name	Nicholas
gender	Male
meaning	Victory of the people
nickname	Nick, Nicky, Nic, Nik
origin	Greek
derived	Νικόλαος (Nikolaos), a combination of Greek words "Victory" (Νίκη; nikē) and "People" (λαὸς; ''laos'') }}

Nicholas or Nikolas is a male given name, derived from the Greek name Νικόλαος (''Nikolaos''), a combination of the words for "victory" (''νίκη''; ''níkē'') and "people" (''λαὸς''; ''laós''). The name can be understood to mean victory of the people. The Greek word (''νίκη''; ''níkē'') is derived from Egyptian ''nekht'', meaning "to be strong" or "powerful". In addition, "laos" or "λαὸς" in Greek, originates from the word root "-las", as found in the word "λα-τομεῑο" meaning "stone" or "rock" (in Greek Mythology, Deucalion and Pyrrha recreated the people after they had vanished in a catastrophic deluge, by throwing stones behind their shoulders while they kept marching on). The name became popular through Saint Nicholas, Bishop of Myra in Lycia, the inspiration for Santa Claus. The customary English version of spelling "Nicholas", using an "h", first came into use in the 12th century and has been firmly established since the Reformation, though "Nicolas" is occasionally used. In 2006, Nicholas – and its variations – was the 17th most popular male name given to babies in the USA. Roughly 0.7151% of the baby boys born that year, or 15,414, were given that name. It is decreasing in popularity, from a high in 1997, when 27,248 US males were given the name Nicholas. That year was the most popular year for Nicholas since 1880, when U.S. records were kept for given names.

The Eastern Orthodox Church, the Roman Catholic Church, and the Anglican Churches celebrate Saint Nicholas every year on December 6, which is the name day for "Nicholas". In Greece, the name and its derivatives are especially popular in maritime regions, as St. Nicholas is considered the protector saint of seafarers.

Male variations[link]

Variations for males include:

Leonese language: ''Nicolás'', ''Nicu'', ''Colás''

, Nicolas , ''Нико'' (Niko), ''Никица'' (Nikica)

Taiwanese (Traditional Chinese): Quēkǒu, Ní-jī, Nígǔlāsī

Female forms[link]

Female forms include:

Bulgarian: Николина (Nikolina), Николета (Nikoleta), Никол (Nikol), Нина (Nina)

Croatian: Nikolina, Nika, Nina

Czech: Nikol, Nikoleta, Nikola, Nicol

Dutch: Klasina, Klazina, Nicole, Nicolien, Nicolet, Nicoline

Danish: Nikoline

English: Nicole/Nichole/Nicolle/Nikole/Nikkole, Nicola/Nichola, Nicolette, Colette, Nicky/Nikki/Nicci

French: Colette, Coline, Nicole, Nicolette, Nicoline

German: Nicole, Nikole, Nicola, Nikola

Greek: Νίκη (Níkē, a conflation with Níke), Νικολέτα (Nikoléta), Νικολίνα (Νikolína)

Hungarian: Nikolett

Italian: Nicoletta, Nicola, Nicole, Nicolina

Macedonian: Nikolina

Portuguese: Nicole

Romanian: Niculina, Nicoleta, Nicolina, Nico

Scottish: Nicola

Serbian: Nikolija (archaic), Nikolina, Nikoleta

Slovak: Nikola, Nikoleta

Slovene: Nika

Spanish: Nicolasa, Nikoletta, Nicolá

Turkish: Nikol

People known as Nicholas [link]

Nicholas of Cusa

Nicholas I of Montenegro, King of Montenegro

Nicholas I of Russia

Nicholas II of Russia

Nicholas of Tolentino

Prince Nicholas of Romania (1903-1978)

Prince Nicholas of Romania (born 1985)

Nicholas is also the name of five popes (Pope Nicholas I, Pope Nicholas II, Pope Nicholas III, Pope Nicholas IV, and Pope Nicholas V), Antipope Nicholas V and four Patriarchs of Constantinople of which best known are Nicholas Mystikos, and Nicholas III Grammatikos

Nicholas Tse (謝霆鋒，born 1980), Hong Kong singer and actor.

Nicholas "Nick" Clegg (born 1967), British politician

Nick Jonas (born 1992), Singer & Songwriter

Nicholas Mosley (born 1923), British novelist and aristocrat

Nicholas Charles Sparks (born 1965), American novelist, screenwriter

Nicholas Sparks (politician) (1794-1862), American politician.

Nicholas Gross

Saints[link]

Saint Nicholas The Duc Bui, one of the Vietnamese Martyrs

Saint Nicholas of Flue

Saint Nicholas of Japan

Saint Nicholas of Myra, also known as Sinterklaas

See also[link]

Nikolaos

References[link]

Category:Given names of Greek language origin Category:Greek masculine given names‎ Category:English masculine given names Category:Given names

an:Nicolau be:Імя Мікалай bg:Никола (име) bar:Nikolaus br:Niccolò cs:Mikuláš de:Nikolaus es:Nicolás eo:Nikolao fr:Miklós is:Nikulás it:Nicola la:Nicolaus hu:Miklós nl:Nicolaas no:Nikolaus nn:Nikolaus nds:Nickel (Vörnaam) pl:Mikołaj ru:Николай sk:Mikuláš sl:Miklavž (ime) fi:Nikolaus sv:Nikolaus uk:Микола

#redirectCab Calloway

birth date	January 07, 1964
birth place	Long Beach, California, US
birth name	Nicolas Kim Coppola
occupation	Actor, producer, director
years active	1980–present
spouse
children	Weston Coppola Cage Kal-El Cage
parents
relatives	Marc Coppola (brother)Christopher Coppola (brother) }}

Nicolas Cage (born Nicolas Kim Coppola; January 7, 1964) is an Academy Award-winning American actor, producer and director, having appeared in over 60 films including ''Raising Arizona'' (1987), ''The Rock'' (1996), ''Face/Off'' (1997), ''Gone in 60 Seconds'' (2000), ''Adaptation'' (2002), ''National Treasure'' (2004), ''Lord of War'' (2005), ''Ghost Rider'' (2007), ''Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans'' (2009), ''Kick-Ass'' (2010), and ''Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance'' (2012).

