Simon Reynolds (born June 19, 1963 in London, England; raised in Hertfordshire) is an English music critic who is well known for his writings on electronic dance music and for coining the term "post-rock". Besides electronic dance music, Reynolds has written about a wide range of artists and musical genres, and has written books on post-punk and rock. He has contributed to ''Melody Maker'' (where he first made his name), ''The New York Times'', ''Village Voice'', ''Spin'', ''The Guardian'', ''Rolling Stone'', ''The Observer'', ''Artforum'', ''New Statesman'', ''The Wire'', ''Mojo'', ''Uncut'', and others. He currently resides in the East Village in New York City, USA with his wife, Joy Press, and their children, Kieran and Tasmine.

History and career[link]

Reynolds' first experience writing about music was with ''Monitor'', a fanzine he helped to found in 1984 while he was studying history at Oxford. The publication only lasted for six issues. When it was discontinued in 1986, Reynolds was already making his name writing for ''Melody Maker'', one of the three major British music magazines of the time (the other two being the ''New Musical Express'' and ''Sounds''). His early ''Melody Maker'' writings often contained strong criticisms of the concept of "soul" (then being heavily promoted by the ''NME''), and of the somewhat earnest politicisation associated with the Red Wedge movement. He has since stated that his apparent de-politicisation at the time was mainly a result of his sheer despair at Thatcherism and desire to escape - into a parallel world which was, as in the title of his first book, "blissed out". He also wrote a number of articles analysing what has since become known as twee pop from a somewhat sociological perspective, seeing in it a desire to escape the dominant 1980s values of commercialism and Americanisation and to return to a perceived innocent past.

In 1990, Reynolds left ''Melody Maker'' (although he would continue to contribute to the magazine until 1996) and went freelance, splitting his time between London and New York. The same year, he published ''Blissed Out: Raptures of Rock'', a collection of his writings from the 1980s. Until his switch to freelance writing, Reynolds had focused mainly on rock, punk rock, post-punk, and pop. But in the early 1990s, he became involved in rave culture and the electronic dance music scene. He began writing about electronic music and became one of the foremost music critics of electronic dance music.

In 1994, Reynolds moved permanently to the East Village in Manhattan. In 1995, he co-authored ''The Sex Revolts: Gender, Rebellion and Rock'N'Roll'' with his wife, Joy Press. ''Sex Revolts'' is one of the major reasons why Reynolds has gained a reputation for the discussion of gender roles in music; the book is a critical/clinical analysis of the theme of gender in rock.

In 1998, Reynolds published ''Energy Flash: a Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture'' in the UK, and became a senior editor at ''Spin'' magazine in the US. In 1999, he went back to freelance work and published the American version of ''Energy Flash'' in abridged form, titled: ''Generation Ecstasy: Into the World of Techno and Rave Culture''. ''Energy Flash'' is a comprehensive history of what became rave music, starting with Detroit techno and Chicago house and tracing the evolution of the music back and forth across the Atlantic, all the way up to the late 1990s. Reynolds combines analysis of the music, social background and history, and interviews with big names of the day. One of the most notable aspects of the book is Reynolds' analysis of the role of drugs, particularly ecstasy, in rave culture.

In 2005, the UK version of ''Rip It Up and Start Again: Post Punk 1978-1984'' was published; the American version came out in early 2006. ''Rip it Up'' is a history of post-punk, defining the genre and placing it in the context of 1970s and 1980s music.

Reynolds has continued writing for prominent magazines, as well as his blog, ''Blissblog''.

In 2007, Reynolds published ''Bring the Noise: 20 Years of Writing about Hip Rock and Hip Hop'' in the UK, a collection of his writing themed around the relationship between white bohemian rock and black street music. In 2008, an updated edition of ''Energy Flash'' was published, with new chapters on the ten years of dance music following the appearance of the first edition.

He contributed a chapter to ''Sound Unbound: Sampling Digital Music and Culture'' (The MIT Press, 2008), edited by Paul D. Miller a.k.a. DJ Spooky.

In 2011, Reynolds published ''Retromania: Pop Culture's Addiction to Its Own Past'', an indictment of and investigation into the current situation of chronic unoriginality in pop.

Critical theory[link]

Reynolds has become well known for his incorporation of critical theory in his analysis of music. He has written extensively on gender, class, race, and sexuality, and their influence on music. ''The Sex Revolts'' discusses gender in rock music. In his study of the relationship between class and music, Reynolds coined the term ''liminal class'', defined as the upper-working class and lower-middle-class. This is a group he credits with "a lot of music energy".

Reynolds has also written extensively about drug culture and its relationship to and effect on music. In his book, ''Generation Ecstasy'', Reynolds traces the effects of drugs on the ups and downs of the rave scene. His evidence of his interest in the topic can be found in ''Generation Ecstasy'', and in his review of ''Trainspotting'', among other things.

Reynolds was influenced by philosophers and music theorists, including Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Brian Eno, Joe Carducci and the Situationists. He has on occasion used the Marxist concepts of commodity fetishism and false consciousness to describe attitudes prevalent in hip hop music.

Books[link]

''Blissed Out: The Raptures of Rock''. Serpent's Tail, August 1990, ISBN 1-85242-199-1

''The Sex Revolts: Gender, Rebellion and Rock 'N' Roll ''. Co-authored with Joy Press. Serpent's Tail, January 1995, ISBN 1-85242-254-8

''Energy Flash: A Journey Through Rave Music and Dance Culture'' (UK title, ''Pan Macmillan'', 1998, ISBN 0-330-35056-0) published in abridged form as ''Generation Ecstasy: Into the World of Techno and Rave Culture'' (North American title, ''Routledge'', 1999, ISBN 0-415-92373-5)

''Rip It Up and Start Again: Post Punk 1978-1984''. Faber and Faber Ltd, April 2005, ISBN 0-571-21569-6 (U.S. Edition: Penguin, February 2006, ISBN 0-14-303672-6)

''Bring The Noise: 20 Years of writing about Hip Rock and Hip-Hop''. Faber and Faber Ltd, May 2007, ISBN 978-0-571-23207-9

''Totally Wired: Post-Punk Interviews and Overviews''. Faber and Faber Ltd, February 2009, 978-0571235490 (U.S. Edition: Soft Skull Press, September 2010, 1-59376-286-0)

