Events[link]

43 BC – Octavian, later known as Augustus, compels the Roman Senate to elect him Consul.

1504 – In Ireland, the Hiberno-Norman de Burghs (Burkes) and Anglo-Norman Fitzgeralds fight in the Battle of Knockdoe.

1561 – An 18-year-old Mary, Queen of Scots, returns to Scotland after spending 13 years in France.

1612 – The "Samlesbury witches", three women from the Lancashire village of Samlesbury, England, are put on trial, accused for practicing witchcraft, one of the most famous witch trials in English history.

1666 – Second Anglo-Dutch War: Rear Admiral Robert Holmes leads a raid on the Dutch island of Terschelling, destroying 150 merchant ships, an act later known as "Holmes's Bonfire".

1692 – Salem witch trials: in Salem, Massachusetts, Province of Massachusetts Bay five people, one woman and four men, including a clergyman, are executed after being convicted of witchcraft.

1745 – Prince Charles Edward Stuart raises his standard in Glenfinnan – the start of the Second Jacobite Rebellion, known as "the 45".

1759 – Battle of Lagos Naval battle during the Seven Year's War between Britain and France.

1768 – Saint Isaac's Cathedral is founded in Saint Petersburg, Russia.

1772 – Gustavus III of Sweden stages a Coup d'état, in which he assumes power and enacts a new constitution that divides power between the Riksdag and the King.

1782 – American Revolutionary War: Battle of Blue Licks – the last major engagement of the war, almost ten months after the surrender of the British commander Lord Cornwallis following the Siege of Yorktown.

1812 – War of 1812: American frigate defeats the British frigate off the coast of Nova Scotia, Canada earning her nickname "Old Ironsides".

1813 – Gervasio Antonio de Posadas joins Argentina's Second Triumvirate.

1821 – Greek rebels massacre all the population of Navarino.

1839 – The French government announces that Louis Daguerre's photographic process is a gift "free to the world".

1848 – California Gold Rush: the ''New York Herald'' breaks the news to the East Coast of the United States of the gold rush in California (although the rush started in January).

1861 – First ascent of Weisshorn, fifth highest summit in the Alps.

1862 – Indian Wars: during an uprising in Minnesota, Lakota warriors decide not to attack heavily-defended Fort Ridgely and instead turn to the settlement of New Ulm, killing white settlers along the way.

1895 – American frontier murderer and outlaw, John Wesley Hardin, is killed by an off-duty policeman in a saloon in El Paso, Texas.

1909 – First automobile race at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway takes place.

1919 – Afghanistan gains full independence from the United Kingdom.

1927 – Metropolitan Sergius proclaims the declaration of loyalty of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Soviet Union.

1934 – The first All-American Soap Box Derby is held in Dayton, Ohio.

1934 – The creation of the position Führer is approved by the German electorate with 89.9% of the popular vote.

1940 – First flight of the B-25 Mitchell medium bomber.

1942 – World War II: Operation Jubilee – the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division leads an amphibious assault by allied forces on Dieppe, France and fails, many Canadians are killed or captured. The operation was doomed to fail, and was intended to develop and try new amphibious landing tactics for the coming full invasion in Normandy.

1944 – World War II: Liberation of Paris – Paris rises against German occupation with the help of Allied troops.

1945 – Vietnam War: Viet Minh led by Ho Chi Minh take power in Hanoi, Vietnam.

1953 – Cold War: The CIA and MI6 help to overthrow the government of Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran and reinstate the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.

1955 – In the Northeast United States, severe flooding caused by Hurricane Diane, claims 200 lives.

1960 – Cold War: in Moscow, downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers is sentenced to ten years imprisonment by the Soviet Union for espionage.

1960 – Sputnik program: Sputnik 5 – the Soviet Union launches the satellite with the dogs Belka and Strelka, 40 mice, 2 rats and a variety of plants.

1965 – Japanese prime minister Eisaku Sato becomes the first post-World War II sitting prime minister to visit Okinawa.

1980 – Saudia Flight 163, a Lockheed L-1011 TriStar burns after making an emergency landing at King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, killing 301 people.

1981 – Gulf of Sidra Incident: United States fighters intercept and shoot down two Libyan Sukhoi Su-22 fighter jets over the Gulf of Sidra.

1987 – Hungerford Massacre: in the United Kingdom, Michael Ryan kills sixteen people with an assault rifle and then commits suicide.

1989 – Polish president Wojciech Jaruzelski nominates Solidarity activist Tadeusz Mazowiecki to be the first non-communist Prime Minister in 42 years.

1989 – Raid on offshore pirate station, Radio Caroline in North Sea by British and Dutch governments.

1989 – Several hundred East Germans cross the frontier between Hungary and Austria during the Pan-European Picnic, part of the events which began the process of the Fall of the Berlin Wall.

1991 – dissolution of the Soviet Union, August Coup: Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev is placed under house arrest while on holiday in the town of Foros, Crimea.

1991 – Crown Heights Riot: Black groups target Hasidic Jews on the streets of Crown Heights during 3 days, after 2 black kids were struck by a car driven by a Hasidic man.

1999 – In Belgrade, tens of thousands of Serbians rally to demand the resignation of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia President Slobodan Milošević.

2002 – A Russian Mi-26 helicopter carrying troops is hit by a Chechen missile outside of Grozny, killing 118 soldiers.

2003 – A car-bomb attack on United Nations headquarters in Iraq kills the agency's top envoy Sergio Vieira de Mello and 21 other employees.

2003 – A Hamas planned suicide attack on a bus in Jerusalem kills 23 Israelis, 7 of them children in the Jerusalem bus 2 massacre.

2005 – The first-ever joint military exercise between Russia and China, called Peace Mission 2005 begins.

2005 – A series of strong storms lashes Southern Ontario spawning several tornadoes as well as creating extreme flash flooding within the city of Toronto and its surrounding communities. In Toronto, it is also dubbed as the Toronto Supercell.