Early life[link]

Cage was born Nicolas Kim Coppola on January 7, 1964 in Long Beach, California. His father, August Coppola, a professor of literature, and his mother, Joy Vogelsang, a dancer and choreographer, divorced in 1976. He was raised in a Catholic family. Cage's mother is of German descent and his father was of Italian descent. His paternal grandparents were composer Carmine Coppola and actress Italia Pennino, and his paternal great-grandparents were immigrants from Bernalda, Basilicata. Through his father, Cage is the nephew of director Francis Ford Coppola and actress Talia Shire, and the cousin of directors Roman Coppola and Sofia Coppola, film producer Gian-Carlo Coppola, and actors Robert Carmine and Jason Schwartzman. Cage's two brothers are New York radio personality Marc "The Cope" Coppola and director Christopher Coppola. He attended Beverly Hills High School, which is known for its many alumni who became entertainers. He aspired to act from an early age and also attended UCLA School of Theatre, Film and Television. His first non-cinematic acting experience was in a school production of ''Golden Boy''.

Career[link]

Acting career[link]

To avoid the appearance of nepotism as the nephew of Francis Ford Coppola, he changed his name early in his career to Nicolas Cage, inspired in part by the Marvel Comics superhero Luke Cage. Since his minor role in the film ''Fast Times at Ridgemont High'', with Sean Penn, Cage has appeared in a wide range of films, both mainstream and offbeat. He tried out for the role of Dallas Winston in his uncle's film ''The Outsiders'', based on S.E. Hinton's novel, but lost to Matt Dillon. He was also in Coppola's films ''Rumble Fish'' and ''Peggy Sue Got Married.''

Other Cage roles included appearances in the acclaimed 1987 romantic-comedy ''Moonstruck'', also starring Cher; The Coen Brothers cult-classic comedy ''Raising Arizona''; David Lynch's 1990 offbeat film ''Wild at Heart''; a lead role in Martin Scorsese's 1999 New York City paramedic drama ''Bringing Out the Dead''; and Ridley Scott's 2003 quirky drama ''Matchstick Men'', in which he played an agoraphobic, mysophobic, obsessive-compulsive con artist with a tic disorder.

Cage has been nominated twice for an Academy Award, winning once for his performance as a suicidal alcoholic in ''Leaving Las Vegas''. His other nomination was for his portrayal of real-life screenwriter Charlie Kaufman and Kaufman's fictional twin Donald in ''Adaptation.'' Despite these successes, most of his lower-profile films have performed poorly at the box office compared to his mainstream action/adventure roles. The suspense thriller ''8mm'' (1999) was not a box office success, but is now considered a cult film. He took the lead role in the 2001 film ''Captain Corelli's Mandolin'' and learned to play the mandolin from scratch for the part. He made his directorial debut with 2002's ''Sonny''. In 2005, two offbeat films he headlined, ''Lord of War'' and ''The Weather Man'', failed to find a significant audience despite nationwide releases and good reviews for his acting in those roles. Poor reviews for ''The Wicker Man'' resulted in low box office sales. The much criticized ''Ghost Rider'' (2007), based on the Marvel Comics character, fared better, earning more than $45 million (the top earner) during its opening weekend and over $208 million worldwide through the weekend ending on March 25, 2007. Also in 2007, he starred in ''Next'', which shared the concept of a glimpse into an alternate timeline with Cage's film, ''The Family Man'' (2000).

Most of Cage's movies that have achieved financial success were in the action/adventure genre. In his second-highest grossing film to date, ''National Treasure'', he plays an eccentric historian who goes on a dangerous adventure to find treasure hidden by the Founding Fathers of the United States. Other action hits include ''The Rock'', in which Cage plays a young FBI chemical weapons expert who infiltrates Alcatraz Island in hopes of neutralizing a terrorist threat, ''Face/Off'', a John Woo film where he plays both a hero and a villain, and ''World Trade Center'', director Oliver Stone's film regarding the September 11, 2001 attacks. He had a small but notable role as the Chinese criminal mastermind Dr. Fu Manchu in Rob Zombie's fake trailer ''Werewolf Women of the S.S.'' from the B-movie double feature ''Grindhouse''.

Cage made his directorial debut with ''Sonny'', a low-budget drama starring James Franco as a male prostitute whose mother (Brenda Blethyn) serves as his pimp. Cage had a small role in the film, which received poor reviews and a short run in a limited number of theatres. Cage's producing career includes ''Shadow of the Vampire'', the first effort from Saturn Films.

In early December 2006, Cage announced at the Bahamas International Film Festival that he planned to curtail his future acting endeavors to pursue other interests. On ''The Dresden Files'' for the Sci-Fi Channel, Cage is listed as the executive producer.

