Coordinates	37°46′45.48″N122°25′9.12″N
Name	Ambient music
Bgcolor	silver
Color	black
Stylistic origins	}}

Electronic art musicMinimalist musicDrone musicPsychedelic rockKrautrockSpace rockFrippertronics |cultural_origins = early 1970s, United Kingdom |instruments = Electronic musical instruments, Electroacoustic music instruments, and any other instruments or sounds (including World instruments) with electronic processing |popularity = Low, mainly based in the European Union, but growing interest in the USA thanks to association with post-rock. |derivatives = Ambient house – Ambient techno – Chillout – Downtempo – Trance – Intelligent dance |subgenres = Dark ambient – Drone music – Lowercase – Black ambient – Detroit techno – Shoegaze |subgenrelist =:Category:Ambient music |fusiongenres = Ambient dub – Illbient – Psybient – Ambient industrial – Ambient house – Space music - Post-rock |regional_scenes = |other_topics = Ambient music artists – List of electronic music genres – Furniture music }} Ambient music is a musical genre that focuses largely on the timbral characteristics of sounds, often organized or performed to evoke an "atmospheric", "visual" or "unobtrusive" quality.

History

The roots of ambient music go back to the early 20th century. In particular, the period just before and after the first world war gave rise to two significant art movements that encouraged experimentation with various musical (and non musical) forms, while rejecting more conventional, tradition-bound styles of expression. These art movements were called Futurism and Dadaism. Aside from being known for their painters and writers, these movements also attracted experimental and 'anti-music' musicians such as Francesco Balilla Pratella of the pre-war Futurism movement and Kurt Schwitters and Erwin Schulhoff of the post-war Dadaist movement. The latter movement played an influential role in the musical development of Erik Satie.

As an early 20th century French composer, Erik Satie used such Dadaist-inspired explorations to create an early form of ambient / background music that he labeled "furniture music" (''Musique d'ameublement''). This he described as being the sort of music that could be played during a dinner to create a background atmosphere for that activity, rather than serving as the focus of attention. From this greater historical perspective, Satie is the link between these early Art movements and the work of Brian Eno, who as an art school trained musician, had an appreciation of both the music and art worlds.

Alongside these early developments, more conventional forms of music began to take note of such experimentation and in turn gave rise to future influence of ambient in the work of modernists composers such as John Cage and Morton Feldman as well as minimalist composers such as La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Philip Glass, and Steve Reich. Douglas Leedy's Entropical Paradise, released as a three LP set by Seraphim in 1971, consisting of six, side-long, compositions of "environmental music", in which single modular synthesizer settings were allowed to play out without further intervention.

Brian Eno is generally credited with coining the term "Ambient Music" in the mid-1970s to refer to music that, as he stated, can be either "actively listened to with attention or as easily ignored, depending on the choice of the listener", and that exists on the "cusp between melody and texture". Eno, who describes himself as a "non-musician", termed his experiments in sound as "treatments" rather than as traditional performances. Eno used the word "ambient" to describe music that creates an atmosphere that puts the listener into a different state of mind; having chosen the word based on the Latin term "ambire", "to surround".

The album notes accompanying Eno's 1978 release ''Ambient 1: Music for Airports'' include a manifesto describing the philosophy behind his ambient music: "Ambient Music must be able to accommodate many levels of listening attention without enforcing one in particular; it must be as ignorable as it is interesting."

Eno has acknowledged the influence of Erik Satie and John Cage. In particular, Eno was aware of Cage's use of chance such as throwing the ''I Ching'' to directly affect the creation of a musical composition. Eno then utilised a similar method of weaving randomness into his compositional structures. This approach was manifested in Eno's creation of Oblique Strategies, where he used a set of specially designed cards to create various sound dilemmas that in turn, were resolved by exploring various open ended paths, until a resolution to the musical composition revealed itself. Eno also acknowledged influences of the drone music of La Monte Young (of whom he said, "La Monte Young is the daddy of us all") and of the mood music of Miles Davis and Teo Macero, especially their 1974 epic piece, "He Loved Him Madly", about which Eno wrote, "that piece seemed to have the 'spacious' quality that I was after...it became a touchstone to which I returned frequently."

Beyond the major influence of Brian Eno, other musicians and bands added to the growing nucleus of music that evolved around the development of "Ambient Music". While not an exhaustive list, one cannot ignore the parallel influences of Wendy Carlos, who produced the original music piece called "Timesteps" which was then used as the filmscore to ''Clockwork Orange'', as well as her later work ''Sonic Seasonings''. Other significant artists such as Mike Oldfield, Jean Michel Jarre and Vangelis have all added to or directly influenced the evolution of ambient music. Adding to these individual artists, works by groups such as Pink Floyd, through their albums ''Ummagumma'', ''Meddle'' and ''Obscured by Clouds''. The Yellow Magic Orchestra developed a distinct style of ambient electronic music that would later be known as ambient house music. Other groups including Yes with their album ''Tales from Topographic Oceans'', the Hafler Trio and Kraftwerk have all added distinctive aspects to the growing and diversified genre of ambient music.

1990s: Developments

By the early 1990s artists such as The Orb, Aphex Twin, Seefeel, the Irresistible Force, Geir Jenssen's Biosphere, and the Higher Intelligence Agency were being referred to by the popular music press as ambient house, ambient techno, IDM or simply "ambient" according to the liner notes of Brian Eno's ''Ambient 1: Music for Airports'':

So-called 'Chillout' began as a term deriving from British ecstasy culture which was originally applied in relaxed downtempo 'chillout rooms' outside of the main dance floor where ambient, dub and downtempo beats were played to ease the tripping mind.

The London scene artists, such as Aphex Twin (specifically: ''Selected Ambient Works Volume II'', 1994), Global Communication (''76:14'', 1994), FSOL The Future Sound of London (''Lifeforms'', ''ISDN''), The Black Dog (''Temple of Transparent Balls'', 1993), Autechre (''Incunabula'', 1993, ''Amber''), Boards of Canada, and The KLF's seminal ''Chill Out'', 1990, all took a part in popularising and diversifying ambient music where it was used as a calming respite from the intensity of the hardcore and techno popular at that time.

Later in the period much experimental electronica (particularly sound artists such as Pole, Mika Vainio, Ryoji Ikeda, Christian Fennesz, Aphex Twin (''drukQs'', 2000) and Autechre expanded the themes of 'ambient' along the lines of earlier 1970s ambient music & dub but with increasingly abstracted sample-based textures and digital electronics that ultimately began to converge with minimalist compositions and music concrete.

Digital era musicians and sound artists, including Brian Eno are notable in their attempts to create 'sonic sculptures' which interact with the physical architecture of the listening space using advanced electronic installations.

Literally 'ambient' field recordings are a specialism of the Touch Music label. Forerunner of this species in Poland is Brunette Models (since 1995). The electroacoustic influence can be heard in the contemporary work of Polish artist Jacaszek (since 2008).

Glitch music is a major subset of this work produced by (mainly German) labels such Mille Plateaux (Clicks & Cuts Series, 2000).

Some dubstep producers, notably Burial and Kites (Bristol ambient dubstep) have nostalgically referenced the sonic 'post-rave' ambience of the nineties era.

Soundtracks

Ambient music has been used in many video games, television shows and motion pictures and is notable for contributing to their atmosphere, or soundscapes. David Lynch's 1984 film ''Dune'', for example, forgoes the epic sci-fi adventure style theme music popularized by ''Star Wars'' in favor of a more atmospheric music score by Toto and Brian Eno. Electronic musician Paddy Kingsland is noted for the music style he brought to several serials of the television series ''Doctor Who'' which had until then relied mostly on stock music cues or minimal music for much of its history. The video game trilogy ''Fallout'' and its spinoffs use ambient music that sometimes contains gentle rumblings to portray the bleakness of the post-apocalyptic world which the games are set in. Relic Entertainment's 1999 game ''Homeworld'' uses such music to highlight the vast emptiness of the areas of deep space the Mothership often finds itself in. Another game series that uses ambient music is the Oddworld games, notably ''Oddworld: Stranger's Wrath''. That music was composed by Michael Bross. The games featured in Valve's Half-Life series, including spinoffs such as Portal, feature ambient music soundtracks by composers Kelly Bailey and Mike Morasky. The EA Game ''Mirror's Edge'' also used ambient music, composed and produced by Magnus Birgersson under his guise Solar Fields, to give a futuristic feel or puzzling atmosphere to sections of the game. The Sci-Fi horror game ''Doom 3'' uses an ambient soundtrack made by former drummer Chris Vrenna of the band Nine Inch Nails, instead of having a song, mainly a MIDI file, looped through the entire map.

Related and derivative genres

Organic ambient music

Organic ambient music is characterised by integration of electronic, electric, and acoustic musical instruments. Aside from the usual electronic music influences, organic ambient tends to incorporate influences from world music, especially drone instruments and hand percussion. Organic ambient is intended to be more harmonious with nature than with the disco. Some of the artists in this sub-genre include Robert Rich, Steve Roach, Vidna Obmana, O Yuki Conjugate, Voice of Eye, Vir Unis, James Johnson, Loren Nerell, Atomic Skunk, Tuu and Robert Scott Thompson.

Some works by ambient pioneers such as Brian Eno, Laraaji or Popol Vuh who use a combination of traditional instruments (such as piano or hammered dulcimer or hand percussion, though usually processed through tape loops or other devices) and electronic instruments, would be considered New Age / organic ambient music in this sense. In the 1970s and 1980s, Klaus Schulze often recorded string ensembles and performances by solo cellists to go along with his extended Moog synthesizer workouts.

