Events

764 – Tibetan troops occupy Chang'an, the capital of the Chinese Tang Dynasty, for fifteen days.

1028 – Future Byzantine empress Zoe marries Romanus Argyrus according to the wishes of the dying Constantine VIII.

1439 – Plymouth, England, becomes the first town incorporated by the English Parliament.

1555 – The English Parliament re-establishes Catholicism.

1602 – Sebastian Viscaino lands at and names San Diego, California.

1793 – Jean Sylvain Bailly, the first Mayor of Paris, is guillotined.

1847 – Sir James Young Simpson, a British physician, is the first to use chloroform as an anaesthetic.

1892 – William "Pudge" Heffelfinger becomes the first professional American football player on record, participating in his first paid game for the Allegheny Athletic Association.

1893 – The treaty of the Durand Line is signed between present day Pakistan and Afghanistan; the Durand Line has gained international recognition as an international border between the two nations.

1905 – Norway holds a referendum in favor of monarchy over republic.

1912 – The frozen bodies of Robert Scott and his men are found on the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica.

1918 – Austria becomes a republic.

1920 – Italy and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes sign the Treaty of Rapallo.

1922 – The Sigma Gamma Rho sorority is founded on the campus of Butler University in Indianapolis, Indiana.

1927 – Leon Trotsky is expelled from the Soviet Communist Party, leaving Joseph Stalin in undisputed control of the Soviet Union.

1933 – Hugh Gray takes the first known photos of the Loch Ness Monster.

1936 – In California, the San Francisco – Oakland Bay Bridge opens to traffic.

1938 – Hermann Göring proposes plans to make Madagascar the "Jewish homeland", an idea that had first been considered by 19th century journalist Theodor Herzl.

1941 – World War II: temperatures around Moscow drop to -12° C as the Soviet Union launches ski troops for the first time against the freezing German forces near the city.

1941 – World War II: The Soviet cruiser ''Chervona Ukraina'' is destroyed during the Battle of Sevastopol.

1942 – World War II: The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal between Japanese and American forces begins near Guadalcanal. The battle lasts for three days.

1944 – World War II: The Royal Air Force launches 29 Avro Lancaster bombers in one of the most successful precision bombing attacks of war and sinks the German battleship ''Tirpitz'', with 12,000 lb Tallboy bombs off Tromsø, Norway.

1948 – In Tokyo, an international war crimes tribunal sentences seven Japanese military and government officials, including General Hideki Tojo, to death for their roles in World War II.

1956 – Morocco, Sudan and Tunisia join the United Nations.

1958 – A team of rock climbers led by Warren Harding completes the first ascent of The Nose on El Capitan in Yosemite Valley.

1968 – Equatorial Guinea joins the United Nations.

1968 – ''Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District'' is argued before the Supreme Court of the United States.

1969 – Vietnam War: My Lai Massacre – Independent investigative journalist Seymour Hersh breaks the My Lai story.

1970 – The Oregon Highway Division attempts to destroy a rotting beached Sperm whale with explosives, leading to the now infamous "exploding whale" incident.

1970 – The 1970 Bhola cyclone makes landfall on the coast of East Pakistan becoming the deadliest tropical cyclone in history.

1971 – Vietnam War: as part of Vietnamization, US President Richard M. Nixon sets February 1, 1972 as the deadline for the removal of another 45,000 American troops from Vietnam.

1975 – The Comoros joins the United Nations.

1978 – Pope John Paul II takes possession of his Cathedral Church, the Basilica of St. John Lateran, as the Bishop of Rome.

1979 – Iran hostage crisis: in response to the hostage situation in Tehran, US President Jimmy Carter orders a halt to all petroleum imports into the United States from Iran.

1980 – The NASA space probe ''Voyager I'' makes its closest approach to Saturn and takes the first images of its rings.

1981 – Space Shuttle program: mission STS-2, utilizing the Space Shuttle ''Columbia'', marks the first time a manned spacecraft is launched into space twice.

