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Hanuman, the perfect devotee of Rama visualised as a singer of bhajan

A Bhajan is any type of Indian devotional song. It has no fixed form: it may be as simple as a mantra or kirtan or as sophisticated as the dhrupad or kriti with music based on classical ragas and talas.^[1] It is normally lyrical, expressing love for the Divine. The name, a cognate of bhakti, meaning religious devotion, suggests its importance to the bhakti movement that spread from the south of India throughout the entire subcontinent in the Moghul era.

Anecdotes and episodes from scriptures, the teachings of saints and descriptions of gods have all been the subject of bhajans. The Dhrupad style, Sufi qawwali^[2] and the kirtan or song in the Haridasi tradition are related to bhajan. Nanak, Kabir, Meera, Narottama Dasa, Surdas and Tulsidas are notable composers. Traditions of bhajan such as Nirguni, Gorakhanathi, Vallabhapanthi, Ashtachhap, Madhura-bhakti and the traditional South Indian form Sampradya Bhajan each have their own repertoire and methods of singing.

Classic bhajans[link]

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Bhajans by Kabir, Mirabai, Surdas, Tulsidas and a few others are considered to be classic. The language of their works is influenced by several of the dialects of Hindi. They are widely enjoyed even among those who do not speak Hindi. Here is a representative selection of the best known bhajans by these poets.

Kabir: Chadaria Jhini Re Jhini[link]

This bhajan has been recorded by several well known singers. Kabir refers to his body as a chadar, a sheet of cloth. Kabir is the best-known exponent of Nirguni bhajan, which celebrate a formless (nirguna) divinity, encouraging listeners to shed dogma and look at reality. Baba Bulleh Shah is another and the Bauls of Bengal have developed from these roots. The Sikh guru Nanak gathered many such bhajans into the Guru Granth Sahib.

This is fine, this is fine cloth.

Dyed in the Ram Nam, the name of the lord,

A spinning wheel like an eight-petalled lotus spins it,

Five elements and three qualities are its pattern.

The Lord tailored it in ten moons,

Pressed the threads to get the weft tight.

It has been worn by gods, men and sages:

They soiled it with use.

Says Kabir; I have covered myself with this cloth most carefully,

And eventually will leave it as it was before.

Meera: Mane Chakar Rakho Ji[link]

A version of this famous hymn was used in the 1947 Hindi film Meerabai. Mirabai lived in Rajasthan and her dialect of Hindi is more properly called a variety of Rajasthani. Because of Rajasthan's proximity to Gujarat, Rajasthani and Gujarati share many similar linguistic features, and Mirabai seemed equally at home in either language.

Lord Girdhari (Krishna), make me your servant.

As your servant, I will plant a garden, and see you every day.

In the groves and lanes of Vrindavan, I will sing about you.

Tulsidas: Shri Ramachandra Kripalu Bhaju Man[link]

O my mind! Revere the kind Sri Rama, who can remove the fear of rebirths,

Who has lotus eyes, lotus face and lotus hands, lotus feet, red like the rising sun.

Surdas: Main Nahi Makhan Khayo[link]

Main Naahin Maakhan Khaayo, a very popular pad in Raga Ramkali. The naughty child Krishna was caught with freshly churned butter by his mother Yashoda, with some still on his face. He claims:

I did not eat the butter, mother.

I think my friends have smeared some on my face!

Sampradaya Bhajan[link]

Sampradaya Bhajan or Dakhshina Bharatha Sampradaya Bhajan is the tradition of Bhajans (singing songs in praise of God and his divine love and simplicity) in India, particularly in South India. Dakshina" means "south" in Sanskrit and "Bharat" means "India". "Sampradaya" means a tradition which is handed down by one's ancestors.

It is the collection of Kirtanas (songs) and Namavalis (songs composed of names of Hindu gods like Lord Rama, Lord Krishna etc.) in a specific order. # Jagadguru Bodhendra Swamigal of Kanchi Kamakoti petam, Sri Marudhanallur Sadguru Swamigal, Sri Pudukottai Gopala Krishna Bhagavathar were instrumental in identifying the Kirtanas and Namavalis that are to be sung in any Bhajan and their evolution.

The trinity of gurus as far as Bhajans are considered as Bodhendra Swamigal, Sridhara Ayyaval and Marudhanallur Sadguru Swamigal. The sampradaya bhajana paddhati has mainly evolved due to the tradition and efforts of Marudhanallur Sadguru Swamigal.