Nature-inspired ambient music

The music is composed from samples and recordings of naturally occurring sounds. Sometimes these samples can be treated to make them more instrument-like. The samples may be arranged in repetitive ways to form a conventional musical structure or may be random and unfocused. Sometimes the sound is mixed with urban or "found" sounds. Examples include much of Biosphere's ''Substrata'', Mira Calix's insect music and Chris Watson's ''Weather Report''. Some overlap occurs between organic ambient and nature-inspired New Age. One of the first albums in the genre, Wendy Carlos' ''Sonic Seasonings'', combines sampled and synthesized nature sounds with ambient melodies and drones for a particularly relaxing effect. ''Transformation'' by Suzanne Doucet and Christian Buehner and the album ''Second Nature'' by Bill Laswell, Tetsu Inoue, and Atom Heart are ambient album that use processed nature sounds, with reverb and echo to create a hypnotic environment.

Dark ambient

Dark ambient is a general term for any kind of ambient music with a "dark" or dissonant feel, but often involves extensive use of digital reverb to create vast sonic spaces for frightening, bottom-heavy sounds such as deep drones, gloomy male chorus, echoing thunder, and distant artillery. It has an eerie feel; the term "isolationist ambient" could be used interchangeably with it according to the listener or artists perspective. Some artists and releases that epitomize the style could include Bass Communion's ''Ghosts on Magnetic Tape'' and ''Vajrayana'', Lull's ''Cold Summer'', Controlled Bleeding's ''The Poisoner'', and the Robert Rich/Lustmord collaboration album ''Stalker''. Related styles include ambient industrial and isolationist ambient.

Ambient house

Ambient house is a musical category founded in the late 1980s that is used to describe acid house featuring ambient music elements and atmospheres. Tracks in the ambient house genre typically feature four-on-the-floor beats, synth pads, and vocal samples integrated in an atmospheric style. Ambient house tracks generally lack a diatonic center and feature much atonality along with synthesized chords. Illbient is another form of ambient house music.

Ambient industrial

Ambient industrial is a hybrid genre of ambient and industrial music; the term industrial being used in the original experimental sense, rather than in the sense of industrial metal or EBM. A "typical" ambient industrial work (if there is such a thing) might consist of evolving dissonant harmonies of metallic drones and resonances, extreme low frequency rumbles and machine noises, perhaps supplemented by gongs, percussive rhythms, bullroarers, distorted voices or anything else the artist might care to sample (often processed to the point where the original sample is no longer recognizable). Entire works may be based on radio telescope recordings, the babbling of newborn babies, or sounds recorded through contact microphones on telegraph wires.

Among the many artists who work in this area are Coil, CTI, Lustmord, Nine Inch Nails, Susumu Yokota, Hafler Trio, Nocturnal Emissions, Zoviet France, Scorn, PGR, Thomas Köner, Heimkveld Kunst, Controlled Bleeding, and Deutsch Nepal. However many of these artists are very eclectic in their output, with much of it falling outside of ambient industrial per se.

Space music

Space music, also spelled spacemusic, includes music from the ambient genre as well as a broad range of other genres with certain characteristics in common to create the experience of contemplative spaciousness. Space music ranges from simple to complex sonic textures sometimes lacking conventional melodic, rhythmic, or vocal components, generally evoking a sense of "continuum of spatial imagery and emotion", beneficial introspection, deep listening and sensations of floating, cruising or flying.

Space music is used by individuals for both background enhancement and foreground listening, often with headphones, to stimulate relaxation, contemplation, inspiration and generally peaceful expansive moods and soundscapes. Space music is also a component of many film soundtracks and is commonly used in planetariums, as a relaxation aid and for meditation.

''Hearts of Space'' is a well-known radio show and affiliated record label, specializing in space music since 1984, having released over 150 albums devoted to the music style. Notable artists who have brought elements of ambient music to space music include Michael Stearns, Constance Demby, Jean Ven Robert Hal, Enigma, Jean Michel Jarre, Carbon Based Lifeforms, Robert Rich, Steve Roach, Numina, Dweller at the Threshold, Paul Ellis, Deepspace, Telomere, Max Corbacho, Jonn Serrie, Klaus Schulze, Tangerine Dream (as well as the group's founder Edgar Froese), and Vangelis.

Isolationist ambient music

Isolationist ambient music, also known as isolationism, can be differentiated from other forms of ambient music in its use of repetition, dissonance, microtonality, and unresolved harmonies to create a sense of unresolved unease and desolation. The term was popularized in the mid-1990s by the British magazine ''The Wire'' and the ''Ambient 4: Isolationism'' compilation from Virgin, this began as more or less a synonym for ambient industrial, but also inclusive of certain post-metal streams of ambient, such as Final, Lull, Main, or post-techno artists such as Autechre and Aphex Twin. It may be less appropriate to call isolationist ambient a genre than using it to describe the style or "feel" of particular works by an artist working in an ambient mode. This is because many artists better known for other styles of work can occasionally create pieces that "sound" isolationist. (For example, Labradford, Seefeel, Kyle Bobby Dunn, Techno Animal, Voice of Eye, KK Null, etc.) There are many labels releasing work that could be termed isolationist ambient, among these are Malignant Records, Cold Spring, Manifold Records, Soleilmoon, and The Sombient label with the "drones" compilation series. Some of the artists known for this style of ambient music include Lull, Final, Bass Communion, Deutsch Nepal, Inanna, Negru Voda, Thomas Köner, Robert Fripp, Steven Wilson, and Chuck Hammer (Guitarchitecture).

Of late there has been an influx of progressive metal artists who have clear ambient influences. Bands such as Cult of Luna, Isis, Devil Sold His Soul, Porcupine Tree, and Between the Screams have pioneered the genre and are largely credited with popularizing the sound. These bands are largely known as post-metal.

Ambient dub

Ambient dub is a phrase first coined by the now defunct Beyond Records from early 1990s in Birmingham, England. Their defining series of albums ''Ambient Dub 1, 2, through to 4'' inspired many, including sound engineer and producer Bill Laswell, who used the same phrase in his music project Divination, where he collaborates with different musicians on each album (though sometimes the same ones are on more than one of the albums such as Tetsu Inoue and others). Laswell also presented ambient dub and ambient house music on albums by his collaboration project Axiom Dub, featuring recording artists The Orb, Jah Wobble, Jaki Liebezeit, Scorn and DJ Spooky.

Ambient dub involves the genre melding of dub styles made famous by King Tubby and other Jamaican sound artists with DJ inspired ambient electronica, complete with all the inherent drop-outs, echo, equalization and psychedelic electronic effects. As writer and performer David Toop explains in an early Beyond Records newsletter, "Dub music is like a long echo delay, looping through time...turning the rational order of musical sequences into an ocean of sensation."

Notable films incorporating ambient music or sound design

A lot of films have used ambient music in the past. These are the most famous ones:

''Forbidden Planet''

''2001: A Space Odyssey''

''Clockwork Orange''

''Mulholland Drive''

''Blade Runner''

''Donnie Darko''

''Mister Lonely''

''Traffic''

''The Prestige''

''Silent Hill

''Sunshine''

''The Lovely Bones''

''Solaris''

''Crash''

''The Social Network''

Notable ambient-music shows on radio and via satellite

''Echoes'', is a daily two-hour music radio program hosted by John Diliberto featuring a soundscape of ambient, spacemusic, electronica, new acoustic and new music directions – founded in 1989 and syndicated on 130 radio stations in the USA.

''Hearts of Space'', a program hosted by Stephen Hill and broadcast on NPR in the US since 1973.

''Musical Starstreams'', a US-based commercial radio station and internet program produced, programmed and hosted by Forest since 1981.

''Star's End'' a radio show on 88.5 WXPN, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1976, it is the second longest-running ambient music radio show in the world.

''Ultima Thule Ambient Music'', a weekly 90-minute show broadcast since 1989 on community radio across Australia.

''Ambient Zone'', a weekly 2-hour radio show broadcast on RTRFM in Perth since 1994.

See also

Background music

Black ambient

Drone music

Easy listening

New Age music

Glitch

Incidental music

Intelligent dance music (IDM)

Minimalist music

List of ambient artists

List of dark ambient artists

List of electronic music genres

References

External links

Ambient Techno in ''Sound on Sound''

Ambient Music Guide – Comprehensive ambient music resource site

Further examples of ambient music

Category:Electronic music genres Category:Ambient music

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:''This article is about the performer. For other people named Steve Martin, see Steve Martin (disambiguation).''

Coordinates	37°46′45.48″N122°25′9.12″N
name	Steve Martin
birth name	Stephen Glenn Martin
birth date	August 14, 1945
birth place	Waco, Texas, United States
medium	Stand-up, television, film, music, publishing
nationality	American
active	1967–present
genre	Improvisational, sketch, slapstick, bluegrass
influences	British television, Red Skelton, Jerry Lewis, Jack Benny, Laurel and Hardy, Wally Boag
influenced	Eddie Izzard, Chris Rock, Judd Apatow, Patton Oswalt, Kevin Bridges, Dane Cook, Brian Posehn, Bo Burnham, Will Forte, David Walliams, Sarah Silverman, Will Arnett, Jon Stewart, Harry Hill, Vic Reeves, Stephen Colbert, Louis C.K., Tina Fey, Russell Peters, Howie Mandel, Andy Samberg, Bill Hader, Artie Lange
spouse	Victoria Tennant (November 20, 1986–1994)Anne Stringfield (2007–present)
signature	SteveMartin.png
website	www.stevemartin.com

}}

Stephen Glenn "Steve" Martin (born August 14, 1945) is an American actor, comedian, writer, playwright, producer, musician and composer.