''Retromania: Pop Culture's Addiction to Its Own Past''. Faber and Faber Ltd, June 2011, 978-0571232086

CD[link]

''Rip It Up and Start Again : Post Punk 1978-1984'' - CD compiled by Simon Reynolds, 15 May 2006, V2 label

Sources[link]

External links[link]

Official blog

Furious.com interview about ''Rip it Up''

Repellent review and interview of ''Rip it Up'', 2006

Seattle Weekly interview about ''Rip it Up''

Generation Ecstasy: Into The World of Techno and Rave Culture: SpaceAgeBachelor interviews Simon Reynolds about ''Energy Flash''

A New (Rock) Polarity, a 1995 review of ''The Sex Revolts'' by Robert Christgau in the ''New York Times Book Review''

Review of ''Rip it Up'' in the ''New York Times'', 2006

''Rip It Up and Start Again'' blog

''Bring the Noise'' blog

''Energy Flash'' blog

''Blissed Out'' blog

''The Sex Revolts'' blog

''ReynoldsRetro'' blog — an archive of Reynolds' writing

blissout (Reynolds's defunct website, last updated 31 October 2002) - copy at the Internet Archive

Rock's Back Pages — biography and list of articles by Reynolds

"Bind and Heal: An Interview with Simon Reynolds", in ''Oxonian Review'', about ''Retromania'', 2011.

Category:1963 births Category:Living people Category:English music critics Category:English music journalists Category:Melody Maker writers Category:The Wire writers Category:English bloggers Category:Alumni of the University of Oxford Category:Writers from London Category:People from Hertfordshire Category:British expatriates in the United States

de:Simon Reynolds es:Simon Reynolds fr:Simon Reynolds (critique musical) id:Simon Reynolds it:Simon Reynolds pt:Simon Reynolds

Birthname	Emily Olivia Leah Blunt
Birth date	February 23, 1983
Birth place	London, England
Yearsactive	2003–present
Occupation	Actress
Spouse	John Krasinski (2010–present)
Relatives	Crispin Blunt (uncle)Peter Blunt (grandfather) }}

Emily Olivia Leah Blunt (born 23 February 1983) is an English actress best known for her roles in ''The Devil Wears Prada'' (2006), ''The Young Victoria'' (2009), and ''The Adjustment Bureau'' (2011). She has been nominated for three Golden Globe Awards, two London Film Critics' Circle Awards, and one BAFTA Award. She won a Golden Globe Award for her work in the BBC television drama ''Gideon's Daughter'' (2007).

Early life [link]

Emily Blunt was born 23 February 1983 in Roehampton, London, England. She is the second of four children born to Joanna, an English teacher and former actress, and barrister Oliver Simon Peter Blunt, QC, one of the highest-profile barristers in the United Kingdom. He defended mass murderer Peter Tobin. Her siblings are Felicity, Sebastian and Suzanna. Her grandfather was Major-General Peter Blunt and one of her paternal uncles is Crispin Blunt, Conservative Member of Parliament for Reigate.

Blunt attended Ibstock Place School and, at the age of 16, went to Hurtwood House, a private sixth-form college known for its performing arts programme. There, she was discovered by an agent. Blunt made her professional debut in ''Bliss'', a musical written by Paul Sellar, at the 2000 Edinburgh Fringe while she was still an A-level student. She went on to perform at the National Theatre and at Chichester Festival Theatre.

Film career [link]

In 2003, Blunt made her screen debut in the British television drama ''Boudica'', about the life of the ancient Celtic warrior-queen who fought the Romans. That same year, she was praised for her performance as the 16th century queen Catherine Howard in the two-part British television drama ''Henry VIII''.

In 2004, Blunt delivered her breakout performance as Tamsin in the dark British film, ''My Summer of Love'', a story of deception and lesbian love in the English countryside. She shared an Evening Standard British Film Award for Most Promising Newcomer with co-star Natalie Press.

In 2005, Blunt co-starred with Bill Nighy and Miranda Richardson in the British television drama ''Gideon's Daughter'', an original screenplay written and directed by Stephen Poliakoff, in which she played the troubled only child of New Labour spin doctor Gideon Warner, played by Nighy. Blunt won a Golden Globe for her performance.

In 2006, Blunt appeared opposite Meryl Streep and Anne Hathaway in the box-office success ''The Devil Wears Prada''. Streep and Hathaway received most of the critical attention initially, but Blunt proved to be equally memorable, with ''Entertainment Weekly'' naming her the Best Female Scene-Stealer in their end-of-summer special issue. She appeared at the 79th Academy Awards where she co-presented the award for best costume design with her ''Prada'' co-star Hathaway. Blunt spoke about the weight loss, claiming she had to go "painfully thin". That same year, Blunt co-starred with Susan Sarandon in the independent drama ''Irresistible''. Following production, Sarandon strongly suggested to director David Auburn that he cast Blunt in his next film, ''The Girl in the Park''— a role she did not accept.

In 2007, Blunt appeared in four films: ''Wind Chill'', ''The Jane Austen Book Club'', ''Dan in Real Life'', and ''Charlie Wilson's War''. In 2008, Blunt appeared in two films, ''Sunshine Cleaning'' in the role of Norah Lorkowski, and ''The Great Buck Howard'' as Valerie Brennan.

In 2009, Blunt played Queen Victoria in ''The Young Victoria'', directed by Jean-Marc Vallée and written by Julian Fellowes. She also starred in the Toby Spanton-directed short film ''Curiosity''. She was director Jon Favreau's first choice to play the Black Widow in ''Iron Man 2'' but scheduling conflicts with ''Gulliver's Travels'' forced her to cede the role to Scarlett Johansson. She voiced Angelina's mother, Matilda Mouseling, in the television series, ''Angelina Ballerina: The Next Steps''.

In 2010, Blunt co-starred with Benicio del Toro and Anthony Hopkins in the big-budget movie ''The Wolfman'', which was released on 12 February. She also starred in ''Gulliver's Travels'' and in ''The Adjustment Bureau'', alongside Matt Damon, as a ballet dancer "being mysteriously kept apart" from Damon's character. Blunt was offered the female lead in the ''Captain America: The First Avenger'' film but turned it down.