1982 – In the Soviet Union, Yuri Andropov becomes the general secretary of the Soviet Communist Party's Central Committee, succeeding Leonid I. Brezhnev.

1990 – Crown Prince Akihito is formally installed as Emperor Akihito of Japan, becoming the 125th Japanese monarch.

1990 – Tim Berners-Lee publishes a formal proposal for the World Wide Web.

1991 – Dili Massacre: Indonesian forces open fire on a crowd of student protesters in Dili, East Timor.

1996 – A Saudi Arabian Airlines Boeing 747 and a Kazakh Ilyushin Il-76 cargo plane collide in mid-air near New Delhi, killing 349. The deadliest mid-air collision to date.

1997 – Ramzi Yousef is found guilty of masterminding the 1993 World Trade Center bombing.

1998 – U.S. Vice President Al Gore signs the Kyoto Protocol.

1998 – Daimler-Benz completes a merger with Chrysler to form Daimler-Chrysler.

1999 – The Düzce earthquake strikes Turkey with a magnitude of 7.2 on the Richter scale.

2001 – In New York City, American Airlines Flight 587, an Airbus A300 ''en route'' to the Dominican Republic, crashes minutes after takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport, killing all 260 on board and five on the ground.

2001 – Attack on Afghanistan: Taliban forces abandon Kabul, Afghanistan, ahead of advancing Afghan Northern Alliance troops.

2003 – Iraq war: in Nasiriya, Iraq, at least 23 people, among them the first Italian casualties of the 2003 invasion of Iraq, are killed in a suicide bomb attack on an Italian police base.

2003 – Shanghai Transrapid sets up a new world speed record () for commercial railway systems.

2004 – The Comparative Toxicogenomics Database is launched on the web and revolutionizes chemical-gene-disease information for research scientists.

Births

1528 – Qi Jiguang, Chinese general (d. 1588)

1547 – Claude of Valois, French princess (d. 1575)

1606 – Jeanne Mance, French settler of New France (d. 1673)

1615 – Richard Baxter, English clergyman (d. 1691)

1651 – Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, Mexican mystic and author (d. 1695)

1684 – Edward Vernon, English Royal Navy admiral (d. 1757)

1729 – Louis Antoine de Bougainville, French explorer (d. 1811)

1755 – Gerhard von Scharnhorst, Prussian general (d. 1813)

1790 – Letitia Christian Tyler, US First Lady (d. 1842)

1795 – Thaddeus William Harris, American naturalist (d. 1856)

1815 – Elizabeth Cady Stanton, American suffragette (d. 1902)

1817 – Bahá'u'lláh, Persian spiritual figure (d. 1892)

1833 – Alexander Borodin, Russian composer and chemist (d. 1887)

1840 – Auguste Rodin, French sculptor (d. 1917)

1842 – John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist, Nobel laureate (d. 1919)

1848 – Eduard Müller, Swiss politician (d. 1919)

1850 – Mikhail Chigorin, Russian chess player (d. 1908)

1866 – Sun Yat-sen, Chinese revolutionary and politician (d. 1925)

1872 – William Fay, Irish actor and theatre producer (d. 1947)

1881 – Olev Siinmaa, Estonian architect (d. 1948)

1881 – Maximilian von Weichs, German field marshal (d. 1954)

1886 – Günther Dyhrenfurth, German geologist, and mountineer (d. 1975)

1886 – Ben Travers, British playwright (d. 1980)

1889 – DeWitt Wallace, American magazine publisher (d. 1981)

1890 – Lily Kronberger, Hungarian figure skater (d. 1974)

1892 – Tudor Davies, Welsh operatic tenor (d. 1958)

1896 – Salim Ali, Indian ornithologist (d. 1987)

1897 – Karl Marx, German composer (d. 1985)

1898 – Leon Štukelj, Slovene gymnast (d. 1999)

1901 – James Luther Adams, American theologian (d. 1994)

1903 – Jack Oakie, American actor (d. 1978)

