Wichita Market, they air at 9:29:30 p.m. Mountain Time) and Pacific time zones, NBC airs the prerecorded live show usually unedited, mistakes notwithstanding. After the intro skit, the show always starts with the words: "Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!"

NBC and Broadway Video both hold the underlying rights to the show, while the copyright to every episode lies solely with NBC. From 1990 until 2004, Comedy Central and its predecessor Ha! re-aired reruns of the series, after which E! Entertainment Television signed a deal to reruns.[110] Abbreviated thirty and sixty minute versions of the first five seasons aired as The Best of Saturday Night Live in syndication beginning in the 1980s and later on Nick at Nite in 1988. In September 2010, reruns of most episodes post-1998 began to air on VH1.[111]

Because SNL has been a huge success in America, other countries have created their own versions of the show, including Spain, Italy and Japan.[112] Spain's version of show was short lived, only lasting a few episodes which aired on Thursdays and not Saturdays as the title suggested. This version copied heavily from the American version, in that they did their own versions of sketches that were already done on the original series.[112] Unlike Spain's version, Italy's was a success. Saturday Night Live From Milan, as it is called, is currently airing its fourth season. SNLFM follows the original format, but uses new material not done already on the American version.[112][113] In June 2011, Japan's version debuted. Saturday Night Live: Japan was created in part with Lorne Michaels' production company, Broadway Video and broadcast on Fuji TV networks. The show follows the same format with a few minor differences. SNLJ is only 45 minutes long and (for now) is hosted by a permanent host. The cast is made up of seasoned comedians who take center stage and newcomers who play the background roles.[112][113][114][115] On December 3, 2011, South Korea's Saturday Night Live KOREA debuted on TVN.[116][117] SNL Korea's season will last eight weeks.[118] SNLK follows the format of the original but it has new sketches. It has its own versions of SNL Digital Shorts and Weekend Update. The show features musical guests who appear once at the beginning and once near the end of each episode. SNL is aired in The Middle East and North Africa on OSNComedy every Saturday night, one week after it airs in the U.S.[119]

Delays[link]

  • The episode scheduled for October 25, 1986, hosted by Rosanna Arquette, was not aired until November 8 due to NBC broadcasting Game 6 of the 1986 World Series between the New York Mets and Boston Red Sox; the game entered extra innings, causing that night's broadcast of SNL to be canceled. The show was recorded for the studio audience starting at 1:30 a.m. Eastern Time, and broadcast two weeks later with an "apology" by Mets pitcher Ron Darling. (He explained that the Mets players had all been happy and excited to win the World Series game, widely considered one of the most memorable in the event's 109-year history, but of course they all had become upset and glum when, in the locker room afterwards, they found out that they had caused the first-ever cancellation of SNL. Footage showed the depressed players sadly staring at the locker room floor in shame.)
  • The episode scheduled for February 10, 2001, hosted by Jennifer Lopez, aired 45 minutes late due to an XFL game. Lopez and the cast were not told they were airing on a delay.[120] Michaels was so upset by the delay that the episode was re-run a mere three weeks later, and the fledgeling league actually changed the rules in order to speed up play so that no such incident would happen again.[121]
  • During Murphy's last season, he negotiated to record a number of extra sketches in September 1983 that featured him and were broadcast in episodes for which he was not available. His last live show was with host Edwin Newman on February 25, 1984.[122]
  • The January 9, 2010, show hosted by Charles Barkley was delayed for 36 minutes when NBC's coverage of an NFL Wild Card playoff game between the Philadelphia Eagles and the Dallas Cowboys ran late.
  • The January 8, 2011, show hosted by Jim Carrey was delayed for 16 minutes when NBC's live broadcast of the NFL's AFC Wild Card playoff game between the New York Jets and the Indianapolis Colts ran late.
  • The January 7, 2012, show hosted by Charles Barkley was delayed for 22 minutes when NBC's coverage of an NFL Wild Card Playoff Game between the New Orleans Saints and the Detroit Lions ran late.

Reception[link]

In 2002, the show was ranked tenth on TV Guide's 50 Greatest TV Shows of All Time,[123] while in 2007 it was honored with inclusion on Time magazine's list of "100 Best TV Shows of All-TIME."[2][124]

Accolades[link]

Saturday Night Live has won numerous awards since its debut, including 21 Primetime Emmy Awards,[125] 2 Peabody Awards,[126] and 3 Writers Guild of America Awards.[127] In 2009, it received a total of 13 Emmy nominations for a lifetime total of 126, breaking the record for the most award nominated show in Emmy history, previously set with 124 by hospital drama ER.[128][129] As of January 2012, it has received a total of 142 Emmy nominations.[2]

Electoral impact[link]

SNL has also had an effect on elections. Voters had reported that political sketches that were shown on the show had influenced them in the voting booth. The media dubbed this as the The SNL Effect. The so-called SNL Effect was observed during the 2008 presidential campaign according to Mike Dabadie. Two-thirds of voters who responded to a poll said they had seen a broadcast of politically charged content on SNL, with ten percent saying that it had made a difference in their decision. Barack Obama was the beneficiary of the political content, with 59 percent saying they did in fact cast a vote for the then-Democratic nominee.[130]

However in the Democratic presidential primary campaign, Hillary Clinton received more favorable treatment than Barack Obama. During the campaign Fey famously quipped about the then-Senator that "bitches get stuff done" and that "bitch is the new black." [131]

Merchandise[link]

Home media[link]

Currently, Universal Studios Home Entertainment and Lions Gate Entertainment hold video rights to the series. Universal has issued complete season DVD sets to the first few seasons, while Lionsgate's share of the rights are a result of prior contracts with NBC struck before the NBC Universal merger. A majority of Lionsgate's SNL DVDs are "Best Of..." compilations.

Books[link]

Saturday Night Live (ISBN 0-380-01801-2), the first authorized book about the series was published by Avon Books in 1977, and edited by Anne Beatts and John Head, with photography by Edie Baskin;[132] all three worked for SNL at the time the book was published. The oversized illustrated paperback included the scripts for several sketches by the 1975-1980 cast.[133] In 1989, Doug Hill and Jeff Weingrad authored Saturday Night: A Backstage History of Saturday Night Live (ISBN 0-688-05099-9), a behind-the-scenes look at the first ten seasons. Saturday Night Live: The First Twenty Years (ISBN 0-395-75284-1) by Michael Cader was released in 1994, and presented information about the cast, characters, and other memorable moments seen on the show from 1975 to 1994.[134]

Live From New York: An Uncensored History of Saturday Night Live, as Told By Its Stars, Writers and Guests (ISBN 0-316-73565-5) was released in 2002. The book, written by Tom Shales and James Andrew Miller, consists of interviews from people who have worked on the show. The interviews reveal personal experiences from what happened back stage and the difficulty of getting the show on air each week.[135] In 2004, former cast member Jay Mohr released his memoir Gasping for Airtime: Two Years in the Trenches of Saturday Night Live (ISBN 1-401-30801-5), about his struggles during his two seasons on the show between 1993 and 1995, dealing with getting sketches on air and the intense work schedule. Cast member Bobby Moynihan described the book as "a handbook on what NOT to do at SNL."[136]

Films[link]

SNL has made several efforts to develop some of the more popular sketches into feature length films, with varying degrees of commercial and critical success. The first foray into film came with the successful Aykroyd and Belushi vehicle, The Blues Brothers (1980), which earned over $115 million on a $27 million budget.[137] However, it was the success of Wayne's World (1992) that encouraged Michaels to produce more film spin-offs, based on several popular sketch characters. Michaels revived 1970s characters for Coneheads (1993), followed by It's Pat (1994); Stuart Saves His Family (1995); A Night at the Roxbury (1998); Superstar (1999) and The Ladies Man (2000). Some did moderately well, though others did not—notably, It's Pat, which did so badly at the box office that the studio which made the film, Touchstone Pictures (owned by The Walt Disney Company, which also owns NBC's rival ABC), pulled it only one week after releasing it,[138] and Stuart Saves His Family, with the latter losing $15 million. Many of these films were produced by Paramount Pictures. The films based on The Blues Brothers were produced by Universal Studios, which merged with NBC in 2004 to form NBC Universal (Universal also has a joint venture with Paramount for international distribution of the two studios' films).

Film Release date
(United States)
Budget
(estimated)
Box office revenue Distributor
United States Elsewhere Worldwide
The Blues Brothers June 20, 1980 $27 million $57,229,890 $58,000,000 $115,229,890 Universal
Wayne's World February 14, 1992 $20 million $121,697,323 $61,400,000 $183,097,323 Paramount
Coneheads July 23, 1993 N/A $21,274,717 N/A $21,274,717 Paramount
Wayne's World 2 December 10, 1993 $40 million $48,197,805 N/A $48,197,805 Paramount
It's Pat August 26, 1994 N/A $60,822 N/A $60,822 Touchstone
Stuart Saves His Family April 14, 1995 $15 million $912,082 $912,082 Paramount
Blues Brothers 2000 February 6, 1998 $28 million $14,051,384 N/A $14,051,384 Universal
A Night at the Roxbury October 2, 1998 $17 million $30,331,165 N/A $30,331,165 Paramount
Superstar October 8, 1999 $14 million $30,636,478 N/A $30,636,478 Paramount
The Ladies Man October 13, 2000 $24 million $13,743,212 $126,602 $13,616,610 Paramount
MacGruber May 21, 2010 $10 million $8,525,600 $797,295 $9,259,314 Universal

In addition, the 1999 comedy film Office Space originated from a series of Mike Judge animated short films that aired on SNL in 1993.[139]

The character Bob Roberts from the Tim Robbins film of the same name, first appeared on SNL in a short film about the conservative folk singer.

The group The Folksmen first appeared on SNL, performing the song "Old Joe's Place" before later appearing in the film A Mighty Wind. The three members of the Folksmen were the same three comedians: Harry Shearer, Michael McKean, and Christopher Guest, who also appeared on the same episode as the rock group Spinal Tap. At the time of the appearance (the 1984–85 season), Shearer and Guest were cast members.

Music[link]

In 2005, the comedy troupe The Lonely Island, consisting of SNL members Andy Samberg, Akiva Schaffer, and Jorma Taccone, gained national exposure after joining the show and debuting their skit music video "Lazy Sunday", written with fellow cast member Chris Parnell. The song became a surprise hit,[140] and convinced Michaels to encourage the troupe to develop more comedy songs. Further successes with songs including "Like A Boss, "Jizz in My Pants," "I'm on a Boat," "We Like Sportz", "Boombox," and "Dick in a Box"—which won an Emmy for Outstanding Original Music and Lyrics in 2007[141]—saw The Lonely Island go on to release two albums, Incredibad (2009)[142] and Turtleneck & Chain (2011), containing SNL-developed songs and original works. The albums were released by Universal Republic Records who were provided with a license to the SNL songs by NBC and Broadway Video.

Other[link]

Several programs have documented the behind-the-scenes events of the show. A 60 Minutes report taped in October 2004 depicted the intense writing frenzy that goes on during the week leading up to a show, with crowded meetings and long hours. The report particularly noted the involvement of the guest host(s) in developing and selecting the sketches in which they will appear. Similarly, there has been an A&E episode of Biography which covered the production process, as well as an episode of TV Tales in 2002 on E!. In 2010, Saturday Night, a 94-minute documentary by actor James Franco in his directorial debut, was released which follows the production process of the December 6, 2008, episode hosted by John Malkovich, from the concept stage to the episode actually airing live. Although it originated as a 5-minute short film for his New York University film class, Michaels granted Franco access to the process, allowing the project to be expanded.[94]

In September 2011, ice-cream company Ben & Jerry's released a limited-edition ice cream called "Schweddy Balls", inspired by a late 1990s sketch of the same name starring Alec Baldwin, Ana Gasteyer and Molly Shannon.[143] The ice cream became the fastest-selling Ben & Jerry's limited-edition flavor. The ice cream was also subject to criticism and boycotts by the One Million Moms organization over the "vulgar"[144] name. Some retail chains chose not to sell the flavor, but declined to say if the decision was of their own discretion or based on the One Million Moms boycotts.[145][144]

Controversies[link]

Censorship[link]

In some cases, a sketch was censored in repeat broadcasts.

  • On October 18, 1986, Sam Kinison delivered a stand-up routine which saw the broadcast sound and picture cut twice, replaced with an image of the previous seasons' cast. The first cutaway occurred when Kinison began asking for the legalization of cannabis and said: "You can't get any more pot. If you give us back the pot, we'll forget about the crack".[146] The joke violated NBC policy of the time that all references to drugs must be negative. The second, longer cutaway occurred when Kinison made a joke about the crucifixion, with viewers seeing the broadcast cut, returning at the end of Kinison's performance. Kinison had not performed the drug joke during rehearsals, but had performed and been asked to remove the crucifixion joke during the live broadcast, which he failed to do. Although the censorship was applied to the West Coast and later airings, the live show contained the unedited footage.[146]
  • In a November 21, 1992, "Wayne's World" sketch, the characters Wayne and Garth (portrayed by Myers and Carvey, respectively) made fun of Chelsea Clinton (the then 12-year-old daughter of the then President-elect Bill Clinton), implying that Chelsea was incapable of causing males to "Schwing!". This joke was subsequently edited out of all repeats and syndication rebroadcasts of this sketch.[147]
  • A portion of Martin Lawrence's February 19, 1994, monologue concerning feminine hygiene has been removed from all repeats, replaced with a voice-over and intertitles stating that the excised portion "...was a frank and lively presentation, and nearly cost us all our jobs."[148]
  • In 1995, an Irish Bartender sketch, written by Mohr, was aired. By April 15, 1995, during the Saturday rehearsal, Mohr was brought to Michaels, and shown a video of the Irish Bartender act as performed by its creator, Rick Shapiro. Mohr denied any knowledge of Shapiro or his act at the time, but later admitted in his memoir that he had stolen the sketch word for word from Shapiro's work. Shapiro and his manager sued the show and gained an undisclosed settlement which involved the sketch being removed from all reruns of the show.[149]
  • In March 1998, a Robert Smigel animated short film, "Conspiracy Theory Rock", aired. The short is a scathing political sketch accusing corporations including Disney, FOX, and then-owners of NBC General Electric, of developing a media monopoly to manipulate public perception, and conceal questionable actions. The clip aired only once as part of the original SNL episode and was removed from syndicated repeats with Michaels explaining that it "wasn't funny". The clip was eventually released as part of the Saturday TV Funhouse compilation DVD in 2006.[150]
  • A sketch involving "butt pregnancy" during the first broadcast of the November 12, 2005, episode was replaced with a musical sketch about cafeteria food during the repeat.[151]
  • On September 27, 2009, Jenny Slate made her SNL debut in a biker babe sketch alongside Wiig and actress Megan Fox, where their characters repeatedly use the word "frickin'". During one instance Slate instead accidentally said "fuckin'", which was dubbed over with "freakin'" for subsequent airings.[152]
  • The show was forced by the network to run on a five-second delay when controversial comedian Richard Pryor hosted.[153]

Andrew Dice Clay[link]

Andrew Dice Clay was scheduled as host on the May 12, 1990, episode. Cast member Nora Dunn immediately announced to the press that she was boycotting the show in protest at Clay's perceived misogynistic, politically incorrect act, doing so without informing Michaels, the cast or most of the crew about her intent.[154] The backlash was immediate; casting Clay was compared to the Holocaust by an audience member during an interview with Michaels,[155] female members of the cast and crew were harassed by phone and mail for sticking with the show, and metal detectors were installed at the show to enhance security. NBC censors insisted that the episode be placed on a delay to compensate for anything Clay might say on air.[156] During the live show, some audience members heckled Clay and were immediately removed by the increased security detail.[157] Dunn's contract was already coming to an end, and with one episode left in the season, the staff voted against having her take part in the final episode or return.[158] Sinéad O'Connor was scheduled to be the musical guest for the episode, but she boycotted the show because of Clay's involvement, forcing the producers to find musical replacements.[159]

Sinéad O'Connor[link]

On October 3, 1992, O'Connor was scheduled to appear, performing an a cappella performance of Bob Marley's "War". During the dress rehearsal, O'Connor held up a photo of a Balkan child as a protest for child abuse in war before bowing and leaving the stage, which the episode's director Dave Wilson described as a "very tender moment".[160] However, during the live show, O'Connor altered the "War" lyric "fight racial injustice" to "fight child abuse" as a protest against the cases of sexual abuse in the Roman Catholic Church. She presented a photo of Pope John Paul II while singing the word "evil", before tearing the image into pieces and saying "Fight the real enemy".[160][161] NBC had no foreknowledge of O'Connor's plan, and Wilson purposely failed to use the "applause" button, leaving the audience to sit in silence. Michaels made the decision to allow O'Connor to take the stage with the rest of the cast at the end of the show, for which he was later punished.[why?] NBC received thousands of irate calls in the aftermath of the incident, and protests against O'Connor occurred outside of the 30 Rock building, where a steamroller crushed dozens of her tapes, CD's and LP's.[160] In the following weeks on SNL, guests Joe Pesci and Madonna both voiced their lack of support for O'Connor.[160][161]

As of 2012, NBC still declines to rebroadcast the sequence with the exception of an interview with O'Connor on MSNBC's The Rachel Maddow Show, which aired on April 24, 2010, when the clip was aired in full. In reruns the incident is replaced with the dress rehearsal performance. The original episode was made available on volume four of the SNL DVD special Saturday Night Live - 25 Years of Music, with an introduction by Michaels about the incident. On February 20, 2011, the clip was aired on the SNL special "Backstage" showing footage of the dress rehearsal and live performance side by side. The footage cuts to interviewees during the moment the photo was ripped.[citation needed]

The incident was mocked during an episode of the television show 30 Rock, in which a woman in the role of an NBC page comes onto stage and tears a picture of O'Connor in half.[162]

Rage Against the Machine[link]

On April 13, 1996, musical guests Rage Against the Machine (RATM) were scheduled to perform two songs. The show was hosted that night by ex-Republican presidential candidate and billionaire Steve Forbes. According to RATM guitarist Tom Morello, "RATM wanted to stand in sharp juxtaposition to a billionaire telling jokes and promoting his flat tax by making our own statement."[163] To this end, the band hung two upside-down American flags from their amplifiers. Seconds before they took the stage to perform "Bulls on Parade", SNL and NBC sent stagehands in to pull the flags down.[164] Following the removal of the flags during the first performance, the band was approached by SNL and NBC officials and ordered to immediately leave the building. Upon hearing this, bassist Tim Commerford reportedly stormed Forbes' dressing room, throwing shreds from one of the torn down flags. Morello noted that members of the SNL cast and crew, whom he declined to name, "expressed solidarity with our actions, and a sense of shame that their show had censored the performance."[163]

Ashlee Simpson[link]

Ashlee Simpson appeared as a musical guest on October 23, 2004. Her first performance, "Pieces of Me," was performed without incident, but when she began her second song, "Autobiography," the vocals for "Pieces of Me" were heard again—before she had even raised the microphone to her mouth. Simpson began to do an impromptu jig, and then left the stage.[165] During the closing of the show Simpson appeared with the guest host Jude Law and said: "I'm so sorry. My band started playing the wrong song, and I didn't know what to do, so I thought I'd do a hoedown."[166][167]

On October 25, Simpson called in to the music video show Total Request Live and explained that due to complications arising from severe acid reflux disease, which had previously been seen bothering her in The Ashlee Simpson Show, she had completely lost her voice and her doctor had advised her not to sing. She said that because of the acid reflux, her father wanted her to use a vocal guide track for the performance after Simpson had suffered vocal issues during an earlier rehearsal.[87] Simpson stated of the incident, "I made a complete fool of myself." According to Simpson, the drummer hit the wrong button, which caused the wrong track to be played.[168] Michaels had been unaware of the plan to use lip synching, saying in an interview with 60 Minutes that he would not have allowed it.[87] Simpson is the only musical guest to ever walk off stage during a live performance.[87]

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Bibliography

Further reading[link]

  • Cader, Michael (1994). Saturday Night Live: The First Twenty Years. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-70895-8.
  • Hill, Doug, and Jeff Weingrad (1986). Saturday Night: A Backstage History of Saturday Night Live. New York: Beech Tree Books. ISBN 0-688-05099-9.
  • Streeter, Michael (2005). Nothing Lost Forever: The Films of Tom Schiller. New York: BearManor Media. ISBN 1-59393-032-1.

External links[link]

http://wn.com/Saturday_Night_Live



Martin Scorsese

Scorsese at the Tribeca Film Festival, 2007
Born Martin Charles Scorsese
(1942-11-17) November 17, 1942 (age 69)
Queens, New York, USA
Nationality American
Education Cardinal Hayes High School
Alma mater New York University (B.A.)
NYU Tisch School of the Arts (M.F.A.)
Occupation Film director, producer, actor, screenwriter
Years active 1963–present
Influenced by in alphabetical order: Michael Powell & Emeric Pressburger,[1] Satyajit Ray[2]
Spouse Laraine Marie Brennan (1965–ca 71; divorced)
Julia Cameron (1976–77; divorced)
Isabella Rossellini (1979–82; divorced)
Barbara De Fina (1985–91; divorced)
Helen Morris (1999–present)
Parents Charles Scorsese,
Catherine Scorsese

Martin Charles Scorsese[3] (play /skɔrˈsɛsɛ/;[4] born November 17, 1942)[5][6][7][8] is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, actor, and film historian. In 1990 he founded The Film Foundation, a non-profit organization dedicated to film preservation, and in 2007 he founded the World Cinema Foundation. He is a recipient of the AFI Life Achievement Award for his contributions to the cinema, and has won Academy Award, Palme d'Or, Emmys, Golden Globes, BAFTAs, and DGA Awards.

Scorsese's body of work addresses such themes as Italian American identity, Roman Catholic concepts of guilt and redemption,[9] machismo, modern crime, and violence. Scorsese is hailed as one of the most significant and influential filmmakers of all time, directing landmark films such as Mean Streets (1973), Taxi Driver (1976), Raging Bull (1980), and Goodfellas (1990) – all of which he collaborated on with actor and close friend Robert De Niro.[10] He won the Academy Award for Best Director for The Departed (2006), having been nominated a previous five times.

Contents

Early life[link]

From left: Salvo Cuccia, Martin Scorsese and Vittorio De Seta at the 2005 Tribeca Film Festival.

Martin Scorsese grew up in New York City. His father, Charles Scorsese (1913–1993), and mother, Catherine Scorsese (born Cappa; 1912–1997), both worked in New York's Garment District. His father was a clothes presser and an actor, and his mother was a seamstress and an actress.[11] His father's parents emigrated from Polizzi Generosa, in the province of Palermo, Sicily, and his mother was also of Italian descent. Scorsese was raised in a devoutly Catholic environment.[12] As a boy, he had asthma and couldn't play sports or do any activities with other kids and so his parents and his older brother would often take him to movie theaters; it was at this stage in his life that he developed passion for cinema. Enamored of historical epics in his adolescence, at least two films of the genre, Land of the Pharaohs and El Cid, appear to have had a deep and lasting impact on his cinematic psyche. Scorsese also developed an admiration for neorealist cinema at this time. He recounted its influence in a documentary on Italian neorealism, and commented on how Bicycle Thieves alongside Paisà, Rome, Open City inspired him and how this influenced his view or portrayal of his Sicilian genes. In his documentary, Il Mio Viaggio in Italia, Scorsese noted that the Sicilian episode of Roberto Rossellini's Paisà which he first saw on television alongside his relatives, who were themselves Sicilian immigrants, made a significant impact on his life.[2] He acknowledges owing a great debt to the French New Wave and has stated that "the French New Wave has influenced all filmmakers who have worked since, whether they saw the films or not."[13] He has also cited filmmakers like Satyajit Ray, Ingmar Bergman, Michelangelo Antonioni, Federico Fellini as a major influence on his career.[2][14][15][16][17] His initial desire to become a priest[18] while attending Cardinal Hayes High School in the Bronx gave way to cinema, and, consequently, Scorsese enrolled in NYU's University College of Arts and Science, (now known as the College of Arts and Science), where he earned a B.A. in English in 1964. He went on to earn his M.F.A. from NYU's Tisch School of the Arts in 1966, a year after the school was founded.[19]

Family[link]

Scorsese has been married five times. His first wife was Laraine Marie Brennan; they have a daughter, Catherine. He married the writer Julia Cameron in 1976; they have a daughter, Domenica Cameron-Scorsese, who is an actress and appeared in The Age of Innocence, but the marriage lasted only a year. The divorce was acrimonious and served as the basis of Cameron's first feature, the dark comedy, God's Will,[20] which also starred their daughter, Domenica.[21][22] Their daughter also had a small role in Cape Fear using the name Domenica Scorsese and has continued to act, write, direct and produce.[23]

He was married to actress Isabella Rossellini from 1979 to their divorce in 1983. He then married producer Barbara De Fina in 1985; their marriage ended in divorce as well, in 1991. He has been married to Helen Morris since 1999; they have a daughter, Francesca, who appeared in The Departed and The Aviator. He is based in New York City.