In January 2011, Blunt began filming an American science-fiction film ''Looper'', directed by Rian Johnson and co-starring Bruce Willis. She appeared in the British comedy film ''Salmon Fishing in the Yemen'', directed by Lasse Hallström and co-starring Ewan McGregor and Kristin Scott Thomas.. She briefly appeared in The Muppets as Miss Piggy's receptionist. She also completed work on the 2012 film ''The Five-Year Engagement'', directed by Nicholas Stoller and co-starring Jason Segel. She is scheduled to star in ''Arthur Newman, Golf Pro'' with Colin Firth in 2012.

Personal life [link]

Blunt had a three-year relationship with Canadian singer Michael Bublé. They met in Melbourne backstage at the Australian television Logie Awards in 2005 and later shared a home in Vancouver, Canada. They broke up in 2008.

In November 2008, Blunt began dating American actor John Krasinski. On 10 July 2010, they married in Como, Italy.

Her sister Felicity, who works as a literary agent, became engaged to Stanley Tucci in 2011 after the pair were introduced by Emily. Her brother Sebastian is an actor.

Filmography [link]

+ Film
Year	Title	Role	Notes
		Isolda
	Catherine Howard	TV
''Foyle's War''	Lucy Markham
	''Agatha Christie's Poirot''	Linnet Ridgeway
''My Summer of Love''	Tamsin
		Camane	TV Miniseries
''The Strange Case of Sherlock Holmes & Arthur Conan Doyle''	Jean Leckie	TV
''Gideon's Daughter''	Natasha	TV
		Mara
''''	Emily
		Girl
''''	Prudie
''Dan in Real Life''	Ruthie Draper
''Charlie Wilson's War''	Jane Liddle
	''Sunshine Cleaning''	Norah Lorkowski
''''	Valerie Brennan
	''''	Juliet Hobbs	Voice OnlyTV - Episode: "Lisa the Drama Queen"
''''	Queen Victoria
''Angelina Ballerina: The Next Steps''	Matilda Mouseling	Voice OnlyTV Series
	Emma	Short Film
	''Wild Target''	Rose
''''	Gwen Conliffe
	Princess Mary
	''Gnomeo & Juliet''	Juliet	Voice Only
''''	Elise Sellas
''''	Miss Piggy's Receptionist
	''Salmon Fishing in the Yemen''	Harriet Chetwode-Talbot
''Your Sister's Sister''	Iris
''The Five-Year Engagement''	Violet Barnes
	Sara	''Post-production''
''Arthur Newman, Golf Pro''	Mike	''Post-production''

+ Theatre
Year	Title	Role	Theatre
2000	''Bliss''	Maddy	Edinburgh Fringe Festival
2001	''''	Gwen	West End Theatre
2002	''Vincent in Brixton''	Eugenie Loyer	RNT
2002	''Romeo & Juliet''	Juliet	Chichester Festival Theatre
2004	''Bumps and Bruises''	Holly	BBC Radio 4

Awards and nominations [link]

Year	Award	Category	Nominated work	Result
2004		Most Promising Newcomer
		British Newcomer of the Year
	Most Promising Newcomer
2006	Teen Choice Award	Choice Breakout	rowspan="7"
		Best Actress in a Supporting Role
Rising Star
	British Actress of the Year in a Supporting Role
MTV Movie Award	Best Comedic Performance
ALFS Award	British Supporting Actress of the Year
	Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Motion Picture
Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role in a Series, Mini-Series or Motion Picture Made for Television	''Gideon's Daughter ''
		Best Actress	rowspan="4"
Satellite Awards	Satellite Award for Best Actress - Motion Picture Drama
Broadcast Film Critics Association	Broadcast Film Critics Association Award for Best Actress
Golden Globes	Best Performance by an Actress in a Motion Picture
Satellite Awards	Satellite Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture	''Sunshine Cleaning''

References [link]

External links [link]

Emily Blunt Interview: Blunt Force ''Los Angeles Times Magazine''

Emily Blunt Video Interview ''Los Angeles Times Magazine''

Category:1983 births Category:21st-century actors Category:Actors from London Category:Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe (television) winners Category:English expatriates in the United States Category:English film actors Category:English stage actors Category:English television actors Category:English voice actors Category:Living people Category:People from Roehampton Category:Royal National Theatre Company members Category:People educated at Hurtwood House

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birthame	John Howard Carpenter
birth date	January 16, 1948
birth place	Carthage, New York, United States
nationality	American
education	Western Kentucky University
alma mater	University of Southern California
influences	Alfred Hitchcock, John Ford, Stanley Kubrick, Vincent Price, Nigel Kneale, Dario Argento, Mario Bava, Orson Welles, Howard Hawks, Sam Peckinpah, Sergio Leone, H.P. Lovecraft
influenced	Tim Burton, Christopher Nolan, Michael Bay, Sam Raimi, Christophe Gans
home town	Bowling Green, Kentucky
residence	Los Angeles, California
style	Horror, Science fiction
occupation	director, screenwriter, producer, composer
years active	1962 – present
spouse	Adrienne Barbeau (1979–1984) Sandy King (1990–) }}

John Howard Carpenter (born January 16, 1948) is an American film director, screenwriter, producer, editor and composer. Although Carpenter has worked in numerous film genres in his four-decade career, his name is most commonly associated with horror and science fiction.

Early life [link]

Carpenter was born in Temecula, California, the son of Milton Jean (née Carter) and Howard Ralph Carpenter, a music professor. He and his family moved to Bowling Green, Kentucky in 1953. He was captivated by movies from an early age, particularly the westerns of Howard Hawks and John Ford, as well as 1950s low budget horror films, such as ''The Thing from Another World'' and high budget science fiction like ''Forbidden Planet'' and began filming horror shorts on 8 mm film even before entering high school. He attended Western Kentucky University where his father chaired the music department, then transferred to the University of Southern California's School of Cinematic Arts in 1968, but later dropped out to make his first feature.

Career[link]

Student Films and Academy Award[link]

In a beginning film course at USC Cinema in 1969, Carpenter wrote and directed an 8-minute short film, Captain Voyeur. The film was rediscovered in the USC archives in 2011 and proved interesting because it revealed elements that would appear in his later film, ''Halloween'' (1978).