1908 – Harry Blackmun, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (d. 1999)

1910 – Dudley Nourse, South African cricketer (d. 1981)

1911 – Buck Clayton, American jazz trumpet player (d. 1991)

1915 – Roland Barthes, French critic and writer (d. 1980)

1916 – Rogelio de la Rosa, Filipino actor and politician (d. 1986)

1916 – Paul Emery, English racing driver (d. 1993)

1916 – Jean Papineau-Couture, French-Canadian composer (d. 2000)

1917 – Jo Stafford, American singer (d. 2008)

1920 – Richard Quine, American actor (d. 1989)

1922 – Kim Hunter, American actress (d. 2002)

1923 – Vicco von Bülow, German film director

1924 – Sam Jones, American jazz bassist and cellist (d. 1981)

1927 – Yutaka Taniyama, Japanese mathematician (d. 1958)

1928 – Bob Holness, English presenter and actor

1929 – Michael Ende, German writer (d. 1995)

1929 – Grace Kelly, American actress and Princely consort of Monaco (d. 1982)

1930 – Ann Flood, American actress

1931 – Bob Crewe, American songwriter and producer (The Four Seasons)

1933 – Jalal Talabani, Iraqi politician

1934 – Charles Manson, American cult leader and convicted murderer

1936 – Mills Lane, American jurist, TV personality, and boxing referee

1936 – Mort Shuman, American songwriter and singer (d. 1991)

1938 – Denis DeJordy, Canadian ice hockey player

1938 – Benjamin Mkapa, Tanzanian politician

1939 – Ruby Nash Curtis, American singer (Ruby & the Romantics)

1939 – Terry McDonald, English footballer

1939 – Lucia Popp, Slovakian soprano (d. 1993)

1940 – Michel Audet, Quebec economist and politician

1940 – Jürgen Todenhöfer, German politician

1941 – Carol Gluck, American academic and Japanologist

1943 – Julie Ege, Norwegian actress (d. 2008)

1943 – Brian Hyland, American singer

1943 – Wallace Shawn, American actor and playwright

1943 – Björn Waldegård, Swedish rally driver

1944 – Booker T. Jones, American musician and songwriter (Booker T and the MG's)

1944 – Al Michaels, American television sportscaster

1945 – Tracy Kidder, American journalist and author

1945 – Neil Young, Canadian singer and guitarist (Buffalo Springfield, Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young)

1946 – Krister Henriksson, Swedish actor

1947 – Ron Bryant, American baseball player

1947 – Buck Dharma (born Donald Roeser), American vocalist and guitarist (Blue Öyster Cult)

1947 – Patrice Leconte, French film director and screenwriter

1948 – Errol Brown, English singer (Hot Chocolate)

1948 – Cliff Harris, American football player

1949 – Ron Lapointe, Canadian ice hockey coach (d. 1992)

1949 – Jack Reed, American politician

1949 – Sinyan Shen, American physicist and composer

1950 – Barbara Fairchild, US country music/Gospel singer

1952 – Ronald Burkle, American entrepreneur

1953 – Vasilis Karras, Greek singer

1954 – Rob Lytle, American football player (b. 2010)

1955 – Katharine Weber, American novelist

1958 – Megan Mullally, American actress and singer

1958 – Nick Stellino, Italian-born American television chef

1959 – Vincent Irizarry, American actor

1959 – Toshihiko Sahashi, Japanese composer

1960 – Ismo Alanko, Finnish musician (Hassisen Kone, Sielun Veljet, Ismo Alanko Säätiö)

1960 – Maurane, Belgian singer

1961 – Nadia Comăneci, Romanian gymnast

1961 – Enzo Francescoli, Uruguayan footballer

1961 – Jonathan Nossiter, American film director

1961 – Michaela Paetsch, American violinist

1962 – Mariella Frostrup, Norwegian journalist and television presenter

1962 – Mark Hunter, Canadian ice hockey player

1962 – Neal Shusterman, American writer

1962 – Brix Smith, American singer and guitarist (The Fall, The Adult Net)