The bhajans are typically rendered in the following order:

1. Dhyana Slokam
2. Sangraha Thodaya Mangalam (Thotakam - Beginning with a praise, Mangalam - End)Thodaya Mangalam is different from Thotaka Ashtakam of ADI SANKARA
3. Guru Dhyanam
4. Guru Abhangs
5. Sadhu Keertanas (hymns on Sadhus and sants. It can be abhangs also)
6. Jayadeva Ashtapadi (Geeta Govindam)
7. Narayana Teertha Krishna leela Tharangini

Panchapati (Five songs in Telugu (Bhadrachala Ramadas), Kannada (Sri Purandara dasa), Sanskrit (Sri Sadasiva Brahmendral), Tamil (Sri Gopalakrishna Bharathi) and compositions of Sri Tyagaraja

1. Badrachala Bhakta Ramdas
2. Purandara Dasa
3. Sadasiva Brahmendra
4. Thyagaraja
5. Goplakrishna Bharathi

And if time permits, one can sing the North Indian Bhajan Compositions of

1. Kabir Das
2. Meera Bai
3. Tulsidas or Surdas
4. Marathi Abhangs on Lord Panduranga

The comes the turn of Dyana keertanais (hymns on Gods, stuti, Abhangs or Guru Keertanai). In the Dyana Keertana, it starts from Lord Ganesha Saraswati Muruga (Karthikeyan) Shiv Durga Narasimhan Ram Krishna Venkateshwar Vittal Ranganathan Dashavatara stuti Vittal (Marathi Abhangs on Lord Panduranga) Lakshmi Sita / Radha Hanuman Garuda Aiyappan Chandeeshwaran Nandikeshwaran Chaitanya deva (Gauranga) Guru Keertana

Then comes Pooja Sampradaya Kritis

1. Baro murare (welcome)
2. Sharanagata vatsala (request)
3. Kastoori gana.. (pooja)
4. Chita juni... (aarati)
5. Shobane
6. Jay Jay aarati...
7. kanjadalakshiki..
8. Prartana Abhang
9. Rajadi rajaya.. (pushpanjali)
10. Kattiya vachanam (verses from variety of books)
11. Chatur veda parayan
12. Kshetra mahatmiyam (verses on importance of tirta kshetras)
13. Upacharamu.. (upachara sankeertan)
14. Vinnappa gadyam (praying to God - shlokas)
15. Sri Krishna Govinda hare murare.. (naamaavali)

Pooja ends here and Divya namam starts. (deepa pradakshinam - With lighted lamp in the middle considering the lamp as God, bhagavatas will do sankeertan by doing pradakshinas). This equals going around the earth.

Then comes dolotsavam (making God sleep).

1. Anjaneya Keertanai
2. Mangalam

The Thotaka Ashtakam was composed by Thotakachariyar. It is sung in praise of Sri Adi Sankara of Kaladi. Legend says that Thotakachariya (or Thotakar) was a devotee of Aadi Sankara. Do not confuse this Thodaya Mangalam of Bhagavathas with the Thotaka Ashtakam of Thotakachariyar.

Modern forms[link]

V. D. Paluskar and V. N. Bhatkhande have combined Indian classical music with bhajan. The dancer Mallika Sarabhai has produced performances based on bhajans. Mallika Sarabhai, one of the nation’s most intelligent dance professionals, was successful in producing this piece that is innovative, yet flows into the inherent poetic structures of Bhajan with ease. Abhinaya Chakravathi Sri JS Eswara Prasad Rao of Hyderabad who is the disciple of AL Krishnamurthy Bhagavathar, Pudukkottai system, has produced performances based on Sampradaya bhajans under the title "Nitrya sankeerthnam", he has performed abhinaya for all the bhajans irrespective of the languages.