Scorsese has commented, "I'm a lapsed Catholic. But I am Roman Catholic, there's no way out of it."[24]

Career[link]

Early career[link]

Scorsese attended New York University's film school (B.A., English, 1964; M.F.A., film, 1966)[25] making the short films What's a Nice Girl Like You Doing in a Place Like This? (1963) and It's Not Just You, Murray! (1964). His most famous short of the period is the darkly comic The Big Shave (1967), which features Peter Bernuth. The film is an indictment of America's involvement in Vietnam, suggested by its alternative title Viet '67.[26] Scorsese has mentioned on several occasions that he was greatly inspired in his early days at New York University by his Armenian-American film professor Haig P. Manoogian.

In 1967, Scorsese made his first feature-length film, the black and white I Call First, which was later retitled Who's That Knocking at My Door with his fellow students actor Harvey Keitel and editor Thelma Schoonmaker, both of whom were to become long-term collaborators. This film was intended to be the first of Scorsese's semi-autobiographical 'J.R. Trilogy', which also would have included his later film, Mean Streets.

1970s[link]

From there he became friends with the influential "movie brats" of the 1970s: Francis Ford Coppola, Brian De Palma, George Lucas, and Steven Spielberg. It was Brian De Palma who introduced Scorsese to Robert De Niro. During this period he worked as the assistant director and one of the editors on the documentary Woodstock and met actor-director John Cassavetes, who would also go on to become a close friend and mentor.[27] Scorsese is also credited as one of the cameramen who photographed the infamous late-1969 Altamont rock festival for the 1970 Rolling Stones film "Gimme Shelter".

[edit] Mean Streets

In 1972 Scorsese made the Depression-era exploiter Boxcar Bertha for B-movie producer Roger Corman, who also helped directors such as Francis Ford Coppola, James Cameron, and John Sayles launch their careers. It was Corman who taught Scorsese that entertaining films could be shot with next to no money or time, preparing the young director well for the challenges to come with Mean Streets. Following the film's release, Cassavetes encouraged Scorsese to make the films that he wanted to make, rather than someone else's projects.

Championed by influential movie critic Pauline Kael, Mean Streets was a breakthrough for Scorsese, De Niro, and Keitel. By now the signature Scorsese style was in place: macho posturing, bloody violence, Catholic guilt and redemption, gritty New York locale (though the majority of Mean Streets was actually shot in Los Angeles), rapid-fire editing, and a rock soundtrack. Although the film was innovative, its wired atmosphere, edgy documentary style, and gritty street-level direction owed a debt to directors Cassavetes, Samuel Fuller, and early Jean-Luc Godard.[28] (Indeed the film was completed with much encouragement from Cassavetes, who felt Boxcar Bertha was undeserving of the young director's prodigious talent.)[27]

In 1974, actress Ellen Burstyn chose Scorsese to direct her in Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore, for which she won an Academy Award for Best Actress. Although well regarded, the film remains an anomaly in the director's early career, as it focuses on a central female character. Returning to Little Italy to explore his ethnic roots, Scorsese next came up with Italianamerican, a documentary featuring his parents, Charles and Catherine Scorsese.

[edit] Taxi Driver

Taxi Driver followed in 1976 – Scorsese's dark, urban nightmare of one lonely man's slow, deliberate descent into insanity.

The film established Scorsese as an accomplished filmmaker and also brought attention to cinematographer Michael Chapman, whose style tends towards high contrasts, strong colors and complex camera movements. The film starred Robert De Niro as the troubled and psychotic Travis Bickle. The film co-starred Jodie Foster in a highly controversial role as an underage prostitute, and Harvey Keitel as her pimp, Matthew, called "Sport."

Taxi Driver also marked the start of a series of collaborations between Scorsese and writer Paul Schrader, whose influences included the diary of would-be assassin Arthur Bremer and Pickpocket, a film by the French director Robert Bresson. Writer/director Schrader often returns to Bresson's work in films such as American Gigolo, Light Sleeper, and Scorsese's later Bringing Out the Dead.[29]

Already controversial upon its release, Taxi Driver hit the headlines again five years later, when John Hinckley, Jr. made an assassination attempt on then-President Ronald Reagan. He subsequently blamed his act on his obsession with Jodie Foster's Taxi Driver character (in the film, De Niro's character, Travis Bickle, makes an assassination attempt on a senator).[30]

Taxi Driver won the Palme d'Or at the 1976 Cannes Film Festival,[31] also receiving four Oscar nominations, including Best Picture, although all were unsuccessful.

Scorsese was subsequently offered the role of Charles Manson in the movie Helter Skelter and a part in Sam Fuller's war movie The Big Red One, but he turned both down. However he did accept the role of a gangster in exploitation movie Cannonball directed by Paul Bartel. In this period there were also several directorial projects that never got off the ground including Haunted Summer, about Mary Shelley and a film with Marlon Brando about the Indian massacre at Wounded Knee.

[edit] New York, New York and The Last Waltz

The critical success of Taxi Driver encouraged Scorsese to move ahead with his first big-budget project: the highly stylized musical New York, New York. This tribute to Scorsese's home town and the classic Hollywood musical was a box-office failure.

New York, New York was the director's third collaboration with Robert De Niro, co-starring with Liza Minnelli (a tribute and allusion to her father, legendary musical director Vincente Minnelli). The film is best remembered today for the title theme song, which was popularized by Frank Sinatra. Although possessing Scorsese's usual visual panache and stylistic bravura, many critics felt its enclosed studio-bound atmosphere left it leaden in comparison to his earlier work.

Despite its weak reception, the film is regarded by some to be among the director's finest achievements. Richard Brody in the New Yorker wrote: "For Scorsese, a lifelong cinephile, the essence of New York could be found in its depiction in classic Hollywood movies. Remarkably, his backward-looking tribute to the golden age of musicals and noirish romantic melodramas turned out to be one of his most freewheeling and personal films." [32] Jean-Luc Godard is another admirer of the film.[33]

The disappointing reception that New York, New York received drove Scorsese into depression. By this stage the director had also developed a serious cocaine addiction. However, he did find the creative drive to make the highly regarded The Last Waltz, documenting the final concert by The Band. It was held at the Winterland Ballroom in San Francisco, and featured one of the most extensive lineups of prominent guest performers at a single concert, including Eric Clapton, Neil Young, Neil Diamond, Ringo Starr, Muddy Waters, Joni Mitchell, Bob Dylan, Paul Butterfield, Ronnie Wood and Van Morrison. However, Scorsese's commitments to other projects delayed the release of the film until 1978.

Another Scorsese-directed documentary entitled American Boy also appeared in 1978, focusing on Steven Prince, the cocky gun salesman who appeared in Taxi Driver. A period of wild partying followed, damaging the director's already fragile health.

Scorsese also helped provide footage for the documentary Elvis on Tour.

1980s[link]

[edit] Raging Bull

By several accounts (Scorsese's included), Robert De Niro practically saved Scorsese's life when he persuaded Scorsese to kick his cocaine addiction to make his highly regarded film, Raging Bull. Convinced that he would never make another movie, he poured his energies into making this violent biopic of middleweight boxing champion Jake LaMotta, calling it a Kamikaze method of film-making.[34] The film is widely viewed as a masterpiece and was voted the greatest film of the 1980s by Britain's Sight & Sound magazine.[35][36] It received eight Oscar nominations, including Best Picture, Best Actor for Robert De Niro, and Scorsese's first for Best Director. De Niro won, as did Thelma Schoonmaker for editing, but Best Director went to Robert Redford for Ordinary People.

Raging Bull, filmed in high contrast black and white, is where Scorsese's style reached its zenith: Taxi Driver and New York, New York had used elements of expressionism to replicate psychological points of view, but here the style was taken to new extremes, employing extensive slow-motion, complex tracking shots, and extravagant distortion of perspective (for example, the size of boxing rings would change from fight to fight).[37] Thematically too, the concerns carried on from Mean Streets and Taxi Driver: insecure males, violence, guilt, and redemption.

Although the screenplay for Raging Bull was credited to Paul Schrader and Mardik Martin (who earlier co-wrote Mean Streets), the finished script differed extensively from Schrader's original draft. It was re-written several times by various writers including Jay Cocks (who went on to co-script later Scorsese films The Age of Innocence and Gangs of New York). The final draft was largely written by Scorsese and Robert De Niro.[38]

The American Film Institute chose Raging Bull as the #1 American sports film on their list of the top 10 sports films.

[edit] The King of Comedy

Scorsese's next project was his fifth collaboration with Robert De Niro, The King of Comedy (1983). A satire on the world of media and celebrity, it was an obvious departure from the more emotionally committed films he had become associated with. Visually, it was far less kinetic than the style Scorsese had developed up until this point, often using a static camera and long takes.[39] The expressionism of his recent work here gave way to moments of almost total surrealism. It still bore many of Scorsese's trademarks, however, such as its focus on a troubled loner who ironically becomes famous through a criminal act (murder and kidnapping, respectively).[40]

The King of Comedy failed at the box office, but has become increasingly well regarded by critics in the years since its release. German director Wim Wenders numbered it among his fifteen favourite films.[41] Also, Scorsese apparently believes that this is the best performance De Niro ever gave for him.[citation needed]

Next Scorsese made a brief cameo appearance in the movie Anna Pavlova (also known as A Woman for All Time), originally intended to be directed by one of his heroes, Michael Powell. This led to a more significant role in Bertrand Tavernier's jazz movie Round Midnight.

In 1983 Scorsese began work on a long-cherished personal project, The Last Temptation of Christ, based on the 1951 (English translation 1960) novel written by Nikos Kazantzakis, who was introduced to the director by actress Barbara Hershey when they were both attending New York University in the late 1960s. The movie was slated to shoot under the Paramount Pictures banner, but shortly before principal photography was to commence, Paramount pulled the plug on the project, citing pressure from religious groups. In this aborted 1983 version, Aidan Quinn was cast as Jesus, and Sting was cast as Pontius Pilate. (In the 1988 version, these roles were played respectively by Willem Dafoe and David Bowie.)

[edit] After Hours

After the collapse of this project Scorsese again saw his career at a critical point, as he described in the documentary Filming for Your Life: Making 'After Hours' (2004). He saw that in the increasingly commercial world of 1980s Hollywood, the highly stylized and personal 1970s films he and others had built their careers on would not continue to enjoy the same status. Scorsese decided then on an almost totally new approach to his work. With After Hours (1985) he made an aesthetic shift back to a pared-down, almost "underground" film-making style – his way of staying viable. Filmed on an extremely low budget, on location, and at night in the SoHo neighborhood of Manhattan, the film is a black comedy about one increasingly misfortunate night for a mild New York word processor (Griffin Dunne) and featured cameos by such disparate actors as Teri Garr and Cheech and Chong. A bit of a stylistic anomaly for Scorsese, After Hours fits in well with popular low-budget "cult" films of the 1980s, e.g. Jonathan Demme's Something Wild and Alex Cox's Repo Man.

[edit] The Color of Money

Along with the 1987 Michael Jackson music video "Bad", in 1986 Scorsese made The Color of Money, a sequel to the much admired Robert Rossen film The Hustler (1961) with Paul Newman. Although typically visually assured, The Color of Money was the director's first foray into mainstream commercial film-making. It won actor Paul Newman a belated Oscar and gave Scorsese the clout to finally secure backing for a project that had been a long time goal for him: The Last Temptation of Christ. He also made a brief venture into television, directing an episode of Steven Spielberg's Amazing Stories.

[edit] The Last Temptation of Christ

After his mid-1980s flirtation with commercial Hollywood, Scorsese made a major return to personal film-making with the Paul Schrader-scripted The Last Temptation of Christ in 1988. Based on Nikos Kazantzakis's controversial 1960 book, it retold the life of Christ in human rather than divine terms. Even prior to its release the film caused a massive furore, worldwide protests against its blasphemy effectively turning a low budget independent movie into a media sensation.[42] Most controversy centered on the final passages of the film which depicted Christ marrying and raising a family with Mary Magdalene in a Satan-induced hallucination while on the cross.

Looking past the controversy, The Last Temptation of Christ gained critical acclaim and remains an important work in Scorsese's canon: an explicit attempt to wrestle with the spirituality which had under-pinned his films up until that point. The director went on to receive his second nomination for a Best Director Academy Award (again unsuccessfully, this time losing to Barry Levinson for Rain Man).

Along with directors Woody Allen and Francis Ford Coppola, in 1989 Scorsese provided one of three segments in the portmanteau film New York Stories, called "Life Lessons".

1990s[link]

[edit] Goodfellas

After a decade of mostly mixed results, Gangster epic Goodfellas (1990) was a return to form for Scorsese and his most confident and fully realized film since Raging Bull. De Niro and Joe Pesci in Goodfellas offered a virtuoso display of the director's bravura cinematic technique and re-established, enhanced, and consolidated his reputation. After the film was released Roger Ebert, a friend and supporter of Scorsese, named Goodfellas "the best mob movie ever" and is ranked #1 on Roger's movie list for 1990, along with Gene Siskel and Peter Travers, the film is widely considered one of the director's greatest achievements.[43][44][45]

However, Goodfellas also signified an important shift in tone in the director's work, inaugurating an era in his career which was technically accomplished but some have argued emotionally detached.[46] Despite this, many view Goodfellas as a Scorsese archetype – the apogee of his cinematic technique.

The film was nominated for six Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director, Scorsese earned his third Best Director nomination for Goodfellas but again lost to a first-time director, Kevin Costner (Dances With Wolves). Joe Pesci earned the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Goodfellas. Scorsese and the film won over a numerous of different awards, including five BAFTA Awards, a Silver Lion and more.

After the film, Goodfellas was acknowledged as the second best in the gangster film genre (after The Godfather). The American Film Institute put Goodfellas at #94 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list and on the 2007 updated version they moved Goodfellas up to #92 on the AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies list (10th Anniversary Edition) and they put Goodfellas at #2 on their list of the top 10 Gangster films.

In 1990, he acted in a cameo role as Vincent van Gogh in the film Dreams by legendary Japanese director Akira Kurosawa.

[edit] Cape Fear

1991 brought Cape Fear, a remake of a cult 1962 movie of the same name, and the director's seventh collaboration with De Niro. Another foray into the mainstream, the film was a stylized thriller taking its cues heavily from Alfred Hitchcock and Charles Laughton's The Night of the Hunter (1955). Cape Fear received a mixed critical reception and was lambasted in many quarters for its scenes depicting misogynistic violence. However, the lurid subject matter did give Scorsese a chance to experiment with a dazzling array of visual tricks and effects. The film garnered two Oscar nominations. Earning eighty million dollars domestically, it would stand as Scorsese's most commercially successful release until The Aviator (2004), and then The Departed (2006). The film also marked the first time Scorsese used wide-screen Panavision with an aspect ratio of 2.35:1.

[edit] The Age of Innocence

The opulent and handsomely mounted The Age of Innocence (1993) was on the surface a huge departure for Scorsese, a period adaptation of Edith Wharton's novel about the constrictive high society of late-19th Century New York. It was highly lauded by critics upon original release, but was a box office bomb, making an overall loss. As noted in Scorsese on Scorsese by editor/interviewer Ian Christie, the news that Scorsese wanted to make a film about a 19th Century failed romance raised many eyebrows among the film fraternity all the more when Scorsese made it clear that it was a personal project and not a studio for-hire job.

Scorsese was interested in doing a "romantic piece". His friend, Jay Cocks gave him the Wharton novel in 1980, suggesting that this should be the romantic piece Scorsese should film as Cocks felt it best represented his sensibility. In Scorsese on Scorsese he noted that:

"Although the film deals with New York aristocracy and a period of New York history that has been neglected, and although it deals with code and ritual, and with love that's not unrequited but unconsummated – which pretty much covers all the themes I usually deal with – when I read the book, I didn't say, 'Oh good, all those themes are here.'"

Scorsese, who was strongly drawn to the characters and the story of Wharton's text, wanted his film to be as rich an emotional experience as the book was to him rather than the traditional academic adaptations of literary works. To this aim, Scorsese sought influence from diverse period films which made an emotional impact on him. In Scorsese on Scorsese, he documents influences from films such as Luchino Visconti's Senso and his Il Gattopardo as well as Orson Welles's The Magnificent Ambersons and also Roberto Rossellini's La Prise de pouvoir par Louis XIV. Although The Age of Innocence was ultimately different than these films in terms of narrative, story and thematic concern, the presence of a lost society, of lost values as well as detailed re-creations of social customs and rituals continues the tradition of these films.

Recently, it has started to come back into the public eye, especially in countries such as the UK and France, but still is largely neglected in North America. The film earned five Academy Award nominations (including for Scorsese for Best Adapted Screenplay), winning the Costume Design Oscar. It also made a significant impact on directors such as Chinese auteur Tian Zhuangzhuang,[47] and British filmmaker Terence Davies,[48] both of whom ranked it among their ten favorite films.

This was his first collaboration with the Academy Award winning actor, Daniel Day-Lewis, with whom he would work again in Gangs of New York.

[edit] Casino

1995's expansive Casino, like The Age of Innocence before it, focused on a tightly wound male whose well-ordered life is disrupted by the arrival of unpredictable forces. The fact that it was a violent gangster film made it more palatable to fans of the director who perhaps were baffled by the apparent departure of the earlier film. Critically, however, Casino received mixed notices. In large part this was due to its huge stylistic similarities to his earlier Goodfellas, and its excessive violence that garnered it a reputation as possibly the most violent American gangster film ever made.[citation needed] Indeed many of the tropes and tricks of the earlier film resurfaced more or less intact, most obviously the casting of both Robert De Niro and Joe Pesci, Pesci once again being an unbridled psychopath. Sharon Stone was nominated for the Best Actress Academy Award for her performance.

During the filming Scorsese played a background part as a gambler at one of the tables. It is quite often rumored that a real game of poker was being held at the time between extras and that a pot of $2000 was at stake.[citation needed]

[edit] A Personal Journey with Martin Scorsese Through American Movies

Scorsese still found time for a four hour documentary in 1995 offering a thorough trek through American cinema. It covered the silent era to 1969, a year after which Scorsese began his feature career, stating "I wouldn't feel right commenting on myself or my contemporaries."

[edit] Kundun

If The Age of Innocence alienated and confused some fans, then Kundun (1997) went several steps further, offering an account of the early life of Tenzin Gyatso, the 14th Dalai Lama, the People's Liberation Army's entering of Tibet, and the Dalai Lama's subsequent exile to India. Not least a departure in subject matter, Kundun also saw Scorsese employing a fresh narrative and visual approach. Traditional dramatic devices were substituted for a trance-like meditation achieved through an elaborate tableau of colourful visual images.[49]

The film was a source of turmoil for its distributor, Disney, which was planning significant expansion into the Chinese market at the time. Initially defiant in the face of pressure from Chinese officials, Disney has since distanced itself from the project, hurting Kundun's commercial profile.

In the short term, the sheer eclecticism in evidence enhanced the director's reputation. In the long term however, it generally appears Kundun has been sidelined in most critical appraisals of the director, mostly noted as a stylistic and thematic detour. Kundun was the director's second attempt to profile the life of a great religious leader, following The Last Temptation of Christ.

[edit] Bringing Out the Dead

Bringing Out the Dead (1999) was a return to familiar territory, with the director and writer Paul Schrader constructing a pitch-black comic take on their own earlier Taxi Driver.[50] Like previous Scorsese-Schrader collaborations, its final scenes of spiritual redemption explicitly recalled the films of Robert Bresson.[51] (It's also worth noting that the film's incident-filled nocturnal setting is reminiscent of After Hours.) It received generally positive reviews,[52] although not the universal critical acclaim of some of his other films. It stars Nicolas Cage, Ving Rhames, John Goodman, Tom Sizemore, and Patricia Arquette.

2000s[link]

[edit] Gangs of New York

Scorsese at the Gangs of New York screening at the Cannes Film Festival with Leonardo DiCaprio and Cameron Diaz.

In 1999 Scorsese also produced a documentary on Italian filmmakers entitled Il Mio Viaggio in Italia, also known as My Voyage to Italy. The documentary foreshadowed the director's next project, the epic Gangs of New York (2002), influenced by (amongst many others) major Italian directors such as Luchino Visconti and filmed in its entirety at Rome's famous Cinecittà film studios.

With a production budget said to be in excess of $100 million, Gangs of New York was Scorsese's biggest and arguably most mainstream venture to date. Like The Age of Innocence, it was set in 19th-century New York, although focusing on the other end of the social scale (and like that film, also starring Daniel Day-Lewis). The film also marked the first collaboration between Scorsese and actor Leonardo DiCaprio, who since then has become a fixture in later Scorsese films.

The production was highly troubled with many rumors referring to the director's conflict with Miramax boss Harvey Weinstein.[53] Despite denials of artistic compromise, Gangs of New York revealed itself to be the director's most conventional film: standard film tropes which the director had traditionally avoided, such as characters existing purely for exposition purposes and explanatory flashbacks, here surfaced in abundance.[54][55][56] The original score composed by regular Scorsese collaborator Elmer Bernstein was rejected at a late stage for a score by Howard Shore and mainstream rock artists U2 and Peter Gabriel.[57] The final cut of the movie ran to 168 minutes, while the director's original cut was over 180 minutes in length.[54] The film still received generally positive reviews with the review tallying website Rotten Tomatoes reporting that 75% of the reviews they tallied for the film were positive and summarizing the critics by saying "Though flawed, the sprawling, messy Gangs of New York is redeemed by impressive production design and Day-Lewis's electrifying performance."[58]

Nonetheless, the themes central to the film were consistent with the director's established concerns: New York, violence as culturally endemic, and sub-cultural divisions down ethnic lines.

Originally filmed for a release in the winter of 2001 (to qualify for Academy Award nominations), Scorsese delayed the final production of the film until after the beginning of 2002; the studio consequently delayed the film for nearly a year until its release in the Oscar season of late 2002.[59]

Gangs of New York earned Scorsese his first Golden Globe for Best Director. In February 2003, Gangs of New York received ten Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Director, and Best Actor for Daniel Day-Lewis, however it did not win in any category.

Scorsese also had uncredited involvement as executive producer with the 2002 film Deuces Wild,[60] written by Paul Kimatian.

[edit] The Blues

The following year Scorsese completed production of The Blues, an expansive seven part documentary tracing the history of blues music from its African roots to the Mississippi Delta and beyond. Seven film-makers including Wim Wenders, Clint Eastwood, Mike Figgis, and Scorsese himself each contributed a 90 minute film (Scorsese's entry was entitled "Feel Like Going Home").

[edit] The Aviator

Scorsese's film The Aviator (2004), was a lavish, large-scale biopic of eccentric aviation pioneer and film mogul Howard Hughes and would reunite Scorsese with actor Leonardo DiCaprio. The film received highly positive reviews.[61][62][63][64][65] The film also met with widespread box office success and gained Academy recognition.