2009 – A series of bombings in Baghdad, Iraq, kills 101 and injures 565 others.

2010 – Operation Iraqi Freedom ends, with the last of the United States brigade combat teams crossing the border to Kuwait.

Births[link]

232 – Marcus Aurelius Probus, Roman emperor (d. 282)

1342 – Katharine of Bohemia, Duchess of Bavaria (d. 1395)

1398 – Íñigo López de Mendoza, 1st Marquis of Santillana, Spanish poet (d. 1458)

1557 – Frederick I, Duke of Württemberg (d. 1608)

1570 – Salamone Rossi, Italian Jewish violinist and composer (d. 1630)

1590 – Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, English soldier (d. 1649)

1596 – Elizabeth Stuart, Electress Palatine and Queen of Bohemia (d. 1662)

1621 – Gerbrand van den Eeckhout, Dutch painter (d. 1674)

1631 – John Dryden, English poet (d. 1700)

1646 – John Flamsteed, first English Astronomer Royal (d. 1719)

1686 – Eustace Budgell, English writer (d. 1737)

1689 – Samuel Richardson, English writer (d. 1761)

1711 – Edward Boscawen, British admiral (d. 1761)

1743 – Madame du Barry, French courtesan (d. 1793)

1843 – C.I. Scofield, author of Scofield Reference Bible (d. 1921)

1846 – Luis Martín, Spanish Superior-General of the Society of Jesus (d. 1906)

1848 – Gustave Caillebotte, French Painter (d. 1894)

1849 – Joaquim Nabuco, Brazilian writer, statesman, and abolitionist (d. 1910)

1853 – Aleksei Brusilov, Russian general (d. 1926)

1870 – Bernard Baruch, American financier (d. 1965)

1871 – Orville Wright, American aviation pioneer (d. 1948)

1873 – Fred Stone, American actor (d. 1959)

1875 – Stjepan Seljan, Croatian explorer (d. 1936)

1878 – Manuel L. Quezon, 2nd President of the Philippines (d. 1944)

1881 – George Enescu, Romanian composer (d. 1955)

1883 – José Mendes Cabeçadas, 95th Prime Minister of Portugal and 9th President of Portugal (d. 1965)

1883 – Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel, French clothing designer (d. 1971)

1883 – Elsie Ferguson, American film actress (d. 1961)

1889 – Arthur Waley, English orientalist and sinologist (d. 1966)

1896 – Olga Baclanova, Russian-born actress (d. 1974)

1899 – Charlie Hall, English comedian actor (d. 1959)

1900 – Colleen Moore, American film actress.(d. 1988)

1900 – Gontran de Poncins, French writer and adventurer (d. 1962)

1900 – Gilbert Ryle, British philosopher (d. 1976)

1902 – Ogden Nash, American poet (d. 1971)

1902 – J. B. L. Reyes, Filipino jurist (d. 1994)

1903 – James Gould Cozzens, American novelist (d. 1978)

1903 – Lewis Sargent, American actor d.1970

1906 – Philo Farnsworth, American inventor (d. 1971)

1907 – Thruston B. Morton, American politician (d. 1982)

1907 – Archie League, generally considered the first air traffic controller (d. 1986)

1912 – Austin Dobson, British racing driver (d. 1963)

1913 – Richard Simmons, American actor (d. 2003)

1913 – John Argyris, Greek aeronautical engineer, one of the creators of the Finite Element Method (d. 2004)

1913 – Peter Kemp, English soldier and writer (d. 1993)

1914 – Lajos Baróti, Hungarian footballer (d. 2005)

1915 – Ring Lardner Jr, American journalist and screenwriter (d. 2000)

1915 – Alfred Rouleau, French Canadian businessman and administrator (Desjardins Group) (d. 1985)

1918 – Jimmy Rowles, pianist (d. 1996)

1919 – Malcolm Forbes, American publisher (d. 1990)

1921 – Gene Roddenberry, American television producer (d. 1991)

1925 – Claude Gauvreau, Canadian playwright (d. 1971)

1926 – Arthur Rock, American venture capitalist

1927 – L.Q. Jones, American actor

1928 – Bernard Levin, English journalist, author, and broadcaster (d. 2004)

1928 – Norman Brooks, Canadian singer (d. 2006)

1928 – Walter Massey, Canadian actor

1929 – Ion N. Petrovici, German neurologist

1930 – Frank McCourt, Irish-American author (d. 2009)

1931 – Willie Shoemaker, American jockey (d. 2003)

1932 – Thomas P. Salmon, 75th Governor of Vermont

1934 – David Durenberger, American Senator

1934 – Renée Richards, American physician

1935 – Bobby Richardson, American baseball player

1935 – Zahir Raihan, Bangladeshi writer and filmmaker

1938 – Diana Muldaur, American actress

1939 – Ginger Baker, English musician (Cream)

1940 – Johnny Nash, American singer-songwriter

1940 – Jill St. John, American actress

1941 – Mihalis Papagiannakis, Greek politician (d. 2009)

1942 – Fred Thompson, American politician and actor

1943 – Billy J. Kramer, British singer

1944 – Jack Canfield, American author and speaker

1944 – Buzz Kilman, Chicago radio personality

1944 – Bodil Malmsten, Swedish writer

1944 – Charles Wang, Chinese-born philanthropist

1944 – Eddy Raven, American country music artist

1945 – Ian Gillan, English singer (Deep Purple)

1945 – Charles Wellesley, Marquess of Douro, English heir of the 8th Duke of Wellington

1945 – Sandro de América, Argentine singer & actor (d. 2010)

1946 – Bill Clinton, 42nd President of the United States

1946 – Beat Raaflaub, Swiss conductor

1946 – Dawn Steel, American film producer (d. 1997)

1947 – Dave Dutton, English actor

1947 – Terry Hoeppner, American football coach (d. 2007)