In November 2007, Cage was spotted backstage at a ''Ring of Honor'' wrestling show in New York City researching his role for ''The Wrestler''. The role was ultimately played by Mickey Rourke, who received an Academy Award nomination for his performance. ''Wrestler'' Director Darren Aronofsky, in an interview with slashfilm.com, said of Cage's decision to leave the film that: "Nic was a complete gentleman, and he understood that my heart was with Mickey and he stepped aside. I have so much respect for Nic Cage as an actor and I think it really could have worked with Nic but ... you know, Nic was incredibly supportive of Mickey and he is old friends with Mickey and really wanted to help with this opportunity, so he pulled himself out of the race."

In 2008, Cage appeared as Joe, a contract killer who undergoes a change of heart while on a work outing in Bangkok, in the film ''Bangkok Dangerous''. The film is shot by the Pang Brothers and has a distinct South-East Asian flavor. In 2009, Cage starred in science fiction thriller ''Knowing'', directed by Alex Proyas. In the film, he plays an MIT professor who examines the contents of a time capsule unearthed at his son's elementary school. Startling predictions found inside the capsule that have already come true lead him to believe the world is going to end at the close of the week, and that he and his son are somehow involved in the destruction. The film received mainly negative reviews but was the box office winner on its opening weekend. Also in 2009, Cage starred in the film ''Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans'', directed by acclaimed German director Werner Herzog. He portrayed a corrupt police officer with gambling, drug and alcohol addictions. The film was very well-received by critics, holding a rating of 87% positive reviews on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes. Cage received lauds for his performance, with Michael Phillips of the ''Chicago Tribune'' writing "Herzog has found his ideal interpreter, a performer whose truth lies deep in the artifice of performance: ladies and gentlemen, Nicolas Cage, at his finest." This film reunited Cage with Eva Mendes, who played his love interest in ''Ghost Rider''. In 2010, Cage starred in the period piece ''Season of the Witch'', playing a 14th-century knight transporting a girl accused of causing the Black Plague to a monastery, and ''The Sorcerer's Apprentice'', in which he played the sorcerer.

Other works[link]

Cage, an avid comic book fan, auctioned a collection of 400 vintage comics through Heritage Auctions for over $1.6 million in 2002.

In 2007 he created a comic book with his son Weston, called ''Voodoo Child'', which was published by Virgin Comics.

Cage is a fan and collector of painter and underground comic artist Robert Williams. He has written introductions for ''Juxtapoz'' magazine and purchased the painting ''Death On The Boards''.

Acting style[link]

In February 2011, Cage claimed to have created a new method of acting he calls "Nouveau Shamanic". He claims to have used the acting style throughout his career and one day plans to write a book about the method.

Praise and criticism[link]

Nicolas Cage's acting has been praised by influential film critic Roger Ebert who writes, in his "Great Movies" essay about the film ''Adaptation'', that: "There are often lists of the great living male movie stars: De Niro, Nicholson and Pacino, usually. How often do you see the name of Nicolas Cage? He should always be up there. He's daring and fearless in his choice of roles, and unafraid to crawl out on a limb, saw it off and remain suspended in air. No one else can project inner trembling so effectively.... He always seems so earnest. However improbable his character, he never winks at the audience. He is committed to the character with every atom and plays him as if he were him." Roger Ebert, in response to mixed reviews of ''Knowing'' and their focus on criticizing Cage, wrote an article in which he defends both Cage as an actor and the movie to which, in stark contrast to other critics, Ebert gave 4/4 stars.

In the 68th Academy Awards, Cage was awarded the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance in ''Leaving Las Vegas''.

In May 2001, Cage was awarded an Honorary Doctorate in Fine Arts by California State University, Fullerton. He spoke at the commencement ceremony.

Despite such praise, Cage has his detractors. Cage has been criticized for choosing to star in big-budget, action-adventure movies rather than smaller, character-driven dramas, the type of film that initially garnered him praise. In 1999, one-time friend Sean Penn expressed that sentiment to the ''New York Times'', declaring Cage "no longer an actor."

Personal life[link]

Relationships and family[link]

In 1988, Cage began dating actress Christina Fulton, who later bore their son, Weston Coppola Cage (born December 26, 1990). Weston is lead singer of the black metal band Eyes of Noctum, and appeared in Cage's film ''Lord of War'' as Vladimir, a young Ukrainian mechanic who quickly disarms a Mil Mi-24 helicopter.

Cage has been married three times. His first wife was actress Patricia Arquette (married on April 8, 1995, divorce finalized on May 18, 2001).

Cage's second marriage was to singer/songwriter Lisa Marie Presley, daughter of Elvis Presley. Cage is an Elvis fan and used the star as the base of his performance in ''Wild at Heart''. Presley and Cage married on August 10, 2002 and filed for divorce on November 25, 2002 which was finalized on May 16, 2004. The divorce proceeding was longer than the marriage.

Cage met his third and current wife Alice Kim, a former waitress who previously worked at the Los Angeles restaurant Kabuki and at the Los Angeles-based Korean nightclub, Le Privé. She bore their son, Kal-El, (after Superman's birth name) on October 3, 2005. Cage was once considered for the role of Superman in a film to be directed by Tim Burton. Alice had a minor role in the 2007 film ''Next'', which Cage produced. They were married at a private ranch in Northern California on July 30, 2004.

Real estate and tax problems[link]

Nicolas Cage is one of Hollywood's highest-paid actors, earning $40 million in 2009 according to ''Forbes Magazine''.