Martin was born in Waco, Texas, and raised in Southern California, where his early influences were working at Disneyland and Knott's Berry Farm and working magic and comedy acts at these and other smaller venues in the area. His ascent to fame picked up when he became a writer for the ''Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour'', and later became a frequent guest on ''The Tonight Show''. In the 1970s, Martin performed his offbeat, absurdist comedy routines before packed houses on national tours. Since the 1980s, having branched away from stand-up comedy, he has become a successful actor, playwright, pianist, banjo player, and juggler, eventually earning Emmy, Grammy, and American Comedy awards.

Early life

Martin was born in Waco, Texas, the son of Mary Lee Martin and Glenn Vernon Martin, a real estate salesman and an aspiring actor. Martin was raised in Inglewood, California, and then later in Garden Grove, California, in a Baptist family. One of his earliest memories is of seeing his father, as an extra, serving drinks onstage at the Call Board Theatre on Melrose Place. During World War II, in England, Martin's father had appeared in a production of ''Our Town'' with Raymond Massey. Years later, he would write to Massey for help in Steve's fledgling career, but would receive no reply. Expressing his affection through gifts of cars, bikes, etc., Martin's father was stern, not emotionally open to his son. He was proud but critical, with Martin later recalling that in his teens his feelings for his father were mostly ones of hatred. Martin's first job was at Disneyland, selling guidebooks on weekends and full-time during the summer school break. That lasted for three years (1955–1958). During his free time he frequented the Main Street Magic shop, where tricks were demonstrated to potential customers. By 1960, he had mastered several of the tricks and illusions, and took a paying job there in August. There he perfected his talents for magic, juggling, and creating balloon animals, frequently performing for tips. In his authorized biography, close friend Morris Walker suggests that Martin could "be described most accurately as an agnostic [...] he rarely went to church and was never involved in organized religion of his own volition".

Comedy

After high school graduation, Martin attended Santa Ana Junior College, taking classes in drama and English poetry. In his free time, he teamed up with friend and Garden Grove High School classmate Kathy Westmoreland to participate in comedies and other productions at the Bird Cage Theatre. He joined a comedy troupe at Knott's Berry Farm. Later, he met budding actress Stormie Sherk, and they developed comedy routines while becoming romantically involved. Sherk's influence caused Martin to apply to the California State University, Long Beach, for enrollment with a major in Philosophy. Stormie enrolled at UCLA, about an hour's drive north, and the distance eventually caused them to lead separate lives.

Being inspired by his philosophy classes, for a short while he considered becoming a professor instead of an actor-comedian. His time at college changed his life. "It changed what I believe and what I think about everything. I majored in philosophy. Something about non-sequiturs appealed to me. In philosophy, I started studying logic, and they were talking about cause and effect, and you start to realize, 'Hey, there is no cause and effect! There is no logic! There is no anything!' Then it gets real easy to write this stuff, because all you have to do is twist everything hard—you twist the punch line, you twist the non sequitur so hard away from the things that set it up". In an article in ''Smithsonian'' magazine he recalled, "In a college psychology class, I had read a treatise on comedy explaining that a laugh was formed when the storyteller created tension, then, with the punch line, released it. I didn't quite get this concept, nor do I still [...]. What if there were no punch lines? What if there were no indicators? What if I created tension and never released it? What if I headed for a climax, but all I delivered was an anticlimax? What would the audience do with all that tension? Theoretically, it would have to come out sometime. But if I kept denying them the formality of a punch line, the audience would eventually pick their own place to laugh, essentially out of desperation. [...] My first reviews came in. One said, 'This so-called "comedian" should be told that jokes are supposed to have punch lines.' Another said I represented 'the most serious booking error in the history of Los Angeles music.' " Martin periodically spoofed his philosophy studies in his 1970s stand-up act, comparing philosophy with studying geology. "If you're studying geology, which is all facts, as soon as you get out of school you forget it all, but philosophy you remember just enough to screw you up for the rest of your life."

In 1967, Martin transferred to UCLA and switched his major to theater. While attending college, he appeared in an episode of ''The Dating Game''. Martin began working local clubs at night, to mixed notices, and at twenty-one he dropped out of college.

Career

Early career – stand-up

In 1967, his former girlfriend Nina Goldblatt, a dancer on ''The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour'', helped Martin land a writing job with the show by submitting his work to head writer Mason Williams. Williams initially paid Martin out of his own pocket. Along with the other writers for the show, Martin won an Emmy Award in 1969, aged 23. He also wrote for John Denver (a neighbor of his in Aspen, Colorado, at one point), ''The Glen Campbell Goodtime Hour'', and ''The Sonny and Cher Comedy Hour.'' Martin's first TV appearance was on ''The Steve Allen Show'' in 1969. He says: "[I] appeared on ''The Virginia Graham Show,'' circa 1970. I looked grotesque. I had a hairdo like a helmet, which I blow-dried to a puffy bouffant, for reasons I no longer understand. I wore a frock coat and a silk shirt, and my delivery was mannered, slow and self-aware. I had absolutely no authority. After reviewing the show, I was depressed for a week." During these years his roommates included comedian Gary Mule Deer and singer/guitarist Michael Johnson. Martin opened for groups such as The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, The Carpenters, and Toto. He appeared at San Francisco's ''The Boarding House'', among other venues. He continued to write, earning an Emmy nomination for his work on ''Van Dyke and Company'' in 1976.

In the mid-1970s, Martin made frequent appearances as a stand-up comedian on ''The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson''., and on ''The Gong Show'', HBO's ''On Location'' and NBC's ''Saturday Night Live'' (''SNL''). ''SNL'''s audience jumped by a million viewers when he made guest appearances, though despite a common misconception, he was never a cast member. Martin has guest-hosted ''Saturday Night Live'' 15 times, as of January 2009, tied in numbers of presentations with host Alec Baldwin. On the show, Martin popularized the air quotes gesture, which uses four fingers to make double quote marks in the air. While on the show Martin became close with several of the cast members, including Gilda Radner. On the day Radner died of ovarian cancer in 1989, Martin was hosting ''SNL'' and featured footage of himself and Radner together in a 1978 sketch.

His TV appearances in the 1970s led to the release of comedy albums that went platinum. The track "Excuse Me" on his first album, ''Let's Get Small'', helped establish a national catch phrase. His next album, ''A Wild and Crazy Guy'' (1978), was an even bigger success, reaching the No.2 spot on the US sales chart, selling over a million copies. "Just a wild and crazy guy" became another of Martin's known catch phrases. The album featured a character based on a series of ''Saturday Night Live'' sketches where Martin and Dan Aykroyd played "Georgi" and "Yortuk" the Festrunk Brothers, a couple of bumbling Czechoslovak would-be playboys. The album ends with the song "King Tut", sung and written by Martin and backed by the "Toot Uncommons", members of the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. It was later released as a single, reaching No.17 on the US charts in 1978 and selling over a million copies. The song came out during the King Tut craze that accompanied the popular traveling exhibit of the Egyptian king's tomb artifacts. Both albums won Grammys for ''Best Comedy Recording'' in 1977 and 1978, respectively. Martin performed "King Tut" on the April 22, 1978 edition of ''SNL''.

On his comedy albums, Martin's stand-up is self-referential and sometimes self-mocking. It mixes philosophical riffs with sudden spurts of "happy feet", banjo playing with balloon depictions of concepts like venereal disease, and the controversial kitten juggling (he is a master juggler). His style is off-kilter and ironic, and sometimes pokes fun at stand-up comedy traditions, such as Martin opening his act (from ''A Wild and Crazy Guy'') by saying, "I think there's nothing better for a person to come up and do the same thing over and over for two weeks. This is what I enjoy, so I'm going to do the same thing over and over and over [...] I'm going to do the same joke over and over in the same show, it'll be like a new thing." Or: "Hello, I'm Steve Martin, and I'll be out here in a minute." In one comedy routine, used on the ''Comedy Is Not Pretty!'' album, Martin claimed that his real name was "Gern Blanston". The riff took on a life of its own. There is a Gern Blanston website, and for a time a rock band took the moniker as their name. He stopped stand-up in 1981 to concentrate on movies and never went back.

Acting career – film

By the end of the 1970s, Martin had acquired the kind of following normally reserved for rock stars, with his tour appearances typically occurring at sold-out arenas filled with tens of thousands of screaming fans. But unknown to his audience, stand-up comedy was "just an accident" for him; his real goal was to get into film.

Martin's first film was a short, ''The Absent-Minded Waiter'' (1977). The seven-minute-long film, also featuring Buck Henry and Teri Garr, was written by and starred Martin. The film was nominated for an Academy Award as ''Best Short Film, Live Action''. He made his first feature film appearance in the musical ''Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band'', where he sang The Beatles' "Maxwell's Silver Hammer". In 1979, Martin co-wrote and starred in his first full-length movie, ''The Jerk'', directed by Carl Reiner. The movie was a huge success, grossing over $100 million on a budget of approximately $4 million.