1947 – Gerard Schwarz, American conductor

1948 – Gerald McRaney, American actor

1948 – Tipper Gore, Second Lady of the United States

1950 – Jennie Bond, British journalist

1950 – Sudha Murthy, Indian social worker and writer

1950 – Graeme Beard, Australian cricketer

1951 – John Deacon, English musician (Queen)

1951 – Gustavo Santaolalla, Argentine film composer

1951 – Lillian Müller, Norwegian model and actress

1952 – Jonathan Frakes, American actor and director

1953 – Lynwood Slim, American blues musician

1953 – Mary Matalin, American political consultant

1953 – Nanni Moretti, Italian film actor, director and producer

1954 – Oscar Larrauri, Argentine racing driver

1955 – Peter Gallagher, American actor, musician and writer

1955 – Ned Yost, American baseball player and manager

1956 – Adam Arkin, American actor

1956 – José Rubén Zamora, Guatemalan journalist

1957 – Li-Young Lee, Indonesia-born American poet

1957 – Martin Donovan, American actor

1957 – Christine Soetewey, Belgian high jumper

1957 – Ian Gould, England cricketer

1957 – Paul-Jan Bakker, Netherland cricketer

1958 – Anthony Muñoz, American football player

1958 – Gary Gaetti, American baseball player

1958 – Brendan Nelson, Australian politician

1959 – Ricky Pierce, American basketball player

1959 – Susan Cummings, Monegasque-born American heiress and convicted murderer

1960 – Morten Andersen, American football player

1960 – Ron Darling, American baseball player and announcer

1961 – Jonathan Coe, British author

1962 – Tammy Bruce, American political commentator

1962 – Valérie Kaprisky, French actress

1962 – Toll Yagami, Japanese drummer (BUCK-TICK)

1963 – John Stamos, American actor

1963 – Yip Sai Wing, Hong Kong musician (Beyond)

1963 – Joey Tempest, Swedish singer (Europe)

1965 – Kyra Sedgwick, American actress

1965 – Kevin Dillon, American actor

1965 – Maria de Medeiros, Portuguese actress and director

1966 – Lilian Garcia, wrestling announcer

1966 – Lee Ann Womack, American musician

1968 – Nikolaos Kaklamanakis, Greek windsurfer

1968 – Mark McGuinn, country music singer

1969 – Nate Dogg, American rapper (d. 2011)

1969 – Kirk Herbstreit, American football analyst (College GameDay)

1969 – Emigdio Preciado, Hispanic fugitive on FBI's Most Wanted list

1969 – Paula Jai Parker, American actress

1969 – Matthew Perry, American actor

1969 – Kazuyoshi Tatsunami, Japanese baseball player

1969 – Patrick Van Horn, American actor

1969 – Clay Walker, American singer

1970 – Fat Joe, American rapper

1970 – Jeff Tam, American baseball player

1971 – João Vieira Pinto, Portuguese football player

1971 – Mary Jo Fernandez, Tennis player

1972 – Roberto Abbondanzieri, Argentine footballer

1972 – Sammi Cheng Sau Man, Hong Kong singer and actress

1972 – Chihiro Yonekura, Japanese singer

1972 – Jamie Zubairi, British Malaysian actor and painter

1972 – Elizabeth Wolfgramm, American singer (The Jets)

1973 – Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway

1973 – Callum Blue, British actor

1973 – Marco Materazzi, Italian footballer

1973 – Carl Bulfin, New Zealand cricketer

1974 – Tim Kasher, American musician, Cursive and The Good Life

1975 – Chynna Clugston, American comic book creator

1975 – Tracie Thoms, American actress

1975 – Marco Coti Zelati, Italian bassist (Lacuna Coil)

1977 – Iban Mayo, Spanish cyclist

1977 – Takahiro Yamada, Japanese bassist (Asian Kung-Fu Generation)

1978 – Chris Capuano, American baseball player

1979 – Dave Douglas, American musician (Relient K, Gypsy Parade, Attack Cat)

1979 – Oumar Kondé, Swiss footballer

1980 – Jun Jin, Korean rapper (Shinhwa)

1980 – Houcine Camara, French singer

1980 – Darius Danesh, Scottish singer-songwriter & actor

1980 – Paul Parry, Welsh footballer

1980 – Michael Todd, American musician (Coheed and Cambria)

1980 – Russell Kane (Comedian)

1982 – Erika Christensen, American actress

1982 – J. J. Hardy, American baseball player

1982 – Kevin Rans, Belgian pole vaulter

1982 – Willy Denzey, French singer

1983 – Missy Higgins, Australian singer-songwriter

1983 – John McCargo, American football player

1983 – Tammin Sursok, Australian actress & singer

1983 – Mike Conway, British racing driver

1984 – Micah Alberti, American actor

1984 – Simon Bird, English actor and comedian

1984 – Alessandro Matri, Italian footballer

1984 – Ryan Taylor, English footballer

1985 – Megan Rochell, American singer

1986 – Sotiris Balafas, Greek footballer

1986 – Saori Kimura, Japanese volleyball player

1987 – Nico Hülkenberg, German racing driver

1987 – Anaïs Lameche, Swedish singer (Play)

1987 – Richard Stearman, English footballer

1988 – Travis Tedford, American actor

1989 – Romeo Miller, American rapper and basketball player

1998 – Ella Guevara, Filipino actress

2004 – Xyriel Manabat, Filipino actress

Deaths[link]

14 – Augustus, Roman Emperor (b. 63 BC)

1186 – Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany (b. 1158)

1245 – Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence (b. 1195)

1284 – Alphonso, Earl of Chester, son of Edward I of England (b. 1273)

1297 – Saint Louis of Toulouse, French Catholic bishop (b. 1274)

1493 – Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1415)

1580 – Andrea Palladio, Italian architect (b. 1508)

1646 – Alexander Henderson, Scottish theologian

1662 – Blaise Pascal, French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher (b. 1623)