Cage had a Malibu home where he and Kim lived, but sold the property in 2005 for $10 million. In 2004 he bought a property on Paradise Island, Bahamas. In May 2006, he bought a island in the Exuma archipelago, some southeast of Nassau and close to a similar island owned by Faith Hill and Tim McGraw.

He once owned the medieval castle of Schloss Neidstein in the Oberpfalz region in Germany, which he bought in 2006 and sold in 2009 for $2.5 million. His grandmother was German, living in Cochem an der Mosel. In August 2007, Cage purchased "Grey Craig", a brick-and-stone country manor in Middletown, Rhode Island. With an estate occupying the home has 12 bedrooms and 10 full bathrooms and overlooks the Atlantic Ocean as well. It borders the Norman Bird Sanctuary to the west. The sale ranked among the state of Rhode Island's most expensive residential purchases until eclipsed that same year, 2007, by the $17.15 million sale of the Miramar mansion on Bellevue Avenue in Newport.

Also in 2007, the actor purchased Midford Castle in Somerset, England. Shortly after selling his German castle, Cage also put homes in Rhode Island, Louisiana, Nevada, and California, as well as a $7 million island in the Bahamas, up for sale.

On July 14, 2009, the Internal Revenue Service filed documents in New Orleans in connection with a federal tax lien against property owned by Cage in Louisiana, concerning unpaid federal taxes. The IRS alleges that Cage failed to pay over $6.2 million in federal income tax for the year 2007. In addition, the Internal Revenue Service has another lien for more than $350,000 in unpaid taxes dating from 2002 to 2004. Cage filed a $20 million lawsuit on October 16, 2009, against his business manager, Samuel J. Levin, alleging negligence and fraud. The lawsuit states that Levin "had failed to pay taxes when they were due and had placed [Cage] in speculative and risky real estate investments 'resulting in (the actor) suffering catastrophic losses'." Cage is also facing separate lawsuits from East West Bank and Red Curb Investments for unpaid, multimillion dollar loans. Samuel Levin filed a counter-complaint and responded to the lawsuit in a filing stating that he warned Cage that he was living beyond his means and urged him to spend less. Levin's filing states that "instead of listening to Levin, cross-defendant Cage (Coppola) spent most of his free time shopping for high ticket purchases, and wound up with 15 personal residences", Levin's complaint continued: "Likewise, Levin advised Coppola against buying a Gulfstream jet, against buying and owning a flotilla of yachts, against buying and owning a squadron of Rolls Royces, against buying millions of dollars in jewelry and art."

In his filing Levin says that in 2007 Cage's "shopping spree entailed the purchase of three additional residences at a total cost of more than $33 million; the purchase of 22 automobiles (including 9 Rolls Royces); 12 purchases of expensive jewelry; and 47 purchases of artwork and exotic items." One of those exotic items was a dinosaur skull of a Tarbosaurus for which Nicolas Cage paid $276,000 in an auction after winning a bidding contest against Leonardo DiCaprio.

According to Cage, he owned the "Most Haunted House in America", a home located in the French Quarter of New Orleans, Louisiana. The home is known as "The LaLaurie house" after its former owner Delphine LaLaurie. The house was foreclosed and sold at auction on November 12, 2009 along with another New Orleans property for a total of $5.5 million, in the wake of his financial problems.

His Bel Air home, which had six loans totaling $18 million on it, failed to sell at an April 2010 foreclosure auction despite an opening offer of $10.4 million, substantially less than the $35 million that Cage had originally tried to sell it for. The home, built in 1940 for $110,000 had been owned by Dean Martin and singer Tom Jones. The home eventually sold in November 2010 for $10.5 million. Another home in Nevada also faces foreclosure auction.

In November 2011, Cage also sold his Action Comics 1 in an online auction for a record-breaking $2.16 million dollars (the previous record being 1.5), to assist paying his tax liens and other debts. Cage purchased the comic in 1997 for $110,000.

Legal issues[link]

In December 2009, Christina Fulton sued Cage for $13 million and the house she is living in. The suit was in response to an order that she leave the dwelling that was brought about by Cage's financial difficulties.

On April 15, 2011, at 11:30 pm, Cage was arrested in New Orleans in the city's famed French Quarter district for suspicion of domestic abuse battery, disturbing the peace and public intoxication, after a police officer was flagged down by onlookers after Cage allegedly grabbed his wife's upper arm while appearing to be under the influence of alcohol. Cage was held in police custody until a bail of $11,000 was posted by Duane "Dog" Chapman. He was later ordered to appear in court on May 31, 2011. On May 5, 2011, it was announced that the charges against Cage had been dropped.

Filmography[link]