Stanley Kubrick met with him to discuss the possibility of Martin starring in a screwball comedy version of ''Traumnovelle'' (Kubrick later changed his approach to the material, the result of which was 1999's ''Eyes Wide Shut''). Martin was executive producer for ''Domestic Life'', a prime-time television series starring friend Martin Mull, and a late-night series called ''Twilight Theater''. It emboldened Martin to try his hand at his first serious film, ''Pennies from Heaven'', a movie he was anxious to perform in because of his desire to avoid being typecast. To prepare for that film, Martin took acting lessons from director Herbert Ross, and spent months learning how to tap dance. The film was a financial failure; Martin's comment at the time was "I don't know what to blame, other than it's me and not a comedy."

Martin was in three more Reiner-directed comedies after ''The Jerk'': ''Dead Men Don't Wear Plaid'' in 1982, ''The Man with Two Brains'' in 1983 and ''All of Me'' in 1984, possibly his most critically acclaimed comic performance to date. In 1986, Martin joined fellow ''Saturday Night Live'' veterans Martin Short and Chevy Chase in ''¡Three Amigos!'', directed by John Landis, and written by Martin, Lorne Michaels, and singer-songwriter Randy Newman. It was originally entitled ''The Three Caballeros'' and Martin was to be teamed with Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi. In 1986, Martin was in the movie musical film version of the hit Off-Broadway play ''Little Shop of Horrors'' (based on a famous B-movie), playing the sadistic dentist, Orin Scrivello. The film was the first of three films teaming Martin with Rick Moranis. In 1987, Martin joined comedian John Candy in the John Hughes movie ''Planes, Trains & Automobiles.'' That same year, ''Roxanne'', the film adaptation of ''Cyrano de Bergerac'' which Martin co-wrote, won him a Writers Guild of America, East award. It also garnered recognition from Hollywood and the public that he was more than a comedian. In 1988, he performed in the Frank Oz remake of ''Dirty Rotten Scoundrels'' alongside Michael Caine.

Martin starred in the Ron Howard film ''Parenthood'', with Moranis in 1989. He later met with Moranis to make the Mafia comedy ''My Blue Heaven'' in 1990. In 1991, Martin starred in and wrote ''L.A. Story'', a romantic comedy, in which the female lead was played by his then-wife Victoria Tennant. Martin also appeared in Lawrence Kasdan's ''Grand Canyon'', in which he played the tightly-wound Hollywood film producer, Davis, who was recovering from a traumatic robbery that left him injured, which was a more serious role for him. Martin also appeared in a remake of the comedy ''Father of the Bride'' in 1991 (followed by a sequel in 1995). He starred in the 1992 comedy ''HouseSitter'', with Goldie Hawn and Dana Delany.

In David Mamet's 1997 thriller, ''The Spanish Prisoner'', Martin played a darker role as a wealthy stranger who takes a suspicious interest in the work of a young businessman (Campbell Scott). He went on to star with Eddie Murphy in the 1999 comedy ''Bowfinger,'' which Martin also wrote. He appeared in a version of ''Waiting for Godot'' as Vladimir, with Robin Williams as Estragon and Bill Irwin as Lucky. In 1998, Martin guest starred with U2 in the 200th episode of ''The Simpsons'' titled "Trash of the Titans", providing the voice for sanitation commissioner Ray Patterson. In 1999, Martin and Hawn starred in a remake of the 1970 Neil Simon comedy, ''The Out-of-Towners''. By 2003, Martin ranked 4th on the box office stars list, after starring in ''Bringing Down The House'' and ''Cheaper By The Dozen'', each of which earned over $130 million at U.S. theaters. That same year, he also played the villainous Mr. Chairman in the animation/live action blend, ''Looney Tunes: Back in Action''.

Martin wrote and starred in ''Shopgirl'' (2005), based on his own novella (2000), and starred in ''Cheaper by the Dozen 2''. He also starred in the box office hit ''The Pink Panther'' in 2006, standing in Peter Sellers's shoes as the bumbling Inspector Clouseau, a role which he reprised in 2009's ''The Pink Panther 2''. In ''Baby Mama'' (2008), he played the founder of a health food company, and in ''It's Complicated'' (2009), he played opposite Meryl Streep and Alec Baldwin. In 2009, an article in ''The Guardian'' listed Martin as one of the best actors never to receive an Oscar nomination.

He is set to appear with Jack Black, Owen Wilson, and JoBeth Williams in the birdwatching comedy ''The Big Year'' in 2011.

Writing

In 1993, Martin wrote his first full length play ''Picasso at the Lapin Agile''. The first reading of the play took place in Beverly Hills, California at Steve Martin's home, with Tom Hanks reading the role of Pablo Picasso and Chris Sarandon reading the role of Albert Einstein. Following this, the play opened at the Steppenwolf Theatre Company in Chicago, Illinois, and played from October 1993 to May 1994, then went on to run successfully in Los Angeles, New York City and several other US cities. In 2009, the La Grande, Oregon school board refused to allow the play to be performed after several parents complained about the content. In an open letter in the local ''Observer'' newspaper, Martin wrote "I have heard that some in your community have characterized the play as 'people drinking in bars, and treating women as sex objects.' With apologies to William Shakespeare, this is like calling ''Hamlet'' a play about a castle [...] I will finance a non-profit, off-high school campus production [...] so that individuals, outside the jurisdiction of the school board but within the guarantees of freedom of expression provided by the Constitution of the United States can determine whether they will or will not see the play".

Throughout the 1990s, Martin wrote various pieces for ''The New Yorker''. In 2002, he adapted the Carl Sternheim play ''The Underpants'', which ran Off Broadway at Classic Stage Company and in 2008, co-wrote and produced ''Traitor'', starring Don Cheadle. He has also written the novellas, ''Shopgirl'' (2000), and ''The Pleasure of My Company'' (2003), both more wry in tone than raucous. A story of a 28-year-old woman behind the glove counter at the Neiman Marcus department store in Beverly Hills, ''Shopgirl'' was made into a film starring Martin and Claire Danes. The film premiered at the Toronto Film Festival in September 2005 and was featured at the Chicago International Film Festival and the Austin Film Festival before going into limited release in the US. In 2007, he published a memoir, ''Born Standing Up'', which ''TIME'' magazine named as one of the Top 10 Nonfiction Books of 2007, ranking it at #6, and praising it as "a funny, moving, surprisingly frank memoir." In 2010, he published the novel ''An Object of Beauty.'' Writing in ''Modern Painters'', critic Scott Indrisek described the book as a "a limp, hackneyed saga of New York's culture scene from 1997 through the present day" notable for its "gleeful abuse of the simile." In a ''Houston Chronicle'' review of the book, critic Thomas J. Walsh calls it a "tasty light meal ...(many of the chapters are but a page or two)" which "is strongest when Martin frees himself from the little black skirt of his story to editorialize about art." The writer says the work is "a continuation of Martin's medium- to high-brow efforts to tease out the content and meaning of a particular aesthetic that is by turns sublime and commercial but never, ever pedestrian."

Hosting

Martin hosted Academy Awards solo in 2001 and 2003 and with Alec Baldwin in 2010. In 2005, Martin co-hosted ''Disneyland: The First 50 Magical Years'', marking the park's anniversary. Disney continued to run the show until March 2009, which now plays in the lobby of ''Great Moments with Mr. Lincoln''.

Music

Martin first picked up the banjo when he was around the age of seventeen. Martin has claimed in several interviews and in his autobiography, "Born Standing Up" that he used to take 33 rpm bluegrass records and slow them down to 16 rpm and tune his banjo down, so the notes would sound the same. Martin was able to pick out each note, and perfect his playing.

Martin learned how to play the banjo with help from John McEun who later joined the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. McEun's brother later managed Martin as well as the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band. Martin did his standup routine opening for the band in the early seventies. He had the band play on his hit, "King Tut". The "backup group" Martin used for this song was credited as The Toot Uncommons (Tutankhamen), but they were really The Nitty Gritty Dirt Band.

The banjo was a staple of Martin's 1970s stand-up career and he periodically poked fun at his love for the instrument. On the ''Comedy Is Not Pretty!'' album he included an all-instrumental jam, titled "Drop Thumb Medley", and played the track on his 1979 concert tour. His final comedy album, 1981's ''The Steve Martin Brothers'', featured one side of Martin's typical stand-up material, with the other side featuring live performances of Steve playing banjo with a bluegrass band.

In 2001, he played banjo on Earl Scruggs's remake of "Foggy Mountain Breakdown". The recording was the winner of the Best Country Instrumental Performance category at the following year's Grammys. In 2008, Martin appeared with the band, In the Minds of the Living, during a show in Myrtle Beach.

In 2009, Martin released his first all-music album, ''The Crow: New Songs for the 5-String Banjo'' with appearances from stars such as Dolly Parton. The album won the Grammy Award for Best Bluegrass Album in 2010. Nitty Gritty Dirt Band member John McEuen produced the Album.