1680 – Jean Eudes, French catholic priest, founder of the Eudists (b. 1601)

1692 – John Proctor, Salem farmer and tavern keeper (b.1632)

1753 – Johann Balthasar Neumann, German architect (b. 1687)

1808 – Fredrik Henrik af Chapman, Swedish naval architect and vice admiral (b. 1721)

1822 – Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre, French mathematician (b. 1749)

1883 – Jeremiah S. Black, American statesman (b. 1810)

1889 – Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam, French writer (b. 1838)

1895 – John Wesley Hardin, American gunfighter (b. 1853)

1900 – Jean-Baptiste Accolay, Belgian composer (b. 1833)

1914 – Franz Xavier Wernz, German Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. 1844)

1923 – Vilfredo Pareto, Italian sociologist and economist (b. 1845)

1928 – Stephanos Skouloudis, Greek banker, diplomat and Prime Minister (b. 1838)

1929 – Sergei Diaghilev, Russian ballet impresario (b. 1872)

1936 – Federico García Lorca, Spanish author (b. 1898)

1936 – Hugh Patrick Lygon, English aristocrat (b. 1904)

1944 – Günther von Kluge, German field marshal (b. 1882)

1945 – Tomas Burgos, Chilean philanthropist (b. 1875)

1950 – Giovanni Giorgi, Italian physicist (b. 1871)

1954 – Alcide De Gasperi, Prime Minister of Italy (b. 1881)

1957 – David Bomberg, English painter (b. 1890)

1957 – Carl-Gustaf Rossby, Swedish meteorologist (b. 1898)

1959 – Jacob Epstein, American-born sculptor (b. 1880)

1959 – Blind Willie McTell, American blues singer, songwriter, and guitarist (b. 1901)

1963 – Kathleen Parlow, Canadian violinist (b. 1890)

1967 – Hugo Gernsback, Luxembourg-born editor and publisher (b. 1884)

1967 – Isaac Deutscher, British Marxist historian (b. 1907)

1968 – George Gamow, Ukrainian-born physicist (b. 1904)

1970 – Paweł Jasienica, Polish historian (b. 1909)

1975 – Mark Donohue, American race car driver and engineer (b. 1937)

1975 – Jim Londos, Greek wrestler (b. 1897)

1976 – Alastair Sim, Scottish actor and rector of Edinburgh University (b. 1900)

1976 – Ken Wadsworth, New Zealand cricketer (b. 1946)

1977 – Peter Dyneley, British actor (b. 1921)

1977 – Groucho Marx, American comedian and actor (b. 1890)

1979 – Dorsey Burnette, American singer (b. 1932)

1979 – Joel Teitelbaum, Great Rebbi and Talmudic scholar (b. 1887)

1980 – Otto Frank, father of Anne Frank (b. 1889)

1981 – Jessie Matthews, English actress (b. 1907)

1982 – August Neo, Estonian wrestler (b. 1908)

1986 – Hermione Baddeley, English actress (b. 1906)

1994 – Linus Pauling, American chemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and Peace (b. 1901)

1995 – Pierre Schaeffer, French composer (b. 1910)

2000 – Bineshwar Brahma, Bodo littérateur and religious figure (b. 1948)

2000 – Antonio Pugliese, Italian professional wrestler (b. 1941)

2000 – Theodore Trautwein, American judge (b. 1920)

2001 – Betty Everett, American singer and pianist (b. 1939)

2001 – Donald Woods, South African journalist and anti-apartheid activist (b. 1933)

2003 – Carlos Roberto Reina, President of Honduras (b. 1926)

2003 – Sérgio Vieira de Mello, Brazilian diplomat (b. 1948)

2005 – Bueno de Mesquita, Dutch comedian and actor (b. 1918)

2005 – Mo Mowlam, British politician (b. 1949)

2008 – LeRoi Moore, American musician (Dave Matthews Band) (b. 1961)

2008 – Levy Mwanawasa, Zambian politician (b. 1948)

2009 – Don Hewitt, television news producer & director; creator of 60 Minutes (b. 1922)

2010 – Skandor Akbar, American wrestler (b. 1934)

2011 – Gun Hägglund, Swedish news presenter (b. 1932)

2011 – Raúl Ruiz, Chilean filmmaker (b. 1941)

Holidays and observances[link]

Christian Feast Day:

*Feast of the Transfiguration (Julian Calendar), and its related observances:

**Buhe (Ethiopian Orthodox Church)

**Saviour's Transfiguration, popularly known as the "Apples Feast". (Russian Orthodox Church and Georgian Orthodox Church)

*Jean-Eudes de Mézeray

*Louis of Toulouse

*Magnus of Anagni

*Magnus of Avignon

*Sebaldus

*August 19 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Independence Day, commemorates the Treaty of Rawalpindi in 1919, granting independence from Britain. (Afghanistan)

Manuel Luis Quezón Day (Quezon City and other places in The Philippines named after Manuel L. Quezon)

National Aviation Day (United States)

Vinalia Rustica (Roman Empire)

World Humanitarian Day (International)

External links[link]

BBC: On This Day

On This Day in Canada

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Category:Days of the year Category:August

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name	Bobby McFerrin
background	solo_singer
birth name	Robert McFerrin, Jr
born	March 11, 1950 Manhattan, New York
instrument	Vocals, piano, bass guitar, clarinet
genre	Jazz, Reggae, World Music, Classical Music
occupation	MusicianSongwriterConductorArrangerProducer
years active	1977–present
label	Manhattan RecordsBlue Note RecordsElektra RecordsSony Classical
associated acts	Chick CoreaHerbie Hancock
website	http://www.bobbymcferrin.com }}

Robert "Bobby" McFerrin, Jr. (born March 11, 1950) is a virtuoso American vocalist and conductor. He is best known for his 1988 hit song "Don't Worry, Be Happy". He is a ten-time Grammy Award winner. He is well known for his unique vocal techniques and singing styles.