1962 – Naomi Wolf, American author and feminist

1963 – Sam Lloyd, American actor

1963 – Susumu Terajima, Japanese actor

1964 – Vic Chesnutt, American singer and songwriter (d. 2009)

1964 – Dave Ellefson, American bassist (Megadeth)

1965 – Lex Lang, American voice actor

1967 – Michael Moorer, American boxer

1967 – Grant Nicholas, British singer (Feeder)

1968 – Glenn Gilbertti, American professional wrestler

1968 – Kathleen Hanna, American singer and songwriter

1968 – Aya Hisakawa, Japanese voice actress and singer

1968 – Sammy Sosa, Dominican baseball player

1968 – Aaron Stainthorpe, British singer (My Dying Bride)

1969 – Ian Bremmer, American political scientist

1969 – Jason Cundy, English footballer and broadcaster

1969 – Johnny Gosch, American kidnap victim

1970 – Donna Adamo, American professional wrestler

1970 – Tonya Harding, American figure skater

1970 – Craig Parker, New Zealand actor

1970 – Harvey Stephens, British actor

1972 – Vassilis Tsiartas, Greek footballer

1973 – Mayte Garcia, American dancer

1973 – Radha Mitchell, Australian actress

1973 – Ethan Zohn, American footballer and reality show contestant

1974 – Tamala Jones, American actress

1975 – Nina Brosh, Israeli model and actress

1975 – Jason Lezak, American swimmer

1975 – Angela Watson, American actress

1976 – Tevin Campbell, American R&B; singer

1976 – Judith Holofernes, German singer (Wir sind Helden)

1976 – Richelle Mead, American writer

1976 – Mirosław Szymkowiak, Polish footballer

1977 – Dalene Kurtis, American model

1977 – Benni McCarthy, South African footballer

1977 – Lee Murray, English mixed martial artist

1978 – Alexandra Maria Lara, Romanian-born German actress

1978 – Andrew Kinlochan, British singer (Phixx)

1978 – Ashley Williams, American actress

1978 – Lena Yada, American actress, model, surfer and professional wrestler

1979 – Matt Cappotelli, American professional wrestler

1979 – Cote de Pablo, Chilean actress

1979 – Lucas Glover, American professional golfer

1979 – Crown J, South Korean hip hop singer and rapper

1979 – Corey Maggette, American basketball player

1980 – Trent Acid, American professional wrestler (d. 2010)

1980 – Ryan Gosling, Canadian actor

1981 – D. J. Campbell, English footballer

1982 – Anne Hathaway, American actress

1982 – Mikele Leigertwood, English footballer

1983 – Carlton Cole, English footballer

1983 – Charlie Morton, American baseball player

1984 – Sepp De Roover, Belgian footballer

1984 – Omarion, American R&B; singer, pianist and songwriter (B2K)

1984 – Sandara Park, South Korean actor, singer/rapper of (2NE1)

1984 – Conrad Rautenbach, Zimbabwean rally driver

1985 – Arianny Celeste, American model

1986 – Evan Yo, Taiwanese pop singer

1987 – Bryan Little, Canadian ice hockey player

1988 – Russell Westbrook, American basketball player

Deaths

607 – Pope Boniface III, Roman-born(birth date unknown)

1035 – King Cnut the Great, Danish-born King of Denmark, England and Norway (b. 985 or 995)

1094 – King Duncan II of Scotland (b. 1060)

1434 – King Louis III of Naples (b. 1403)

1555 – Stephen Gardiner, English statesman (b. 1497)

1567 – Anne de Montmorency, Marshal and Constable of France (b. 1493)

1595 – John Hawkins, English shipbuilder and trader (b. 1532)

1606 – St. Nicholas Owen, English Jesuit and martyr (b. c. 1550)

1667 – Hans Nansen, Danish statesman (b. 1598)

1671 – Thomas Fairfax, English Civil War general (b. 1612)