The Aviator was nominated for six Golden Globe awards, including Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director, Best Screenplay, and Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama for Leonardo DiCaprio. It won three, including Best Motion Picture – Drama and Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama. In January 2005, The Aviator became the most-nominated film of the 77th Academy Awards nominations, nominated in 11 categories including Best Picture. The film also garnered nominations in nearly all of the other major categories, including a fifth Best Director nomination for Scorsese, Best Actor in a Leading Role (Leonardo DiCaprio), Best Actress in a Supporting Role (Cate Blanchett), and Alan Alda for Best Actor in a Supporting Role. Despite having a leading tally, the film ended up with only five Oscars: Best Actress in a Supporting Role, Best Art Direction, Best Costume Design, Best Film Editing and Best Cinematography. Scorsese lost again, this time to director Clint Eastwood for Million Dollar Baby (which also won Best Picture).

[edit] No Direction Home

No Direction Home is a documentary film by Martin Scorsese that tells of the life of Bob Dylan, and his impact on American popular music and culture of the 20th century. The film does not cover Dylan's entire career; it focuses on his beginnings, his rise to fame in the 1960s, his then-controversial transformation from an acoustic guitar-based musician and performer to an electric guitar-influenced sound and his "retirement" from touring in 1966 following an infamous motorcycle accident. The film was first presented on television in both the United States (as part of the PBS American Masters series) and the United Kingdom (as part of the BBC Two Arena series) on September 26–27, 2005. A DVD version of the film was released that same month. The film won a Peabody award. In addition, Scorsese received an Emmy nomination for it.

[edit] The Departed

Scorsese returned to the crime genre with the Boston-set thriller The Departed, based on the Hong Kong police drama Infernal Affairs. Along with Matt Damon, Leonardo Di Caprio, The Departed was Scorsese's first collaboration with Jack Nicholson and Martin Sheen.

The Departed opened to widespread critical acclaim with some proclaiming it as one of the best efforts Scorsese had brought to the screen since 1990's Goodfellas,[66][67] and still others putting it at the same level as Scorsese's most celebrated classics Taxi Driver and Raging Bull.[68][69] With domestic box office receipts surpassing $129,402,536, The Departed was Scorsese's highest grossing film (not accounting for inflation) until 2010's Shutter Island.

Martin Scorsese's direction of The Departed earned him his second Golden Globe for Best Director, as well as a Critic's Choice Award, his first Director's Guild of America Award, and the Academy Award for Best Director. While being presented with the award, Scorsese said "Could you double-check the envelope?" It was presented to him by his longtime friends and colleagues Steven Spielberg, Francis Ford Coppola, and George Lucas. The Departed also received the Academy Award for the Best Motion Picture of 2006, Best Adapted Screenplay, and Best Film Editing by longtime Scorsese editor Thelma Schoonmaker, her third win for a Scorsese film, though many thought Scorsese deserved Academy Awards in his past films as well.

[edit] Shine a Light

Shine a Light is a concert film of rock and roll band The Rolling Stones' performances at New York City's Beacon Theater on October 29 and November 1, 2006, intercut with brief news and interview footage from throughout the band's career.

The film was initially scheduled for release on September 21, 2007, but Paramount Classics postponed its general release until April 2008. Its world premiere was at the opening of the 58th Berlinale Film Festival on February 7, 2008.

2010s[link]

[edit] Shutter Island

On October 22, 2007, Daily Variety reported that Scorsese would reunite with Leonardo DiCaprio on a fourth picture, Shutter Island. Principal photography on the Laeta Kalogridis screenplay, based on the novel of the same name by Dennis Lehane, began in Massachusetts in March 2008.[70][71]

In December 2007, actors Mark Ruffalo, Max von Sydow, Ben Kingsley, and Michelle Williams joined the cast,[72][73] marking the first time these four actors have worked with Scorsese. The film was released on February 19, 2010.[74] On May 20, 2010, the film was Scorsese's highest grossing film.[75]

[edit] Boardwalk Empire

Martin Scorsese in Cannes, 2010

Scorsese directed the series premiere for Boardwalk Empire, an HBO drama series,[76] starring Steve Buscemi and Michael Pitt, and based upon Nelson Johnson's book Boardwalk Empire: The Birth, High Times and Corruption of Atlantic City.[77] Terence Winter, who previously wrote for The Sopranos, created the series. In addition to directing the pilot (for which he won the 2011 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing), Scorsese also serves as an executive producer on the series.[77]

The series premiered on September 19, 2010 and was renewed for a second season. On October 12, 2011, the series was renewed again for a third season.[77]

[edit] Living in the Material World

Scorsese directed a three-and-a-half-hour documentary about the life and music of former Beatles member George Harrison, which premiered in the United States on HBO over two parts on October 5 and 6, 2011.[78]

[edit] Hugo

Hugo is a 3D adventure drama film based on Brian Selznick's novel The Invention of Hugo Cabret. The film stars Asa Butterfield, Chloë Grace Moretz, Ben Kingsley, Sacha Baron Cohen, Ray Winstone, Emily Mortimer and Jude Law. The film has been met with critical acclaim[79][80][81] and earned Scorsese his third Golden Globe Award for Best Director. The film was also nominated for eleven Academy Awards, winning five of them and becoming tied with Michel Hazanavicius's film The Artist for the most Academy Awards won by a single film in 2011. Hugo also won two BAFTA awards and a Golden Globe Award for Best Director, among other numerous awards and nominations.

Hugo is Scorsese’s first 3D film and was released in the US on November 23, 2011.[82]

Future films[link]

Scorsese's next movie stars Leonardo DiCaprio and is called The Wolf Of Wall Street.[83] Scorsese has also announced several potential future projects.[84] A documentary feature on Scorsese by artist Melinda Camber Porter was nearly complete when she lost her life to cancer. Scorsese anticipates filming an adaptation of Shusaku Endo's novel Silence, a drama about the voyages of two Portuguese Jesuit priests in Japan during the 17th Century. Scorsese had originally planned Silence as his next project following Shutter Island.[85] Scorsese reported that his long-planned Frank Sinatra biopic is coming up, with Phil Alden Robinson writing the screenplay.[86] He is also attached to direct The Irishman, which will star Robert De Niro, Joe Pesci and Al Pacino.[87] It has also been announced that Scorsese is attached to direct an adaptation of Norwegian crime writer Jo Nesbø's novel The Snowman.[88] In an interview discussing Hugo with Mark Kermode and Simon Mayo on their BBC Podcast Scorsese mentioned that he is working on a TV series on the history of the Rock industry.

Collaborations with Robert De Niro[link]

Scorsese frequently collaborated with Robert De Niro, making a total of eight films with the actor. After being introduced to him in the early 1970s, Scorsese cast De Niro in his 1973 film Mean Streets. Three years later, De Niro starred in Taxi Driver, this time holding the lead role. De Niro re-joined Scorsese for New York, New York in 1977, but the film was unsuccessful. Nevertheless, their partnership continued into the 1980s, when the pair made Raging Bull, which was highly successful, and The King of Comedy. In the 1990s, De Niro starred in Goodfellas, one of the pair's most praised films, and 1991's Cape Fear, before making Casino in 1995. The two also voiced major parts in the 2004 film Shark Tale. Scorsese and De Niro plan to re-unite for a film referred to as The Irishman based on the book I Heard You Paint Houses,[89] although a date for the project is uncertain.

Honors[link]

  • In 2007, Scorsese was listed among Time magazine's 100 Most Influential People in The World.
  • In August 2007 Scorsese was named the 2nd greatest director of all time in a poll by Total Film magazine, in front of Steven Spielberg and behind Alfred Hitchcock.
  • In 2007, Scorsese was honored by the National Italian American Foundation (N.I.A.F.) at the nonprofit's thirty-second Anniversary Gala. During the ceremony, Scorsese helped launch N.I.A.F.'s Jack Valenti Institute, which provides support to Italian film students in the U.S., in memory of former Foundation Board Member and past president of the Motion Picture Association of America (M.P.A.A.) Jack Valenti. Scorsese received his award from Mary Margaret Valenti, Jack's widow. Certain pieces of Scorsese's film related material and personal papers are contained in the Wesleyan University Cinema Archives to which scholars and media experts from around the world may have full access.[90]
  • In 2011 Scorsese received an honorary doctorate from the National Film School in Lodz. At the awards ceremony he said, "I feel like I'm a part of this school and that I attended it", paying tribute to the films of Wajda, Munk, Has, Polanski and Skolimowski.[91]

Director trademarks[link]

  • Begins his films with segments taken from the middle or end of the story. Examples include Raging Bull (1980),[92] Goodfellas (1990),[93] Casino (1995),[94] and The Last Waltz.[95]
  • Frequent use of slow motion, e.g. Mean Streets (1973), Taxi Driver (1976), Raging Bull (1980), and Goodfellas (1990) .[96] Also known for using freeze frame, such as the opening credits of The King of Comedy (1983), and throughout Goodfellas (1990). Such a shot is also used in the film "The Departed", (2006).
  • His lead characters are often morally ambiguous, prone to violence, and/or want to be accepted in society or a society (The Departed, Mean Streets, Taxi Driver, Goodfellas) and are not infrequently sociopaths (Cape Fear, Raging Bull, Casino).[97]
  • In most of his films the main character often falls in love and has a wife, and often has a turning point between the main character and the wife. e.g. Raging Bull, Goodfellas, and Casino.
  • His blonde leading ladies are usually seen through the eyes of the protagonist as angelic and ethereal; they wear white in their first scene and are photographed in slow-motion (Cybill Shepherd in Taxi Driver; Cathy Moriarty's white bikini in Raging Bull; Sharon Stone's white minidress in Casino).[98] This may possibly be a nod to director Alfred Hitchcock.[99]
  • Often uses long tracking shots.[100] Example: Goodfellas, Casino, Gangs Of New York, Hugo
  • Use of MOS sequences set to popular music or voice over, often involving aggressive camera movement and/or rapid editing.[101]
  • The supporting actor will often betray the protagonist (Micheal in Mean Streets, Judas Iscariot in The Last Temptation of Christ, Jimmy Conway in Goodfellas, Nicky Santoro in Casino)
  • Often has a quick cameo in his films (Mean Streets, Taxi Driver, The King of Comedy, After Hours, The Last Temptation of Christ (albeit hidden under a hood), Casino, The Age of Innocence, Gangs of New York, Hugo). Also, often contributes his voice to a film without showing his face on screen. He provides the opening voice-over narration in Mean Streets and The Color of Money; plays the off-screen dressing room attendant in the final scene of Raging Bull; provides the voice of the unseen ambulance dispatcher in Bringing out the Dead.[102]
  • Frequently uses New York City as the main setting in his films, e.g. Gangs of New York, Taxi Driver, The Age of Innocence, The King of Comedy, After Hours, New York, New York, and Mean Streets.[103]
  • Sometimes highlights characters in a scene with an iris, an homage to 1920s silent film cinema (as scenes at the time sometimes used this transition). This effect can be seen in Casino (it is used on Sharon Stone and Joe Pesci), Life Lessons, The Departed (on Matt Damon), and Hugo.
  • Some of his films include references/allusions to Westerns, particularly Shane, The Searchers and The Oklahoma Kid.
  • More recently, his films have featured corrupt authority figures, such as policemen in The Departed[104] and politicians in Gangs of New York[105] and The Aviator.[106]
  • Guilt is a prominent theme in many of his films, as is the role of Catholicism in creating and dealing with guilt (Raging Bull, Goodfellas, Bringing Out the Dead, Mean Streets, Who's That Knocking at My Door, Shutter Island).
  • Slow motion flashbulbs and accented camera/flash/shutter sounds.
  • The song Gimme Shelter by the Rolling Stones is heard in several of Scorsese's films, including Goodfellas, Casino and The Departed.
  • Some of his films are inspired by a true story. Examples: Raging Bull, Goodfellas, and Casino.

Frequent collaborations[link]

Scorsese often casts the same actors in his films, particularly Robert De Niro, who collaborated with Scorsese for eight films. Included are the three films (Raging Bull, Taxi Driver, and Goodfellas) that made AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies list. Scorsese has often said he thinks De Niro's best work under his direction was Rupert Pupkin in The King of Comedy. Most recently, Scorsese has found a new muse with young actor Leonardo DiCaprio, with whom he has collaborated for four films, with two others confirmed to be in the works.[107] Several critics have compared Scorsese's new partnership with DiCaprio with his previous one with De Niro.[108][109] Other frequent collaborators include Victor Argo (6), Harry Northup (6), Harvey Keitel (5), Murray Moston (5), Joe Pesci (3), Frank Vincent (3) and Verna Bloom (3). Daniel Day-Lewis, who had become very reclusive to the Hollywood scene, Alec Baldwin, Ben Kingsley, Jude Law, Emily Mortimer, John C. Reilly, Frank Sivero, and Ray Winstone have also appeared in multiple Scorsese films. Before their deaths, Scorsese's parents, Charles Scorsese and Catherine Scorsese, appeared in bit parts, walk-ons or supporting roles, most notably in Goodfellas.

For his crew, Scorsese frequently worked with editor Thelma Schoonmaker,[110] cinematographers Michael Ballhaus[111] and Robert Richardson, screenwriters Paul Schrader Mardik Martin, and John Logan, costume designer Sandy Powell, production designer Dante Ferretti, and composers Robbie Robertson, Howard Shore[112] and Elmer Bernstein.[113] Schoonmaker, Richardson, Powell, and Ferretti have all won Academy Awards in their respective categories on collaborations with Scorsese. Elaine and Saul Bass, the latter being Hitchcock's frequent title designer, designed the opening credits for Goodfellas, The Age of Innocence, Casino and Cape Fear. He was the executive producer of the film Brides, which was directed by Pantelis Voulgaris and starred Victoria Haralabidou, Damien Lewis, Steven Berkoff and Kosta Sommer.

Actor/Actress Who's That Knocking at My Door (1968) Boxcar Bertha (1972) Mean Streets (1973) Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore (1974) Taxi Driver (1976) New York, New York (1977) Raging Bull (1980) The King of Comedy (1983) After Hours (1985) The Color of Money (1986) The Last Temptation of Christ (1988) Goodfellas (1990) Cape Fear (1991) The Age of Innocence (1993) Casino (1995) Kundun (1997) Bringing Out the Dead (1999) Gangs of New York (2002) The Aviator (2004) The Departed (2006) Shutter Island (2010) Hugo (2011)
Victor Argo NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN
Alec Baldwin NoN NoN
Robert De Niro NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN
Leonardo DiCaprio NoN NoN NoN NoN
Barbara Hershey NoN NoN
Harvey Keitel NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN
Ben Kingsley NoN NoN
Emily Mortimer NoN NoN
Murray Moston NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN
Harry Northup NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN
Joe Pesci NoN NoN NoN
Catherine Scorsese NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN
Charles Scorsese NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN NoN
Frank Sivero NoN NoN NoN
Frank Vincent NoN NoN NoN
Ray Winstone NoN NoN

Awards and recognitions[link]

Scorsese's star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame

Scorsese received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1997.

Scorsese has earned praise from many film legends including Ingmar Bergman,[114] Frank Capra,[115] Jean-Luc Godard,[116] Werner Herzog,[117] Elia Kazan,[118] Akira Kurosawa,[119] David Lean,[120] Michael Powell,[121] Satyajit Ray,[122] and François Truffaut.[123]

Year Film Academy Award Nominations Academy Award Wins Golden Globe Nominations Golden Globe Wins BAFTA Nominations BAFTA Wins
1974 Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore 3 1 2 7 4
1976 Taxi Driver 4 2 7 3
1977 New York, New York 4 2
1980 Raging Bull 8 2 7 1 4 2
1983 The King of Comedy 5 1
1985 After Hours 1 1
1986 The Color of Money 4 1 2
1988 The Last Temptation of Christ 1 2
1990 Goodfellas 6 1 5 7 5
1991 Cape Fear 2 2 2
1993 The Age of Innocence 5 1 4 1 4 1
1995 Casino 1 2 1
1997 Kundun 4 1
2002 Gangs of New York 10 5 2 12 1
2004 The Aviator 11 5 6 3 14 4
2006 The Departed 5 4 6 1 6
2011 Hugo 11 5 3 1 9 2
Total 75 20 54 10 80 23

Filmography[link]

See also[link]

References[link]