Martin made his first appearance on The Grand Ole Opry on May 30, 2009. In the ''American Idol'' Season 8 Finals, he performed alongside Michael Sarver and Megan Joy in the song "Pretty Flowers". In June, Martin played banjo along with the Steep Canyon Rangers on ''A Prairie Home Companion'', and began a two-month U.S. tour with the Rangers in September, including an appearances at the Hardly Strictly Bluegrass festival, Carnegie Hall and Benaroya Hall in Seattle. In November, they went on to play at the Royal Festival Hall in London with support from Mary Black. In 2010, Steve Martin and the Steep Canyon Rangers appeared at the New Orleans Jazzfest, Merlefest Bluegrass Festival in Wilkesboro, North Carolina, at Bonnaroo Music Festival, at the ROMP Bluegrass festival in Owensboro, at the Red Butte Garden Concert series and on the BBC's ''Later... with Jools Holland''. Steve Martin performed "Jubilation Day" with the Steep Canyon Rangers on ''The Colbert Report'' on March 21, 2011, on Conan on May 3, 2011 and on BBC's ''The One Show'' on July 6, 2011. Steve Martin performed a song he wrote called "Me and Paul Revere" in addition to two other songs on the lawn of The Capitol Building in Washington, DC at the "Capitol Fourth Celebration" on the 4th of July, 2011.

Personal life

Martin was romantically involved with actress and singer Bernadette Peters, his costar in the films ''The Jerk'' and ''Pennies from Heaven'', during the 1970s and early 1980s. He married actress Victoria Tennant on November 20, 1986, and the union lasted until 1994. On July 28, 2007, after three years together, Martin married Anne Stringfield, a writer and former staffer for ''The New Yorker'' magazine. Former Nebraska Senator Bob Kerrey presided over the ceremony at Martin's Los Angeles home. Lorne Michaels, creator of ''Saturday Night Live'', was best man. Several of the guests, including close friends Tom Hanks, Eugene Levy, comedian Carl Reiner, and magician/actor Ricky Jay were not informed that a wedding ceremony would take place. Instead, they were told they were invited to a party, and were surprised by the nuptials.

Investigators at Berlin's state criminal police office (LKA) think that Martin was one victim of a German art forgery scandal. In July 2004 Martin purchased what he believed to be a 1915 work by the German-Dutch painter Heinrich Campendonk, "Landschaft mit Pferden", or "Landscape With Horses", from a Paris gallery for what should have been a bargain price in the neighborhood of €700,000 (around $850,000 at the time). Before the purchase an expert authenticated the work and identified the painter's signature on a label attached to the back. Fifteen months later Martin put the painting up for sale, and auction house Christie's disposed of it in February 2006 to a Swiss businesswoman for €500,000 – a loss of €200,000. Police believe the fake Campendonk originated from an invented art collection devised by a group of German swindlers caught in 2010. Skillfully forged paintings from this group were sold to French galleries like the one where Martin bought the forgery.

Awards and honors

1969 Emmy Award – The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour (with other writers)

1978 Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album – ''Let's Get Small''

1979 Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album – ''A Wild and Crazy Guy''.

1989 Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree from California State University Long Beach 2002 Grammy Award for Best Country Instrumental Performance with Earl Scruggs (and others) – banjo performance of "Foggy Mountain Breakdown".

2005 Mark Twain Prize for American Humor

2005 Disney Legend award

2007 30th Annual Kennedy Center Honors

2009 Grammy Award for Best Bluegrass Album for his album ''The Crow: New Songs for the 5-String Banjo''.

Written works by Martin

''The Jerk'' (1979) (Written with Carl Gottlieb)

''Cruel Shoes'' (1979) (Essays)

''Picasso at the Lapin Agile and Other Plays: Picasso at the Lapin Agile, the Zig-Zag Woman, Patter for the Floating Lady, WASP'' (1996) (Play)

''L.A. Story and Roxanne: Two Screenplays'' (published together in 1997) (Screenplays)

''Pure Drivel'' (1998) (Stories)

''Bowfinger'' (1999) (screenplay)

''Eric Fischl : 1970–2000'' (2000) (Afterword)

''Modern Library Humor and Wit Series'' (2000) (Introduction and Series Editor)

''Shopgirl'' (2000) (Novella)

''Kindly Lent Their Owner: The Private Collection of Steve Martin'' (2001) (Art)

''The Underpants: A Play'' (2002) (Play)

''The Pleasure of My Company'' (2003) (Novel)

''The Alphabet from A to Y with Bonus Letter Z'' (2007) (Children's Books illustrated by Roz Chast)

''Born Standing Up'' (2007) (Memoir)

''An Object of Beauty'' (2010) (Novel)

''Late For School'' (2010) (Children's book)

Released stand-up shows

''Steve Martin-Live!'' (1986, VHS)

''Saturday Night Live: The Best Of Steve Martin'' (1998, DVD)

Filmography

style="background:#B0C4DE;"	Year	Film	Role	Notes
1956	''Disneyland Dream''		Documentary
1977	''The Absent-Minded Waiter''		Short Subject
1978		Dr. Maxwell Edison
	''The Muppet Movie''	Insolent Waiter
		Documentary
''The Jerk''	Navin R. Johnson	Also Writer
1981		Arthur	Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
1982	''Dead Men Don't Wear Plaid''	Rigby Reardon
1983	''The Man with Two Brains''	Dr. Michael Hfuhruhurr
	''The Lonely Guy''	Larry Hubbard
	Roger Cobb	National Society of Film Critics Award for Best ActorNew York Film Critics Circle Award for Best ActorNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
1985	''Movers & Shakers''	Fabio Longio
	''Three Amigos''	Lucky Day	Also Writer and Executive Producer
	Orin Scrivello, DDS	Billed as "Special Appearance"
		C.D. Bales	Also Writer and Executive ProducerLos Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best ActorNational Society of Film Critics Award for Best ActorWriters Guild of America Award for Best Adapted ScreenplayNominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
''Planes, Trains and Automobiles''	Neal Page
1988		Freddy Benson
1989		Gil Buckman	Nominated – Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
1990		Vinnie Antonelli
	''L.A. Story''	Harris K. Telemacher	Also Writer and Executive Producer
	George Banks
	Davis
	''HouseSitter''	Newton Davis
	Jonas Nightengale
1993		The Brother	Cameo
	''A Simple Twist of Fate''	Michael McCann	Also Writer and Executive Producer
''Mixed Nuts''	Philip
1995	''Father of the Bride Part II''	George Banks
1996		Master Sergeant Ernest G. Bilko
1997	''The Spanish Prisoner''	Jimmy Dell
1998	''The Prince of Egypt''	Hotep	Voice
		Henry Clark
''Bowfinger''	Bobby Bowfinger	Also writer
''The Venice Project''		Cameo
''Fantasia 2000''	Introductory Host	Disney Re-Release
2000		Charlie Duell
2001		Frank Sangster
	2002	''Smothered: The Censorship Struggles of the Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour ''		As himself
		Peter Sanderson
''Looney Tunes: Back in Action''	Mr. Chairman
	Tom Baker
	''Jiminy Glick in Lalawood''
	''Shopgirl''	Ray Porter	Also Writer and Producer
''Cheaper by the Dozen 2''	Tom Baker
''Disneyland: The First 50 Magical Years''		As himself
2006		Inspector Clouseau	A remake of the earlier series
		Barry
		Writer and Producer
	''The Pink Panther 2''	Inspector Clouseau	Also Screenplay
	Adam Schaffer
2011	''The Big Year''	Stu

Discography

Albums

Album	Year	Peak chart positions		! scope="col" rowspan="2"
		! scope="col" style="width:5.5em;font-size:90%;"	! scope="col" style="width:5.5em;font-size:90%;"
''Let's Get Small''	1977	10	—		*US: Platinum
''A Wild and Crazy Guy''	1978	2	—		*US: 2× Platinum
''Comedy Is Not Pretty!''	1979	25	—		*US: Gold
''The Steve Martin Brothers''	1981	135	—
! scope="row"	1986	—	—
''The Crow: New Songs for the 5-String Banjo''	2009	93	1
''Rare Bird Alert''	2011	43	1

Singles

Single	Year	Peak chart positions
		! scope="col" style="width:5em;font-size:90%;"
"Grandmother's Song"	1977	72
! scope="row"	1978	17
"Cruel Shoes"	1979	91

Music videos

Video	Year	Director
"Jubilation Day"	2011	Ryan Reichenfeld

TV specials

! Title	! Year	! Network
''Steve Martin: A Wild and Crazy Guy''	1978
''All Commercials... A Steve Martin Special''	1980
''Steve Martin: Comedy is Not Pretty''	1980
''Steve Martin's Best Show Ever''	1981
''The Winds of Whoopie''	1983

References

Further reading

Martin, Steve. (2007) ''Born Standing Up: A Comic's Life''. Scribner. ISBN 1416553649.

Walker, Morris (1999) ''Steve Martin: The Magic Years''. SPI Books. ISBN 1561719803.

External links

Steve Martin on Twitter

in 2008. Article and radio file in 2003. Radio file. Video of interview

Men's Vogue Article

Disney Legends profile

Category:1945 births Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors Category:Actors from California Category:Actors from Texas Category:American banjoists Category:American buskers Category:American comedy musicians Category:American dramatists and playwrights Category:American film actors Category:American memoirists Category:American screenwriters Category:American stand-up comedians Category:California State University, Long Beach alumni Category:Emmy Award winners Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Kennedy Center honorees Category:Living people Category:Mark Twain Prize recipients Category:People from Garden Grove, California Category:People from Inglewood, California Category:People from Waco, Texas Category:Writers Guild of America Award winners

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Coordinates	37°46′45.48″N122°25′9.12″N
name	Kristin Chenoweth
birthname	Kristi Dawn Chenoweth
birth date	July 24, 1968
birth place	Broken Arrow, Oklahoma, U.S.
occupation	Actress, singer, author
yearsactive	1991 – present
website	http://www.kristin-chenoweth.com/ }}

Kristin Chenoweth (born July 24, 1968) is an American singer and actress, with credits in musical theatre, film and television. She is best known on Broadway for her performance as Sally Brown in ''You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown'' (1999), for which she won a Tony Award, and for originating the role of Glinda in the musical ''Wicked'' (2003). Her best-known television role is Annabeth Schott in NBC's ''The West Wing''. As Olive Snook on the ABC comedy-drama ''Pushing Daisies'', she won a 2009 Emmy Award.