The following year he collaborated with producer John Longenecker as co-writer, film editor and music composer for ''The Resurrection of Broncho Billy'' (1970), which won an Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film. The short film was blown-up to 35mm, sixty prints were made, and the film was theatrically released by Universal Studios for two years in the United States and Canada.

1970s: From student films to major theatrical releases[link]

His first major film as director, ''Dark Star'' (1974), was a science fiction black comedy that he cowrote with Dan O'Bannon (who later went on to write ''Alien'', borrowing freely from much of ''Dark Star''). The film reportedly cost only $60,000 and was difficult to make as both Carpenter and O'Bannon completed the film by multitasking, with Carpenter doing the musical score as well as the writing, producing and directing, while O'Bannon acted in the film and did the special effects (which caught the attention of George Lucas who hired him to do work on the special effects for ''Star Wars''). Carpenter's efforts did not go unnoticed as much of Hollywood marveled at his filmmaking abilities within the confines of a shoestring budget.

Carpenter's next film was ''Assault on Precinct 13'' (1976), a low-budget thriller influenced by the films of Howard Hawks, particularly ''Rio Bravo''. As with ''Dark Star'', Carpenter was responsible for many aspects of the film's creation. He not only wrote, directed and scored it, but also edited the film under the pseudonym "John T. Chance" (the name of John Wayne's character in ''Rio Bravo''). Carpenter has said that he considers ''Assault on Precinct 13'' to have been his first real film because it was the first movie that he shot on a schedule. The film was also significant because it marked the first time Carpenter worked with Debra Hill, who played prominently in the making of some of Carpenter's most important films.

Working within the limitations of a $100,000 budget, Carpenter assembled a main cast that consisted of experienced but relatively obscure actors. The two leads were Austin Stoker, who had appeared previously in science fiction, disaster and blaxploitation films, and Darwin Joston, who had worked primarily in television and had once been Carpenter's next-door neighbor.

The film was originally released in the United States to mixed critical reviews and lackluster box-office earnings, but after it was screened at the 1977 London Film Festival, it became a critical and commercial success in Europe and is often credited with launching Carpenter's career. The film subsequently received a critical reassessment in the United States, where it is now generally regarded as one of the best exploitation films of the 1970s.

Carpenter both wrote and directed the Lauren Hutton thriller ''Someone's Watching Me!'' (aka High Rise) in 1978. This TV movie is the tale of a single, working woman who, shortly after arriving in L.A., discovers that she is being stalked. Borrowing heavily from Alfred Hitchcock, Carpenter slowly builds the suspense and intrigue before the final confrontation.

''Halloween'' (1978) was a smash hit on release and helped give birth to the slasher film genre. Originally an idea suggested by producer Irwin Yablans (titled ''The Babysitter Murders''), who envisioned a film about babysitters being menaced by a stalker, Carpenter took the idea and another suggestion from Yablans that it take place during Halloween and developed a story. Carpenter said of the basic concept: "Halloween night. It has never been the theme in a film. My idea was to do an old haunted house movie." The film was written by Carpenter and Debra Hill with Carpenter admitting that the music, not the film, was inspired by both Dario Argento's ''Suspiria'' and William Friedkin's ''The Exorcist''.

Carpenter again worked with a relatively small budget, $320,000. The film grossed over $65 million initially, making it one of the most successful independent films of all time.

Carpenter relied upon taut suspense rather than the excessive gore that would define later slasher films in order to make the menacing nature of the main character, Michael Myers, more palpable. At times, Carpenter has described ''Halloween'' in terms that appeared to directly contradict the more thoughtful, nuanced approach to horror that he actually used, such as: "True crass exploitation. I decided to make a film I would love to have seen as a kid, full of cheap tricks like a haunted house at a fair where you walk down the corridor and things jump out at you." The film has often been cited as an allegory on the virtue of sexual purity and the danger of casual sex, although Carpenter has explained that this was not his intent: "It has been suggested that I was making some kind of moral statement. Believe me, I'm not. In ''Halloween'', I viewed the characters as simply normal teenagers." Of the later slasher films that largely mimicked Carpenter's work on ''Halloween'', few have met with the same critical success.

In addition to the film's critical and commercial success, Carpenter's self-composed "Halloween Theme" remains a recognizable film music theme to this day.

In 1979, John Carpenter began what was to be the first of several collaborations with actor Kurt Russell when he directed the TV movie ''Elvis''. The made-for-TV movie was a smash hit with viewers and critics, and was also released as a feature film in cinemas outside the U. S. and revived the career of Russell, who was a child actor in the 1960s.

1980s: Continued commercial success[link]

Carpenter followed up the success of ''Halloween'' with ''The Fog'' (1980), a ghostly revenge tale (co-written by Hill) inspired by horror comics such as ''Tales from the Crypt'' and by ''The Crawling Eye'', a 1958 movie about monsters hiding in clouds.

Completing ''The Fog'' was an unusually difficult process for Carpenter. After viewing a rough cut of the film, he was dissatisfied with the result. For the only time in his filmmaking career, he had to devise a way to salvage a nearly finished film that did not meet his standards. In order to make the movie more coherent and frightening, Carpenter shot additional footage that included a number of new scenes. Approximately one-third of the finished film is the newer footage.

Despite production problems and mostly negative critical reception, ''The Fog'' was another commercial success for Carpenter. The film was made on a budget of $1,000,000, but it grossed over $21,000,000 in the United States alone. Carpenter has said that ''The Fog'' is not his favorite film, although he considers it a "minor horror classic".

Carpenter immediately followed ''The Fog'' with the science-fiction adventure ''Escape from New York'' (1981), which quickly picked up large cult and mainstream audiences as well as critical acclaim.

His next film, ''The Thing'' (1982), is notable for its high production values, including innovative special effects by Rob Bottin, special visual effects by matte artist Albert Whitlock, a score by Ennio Morricone and a cast including rising star Kurt Russell and respected character actors such as Wilford Brimley, Richard Dysart, Charles Hallahan, Keith David, and Richard Masur. ''The Thing'' was made with a budget of $15,000,000, Carpenter's largest up to that point, and distributed by Universal Pictures.