  1. Scorsese's foreword in Arrows of Desire: The Films of Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger by Christie, Ian. (London: Waterstone, 1994. ISBN 0-571-16271-1; First edition 1985. ISBN 0-947752-13-7.)
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Chris Ingui. "Martin Scorsese hits DC, hangs with the Hachet". Hatchet. http://media.www.gwhatchet.com/media/storage/paper332/news/2002/03/04/Arts/Martin.Scorsese.Hits.Dc.Hangs.With.The.Hachet-195598.shtml. Retrieved June 6, 2009. 
  3. "#83 Royal Descents, Notable Kin, and Printed Sources: A Third Set of Ten Hollywood Figures (or Groups Thereof), with a Coda on Two Directors". Americanancestors.org. 2011-11-22. http://www.americanancestors.org/third-set-of-ten-hollywood/. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  4. play /skɔrˈsɛsi/ and /skɔrˈsz/ are also commonly used by the public.
  5. ""Martin Scorsese" ''The New York Times'', 2010". Movies.nytimes.com. 1942-11-17. http://movies.nytimes.com/person/110533/Martin-Scorsese/biography. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  6. "Martin Scorsese: Telling Stories through Film" The Washington Times, November 30, 2007 The Washington Post
  7. Adams, Veronika ''Martin Scorsese'' Ebook.GD Publishing ISBN 1-61323-010-9. Books.google.co.uk. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=JdSDUfiwsVQC&pg=PP3&dq=Martin+Marcantonio+Luciano+Scorsese&hl=en&ei=FyfDTem-C4Ot8QPr0MHFBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=Martin%20Marcantonio%20Luciano%20Scorsese&f=false. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  8. Wernblad, Annette (2010) ''The Passion of Martin Scorsese: A Critical Study of the Films'' McFarland p14 ISBN 0-7864-4946-2. Books.google.co.uk. 1942-11-17. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=xNpO9DJUlk0C&pg=PA14&dq=%22Martin+Marcantonio+Luciano+Scorsese%22&hl=en&ei=nv7CTYPVFOrU4wae64jIBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDMQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=%22Martin%20Marcantonio%20Luciano%20Scorsese%22&f=falsee. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  9. The Religious Affiliation of Director Martin Scorsese Webpage created May 27, 2005. Last modified September 5, 2005. Retrieved April 1, 2007.
  10. "Yahoo! Movies". Movies.yahoo.com. http://movies.yahoo.com/movie/contributor/1800014966. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  11. "Martin Scorsese Biography (1942–2011)". Filmreference.com. http://www.filmreference.com/film/26/Martin-Scorsese.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  12. "Martin Scorsese". The New York Times. http://movies.nytimes.com/person/110533/Martin-Scorsese/biography. Retrieved 2011-01-08. 
  13. "New Wave Film Guide: Nouvelle Vague & International New Wave Cinema - Where to Start". Newwavefilm.com. http://www.newwavefilm.com/new-wave-cinema-guide/nouvelle-vague-where-to-start.shtml. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  14. Jay Antani (2004). "Raging Bull: A film review". Filmcritic.com. http://www.filmcritic.com/misc/emporium.nsf/reviews/Raging-Bull. Retrieved May 4, 2009. 
  15. Andre Soares (2009-03-19). "Martin Scorsese on Michelangelo Antonioni". Altfg.com. http://www.altfg.com/blog/directors/martin-scorsese-on-michelangelo-antonioni/. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  16. Ingmar Bergman Foundation. "Ingmar Bergman". 193.10.144.136. http://193.10.144.136/page.asp?guid=65BFD29C-045F-4C51-88B1-1A50F6173D26. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  17. "Martin Scorsese praises Federico Fellini and 'La Dolce Vita'". YouTube. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uysS8EHrpB4. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  18. Tookey, Chris (March 11, 2010). "Scorsese's Psycho is a stylish, scary masterpiece". London: Daily Mail. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/reviews/article-1257300/Shutter-Island-Scorseses-Psycho-stylish-scary-masterpiece.html. Retrieved January 7, 2011. 
  19. "NYU College of Arts and Science". Cas.nyu.edu. http://cas.nyu.edu/object/ug.alumni.pastrecipients. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  20. God's Will (1989) Internet Movie Database entry & full credits
  21. Keyser, Les (1998). Twayne's Filmmakers Series: Martin Scorsese. Twayne Publishers: New York. p. 188. ISBN 0-8057-9321-6. http://www.adherents.com/people/pc/Julia_Cameron.html. 
  22. Piccalo, Gina (June 23, 2006). "Agonizing success of `Artist's Way'". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2006/jun/23/entertainment/et-cameron23. Retrieved May 2011. 
  23. Domenica Cameron-Scorsese credit listing at IMDb
  24. After Image: The Incredible Catholic Imagination of Six Catholic American Filmmakers, Robert A. Blake, Loyola Press, 2000, p. 25
  25. Raymond, Marc (May 2002). "Martin Scorsese". sensesofcinema.com (Senses of Cinema). http://www.sensesofcinema.com/2002/great-directors/scorsese/ 
  26. Alistair Harkness (April 11, 2002). "Finding the boy again". The Scotsman. http://living.scotsman.com/features/Finding-the-boy-again.2317392.jp. 
  27. 27.0 27.1 Bill Chambers. "Scorsese on DVD". Film Freak Central. http://www.filmfreakcentral.net/dvdreviews/scorseseondvd70s.htm. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  28. Hinson, Hal (November 24, 1991). "Scorsese, Master Of The Rage". Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A99967-1991Nov24.html. 
  29. Thurman, John (1976-04-05). "Citizen Bickle, or the Allusive Taxi Driver: Uses of Intertextuality". Sensesofcinema.com. http://www.sensesofcinema.com/2005/37/taxi_driver/. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  30. MacNab, Geoffrey (July 6, 2006). "'I was in a bad place'". London: Guardian. http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,,1813797,00.html. Retrieved May 12, 2010. 
  31. "Festival Archives: Taxi Driver". Festival de Cannes. http://www.festival-cannes.fr/en/archives/ficheFilm/id/2123.html. Retrieved February 14, 2008. 
  32. Brody, Richard (2011-08-01). ""Top of the heap", ''The New Yorker'' January 28, 2008". Newyorker.com. http://www.newyorker.com/arts/events/revivals/2008/01/28/080128gomo_GOAT_movies_brody. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  33. John Patterson (September 26, 2008). ""Worshippers at the church of Cinema", ''Guardian'' 26 September 2006". London: Guardian. http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2008/sep/26/godard.scorsese. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  34. Williams, Alex (January 3, 2003). "'Are we ever going to make this picture?'". London: Guardian. http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,6737,867652,00.html. 
  35. Malcolm, Derek (December 9, 1999). "Martin Scorsese: Raging Bull". London: Guardian. http://film.guardian.co.uk/Century_Of_Films/Story/0,,112416,00.html. 
  36. Snider, Mike (February 7, 2005). "'Raging Bull' returns to the ring". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/movies/news/2005-02-07-dvd-raging-bull_x.htm. 
  37. "Raging Bull". Eufs.org.uk. March 5, 2001. http://www.eufs.org.uk/films/raging_bull.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  38. Morris, Mark (October 31, 1999). "Ageing bulls return". London: Observer. http://film.guardian.co.uk/Feature_Story/feature_story/0,,98151,00.html. 
  39. evil jimi. "The King of Comedy". Ehrensteinland.com. http://www.ehrensteinland.com/htmls/library/koc.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  40. "The King of Comedy Film Review". Timeout.com. http://www.timeout.com/film/78730.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  41. "The Official Site". Wim Wenders. http://www.wim-wenders.com/news_reel/2002/apr02-directorsonfilm.htm. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  42. "Martin Scorsese's The Last Temptation of Christ". Pbs.org. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/cultureshock/flashpoints/theater/lasttemptation.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  43. ":: rogerebert.com :: Reviews :: GoodFellas (xhtml)". Rogerebert.suntimes.com. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19900902/REVIEWS/9020301/1023. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  44. "GoodFellas". Hollywoodreporter.com. Archived from the original on October 11, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071011152454rn_2/www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/search/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=1000623089. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  45. "GoodFellas (1990)". Filmsite.org. http://www.filmsite.org/goodf.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  46. "Goodfellas (Wide Screen)". Timeout.com. http://www.timeout.com/film/dvd/50197.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  47. "Sight & Sound | Top Ten Poll 2002 – How the directors and critics voted". BFI. September 29, 2008. http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/poll/voter.php?forename=Tian&surname=Zhuang-Zhuang. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  48. "Sight & Sound | Top Ten Poll 2002 – How the directors and critics voted". BFI. September 29, 2008. http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/poll/voter.php?forename=Terence&surname=Davies. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  49. "Kundun". Time Out. http://www.timeout.com/film/78857.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  50. "Bringing Out The Dead". Bfi.org.uk. January 29, 2010. http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/review/319. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  51. "Reinert on Bringing Out the Dead". Film-philosophy.com. http://www.film-philosophy.com/vol4-2000/n12reinert. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  52. rottentomatoes.com, Bringing Out the Dead Entry. Retrieved January 29, 2007.
  53. "Gangs of Los Angeles | News | Guardian Unlimited Film". London: Film.guardian.co.uk. December 15, 2002. http://film.guardian.co.uk/news/story/0,,860378,00.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  54. 54.0 54.1 Peter Bradshaw (January 10, 2003). "Gangs of New York | Reviews | Guardian Unlimited Film". London: Film.guardian.co.uk. http://film.guardian.co.uk/News_Story/Critic_Review/Guardian_Film_of_the_week/0,,871400,00.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  55. "Compare Prices and Read Reviews on Gangs of New York at". Epinions.com. July 1, 2003. http://www.epinions.com/content_136317079172. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  56. Xan Brooks (January 9, 2003). "Past master | Features | Guardian Unlimited Film". London: Film.guardian.co.uk. http://film.guardian.co.uk/features/featurepages/0,,871715,00.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  57. "Music for The Movies: Elmer Bernstein". ScoreTrack.Net. http://www.scoretrack.net/ebernstein.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  58. "Gangs of New York". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/gangs_of_new_york/. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  59. "In briefs: Gangs of New York release delayed again". London: Film.guardian.co.uk. April 8, 2002. http://film.guardian.co.uk/News_Story/Exclusive/0,,680795,00.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  60. IMDb: Deuces Wild credits
  61. rottentomatoes.com, The Aviator entry. Retrieved January 24, 2007.
  62. Brian Libby (February 2, 2005). "Are you talking to me – again?". London: Film.guardian.co.uk. http://film.guardian.co.uk/salon/0,,1404293,00.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  63. "Right guy, wrong film". Melbourne: Theage.com.au. February 27, 2005. http://www.theage.com.au/news/Film/Right-guy-wrong-film/2005/02/25/1109180100911.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  64. "Empire Reviews Central – Review of The Aviator". Empireonline.com. http://www.empireonline.com/reviews/reviewcomplete.asp?DVDID=10596. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  65. (Posted: Dec 15, 2004) (December 15, 2004). "Aviator : Review". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/6143001/review/6769078/the_aviator. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  66. "Review: Departed, The". Chud.com. http://www.chud.com/index.php?type=reviews&id=7778. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  67. "Movie Review – Departed, The". eFilmCritic. http://efilmcritic.com/review.php?movie=15256&reviewer=198. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  68. "Reel Views". Reel Views. http://www.reelviews.net/movies/d/departed.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  69. "All Movie – The Departed". Allmovie.com. 2006-10-06. http://www.allmovie.com/work/the-departed-310756/review. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  70. Michael Fleming (October 22, 2007). "Scorsese, DiCaprio team for 'Island'". Variety. http://www.variety.com/VR1117974525.html?query=shutter+island. 
  71. "Scorsese, Leo head to 'Shutter Island". 2007. http://www.upi.com/NewsTrack/Entertainment/2007/10/23/scorsese_leo_head_to_shutter_island/7373/. 
  72. Tatiana Siegel (December 3, 2007). "Kingsley signs on to 'Shutter Island'". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117976953.html?categoryid=1236&cs=1. Retrieved January 8, 2008. 
  73. Michael Fleming (December 6, 2007). "Michelle Williams joins 'Island'". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117977184.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. Retrieved January 8, 2008. 
  74. Pamela McClintock (February 13, 2008). "'Star Trek' pushed back to 2009". Variety. http://www.variety.com/VR1117980912.html. Retrieved February 13, 2008. 
  75. Grey, Brandon (May 20, 2010). "‘Shutter Island' Is Scorsese's Top Movie Worldwide". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=2783&p=.htm. Retrieved May 21, 2010
  76. Nellie Andreeva (2008). "Michael Pitt set for Scorsese's HBO pilot". http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/hr/content_display/television/news/e3i4bf70b129a075208c142e2f2326f83a6. [dead link]
  77. 77.0 77.1 77.2 "Boardwalk Empire website". http://www.hbo.com/boardwalk-empire. Retrieved February 6, 2010. 
  78. "Trailer for Martin Scorsese's GEORGE HARRISON: Living In The Material World". August 22, 2011. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xnx87LIDO9k. Retrieved August 31, 2011. 
  79. "Hugo". Chicago Sun-Times. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20111121/REVIEWS/111119982. 
  80. Mud, The (2011-12-05). "The Mud Doctor: Hugo". Themuddoctor.blogspot.com. http://themuddoctor.blogspot.com/2011/12/hugo.html. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  81. "Empire's Hugo Movie Review". Empireonline.com. 2006-12-05. http://www.empireonline.com/reviews/review.asp?FID=136891. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  82. "Global Sites & Release Dates". Paramount Pictures. http://www.hugomovie.com/intl/releasedates/release-dates.html. Retrieved 2011-08-11. 
  83. Silver, Stephen. "Scorsese, DiCaprio Team Again on ‘Wolf of Wall Street’". Entertainmenttell. www.technologytell.com. http://www.technologytell.com/entertainment/481/scorsese-dicaprio-team-again-on-wolf-of-wall-street/. Retrieved 4/24/2012. 
  84. "Roger Friedman, Scorsese Still Looking for His Sinatra, Showbiz 441, Nov. 4, 2009". Showbiz411.blogs.thr.com. November 4, 2009. http://showbiz411.blogs.thr.com/2009/11/04/scorsese-sinatra-leonardo-dicaprio-george-harriso/. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  85. Fleming, Michael (February 1, 2009). "Scorsese, King talking up 'Silence' – Daniel Day-Lewis, Benicio Del Toro to star". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117999411.html?categoryid=13&cs=1. 
  86. Cohen, Sandy (May 13, 2009). "Martin Scorsese to Direct Biopic of Frank Sinatra". http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5hfnAtv-biiEi-19lUAnu0kksMM1wD985NR781. 
  87. Smith, Oliver (2011-11-30). "Is the long-awaited ‘The Irishman’ the next film for Scorsese? |". Scorsesefans.com. http://scorsesefans.com/2011/11/is-the-long-awaited-the-irishman-the-next-film-for-scorsese/. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  88. Bronic, Adrian (2011-11-21). "Martin Scorsese is directing ‘The Snowman’! |". Scorsesefans.com. http://scorsesefans.com/2011/11/martin-scorsese-is-directing-the-snowman/. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  89. "Scorsese to direct DeNiro in I Heard You Paint Houses". http://www.slashfilm.com/2008/10/01/scorsese-to-direct-de-niro-in-i-heard-you-paint-houses/. 
  90. "Wesleyan University: The Wesleyan Cinema Archives". Wesleyan.edu. http://www.wesleyan.edu/cinema/. Retrieved April 11, 2010. 
  91. "Scorsese 'comes home' to Poland - Thenews.pl :: News from Poland". Thenews.pl. http://www.thenews.pl/1/11/Artykul/80316,Scorsese-comes-home-to-Poland. Retrieved 2012-01-05. 
  92. Raging Bull by Tim Dirks, Filmsite.org (online), 2008
  93. Goodfellas by Tim Dirks, Filmsite.org (online), 2008
  94. Casino Script Screenplays For You (online), 1995
  95. Rock Doc Philadelphia Weekly (online), April 17, 2002
  96. Martin Scorsese by Marc Raymond, Senses of Cinema (online), May 2002
  97. Martin Scorsese: Master of Violence by Nicholas Tana, Moving Pictures Magazine (online)
  98. Martin Scorsese, Frankie's Films (online), January 2007
  99. "Hitchcock and Women". Screenonline.org.uk. http://www.screenonline.org.uk/tours/hitch/tour8.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  100. Coyle, Jake (December 29, 2007). ""Atonement" brings the long tracking shot back into focus". Boston Globe. http://www.boston.com/ae/movies/articles/2007/12/29/atonement_brings_the_long_tracking_shot_back_into_focus/?page=1. 
  101. Martin Scorsese’s Comfortable State of Anxiety by Timothy Rhys, MovieMaker Magazine (online), October 16, 2002
  102. Most Famous Film Director Cameos by Tim Dirks, Filmsite.org (online), 2008
  103. Sanders, James (October 2006). Scenes from the City: Filmmaking in New York. New York: Rizzoli, 288 Pages. ISBN 0-8478-2890-5
  104. Revisiting Southie's culture of death By Michael Patrick MacDonald, The Boston Globe (online), October 11, 2006
  105. Gangs of New York Review by Roger Ebert, Chicago Sun-Times (online), December 20, 2002
  106. High Rollers by David Denby, The New Yorker (online), December 20, 2004
  107. "Leo & Marty: Yes, Again!". Movies.go.com. http://movies.go.com/moviesproxy/tipster?id=922715. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  108. Scorsese Likens DiCaprio To De Niro at the Wayback Machine (archived April 14, 2008)
  109. "Successful Hollywood Duos". Ew.com. November 30, 2007. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20164049,00.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  110. IMDb list of films featuring Scorsese and Schoonmaker
  111. Bosley, Rachael K.. "Michael Ballhaus, ASC takes on Martin Scorsese's Gangs of New York, a 19th-century tale of vengeance and valor set in the city's most notorious neighborhood". Theasc.com. http://www.theasc.com/magazine/jan03/native/index.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  112. "The Aviator". Scorsese Films. http://www.scorsesefilms.com/aviator.htm. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  113. Jeffries, Stuart (January 6, 2003). "Some You Win". Elmerbernstein.com. http://www.elmerbernstein.com/news/haynes_scorsese.html. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  114. "EuroScreenwriters – Interviews with European Film Directors – Ingmar Bergman". http://zakka.dk/euroscreenwriters/interviews/ingmar_bergman_03.htm. 
  115. Capra, Frank; Poague, Leland A (2004-03). Frank Capra: interviews. ISBN 978-1-57806-617-9. http://books.google.com/books?id=1_-o2HI26KIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Frank+Capra+interviews#v=onepage&q=scorsese&f=false. 
  116. Godard, Jean Luc; Sterritt, David (1998). Jean-Luc Godard: interviews. ISBN 978-1-57806-081-8. http://books.google.com/?id=H_Bf0RGzkJEC&pg=PA128&dq=Jean-Luc+Godard+conversations#v=onepage&q=Scorsese&f=false. 
  117. "Werner Herzog Interview – UGO.com". http://www.ugo.com/movies/werner-herzog-interview. 
  118. "Programa de Educação Tutorial da Faculdade de Economia da UFF". http://www.uff.br/peteconomia/pages/textospage/cinema/scorcese/taxidriverframe004.htm. Retrieved September 1, 2010. 
  119. Kurosawa, Akira; Cardullo, Bert (2008). Akira Kurosawa: interviews. ISBN 978-1-57806-997-2. http://books.google.com/?id=eVs7KxKpWeEC&pg=PA145&dq=Akira+Kurosawa+conversations#v=onepage&q=SCORSESE&f=false. 
  120. Organ, Steven (2009). David Lean:interviews. Univ. Press of Mississippi. pp. 110, 154. ISBN 978-1-60473-235-1. http://books.google.com/?id=kzVEXi4Plw0C&pg=PR1&dq=David+Lean+conversations#v=onepage&q=Martin%20Scorsese&f=false. Retrieved September 1, 2010. 
  121. Lazar, David (2003-04). Michael Powell: interviews. ISBN 978-1-57806-498-4. http://books.google.com/?id=dHnZZcgztgwC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Michael+Powell+interviews#v=onepage&q=Scorsese&f=false. 
  122. Ray, Satyajit; Cardullo, Bert (2007-01). Satyajit Ray: interviews. ISBN 978-1-57806-937-8. http://books.google.com/?id=fQYs4X5d9WAC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Satyajit+Ray+interviews#v=onepage&q=Scorsese&f=false. 
  123. Truffaut, François; Bergan, Ronald (2008-01). François Truffaut: interviews. ISBN 978-1-934110-14-0. http://books.google.com/?id=cbZMK9baJ2AC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Francois+truffaut+interviews#v=onepage&q=Scorsese&f=false. 

External links[link]

http://wn.com/Martin_Scorsese



Lindsay Lohan

Lohan at a New York Fashion Week fashion show, September 2011.
Born (1986-07-02) July 2, 1986 (age 25)
New York City, United States
Occupation Actress, singer, model
Years active 1989–present
Parents Michael Lohan
Dina Lohan
Relatives Aliana Lohan (sister)
Website
www.lindsaylohan.com

Lindsay Lohan (play /ˈl.ən/;[1] born July 2, 1986)[2] is an American actress, recording artist, and model. She began her career as a child fashion model before making her motion picture debut in Walt Disney's 1998 remake of The Parent Trap at the age of 11. Lohan gained further fame with leading roles in the films Freaky Friday (2003), Mean Girls (2004), and Herbie: Fully Loaded (2005). In 2006 she appeared in independent films including Robert Altman's A Prairie Home Companion and Emilio Estevez's Bobby. In 2004, Lohan launched a second career as a recording artist with her debut album Speak, which was followed by A Little More Personal (Raw) in 2005.

In 2007, her career was interrupted when two driving under the influence (DUI) incidents and three visits to rehabilitation facilities led to the loss of several movie deals. Resuming her career, she guest starred in the TV series Ugly Betty in 2008, and starred in the TV comedy film Labor Pains in 2009. In 2010, she appeared in Robert Rodriguez's film Machete. She has attracted a great deal of publicity, particularly surrounding her personal life.

Contents

Life and career[link]

Early life and education[link]

Lohan was born in New York City and grew up in Merrick and Cold Spring Harbor on Long Island, New York.[2][3] She is the eldest child of Donata "Dina" (née Sullivan) and Michael Lohan. Lindsay has three younger siblings, all of whom have been models or actors: Michael Jr. (who appeared with Lindsay in The Parent Trap), Aliana "Ali", and Dakota "Cody", the youngest Lohan child. Lohan is of Irish and Italian heritage and was raised as a Catholic.[4] Her maternal family were "well known Irish Catholic stalwarts" and her great-grandfather, John L. Sullivan, was a co-founder of the Pro-life Party in Long Island.[5] Lohan attended Cold Spring Harbor High School, where she did well in science and mathematics,[6] until grade 11, when she started homeschooling.[7]

Lohan's parents have a turbulent history. They married in 1985, separated when she was three, and later reunited.[8][9] They separated again in 2005 and finalized their divorce in 2007.[10][11] Her father, Michael, is a former Wall Street trader who has been in trouble with the law on several occasions,[8][12] while her mother, Dina, is a former singer and dancer.[6]

[edit] 1989–2002: Early career and The Parent Trap

Lohan began her career as a child model with Ford Models at the age of three.[13][14] She modeled for Calvin Klein Kids and Abercrombie kids, and appeared in over 100 television commercials,[6] including those for Pizza Hut and Wendy's, as well as a Jell-O spot with Bill Cosby. By the age of 10, when Lohan played Alexandra "Alli" Fowler in the series Another World, Soap Opera Magazine said she was already considered a show-business veteran.[13][14]

Lohan remained in the role for a year, before leaving to star in Disney's 1998 family comedy The Parent Trap, a remake of the 1961 movie. She played dual roles of estranged twins who try to reunite their long-divorced parents, played by Dennis Quaid and Natasha Richardson.[4][13] The film earned $92 million worldwide, and critic Kenneth Turan called Lohan "the soul of this film as much as Hayley Mills was of the original", going on to say that "she is more adept than her predecessor at creating two distinct personalities".[15][16] The film won Lohan a Young Artist Award for best performance in a feature film[17] as well as a three-film contract with Disney.[6]

At the age of 14, Lohan played Bette Midler's daughter in the pilot episode of the short-lived series, Bette, but resigned her role when the production moved from New York to Los Angeles.[4][18] She also starred in two Disney television movies: Life-Size opposite Tyra Banks in 2000, and Get a Clue in 2002.[13][14]

[edit] 2003–04: Freaky Friday, Mean Girls and Speak

A red-haired Caucasian female wearing a black coat and a hat
Lohan in 2002

Lohan starred as Anna Coleman alongside Jamie Lee Curtis in the 2003 family comedy Freaky Friday. At Lohan's own initiative, her character was rewritten and changed from a Goth style to be more relatable.[19] Critic Roger Ebert wrote that Lohan "has that Jodie Foster sort of seriousness and intent focus beneath her teenage persona."[20] Freaky Friday earned Lohan the award for Breakthrough Performance at the 2004 MTV Movie Awards[21] and, as of 2010, it remains her most commercially successful film, earning $160 million worldwide[22] as well as an 88 percent approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes.[23]

Aiming to become a triple threat — actor, singer and dancer, similar to Ann-Margret and Marilyn Monroe — Lohan began showcasing her singing through her acting.[24] For the Freaky Friday soundtrack, she sang the closing theme, "Ultimate,"[6] as well as recording four songs for the Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen soundtrack. Producer Emilio Estefan, Jr. signed Lohan to a five-album production deal in 2002.[6] Two years later, Lohan signed a recording contract with Casablanca Records, headed by Tommy Mottola.[25]

In 2004, Lohan had two lead roles. The first, Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen, earned a domestic box office total of $29 million, with Brandon Gray of Box Office Mojo commenting that it was "well above expectations as it was strictly for young girls."[26] The film overall, however, did not meet with critical acclaim.[27] Robert K. Elder of Metromix wrote that, "though still a promising star, Lohan will have to do a little penance before she's forgiven for Confessions."[28]

The teen comedy Mean Girls was Lohan's first movie independent of Disney. The film was a critical and commercial success, grossing $129 million worldwide and, according to Brandon Gray, "cementing her status as the new teen movie queen,"[26][29][30] while Steve Rhodes wrote that "Lohan dazzles us once more. The smartly written script is a perfect match for her intelligent brand of comedy."[31] Lohan received four awards at the 2004 Teen Choice Awards for Freaky Friday and Mean Girls, including Breakout Movie Star.[32] Mean Girls also earned her two awards at the 2005 MTV Movie Awards, Best Female Performance and Best On-Screen Team along with several other cast members.[33]

Lohan, then 17, became the youngest host of the MTV Movie Awards in 2004.[34] Following Mean Girls, which was scripted by Tina Fey and featured several alumni of Saturday Night Live, Lohan hosted the show three times between 2004 and 2006, as well as hosting the 2006 World Music Awards.[35]

Speak, Lohan's début album, was released in December 2004, peaking at number four on the Billboard 200[36] and earning Platinum certification by early 2005.[6] Lohan cowrote six of the twelve songs on the album. The album was praised by Linda McGee of RTÉ, who awarded it 4 out of 5 stars and commented that "Speak opens with all the raw emotion and teenage angst that you'd expect from an artist of Lohan's age," and that, "while her vocals are not sensational, their gritty edge keeps Lohan more than afloat throughout this album"[37] as well as comparing the album to the early music of Avril Lavigne.[37] Allmusic, however, awarded it 2 out of 5 stars and claimed the album "feels more like a byproduct of an overdriven, overamplified celebrity culture than an actual album."[38] Though primarily a pop album, Speak was introduced with the single "Rumors." Described by Rolling Stone as "a bass-heavy, angry club anthem,"[39] "Rumors" details Lohan's complaints with the paparazzi[40] and eventually earned a Gold certification in the United States.[41]

While shooting Herbie: Fully Loaded in 2004, Lohan was hospitalized with a kidney infection brought on by stress in her personal life and of recording her first album while the film was in production, prompting Vanity Fair to label it Lohan's "first disastrous shoot."[42] The magazine also described how Lohan terminated the promotional tour and was de-emphasized on the movie poster due to "un-Disney-like behavior."[42] Lohan began dating actor Wilmer Valderrama in 2004, guest-starring in an episode of That '70s Show, of which Valderrama was a regular.[43] According to Vanity Fair, the breakup with Valderrama contributed to Lohan's issues during the shooting of Herbie: Fully Loaded.[42]

With Mean Girls, Lohan's public profile was raised significantly and paparazzi began following her.[44] She spent several years living out of hotels in Los Angeles, of which two years were spent at Chateau Marmont. In late 2007, after settling down in more permanent residence, she explained that she spent so much time in hotels because she "didn't want to be alone" but that "it wasn't a way of life ... not very consistent."[45][46][47] Lohan has had a series of car accidents that have been widely reported, with minor crashes in August 2004,[48] October 2005,[49] and November 2006, when Lohan suffered minor injuries because a paparazzo who was following her for a photograph hit her car. Police called the crash intentional, but prosecutors said there was not enough evidence to file criminal charges.[50]

[edit] 2005: Herbie: Fully Loaded and A Little More Personal (Raw)

A white Volkswagen Beetle with a racing stripe across the middle and the number 53 on the front and the door
Herbie, the car that appears with Lohan in Herbie: Fully Loaded (2005)

Lohan returned to Disney in 2005 for Herbie: Fully Loaded, the fifth film in the series with the anthropomorphic car Herbie. Fully Loaded earned $144 million worldwide and received mixed reviews.[51][52] Stephen Holden of The New York Times called Lohan "a genuine star who ... seems completely at home on the screen",[53] while James Berardinelli wrote that, "as bright a starlet as she may be, Lohan ends up playing second fiddle to the car."[54] In 2005, Lohan became the first person to have a My Scene celebrity doll released by Mattel. She also voiced herself in the animated direct-to-DVD film My Scene Goes Hollywood, based on the series of dolls.[55]

Lohan's second album, A Little More Personal (Raw), was released in December 2005, debuting at number 20 on the Billboard 200 chart, falling under the top 100 within six weeks.[6] Lohan cowrote six of the twelve songs on the album. Slant Magazine called the album "contrived ... for all the so-called weighty subject matter, there's not much meat on these bones."[56] The album was certified Gold in early 2006.[57] The music video for the album's first single, "Confessions of a Broken Heart (Daughter to Father)", was directed by Lohan and featured the acting debut of her sister, Ali Lohan.[6] The video was a dramatization of the pain Lohan says her family has suffered at the hands of her father.[58] It was Lohan's first song to chart on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number 57.[59]

Lohan's parents legally separated in December 2005 and finalized their divorce in 2007.[10][11] Lohan spoke in 2007 about her childhood: "I feel like a second parent in the sense that I helped raise my family...I was put between my mother and father a lot. Well, I would put myself between them to try and keep the peace, and I felt good doing that."[60] Despite the conflicts, Lohan calls herself "a family girl" and has spoken very fondly of her family, including her father.[61][62] However, in 2007 and again in 2008 she stated that she was no longer in contact with him, describing his unpredictable behavior as hard to deal with.[63][64][65] In November 2009, her father released recordings of private phone calls with and about Lohan to the media.[66] She commented on Twitter: "I haven't had a real relationship w/Michael Sr. in years."[67]

Lohan's next widely released film, the romantic comedy Just My Luck, opened in May 2006 and, according to Variety, earned Lohan over $7 million.[68] The opening weekend box office takings of $5.7 million "broke lead actress Lindsay Lohan's winning streak" according to Brandon Gray.[69] The film received poor reviews and earned Lohan her first Golden Raspberry nomination for worst actress.[70][71]

2006–07: Independent movies and career interruptions[link]

Lohan in 2006

Following Just My Luck, Lohan focused on smaller roles in more mature, independent movies.[72] Robert Altman's ensemble comedy A Prairie Home Companion, in which Lohan co-stars with Meryl Streep and Lily Tomlin, had a limited release in June 2006. Peter Travers wrote for Rolling Stone that "Lohan rises to the occasion, delivering a rock-the-house version of 'Frankie and Johnny'."[73] Co-star Streep said of Lohan's acting: "She's in command of the art form" and "completely, visibly living in front of the camera."[74] The Emilio Estevez drama Bobby was released in theaters in November 2006. Lohan received favorable comments for her performance, particularly a scene opposite Sharon Stone.[75][76] As part of the Bobby ensemble cast, Lohan was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award and won an award for Ensemble Acting at the Hollywood Film Festival where she also won a Breakout Award for her work in 2006.[77][78]