1742 – Friedrich Hoffmann, German physician and chemist (b. 1660)

1757 – Colley Cibber, English poet (b. 1671)

1793 – Jean Sylvain Bailly, first Mayor of Paris (b. 1736)

1836 – Juan Ramón Balcarce, Argentine military leader and politician (b. 1773)

1865 – Elizabeth Gaskell, English novelist (b. 1810)

1916 – Percival Lowell, American amateur astronomer (b. 1855)

1933 – F. Holland Day, American photographer and publisher (b. 1864)

1939 – Norman Bethune, Canadian doctor and humanitarian (b. 1890)

1941 – Abe "Kid Twist" Reles, American mobster (b. 1907)

1944 – Otto Blumenthal, German mathematician (b. 1876)

1948 – Umberto Giordano, Italian composer (b. 1867)

1955 – Alfréd Hajós, Hungarian swimmer (b. 1878)

1965 – Syedna Taher Saifuddin, Indian-born Bohra Spiritual Leader (b. 1888)

1969 – Liu Shaoqi, Chinese revolutionary, and statesman (b. 1898)

1972 – Rudolf Friml, Czech composer (b. 1879)

1976 – Walter Piston, American composer (b. 1894)

1976 – Mikhail Iosifovich Gurevich, Russian aircraft designer (b. 1893)

1981 – William Holden, American actor (b. 1918)

1984 – Chester Himes, American writer (b. 1909)

1987 – Cornelis Vreeswijk, Dutch-Swedish musician (b. 1937)

1990 – Eve Arden, American actress (b. 1908)

1993 – H. R. Haldeman, American White House Chief of Staff (b. 1926)

1994 – Wilma Rudolph, American runner (b. 1940)

1997 – Carlos Surinach, Spanish composer (b. 1915)

2000 – Leah Rabin (née Schlossberg), German-born widow of Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin (b. 1928)

2000 – Franck Pourcel, French popular orchestra leader (b. 1913)

2001 – Tony Miles, English chess player (b. 1955)

2001 – Albert Hague, German-born American actor and songwriter (b. 1920)

2003 – Cameron Duncan, New Zealand director (b. 1986)

2003 – Kay E. Kuter, American actor (b. 1925)

2003 – Penny Singleton, American actress (b. 1908)

2003 – Tony Thompson, American drummer (Chic, Power Station) (b. 1954)

2003 – Jonathan Brandis, American actor (b. 1976)

2005 – William G. Adams, Canadian politician (b. 1923)

2006 – General Jacob E. Smart, American World War II figure (b. 1909)

2007 – Khanmohammed Ibrahim, Indian cricketer (b. 1919)

2007 – Ira Levin, American novelist (b. 1929)

2008 – Catherine Baker Knoll, American politician (b. 1930)

2008 – Mitch Mitchell, English drummer (The Jimi Hendrix Experience) (b. 1947)

2010 – Henryk Górecki, Polish composer (b. 1933)

2010 – Karl Plutus, Estonian jurist and centenarian (b. 1904)

Holidays and observances

Birth of Bahá'u'lláh, celebration started at sunset the day before. (Bahá'í Faith)

Birth of Sun Yat-Sen, also Doctors' Day and Cultural Renaissance Day. (Taiwan)

Christian Feast Day:

*Cumméne Fota

*Emilian of Cogolla

*Josaphat Kuntsevych

*Nilus of Sinai

*Patiens

*Arsatius

*November 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Constitution Day (Azerbaijan)

External links

BBC: On This Day

On This Day in Canada

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Category:Days of the year Category:November

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name	Ellie Goulding
background	solo_singer
birth name	Elena Jane Goulding
birth date	December 30, 1986
birth place	Hereford, Herefordshire, England
origin	London, England
genre	Indie pop, electropop, synthpop, folktronica
occupation	Singer-songwriter, guitarist, pianist, drummer
instrument	Vocals, guitar, drums, piano, clarinet, tambourine
years active	2007–present
label	Neon Gold, Polydor, Cherrytree, Interscope
associated acts	Starsmith, Diana Vickers, Gabriella Cilmi, Tinie Tempah, Erik Hassle, Lissie, Frankmusik, Lena Meyer-Landrut,Mumford & Sons
website	}}