Jagadguru Shree Kripaluji Maharaj (b. 1922) is a prominent poet Saint of modern times, in the path of Bhakti Marg, the path of love or devotion to God.^[3] He has composed eleven thousand one hundred and eleven doha (couplets) on the leela of Radha Krishn and the devotional philosophy called Radha Govind Geet; 1008 pad (songs) called Prem Ras Madira; hundreds of kirtan in the form of Yugal Shatak and Yugal Ras and twelve pad which fully describe the beauty and the decorations of Krishn, and thirteen pad which describe the beauty and the decorations of Radha Rani called Shree Krishn Dwadashi and Shree Radha Trayodashi.^[4] Renditions of Shree Maharajji's bhajans and kirtans have been recorded by well known singers in India such as Manna Dey^[5] Anuradha Paudwal^[6] and Anup Jalota.^[7]

In Surat Shabd Yoga, the spiritual exercises (sadhanas) include repetition, particularly silent repetition, of a mantra given at initiation and bhajan ( here meaning listening to inner sounds).

Also bhajan singing is common in some Surat Shabd Yoga groups. In this case the bhajan are written by the living Master or his predecessors.^[8]

See also[link]

• Filmi Devotional songs
• Gurunath
• Salabega - Muslim author of numerous bhajans

References[link]

External links[link]

• Sanskrit Glossary - Bhajan
• Swargarohan : Largest collection of Bhajans by Meera Bai, Narsinh Mehta, Kabir, Ganga Sati with MP3 audio
• Bhajans : One Way of Worship
• Sampradaya Bhajan
• Bhajan – devotional and philosophical songs!
• [1]
• The Mummurthis – The Trinity of Bajans

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"Param Bhakt" (Supreme Devotee) Shri Hari Om Sharan ( Hindi: हरिओम शरण ) (26 September 1932 - 17 December 2007) was a legendary Hindu devotional singer and lyricist. He devoted most of his career in singing devotional songs in praise of Bhagwan Ram and Hanuman. He was blessed with renown as a Bhajan singer in the 70s with his albums like Premanjali Pushpanjai, and Data Ek Ram. His bhajan namely 'Tera Ram ji Karenge Bedaa Paar', 'Maili Chadar Odhke Kaise', 'Aarti Kunj Bihari ki', 'Aisa Pyar Bahaa De Maiyya', 'Shree Radhey Govinda', 'Hanuman Chalisa', 'Govind Jai Jai Gopal Jai Jai' are very popular amongst sincere devotees around the world. During his devotional recordings spanning over 35 years, he released over 20 Bhajan albums.^[1]

Biography[link]

Early life[link]

Hari Om Sharan was born in Lahore, now in Pakistan, on 26 September 1932. His family migrated to India, after the Partition of India in 1947.^[2]

Recording career[link]

He became a professional singer in 1973, singing his first album for HMV. During a trip to Guyana, he met Nandini, whom he later married, and settled down in India.^[2]

While others singers of his era sought fame and fortune by singing Bollywood songs for movies, Hari Om Sharan stuck with bhajans and God. His simplicity is reflected in his singing and his lifestyle. He and his wife were easily approachable and were mobbed by followers at every mandir (temple) and every public concert.

His bhajans are sung across Northern India. Even in Kashmir and Jammu valley his bhajans are sung and the local singer may not always know or come across his name. He became a legend in his lifetime. Rare are the days when All India Radio Vividh Bharathi does not relay a bhajan sung by him in his morning programme from 6 to 6.30 AM. He is well respected in Indian communities in West Indies, Trinidad, and Guyana.

He was inspired to sing previously unheard compositions of Kabir, Kamal, Raidas, etc. Those who have heard him in his pristine days can never forget his very melodious voice and the impact it created on them. He does sing with simplicity and understatement and does nothing to exaggerate. That is the beauty of his bhajans. His pronunciation and enunciation is crystal clear and his feel is unmistakable. His pronunciation of Sanskrit verses is excellent and the phonetics are distinct.

He appeared briefly in an English film, Holy Smoke! (1999), as a singer.^[3]

He is said to have ventured (very briefly) into ghazal singing, though without much success.

Singers pay tribute[link]

The neutrality of this section is disputed. Please see the discussion on the talk page. Please do not remove this message until the dispute is resolved. (March 2009)

In 2004, an album of Hari Om's bhajans, sung by the front runners of India's music industry, titled Hari Om - A Life in Prayer, was released. The contributors to this album, a tribute to the lifetime contribution by Hari Om Sharan, were the who's who of the Indian music industry: Pt. Jasraj, Pt. Shivkumar Sharma, Sonu Nigam, Hariharan, Anup Jalota, Shankar Mahadevan, Richa Sharma, Sadhana Sargam, Shaan, Mahalaxmi Iyer, and Sunidhi Chauhan. World famous percussionist Sivamani provides the backdrop upon which this amazing tribute is painted.^[4]

Kavita Krishnamurthy, winner of four Filmfare Awards, in speaking about Hari Om said, "What struck me most about him, is the simplicity with which he sings. It is almost like the person singing is a 'saint' or 'fakir'."