+ Film credits
! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1980	''Brubaker''	Extra	Uncredited
1981		Nicholas
1982	''Fast Times at Ridgemont High''	Brad's Bud
1983	''''	Man in rumble scene	Uncredited
1983		Randy
1983	''Rumble Fish''	Smokey
1984	''Racing with the Moon''	Nicky and Bud
1984	''''	Vincent Dwyer
1984		Sergeant Al Columbato
1986	''''	Ned Hanlan
1986	''Peggy Sue Got Married''	Charlie Bodell
1987	''Raising Arizona''	H. I. McDunnough
1987	''Moonstruck''	Ronny Cammareri	Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
1988	''Never on Tuesday''	Man In Red Sports Car	Uncredited
1989	''Vampire's Kiss''	Peter Leow
1990	''Tempo di uccidere''	Enrico Silvestri
1990	''Fire Birds''	Jake Preston	aka ''Wings of the Apache''
1990		Sailor
1990	''Zandalee''	Johnny
1992	''Honeymoon in Vegas''	Jack Singer	Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy
1993	''Amos & Andrew''	Amos Odell
1993		Eddie
1994	''''	Himself
1994	''Red Rock West''	Michael Williams
1994	''Guarding Tess''	Doug Chesnic
1994		Charlie Lang
1994	''Trapped in Paradise''	Bill Firpo
1995		Little Junior Brown
1995	''Leaving Las Vegas''	Ben Sanderson
1996	''''	Dr. Stanley Goodspeed	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor in an Action/Adventure
1997	''Con Air''	Cameron Poe	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor in an Action/Adventure
1997	''Face/Off''	Castor Troy/Sean Archer
1998		Seth	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor in a Drama or Romance Film
1998		Rick Santoro	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor in a Suspense Film
1999		Tom Welles
1999	''Bringing Out the Dead''	Frank Pierce
2000		Randall "Memphis" Raines	Nominated—Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor in an Action Film
2000	''''	Jack Campbell	Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Actor in a Comedy or Romance Film
2000	''Welcome to Hollywood''	Himself
2001	''Italian Soldiers''	Himself
2001		Captain Antonio Corelli
2001	''Christmas Carol: The Movie''	Jacob Marley	Voice
2002	''Windtalkers''	Sgt. Joe Enders
2002	''Adaptation.''
2002		Acid Yellow
2003		Roy Waller
2004
2005	''Lord of War''	Yuri Orlov
2005	''''	David Spritz
2006	''''	Zoc	Voice
2006	''''	Edward Malus
2006	''Too Tough To Die''	Himself
2006
2007
2007
2007		Cris Johnson
2007	''National Treasure: Book of Secrets
2008		Joe
2009		Professor Jonathan "John" Koestler
2009		Speckles the Mole	Voice
2009		Dr. Tenma	Voice
2009	''Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans''	Terrence McDonagh, The bad Lieutenant
2010		Damon Macready/Big Daddy
2010	''''	Balthazar Blake
2011		Behman von Bleiruck
2011	''Drive Angry''	Milton
2011		Kyle
2011	''Seeking Justice''	Will Gerard
2012	''Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance''
2012		Will Montgomery	filming
2012	''Frank or Francis''	The Emcee	pre-production
2012	''The Frozen Ground''	Detective Glenn Flothe	pre-production
2013	''''	Crug	Voice, pre-production

See also[link]

Coppola family tree

List of oldest and youngest Academy Award winners and nominees

References[link]

External links[link]

World Trade Center Interview with Nicolas Cage From IGN FilmForce

Category:1964 births Category:Actors from California Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of Italian descent Category:American film actors Category:American film directors Category:American film producers Category:American voice actors Category:Best Actor Academy Award winners Category:Coppola family Category:Living people Category:People from Long Beach, California Category:Science fiction fans Category:Pseudonymous artists Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors Category:Arquette family

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name	Drew Nicholas
position	Shooting guard
height ft	6 | height_in 4
weight lbs	180
league	EuroleagueLega Basket Serie A
team	Armani Jeans Milano
birth date	May 17, 1981
birth place	Hempstead, New York, USA
nationality	American
college	Maryland
draft	Undrafted
draft year	2003
career start	2003
former teams	Fabriano Basket ''(2003-04)''Basket Livorno ''(2004-05)''TAU Vitoria ''(2005-)''Benetton Treviso ''(2005-06)''Efes Pilsen ''(2006-08)''Panathinaikos ''(2008-11)''Armani Jeans Milano ''(2011-2012)''
awards	Italian League Second Division Scoring Leader 2004Italian League First Division Scoring Leader 2005Alphonso Ford Trophy 2006}}

Andrew "Drew" Lawrence Nicholas (born May 17, 1981, in Hempstead, New York) is an American professional basketball player. He is currently playing for the pro club Armani Jeans Milano of the Italian Basketball League.

Player profile[link]

A 1.93 m (6'4") tall shooting guard-small forward, Nicholas led the Euroleague 2005-06 season in scoring, averaging 18.4 points per game and thus won the Alphonso Ford Trophy.

Basketball career[link]

Amateur career[link]

Nicholas played high school basketball at Long Island Lutheran, New York from 1995-99. He played college basketball at the University of Maryland, College Park with the Maryland Terrapins from 1999-03. In 2002, Nicholas helped Maryland win its first National Championship. He made the All-Atlantic Coast Conference 2nd Team in his senior season in college. His most memorable moment came in the 2003 NCAA Tournament when he hit a three pointer at the buzzer to win a first round game against UNC-Wilmington. He also hit a three pointer at the buzzer to give Coach Gary Williams his 500th career coaching victory against NC State.

Pro career[link]

Nicholas was selected in the 2003 USBL Draft by the Texas Rim Rockers (#59 overall). He then moved to Italy for the 2003-04 season, signed by Fabriano Basket, in the Italian LegADue. He lead Legadue in scoring with 27.1 points per game that season. He was signed for the 2004-05 season by Basket Livorno. He lead the Lega in scoring with 22.8 points per game. At the end of the Italian regular season, he moved to Spain, signed for the remainder of the season by Saski Baskonia Vitoria. He then went back to Italy for the 2005-06 season, signed by Benetton Treviso. He lead the Euroleague in scoring with 18.4 points per game. He moved to Turkey for the 2006-07 season, signed by Efes Pilsen. On June 24, 2008 he signed a 2-year contract with Greek club Panathinaikos. Nicholas helped Panathinaikos win the 2009 and 2011 Euroleague championships. He also won the Greek cup in 2009 as well as the Greek championship in 2009, 2010, and 2011. In July 2011 he signed with Armani Jeans Milano.