Life[link]

Bobby McFerrin was born in Manhattan, New York City, the son of operatic baritone Robert McFerrin and singer Sara Copper. Robert Sr. was the first African American to be a regular with New York's Metropolitan Opera. Sara is a former soloist with regional opera companies and in Broadway shows, and is a professor emeritus of music at Fullerton College in Fullerton, California.

Bobby McFerrin married Debbie Green in 1975. They have three children.

McFerrin's song "Don't Worry, Be Happy" was a No. 1 U.S. pop hit in 1988 and won Song of the Year and Record of the Year honors. McFerrin has also worked in collaboration with instrumental performers, including pianists Chick Corea, Herbie Hancock, and Joe Zawinul, drummer Tony Williams, and cellist Yo-Yo Ma.

Vocal technique [link]

As a vocalist, McFerrin often switches rapidly between modal and falsetto registers to create polyphonic effects, performing both the main melody and the accompanying parts of songs. He makes use of percussive effects created both with his mouth and by tapping on his chest. McFerrin is also capable of multiphonic singing, as observed in his song "Drive" from the 2005 DVD ''Live in Montreal''.

A notable document of McFerrin's approach to singing is his 1984 album ''The Voice'', the first solo vocal jazz album recorded with no accompaniment or overdubbing.

Career[link]

In 1986, McFerrin was the voice of Santa Bear in ''Santa Bear's First Christmas'', and in 1987 he was the voice of Santa Bear/Bully Bear in the sequel ''Santa Bear's High Flying Adventure''. That same year, he performed the theme song for the opening credits of Season 4 of ''The Cosby Show'', as well as the music for a Cadbury chocolate commercial.

In 1988, McFerrin recorded the hit song "Don't Worry, Be Happy", which brought him widespread recognition across the world. However, the song's success "ended McFerrin's musical life as he had known it," and he began to pursue other musical possibilities – on stage and in recording studios. The song was used in George H. W. Bush's 1988 U.S. presidential election as Bush's 1988 official presidential campaign song, without Bobby McFerrin's permission or endorsement. In reaction, Bobby McFerrin publicly protested that particular use of his song, including stating that he was going to vote against Bush, and completely dropped the song from his own performance repertoire, to make the point even clearer.

In 1989, he composed and performed the music for the Pixar short film ''Knick Knack''. The rough cut to which McFerrin recorded his vocals had the words "blah blah blah" in place of the end credits (meant to indicate that he should improvise). McFerrin spontaneously decided to sing "blah blah blah" as lyrics, and the final version of the short film includes these lyrics during the end credits. Also in 1989, he formed a ten-person "Voicestra" which he featured on both his 1990 album ''Medicine Music'' and in the score to the 1989 Oscar-winning documentary ''Common Threads: Stories from the Quilt''. The song "Common Threads" has frequently reappeared in some public service advertisements about AIDS. McFerrin also performed with the Vocal Summit.

As early as 1992, widespread rumors circulated that falsely claimed McFerrin committed suicide. The rumors intentionally made fun of the distinctly positive nature of his popular song "Don't Worry, Be Happy" by claiming McFerrin ironically took his own life.

In 1993, McFerrin sang Henry Mancini's "Pink Panther" theme for the movie ''Son of the Pink Panther''.

In addition to his vocal performing career, in 1994, Mr. McFerrin was appointed as creative chair of the Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra. He makes regular tours as a guest conductor for symphony orchestras throughout the United States and Canada, including the San Francisco Symphony (on his 40th birthday), the New York Philharmonic, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the Cleveland Orchestra, the Israel Philharmonic Orchestra the Philadelphia Orchestra, the Los Angeles Philharmonic, the London Philharmonic, the Vienna Philharmonic and many others. In McFerrin's concert appearances, he combines serious conducting of classical pieces with his own unique vocal improvisations, often with participation from the audience and the orchestra. For example, the concerts often end with McFerrin conducting the orchestra in an a cappella rendition of the "William Tell Overture," in which the orchestra members sing their musical parts in McFerrin's vocal style instead of playing their parts on their instruments. For a few years in the late 1990s, he toured a concert version of ''Porgy and Bess'', partly in honor of his father, who sang the role for Sidney Poitier in the 1959 ''film version'', and partly "to preserve the score's jazziness" in the face of "largely white orchestras" who tend not "to play around the bar lines, to stretch and bend". McFerrin says that because of his father's work in the movie, "This music has been in my body for 40 years, probably longer than any other music."

McFerrin also participates in various music education programs and makes volunteer appearances as a guest music teacher and lecturer at public schools throughout the U.S. McFerrin has collaborated with his son, Taylor, on various musical ventures. Taylor has recently been singing, rapping, and playing minimal keyboard accompaniment with Vernon Reid (leader-guitarist of Living Colour) in the eclectic metal-fusion-funk group Yohimbe Brothers.

In 2009, McFerrin and musician-scientist Daniel Levitin served as co-hosts of ''The Music Instinct'', a two-hour award-winning documentary produced by PBS and based on Levitin's best-selling book ''This Is Your Brain On Music''. Later that year, the two appeared together on a panel at the World Science Festival, where McFerrin demonstrated audience participation with the ubiquitous nature of human understanding of the pentatonic scale by singing and dancing, and having the audience sing while following his movements.

In October 2010, Bobby McFerrin appeared on NPR's news quiz show ''Wait, Wait...Don't Tell Me''.