Elena Jane "Ellie" Goulding (born December 30, 1986) is an English singer-songwriter. In 2010 she became only the second artist to both top the BBC's annual ''Sound of...'' poll, and win the Critics' Choice Award at the BRIT Awards in the same year, following Adele's win of both in 2008. After signing to Polydor Records in 2009, she released her first extended-play recording in 2009, ''An Introduction to Ellie Goulding'', and her debut studio album ''Lights'' followed in 2010. Her album went on to debut at number one on the UK Albums Chart and sold there over 380,000 copies by the end of 2010 and over 620,000 copies in total.

Her musical style has been compared to that of Kate Nash, Lykke Li, Tracey Thorn, and Björk.

Background

Ellie was born and brought up in Hereford, Herefordshire, the second of four children. She began playing the clarinet and writing songs at the age of nine, and at fourteen began learning guitar. She started songwriting at the age of fifteen and while in college she won a singing competition.

After commencing a drama course at the University of Kent, where she was exposed to electronic music, she developed her sound with the help of Frankmusik on the track "Wish I Stayed", and Starsmith, who went on to become her chief collaborator and primary producer of ''Lights''. After two years at Kent, she was advised to take a gap year to pursue singing, and moved to West London.

She is a keen runner, running six miles every day, and in 2010 admitted plans to run a marathon. In support of her second EP, ''Run Into the Light'', she invited a small number of fans through her Facebook pages, to run with her in seven different cities on her UK tour, and has announced that she will be doing the same across Europe and the United States. A website, EllieRuns.com, was launched in support. Goulding's keenness for exercise has given her what is considered to be an impressively athletic physique.

She is currently dating BBC Radio 1's DJ Greg James.

Music career

Early career

Signed to Polydor Records in September 2009, she made her debut single. "Under the Sheets", which was released digitally in the United Kingdom on 15 November 2009, peaking outside the top 40. In October 2009 she toured the UK supporting Little Boots, and appeared on ''Later... with Jools Holland'', performing "Under The Sheets" and "Guns and Horses". "Wish I Stayed" was available as a free download as the UK iTunes Store's 'Single of the Week' from 22–28 December 2009.

''Lights'' and ''Bright Lights''

Before the release of her debut studio album, Goulding won the BBC Sound of 2010 poll, which showcases the critics, broadcasters and music industry insiders' top choices for rising stars and artists for the coming year. She also won the Critics' Choice Award at the 2010 BRIT Awards, which prize made her the second artist to win both in the same year.

The album ''Lights'' was released in March 2010, reaching number one on the UK Albums Chart and number twelve on the Irish Albums Chart. Its singles, "Starry Eyed", "Guns and Horses", and "The Writer" peaked at numbers 4, 26, and 19 respectively. In August 2010, Ellie released a second extended play, ''Run Into the Light'', a remixed version of ''Lights''. The album was supported by Nike and was released through Polydor as a running soundtrack in an effort to get Goulding's music taken up by the national running subculture.

In November 2010, ''Lights'' was re-released as ''Bright Lights'', with six new tracks added. It was originally announced that the lead single from ''Bright Lights'' would be the new edit of the title track with a release scheduled for 1 November 2010. Yet this was scrapped to allow her cover of Elton John's "Your Song" to be released in conjunction with the John Lewis Christmas 2010 advertising campaign in the UK. The single became Goulding's highest-charting single to date, reaching number two on the UK Singles Chart. The song also charted in some European countries in early 2011.