Personal[link]

In February 2008, Nicholas refused to travel with Efes Pilsen for the away match against Partizan Belgrade in Belgrade, due to an advice for U.S. citizens not to visit Serbia related to the tension after the declaration of independence of Kosovo. He was then banned from the club and shortly after that he was released. In March 2008 he shortly negotiated with Israeli side Maccabi Tel Aviv on a three-year contract offer, but came to no final contract agreement with the club.

References[link]

External links [link]

Euroleague.net Profile

Basketpedya.com Profile

Charles Smith| years= 2006| after= Igor Rakočević}}

Category:1981 births Category:Living people Category:African American basketball players Category:American expatriate basketball people in Greece Category:American expatriate basketball people in Italy Category:American expatriate basketball people in Spain Category:American expatriate basketball people in Turkey Category:Shooting guards Category:Point guards Category:Basketball players from New York Category:People from Hempstead (town), New York Category:Anadolu Efes SK players Category:Saski Baskonia players Category:Greek Basket League players Category:Panathinaikos BC players Category:Maryland Terrapins men's basketball players Category:Pallacanestro Treviso players Category:Olimpia Milano players

de:Drew Nicholas el:Ντρου Νίκολας es:Drew Nicholas fr:Drew Nicholas hr:Drew Nicholas it:Drew Nicholas he:דרו ניקולס fi:Drew Nicholas tr:Drew Nicholas

Name	Nicholas Humphrey
Birth name	Nicholas Keynes Humphrey
Residence	Cambridge, England
Nationality	English
Workplaces	London School of Economics
Alma mater	Trinity College, Cambridge
Religion	No religion/Atheist
Footnotes	}}

Professor Nicholas Keynes Humphrey (born 1943) is an English psychologist, based in Cambridge, who is known for his work on the evolution of human intelligence and consciousness. His interests are wide ranging. He studied mountain gorillas with Dian Fossey in Rwanda, he was the first to demonstrate the existence of "blindsight" after brain damage in monkeys, he proposed the celebrated theory of the “social function of intellect” and he is the only scientist ever to edit the literary journal Granta.

Humphrey played a significant role in the anti-nuclear movement in the late 1970s and delivered the BBC Bronowski memorial lecture titled "Four Minutes to Midnight" in 1981.

His ten books include ''Consciousness Regained'', ''The Inner Eye'', ''A History of the Mind'', ''Leaps of Faith'', ''The Mind Made Flesh'', ''Seeing Red'', and ''Soul Dust''. He has been the recipient of several honours, including the Martin Luther King Memorial Prize, the Pufendorf medal and the British Psychological Society’s book award.

He has been Lecturer in Psychology at Oxford, Assistant Director of the Subdepartment of Animal Behaviour at Cambridge, Senior Research Fellow in Parapsychology at Cambridge, Professor of Psychology at the New School for Social Research, New York, and School Professor at the London School of Economics.

Family[link]

Humphrey is the son of the immunologist John H. Humphrey and his wife Janet Humphrey (née Hill), daughter of the Nobel Prize winning physiologist Archibald Hill. His great uncle was the economist John Maynard Keynes. He married Caroline Waddington, daughter of C. H. Waddington in 1967 (divorced 1977). From 1977 to 1984 he was the partner of the English actress Susannah York. He married Ayla Kohn in 1994.

Early career[link]

Nicholas Humphrey was educated at Westminster School (1956–61), and Trinity College, Cambridge (1961–67).

His doctoral research at Cambridge, supervised by Lawrence Weiskrantz, was on the neuropsychology of vision in primates. He made the first single cell recordings from the superior colliculus of monkeys, and discovered the existence of a previously unsuspected capacity for vision after total lesions of the striate cortex (a capacity which, when it was later confirmed in human beings, came to be called "blindsight").

On moving to Oxford, he turned his attention to evolutionary aesthetics. He did research on monkey visual preferences (especially colour preferences) and wrote an essay “The Illusion of beauty”, which, as a radio broadcast, won the Glaxo Science Writers Prize in 1980.

Work in evolutionary psychology and philosophy of mind[link]

He returned to Cambridge, to the Sub Department of Animal Behaviour in 1970, and there met Dian Fossey, who invited him to spend three months at her gorilla study camp in Rwanda. His experience with the gorillas, and a subsequent visit to Richard Leakey’s field-site on Lake Turkana, set Humphrey thinking about how cognitive skills – intelligence and consciousness – could have arisen as an adaption to social life. In 1976 he wrote an essay titled "The Social Function of Intellect", which is widely regarded as one of the foundational works of evolutionary psychology and the basis for Machiavellian intelligence theory. This paper formed the basis of his first book ''Consciousness Regained: Chapters in the Development of Mind'' (1983).

In 1984 Humphrey left his academic post at Cambridge to work on his Channel 4 television series "The Inner Eye" on the development of the human mind. This series was finished in 1986 with the release of a book of the same name.

In 1987, Daniel Dennett invited Humphrey to work with him at his Center for Cognitive Studies at Tufts University. They worked on developing an empirically based theory of consciousness, and undertook a study on Multiple Personality Disorder.