Carpenter's film used the same source material as the 1951 Howard Hawks film, ''The Thing from Another World'', Carpenter's version is more faithful to the John W. Campbell, Jr. novella, ''Who Goes There?'', upon which both films were based. Moreover, unlike the Hawks film, ''The Thing'' was part of what Carpenter later called his "Apocalypse Trilogy," a trio of films (''The Thing'', ''In the Mouth of Madness'', and ''Prince of Darkness'') with bleak endings for the film's characters, and being a graphic, sinister horror film, it did not appeal to audiences in the summer of 1982, especially when ''E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial'', which would have illustrated a much more light-hearted picture of alien visitation, was released two weeks prior. In an interview, Carpenter stated that ''E.T.'''s release could have been largely responsible for the film's disappointment. As ''The Thing'' did not perform well on a commercial level, it was Carpenter's first financial disappointment. Later, the movie found new life in the home video and cable markets, and it is now widely regarded as one of the best horror films ever made.

Shortly after completing post-production on ''The Thing'', Universal offered him the chance to direct ''Firestarter'', based on the novel by Stephen King. Carpenter hired Bill Lancaster to adapt the novel into a script, which was completed in mid-1982. Carpenter had ear-marked Burt Lancaster to star as "Rainbird" and 12-year-old Jennifer Connelly as "Charly" but when The Thing was a box-office disappointment, Universal replaced Carpenter with Mark L Lester. Ironically, Carpenter's next film, ''Christine'', was the 1983 adaptation of the Stephen King novel of the same name. The story revolves around a high-school nerd named Arnie Cunningham (Keith Gordon) who buys a junked 1958 Plymouth Fury which turns out to have supernatural powers. As Cunningham restores and rebuilds the car, he becomes unnaturally obsessed with it, with deadly consequences. ''Christine'' did respectable business upon its release and was received well by critics; however, Carpenter has been quoted as saying he directed the film because it was the only thing offered to him at the time.

One of the high points in Carpenter's career came in 1984 with the release of ''Starman'', a film that was critically praised but was only a moderate commercial success. Produced by Michael Douglas, the script was well received by Columbia Pictures, which chose it over the script for ''E.T.'' and prompted Steven Spielberg to go to Universal Pictures. Douglas chose Carpenter to be the director because of his reputation as an action director who could also convey strong emotion. ''Starman'' was favorably reviewed by the ''Los Angeles Times'', ''New York Times'' and LA Weekly and described by Carpenter as a film he envisioned as a romantic comedy similar to ''It Happened One Night'' only with a space alien. The film received Oscar and Golden Globe nominations for Jeff Bridges' portrayal of Starman and received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Musical Score for Jack Nitzsche.

After seeing footage of ''Starman'', the executive producer of the Superman movie series, Ilya Salkind, offered Carpenter the chance to direct the latest Alexander–Ilya Salkind fantasy epic ''Santa Claus: The Movie''. Salkind made the offer to Carpenter over lunch at The Ritz, and while he loved the idea of breaking from his normal traditions and directing a children's fantasy movie, he requested 24 hours to think over the offer. The next day he had drawn up a list of requirements should he direct the movie; they were: 100 percent creative control, the right to take over scriptwriting duties, being able to co-compose the movie's musical score, total editorial control, the casting of Brian Dennehey as Santa Claus and a $5 million signing-on fee (the same amount that the movie's star Dudley Moore was receiving). Team Salkind were nonplussed by his demands and withdrew their offer for him to direct. Carpenter told ''Empire'' magazine ten years later that he wished he'd been less demanding and made the movie because he liked the idea so much and it would have changed critics' views on his limitations as a director.

Following the box office failure of his big-budget action–comedy ''Big Trouble in Little China'' (1986), Carpenter struggled to get films financed. He returned to making lower budget films such as ''Prince of Darkness'' (1987), a film influenced by the BBC series ''Quatermass''. Although some of the films from this time, such as ''They Live'' (1988) did pick up a considerable cult audience, he never again realized his mass-market potential.

Carpenter was also offered ''The Exorcist III'' in 1989, and met with writer William Peter Blatty (who also authored the novel on which it was based, ''Legion'') over the course of a week. However, the two filmmakers clashed on the film's climax and Carpenter passed on the project. Blatty directed the film himself a year later. Carpenter is quoted as saying that although they fought over the ending, they held a mutual respect for one another and talked endlessly about an interest they both shared: quantum physics.

In an interview with ''Empire'', Carpenter stated that he was offered ''Top Gun'' and ''Fatal Attraction''. He declined back ''Top Gun'' because he did not like the dialogue and felt it was just a second unit directed film. With ''Fatal Attraction'' he disliked the script.

1990s: Critical and commercial decline[link]

His 1990s career is characterized by a number of notable misfires: ''Memoirs of an Invisible Man'' (1992), ''Village of the Damned'' (1995) and ''Escape From L.A.'' (1996) are examples of films that were critical and box office failures. Also notable from this decade are ''In the Mouth of Madness'' (1994), yet another Lovecraftian homage, which did not do well either at the box-office or with critics and ''Vampires'' (1998) starred James Woods as the leader of a band of vampire hunters in league with the Catholic Church.

2000s: Semi-retirement[link]

2001 saw the release of ''Ghosts of Mars''. 2005 saw remakes of ''Assault on Precinct 13'' and ''The Fog'', the latter being produced by Carpenter himself, though in an interview he defined his involvement as, "I come in and say hello to everybody. Go home."

In 2007 Rob Zombie produced and directed ''Halloween'', a re-imagining of Carpenter's 1978 film that spawned a sequel two years later.

Carpenter returned to the director's chair in 2005 for an episode of Showtime's ''Masters of Horror'' series as one of the thirteen filmmakers involved in the first season. His episode, ''Cigarette Burns'', aired to generally positive reviews, and positive reactions from Carpenter fans, many of whom regard it as on par with his earlier horror classics. He has since contributed another original episode for the show's second season entitled "Pro-Life", about a young girl who is raped and impregnated by a demon and wants to have an abortion, but whose efforts are halted by her religious fanatic, gun-toting father and her three brothers.

In February 2009, It was announced that Carpenter had planned for his newest project, called ''The Ward'', starring Amber Heard.