Discography[link]

As leader[link]

''Bobby McFerrin'' (1982)

''The Voice'' (1984)

''Spontaneous Inventions'' (1987)

''Elephant's Child'' (1987)

''Simple Pleasures'' (1988)

''Don't Worry, Be Happy'' (1988)

''How the Rhino Got His Skin/How the Camel Got His Hump'' (1990)

''Medicine Music'' (1990)

''Play'', with Chick Corea, 1992

''Hush'', with Yo-Yo Ma, 1992

''Many Faces of Bird'' (1991)

"The Siamese Cat Song" on ''Simply Mad About the Mouse'' (1991)

''Sorrow Is Not Forever'' (1994)

''Paper Music'' (1995, Doick with the St. Paul Chamber orchestra)

''Bang! Zoom'' (1996)

''The Mozart Sessions'', with Chick Corea, 1996

''Circlesongs'' (1997)

''Mouth Music'' (2001)

''Beyond Words'' (2002) – featuring Chick Corea, Cyro Baptista and Richard Bona

''Konzert für Europa -The Schönbrunn Concert'' (2004)

''VOCAbuLarieS'' (2010)

As sideman[link]

Pharoah Sanders, ''Journey to the One'', 1980

Grover Washington, Jr., ''The Best Is Yet to Come'', 1982

Various Artists, ''The Young Lions'', 1983

Charles Lloyd Quartet, ''A Night in Copenhagen'' (Blue Note, 1984)

Various Artists, ''A Tribute to Thelonius Monk'', 1984

Chico Freeman, ''Tangents'', 1984

Michael Hedges, ''Watching My Life Go By'', 1985

The Manhattan Transfer, ''Vocalese'', 1985

Joe Zawinul, ''Di•a•lects'', 1986

Weather Report, ''Sportin' Life'', 1985

Al Jarreau, ''Heart’s Horizon'', 1988

Quincy Jones, ''Back on the Block'', 1989

Laurie Anderson, ''Strange Angels'', 1989

Gal Costa, ''The Laziest Gal in Town'', 1991

Dizzy Gillespie, ''Bird Songs: The Final Recordings'' (Telarc, 1992), ''To Bird with Love'' (Telarc, 1992)

Jack DeJohnette, ''Extra Special Edition'' (Blue Note, 1994)

Yellowjackets, ''Dreamland'', 1995

George Martin, ''In My Life'', 1998 – on "Come Together" with Robin Williams

En Vogue, Masterpiece Theatre, 2000

Bela Fleck and the Flecktones, ''Little Worlds'', 2003

Chick Corea, ''Rendezvous in New York'', 2003

Wynton Marsalis, ''The Magic Hour'', 2004

size2shoes, 2006 (free track)

Grammys[link]

1985, Best Jazz Vocal Performance, male, "Another Night In Tunisia" with Jon Hendricks

1985, Best Vocal Arrangement for two or more voices, "Another Night In Tunisia" with Cheryl Bentyne

1986, Best Jazz Vocal Performance, male, "Round Midnight"

1987, Best Jazz Vocal Performance, male, "What Is This Thing Called Love"

1987, Best Recording for Children, "The Elephant's Child" with Jack Nicholson

1988, Song of the year, Best Pop Vocal Performance, male, Record of the year, "Don't Worry, Be Happy"

1988, Best Jazz Vocal Performance, male, "Brothers"

1992, Best Jazz Vocal Performance, "Round Midnight"

References[link]

External links[link]

Bobby McFerrin

Category:1950 births Category:Living people Category:African American musicians Category:American conductors (music) Category:American jazz singers Category:California State University, Sacramento alumni Category:Musicians from New York City Category:Grammy Award winners

be:Бобі Макферын bg:Боби Макферин cs:Bobby McFerrin da:Bobby McFerrin de:Bobby McFerrin es:Bobby McFerrin eo:Bobby McFerrin fa:بابی مک‌فرین fr:Bobby McFerrin ko:바비 맥퍼린 it:Bobby McFerrin he:בובי מקפרין hu:Bobby McFerrin nl:Bobby McFerrin nds-nl:Bobby McFerrin ja:ボビー・マクファーリン no:Bobby McFerrin pl:Bobby McFerrin pt:Bobby McFerrin ru:Макферрин, Бобби simple:Bobby McFerrin sk:Bobby McFerrin sl:Bobby McFerrin fi:Bobby McFerrin sv:Bobby McFerrin uk:Боббі Макферрін

fullname	Taarak Mehta
Occupation	columnist, humorist,writer }}

Tarak Mehta (born 1930) is an Indian columnist, humorist, writer and playwright. best known for the column ''Duniya Na Undha Chasma'' in Gujarati Language. He has translated and adapted several comedies into Gujarati, and has been well-known figure in the Gujarati theatre.

The humorous weekly column first appeared in Chitralekha in March 1971 and ever since has been looking at contemporary issues from a different perspective. He has published 80 books, over the years, three books are based on the columns he wrote in Gujarati newspaper, ''Divya Bhaskar'' while rest were compiled from the stories in ''Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah''.

In 2008 SAB TV, a popular entertainment channel in India, started a show ''Taarak Mehta Ka Ooltah Chashmah'' that is based on his column., and soon it became the flagship show of the channel.

Personal life[link]

He stays in Ahmedabad, Gujarat, where he moved in year 2000, with second wife, Indu of over 30 years, His first wife, Ila who later married Manohar Doshi, (died 2006), also stayed in the same apartment building. He has daughter from his first marriage, Ishani, who stays in US, and has two children, Kushan and Shaili.

Bibliography[link]

Duniya ne Oondha Chashmah

Aa Duniya Panjarapole

Action Reply ½

Albelun America Vanthelun America

Bagicha Ni Hadvi Havama

Bahero Hase Be Vay...!