Humphrey’s next book ''A History of the Mind''(1992) put forward a theory on how consciousness as feeling rather than thinking may have evolved. This book won the inaugural British Psychological Society's annual Book of the Year Award in 1993.

His writings on consciousness continued in “The Mind Made Flesh: Essays from the Frontiers of Evolution and Psychology” (2002), ''Seeing Red: A Study in Consciousness'' (2006), and most recently ''Soul Dust: the Magic of Consciousness'' (2011). In this last book he puts forward a radical new theory. Consciousness, he argues, is nothing less than a magical-mystery show that we stage inside our own heads – a show that paves the way for spirituality, and allows us to reap the rewards, and anxieties, of living in what he calls the “soul niche.”

Other work[link]

Humphrey became active in the anti-nuclear movement in the late 1970s. This led to an invitation to deliver the Bronowski lecture on the BBC in 1981. He titled his lecture, on the dangers of the arms race, "Four Minutes to Midnight". With Robert Lifton he edited an anthology of writings on war and peace titled ''In a Dark Time'', which was released in 1984 and resulted in him winning the Martin Luther King Memorial Prize.

In 1992, Humphrey was appointed to a Senior Research Fellowship at Darwin College, Cambridge funded by the Perrott-Warwick Fellowship in parapsychology. He undertook a skeptical study of parapsychological phenomena such as extra-sensory perception and psychokinesis, resulting in his book ''Soul Searching: Human Nature and Supernatural Belief'' (1995) (in America this book was published under the title ''Leaps of Faith'').

Humphrey has worked on a number of TV and radio documentaries as well as "The Inner Eye". The topics range from the psychology of paranormal belief to the psycho-history of mediaeval animal trials.

In 2005, he visited the Ulas family of human quadrupeds in southern Turkey and published a report on them with John Skoyles and Roger Keynes. A documentary "The Family That Walks On All Fours" based on this visit was broadcast on BBC2 in March 2006, and on NOVA in November 2006.

Over the last ten years Humphrey has been investigating the placebo effect, and has put forward a novel theory of what he calls the "health management system" through which the brain has top-down control over the body’s healing resources.

He has recently become an Advisor to the BMW Guggenheim Lab.

Bibliography[link]

''Consciousness Regained: Chapters in the Development of Mind'', Oxford University Press, 1983.

''In a Dark Time'', (ed. with R.J.Lifton), Faber & Faber 1984, Harvard University Press 1984.

''The Inner Eye'', Faber & Faber 1986.

''A History of the Mind'', Chatto & Windus 1992, Simon & Schuster 1992.

''Soul Searching: Human Nature and Supernatural Belief'', Chatto & Windus 1995.

''How to Solve the Mind-Body Problem'', Imprint Academic, 2000.

''The Mind Made Flesh: Essays from the Frontiers of Evolution and Psychology'', Oxford University Press, 2002.

''Seeing Red: A Study in Consciousness'', Belknap Press/Harvard University Press, 2006.

''Soul Dust: The Magic of Consciousness'', Quercus Publishing 2011, Princeton University Press 2011

Video links[link]

''"Four Minutes to Midnight: the 1981 BBC Bronowski Lecture"''.

''"Natural Psychologists", Part 2 of The Inner Eye''.

''"The Ghost in the Machine", Part 3 of The Inner Eye''.

''"Sentimental Education", Part 4 of The Inner Eye''.

''"Other People's Dreams", Part 5 of The Inner Eye''.

''"Is There Anybody There?"''.

''"The Pufendorf Lectures 2011"''.

Journal articles[link]

‘’Vision in monkeys after removal of the striate cortex’‘. Nature,215, 515-597, 1967.

‘‘Contrast illusions in perspective''. Nature, 232, 91- 93, 1971.

‘’Interest and pleasure: two determinants of a monkey’s visual preferences’‘ Perception, 1, 395-416, 1972.

‘’Status and the left cheek’‘. New Scientist, 59, 437-49, 1973.

‘’The illusion of beauty’‘. Perceptio, 2, 429-39, 1973.

‘‘Status and the left cheek’‘. New Scientist, 59, 437-439. 1973.

‘‘The apparent heaviness of colours’‘. Nature, 250, 164-165, 1974. (With E.Pinkerton).

’‘The reaction of monkeys to fearsom pictures’‘. Nature, 251, 500-2, 1974.

‘’Vision in a monkey without striate cortex: a case study’‘. Perecption, 3,241-55, 1974.

‘’Species and individuals in the perceptual world of monkeys’‘. Perception, 3, 105-14, 1974.

‘‘Interactive effects of unpleasant light and unpleasant sound’‘. Nature, 253, 346-347, 1975. (With G.R.Keeble).

‘’The colour currency of nature’‘. In Colour for Architecture, ed. T.Porter and B.Mikellides, pp. 95-98, Studio-Vista, London, 1976.

‘’How monkeys acquire a new way of seeing’‘. Perception, 5, 51-56, 1976.

‘’The social function of intellect’‘. In Growing Points in Ethology, ed. P. P. G. Bateson and R. A. Hinde, pp. 303- 317, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1976.

‘‘Unfoldings of mental life’’, Science, 196 , 755-756, 1977.

‘’Do monkeys subjective clocks run faster in red light than in blue’‘. Perception, 6, 7-14.

‘‘Effects of red light and loud noise on the rate at which monkeys sample the sensory environment’’. Perception 7:343-348 1978.

‘‘The biological basis of collecting’’. Human Nature 44-47 1979.