2010s: Present[link]

''The Ward'' was his first movie since 2001's ''Ghosts of Mars'', and it premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 13, 2010. Carpenter narrated the video game ''F.E.A.R. 3''. On 10 October 2010 Carpenter received the Lifetime Award from the Freak Show Horror Film Festival.

In 2011 at the Fright Night Film Festival Carpenter revealed that he is currently working on what he described as a "gothic western" movie and hopes to get it off the ground soon. He went on to say that he is unsure of the film's fate as it is harder to sell westerns these days.

Techniques [link]

His films are characterized by minimalist lighting and photography, static cameras, use of steadicam, and distinctive synthesized scores (usually self-composed). He describes himself as having been influenced by Howard Hawks, Alfred Hitchcock, Nigel Kneale and ''The Twilight Zone''.

With the exception of ''The Thing'', ''Starman'', and ''Memoirs of an Invisible Man'', he has scored all of his films (though some are collaborations), most famously the themes from ''Halloween'' and ''Assault on Precinct 13''. His music is generally synthesized with accompaniment from piano and atmospherics.

Carpenter is an outspoken proponent of widescreen filming, and all of his theatrical movies (with the exception of ''Dark Star'' and ''The Ward'') were filmed anamorphic with a 2.35:1 or greater aspect ratio. ''The Ward'' was shot flat and scanned for anamorphic 2.35:1.

Legacy [link]

Many of Carpenter's films have been re-released on DVD as special editions with numerous bonus features. Examples of such are: the collector's editions of ''Halloween'', ''Escape From New York'', ''Christine'', ''The Thing'', ''Assault on Precinct 13'', ''Big Trouble In Little China'' and ''The Fog''. Some were re-issued with a new anamorphic widescreen transfer. In the UK, several of Carpenter's films have been released on DVD with audio commentary by Carpenter and his stars (''They Live'', with actor/wrestler Roddy Piper, ''Starman'' with actor Jeff Bridges and ''Prince of Darkness'' with actor Peter Jason) that have not been released in the United States.

Carpenter has been the subject of the documentary film ''John Carpenter: The Man and His Movies'', and American Cinematheque's 2002 retrospective of his films. Moreover, in 2006, the United States Library of Congress deemed ''Halloween'' to be "culturally significant" and selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry.

In 2010, writer and actor Mark Gatiss interviewed Carpenter about his career and films for his BBC documentary series ''A History of Horror''. Carpenter appears in all three episodes of the series.

Personal life [link]

Carpenter met his future wife, actress Adrienne Barbeau, on the set of his 1978 television movie, ''Someone's Watching Me''. Carpenter was married to Barbeau from January 1, 1979 to 1984. During their marriage, Barbeau starred in ''The Fog'', and also appeared in ''Escape from New York''. The couple had one son, John Cody Carpenter (born May 7, 1984).

Carpenter has been married to producer Sandy King since 1990. King produced a number of Carpenter's later feature films, including ''They Live'', ''In the Mouth of Madness'', ''Ghosts of Mars'', and ''Escape from L.A.'' She also functioned as script supervisor for some of these films as well, such as ''Starman'', ''Big Trouble in Little China'' and ''Prince of Darkness''.

He appeared in an episode of Animal Planet's ''Animal Icons'' titled "It Came from Japan" where he discussed his love and admiration for the original Godzilla film

Carpenter is also a known supporter of video games as a media and art form and has a particular liking for the F.E.A.R. franchise in general, even going as far as offering himself as a spokesman and helping direct F3AR cutscenes.Warmoth, Brian. "John Carpenter and Steve Niles Contributing To 'F.E.A.R. 3'". MTV. April 8, 2010

Filmography[link]

:''See John Carpenter filmography''

Further reading [link]

Conrich, Ian & Woods, David. ''The Cinema of John Carpenter: The Technique of Terror (Directors' Cuts)'', Wallflower Press (2004). ISBN 1-904764-14-2.

Muir, John Kenneth. ''The Films of John Carpenter'', McFarland & Company, Inc. (2005). ISBN 0-7864-2269-6.

References[link]

External links[link]

Interview with ''The Onion A.V. Club''

''Entertainment Weekly'' interview

''Time Out New York'' interview

DGA magazine interview

Writers Guild of America interview

Category:1948 births Category:Living people Category:People from Wilna, New York Category:American film directors Category:American film producers Category:American film score composers Category:American screenwriters Category:Horror film directors Category:Electronic musicians Category:People from Bowling Green, Kentucky Category:Western Kentucky University alumni Category:University of Southern California alumni Category:Saturn Award winners

az:Con Karpenter bn:জন কারপেন্টার bs:John Carpenter cs:John Carpenter da:John Carpenter de:John Carpenter es:John Carpenter eu:John Carpenter fa:جان کارپنتر fr:John Carpenter hr:John Carpenter it:John Carpenter lb:John Carpenter lt:John Carpenter hu:John Carpenter nl:John Carpenter ja:ジョン・カーペンター no:John Carpenter pl:John Carpenter pt:John Carpenter ro:John Carpenter ru:Карпентер, Джон simple:John Carpenter fi:John Carpenter sv:John Carpenter th:จอห์น คาร์เพนเตอร์ tr:John Carpenter uk:Джон Карпентер

name	Dean Brogan
fullname	Dean Scott Brogan
birth date	December 14, 1978
originalteam	South Adelaide (SANFL)
heightweight	201cm / 100kg
position	Ruckman
currentclub
guernsey	10
years	2001–20112012–Total
clubs
games(goals)	174 (50)1 (0)175 (50)
statsend	Round 3, 2012
careerhighlights	* premiership player 2004 Showdown Medal Rd 6 2009 }}

Dean Scott Brogan (born 14 December 1978) is a ruckman in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was also a former basketballer with the Adelaide 36ers of the National Basketball League (NBL).

NBL career[link]

Adelaide 36ers career (1998–1999)[link]

Playing with the Adelaide 36ers in the NBL, Brogan was part of the 1998 side that won the NBL championship. The following season he played with the Newcastle Falcons and thus missed out on the 36ers back-to-back championships as his former team also won the 1998-99 NBL championship. Following his season with the Falcons Brogan decided to give up basketball to focus on Australian rules.