Goulding toured in support of ''Lights'' and supported Passion Pit in March 2010 and John Mayer during his British tour in May 2010. During the summer she performed at a number of festivals. On 29 May she performed at the Dot to Dot Festival in Bristol. She performed a set on 25 June at the 40th annual Glastonbury Festival on the John Peel Stage. Her third EP was a live recording of part of her set at the iTunes Festival 2010. The whole set was later released as part of the iTunes version of ''Bright Lights''. She made her T in the Park debut on 11 July. She played on the Nissan Juke Arena at the 2010 V Festival in late August. In September she was part of the line-up at Bestival 2010 on the Isle of Wight. In support of the album in Europe she performed on the first day of Pukkelpop in Belgium, at the Open'er Festival in Poland and at Benicàssim in Spain. A track from ''Lights'', "Everytime You Go", was featured in the ''Vampire Diaries'' episode "Founder's Day", while "Your Biggest Mistake" appeared in an episode of ''The Inbetweeners''. She began a tour of the United States and Canada in February 2011 to coincide with the release of the American edition of ''Lights''. She will also play at Coachella.

In January 2011 it was announced that the title track from ''Lights'' would serve as the second single from ''Bright Lights''. In early 2011 she recorded an original song for the film ''Life in a Day''. Goulding was featured as number five artist on Rolling Stone Magazine's hotlist in February 2011. In February 2011 she returned to the BRIT Awards where she was nominated for the Best British Female Solo Artist and the Best British Breakthrough Act. Previously she had performed at the BRITs launch party where the nominations were announced. Goulding will headline the 2011 Wakestock Festival in Wales, performing on 8 July. In August she will again perform at the V Festival. Following the re-release of ''Lights'' and the American launch of the album, Goulding said she would soon begin work on a second studio album with an expected release in September 2011. Goulding made her American television debut on ''Jimmy Kimmel Live'' on 7 April 2011 performing "Starry Eyed". She appeared as the musical guest on the 700th episode of the ''Saturday Night Live'', broadcast 7 May 2011 and hosted by Tina Fey. She served as the only live performer at the wedding reception of Prince William and Kate Middleton on 29 April 2011 singing her rendition of Your Song for the couple's first dance as well as her hits The Writer and Starry Eyed and several of William and Kate's personal favourites. She was introduced to Prince William by Tinie Tempah at a music festival during the summer of 2010. Ellie performed, for the second consecutive year, at Radio 1's Big Weekend on Saturday 14 May. On 28 July 2011, the American video version of Starry Eyed was released on Youtube. The video reached over 1 million views in just 3 days. The video features Ellie wearing blue contacts

Untitled second album

In March 2011, Goulding told UK showbiz website Digital Spy that she is recording a currently untitled follow-up to ''Lights''. When asked about the musical direction of the record, Ellie told the site:

The previous month, the site reported that she hopes to release the album at some point in 2011, saying, "I'm not going to go away for ages. It'll be out this year or the start of next."

Work with other artists

Goulding co-wrote "Love Me 'Cause You Want To" for Gabriella Cilmi's second album, ''Ten'', and three songs, "Remake Me + You", "Notice" and "Jumping Into Rivers," for Diana Vickers's debut album, ''Songs from the Tainted Cherry Tree''. Her song "Not Following" was used by Lena Meyer-Landrut on her debut album ''My Cassette Player''. Goulding featured on the rapper Tinie Tempah's fifth official single "Wonderman" from his debut studio album Disc-Overy. Goulding is also featured on American rap duo Chiddy Bang's song "Under the Sheets" on their mixtape ''Airswell''. Frankmusik told Digital Spy he hoped to collaborate with Goulding on his upcoming album. The two previously worked together on Ellie's track ''Wish I Stayed''.