Lohan's next appearance was in Chapter 27 as a John Lennon fan who befriends Mark David Chapman (Jared Leto) on the day he murders Lennon. Filming finished in early 2006, but was not released until March 2008 due to difficulties in finding a distributor.[79][80][81] In May 2007, the drama Georgia Rule, in which Lohan stars alongside Felicity Huffman and Jane Fonda, was released. Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly wrote that "Lohan hits a true note of spiteful princess narcissism."[82] During filming in 2006, Lohan was hospitalized, her representative saying "she was overheated and dehydrated."[83] At the time Lohan was going through a breakup with restaurant owner Harry Morton.[84] This contributed to her problems on the set according to Allure.[60] In a letter that was made public, studio executive James G. Robinson called Lohan "irresponsible and unprofessional." He mentioned "various late arrivals and absences from the set" and that "we are well aware that your ongoing all night heavy partying is the real reason for your so-called 'exhaustion'."[85] Co-star Fonda later commented that "when she showed up on the set, she was always great."[86]

In 2006, Lohan attended Alcoholics Anonymous meetings.[87] Lohan, who has suffered from asthma since the age of two, is also a smoker.[88][89] In early January 2007, production on the film I Know Who Killed Me was put on hold when Lohan underwent appendix surgery.[90][91][92] Later in the month, Lohan admitted herself to the Wonderland Center rehabilitation facility. Lohan checked out on February 16, 2007 after completing a 30-day stay.[93][94] During the stay she continued shooting the film, returning to the facility at night.[95][96] Shortly thereafter, Lohan withdrew from a film adaptation of Oscar Wilde's A Woman of No Importance, her publicist stating that Lohan needed to "focus on getting better."[97][98] Lohan was replaced in The Edge of Love in April 2007, shortly before filming was to begin, with the director citing "insurance reasons" and Lohan later explaining that she "was going through a really bad time then."[99][100][101] In May 2007, Lohan first dated British TV personality Calum Best.[102]

Lohan was then cast in the film Poor Things.[103] On May 26, four days before production was set to start, she was arrested for DUI and subsequently re-entered rehab. The film's producers initially voiced support and production was put on hold.[104][105][106] Lohan had lost control of her car and run the vehicle up a curb. Beverly Hills police also found what they preliminarily identified as a "usable" amount of cocaine in her car. After receiving treatment for minor injuries, Lohan was arrested on a misdemeanor charge of driving under the influence of alcohol.[107] She subsequently entered the Promises Treatment Center rehabilitation facility, where she stayed for 45 days.[108][109] Upon her release to outpatient care, Lohan was voluntarily fitted with a SCRAM bracelet to monitor her sobriety.[110][111]

On July 24, 2007, three weeks before filming was scheduled to resume on Poor Things, Lohan was arrested for a second DUI and again returned to rehabilitation.[112] Lohan refused a field sobriety test in Santa Monica and was taken to a police station where her blood alcohol level was found to be above the legal limit. While conducting a search, the police found a small amount of cocaine in her pocket.[110][111][113] Lohan was booked on a felony charge of possession of cocaine and misdemeanor charges of driving under the influence and driving with a suspended license.[113][114] In August 2007, Lohan entered Cirque Lodge Treatment Center in Sundance, Utah for a third stint at rehabilitation, staying until discharge on October 5, 2007.[115] Ultimately, The Hollywood Reporter said, she "fell out of" the Poor Things production.[116] Later in 2007, Lohan dated then snowboarder Riley Giles, whom she met during rehab.[117]

In the wake of her second DUI arrest, Lohan withdrew from a scheduled appearance on The Tonight Show with Jay Leno in which she had been due to promote I Know Who Killed Me, a low-budget thriller-mystery in which she stars as a stripper with a dual personality.[118] The film premiered to what Entertainment Weekly called "an abysmal $3.5 million."[119] It earned Lohan a dual Razzie nomination for Worst Actress, with Lohan coming first and second, tying with herself.[120]

Hollywood executives and industry insiders commented that it would be difficult for Lohan to find employment until she could prove that she was sober and reliable, citing possible issues with securing insurance.[121][122][123] Robinson, the producer who previously criticized Lohan's work ethic on Georgia Rule, said that he would work with her again if she got the proper medical care, and went on to describe her as "one of the most talented young women in the movie business today."[119]

On August 23, 2007, Lohan pleaded guilty to misdemeanor cocaine use and driving under the influence and was sentenced to one day imprisonment and 10 days' community service. She was also ordered to pay fines and complete an alcohol education program, and was given three years probation. Lohan released a statement in which she said "it is clear to me that my life has become completely unmanageable because I am addicted to alcohol and drugs."[124] On November 15, 2007, Lohan served 84 minutes in jail. A sheriff spokesman cited overcrowding and the nonviolent nature of the crime as reasons for the reduced sentence.[125] The probation was extended by an additional year in October 2009, following several instances in which Lohan failed to attend the court-ordered substance abuse treatment classes.[126]

Following a switch to Universal Motown, Lohan began working on a third album, tentatively titled Spirit in the Dark, in late 2007. In May 2008 the single "Bossy" was released, which reached number one on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart.[127][128][129][130][131] In November 2008, Lohan said that work on the album had stalled and that she wanted to avoid the stress of working on movies and music at the same time.[132]

2008–09: Television appearances and fashion[link]

In May 2008, Lohan made her first screen appearance since I Know Who Killed Me, on ABC's television series Ugly Betty.[133] She guest starred in four episodes, spanning seasons two and three in 2008, as Kimmie Keegan, an old schoolmate of the protagonist Betty Suarez.[133] Lohan made a cameo appearance in the drug themed music video for the May 2008 N*E*R*D song "Everyone Nose."[134] Lohan has featured in various men's magazines. She was voted No.10 on the list of "100 Sexiest Women" by readers of FHM in 2005,[135] No.13 in 2006, No.30 in 2007, and No.41 in 2008,[136] while Maxim placed her third on its "Hot 100" list in 2006[137] and first in 2007.[138] In a poll by The Daily Mirror in February 2010, Lohan was voted tenth on a list of "sexiest redheads ever."[139] Lohan has been the face of Jill Stuart, Miu Miu, and Dooney & Bourke, as well as the 2008 Visa Swap British fashion campaign[140][141] as well as being the face of Italian clothing company Fornarina for its Spring/Summer 2009 campaign.[140]

Lohan named her clothing collection 6126 after the birthdate of Marilyn Monroe (pictured) whom Lohan greatly admires

Lohan has a long-lasting fascination with Marilyn Monroe going back to when she saw Niagara during The Parent Trap shoot.[142] In the 2008 Spring Fashion edition of New York magazine, Lohan re-created Monroe's final photo shoot, known as The Last Sitting, including nudity, saying that the photo shoot was "an honor".[142] The New York Times critic Ginia Bellafante found it disturbing, saying "the pictures ask viewers to engage in a kind of mock necrophilia. ... At 21 [Lohan] seems even older than Monroe, who was 36 in the originals ... [and] the photographs bear none of Monroe's fragility".[143] In 2008, Lohan launched a clothes line, whose name 6126 was designed to represent Monroe's birth date (June 1, 1926). The line started with leggings, before expanding to a full collection, covering 280 pieces as of April 2010.[144][145][146] In April 2009, Lohan released a self-tanning spray under the brand name Sevin Nyne in collaboration with Sephora.[147][148] In September 2009, Lohan became an artistic adviser for the French fashion house Emanuel Ungaro;[149] a collection by designer Estrella Archs with Lohan as adviser was presented in October, receiving a "disastrous" reception, according to Entertainment Weekly and New York.[150][151] Lohan left the company in March 2010.[152]

During the 2008 US presidential campaign, Lohan offered her services to Barack Obama's election effort, including hosting events aimed at young voters; but her offer was declined. An unnamed source within the Obama campaign told the Chicago Sun-Times that Lohan was "not exactly the kind of high-profile star who would be a positive for us."[153] She nonetheless posted MySpace blogs with her opinions on the election, urging voters to support Obama, criticizing media coverage of vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin, and describing Palin as homophobic, anti-abortion and anti-environmentalist.[154][155][156][157] Lohan had previously expressed an interest in going to Iraq, during the Iraq War in 2006, on a USO tour with Hillary Clinton.[158] Back in 2004, Lohan stated that she did not like to talk about politics in order to avoid alienating any part of her fanbase.[159]

Lohan dated DJ Samantha Ronson in 2008 and 2009.[160][161] Lohan co-hosted club events with Ronson and accompanied her when she was DJ-ing.[162][163] Speaking about her sexual orientation, Lohan has said she is not a lesbian. When asked if she is bisexual, she responded "Maybe. Yeah", adding "I don't want to classify myself."[160] In April 2009, following her breakup with Ronson, Lohan appeared in a skit on the comedy website Funny or Die. The self-deprecating video is a spoof of the personal ads on dating website eHarmony.[164] It was viewed 2.7 million times in the first week and received favorable comments from the media.[165]

In the 2009 comedy Labor Pains, Lohan plays a woman who pretends to be pregnant. During the shoot, Lohan's manager worked with the paparazzi to encourage the media to show her working, as opposed to partying.[166] It was originally planned for a theatrical release, but instead appeared as a TV movie on the ABC Family cable channel in July 2009, "a setback for the star" according to Variety.[167][168] The premiere received 2.1 million viewers, "better-than-average" for the channel according to E! Online.[169] Joanna Weiss of The Boston Globe commented that Lohan "looks to be coasting through a part that requires little effort, anyway".[170] Alessandra Stanley of The New York Times said "this is not a triumphant return of a prodigal child star. ... [Labor Pains] never shakes free of the heavy baggage Ms. Lohan brings to the role".[171]

Lohan was a guest judge on US TV style contest Project Runway sixth season premiere episode, which aired in August 2009.[172][173] The same month Lohan's home was burglarized by The Bling Ring, a group of fashion-motivated burglars whose ringleader considered Lohan to be their ultimate conquest. Video surveillance of the burglary recorded at Lohan's home played a large role in breaking the case.[174]

[edit] 2010–present: Legal issues, Machete and television

After the Haiti earthquake, Lohan gave fund-raising assistance to the British Red Cross in March 2010 to provide aid for the country.[175] The same month, Lohan commenced legal proceedings in which she sought $100 million from financial services company E-Trade for a television advertisement that Lohan claimed invoked her likeness without her permission. The suit was settled on confidential terms in September.[176][177][178]

Lohan narrated and presented the BBC Three documentary Lindsay Lohan's Indian Journey about human trafficking in India. The program was filmed during a week in India in December 2009 and aired in April 2010.[179][180][181] A reviewer for The Times said that rather than highlight trafficking "the spotlight was effectively turned on Lohan and under it she wilted."[182] A review in The Independent found it "very compelling" and said that the inclusion of Lohan was "definitely not a terrible choice. Just a very, very odd one."[183] Lohan said the experience was "truly humbling" and "I hope my presence in India will bring awareness to the really important issues raised in making this film."[184]

In May 2010 Lohan travelled to the Cannes Film Festival to promote the biopic Inferno: A Linda Lovelace Story, in which she was set to star as the lead, adult-film performer Linda Lovelace.[185][186] While she was in court mandated rehab in November, it was announced that Lohan would be replaced by another actress.[187][188] Because she was in Cannes, Lohan missed a mandatory DUI progress hearing. A bench warrant was issued for her arrest which was rescinded after she posted bail. Lohan was ordered to attend alcohol education classes, wear an alcohol-monitoring bracelet, and undergo random drug tests to remain free on bail.[189][190] At a July 6 hearing, the judge determined that Lohan had violated the terms of her probation by missing several mandatory classes and meetings. She was sentenced to 90 days in jail followed by 90 days of mandatory inpatient rehab treatment.[191][192] Lohan served only 14 days of the jail sentence, between July 20 and August 2, due to overcrowding.[193][194][195][196] She then entered an inpatient rehabilitation facility, from where she was released after only 23 days.[195][197][198][199] Her lawyer stated that "the treating doctors at UCLA felt she had done everything required of her there."[200] She was ordered to submit to random drug and alcohol screenings and attend mandatory therapy.[198][199]

In June 2010, Lohan was the subject of a fashion shoot in the photographer docu-series Double Exposure on Bravo.[201] Lohan appeared on the October 2010 cover of Vanity Fair. She told the magazine: "I want my career back" and "I know that I'm a damn good actress". Talking about her DUI incidents she said "These were my college years ... but they were in the public eye. I was irresponsible. I was experimenting."[202][203][204] Lohan appears in one sketch in the movie Underground Comedy 2010 . She is dressed up as Marilyn Monroe, while still visibly wearing a SCRAM bracelet, and shoots at paparazzi photographers. As of September 2010, the movie was still seeking a distributor.[204]

Robert Rodriguez's action exploitation film Machete opened on September 3, 2010. Lohan filmed her scenes for the movie in August and September 2009.[205][206] She plays April, the spoiled daughter of a wealthy businessman. Her character takes drugs, is naked in much of her appearance and later dons a nuns habit while toting a machine gun. The Washington Post described Lohan's character as "a campier, trampier version of herself – or at least her tabloid image".[207] Premiere.com said she was "terrible" while Variety called it "her best work in some time."[208][209] Because of her rehabilitation and legal engagements Lohan did not participate in promotion of the movie.[210][211][212]

On September 24, 2010, Lohan's probation was revoked following a failed drug test.[213][214][215] She spent part of the day in jail before being released on bail.[215][216][217][218] A few days later she entered the Betty Ford Center, a drug and alcohol treatment center, where she remained on court order for three months until early January 2011.[210][219][219][220][221][222]

On February 9, 2011, Lohan was charged with the theft of a necklace reported stolen from a jewelry store in January.[223][224][225] She was sentenced to 120 days in jail and 480 hours of community service for misdemeanor theft and probation violation, to which she pled no contest. She was also ordered to remain under supervised probation until the completion of her community service.[226][227][228][229][230] Due to jail overcrowding, Lohan served the sentence under house arrest, wearing a tracking ankle monitor, for 35 days between May 26 and June 29.[231][232][233][234][235][236] In November Lohan was found to have violated the terms of her probation by failing to perform the required community service. She was sentenced to 30 days of jail and 400 hours of community service.[237][238][239][240][241] On November 7 Lohan spent less than five hours in jail due to overcrowding.[242][243] On March 29, 2012, Lohan's supervised probation ended after she completed the required community service and therapy. She will still be on informal probation for the necklace theft until May 2014, with the only requirement to follow the law.[244][245]

Lohan appeared in the January/February 2012 issue of Playboy magazine.[246] Hugh Hefner described the shoot as being inspired by a nude pictorial of Marilyn Monroe which was in first issue of Playboy.[247] Hefner said in a tweet that the issue was "breaking sales records."[248] Lohan hosted the March 3, 2012 episode of Saturday Night Live; her fourth time hosting the show. Her previous time hosting the show was in 2006.[249] Her appearance received mixed to negative reviews. Critics appreciated the self-deprecating references to her personal troubles, but also commented that she largely played a supporting role.[250] The episode had the second highest ratings of the season with 7.4 million viewers.[251][252] On May 15, 2012, Lohan appeared on the television series Glee in the episode "Nationals" as a celebrity judge. Critics commented that her appearance was brief, and said that she was "silly in a good way" but also "sort of depressing".[253]

In April 2012 it was confirmed that Lohan had been cast to play Elizabeth Taylor in a Lifetime TV movie titled Liz and Dick. Filming is planned to begin in June 2012 in Los Angeles.[254][255][256]

Filmography and awards[link]

Film roles
Year Title Role Notes and awards
1998 The Parent Trap Hallie Parker / Annie James Remake of the 1961 film of the same name
Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Feature Film – Leading Young Actress
Nominated—Blockbuster Entertainment Awards for Favorite Female Newcomer
2000 Life-Size Casey Stuart Television film
2002 Get a Clue Alexandra "Lexy" Gold Disney Channel Original Movie
2003 Freaky Friday Anna Coleman Remake
MTV Movie Award for Breakthrough Female Performance
Teen Choice Award for Choice Hissy Fit
Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Breakout Star
Nominated—Young Artist Award for Best Performance in a Feature Film – Leading Young Actress
2004 Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen Mary Elizabeth "Lola" Cep Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Breakout Star
2004 Mean Girls Cady Heron MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance
MTV Movie Award for Best On-Screen Team
Teen Choice Award for Choice Actress – Comedy
Teen Choice Award for Choice Blush
Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Breakout Star
Nominated—Broadcast Film Critics Association Awarda, Critics Choice Award for Best Young Actress
Nominated—Kids Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actress
Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Chemistry
Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Liar
2005 Herbie: Fully Loaded Maggie Peyton Kids Choice Award for Favorite Movie Actress
Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Actress – Comedy
2006 Just My Luck Ashley Albright Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Actress – Comedy
Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Hissy Fit
2006 A Prairie Home Companion Lola Johnson Nominated—Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards, Critics Choice Award for Best Acting Ensemble
Nominated—Gotham Award for Best Ensemble Cast
2006 The Holiday Herself Cameo appearance
2006 Bobby Diane Howser Hollywood Film Award for Ensemble of the Year
Nominated—Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards, Critics Choice Award for Best Acting Ensemble
Nominated—Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Actress – Drama
2007 Georgia Rule Rachel Wilcox Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Actress – Drama
2007 I Know Who Killed Me Aubrey Flemming / Dakota Moss Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress
Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Screen Couple/Ensemble
2008 Chapter 27 Jude Hanson
2009 Labor Pains Thea Clayhill ABC Family Original Movie
2010 Machete April Booth
2012 InAPPropriate Comedy Marilyn
Television roles
Year Title Role Notes
1992 Late Night with David Letterman Trick-or-Treater Dressed as Garbage "Episode dated 29 October 1992"
1996–1997 Another World Alexandra "Alli" Fowler Soap Opera
2000 Bette Rose Midler "Pilot" (Season 1, Episode 1)
2004 King of the Hill Jenny Medina "Talking Shop" (Season 8, Episode 22)
2004–2012 Saturday Night Live Herself/Host/Rapunzel/Various "Lindsay Lohan/Usher" (Season 29, Episode 18)
"Colin Farrell/Scissor Sisters" (Season 30, Episode 7, uncredited)
"Lindsay Lohan/Coldplay" (Season 30, Episode 20)
"Lindsay Lohan/Pearl Jam" (Season 31, Episode 16)
"Lindsay Lohan/Jack White" (Season 37, Episode 16)
2005 That '70s Show° Danielle "Mother's Little Helper" (Season 7, Episode 7)
2008 Ugly Betty Kimmie Keegan Recurring role; Seasons 23
"Jump" (Season 2, Episode 18, uncredited)
"The Manhattan Project" (Season 3, Episode 1)
"Granny Pants" (Season 3, Episode 5)
"Ugly Berry" (Season 3, Episode 6)
2008 Living Lohan Herself "Acting Up" (Season 1, Episode 9)
2009 Project Runway Herself/Guest Judge "Welcome to Los Angeles!" (Season 6, Episode 1)
2010 Double Exposure Herself "I'm Gonna Smash the Ringflash!" (Season 1, Episode 3)
2012 Glee Nationals Judge (Herself) "Nationals" (Season 3, Episode 21)

Discography[link]

References[link]