Shankar Mahadevan puts it best when he said, "This CD is our offering to the god of Bhajans, Hari Om Sharan ji!"

Hari Om Sharan was honoured by the Trinidad government for his contribution in October 2005. The Indian religious song legend was felicitated by culture Minister Joan Yuille Williams. Yuille Williams told the thousands gathered at the Chaguanas venue that it was indeed fitting to pay tribute to the bhajan singer, who had given his life to an art form that has become him. Yuille Williams said of Sharan: “His invaluable contribution spans decades of performances across the globe and stands as evidence of the magnitude of this great and pious man.” She said a closer look at Sharan reveals that he may very well be the only person who writes, composes, and performs songs to such a degree of excellence, even when one considers all of the other Indian music forms which exist today.

Legacy[link]

He remains one of the most popular bhajan singers in India. Millions of Indians start their day with his bhajans. He is credited with a very popular "Hanuman Chalisa". Listening to Shri Hari Om Sharan is a spiritually humbling experience. He devoted his life to service of Rama and Hanuman.

Sharan never tried to decorate his bhajans with ornate twists of complicated gayaki. Sharan’s songs are straight from the heart, sung without any exaggeration and simplicity that unfailingly touches chords of one's heart in a most charming manner.

Apart from being a musician of immense charm and humility, Hari Om Sharan was a writer and a painter, too. There are more than 20 cassettes/CDs from this genius, and he has sung over 2,500 bhajans that are a treasure for generations to come.

Memorable Bhajans[link]

Discography[link]

• Daata Ek Raam
• Bhakti Vandan
• Sri Hanuman Chalisa
• Premanjali
• Pushpanjali
• Aarti Archan
• Bhajan Uphaar
• Kabir Vani
• Chalo Man Vrindavan Ki Oor
• Bhajan Deepanjali
• Kahat Kabhir Suno Bhai Sadho
• Govind Ke Gun Ga Ley (1984)
• Sai Kripa (1984)
• Sri Krishna Charit Maanas (Musical Drama - 1979)
• Gunn Gaan (1994)
• Shiv Mahima (1994)
• Ram Bhakt Hanuman (1996)
• Sampoorna Sundara Kaand (1994)

Some rare songs worth special mention are "Koi Samjhe Bhakt" (Album:Gungaan); "Masjid kardi Dwarika","Vipda Mithanewale" (Album:Sai Kripa) and "Ab na bani to phir na banegi" (Album: Govind ke gun ga ley).

References[link]

External links[link]

• Listen to Hari Om Sharan Bhajans online
• Albums of Hari Om Sharan

Anuradha Paudwal
Background information
Born	(1954-10-27) October 27, 1954 (age 57)
Genres	playback singing, bhajans
Occupations	Singer
Instruments	Vocalist
Years active	1973–present

Anuradha Paudwal is a popular playback singer in Bollywood in India.^[1] She has sung songs in Hindi, Marathi, Oriya, and Nepali.

Biography[link]

She studied at Xavier's College in Mumbai. She was married to the late Arun Paudwal, who worked with music director S. D. Burman as his assistant. Her singing career started in 1973 with the movie, Abhimaan, (starring Amitabh Bachchan and Jaya Bachchan) in which she sang a Shloka (a Sanskrit verse). In the same year she also made her Marathi film debut with "Yashoda" (music by Datta Davjekar). In 1974, she brought out a record of Non-film Marathi songs or "bhav geeten" which became very popular.

In 1976, she got her break as a playback singer in Hindi films with Kalicharan (starring Shatrughan Sinha and Reena Roy). Her first solo was in the movie, Aap Beati, (starring Hema Malini and Shashi Kapoor). Laxmikant-Pyarelal were the music-composer duo for that movie. She also occasionally sang songs for composers Rajesh Roshan (Des Pardes), Jaidev (Dooriyan, Laila Majnu), Kalyanji Anandji (Kalaakar, Vidhaata), and Usha Khanna (Souten, Sajan Bina Suhagan).