‘’Natural aesthetics’‘. In Architecture for People, ed. B.Mikellides, pp. 59-73, Studio-Vista, London, 1980.

‘‘Nature's Psychologists’’. ; In Josephson, B. D. and Ramachandran, V. S., Eds. Consciousness and the Physical World , chapter 4, 57-80. Oxford: Pergamon Press 1980.

‘‘Four Minutes to Midnight’’. The BBC Bronowski Lecture, 1981.

‘‘Consciousness: a Just-So story’’, New Scientist , 95 473-477, 1982.

‘‘The Uses of Consciousness’’. Fifteenth James Arthur Memorial Lecture, 1-25, American Museum of Natural History, New York 1987.

‘’Speaking for our selves: an assessment of multiple personality disorder’‘. Raritan, 9, 68-98.

‘‘Varieties of altruism - and the common ground between them’’. Social Research 64:199-209, 1997.

‘‘What shall we tell the children?’’ In Williams, Wes, Ed. The Values of Science (The 1997 Oxford Amnesty Lectures)’’ , 58-79. Westview Press, 1998.

‘‘Cave art, autism and the evolution of the human mind’‘’’. Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 8, 165-191, 1998.

‘‘Why Grandmothers May Need Large Brains’’. Psycoloquy 10(024), 1999.

‘‘The power of prayer’‘. Skeptical Inquirer, 24 (3), 61, 2000.

‘‘The Privatization of Sensation’’, In Heyes, Celia and Huber, Ludwig, Eds. The Evolution of Cognition , 241-252. MIT, Cambridge, Ma, 2000.

‘‘How to solve the mind-body problem’’. Journal of Consciousness Studies 7(4):5-20 2000.

‘‘In Reply (Reply to Commentaries on ;How to Solve the Mind-Body Problem)’’. Journal of Consciousness Studies 7(4):98-112, 2000.

‘‘One Self: a Meditation on the Unity of Consciousness’’. Social Research 67(4):32-39 2000.

‘’Dreaming as play’‘. Behavioral and Brain Science, 23, 953, 2000.

‘‘Follow My Leader In Humphrey, Nicholas The Mind Made Flesh: Essays from the Frontiers of Evolution and Psychology , chapter24, 330-339. Oxford University Press, 2002.

‘‘The Deformed Transformed’’, In Humphrey, Nicholas The Mind Made Flesh: Essays from the Frontiers of Psychology and Evolution ,chapter 14, 165-199. Oxford University Press 2002.

‘‘Great Expectations: The Evolutionary Psychology of Faith-Healing and the Placebo Effect, The Mind Made Flesh: Essays from the Frontiers of Psychology and Evolution ,chapter 19, 255-85, Oxford University Press, 2002.

‘‘Bugs and Beasts before the Law’’ The Mind Made Flesh: Essays from the Frontiers of Psychology and Evolution ,chapter 18, 235-254, Oxford University Press 2002.

‘‘Behold the Man’’, In Humphrey, Nicholas The Mind Made Flesh: Essays from the Frontiers of Psychology and Evolution ,chapter 16, 206-231, Oxford University Press, 2002.

‘‘Shamanism and cognitive evolution (Commentary on Michael Winkelman)’’. Cambridge Archaeological Journal, 12, 91-3, 2002

‘‘A Family Affair’’, In Curious Minds: How a Child Becomes a Scientist , ed. John Brockman, p.3-12, New York: Pantheon Books, 2004.

‘‘The Placebo Effect’’, In Gregory, Richard L., Ed. Oxford Companion to the Mind. Second Edition . Oxford University Press, 2004.

‘‘Thinking about Feeling’’, In Gregory, Richard L., Ed. Oxford Companion to the Mind. Second Edition . Oxford University Press, 2004.

‘‘Do babies know what they look like? Doppelgängers and the phenomenology of infancy’‘. In Susan Hurley and Nick Chater (Eds.), Perspectives on Imitation: From Cognitive Neuroscience to Social Science. Cambridge: MIT Press. (2005)

‘’Human handwalkers: five siblings who never stood up’‘. CPNSS Discussion Paper, DP 77/05, 2005

‘‘Killer Instinct: a Review of Niall Ferguson's ;World of War: History's Century of Hatred’’, Prospect, September 2006

‘‘Consciousness: the Achilles heel of Darwinism? Thank God, not quite’’,In Intelligent Thought: Science versus the Intelligent Design Movement, ed. John Brockman, pp. 50-64, New York: Vintage, 2006.

‘‘The society of selves’’ Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 362, 745-754, 2007.

‘‘Getting the measure of consciousness’’, Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement , 2008.

‘‘Questioning consciousness’’, Seed Magazine , January/February,30-32, 2008.

‘’Beauty’s child: sexual selection, nature worship and the love of God’‘.

External links[link]

Professor Humphrey's home page

The human factor by Andrew Brown. July 29, 2006, The Guardian. Newspaper interview.

EDGE talk, A Self worth having A Talk with Nicholas Humphrey Interview on EDGE 6.30.03

Richard Dawkins interviews Nicholas Humphrey on Placebos

Pufendorf Lectures 2011

"The Evolved Self-Management System"

Category:1943 births Category:Academics of the London School of Economics Category:British psychologists Category:Consciousness researchers and theorists Category:English sceptics Category:English scientists Category:Evolutionary psychologists Category:Human evolution theorists Category:Fellows of Darwin College, Cambridge Category:Living people Category:Keynes family Category:Theoretical biologists

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