General
Specific
  1. "AP-News Pronunciation Guide L-R". Associated Press. http://www.krgv.com/news/ap-news-pronunciation-guide-l-r3/. Retrieved March 13, 2010. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Profiles of Tom Cruise, Lindsay Lohan, Michael Caine". CNN People in the News. July 2, 2005. CNN.  "Kyra Phillips: Lindsay Morgan [sic] Lohan's life began on July 2nd, 1986. Though she was born in New York City, she was raised in the upper middle class Long Island town of Cold Spring Harbor."
  3. Tung, Jennifer (September 7, 2003). "Pulse: what I'm wearing Now; The Teenage Film Star". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2003/09/07/style/pulse-what-i-m-wearing-now-the-teenage-film-star.html. Retrieved July 27, 2008. "In real life, Ms. Lohan and her own mother, Dina Lohan, are much more compatible, especially when it comes to clothes. ... Ms. Lohan, 17, lives in Merrick, on Long Island, when she is not filming." 
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Dominic Wills. "Lindsay Lohan Biography". TalkTalk. http://www.talktalk.co.uk/entertainment/film/biography/artist/lindsay-lohan/biography/153. Retrieved February 1, 2010. 
  5. O'Driscoll, Sean (July 20, 2004). "The Craic; Sooooo Embarrassing!". Irish Voice. http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-98588526.html. Retrieved December 10, 2007. 
  6. 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 "Lindsay Lohan biography". The Biography Channel. http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biographies/lindsay-lohan.html. Retrieved March 19, 2010. 
  7. Lynda Obst (June 2004). "Lindsay Lohan: One of the movies' biggest rising stars goes on the record". Interview magazine (Interview, Inc.). Archived from the original on April 29, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080429133107/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1285/is_5_34/ai_n6041484. Retrieved August 25, 2009. "Did you even get to go to high school? ... Yes. Up until the 11th grade, when I started home-schooling." 
  8. 8.0 8.1 "Lohan parents' divorce heats up on Long Island". Associated Press. msnbc.com. August 6, 2007. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/20152244/. Retrieved November 12, 2008. 
  9. Peretz 2006. "Dina and Michael separated when Lindsay was just three ... But, like many young people in love, Dina took her husband back for a period."
  10. 10.0 10.1 Katie Thomas (August 10, 2007). "Lohan case illustrates flawed state system". Newsday. 
  11. 11.0 11.1 "Lohan's parents end divorce row". BBC News. August 18, 2007. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/6953075.stm. Retrieved August 19, 2007. 
  12. "Lindsay Lohan's Dad Gets Prison Sentence". Fox Broadcasting Company. May 28, 2005. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,157984,00.html. Retrieved July 3, 2006. 
  13. 13.0 13.1 13.2 13.3 "Lindsay Lohan Biography: People.com". People. Archived from the original on January 31, 2010. http://www.people.com/people/lindsay_lohan/biography. Retrieved January 31, 2010. 
  14. 14.0 14.1 14.2 "Lindsay Lohan: Biography: Rolling Stone". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on January 31, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5nC9NQfBv. Retrieved January 31, 2010. 
  15. "The Parent Trap (1998)". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=parenttrap98.htm. Retrieved October 3, 2009. 
  16. "Kenneth Turan: The Parent Trap". Los Angeles Times. July 29, 1998. http://articles.latimes.com/1998/jul/29/entertainment/ca-7980. 
  17. "20th Annual Awards". The Young Artist Foundation. http://www.youngartistawards.org/pastnoms20.htm. Retrieved October 18, 2009. 
  18. Sarah Barnard. "Lindsay Lohan Biography". The Biography Channel. http://www.thebiographychannel.co.uk/biographies/lindsay-lohan.html. Retrieved August 20, 2009. 
  19. Peretz 2006. "As the script was written, the character was Goth, Lohan recalls: 'No one could relate to the character when she was really Goth. There was nothing there.' She took it upon herself to change it – before the audition. 'I dressed really preppy,' she says. 'I wore a collared turquoise Abercrombie & Fitch shirt and khaki pants, swear to God, with a white headband. And my hair was really straight and pretty and red and blond. My agent calls and was like, "What are you doing?!"' The studio ended up re-writing the character entirely.'"
  20. Ebert, Roger (August 6, 2003). "Freaky Friday". Chicago Sun-Times. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20030806/REVIEWS/308060301/1023. Retrieved October 3, 2009. 
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  22. "Freaky Friday (2003)". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=freakyfriday03.htm. Retrieved August 26, 2009. 
  23. "Lindsay Lohan – Rotten Tomatoes Celebrity Profile". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/celebrity/lindsay_lohan/. Retrieved October 15, 2009. 
  24. "Lindsay Lohan". W Magazine. April 2005. http://www.wmagazine.com/celebrities/archive/lindsay_lohan?currentPage=4. Retrieved August 5, 2008. "it was with Ann-Margret in mind that she decided to make a foray into music. 'A lot of the people that I looked up to, the Ann-Margrets and the Marilyn Monroes, everyone was a triple threat,' she explains. 'You had to sing, dance and act, and you did it in all your movies.'" 
  25. "Lindsay Lohan Biography & Awards". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/artist/lindsay-lohan/561649#/artist/lindsay-lohan/bio/561649. Retrieved October 4, 2009. 
  26. 26.0 26.1 Gray, Brandon (May 3, 2004). "'Mean Girls' Surprisingly Nice $24.4M Weekend". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=1325&p=.htm. Retrieved October 3, 2009. 
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  28. Elder, Robert K.. "Little to Forgive in Confessions". Metromix. http://chicago.metromix.com/movies/review/little-to-forgive-in/158689/content. Retrieved October 3, 2009. 
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  30. "Mean Girls (2004)". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=meangirls.htm. Retrieved October 17, 2009. 
  31. "Internet Reviews: Mean Girls". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.imdb.com/reviews/376/37657.html. Retrieved January 29, 2006. 
  32. de Moraes, Lisa (August 18, 2004). "NBC Sets and Spikes the Competition". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A9835-2004Aug17. Retrieved October 17, 2009. 
  33. "2005 Movie Awards Winners". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/ontv/movieawards/2005/. Retrieved November 14, 2009. 
  34. Susman, Gary (June 7, 2004). "Kill Bill – Vol. I tops MTV Movie Awards". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,646426,00.html. Retrieved October 18, 2009. 
  35. "World Music Awards come to London". BBC News. November 15, 2006. http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnews/hi/newsid_6140000/newsid_6149900/6149996.stm. Retrieved October 3, 2009. 
  36. "Speak :Lindsay Lohan". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r719491. Retrieved March 15, 2010. 
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  38. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (2004). "Speak Review". Allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/album/r719491. Retrieved March 19, 2010. 
  39. "Lindsay Lohan: Rumors". Rolling Stone. http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/lindsaylohan/albums/album/6490352/rid/6507507. Retrieved January 27, 2006. [dead link]
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  41. "Rumors". Recording Industry Association of America. http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?resultpage=1&table=SEARCH_RESULTS&action=&title=Rumors&artist=Lindsay%20Lohan&format=SINGLE&debutLP=&category=&sex=&releaseDate=&requestNo=&type=&level=&label=&company=&certificationDate=&awardDescription=&catalogNo=&aSex=&rec_id=&charField=&gold=&platinum=&multiPlat=&level2=&certDate=&album=&id=&after=on&before=on&startMonth=1&endMonth=12&startYear=2005&endYear=2005&sort=Artist&perPage=10. Retrieved March 19, 2010. 
  42. 42.0 42.1 42.2 Peretz 2006.
  43. "Lindsay Lohan, Wilmer Valderrama Split". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,781868,00.html. 
  44. Binelli, Mark (August 19, 2004). "Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on March 8, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080308202138/http://www.rollingstone.com/news/coverstory/lindsay_lohan_teenage_drama_queen. Retrieved August 20, 2008. "All of which resulted in Lohan becoming a favorite object of scrutiny for the paparazzi and the online pervert community alike" 
  45. Peretz 2006. "After Mean Girls, Lohan moved into the Four Seasons in Los Angeles – alone."
  46. Apodaca 2008. "After years of living like a rock star in hotels – a year at the Hollywood Roosevelt, followed by two years and two suites at the Chateau Marmont – Lindsay wanted to go home. Which meant actually creating a home. Last fall, she took the keys to a Beverly Hills estate she leases with Semel. It took her five years of living in Los Angeles, where she moved when she was a squeaky-sweet 16, to finally settle down."
  47. Kaylin 2008. "Whereas Lohan used to live in hotels – 'I didn't want to be alone, so whatever I needed I could just go downstairs and there were people there' – she now recognizes the unhealthiness of that. 'It wasn't a way of life,' she says. 'Not very consistent.'"
  48. "Lindsay Lohan Sued Over Car Accident". Fox Broadcasting Company. February 3, 2005. http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,146228,00.html. Retrieved March 4, 2007. 
  49. Corey Moss; Gil Kaufman (October 5, 2005). "Lindsay Lohan Taken To Hospital After Car Accident". MTV. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1510909/20051004/lohan_lindsay.jhtml. Retrieved December 7, 2007. 
  50. "Photog Gets Break after Lohan Crash". Newsday. Archived from the original on January 14, 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060114105430/http://www.newsday.com/entertainment/news/ny-flashtwo4569547dec30,0,6838959.story. Retrieved October 2, 2009. 
  51. "Herbie: Fully Loaded (2005)". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=herbie05.htm. Retrieved January 25, 2006. 
  52. "Herbie: Fully Loaded (2005)". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/herbie_fully_loaded/. Retrieved October 17, 2009. 
  53. Stephen Holden (June 22, 2005). "Lord Love a VW Bug That Knows Its Mind". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/22/movies/22herb.html. Retrieved October 17, 2009. 
  54. James Berardinelli. "Herbie: Fully Loaded". ReelViews. http://www.reelviews.net/php_review_template.php?identifier=1188. Retrieved October 17, 2009. 
  55. Larry Carroll. "Lohan Still A Redhead On Toy-Store Shelves, In Cartoons". vh1. Archived from the original on October 1, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071001020110/http://www.vh1.com/movies/news/articles/1507565/08122005/story.jhtml. Retrieved December 3, 2006. 
  56. "Slant magazine: Music Review: A Little More Personal (Raw)". Slant Magazine. http://www.slantmagazine.com/music/review/lindsay-lohan-a-little-more-personal-raw/686. Retrieved January 29, 2006. 
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  58. "Lohan Puts "Heart" into Second Album". Billboard. http://www.billboard.com/news/lohan-puts-heart-into-second-album-1001219529.story#/news/lohan-puts-heart-into-second-album-1001219529.story. Retrieved April 20, 2010. 
  59. "Artist Chart History – Lindsay Lohan". Billboard. Archived from the original on March 11, 2009. http://web.archive.org/web/20070311151809/http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/retrieve_chart_history.do?model.vnuArtistId=561649&model.vnuAlbumId=750350. Retrieved October 4, 2009. 
  60. 60.0 60.1 Bachrach 2007
  61. Apodaca 2008. "'I'm a family girl. I love my family. I love them to death. They're amazing, and that's something you can't take for granted.'"
  62. Binelli, Mark (August 19, 2004). "Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen". Rolling Stone. "... the best dad. He's the most loving, kind person you could ever meet." 
  63. Bachrach 2007. "... gossip items starring her father. 'I don't speak to him,' she tells me."
  64. Kaylin 2008. "she's shutting down communication with Dad for a bit – 'until he decides to be a grown-up.' Family turmoil's been a constant for a while now. 'It was always up and down,' Lohan says of her teen years – 'very unpredictable. It was just of just like whether he was gonna be there, what he would be like; we didn't know what to expect from him, which was difficult.'"
  65. Heyman, Marshall (December 2008). "Lindsay Lohan: Myth vs. Reality". Harper's Bazaar. http://www.harpersbazaar.com/magazine/cover/lindsay-lohan-cover-story-1208. Retrieved December 15, 2008. "The two are not speaking at the moment, though Lindsay insists, "He's not a bad guy. He's just making bad choices."" 
  66. Nudd, Tim (November 6, 2009). "Lindsay Lohan's Dad Says God Is Punishing Her". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20318141,00.html. Retrieved December 15, 2009. 
  67. Fleeman, Mike (November 5, 2009). "Lindsay Lohan Stands Up to Her Father". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20317833,00.html. Retrieved December 15, 2009. 
  68. Dunkley, Cathy (December 22, 2004). "Thesp Lohan bids adieu to Endeavor". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117915397.html. Retrieved October 21, 2009. 
  69. Gray, Brandon (May 15, 2006). "'Poseidon' Capsizes, Cruise Clings to Top Spot". Box Office Mojo. http://boxofficemojo.com/news/?id=2067&p=.htm. Retrieved October 21, 2009. 
  70. "Just My Luck (2006)". Rotten Tomatoes. http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/just_my_luck/. Retrieved April 16, 2010. 
  71. "Razzies 2006 Nominees for Worst Actress". http://razzies.com/history/06nomActr.asp. Retrieved October 18, 2009. 
  72. Goldman, Andrew (September 2006). "La Vida Lohan". Elle. http://www.elle.com/Pop-Culture/Cover-Shoots/La-Vida-Lohan. Retrieved August 20, 2008. "her recent choices to take small roles in more adult-themed independent films" 
  73. "Rolling Stone: A Prairie Home Companion: Review". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on June 12, 2006. http://web.archive.org/web/20060612234127/http://www.rollingstone.com/reviews/movie/_/id/9200812/rid/10466862/. Retrieved June 14, 2006. 
  74. West, Kevin (May 2006). "Two Queens". W magazine. http://www.wmagazine.com/celebrities/archive/lindsay_lohan_meryl_streep. Retrieved December 15, 2009. 
  75. Hornaday, Ann (November 23, 2006). "'Bobby' Turns Back the Clock To a Fateful Day". The Washington Post. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/22/AR2006112202099.html. Retrieved November 4, 2008. "... that generation is most effectively embodied by a character named Diane (Lindsay Lohan), who is planning to marry a boy she knows only vaguely to keep him from going to Vietnam. When she explains what she's doing to a manicurist played by Sharon Stone, the unspoken wisdom between the two women is palpable and quietly electrifying." 
  76. Macdonald, Moira (December 21, 2006). "Poignant story gets a lift from heavyweight cast". The Seattle Times. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/movies/2003443730_bobby23.html. Retrieved November 4, 2008. "But for every moment that sags, another soars. Lindsay Lohan is tremulous and sweet as Diane. ... Sharon Stone['s] ... scenes with Lohan ... are surprisingly gentle." 
  77. Judy Faber (January 17, 2007). "Lindsay Lohan Enters Rehab". CBS News. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/01/17/entertainment/main2369558.shtml. Retrieved November 14, 2009. "She's up for a SAG award as part of the ensemble cast of "Bobby."" 
  78. "Hollywood Film Festival News". Hollywood Network, Inc. http://hollywoodawards.com/news/2006/honorees_nominees.html. Retrieved November 14, 2009. 
  79. Hiscock, John (May 6, 2006). "Lindsay finally getting to grow up onscreen". Toronto Star. http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/thestar/access/1032771181.html?dids=1032771181:1032771181&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=May+06%2C+2006&author=John+Hiscock&pub=Toronto+Star&desc=Lindsay+finally+getting+to+grow+up+onscreen&pqatl=google. "has just finished Chapter 27" 
  80. Halbfinger 2007. "Another finished film starring Ms. Lohan and Jared Leto, 'Chapter 27,' ... won critical support at the Sundance Film Festival but has not found a distributor."
  81. "Chapter 27 (2008)". Box Office Mojo. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=chapter27.htm. Retrieved October 3, 2009. "Widest Release: 11 theaters, Release Date: March 28, 2008" 
  82. Owen Gleiberman (May 9, 2007). "Georgia Rule (2007)". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20038337,00.html. Retrieved October 18, 2009. 
  83. "Lindsay Lohan Sent to the Hospital". People. July 26, 2006. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,26334,1219436,00.html. Retrieved December 15, 2009. 
  84. "Lindsay Lohan & Harry Morton: It's Over?". People. September 22, 2006. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,26334,1538390,00.html. Retrieved April 17, 2010. 
  85. "Studio exec: Lohan 'acted like a spoiled child'". Associated Press. msnbc.com. July 29, 2006. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/14087536/. Retrieved October 2, 2009. 
  86. Millea, Holly (August 2, 2007). "Girl On Fire". Elle. http://www.elle.com/Pop-Culture/Cover-Shoots/Girl-On-Fire/Lindsay-Lohan. Retrieved December 15, 2009. 
  87. "Lohan faces alcohol demons". The Daily Telegraph (Australia). December 3, 2006. http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/story/0,668,20860420-5006009,00.html. Retrieved April 17, 2010. 
  88. Peretz 2006. "'Lindsay has had bronchial asthma since she was two,' Dina says."
  89. Apodaca 2008 "One thing Lindsay can't give up (right now) is smoking, an addiction that she, like many others who've undergone alcohol and drug rehab, retains despite her asthma and despite the nagging throat clearing today that interrupts the conversation."
  90. "Appendix Surgery for Lindsay Lohan". People. January 5, 2007. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20006632,00.html. Retrieved April 17, 2010. "Lindsay Lohan had surgery to remove her appendix on Thursday. "She does have appendicitis, and she is getting her appendix removed," her rep, Leslie Sloane, told PEOPLE Thursday afternoon." 
  91. "Lindsay Lohan Checks Into Rehab". People. January 18, 2007. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20008812,00.html. Retrieved April 17, 2010. "Lohan, 20, has been filming the thriller I Know Who Killed Me, and a rep for the movie tells PEOPLE production had already been on hold due to Lohan's recent appendix surgery. It's uncertain when filming will resume." 
  92. Finn 2007. "Production had already been halted at the beginning of January, when Lohan took a timeout for an appendectomy. She received the go-ahead from her doctor to go back to work early last week."
  93. "Us Exclusive: Lohan Enters Rehab". Us Weekly. January 18, 2007. Archived from the original on November 11, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20071111105050/http://usmagazine.com/linsday_lohan_0. Retrieved April 6, 2010. 
  94. "Star checks out of treatment centre". NOW. February 19, 2007. http://www.nowmagazine.co.uk/celebrity-news/234745/lindsay-lohan-leaves-rehab/1/. Retrieved April 6, 2010. 
  95. "Lindsay Lohan Checks Into Rehab". People. January 18, 2007. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20008812,00.html. "Lindsay Lohan has checked into rehab, she said in a statement Wednesday. 'I have made a proactive decision to take care of my personal health,' she said. "I appreciate your well wishes and ask that you please respect my privacy at this time.'" 
  96. Finn 2007. "Per her rep, Lohan has been free to work and carry on with her life during the day and head back to Wonderland at night. She returned to the set of the upcoming thriller I Know Who Killed Me Jan. 26, nine days after starting treatment. 'She's on set today,' Zelnik added."
  97. Dagostino, Mark (February 1, 2007). "Lindsay Lohan Backs Out of Upcoming Movie". People. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20010614,00.html. Retrieved January 12, 2009. "Lindsay Lohan, who entered rehab last month, has backed out of an upcoming movie, A Woman of No Importance, her rep confirms to PEOPLE. ... Rather than jumping from movie to movie, Lohan plans to take it easy for a few weeks, according to Sloane, who adds: 'It's a mature thing to do. ... She's doing this so she can focus on getting better.'" 
  98. Finn 2007. "Planning to take it easy for a while once she completes rehab for what ails her, Lindsay Lohan has opted to drop out of one of her upcoming film projects, the big-screen adaptation of the Oscar Wilde play A Woman of No Importance. 'She's doing great,' Lohan's publicist, Leslie Sloane Zelnik, told E! Online senior editor Marc Malkin, adding that she needs to focus on her treatment for now."
  99. "In brief: Miller replaces Lohan as Dylan Thomas' wife". The Guardian (London). April 24, 2007. http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2007/apr/24/dylanthomas. Retrieved January 12, 2009. 
  100. "Love, cinema, Dylan and stardom". BBC News. June 1, 2008. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/wales/mid_/7429831.stm. Retrieved January 12, 2009. "Maybury said he had originally wanted Parent Trap actress Lindsay Lohan to play Thomas's wife, but he was unable to get her out of California to Wales for "insurance reasons."" 
  101. "Lindsay Lohan". Interview Magazine. February 2009. http://www.interviewmagazine.com/film/lindsay-lohan/2/. Retrieved January 12, 2009. "I spoke to John Maybury [director of Edge of Love] when I was in London ... I was supposed to do a movie for him three years ago, but I was going through a really bad time then." [dead link]
  102. "Lindsay Lohan & Calum Best's Romantic Escape". People. May 14, 2007. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20038781,00.html. Retrieved April 18, 2010. 
  103. McNary, Dave (May 28, 2007). "Lohan, Dawson to gang up on 'Poor'". Variety (Reed Elsevier Inc.). http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117965854. Retrieved February 19, 2011. 
  104. McNary, Dave (May 29, 2007). "Lindsay Lohan enters rehab". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117965946.html. Retrieved January 12, 2009. "The thesp was arrested for suspicion of driving under the influence Saturday after her convertible struck a curb, and investigators found what they believe is cocaine at the scene, police said. She admitted herself to an intensive medical rehabilitation facility, according to a statement released by her publicist, Leslie Sloane Zelnick. ... Zelnick told Daily Variety on Tuesday that she did not know if Lohan will be able to take part in "Poor Things," a dark comedy set to begin shooting on Wednesday. A rep for the producers said the project's still moving ahead and may have to switch schedules." 
  105. Halbfinger 2007. "Production of 'Poor Things' ... was initially to have begun May 30, but was derailed four days earlier when Ms. Lohan crashed her Mercedes and was charged with driving under the influence ... and she checked herself into the Promises rehabilitation facility. ... 'Poor Things' was put on hold."
  106. "Hollywood Execs Don't Like Lindsay Fully Loaded". Us Magazine. May 31, 2007. Archived from the original on June 2, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070602120610/http://usmagazine.com/lindsay_lohan_13. Retrieved January 12, 2009. "Producers Rob Hickman and Shirley MacLaine, who had recently signed Lohan to star in their film, Poor Things, released the following statement about Lindsay's involvement: 'In the spirit of helping Lindsay Lohan and her rehabilitation, we have been asked by Lindsay to comply with her wishes to continue working on Poor Things. We are trying to rearrange the shooting schedule to facilitate her working at the end of the shoot, to coincide with the completion of her rehabilitation. We wish her love and the blending of mind, body and spirit.'" 
  107. "Police: Actress Lindsay Lohan arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol". CNN. May 26, 2007. http://edition.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/europe/05/26/saturday/index.html. Retrieved April 18, 2010. 
  108. "Lindsay Lohan Returns To Rehab". CBS News. Associated Press. May 29, 2007. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/05/29/entertainment/main2865462.shtml. 
  109. Natalie Finn (July 15, 2007). "Lindsay Leaves Rehab Behind". E!. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070929135915/http://www.eonline.com/news/article/index.jsp?uuid=0cfded22-b4ef-4393-a654-33c78665e6b7. Retrieved October 2, 2009. 
  110. 110.0 110.1 "Lindsay Lohan Arrested For DUI, Narcotics Possession". KNBC. July 24, 2007. Archived from the original on September 27, 2007. http://web.archive.org/web/20070927015213/http://www.knbc.com/entertainment/13742793/detail.html. Retrieved October 1, 2009. 
  111. 111.0 111.1 Winton, Richard; Blankstein, Andrew (July 25, 2007). "Just out of rehab, Lohan arrested again on DUI, drug charges". The Seattle Times. http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/entertainment/2003804583_lohan25.html. Retrieved April 18, 2010. 
  112. Halbfinger 2007. "the larger casualty of Ms. Lohan's latest encounter with the law ... is 'Poor Things' ... filming was to have started in three weeks."
  113. 113.0 113.1 "Arrested Lohan Says 'I Am Innocent'". Associated Press via AOL News. July 25, 2007. Archived from the original on July 6, 2008. http://web.archive.org/web/20080706153901/http://news.aol.com/entertainment/movies/story/_a/arrested-lohan-says-i-am-innocent/20070725064409990001. Retrieved October 3, 2009. 
  114. "Lohan says 'I'm innocent' after latest arrest". The Guardian (UK: Guardian Media Group). July 25, 2007. http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2007/jul/25/news1. Retrieved October 3, 2009. 
  115. "Lindsay Lohan Leaves Rehab". People. September 25, 2007. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20058562,00.html. Retrieved April 18, 2010. 
  116. Mayberry, Carly (February 6, 2008). "Murphy latest 'Hall' monitor". Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN0649779020080206. Retrieved October 24, 2010. "Lohan fell out of the ["Poor Things"] project in May when she admitted herself to a rehabilitation facility." 
  117. "Dina Lohan: Riley 'Took Desperate Measures to Hurt Lindsay'". People. January 3, 2008. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20169048,00.html. Retrieved April 18, 2010. 
  118. Halbfinger 2007.
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  120. "28th Annual Golden Raspberry (Razzie) Award "Winners"". razzies.com. http://www.razzies.com/history/07winners.asp. Retrieved April 20, 2010. 
  121. Waxman, Sharon (May 31, 2007). "For Lohan, a Mix of Sympathy and Scorn". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/31/movies/31loha.html. Retrieved August 17, 2009. "...would not hire her until she proved herself healthy and reliable" ... "She would need perhaps to post her salary as bond, or pay for her own insurance, even on an independent film." 
  122. Markar, Sheila (July 24, 2007). "From Rising Star to 'Unemployable' Actress". ABC News. http://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/story?id=3409556. Retrieved August 17, 2009. "...unemployable until she proves she can stay clean, sober and free of charges." ... "Securing insurance, a necessary and costly step for making any movie, could be all but impossible if Lohan is involved in the project." 
  123. "Lindsay Lohan claims innocence". Variety. Associated Press. July 25, 2007. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1117969119.html. Retrieved November 15, 2009. "All Hollywood productions need insurance, and troublesome or troubled actors can often stand in the way of that requirement. ... 'I don't see how she's employable for the next 18 months' ... 'Who's going to insure her?'" 
  124. "Lindsay Lohan Reaches Plea Deal, Will Serve One Day In Jail; 'I Relapsed,' Actress Says". msnbc.com. August 23, 2007. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/20412029/. Retrieved August 25, 2007. 
  125. "Lindsay Lohan spends 84 minutes in jail". Associated Press. msnbc.com. November 15, 2007. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/21824406/. Retrieved April 18, 2010. 
  126. "Judge adds another year to Lohan's probation". Associated Press. msnbc.com. October 16, 2009. http://today.msnbc.msn.com/id/33334694/ns/entertainment-celebrities/. Retrieved October 18, 2009. 
  127. "Lindsay Lohan Biography". allmusic. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p606537. Retrieved April 18, 2010. 
  128. "Lindsay Lohan: 'It Was Time to Grow Up'". People. December 14, 2007. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20166542,00.html. Retrieved April 18, 2010. 
  129. "Lindsay Lohan Nabs Hitmakers for Third Album". Rolling Stone. June 26, 2008. http://www.rollingstone.com/rockdaily/index.php/2008/06/26/lindsay-lohan-plots-third-album/. Retrieved January 8, 2010. [dead link]
  130. "Lindsay Lohan Gets 'Bossy' On New Track". Billboard. May 7, 2008. http://www.billboard.com/news/lindsay-lohan-gets-bossy-on-new-track-1003805736.story. Retrieved April 18, 2010. 
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External links[link]

Preceded by
Seann William Scott and Justin Timberlake
MTV Movie Awards host
2004
Succeeded by
Jimmy Fallon
Preceded by
Sharon Stone
Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress
28th Golden Raspberry Awards
Succeeded by
Paris Hilton

http://wn.com/Lindsay_Lohan



Jon Hamm

Hamm at the Vancouver Olympics in February 2010
Born Jonathan Daniel Hamm
(1971-03-10) March 10, 1971 (age 41)
St. Louis, Missouri
United States
Alma mater University of Missouri
Occupation Actor, Director
Years active 2000–present
Partner Jennifer Westfeldt (1997–present)

Jonathan Daniel "Jon" Hamm (born March 10, 1971) is an American actor best known for playing advertising executive Don Draper in the AMC drama series Mad Men, which premiered in July 2007. His performance on the show earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Drama Series in 2008.

Contents

Early life[link]

Hamm was born in St. Louis, Missouri, to Daniel and Deborah Hamm. His father ran a family trucking company and his mother was a secretary.[1][2] Hamm's parents divorced when he was two, and he lived with his mother in Creve Coeur, Missouri,[2] until she was diagnosed with terminal abdominal cancer when he was 10.[3] Hamm then moved in with his father,[4] who died when Hamm was 20.