AFL career[link]

Port Adelaide (2001–2011)[link]

Known as a solid ruckman, Brogan was signed by Port Adelaide and made his AFL debut in 2001. Under coach Mark Williams the Power became just that in the AFL and qualified for their first ever AFL Grand Final in 2004 where defeated three time defending champions the Brisbane Lions to win the 2004 Premiership in front of 77,671 at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. As the teams starting ruckman Brogan became the first sportsman to win titles in both the NBL and AFL.

With the recurrent injuries and subsequent retirement of Matthew Primus between 2003 and 2005, Brogan's fine work in tandem with fellow Power and 2006 and 2007 All-Australian ruckman Brendon Lade continued to form an integral part of Port's hopes in the 2009 season before Lade's retirement at seasons end. Brogan went on to win the Showdown medal in Round 6, 2009 for his best on ground effort against the Adelaide Crows in Showdown XXVI. He was named as vice-captain of the club in the lead up to the 2010 season.

Greater Western Sydney (2012)[link]

In June 2011, at the age of 32, Brogan announced his retirement from AFL football at the conclusion of the 2011 season. However, he later decided against retirement and was traded to the new expansion Greater Western Sydney Football Club.

Off field controversies[link]

In 2006, Brogan was involved in an incident at Adelaide airport in which he punched Adelaide Crows fan Dale Mortimer after being insulted, breaking Mortimer's nose. He pleaded guilty and was fined $750.

In July 2007, Brogan pleaded guilty to assaulting an Adelaide surgeon in October 2005, and was fined $1000.

See also[link]

Basketball expermient

External links[link]

References[link]

Category:South Adelaide Football Club players Category:Port Adelaide Football Club players Category:Greater Western Sydney Football Club players Category:1978 births Category:Living people Category:Adelaide 36ers players Category:Australian rules footballers from South Australia

The following is a list of significant men and women known for being the father, mother, or considered the founders mostly in Western socities in a field, listed by category. In most non-science fields, the title of being the "father" is debatable.

Church[link]

Games[link]

Subject	Father/Mother	Reason
Miniature wargaming	H.G. Wells
	Nolan Bushnell	Creator of ''Pong'' and founder of Atari and Chuck E. Cheese's
	Shigeru Miyamoto	Creator of many successful Nintendo franchises
Role-playing game	Gary Gygax	Creator of ''Dungeons & Dragons''
Stealth game	Hideo Kojima
Video game	Thomas T. Goldsmith, Jr.	Inventor of the First video game
Wargaming	Charles S. Roberts

Humanities[link]

Military[link]