An Oklahoma native, Chenoweth sang gospel music as a child and studied opera before deciding to pursue a career in musical theatre. In 1997, she made her Broadway debut in ''Steel Pier''. Besides ''You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown'' and ''Wicked'', Chenoweth's stage work includes five City Center Encores! productions, Broadway's ''The Apple Tree'' in 2006 and ''Promises, Promises'' in 2010, as well as Off-Broadway and regional theatre productions.

Chenoweth had her own TV series ''Kristin'' in 2001, and has guest starred on many shows, including ''Sesame Street'' and ''Glee'', for which she was nominated for Emmy awards in 2010 and 2011. In films, she has played mostly character roles, such as in ''Bewitched'' (2005), ''The Pink Panther'' (2006) and ''RV'' (2006). She has also played roles in made-for-TV movies, done voice work in animated films and the animated TV series ''Sit Down, Shut Up'', hosted several award shows and released several albums of songs, including ''A Lovely Way to Spend Christmas'' (2008). Chenoweth also penned a memoir, ''A Little Bit Wicked: Life, Love, and Faith in Stages''.

Early life

Adopted at birth, Kristi Dawn Chenoweth was born and grew up in Broken Arrow, Oklahoma, a suburb of Tulsa, Oklahoma. She has said that she is one-quarter Cherokee. At an early age, she performed gospel songs for local churches. A performing highlight of her childhood was a solo appearance at the Southern Baptist Convention national conference at the age of 12, where she performed the Evie Tornquist-Karlsson song "Four Feet Eleven". The chorus begins, "I'm only 4 feet 11, but I'm going to Heaven" (Chenoweth is in height).

After graduating from Broken Arrow Senior High, where she participated in school plays, Chenoweth attended Oklahoma City University, where she was a member of Gamma Phi Beta (Beta Omicron) sorority. She earned a BFA degree in musical theatre and a master's degree in opera performance, studying under voice instructor Florence Birdwell, who also trained Miss America 1981, Susan Powell, and three-time Tony nominee Kelli O'Hara. It was Birdwell who suggested to Chenoweth that she add an "n" to her first name. While at OCU, Chenoweth competed in beauty pageants, winning the title of "Miss OCU" and was the first runner-up in the Miss Oklahoma pageant in 1991. In 1992, Chenoweth participated in a studio recording of ''The Most Happy Fella''.

Chenoweth participated in a number of vocal competitions and was named "most promising up-and-coming singer" in the Metropolitan Opera National Council auditions, which came with a full scholarship to Philadelphia's Academy of Vocal Arts. Two weeks before school started, however, she went to New York City to help a friend move. While there, she auditioned for the 1993 Paper Mill Playhouse production of the musical ''Animal Crackers'' and got the role of Arabella Rittenhouse. She turned down the scholarship and moved to New York to do the show and pursue a career in musical theatre.

Career

Chenoweth has appeared in theater, television,film and on the concert stage. She was awarded an honorary doctorate in Performing Arts from the University of North Carolina School of the Arts on , 2009, where she was the commencement speaker.

Theatre

After ''Animal Crackers'', Chenoweth continued to appear in regional theatre productions, such as ''Babes in Arms'' and ''Phantom'' (as Christine; also touring in Germany in this role), also taking roles in Off-Broadway productions like Luisa in ''The Fantasticks'', and Kristy in ''Box Office of the Damned'' (1994). In 1997, she appeared as Hyacinth in the Roundabout Theater Company production of Moliere's farcical ''Scapin'', earning her first ''New York Times'' review, with Ben Brantley writing "Kristin Chenoweth's sob-prone ingenue ... [is] delightful". She made her Broadway debut in the spring of 1997 as Precious McGuire in the musical ''Steel Pier'' by Kander and Ebb, for which she won a Theatre World award. In 1998 she appeared in the City Center Encores! staged concert of the George and Ira Gershwin musical ''Strike up the Band'' as Anne Draper and the Lincoln Center Theatre production of William Finn's ''A New Brain''.

In 1999, Chenoweth performed in the Broadway revival of ''You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown'' as the title character's little sister, Sally, a character that was not present in the original production. She won the Tony, Drama Desk, Clarence Derwent, and Outer Critics Circle Awards for Best Featured Actress in a Musical. Later that year, she starred on Broadway in the short-lived comic play ''Epic Proportions'', followed by starring as Daisy Gamble in the "Encores!" production of ''On a Clear Day You Can See Forever'' in .

After this, Chenoweth split her time between stage and TV or film roles and released her first solo album, ''Let Yourself Go'' (2001). In 2002, she performed in the City Center Encores! ''10th Anniversary Bash''. In October  2003, she returned to Broadway (after the San Francisco tryout) in ''Wicked'', the musical about the early years of the witches of Oz, in the joint-leading role of Glinda, the Good Witch of the North. She was nominated for a 2004 Tony Award as Best Leading Actress in a Musical for her performance, losing to her co-star Idina Menzel (who played Elphaba, the Wicked Witch of the West). Chenoweth was also nominated for the Drama Desk Award and the Drama League Award for this role. After playing Glinda for nine months, Chenoweth left ''Wicked'', on , 2004, soon joining the cast of ''The West Wing'' in Los Angeles.

Chenoweth played Cunegonde in the New York Philharmonic revival of ''Candide'', directed by Lonny Price, in . The production was also broadcast on PBS's ''Great Performances''. A performance of the rarely sung duet "We Are Women", between Cunegonde and the Old Lady (played by Patti Lupone), was included in the production.

From December 2006 to March 2007, she starred on Broadway as Eve in a revival of ''The Apple Tree'' with co-stars Brian d'Arcy James and former fiancé Marc Kudisch. She received nominations for the Drama Desk Award and the Drama League Award. She hosted that year's Drama Desk Awards ceremony.

Chenoweth played Elizabeth in a 2006 workshop of Mel Brooks's musical theatre adaptation of his film ''Young Frankenstein'', but due to other commitments, she was unable to appear in the Broadway production. In 2008 she was scheduled to reprise her role as Cunegonde in an English National Opera production of ''Candide'', but she had to pull out. She appeared in the Encores! semi-staged production of Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II's ''Music in the Air'' in February 2009. Chenoweth was scheduled to return to The Metropolitan Opera in 2010 to play Samira in John Corigliano's opera ''The Ghosts of Versailles''. The Met cancelled the expensive production in 2008 as the U.S. economy weakened.

Chenoweth starred as Fran Kubelik in the 2010 Broadway revival of the musical ''Promises, Promises'', opposite Sean Hayes, which opened on , 2010. The songs "I Say a Little Prayer" and "A House Is Not a Home" were added for her to sing. Chenoweth and Hayes remained in the cast until the show closed on January 2, 2011, although she missed performances from December 29, 2010 to January 1, 2011 to perform a New Year's Eve concert at Walt Disney Concert Hall on December 31, 2010.

Chenoweth took part in a reading of the musical ''On the Twentieth Century'' for the Roundabout Theatre Company in early 2011 with Hugh Jackman and Andrea Martin. She played televangelist Tammy Faye Bakker in a reading of a new musical called ''Rise'' in spring 2011.

Television work

After a guest appearance on ''LateLine'', a role in the short-lived ''Paramour'' (1999) and several roles in television films such as ''Annie'' (as Lily St. Regis), Chenoweth starred in her own NBC sitcom, the semi-autobiographical ''Kristin'' in 2001. It was short-lived, with thirteen episodes filmed, but only six episodes aired. Chenoweth appeared in the lead role of Marian in the 2003 television film, ''The Music Man'', opposite Matthew Broderick. She also guest-starred on such shows as ''Frasier'' (2001), ''Sesame Street'' (2004) and ''Ugly Betty'' (2007).

In 2004, Chenoweth began playing the recurring role of media consultant Annabeth Schott in ''The West Wing''. For her performance, she was nominated twice, along with the cast, for a Screen Actors Guild Award. She appeared in the final two seasons of the program, through 2006.

From 2007 to 2009, Chenoweth played Olive Snook in the television series ''Pushing Daisies''. For her performance she received critical acclaim and was nominated two years in a row for an Emmy Award, winning in 2009 as Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series.The series was cancelled after two seasons.

In 2009, Chenoweth lent her voice to the animated comedy series ''Sit Down, Shut Up'' as Miracle Grohe, a science teacher who does not believe in science. The series lasted just thirteen episodes. Later that year, Chenoweth guest starred as April Rhodes in ''Glee'', singing several songs, earning enthusiastic notices. The character is a former member of the glee club who never finished high school and ended up hitting rock bottom. A review in ''USA Today'' observed, "Her presence may not make much sense, but [if] it means hearing Chenoweth sing, we can put up with any explanation the show cares to offer." She received a Satellite Award for Outstanding Guest Star. In , Chenoweth returned to ''Glee'' as April Rhodes, singing more songs. The ''Los Angeles Times'' review commented, "the best part about 'Home' was undoubtedly the return of Kristin Chenoweth as April. ... From her spunky duet of 'Fire' with Schue, to the heart-achingly lonely coo of 'One Less Bell to Answer' which segued into a fantastic reprise of 'A House Is Not a Home' and of course her bone-chilling take on 'Home' ... I fell in love with her again." She was nominated for both 2010 and 2011 Emmy Awards for her performances on ''Glee''. Chenoweth returned to ''Glee'' in 2011.