Hamm's first acting role was as Winnie-the-Pooh in first grade. At 16, he was cast as Judas in Godspell.[5] Although he enjoyed the experience, he did not take acting seriously. Hamm attended John Burroughs School in Ladue, Missouri, where he was a member of the football, baseball, and swim teams.[6] Following graduation in 1989, Hamm enrolled at the University of Texas,[7] where he was a member of the Upsilon Chapter of Sigma Nu fraternity.[8] Hamm returned home to attend the University of Missouri after his father's death.[7] At Missouri, he auditioned for and won a role in a production of A Midsummer Night's Dream.[4] Other roles followed, including Leon Czolgosz in Assassins.

After graduating in 1993 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in English,[9] Hamm returned to his high school to teach eighth-grade acting.[2][4][10] One of his students was Ellie Kemper, an actress best known for her role on The Office and as Hamm's co-star in Bridesmaids.[11]

Career[link]

Early work[link]

Hamm relocated to Los Angeles in 1995.[12] He moved into a house with four other aspiring actors and began waiting tables while attending auditions.[4]

He found employment as an actor difficult despite representation by the William Morris Endeavor.[13] In 1998, having failed to obtain any acting jobs after three years,[1] he was dropped by William Morris. Hamm continued working as a waiter,[4] and briefly took a job as a set designer for a softcore pornography film.[14] After repeatedly failing to find acting jobs, he set his thirtieth birthday as a deadline to succeed in Hollywood,[5] observing that:

You either suck that up and find another agent, or you go home and say you gave it a shot, but that's the end of that. The last thing I wanted to be out here was one of those actors who's 45 years old, with a tenuous grasp of their own reality, and not really working much. So I gave myself five years. I said, if I can't get it going by the time I'm 30, I'm in the wrong place. And as soon as I said that, it's like I started working right away.[4]

In 2000, Hamm was cast as firefighter Burt Ridley on NBC's drama series Providence.[15][16] Hamm made his feature film debut in Clint Eastwood's 2000 space adventure Space Cowboys. His role consisted of one line. More substantial roles followed in the independent comedy Kissing Jessica Stein (2001)[17] and the war film We Were Soldiers (2002).[18] Hamm played the recurring role of police inspector Nate Basso on Lifetime's television series The Division from 2002 to 2004.[15][16] Other television appearances included roles in What About Brian, CSI: Miami, Related, Numb3rs, The Unit, and The Sarah Silverman Program.[15][16]

Breakthrough role[link]

Hamm's breakthrough role came in 2007 when he was chosen from more than 80 candidates[14] to portray protagonist Don Draper in AMC's drama series Mad Men, despite initial concerns by director Alan Taylor and Mad Men creator Matthew Weiner that he was too handsome for the role. In the series, set in a fictional 1960s advertising agency, he plays a suave advertising executive with a mysterious past.[19] Hamm recalled, "I read the script for Mad Men and I loved it. I never thought they'd cast me. I mean, I thought they'd go with one of the five guys who look like me, but are movie stars."[20]

Hamm in November 2008

Mad Men debuted July 19, 2007, with almost 1.4 million viewers.[21] It quickly developed a loyal audience, with both the show and Hamm receiving strong reviews. Robert Bianco of USA Today was complimentary of Hamm, noting that his interpretation of Draper was a "star-making performance".[22] The Boston Globe's Matthew Gilbert called Hamm a "brilliant lead".[23]

Hamm appeared in the 2008 science fiction film The Day the Earth Stood Still, a remake of the 1951 film of the same name.[24] Although the film received negative reviews,[25] it was financially successful, earning $230 million worldwide at the box office.[26] Hamm hosted Saturday Night Live on October 25, 2008,[27] as well as on January 30 and October 30, 2010.[28][29] In 2009, Hamm appeared in three episodes of the NBC comedy 30 Rock as Dr. Drew Baird, a neighbor and love interest of Liz Lemon, portrayed by Tina Fey.[30] For his work on the sitcom, he received an Emmy nomination as Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series.[31] On December 12, 2010, Hamm lent his voice to Fox's animated series The Simpsons, portraying an FBI supervisor.[32]

Hamm's first leading film role was in 2009's Stolen, an independent mystery thriller in which he portrayed a father attempting to discover the circumstances surrounding his son's kidnapping.[33][34] The Hollywood Reporter's Frank Scheck stated that the feature never came together, and added that Hamm was unable to do much with his "underwritten role".[35] Hamm had a voice cameo in the animated feature Shrek Forever After, released in May 2010, as an ogre named Brogan.[36] Also in 2010, Hamm appeared opposite Ben Affleck as an FBI agent in The Town.[37] Hamm was pleased that the film offered him a chance to play a role unlike that of Don Draper, explaining that he had received "about forty scripts that were all set in the 60s, or had me playing advertising guys."[38] The film received generally favorable reviews[39] and earned $144 million worldwide.[40] Still another 2010 project found Hamm playing a defense attorney in Howl, based on Allen Ginsberg's 1956 poem of the same name.[41] 2011 projects included roles in Zack Snyder's action-fantasy movie Sucker Punch and the independent feature Friends with Kids, directed by real-life partner Jennifer Westfeldt, which he helped co-produce.[42]

He has a recurring role in The Increasingly Poor Decisions of Todd Margaret as the servant of sociopathic billionaire Dave Mountford, the role of which is later revealed to in fact be a fictionalized version of Jon Hamm, complaining that being made into Dave's servant has made him need to be written out of the first four episodes of Mad Men.

Personal life[link]

Hamm with girlfriend Jennifer Westfeldt at the 60th Primetime Emmy Awards, 2008

Hamm has been in a romantic relationship with actress and screenwriter Jennifer Westfeldt since 1997.[3] They own homes in Los Angeles and the Upper West Side of New York.[3][17] In an interview, Hamm stated: "We may not have a piece of paper that says we're husband and wife, but after 10 years, Jennifer is more than just a girlfriend. What we have is much deeper and we both know that. To me, people [should] get married when they're ready to have kids, which I'm not ruling out."[43] Hamm, along with Westfeldt, has appeared in Gap advertisements.[44] In April 2009, Hamm and Westfeldt formed their own production company, Points West Pictures.[45][46] The couple are advocates of animal rescue and adopted a dog named Cora from the Much Love Animal Shelter in California.[47]

Although his role as Draper requires him to smoke, Hamm gave up smoking when he was 24.[48][49] Due to laws regulating workplace safety, he does not smoke actual cigarettes, but rather herbal cigarettes that do not contain tobacco or nicotine.[49][50]

Hamm was named Salon.com's Sexiest Man Living in 2007,[51] and was named one of People magazine's Sexiest Men Alive in 2008.[52] Hamm won GQ's 'International Man' award in September 2010[53] and was named one of Entertainment Weekly's Entertainers of the Year in 2008 and 2010.[54]

Hamm is an avid golfer[55] and a devoted fan of both the NHL's St. Louis Blues (going as far as appearing in two television ads for the team)[56] and the MLB's St. Louis Cardinals.[57] He narrated the official highlight film for the 2011 World Series in which the Cardinals won. Growing up, Hamm was a fan of the NFL's St. Louis Cardinals, who in 1988 moved to Phoenix, eventually becoming the Arizona Cardinals. Hamm states, however, that given the Cardinals' dismal performance during the 1970s, he adopted the Pittsburgh Steelers as his fallback team. Hamm cites the Steelers' success during the 1970s and his distaste for the Cowboys' prowess over the Cardinals as a reason for choosing the Steelers.[58]

In March 2010, Hamm replaced actor Richard Thomas as the voiceover for Mercedes-Benz' S400 Hybrid ad campaign.[59]

Filmography[link]

Hamm on the set of The Town in September 2009

Feature films[link]

Year Title Role Notes
2000 Space Cowboys Young Pilot No.2
2001 Kissing Jessica Stein Charles
2002 We Were Soldiers Capt. Matt Dillon
2006 Ira and Abby Ronnie
2007 The Ten Skydiving Guide Chris Knarl
2008 The Day the Earth Stood Still Dr. Michael Granier
2009 A Single Man Hank Ackerley Voice Only
Uncredited[60]
2010 Stolen Tom Adkins Sr.
Shrek Forever After Brogan Voice Only[36]
The A-Team Col. Lynch Uncredited[61]
The Town Adam Frawley
Howl Jake Ehrlich
2011 Sucker Punch High Roller/Doctor
Bridesmaids[62] Ted Uncredited
2012 Friends with Kids Ben Also Producer
2013 The Congress

Television[link]

Year Title Role Notes
2000 Providence Burt Ridley
The Trouble with Normal Jackson
The Hughleys Buzz Episode: "Lies My Valentine Told Me"
2001 Early Bird Special Red-Headed Cop Episode: "Pilot"
2002 The Division Inspector Nate Basso
Gilmore Girls Peyton Sanders Episode: "Eight O'Clock at the Oasis"
2005 CSI: Miami Dr. Brent Kessler Episode: "Three-Way"
Episode: "Payback"
Point Pleasant Dr. George Forrester Episode: "Who's Your Daddy"
Episode: "The Lonely Hunter"
Charmed Jack Brody Episode: "Ordinary Witches"
2006 The Unit Wilson James
What About Brian Richard Povich
Numb3rs Richard Clast Episode: "Hardball"
Related Danny Episode: "Related"
2007 The Sarah Silverman Program Cable Guy Episode: "Muffin' Man"
2007–present Mad Men Don Draper Main character
2008 Saturday Night Live Host One episode
2009–2012 30 Rock Dr. Drew Baird Episode: "Generalissimo"
Episode: "St. Valentine's Day"
Episode: "The Bubble"
Episode: "Anna Howard Shaw Day"
Episode: "Emanuelle Goes to Dinosaur Land"
Episode: "Live Show"
Episode: Live from Studio 6H
2010 Childrens Hospital Derrick Childrens Episode: "The Sultan's Finger"
Episode: "Run, Dr. Lola Spratt, Run"
The Simpsons FBI Investigator Episode: "Donnie Fatso"
Saturday Night Live Host Two episodes
2011 Saturday Night Live Himself (as Ace) Cameo
2012 The Increasingly Poor Decisions of Todd Margaret Himself Episode: "Todd’s Terrible Day Ends and His Next Terrible Day Begins"

Episode: "How The Liver and The Salad Conspired to Ruin Todd’s Good Deed"
Episode: "In Which Todd Accidentally Learns a Secret and Brent and Doug Get Closer to Further From the Truth"
Episode: "The Crime Scene, The Storyteller and the Sanctimonious Tower of Morality"

Saturday Night Live Himself Cameo
30 Rock Alfie Episode: "Live from Studio 6H"
Real Time with Bill Maher Himself Special Guest

Music Videos[link]

Year Artist Video Role Notes
2011 The Lonely Island "Shy Ronnie 2: Ronnie & Clyde" (ft. Rihanna) Bank Hostage cameo
Herman Düne "Tell Me Something I Don't Know" Non-specific lead

Awards and nominations[link]

Year Nominated work Award Result
2008 Mad Men Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series Nominated
Mad Men Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Drama Won
Mad Men Satellite Award for Best Actor - Television Series Drama Nominated
Mad Men Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series Nominated
Mad Men Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series Nominated
Mad Men Television Critics Association Individual Achievement in Drama Nominated
2009 Mad Men Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series Nominated
30 Rock Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series Nominated
Mad Men Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Drama Nominated
Mad Men Golden Nymph Award for Outstanding Actor in a Drama Series Won
Mad Men Satellite Award for Best Actor - Television Series Drama Nominated
Mad Men Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series Won
Mad Men Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series Nominated
Mad Men Television Critics Association Individual Achievement in Drama Nominated
2010 Mad Men Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series Nominated
30 Rock Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series Nominated
Mad Men Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Drama Nominated
Mad Men Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series Won
Mad Men Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series Nominated
Mad Men Television Critics Association Individual Achievement in Drama Nominated
2011 Mad Men Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Television Series Drama Nominated
Mad Men Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series Nominated
Mad Men Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series Nominated
Mad Men Golden Nymph Award for Outstanding Actor in a Drama Series Won
Mad Men Critics' Choice Television Award Lead Actor in a Drama Series Won
Mad Men Television Critics Association Individual Achievement in Drama Won
Mad Men Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series Nominated
(Source: IMDb.com)

References[link]

  1. 1.0 1.1 Martin, Brett (December 2008). "Breakout: Jon Hamm". GQ: p. 2. Archived from the original on January 25, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5n3BIi2sr. Retrieved February 12, 2009. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Pennington, Gail (February 18, 2001). ""Providence" Made St. Louisan A Star, And He's Taking It From There". St. Louis Post-Dispatch: F5. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Illey, Chrissy (April 27, 2008). "The interview: Jon Hamm". The Guardian (UK). http://www.guardian.co.uk/media/2008/apr/27/television. Retrieved January 26, 2009. 
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Armstrong, Stephen (November 30, 2008). "Mad about Mad Men's Jon Hamm". The Times (UK). http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/tv_and_radio/article5247450.ece. Retrieved February 9, 2009. 
  5. 5.0 5.1 West, Kevin (August 2010). "Jon Hamm and Rebecca Hall: Talk of The Town". W. http://www.wmagazine.com/celebrities/2010/08/hamm_hall?printable=true. Retrieved July 12, 2010. 
  6. Stein, Joel. "Hard Sell". Men's Health. http://www.menshealth.com/celebrity-fitness/hard-sell. Retrieved September 13, 2010. 
  7. 7.0 7.1 Martin, Brett. "Breakout: Jon Hamm". GQ: p. 4. Archived from the original on January 25, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5n3BNmYFA. Retrieved February 12, 2009. 
  8. Bragg, Roy. "Reins being tightened on hazings at UT" (July 10, 1991). Houston Chronicle: Section A, Page 11, 2 STAR Edition. Retrieved November 12, 2011. He is also listed in the alumni section on the former Chapter's website under "H": http://web.archive.org/web/20061205025444/http://studentorgs.utexas.edu/sigmanu/
  9. Bland, Pete (July 27, 2008). "Mad man — Jon Hamm's rise to becoming the slickest, suavest man on television has deep, dedicated roots in Columbia". Columbia Daily Tribune. 
  10. Voss, Brandon (September 9, 2008). "Big Gay Following: Jon Hamm". The Advocate: p. 1. http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-189051444/jon-hamm-big-gay.html. Retrieved February 12, 2009. 
  11. DiNunno, Gina (April 21, 2010). "Office's Ellie Kemper: Jon Hamm Was My "Handsome" High-School Acting Teacher". TV Guide. http://www.tvguide.com/news/ellie-kemper-hamm-1017602.aspx. Retrieved August 20, 2010. 
  12. Sachs, Adam (October 2010). "Jon Hamm: The Last Alpha Male". Details. http://www.details.com/celebrities-entertainment/cover-stars/201010/mad-men-actor-alpha-male-jon-hamm?printable=true. Retrieved September 13, 2010. 
  13. Snyder, Gabriel (July 2008). "Jon Hamm". W: p. 1. Archived from the original on January 25, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5n3BfLXYK. Retrieved February 10, 2009. 
  14. 14.0 14.1 Postman, Alex (August 21, 2009). "Jon Hamm Interview". Elle. http://www.elle.com/Pop-Culture/Celebrity-Spotlight/Jon-Hamm3. Retrieved September 21, 2010. 
  15. 15.0 15.1 15.2 "Jon Hamm Biography". Turner Classic Movies. http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/560096%7C0/Jon-Hamm/. Retrieved February 17, 2010. 
  16. 16.0 16.1 16.2 Atkin, Hillary (January 25, 2008). "'Mad' man Jon Hamm came out of nowhere". South Florida Sun-Sentinel. http://www.sun-sentinel.com/topic/env-hammqa25jan25,0,1168080.story. Retrieved February 12, 2009. 
  17. 17.0 17.1 Adams, Patty (August 3, 2008). "Why Everyone's Mad About Jon Hamm". New York Post: p. 1. http://www.nypost.com/pagesixmag/issues/20080803/Why+Everyones+Mad+About+Jon+Hamm. Retrieved February 10, 2009. 
  18. Smiley, Tavis (August 29, 2007). "Jon Hamm". The Tavis Smiley Show. http://www.pbs.org/wnet/tavissmiley/archive/200708/20070829_hamm.html. Retrieved October 25, 2009. [dead link]
  19. Brady, James (July 27, 2008). "In Step With... Jon Hamm". Parade. http://www.parade.com/celebrity/0807/in-step-with-jon-hamm. Retrieved February 11, 2009. 
  20. Rudd, Paul. "Jon Hamm". Interview: p. 3. Archived from the original on January 25, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5n3BnN6wY. Retrieved February 11, 2009. 
  21. Petrecca, Laura (August 5, 2007). "AMC uses nostalgia to draw marketers". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/money/advertising/adtrack/2007-08-05-ad-track-madmen_N.htm. Retrieved February 11, 2009. 
  22. Bianco, Robert (July 19, 2007). "'Mad Men': You'll buy what it's selling". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/printedition/life/20070719/d_madmen19.art.htm. Retrieved February 11, 2009. 
  23. Gilbert, Matthew (December 29, 2007). "Surprises from cable's far corners". The Boston Globe: p. 2. http://www.boston.com/ae/tv/articles/2007/12/29/surprises_from_cables_far_corners/?page=2. Retrieved February 11, 2009. 
  24. Scott, A.O. (December 12, 2008). "It's All Over, Earthlings (Don't Flee to New Jersey)". The New York Times. http://movies.nytimes.com/2008/12/12/movies/12stil.html. Retrieved January 28, 2011. 
  25. "Day the Earth Stood Still, The (2008): Reviews". Metacritic. December 12, 2008. http://www.metacritic.com/movie/the-day-the-earth-stood-still. Retrieved February 11, 2009. 
  26. "The Day the Earth Stood Still (2008)". Box Office Mojo. December 12, 2008. http://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=daytheearthstoodstill08.htm. Retrieved February 11, 2009. 
  27. Brown, Lane (September 19, 2008). "Don Draper to Host 'Saturday Night Live'". New York. http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2008/09/don_draper_to_host_snl.html. Retrieved February 11, 2009. 
  28. ""Saturday Night Live": The Best Skits, Featuring Host Jon Hamm". The Wall Street Journal. January 31, 2010. http://blogs.wsj.com/speakeasy/2010/01/31/saturday-night-live-the-best-skits-featuring-host-jon-hamm/. Retrieved November 1, 2010. 
  29. Ziegbe, Mawuse (October 31, 2010). "Rihanna, Jon Hamm Helm Halloween 'Saturday Night Live' Episode". MTV News. http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1651171/20101031/rihanna.jhtml. Retrieved November 1, 2010. 
  30. Armstrong, Jennifer (January 21, 2009). "Tina Fey and Jon Hamm talk about coupling up on '30 Rock'". Entertainment Weekly. http://insidetv.ew.com/2009/01/21/tina-fey-and-jo/. Retrieved February 10, 2009. 
  31. Bland, Pete (July 16, 2009). "Hamm gets two Emmy nods". Columbia Daily Tribune. http://www.columbiatribune.com/weblogs/cool-dry-place/2009/jul/16/hamm-gets-two-emmy-nods/. Retrieved July 16, 2009. 
  32. Reiher, Andrea (December 11, 2010). "Jon Hamm on 'The Simpsons': 'I was considering not wearing pants'". Zap2it. http://blog.zap2it.com/frominsidethebox/2010/12/jon-hamm-on-the-simpsons-i-was-considering-not-wearing-pants.html. Retrieved December 13, 2010. 
  33. McNary, Dave (February 3, 2010). "IFC pays for 'Stolen' rights". Variety. http://www.variety.com/article/VR1118014689?refCatId=13. Retrieved February 15, 2010. 
  34. Robertson, Lindsay (February 16, 2010). "Jon Hamm's First Movie As a Leading Man, Stolen, Is Finally Coming Out". New York. http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/02/jon_hamms_first_movie_as_a_lea.html. Retrieved February 16, 2010. 
  35. Scheck, Frank (March 4, 2010). "Thriller? "Stolen" more like a rip-off". The Hollywood Reporter. Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/article/2010/03/05/us-film-stolen-idUSTRE6240BV20100305. Retrieved March 7, 2010. 
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  42. Aftab, Kaleem (January 28, 2011). "Jon Hamm — It's all started to ad up...". The Independent (UK). http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/films/features/jon-hamm--its-all-started-to-ad-up-2196314.html. Retrieved January 28, 2011. 
  43. Adams, Patty (August 3, 2008). "Why Everyone's Mad About Jon Hamm". New York Post: p. 2. http://www.nypost.com/pagesixmag/issues/20080803/Why+Everyones+Mad+About+Jon+Hamm?page=2. Retrieved February 11, 2009. 
  44. Elliott, Stuart (November 12, 2008). "Holiday Campaigns Bring on the Humor to Reassure Consumers". The New York Times. http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/13/business/media/13adco.html?fta=y. Retrieved February 12, 2009. "The celebrities in the Gap campaign include Jon Hamm of Mad Men ... with his girlfriend, the actress Jennifer Westfeldt." 
  45. Rosen, Lisa (June 3, 2009). "Jon Hamm's a calm 'Mad Men' guy". Los Angeles Times. http://articles.latimes.com/2009/jun/03/news/en-hamm3. Retrieved July 6, 2009. 
  46. Barshad, Amos (April 27, 2009). "Jon Hamm and Jennifer Westfeldt Fight Censorship". New York. http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2009/04/jon_hamm_and_jennifer_westfeld.html. Retrieved May 1, 2009. 
  47. "Mad Men Emmy Nominee Jon Hamm stays true to character, is a real lady's mans". Animal Fair. http://www.animalfair.com/home/mad-men-emmy-nominee-jon-hamm-stays-true-to-character-is-a-real-ladys-man/. Retrieved September 19, 2011. 
  48. Snyder, Gabriel (July 2008). "Jon Hamm". W: p. 2. Archived from the original on January 25, 2010. http://www.webcitation.org/5n3BsZanL. Retrieved February 10, 2009. 
  49. 49.0 49.1 Dodd, Johnny; Natasha Stoynoff (September 10, 2007). "Mad About Him". People. http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20060249,00.html. Retrieved February 13, 2009. 
  50. Byrne, Fiona (September 4, 2008). "'Mad Men' Star Jon Hamm on Smoking Clove Cigarettes". New York. http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2008/09/jon_hamm_on.html. Retrieved February 12, 2009. 
  51. Walsh, Joan (November 15, 2007). "Sexiest Man Living 2007". Salon.com. p. 2. http://www.salon.com/entertainment/feature/2007/11/15/sexiest_man/index1.html. Retrieved February 12, 2009. 
  52. "2008's Sexiest Men Alive — Jon Hamm". People. November 19, 2008. http://www.people.com/people/package/gallery/0,,20237714_20241212_20545197,00.html. Retrieved February 13, 2009. 
  53. "Jon Hamm: International Man". GQ. September 7, 2010. http://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/men-of-the-year/home/winners-2010/gq-men-of-the-year-2010-winners/jon-hamm-international-man. Retrieved September 13, 2010. 
  54. Karpel, Ari (November 14, 2008). "Jon Hamm: Entertainer of the Year". Entertainment Weekly. http://www.ew.com/ew/article/0,,20240213,00.html. Retrieved February 10, 2009. 
  55. Clark, Cindy (September 26, 2007). "A second round for 'Mad Men' star Jon Hamm". USA Today. http://www.usatoday.com/life/television/news/2007-09-26-jon-hamm_N.htm. Retrieved February 10, 2009. 
  56. "St. Louis Blues: Jon Hamm TV Spot". St. Louis Blues. http://video.blues.nhl.com/videocenter/console?id=48207&catid=782. Retrieved November 6, 2009. 
  57. "Jon Hamm and Jenna Fischer Hit St. Louis for All-Star Game". People. July 13, 2009. http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,20291001,00.html. Retrieved July 14, 2009. 
  58. http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-rich-eisen-podcast/id391844217
  59. Elliott, Stuart (March 3, 2010). "Jon Hamm of 'Mad Men' Is Becoming the Voice of Mercedes-Benz". The New York Times. http://mediadecoder.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/03/talk-about-an-actor-getting-into-a-part-jon-hamm-is-becoming-the-commercial-voice-of-mercedes-benz/. Retrieved March 3, 2010. 
  60. Brown, Lane (December 12, 2009). "Don Draper Revealed as Single Man's Bearer of Bad News". New York. http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2009/12/don_draper_revealed_as_bearer.html. Retrieved December 14, 2009. 
  61. Horowitz, Josh (June 4, 2010). "'A-Team' Cameos Revealed At LA Premiere! Classic 'Team' Members? Another Unrevealed TV Star?". MTV. http://moviesblog.mtv.com/2010/06/04/a-team-cameos-revealed-at-la-premiere-did-mr-t-dirk-benedict-make-the-cut-and-what-tv-star-did/. Retrieved June 14, 2010. 
  62. Brown, Lane; Claude Brodesser-Akner (July 23, 2010). "The Star Market: Handsome Jon Hamm Can Be Dapper and Goofy, So What's That Worth in Hollywood?". New York. http://nymag.com/daily/entertainment/2010/07/the_star_market_jon_hamm.html. Retrieved August 17, 2010. 