Anuradha apparently never received any formal training in classical music, stating in an interview, "I have not received any formal training in classical music. I have tried many times, but it has never worked out. I learnt a little here and a little there, but ultimately, I just practiced for many hours listening to Lataji".^[2]

Anuradha gained recognition with her popular numbers for the movie, Hero, for composers Laxmikant-Pyarelal. Her collaboration with Laxmikant-Pyarelal produced more success with songs for Meri Jung ("O Mere Kwabon Ke"), Batwara ("Thaare Vaaste Re Dola-Tu Maaro Kaun Lage"), Nagina and many more.Ram Lakhan saw Laxmikant-Pyarelal giving three major hit songs to Anuradha. Their association ended with Tezaab where she sang two good numbers for them - "Kehdo Ki Tum" and "Hum Tumko Dilbar Kyon Maane".

Following this she collaborated with movie producer, Gulshan Kumar, and began a success streak with the movies, Lal Dupatta Malmal Ka, Tezaab, Aashiqui and Dil Hai Ke Manta Nahin. She along with Gulshan Kumar were instrumental in getting many unknown playback singers to the fore, including Kumar Sanu, Udit Narayan, Abhijeet, Sonu Nigam. New Music directors, including her husband Arun Paudwal, were introduced to the music world. Nadeem-Shravan, Anu Malik, Anand-Milind, Nikhil Vinay and Amar Utpal all collaborated with T-Series (Gulshan Kumar's music label) and started a new era of melody in Bollywood. She has sung over 2000 songs til now from the start of her career. Most of her duets have been with Udit Narayan, Kumar Sanu, Mohammed Aziz. She sang some songs with Kishore Kumar, Mohammed Rafi and also with her female co-singers; Lata Mangeshkar, Asha Bhosle, Alka Yagnik, Kavita Krishnamurthy and Sadhana Sargam. Her other notable songs were also for the famous duo Shiv-Hari, for the movie "Sahebaan". She has also sung for R.D. Burman in her initial days and actually convinced him to make songs for Gulshan Kumar's label in his last days and the song "Aja Meri Jaan" set to one of the background score of R.D.Burman from Saagar is still popular. She also sang beautiful duets with her co-singers from Tamil Nadu and Kerala, notably S. P. Balasubrahmanyam and K. J. Yesudas.

Controversies[link]

Anuradha has had her share of controversies as well. She was one of the rare singers to bloom during the reign of the Mangeshkar sisters in the Bollywood music industry. She was also under much controversy when she dubbed the songs of Alka Yagnik in the film "Dil". This also caused rifts between Anand-Milind and Alka Yagnik, thereby causing them to not collaborate for 2 years. Later in 1998, Anuradha Paudwal dubbed the songs of Alka Yagnik once again for the film Itihaas, this time under the music direction of Dilip Sen-Sameer Sen. However, Alka Yagnik, protested, to which the music company, T-Series was forced to include both versions of the same song, one in the voice of Alka Yagnik and the other in the voice of Anuradha Paudwal. She further went to dub Lata Mangeshkar's song in "Radha Ka Sangam" citing that her voice suited the heroine better. Anu Malik, a smaller name then, who had composed the soundtrack of Radha Ka Sangam, protested against this move.

At her peak, Anuradha announced that henceforth she would sing exclusively for "T-Series", and concentrated on devotional songs and "cover-version" albums. T-Series used her attractive and pleasing looks to good effect in numerous Bhajan and promotional videos. She was the first playback singer whose face featured on music covers more than the film's actors. She sang for T-series for some time and then went into a sabbatical. After about five years, she restarted her playback career. She sang a few hit songs for her old music directors but the reception for her comeback was mild.

Although Anuradha has significantly cutback in singing for films, she has continued on with her popularity for singing devotional songs and creating devotional albums, which ultimately remains her forte. She has collaborated with Pandit Jasraj on his "Geet Govind , many devotional albums with Anup Jalota. Her voice is well suited on devotional numbers.

Marathi[link]

Anuradha sang in a number of Marathi movies including the memorable Disate Majalaa, Raja Lalakaari, and Kaalyaa Maatita Maatitaa. Most of these movies had music by the duo of Anil-Arun, Arun being her husband, who collaborated with Anil Mohile to form a pair.