Champaklal Tapuni Jugalbandhi

Betaj Batali Baj Popatlal Taraj

Taarak mehta ka oolta chashmah

References [link]

http://www.glamsham.com/dramas/features/tarak_mehta.pdf - contains a lot of information about Tarak Mehta

Category:Living people Category:1930 births Category:Indian columnists Category:Gujarati-language writers Category:Indian humorists Category:People from Ahmedabad Category:Indian translators

#REDIRECTBruno Mars

name	The Edge
background	solo_singer
birth name	David Howell Evans
birth date	August 08, 1961
Birth place	Barking, Essex, England, United Kingdom
origin	County Dublin, Ireland
instrument	Guitar, vocals, keyboards, piano, bass guitar
genre	Rock, post-punk, alternative rock
occupation	Musician, songwriter, activist
years active	1976–present
label	Island, Mercury
associated acts	U2, Passengers
website
notable instruments	Gibson ExplorerFender StratocasterGibson Les PaulFender TelecasterGretsch Country GentlemanGretsch White FalconRickenbacker 330/12 }}

David Howell Evans (born 8 August 1961), more widely known by his stage name The Edge (or just Edge), is a musician best known as the guitarist, backing vocalist, and keyboardist of the Irish rock band U2. A member of the group since its inception, he has recorded 12 studio albums with the band and has released one solo record. As a guitarist, The Edge has crafted a minimalistic and textural style of playing. His use of a rhythmic delay effect yields a distinctive ambient, chiming sound that has become a signature of U2's music.

The Edge was born in England to a Welsh family, but was raised in Ireland after moving there as an infant. In 1976, at Mount Temple Comprehensive School, he formed U2 with his fellow students and his older brother Dik. Inspired by the ethos of punk rock and its basic arrangements, the group began to write its own material. They eventually became one of the most popular acts in popular music, with successful albums such as 1987's ''The Joshua Tree'' and 1991's ''Achtung Baby''. Over the years, The Edge has experimented with various guitar effects and introduced influences from several genres of music into his own style, including American roots music, industrial music, and alternative rock. With U2, The Edge has also played keyboards, co-produced their 1993 record ''Zooropa'', and occasionally contributed lyrics. The Edge met his second and current wife, Morleigh Steinberg, through her collaborations with the band.

As a member of U2 and as an individual, The Edge has campaigned for human rights and philanthropic causes. He co-founded Music Rising, a charity to support musicians affected by Hurricane Katrina. He has collaborated with U2 bandmate Bono on several projects, including songs for Roy Orbison and Tina Turner, and the soundtracks to the musical ''Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark'' and the Royal Shakespeare Company's London stage adaptation of ''A Clockwork Orange''. In 2011, ''Rolling Stone'' magazine placed him at number 38 on its list of "The 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".

Personal life[link]

David Howell Evans was born at the Barking Maternity Hospital, Essex, England to Welsh parents Garvin and Gwenda Evans. When he was one, his family moved to County Dublin, Ireland where he attended St Andrew's National School. He received piano and guitar lessons and often performed with his brother Dik Evans before they both answered an advertisement posted by Larry Mullen, Jr. at their school, Mount Temple Comprehensive School, seeking musicians to form a band. The band accepted both of them. This band went through several incarnations before emerging as U2 in March 1978 (Dik Evans left the band just before the name change). U2 began performing in various venues in Ireland and eventually began developing a following. Their debut album, ''Boy'', was released in 1980.

In 1981, leading up to the October tour, Evans came very close to leaving U2 for religious reasons, but he decided to stay. During this period, he became involved with a group called Shalom Tigers, in which bandmates Bono and Larry Mullen Jr. were also involved. Shortly after deciding to remain with the band, he wrote a piece of music that later became "Sunday Bloody Sunday". The Edge married his high school girlfriend Aislinn O'Sullivan on 12 July 1983. The couple had three daughters together: Hollie in 1984, Arran in 1985 and Blue Angel in 1989. The couple separated in 1990, but were unable to get officially divorced because of Irish laws regarding marriage annulment; divorce was legalised in 1995 and the couple were legally divorced in 1996.

In 1993, The Edge began dating Morleigh Steinberg, a professional dancer and choreographer employed by the band as a belly dancer during the Zoo TV Tour. They had a daughter, Sian (born 1997), and a son, Levi (born 25 October 1999), before marrying on 22 June 2002. He appeared in the 2009 music documentary film ''It Might Get Loud''. The Edge has been criticized for his efforts to build five luxury mansions on a 156 acre plot of land in Malibu, California. The California Coastal Commission voted 8-4 against the plans, with the project described by the commission's executive director, Peter Douglas, as "In 38 years...one of the three worst projects that I've seen in terms of environmental devastation...It's a contradiction in terms – you can't be serious about being an environmentalist and pick this location." The Santa Monica Mountains Conservancy agreed to remain neutral on the issue following a $1 million donation from The Edge and a commitment from The Edge to designate 100 acres of the land as open space for public footpaths.

Music style[link]

Guitar playing [link]

As a guitar player, The Edge has a sound typified by a low-key playing style, a chiming, shimmering sound (thanks in part to the sound of VOX AC-30s) that he achieves with extensive use of delay effects and reverb. The feedback delay is often set to a dotted eighth note (3/16 of a measure), and the feedback gain is adjusted until a note played repeats two or three times.

On 1987's ''The Joshua Tree'', The Edge often contributes just a few simple lead lines given depth and richness by an ever-present delay. For example, the introduction to "Where the Streets Have No Name" is simply a repeated six-note arpeggio, broadened by a modulated delay effect. The Edge has said that he views musical notes as "expensive", in that he prefers to play as few notes as possible. He said in 1982 of his style,

"I like a nice ringing sound on guitar, and most of my chords I find two strings and make them ring the same note, so it's almost like a 12-string sound. So for E I might play a B, E, E and B and make it ring. It works very well with the Gibson Explorer. It's funny because the bass end of the Explorer was so awful that I used to stay away from the low strings, and a lot of the chords I played were very trebly, on the first four, or even three strings. I discovered that through using this one area of the fretboard I was developing a very stylized way of doing something that someone else would play in a normal way."

Many different influences have shaped The Edge's guitar technique. His first guitar was an old acoustic guitar that his mother bought him at a local flea market for only a few pounds; he was nine at the time. He and his brother Dik Evans both experimented with this instrument. He said in 1982 of this early experimentation, "I suppose the first link in the chain was a visit to the local jumble sale where I purchased a guitar for a pound. That was my first instrument. It was an acoustic guitar and me and my elder brother Dik both played it, plonking away, all very rudimentary stuff, open chords and all that." The Edge has stated that many of his guitar parts are based around guitar effects. This is especially true from the ''Achtung Baby'' era onwards, although much of the band's 1980s material made heavy use of echos.