Further reading[link]

External links[link]

AMCtv.com - Jon Hamm Ultimate Fan Game

http://wn.com/Jon_Hamm



Daniel Radcliffe
A male in his early twenties with brown hair and blue eyes is smiling at the camera.
Radcliffe at Make Believe On Broadway, 23 November 2011
Born Daniel Jacob Radcliffe
(1989-07-23) 23 July 1989 (age 22)
London, England
Occupation Actor
Years active 1999–present

Daniel Jacob Radcliffe (born 23 July 1989) is an English film and stage actor who rose to prominence playing the title character in the Harry Potter film series.

Radcliffe made his acting debut at age ten in BBC One's 1999 television movie David Copperfield, followed by his film debut in 2001's The Tailor of Panama. At age eleven he was cast as the title character in the first Harry Potter film, and he starred in the series for ten years until the release of the eighth and final film in July 2011. He also began to branch out to stage acting in 2007, starring in the London and New York productions of the play Equus and in the 2011 Broadway revival of the musical How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying. In addition, he starred in 2007's December Boys and the 2012 hit horror film The Woman in Black. He will play beat poet Allen Ginsberg in 2013 indie film Kill Your Darlings.

Radcliffe has contributed to many charities, including Demelza House Children's Hospice and The Trevor Project. He has also made public service announcements for the latter. In 2011, he was awarded the Trevor Project's "Hero Award".

Contents

Early life and education[link]

Radcliffe was born on 23 July 1989 in West London, England,[1] the only child of Alan George Radcliffe, a literary agent, and Marcia Jeannine Gresham (née Marcia Gresham Jacobson), a casting agent who was involved in several films for the BBC, including The Inspector Lynley Mysteries and Walk Away And I Stumble.[2][3] Radcliffe's mother is Jewish and a native of Westcliff-on-Sea, Essex;[3][4] his father, originally from Northern Ireland, is Protestant.[5] He was raised without religion.[6] Radcliffe first expressed a desire to act at the age of five,[7] and in December 1999, aged ten, he made his acting debut in the BBC One's televised two-part adaptation of the Charles Dickens novel David Copperfield, portraying the title character as a young boy.[8]

Radcliffe was educated at two independent schools for boys:[9] at Sussex House School, a day school in Cadogan Square in Chelsea in London,[10] followed by the City of London School,[11] a day school on the North Bank of the River Thames in London's financial district, known as the City of London.

Following the release of the first Harry Potter movie, attending school became hard for Radcliffe, with some fellow pupils becoming hostile. Radcliffe said it was people just trying to "have a crack at the kid that plays Harry Potter" rather than jealousy.[12] As his acting career began to consume his schedule, Radcliffe continued his education through on-set tutors. He admitted he was not very good at school, considered it useless, and found the work to be "really, really difficult";[9] however, he did achieve A grades in the three A-levels that he sat in 2006, but then decided to take a break from education and did not go to college or university.[13] Part of the reason was that he already knew he wanted to act and write, and that it would be difficult to have a normal college experience. "The paparazzi, they’d love it," he told Details magazine in 2007. "If there were any parties going on, they’d be tipped off as to where they were".[12]

Career[link]

[edit] Harry Potter

A young male is signing his signature with a fan. His hair is slicked over to the side.
Radcliffe at the July 2009 premiere of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince

In 2000 producer David Heyman asked Radcliffe to audition for the role of Harry Potter for the film adaptation of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, the best-selling book by British author J. K. Rowling.[14][15] Rowling had been searching for an unknown British actor to personify the character; however, Radcliffe's parents did not want him to audition for the role, as the contract required shooting all seven films in Los Angeles, California, and so they did not tell him.[16] The movie's director Chris Columbus recalled thinking, "This is what I want. This is Harry Potter", after he saw a video of the young actor in David Copperfield.[16] Eight months later, and after several auditions, Radcliffe was selected to play the part.[17] Rowling also endorsed the selection saying, "I don't think Chris Columbus could have found a better Harry."[18] Radcliffe's parents originally turned down the offer, as they had been told that it would involve six films shot in Los Angeles.[19] Warner Bros. instead offered Radcliffe a two-movie contract with shooting in the UK though,[16] when signing up, Radcliffe was unsure if he would do any more pictures.[20]

The release of Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (released as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the United States) took place in 2001. The story follows Harry, a young boy who learns he is a wizard and is sent to Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to begin his education; gaining the help of friends Ron (Rupert Grint) and Hermione (Emma Watson) along the way. Radcliffe received a seven figure salary for the lead role, but asserted that the fee was "not that important" to him;[21] his parents chose to invest the money for him.[16] The film broke records for opening-day sales and opening-weekend takings, becoming the highest–grossing film of 2001. With a total of US$974 million in ticket sales, Philosopher's Stone stands as the second most commercially successful in the series behind Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2, the final instalment.[22] The adaptation was met with positive reviews and critics took notice of Radcliffe:[23] "Radcliffe is the embodiment of every reader's imagination. It is wonderful to see a young hero who is so scholarly looking and filled with curiosity and who connects with very real emotions, from solemn intelligence and the delight of discovery to deep family longing," wrote Bob Graham of the San Francisco Chronicle.[24]

Handprints, footprints and wand prints of (from left to right) Watson, Radcliffe, Grint.

A year later Radcliffe starred in Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, the second instalment of the series. Reviewers were positive about the lead actors' performances but had polarised opinions on the movie as a whole. Stephen Hunter of the Washington Post labelled it "big, dull and empty".[25] Observing that Radcliffe and his peers had matured, Los Angeles Times's staff writer Kenneth Turan believed the novel's magic could not be successfully duplicated in the film.[26] Nonetheless, it still managed to earn US$878 million, taking the second spot of the highest-grossing 2002 films worldwide behind The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers.[27]

The 2004 release Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban was the third film in the series. While garnering the highest critical acclaim of the series at that point[23] and grossing US$795.6 million worldwide, the film's performance at the box office ranks the lowest in the series.[22] Radcliffe's performance was panned by New York Times journalist A. O. Scott, who wrote that Watson had to carry him with her performance.[28] Next was Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire in 2005. The film set records for a Harry Potter opening weekend, as well as for a non-May opening weekend in the US and in the UK.[29] The film eventually grossed US$896 million worldwide, and the film was the second-highest grossing Harry Potter film at that point.[30] In a 2005 interview, Radcliffe singled out the humour as being a reason for the movie's creative success.[31]

Despite the success of the previous three movies, the future of the franchise was put into question when all three lead actors were unsure about signing on to continue their roles for the final two episodes; however, by 2 March 2007 Radcliffe had signed for the final films, which put an end to weeks of press "speculation that he would be denied the role due to his involvement in Equus".[32] Radcliffe reprised his role for the fifth time in Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (2007), which details Harry's return to Hogwarts after his encounter with Lord Voldemort in the previous film. It opened to positive responses from the press;[23] IGN movie critic Steven Horn found Order of the Phoenix to be one of "those rare films that exceeds the source material"[33] and Colin Bertram of New York's Daily News dubbed it the best movie in the series.[34] Radcliffe stated that director David Yates and actress Imelda Staunton made Order of the Phoenix the "most fun" film in the series to work on.[35] His performance earned several award nominations, and he received the 2008 National Movie Award for "Best Male Performance".[36] As his fame and the series continued, Radcliffe, Grint and Watson left imprints of their hands, feet, and wands in front of Grauman's Chinese Theatre in Hollywood.[37]

In July 2009 Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince was released, the series' sixth instalment. The film did considerably better than the previous movie, breaking the then-record for biggest midnight US showings with US$22.2 million at 3,000 theatres,[38] and was the biggest ever Wednesday-opening in the UK, with US$7.6 million at 1,305 screens.[39] Half-Blood Prince achieved a total of US$933 million ticket sales[22] and was one of the most positively reviewed of the series among film critics, who praised the film's "emotionally satisfying" story, direction, cinematography, visuals and music.[40][41][42] Radcliffe received nominations for "Best Male Performance" and "Global Superstar" at the 2010 MTV Movie Awards.[43]

Two young males and a young female are smiling for a camera.
Radcliffe, Watson and Grint at the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 premiere in London.

For financial and scripting reasons the last book was divided into two films, shot back to back,[44][45] which drew criticism from the series' fanbase. Radcliffe defended the split, pointing out that it would have been impossible to properly adapt the final novel into a single film.[46] He added that the last movie was going to be extremely fast-paced with a lot of action, while the first part would be far more sedate, focusing on character development; he added that, had they combined them, those things would not have made it to the final cut.[47] Filming lasted for a year, concluding in June 2010 and on the last day of shooting, like most of the cast and crew, Radcliffe openly wept.[48] Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (2010) was about Harry, Ron and Hermione leaving Hogwarts to track down Lord Voldemort's Horcruxes, objects Voldemort has left part of his soul inside. The film was released in November and grossed over US$950 million.[22] Its most lucrative territory was the UK, where it reportedly had the highest-grossing three-day opening in history; while its earnings of US$205 million, in 91 markets, made it the highest ever top-grossing non-US opening for a non-summer picture, and "the fourth-biggest-grossing international opening ever".[49] The movie received mostly favourable reviews in the media.[23]

The final film, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2, was released worldwide starting on 13 July 2011 in Australia. The film concerns the battle against Voldemort's followers in Hogwarts, along with Harry's final climactic duel with Voldemort. Radcliffe, along with the film,[23] was critically acclaimed: Ann Hornaday of The Washington Post asked, "Who could have predicted that Radcliffe, Grint and Watson would turn out to be good actors?";[50] similarly, Rex Reed said: "Frankly, I’m sorry to see [Radcliffe] go";[51] while Rolling Stone critic Peter Travers commented on Radcliffe: "Well played, sir."[52] Among those who were less favourable, Roger Ebert said that Radcliffe, Grint and Watson were "upstaged by the supporting [actors]".[53] The film broke several box office records, including biggest midnight release,[54] biggest first-day opening,[54] and biggest opening-weekend.[55] Deathly Hallows – Part 2 is currently the third-highest grossing film in the world, and the highest-grossing non-James Cameron film, with more than US$1.3 billion worldwide.[56] Radcliffe admitted that some people would never be able to separate him from the character, but also said he is "proud to be associated with this film series forever."[57] Despite positive feelings about the movies, he has no interest in doing more Harry Potter films. After Rowling hinted about writing an eighth book, Radcliffe was asked if he would do another film to which he replied: "[It is] very doubtful. I think 10 years is a long time to spend with one character."[58] Despite devoting so much time to the series, Radcliffe has asserted that he did not miss out on a childhood like other child actors: "I’ve been given a much better perspective on life by doing Potter."[59]

2001–2009[link]

An eighteen-year-old is with short brown hair and blue eyes is smiling.
Radcliffe at December Boys premiere in 2007

Radcliffe made his film debut in The Tailor of Panama, an American 2001 film based on John le Carré's 1996 spy novel, and a moderate commercial success.[22] In 2002 he made his stage debut as a celebrity guest in a West End theatre production of The Play What I Wrote, directed by Kenneth Branagh—who also appeared with him in the second Harry Potter film.[8][60] In 2007 he appeared in the film December Boys, an Australian family drama about four orphans that was shot in 2005 and released to theatres in mid-September 2007.[61] Also in 2007, Radcliffe co-starred with Carey Mulligan in My Boy Jack, a television drama film shown on ITV on Remembrance Day. The film received mostly positive reviews,[62] with several critics praising Radcliffe's performance as an 18-year-old who goes missing in action during a battle.[63][64][65] Radcliffe stated, "For many people my age, the First World War is just a topic in a history book. But I've always been fascinated by the subject and think it's as relevant today as it ever was."[66]

Radcliffe in Theatre District, New York, 13 December 2008

At age 17, in a bid to show people he was not a kid any more,[1] he performed onstage in Peter Shaffer's play Equus, which had not been revived since its first run in 1973, at the Gielgud Theatre.[16] Radcliffe took on the lead role[60] as Alan Strang, a stable boy who has an obsession with horses. Advance sales topped £1.7 million, and the role generated significant pre-opening media interest, as Radcliffe appeared in a nude scene.[16][67] Equus opened on 27 February 2007 and ran until 9 June 2007.[60] Radcliffe's performance received positive reviews[68] as critics were impressed by the nuance and depth of his against-type role.[69] Charles Spencer of The Daily Telegraph wrote that he "displays a dramatic power and an electrifying stage presence that marks a tremendous leap forward." He added: "I never thought I would find the diminutive (but perfectly formed) Radcliffe a sinister figure, but as Alan Strang ... there are moments when he seems genuinely scary in his rage and confusion."[70] The production then transferred to Broadway in September 2008, with Radcliffe still in the lead role.[71][72] Radcliffe stated he was nervous about repeating the role on Broadway because he considered American audiences more discerning than those in London.[73] Radcliffe's performance was nominated for a Drama Desk Award.[74]

2010–present[link]

After voicing a character in an episode of the animated television series The Simpsons in late 2010,[75] Radcliffe debuted as J. Pierrepont Finch in the 2011 Broadway revival How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying, a role previously held by Broadway veterans Robert Morse and Matthew Broderick.[76] Other cast members included John Larroquette, Rose Hemingway and Mary Faber.[77] Both the actor and production received favourable reviews,[78] with USA Today commenting: "Radcliffe ultimately succeeds not by overshadowing his fellow cast members, but by working in conscientious harmony with them – and having a blast in the process."[79] Radcliffe's performance in the show earned him Drama Desk Award, Drama League Award and Outer Critics Circle Award nominations.[80][81][82] The production itself later received nine Tony Award nominations.[83] Radcliffe left the show on 1 January 2012.[84]

His first post-Harry Potter project was the 2012 horror film The Woman in Black, adapted from the 1983 novel by Susan Hill. The film was released on 3 February 2012 in the United States and Canada, and was released on 10 February in the UK. Radcliffe portrays a man sent to deal with the legal matters of a mysterious woman who has just died, and soon after he begins to experience strange events and hauntings from the ghost of a woman dressed in black.[85] He has said he was "incredibly excited" to be part of the film and described the script as "beautifully written".[86] Radcliffe's godson Mischa, the son of Thea Sharrock, who co-directed the revival of Equus with Radcliffe, portrayed Arthur's son in the film.[87] Variety has confirmed Radcliffe will star in the indie comedy The Amateur Photographer, a film adaptation of the book of the same name, directed by Christopher Monger. Set in 1970, it follows a man (Radcliffe) who discovers his calling after being drafted by the residents of a small English mill town to serve as a photographer for their most personal moments.[88]

He is set to portray Allen Ginsberg in the upcoming thriller drama Kill Your Darlings, directed by John Krokidas.[89][90]

Personal life[link]

In 2008, Radcliffe revealed that he suffers from a mild form of the neurological disorder dyspraxia. The motor skill disorder sometimes gets so bad that he has trouble doing simple activities, such as writing or tying his own shoelaces. "I was having a hard time at school, in terms of being crap at everything, with no discernible talent," Radcliffe commented.[91] In August 2010, he stopped drinking alcohol after finding himself becoming too reliant on it.[92]

In 2012, Radcliffe stated, "I think of myself as being Jewish and Irish, despite the fact that I’m English."[6] He has also said, "I'm an atheist, and a militant atheist when religion starts impacting on legislation",[93] and that he is "very proud of being Jewish".[94][95][96]

Radcliffe is a supporter of the Labour Party.[97] Until 2012 Radcliffe had publicly supported the Liberal Democrats,[98] and before the 2010 UK General Election Radcliffe endorsed Nick Clegg, the Lib Dem leader. In 2012, however, Radcliffe switched his allegiance to Labour, citing disappointment with the performance of Nick Clegg and the Lib Dems in government, and approving of the Labour leader, Ed Miliband.[99] At the age of sixteen, Radcliffe became the youngest non-royal ever to have an individual portrait in Britain's National Portrait Gallery (NPG). On 13 April 2006 his portrait, drawn by Stuart Pearson Wright, was unveiled as part of a new exhibition opening at the Royal National Theatre; it was then moved to the NPG where it resides.[100]

He is a fan of underground[101] and punk rock music,[102][103] and is a keen follower of cricket, including cricketer Sachin Tendulkar.[104][105] Writing short stories and poetry is also a passion.[106] In November 2007 Radcliffe published several poems under the pen name Jacob Gershon — a combination of his middle name and the Jewish version of his mother's maiden name Gresham — in Rubbish, an underground fashion magazine.[96][106] He enjoys a close friendship with his fellow Harry Potter co-stars Tom Felton[101] and Emma Watson,[107] and is tight-knit with his family, whom he credits for keeping him grounded.[108]

Radcliffe at the film premiere of Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 in Alice Tully Center, New York City in November 2010.

Speaking out against homophobia, Radcliffe began filming public service announcements in 2009 for The Trevor Project, promoting awareness of gay teen suicide prevention.[109][110] He first learned of the organisation while working on Equus on Broadway in 2008[110] and has contributed financially to it.[111] "I have always hated anybody who is not tolerant of gay men or lesbians or bisexuals. Now I am in the very fortunate position where I can actually help or do something about it," he said in a 2010 interview. In the same interview, he spoke of the importance of public figures advocating for equal rights.[110] Radcliffe considers his involvement to be one of the most important things in his career and,[109] for his work for the organisation, he was given the "Hero Award" in 2011.[109]

Radcliffe has supported various charities. He designed the Cu-Bed for Habitat's VIP Kids range (a cube made of eight smaller ones which can be made into a bed, chaise-longue or chair)[112] with all the royalties from the sale of the bed going directly to his favourite charity, Demelza House Children's Hospice in Sittingbourne, Kent.[113] Radcliffe has urged his fans to make donations, in lieu of Christmas presents to him, to the charity's Candle for Care program. In 2008 he was among several celebrities who donated their old glasses to an exhibit honouring victims of the Holocaust.[114] During the Broadway run of Equus he auctioned off a pair of jeans he wore in the show for "thousands of dollars", as well as other items worn in the show, for the Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS "a New York-based nonprofit HIV/AIDS grant-making organisation".[115] He has also donated money to Get Connected UK, a London-based free confidential national helpline for troubled youth.[116]

Sources disagree about Radcliffe's personal wealth; he was reported to have earned £1 million for the first Harry Potter film[21] and around £15 million for the sixth.[9] Radcliffe appeared on the Sunday Times Rich List in 2006, which estimated his personal fortune to be £14 million, making him one of the richest young people in the UK.[117] In March 2009 he was ranked number one on the Forbes "Most Valuable Young Stars" list,[118] and by April The Daily Telegraph measured his net worth at £30m, making him the 12th richest young person in the UK.[119] Radcliffe was considered to be the richest teenager in England later that year.[9] In February 2010 he was named the sixth highest paid Hollywood male star[120] and placed at number five on Forbes's December list of Hollywood's highest-grossing actors[note 1] with a revenue of US$780 million, mainly due to Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows being released that year.[121] Despite previous predictions that Radcliffe would have amassed £70m by the time the Harry Potter series concluded,[119] the actor was reported to only have a wealth of £28.5 million in 2010. This still makes him richer than Princes William and Harry.[122] Despite his wealth, Radcliffe has said he does not have expensive tastes and that his main expense is buying books: "I read a lot."[123] He also stated that money would never be the focus of his life.[9]

In January 2012, Radcliffe said he was in a relationship with production assistant Rosie Coker.[124]

Filmography[link]

Film[link]

Year Title Role Notes
2001 The Tailor of Panama Mark Pendel
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Harry Potter Released as Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone in the United States and India
2002 Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets
2004 Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban
2005 Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire
2007 Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix
December Boys Maps
2009 Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Harry Potter
2010 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1
2011 Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2
2012 The Woman in Black Arthur Kipps
2013 Kill Your Darlings Allen Ginsberg

Television[link]

Year Title Role Notes
1999 David Copperfield Young David Copperfield
2005 Foley and McColl: This Way Up Traffic Warden / Himself
2006 Extras Himself
2007 My Boy Jack Jack Kipling
2010 The Simpsons Edmund "Treehouse of Horror XXI", voice only
QI Himself
2012 Saturday Night Live Host on 14 January episode
Live! with Kelly Guest co-host

Theatre[link]

Year Title Role Notes
2002 The Play What I Wrote Guest Wyndham's Theatre
2007 Equus Alan Strang Gielgud Theatre
2008 Broadhurst Theatre
2009
2011 How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying J. Pierrepont Finch Al Hirschfeld Theatre
2012

Awards[link]

Year Organisation Award Work Result
2001 Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards[125] Best Young Performer Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Nominated
Hollywood Women's Press Club[126] Male Youth Discovery of the Year Won
MTV Movie Awards[127] Best Breakthrough Male Performance Nominated
Young Artist Awards[128] Best Ensemble in a Feature Film (shared with the movie's cast) Nominated
2005 Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards[129][129] Best Young Actor Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban Nominated
2006 Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire Nominated
MTV Movie Awards[130] Best On-Screen Team (shared with Rupert Grint and Emma Watson) Nominated
Best Hero Nominated
2007 National Movie Awards[36] Best Male Performance Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix Won
2008 Empire Award[131] Best Actor Nominated
MTV Movie Awards[132] Best Kiss (shared with Katie Leung) Nominated
Saturn Awards[133] Best Performance by a Young Actor Nominated
2009 Broadway.com Audience Award[134] Favorite Leading Actor in a Broadway Play Equus Won
Favorite Breakthrough Performance Won
Drama Desk Award[74] Outstanding Actor in a Play Nominated
Drama League Award[135] Distinguished Performance Award Nominated
2010 J-14's Teen Icon Awards[136] Iconic Movie Star N/A Nominated
MTV Movie Award[43] Best Male Performance Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Nominated
Global Superstar N/A Nominated
2011 Broadway.com Audience Award[137] Favorite Actor in a Broadway Play How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying Won
Favorite Onstage Pair (shared with John Larroquette) Won
Outer Critics Circle Award[80] Outstanding Actor in a Musical Nominated
Drama League Award[81] Distinguished Performance Award Nominated
Drama Desk Award[82] Outstanding Actor in a Musical Nominated
Do Something Awards[138] Movie Star N/A Nominated
MTV Movie Award[139] Best Kiss (shared with Emma Watson) Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 Nominated
Best Fight (shared with Rupert Grint and Emma Watson) Nominated
Best Male Performance Nominated
Scream Awards[140][141] Best Fantasy Actor Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 Won
Best Ensemble (shared with rest of cast) Nominated
Teen Choice Awards[142] Choice Movie Actor: Sci-Fi/Fantasy Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 Nominated
Choice Movie: Liplock (shared with Emma Watson) Won
Choice Summer Movie Star: Male Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 Won
2012 People's Choice Awards[143] Favorite Movie Ensemble (shared with rest of cast) Won
Favorite Movie Actor Nominated
Favorite Movie Star (under 25) Nominated
Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Movie Actor Nominated

See also[link]

Notes[link]

  1. This refers to the amount of money taken on films in which they have appeared, not their personal income.

References[link]

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  2. "Top of the form". The Jewish Chronicle: p. 26. 20 December 1968. 
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Bibliography[link]

  • Norwich, Grace (2005). Daniel Radcliffe: No Ordinary Wizard. Simon Spotlight. ISBN 1-4169-1390-4 

External links[link]

http://wn.com/Daniel_Radcliffe



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