Subject	Father/Mother	Reason
Aerial warfare	Oswald Boelcke	The first to formalize rules of air fighting, which he presented as the Dicta Boelcke, also credited as being the first pilot to shoot down an aircraft.
Atomic bomb	Robert OppenheimerLeó SzilárdEnrico Fermi
Blitzkrieg	Heinz Guderian
	Edward Teller
Atomic submarine and "nuclear navy"	Hyman G. Rickover
Fourth Generation Warfare	William S. Lind
	Jean-Baptiste Colbert	Built on the fleet of France inherited from Cardinal Richelieu.
Naval Special Warfare	Phil H. Bucklew	US Naval Officer and First Commanding Officer of Navy SEAL Team One
Naval tactical studies	Paul Hoste	Jesuit Professor of Mathematics at the Royal College of the Marine in Toulon; wrote ''L'Art des Armées Navales'' (1697)
Luftwaffe and Luftstreitkräfte	Oswald Boelcke
The Soviet Union's Hydrogen Bomb	Andrei Sakharov
	William C. Lee	First commander of the parachute school at Fort Benning, Georgia.
	Kazimierz Pułaski	Brigadier-general and commander of the cavalry of the Continental Army (1770s).
United States Navy	Nations[link] Natural and social sciences[link] Sports[link] Subject Father/Mother ! Reason [[American football">John Barry (naval officer) Nations[link] Natural and social sciences[link] Sports[link] Subject Father/Mother ! Reason [[American football Walter Camp American motocross Edison Dye Introduced motorcross to American riders. American road racing Cameron Argetsinger Godfather, created the New York Cosmos soccer team and imported a number of well known international footballers to the team in an attempt to bring interest to soccer in the US. Angling Izaak Walton Author of ''The Compleat Angler''. Alexander Watson Hutton Argentine professional golf José Jurado Argentine winter sports Otto Meiling Association football Ebenezer Cobb Morley Baseball Basketball James Naismith Scot Breithaupt Charles William Miller Jim Downing Built a racecar a season before it became the basis of a new lightweight prototype class in . Coined the rodeo term "stampede" and was world's first rodeo producer, rodeo stock contractor, and rodeo champion in 1902. Wally Parks Don Garlits Considered to be one of the innovators of drag racing safety. Eddie Hill Regarded as the forefather of drag racing. Kunimitsu Takahashi East Coast skateboarding Vinny Raffa (godfather) Florida skateboarding Bruce Walker (godfather) Ebenezer Cobb Morley Freestyle BMX Bob Haro Freestyle Motocross Mike Metzger Godfather. Funny Car Dick Landy Ice Hockey James Creighton (ice hockey) Captained of one of the two teams that participated in the first indoor hockey game on March 3, 1875 in Montreal. Frank Choi Hosted one of the first events specifially for import cars in the mid-1990s to keep drivers out of street racing that progressed into a professional category. rowspan="2" James Richardson Spensley William Garbutt Laying the foundations of skilled coaching in Italian football. rowspan="2" Credited for introducing baseball in Japan. Hiroshi Hiraoka Credited for establishing the first baseball team. Jogging Jim Fixx Founding father. Kart racing Art Ingels Developed the world's first kart (1956). Lacrosse William George Beers Codified the sport. Mixed martial arts Bruce Lee Called so by Dana White, president of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. For his experimentation into other styles and invention of Jeet Kune Do. Eugen Sandow Called so by Arnold Schwarzenegger during a press statement on his passing in 2004. Inventor of the modern exercise machines. James Figg James J. Corbett Modern figure skating Jackson Haines "Jackson Haines - The Father of Figure Skating," according to Roy Blakey Dettmar Cramer Earl W. Bascom Bascom's many equipment innovations pioneered the sport starting in 1916. Italo Santelli Modern surfing Duke Kahanamoku Earl W. Bascom Bascom designed and made the first one-hand rigging in 1924. A. G. Guillemard William Webb Ellis "Who with a fine disregard for the rules of football as played in his time first took the ball in his arms and ran with it thus originating the distinctive feature of the rugby game". Scuba diving Jacques Cousteau Developed the aqua-lung jointly with Émile Gagnan; popularized scuba diving as a research diver, writer, and film and television producer and personality. Skip Engblom (godfather) Tony Hawk (godfather) Snowboarding Jake Burton Carpenter Stock car racing Bill France, Sr. Foundation of the sanctioning body for stock car racing Mike Goodwin Organized the first supercross race. Frank Chirkinian Personally responsible for much of the production conventions of modern golf broadcasting. Technology[link] Fields[link] Subject Father/Mother Reason Aerodynamics (modern) Sir George Cayley Founding father of modern Aerodynamics. The first to identify the four aerodynamic forces of flight—weight, Lift (force) [[Architecture Imhotep Built the first pyramid Astronautics Konstantin Tsiolkovsky Robert H. GoddardHermann Oberth Aviation Book: ''Prodromo alla Arte Maestra'' (1670). First to describe the geometry and physics of a flying vessel. Thomas Tompion Clinical trials James Lind Conducted the first Scientific control [[Computing Charles Babbage Inventor of the Analytical Engine which was never constructed in his lifetime. Cybernetics Norbert Wiener Genetics Gregor Mendel Founder of the Genetics William F. Moran Founder of the American Bladesmith Society Ferdinand Freudenstein Applied digital computation to the kinematic synthesis of mechanisms. Bob Loveless Founder of the Knifemakers' Guild Photography Inventions[link] Subject Father/Mother Reason Air conditioning Willis Carrier Dennis Ritchie Chronograph Compact Disc Compiler Grace Hopper Konrad Zuse Invented world's first functional program-controlled computer. Alan Turing Was a secret code breaker during WWII and invented the Turing machine (1936). John von Neumann Became "intrigued" with Turing's universal machine and later emphasised the importance of the stored-program concept for electronic computing (1945), including the possibility of allowing the machine to modify its own program in useful ways while running. Invented the digital computer in the 1930s Invented the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer) in 1946. ENIAC was the first general-purpose electronic computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems. Computer Program Ada Lovelace Recognized by historians as the writer of the world's first computer program which was for the Charles Babbage Analytical Engine, but was never complete within either her or his lifetime. Ekranoplan Rostislav Alexeev Helicopter Igor Sikorsky Invented the first successful helicopter, upon which further designs were based. Internet Vint CerfBob Kahn Instant noodle Momofuku Ando Inventor of the instant noodle, also founder of Nissin Foods to produce and market them. Japanese television Kenjiro Takayanagi Jet engine Frank Whittle Karaoke Daisuke Inoue Inventor of the machine as a means of allowing people to sing without the need of a live back-up. Laser Charles Hard Townes Lightning prediction system Alexander Stepanovich Popov The first lightning prediction system, the Lightning detector, was invented in 1894 by Alexander Stepanovich Popov. Marine chronometer John Harrison Microprocessor Marcian Hoff Masatoshi Shima Mobile phone He is the main brainchild of hand-held phone and with the help of Motorola team he developed the first handset in 1973 weighing in at two kilos. Vinod Dham The original Pentium (P5) was developed by a team of engineers, including John H. Crawford, chief architect of the original 386, and Donald Alpert, who managed the architectural team. Dror Avnon managed the design of the FPU. Dham was general manager of the P5 group. Some media sources have called him the "father of the Pentium". Chuck Peddle Developed the 6502 microprocessor, the KIM-1 and the Commodore PET Programmable logic controller Dick Morley Radio Alexander Stepanovich Popov Lee De Forest Guglielmo Marconi Jagdish Chandra Bose Nikola Tesla Radio (Radio broadcasting) Reginald Fessenden David Sarnoff Fessenden is credited as the first to broadcast radio signals on Christmas Eve, 1906. Sarnoff proposed a chain of radio stations to Marconi's associates in 1915. Radio (FM radio) Edwin H. Armstrong Obtained the first Federal Communications Commission (FCC) license to operate an FM station in Alpine, New Jersey at approximately 50 megahertz (1939) Radiotelephony Reginald Fessenden Search Engine Alan Emtage Created Archie, a pre-Web search engine which pioneered many of the techniques used by subsequent search engines SGML Charles Goldfarb Telephone Alexander Graham Bell See Invention of the telephone Television Philo T. Farnsworth Vladimir Zworykin John Logie Baird Co-Inventors of the Electronic Television. Farnsworth invented the Image dissector while Zworykin created the Iconoscope, both fully electronic forms of television. Logie Baird invented the world's first working television system, also the first electronic color television system. Tokamak Lev Artsimovich Fazlur Khan Invented the tube structural system and first employed it in his designs for the DeWitt-Chestnut Apartments, John Hancock Center and Sears Tower. World Wide Web Tim Berners-Lee Visual Basic Alan Cooper XML Jon Bosak Towns, cities and regions[link] Subject Father/Mother ! Reason British Columbia Fur trader and manager for the North West Company and Hudson's Bay Company, Governor of the Colony of Vancouver Island and first Governor of the Colony of British Columbia. Lan Kwai Fong Allan Zeman Noted for turning a small square of streets in Transport[link] Subject Father/Mother ! Reason [[Henry Ford">Central, Hong Kong Transport[link] Subject Father/Mother ! Reason [[Henry Ford Noted for introducing a simple and affordable car for the ordinary American masses. American Interstate Highway System Dwight D. Eisenhower Gene Berg Hot rod Ed Winfield RJ DeVera Influential for popularising the import car scene in the mid-1990s. Kustom Kulture Monster truck Mountain bike Gary Fisher Rotary engine Felix Wankel Cyrus Avery Tailfin Harley Earl Traffic safety William Phelps Eno Frank W. Cyr See also [link] List of inventors Father of medicare Founders of statistics References [link] Father or mother of something Father or mother of something, List of people known as ar:آباء العلوم fa:فهرست افراد دارای لقب پدر یا مادر در یک زمینه This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. 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