In 2011, Chenoweth joined the cast of an upcoming pilot for ABC called ''Good Christian Bitches'' as a character named Darlene. On May 13, 2011, ABC picked it up and changed the title to ''Good Christian Belles''.

Films

Chenoweth made her film debut in the film ''Topa Topa Bluffs'' in 2002 playing the role of Patty. After several years away from film she returned to the big screen in the 2005 film version of ''Bewitched'', directed by Nora Ephron. The film's star, Nicole Kidman, had attended a performance of ''Wicked'' and was so impressed with Chenoweth that Kidman asked Ephron to cast Chenoweth in the film. Chenoweth played the part of Maria Kelly, the Kidman character's neighbor. In 2006, Chenoweth played supporting roles in five films, ''The Pink Panther'', ''RV'', ''Running with Scissors'', ''Deck the Halls'', and ''Stranger Than Fiction''.

On February 24, 2008, Chenoweth sang "That's How You Know" from the film ''Enchanted'' at the 80th Academy Awards in the Kodak Theater. She also voiced Rosetta, the garden fairy in the 2008 animated film ''Tinker Bell''. Later that year, Chenoweth appeared in the 2008 holiday romantic comedy film ''Four Christmases'', playing the sister of Reese Witherspoon's character.

In 2009, Chenoweth starred as a "suicidal prostitute" in the indie drama ''Into Temptation'', written and directed by Patrick Coyle. The film was screened at the Newport Beach Film Festival and since then has been released on DVD. Also in 2009, Chenoweth reprised her voice role of Rosetta in ''Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure'' and filmed the Disney comedy ''You Again'' (released in 2010). Chenoweth hosted the 15th Annual Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards which aired , 2010, on VH1.

Other media

Chenoweth often appears on ''Prairie Home Companion''.

On August 27, 2008, Chenoweth released an internet video with Funny or Die titled ''Intervention with Kristin Chenoweth''. The video parodied A&E;'s show ''Intervention'', with Chenoweth starring as a singing, dancing interventionist. The song was composed by Andrew Lippa, Chenoweth's frequent musical director and composer for her concert songs as well as the composer of "My New Philosophy", which she sang in the revival of ''You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown''. The lyrics are by Amy Rhodes, who also wrote the clip. Chenoweth admitted that she was hesitant about performing the lyrics. In 2010, she appeared in a three-minute video short for ''Glamour Magazine'' entitled "iPad or Bust". Chenoweth posed for the cover and a photo spread in the March 2006 edition of ''FHM'' magazine.

In 2011, Chenoweth released her first televised music video on Country Music Television, directed by Roman White, "I Want Somebody". The video for the single peaked at #19 on CMT's Top Twenty Countdown.

Recordings and concerts

Chenoweth has a distinctive speaking voice, one she has compared to that of Betty Boop. She is a classically trained coloratura soprano, able to sing the note "F6" (also known as "F above High C").

Among other early recordings, Chenoweth participated in a studio cast recording of ''The Most Happy Fella'' in 1992. She was also in the cast recordings of ''A New Brain'' (1998) and ''You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown'' (1999) and a studio cast recording of ''110 in the Shade'' (1999). In 2000, she was featured on the album ''Grateful: The Songs of John Bucchino''. The next year, with Mandy Patinkin, she was featured on the album entitled "Kidults". Also in 2001, she released her debut album ''Let Yourself Go'', which was a collection of standards from the musicals of the 1930s. One of the tracks featured a duet with Jason Alexander. In , Chenoweth performed songs from her solo album, ''Let Yourself Go'', in concert for Lincoln Center's American Songbook concert series. The same year, she appeared as Fanny Brice in the Actor's Fund Benefit Concert of the musical ''Funny Girl'' in New York City. In 2003 in London, she performed a solo concert as part of the ''Divas at Donmar'' series for director Sam Mendes. Later that year, she sang Glinda in the cast recording of ''Wicked'' and the soundrack recording of Disney's ''The Music Man''. In 2004, she released her second album ''As I Am'', which was a Christian music album containing various spiritual songs. The album peaked at number 31 on the U.S. Christian Albums Chart. The same year, Chenoweth gave a concert at Carnegie Hall.

On January 19, 2007, Chenoweth performed a solo concert at The Metropolitan Opera in New York, only the third musical theatre star ever to present a solo concert at that location, following Barbara Cook and Yves Montand. The same year, she was featured in songs with Nathan Gunn on an album entitled ''Just Before Sunrise''. The next year, she released her third solo studio album, entitled ''A Lovely Way to Spend Christmas''. The album was much anticipated by both her fans and Chenoweth herself; she had expressed her desire in the past to produce a Christmas album. The album included a duet with John Pizzarelli and there are several modern holiday tunes, but many traditional carols as well including ''The Lord's Prayer''. This album has been her best seller, reaching number 77 on the U.S. Billboard Albums Chart, climbing to number 7 on the U.S. Holiday Albums chart and to number 1 on the U.S. Heatseekers Chart. Among many other solo concerts around the U.S., Chenoweth performed her own concert in 2009 with the St. Louis Symphony Orchestra, at the Fox Theatre.

Starting in August 2010, during her nights off from ''Promises, Promises'', she talked of flying to Nashville to record songs for her upcoming fourth recording. In an interview with the ''Los Angeles Times'' in December 2010, she revealed her next studio album would be a country pop collaboration with songwriter Diane Warren that would also contain self-written songs. Speaking about the new tracks, the remainder of which are planned to be recorded in Nashville in 2011, Chenoweth plans to address more serious themes of men and relationships.

Special events and appearances

Chenoweth and the cast of the Broadway musical ''Wicked'' performed the song "One Short Day" in the 2003 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. In the 2005 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, Chenoweth performed the song "Oklahoma" while riding aboard the "Oklahoma Rising" float. The float was making the first of three annual appearances commemorating the state of Oklahoma's statehood centennial in 2007.

She was the star performer of the opening ceremony of the 2007 Tournament of Roses Parade. She sang "Our Good Nature," an original composition written to coincide with the Oklahoma centennial celebration and the theme of the parade. In the 2008 Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, she performed the song "The Christmas Waltz" from her "A Lovely Way to Spend Christmas" album while riding aboard the "The Care Bears Winter Fun-Derland" float.

She sang with Il Divo as part of Il Divo's Christmas Tour 2009 on , 16 and 17 in New York City and in Boston.

Personal life

In 2009, Chenoweth wrote a memoir entitled ''A Little Bit Wicked: Life, Love, and Faith in Stages'', describing her adoption, her turn in ''Wicked'' and her time in Hollywood. She has stated that the book is not a "tell all", and instead focuses on "how I got where I am so far". The book was released on , 2009. The book spent two weeks on The New York Times Best Seller List.

She has spoken publicly about her religious faith; she describes herself as a "non-judgmental, liberal Christian". Raised as a Southern Baptist, she later chose to have a personal connection to a faith that is not based in any one denomination.

According to ''The New York Times'', when Chenoweth "assured her theater fans that she supports gay rights her Christian base was outraged; she was disinvited from performing at a Women of Faith conference in ." Chenoweth released an album in called ''As I Am'', a mixture of hymns and contemporary Christian music, with adult contemporary arrangements. To promote the album, she made an appearance on ''The 700 Club'' that upset some of her gay fans. She later said she thought that the "Pat Robertsons and Jerry Falwells of the world are scary" and that she regretted appearing on the show.

She dated producer/writer Aaron Sorkin. In Sorkin's ''Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip'', the character of Harriet Hayes bears significant resemblances to Chenoweth, and the relationship between the Christian Hayes and "East coast liberal Jewish atheist" (her description) Matt Albie is modeled after that of Chenoweth and Sorkin. For example, Chenoweth's decision to appear on ''The 700 Club'' and her falling out with Women of Faith were depicted with the Hayes character.

Chenoweth has Ménière's disease, an inner-ear disorder that can cause vertigo, headaches and nausea, among other symptoms. She has said that, during some performances, she has had to lean on her co-stars to keep her balance and that it has caused her to miss performances.

In May 2010, Chenoweth wrote in response to an article in ''Newsweek'' by Ramin Setoodeh, an openly gay writer. Setoodeh thought that her Tony-nominated ''Promises, Promises'' co-star, Sean Hayes, "comes off as wooden and insincere" in playing the straight character Chuck, and that Jonathan Groff has a similar credibility problem in the TV show ''Glee''. He questioned whether any openly gay actor could acceptably portray a straight character. Chenoweth called the article "horrendously homophobic" and criticized Setoodeh's view as rationalizing "the same kind of bullying" that gay youths face in high school. Chenoweth argued that audiences "come to the theater to go on a journey" and do not care about an actor's sexual orientation. The story was picked up approvingly by major media including ''The New York Times'' and the ''Los Angeles Times''.