Vocals [link]

The Edge also supplies the backing vocals for U2. U2's 1983 live album and video release, ''Under a Blood Red Sky'' and ''Live at Red Rocks: Under a Blood Red Sky'' are good reference points for his singing (as are the live DVDs from the Elevation Tour, ''U2 Go Home: Live from Slane Castle'' and ''Elevation 2001: Live from Boston''). For example, he sings the chorus to "Sunday Bloody Sunday" (Bono harmonizes on the final 'Sunday'). U2 used this tradeoff technique later in "Bullet the Blue Sky" as well. His backing vocals are sometimes in the form of a repeated cry; examples of songs that use this approach include "Beautiful Day", "New Year's Day" and "Stay (Faraway, So Close!)". Another technique he uses in his backing vocals is the falsetto, in songs such as "Stuck in a Moment You Can't Get Out Of", "Sometimes You Can't Make It on Your Own", "A Man and a Woman", "The Wanderer", live versions of "The Fly", and "Window in the Skies".

The Edge sings the lead vocal on "Van Diemen's Land" and "Numb", the first half of the song "Seconds", dual vocals with Bono in "Discotheque", and the bridge in the song "Miracle Drug". He also sings the occasional lead vocal in live renditions of other songs (such as "Sunday Bloody Sunday" during the PopMart Tour and "Party Girl" during the Rotterdam Zoo TV show when it was Bono's birthday). He also plays a solo acoustic version of the song "Love is Blindness" that is featured in the documentary film ''From the Sky Down''.

Other instruments [link]

He has played piano and keyboards on many of the band's songs, including "I Fall Down", "October", "So Cruel", "New Year's Day", "Running to Stand Still", "Miss Sarajevo", "The Hands that Built America", and "Original of the Species" and others. He plays the organ on "Please". In live versions of "New Year's Day", "The Unforgettable Fire", "Your Blue Room", and "Moment of Surrender", he plays both the piano and guitar parts alternately. In most live versions of "Original of the Species," piano is the only instrument played during the song. Although The Edge is the band's lead guitarist, he occasionally plays bass guitar, including the live performances of the song "40" where The Edge and bassist Adam Clayton switch instruments.

Solo recordings[link]

In addition to his regular role within U2, The Edge has also recorded with such artists as Johnny Cash, B. B. King, Tina Turner, Ronnie Wood, Jay-Z, and Rihanna. The Edge connected with Brian Eno and Lanois collaborator Michael Brook (the creator of the infinite guitar, which he regularly uses), working with him on the score to the film ''Captive'' (1986). From this soundtrack the song "Heroine", the vocal of which was sung by a young Sinéad O'Connor was released as a single.

He also created the theme song for season one and two of ''The Batman''. He and fellow U2 member, Bono, wrote the lyrics to the theme of the 1995 James Bond film ''GoldenEye''. The Edge, along with bandmate Bono, recently composed a musical adaptation of Spider-Man. On May 25, 2011, a single titled ''Rise Above 1: Reeve Carney Featuring Bono and The Edge'' was released digitally. The music video was released on July 28, 2011.

Musical equipment[link]

The Edge plays electric guitar, acoustic guitar, keyboards, piano, bass guitar (on "40" and "Race Against Time") and lap steel guitar. Compared to many lead guitarists, The Edge is known for using many more guitars during a show. According to his guitar tech Dallas Schoo, a typical lead guitarist uses four or five different guitars in one night, whereas The Edge takes 45 on the road, and uses 17 to 19 in one 2.5-hour concert. He is estimated to have more than 200 guitars in the studio.

Philanthropy[link]

In 2005, The Edge along with Bob Ezrin and Henry Juszkiewicz co-founded Music Rising, a charity that helped provide replacement instruments for those that were lost in Hurricane Katrina. The instruments were originally only replaced for professional musicians but they soon realized the community churches and schools needed instruments as well. The charity's slogan is "Rebuilding the Gulf Region note by note" and has so far helped over a hundred musicians who were affected by Hurricane Katrina. The Edge also serves on the board of the Angiogenesis Foundation, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization dedicated to improving global health by advancing angiogenesis-based medicine, diets, and lifestyle.

See also[link]

Timeline of U2

List of people on stamps of Ireland

References[link]

;Footnotes

;Bibliography

External links[link]

U2.com, official U2 site

Music Rising

The Edge – Album Credits

A Study of The Edge's Guitar Delay

The Edge: 'It's all about the vision'

Food Bank For New York City public service announcement

Comment on the mathematical analysis of The Edge's guitar sound

Category:Irish male singers Category:Irish rock guitarists Category:British male singers Category:British rock guitarists Category:Irish people of Welsh descent Category:People from County Dublin Category:People from Essex Category:People from Dalkey Category:Lead guitarists Category:Slide guitarists Category:Ivor Novello Award winners Category:Golden Globe Award winning musicians Category:Backing vocalists Category:U2 members Category:1961 births Category:Living people Category:Pseudonymous musicians Category:Rock songwriters

bg:Дейв "Едж" Евънс ca:The Edge cs:The Edge da:The Edge de:The Edge et:The Edge es:The Edge eu:The Edge fr:The Edge ga:The Edge gl:The Edge hr:The Edge is:The Edge it:The Edge he:דה אדג' ka:The Edge lv:The Edge lt:The Edge hu:The Edge nl:The Edge (U2) ja:ジ・エッジ no:The Edge pl:The Edge pt:The Edge ro:The Edge ru:Эдж sq:The Edge simple:The Edge sl:David Howell Evans fi:The Edge (muusikko) sv:The Edge tr:The Edge uk:Едж zh:The Edge