Bollywood Songs[link]

Awards and recognition[link]

• 1986: Filmfare Award for "Mere Mann Bajaa Mridang" from Utsav.
• 1990: National Film Award for "He Ek Reshami" from Kalat Nakalat
• 1991: Filmfare Award for "Nazar Ke Saamne" from Aashiqui.
• 1992: Filmfare Award for "Dil Hai Ke Manta Nahi" from Dil Hai Ke Manta Nahin.
• 1993: Filmfare Award form "Dhak Dhak Karne Laga" from Beta.
• 2011: Mother Teresa Award for Lifetime Achievement ^[3]

References[link]

External links[link]

• Anuradha Paudwal at the Internet Movie Database
• List of Hindi movies with songs by Anuradha Paudwal
• Bio at HindiLyrix.com

Hridayanath Mangeshkar
Background information
Born	(1937-10-26) October 26, 1937 (age 74)
Origin	India
Genres	Pop Folk Indian classical music
Years active	1950–present

Hridaynath Mangeshkar (born October 26, 1937) is a composer/singer from India known for his eclectic compositions and a well-respected body of work. He is the younger brother of Indian music icons Lata Mangeshkar and Asha Bhosle. He is popularly known as Balasaheb in the music and film industry.

Biography[link]

Hridaynath Mangeshkar is the only son of Deenanath Mangeshkar, who belongs to Gomantak Maratha Samaj. The family's last name used to be Hardikar; Deenanath changed it to Mangeshkar. He is the younger brother of Indian music icons Lata Mangeshkar, Usha Mangeshkar, Mrs. Meena Khadikar and Asha Bhosle. He is married to Bharati Malvankar Mangeshkar, daughter of famous Marathi comedy actor Damuanna Malvankar. They have two sons Aadinath and Vaijnath, and a daughter Radha.

Hridaynath debuted his music career in 1955 with the Marathi film Akash Ganga. Since then he has composed for Marathi films such as Sansar^{[disambiguation needed ]}, Jait Re Jait, Umbartha, Nivdung and a few Hindi films, the most notable among them being Lekin... and Maya Memsaab.

Career[link]

Despite being very selective, Hridayanath Mangeshkar has composed many songs in Marathi and Hindi. He is known for his penchant for selecting beautiful poems for his compositions. His compositions tend to be truly faithful to the emotions in the poems he composes. His songs tend to have complex meters and require singers of range and depth for enjoyable renditions. His composition of Veer Savarkar‘s poem Saagara Pran Talamalala is a case in point. His 1982 album Dnyaneshwar Mauli featured compositions from Sant Dnyaneshwar perhaps the most gifted poet in Marathi literature, virtually sets the standard for modern devotional music in Marathi.

Hridayanath has also composed some memorable folk songs. Staying true to the spirit, his Koli Geets (fishermen songs) reflect the traditional rhythms of the fishermen of Konkan. His music to the critically acclaimed movie Jait Re Jait is another example of his prowess in this genre. One of his most popular works is the composition for the Marathi movie Nivdung.

At one point Hridaynath was a student of Amir Khan; however, he feels that his guru is not as timeless as his sister Lata.^[1]

He has been the recipient of several awards throughout his glorious career, such as the prestigious National Award at the hands of the President of India, the Lata Mangeshkar Award of Maharashtra state, and seven Maharashtra State Awards for best vocalist and Music Director/Composer.

He was awarded the title Pandit by the people of Maharashtra at the hands of Pt.Bhimsen Joshi and Pandit Jasraj. The Shankaracharya has conferred upon him the title BhaavGandharva.

He was awarded Padmashri by Government of India in 2009.

Some of his most memorable Hindi film scores are Lekin..., Maya Memsaab, Lal Salaam, Yash Chopra's Mashaal, Dhanwaan and Chaani, to name a few.

He is also the first Indian composer to compose and release two entire albums featuring the poems and songs of the poet-saint Sant Meerabai, titled Chala Vahi Des and Meera Bhajans. He has recently also composed and released an album titled Meera Soor Kabeera, featuring the works of Meerabai, Kabir and Surdas.

He produced an album featuring the ghazals of Mirza Ghalib, titled Ghalib and sung by Lata Mangeshkar.

References[link]

1. ^ Sibling revelry with three bhakti poets

External links[link]

• Hridaynath Mangeshkar at the Internet Movie Database