Credits

Broadway

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" border="2" cellpadding="4" background: #f9f9f9; |- align="center" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Title ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Venue ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Notes |- | 1997 | ''Steel Pier'' | Precious McGuire | Richard Rodgers Theatre | Theatre World Award |- | rowspan="2" | 1999 | ''You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown'' | Sally Brown | Ambassador Theatre | Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a MusicalDrama Desk Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a MusicalOuter Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical |- | ''Epic Proportions'' | Louise Goldman | Helen Hayes Theatre | |- | 2003–2004 | ''Wicked'' | Glinda | George Gershwin Theatre | Broadway.com Audience Award for Best Onstage Pair (shared with Idina Menzel)Nominated—Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a MusicalNominated—Tony Award for Best Performance by a Leading Actress in a Musical |- | 2006–2007 | ''The Apple Tree'' | EvePrincess BarbáraElla / Passionella | Studio 54 | Broadway.com Audience Award for Best Diva PerformanceNominated—Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Actress in a MusicalNominated—Outer Critics Circle Award for Outstanding Actress in a MusicalNominated—Broadway.com Audience Award for Best Leading Actress in a Broadway Musical |- | 2010–2011 | ''Promises, Promises'' | Fran Kubelik | The Broadway Theatre | Broadway.com Star of the Year AwardBroadway.com Audience Award for Best Leading Actress in a Broadway MusicalBroadway.com Audience Award for Best Diva PerformanceNominated—Broadway.com Audience Award for Best Onstage Pair (shared with Sean Hayes) |- |}

Other theatre

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" border="2" cellpadding="4" background: #f9f9f9; |- align="center" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Title ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Venue |- | 1994 | ''The Fantasticks'' | Luisa | Sullivan Street Playhouse |- | 1994 | ''Box Office of the Damned'' | Kristy | CSC Theatre |- | 1997 | ''Scapin'' | Hyacinth | Laura Pels Theatre |- | 1998 | ''A New Brain'' | Nancy D / Waitress | Mitzi E. Newhouse Theatre |- |}

New York City Center Encores

{|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 90%;" border="2" cellpadding="4" background: #f9f9f9; |- align="center" ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Year ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Title ! style="background:#B0C4DE;" | Role |- | 1998 | ''Strike up the Band'' | Anne Draper |- | 2000 | ''On a Clear Day You Can See Forever'' | Daisy Gamble / Melinda |- | 2005 | ''The Apple Tree'' | EvePrincess BarbáraElla / Passionella |- | 2007 | ''Stairway to Paradise'' | Female Star |- | 2009 | ''Music in the Air'' | Frieda Hatzfeld |}

Filmography

colspan="5" style="background:#B0C4DE;"	Film
Year	Film	Role	Notes
1999		Lily St. Regis	TV film
2001	''Seven Roses''		TV film
2002	''Topa Topa Bluffs''	Patty
2003		Marian Paroo	TV film
2005		Maria Kelly
		Cherie
	Mary Jo Gornicke
	Book Channel host
	Fern Stewart
	Tia Hall
''A Sesame Street Christmas Carol''	Christmas Carole	Voice role
	''Space Chimps''	Kilowatt	Voice role
	Rosetta	Voice role
''Four Christmases''	Courtney
		Linda Salerno
''Tinker Bell and the Lost Treasure''	Rosetta	voice role
	E.J. Baxter
	''Tinker Bell and the Great Fairy Rescue''	Rosetta	voice role
	Georgia King
TBA	''Family Weekend''		''pre-production''
Television
Year	Title	Role	Notes
	''LateLine''	Kristin	"The Christian Guy"
''Paramour''		Mini-series
		Kristin Yancey	Thirteen episodes
''Frasier''	Portia Sanders
2002	''Baby Bob''	Crystal Carter	"Talking Babies Say the Darndest Things"
2003	''Fillmore!''	Museum Guide
2005	''Great Performances''	Cunegonde
2004–2006	''The West Wing''	Annabeth Schott
2003, 2006	''Sesame Street''	Ms. Noodle	Two episodes
2001, 2007	''Elmo's World''	Ms. Noodle	Two episodes
	''Ugly Betty''	Diane
''Robot Chicken''	''various''
2007–2009	''Pushing Daisies''		Twenty-two episodes, main characterPrimetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress - Comedy Series
		Miracle Grohe	Voice role, eleven episodes, main character
''[[Legally Mad''	Skippy Pylon	Pilot, never aired on television
	2009–present		April Rhodes	4 episodes, including "The Rhodes Not Taken", "Home" and "Rumours".Special Achievement Satellite Award for Outstanding Guest Star (2009)Nominated—Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series (2010)Pending—Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series (2011)
2010		Herself (guest judge No. 1)	"Orlando Auditions"
2010		Herself	Season 10 Episode 7
2010	''When I Was 17''	Herself	Season 1 Episode 20
2011		Herself (guest judge No. 3)	Season 8 Top 16
2012	''Good Christian Belles''	Darlene Cockburn	Main character

Discography

Studio albums

+List of albums, with selected chart positions	Title	Album details	Peak chart positions
! scope="col" style="width:3.8em;font-size:90%;"			! scope="col" style="width:3.8em;font-size:90%;"	! scope="col" style="width:3.8em;font-size:90%;"
! scope="row"		* Released: May 29, 2001	* Label: Sony Music Entertainment (#89384)	* Format:		* Released: April 5, 2005	* Label: Sony Music Entertainment (#94384)	* Format: CD, digital download	—	31	—
''[[A Lovely Way to Spend Christmas">Compact disc	—	—	—
! scope="row"		* Released: April 5, 2005	* Label: Sony Music Entertainment (#94384)	* Format: CD, digital download	—	31	—
''[[A Lovely Way to Spend Christmas''		* Released: October 14, 2008	* Label: Sony Masterworks (#8869734256)	* Format: CD, digital download	77	—	7
''Some Lessons Learned"		* To be released: September 13, 2011	* Label: Sony Masterworks

Singles

+ List of singles, with selected chart positions	Title	Year	Peak chart positions					Album
! scope="col" style="width:2.2em;font-size:90%;"			! scope="col" style="width:2.2em;font-size:90%;"	! scope="col" style="width:2.2em;font-size:90%;"	! scope="col" style="width:2.2em;font-size:90%;"	! scope="col" style="width:2.2em;font-size:90%;"
"	51	94	58	25	47
"[[Last Name">Cabaret (musical)		88	100	—	—	87
! scope="row"	51	94	58	25	47
"[[Last Name"(''Glee'' Cast featuring Kristin Chenoweth)	—	—	—	44	83
! scope="row"		64	—	52	—	93
! scope="row"	53	—	63	—	77	rowspan="2"
! scope="row"	90	—	92	—	116
! scope="row"		92	—	—	—	—	''Glee: The Music, Volume 6''
"I Want Somebody (Bitch About)"	—	—	—	—	—	''Some Lessons Learned''

Awards and nominations

+	! Year!! Award !! Title !! Work !! Result
1997	Theater World Award	Outstanding Broadway Debut	''Steel Pier''
	Drama Desk Award	Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical
Outer Critics Circle Award	Outstanding Featured Actress in a Musical
Tony Award	Best Featured Actress in a Musical
	Broadway.com Audience Award	Best On Stage Duo (with Idina Menzel)
Drama Desk Award	Outstanding Actress in a Musical
Drama League Award	Distinguished Performance
Outer Critics Circle Award	Outstanding Actress in a Musical
Tony Award	Best Leading Actress in a Musical
2005	Screen Actors Guild Award	Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
2006	Screen Actors Guild Award	Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series
		Best Diva Performance
Best Leading Actress in a Broadway Musical
Drama Desk Award	Outstanding Actress in a Musical
Drama League Award	Distinguished Performance
Outer Critics Circle Award	Outstanding Actress in a Musical
	Emmy Award	Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
	Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Breakthrough Performer of the Year
Satellite Award	Best Supporting Actress in a TV Series, Mini-Series or TV Movie
	Emmy Award	Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Gold Derby TV Award	Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series
Satellite Award	Outstanding Guest Star
	Emmy Award	Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series
Gold Derby TV Award	Best Guest Actress in a Comedy Series
	Best Leading Actress in a Broadway Musical
Best Diva Performance
Best On-Stage Pair (with Sean Hayes)
Broadway.com Star of the Year	''for being voted most popular Broadway star of the year''
	GLAAD Media Award	Vanguard Award	''for making a significant difference in promoting equal rights for LGBT people''
Emmy Award	Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series	''Glee''

References

External links

''FHM'' interview

TonyAwards.com Interview

Excerpt from ''A Little Bit Wicked''

Category:1968 births Category:Living people Category:Actors from Oklahoma Category:American adoptees Category:American Christians Category:American female singers Category:American film actors Category:American musical theatre actors Category:American people of Cherokee descent Category:American performers of Christian music Category:American sopranos Category:American television actors Category:American voice actors Category:Clarence Derwent Award winners Category:Drama Desk Award winners Category:Emmy Award winners Category:Oklahoma City University alumni Category:People from Broken Arrow, Oklahoma Category:Tony Award winners

br:Kristin Chenoweth cs:Kristin Chenoweth de:Kristin Chenoweth es:Kristin Chenoweth fr:Kristin Chenoweth it:Kristin Chenoweth nl:Kristin Chenoweth ja:クリスティン・チェノウェス no:Kristin Chenoweth pl:Kristin Chenoweth pt:Kristin Chenoweth ru:Ченовет, Кристин fi:Kristin Chenoweth sv:Kristin Chenoweth tl:Kristin Chenoweth