Discography

;Studio albums

2010: ''Lights'' / ''Bright Lights''

2011: TBA

;Extended plays

2009: ''An Introduction to Ellie Goulding''

2010: ''iTunes Festival: London 2010''

2010: ''Run Into the Light''

Awards and nominations

Year	Organization	Nominated Work	Award	Result
			Sound of 2010
2010 BRIT Awards	Critics' Choice
rowspan="2"	Best Female Artist
Best Breakthrough Artist
	Best UK & Ireland Act
2010 MP3 Music Awards	The BNC Award
	Best Female Artist
	Best Breakthrough Artist
rowspan="2"	Best Newcomer
Lights	Best Album
			British Female Solo Artist
British Breakthrough Act
rowspan="2"		Pandora Newcomer of the Year 2011

References

External links

Category:1986 births Category:Alumni of the University of Kent Category:BRIT Award winners Category:English electronic musicians Category:English female guitarists Category:English female singers Category:English pop guitarists Category:English pop pianists Category:English pop singers Category:English singer-songwriters Category:English vegetarians Category:English-language singers Category:Folktronica Category:Indie pop musicians Category:Living people Category:People from Hereford Category:Polydor Records artists Category:Synthpop musicians

bg:Ели Голдинг cs:Ellie Goulding da:Ellie Goulding de:Ellie Goulding es:Ellie Goulding fr:Ellie Goulding id:Ellie Goulding it:Ellie Goulding hu:Ellie Goulding nl:Ellie Goulding pcd:Ellie Goulding pl:Ellie Goulding pt:Ellie Goulding ro:Ellie Goulding ru:Голдинг, Элли fi:Ellie Goulding sv:Ellie Goulding tr:Ellie Goulding zh:愛莉格

Consort	yes
full name	Grace Patricia Kelly
succession	Princess consort of Monaco
reign	April 19, 1956 – September 14, 1982
spouse	Rainier III, Prince of Monaco
issue	Caroline, Princess of HanoverAlbert II, Prince of MonacoPrincess Stéphanie of Monaco
titles	''HSH'' The Princess of Monaco''Miss'' Grace Patricia Kelly
house	House of Grimaldi
father	John B. Kelly, Sr.
mother	Margaret Katherine Majer
birth date	November 12, 1929
birth place	Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, US
death date	September 14, 1982
death place	Monaco
place of burial	Monaco Cathedral
occupation	Actress
religion	Roman Catholicism
signature	Grace Kelly Signature.jpg }}

Grace Patricia Kelly (November 12, 1929September 14, 1982) was an American actress who, in April 1956, married Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, to become Princess consort of Monaco, styled as Her Serene Highness The Princess of Monaco, and commonly referred to as Princess Grace.

After embarking on an acting career in 1950, at the age of 20, Grace Kelly appeared in New York City theatrical productions as well as in more than forty episodes of live drama productions broadcast during the early 1950s Golden Age of Television. In October 1953, with the release of ''Mogambo'', she became a movie star, a status confirmed in 1954 with a Golden Globe Award and Academy Award nomination as well as leading roles in five films, including ''The Country Girl'', in which she gave a deglamorized, Academy Award-winning performance. She retired from acting at 26 to enter upon her duties in Monaco. She and Prince Rainier had three children: Caroline, Albert, and Stéphanie. She also retained her American roots, maintaining dual US and Monégasque citizenships.

She died on September 14, 1982, when she lost control of her automobile and crashed after suffering a stroke. Her daughter Princess Stéphanie, who was in the car with her, survived the accident.

In June 1999, the American Film Institute ranked her No.13 in their list of top female stars of American cinema.

Family

A native of Philadelphia, Grace Kelly was born to John Brendan "Jack" Kelly, and his wife, Margaret Katherine Majer. The newborn was named in memory of her father's sister, who had died at a young age. She was raised Catholic by her parents, and was of Irish and German descent. Before her marriage, Majer studied physical education at Temple University and later became the first woman to head the Physical Education Department at the University of Pennsylvania. Jack Kelly was a local hero as a triple Olympic-gold-medal-winning sculler, and became wealthy as his construction company became the largest such enterprise on the East Coast. Registering as a Democrat, he obtained the party's nomination for mayor in the 1935 election and lost by the closest margin for any Democrat in the city's electoral history. In later years, he served on the Fairmount Park Commission and, during World War II, was appointed by President Roosevelt as National Director of Physical Fitness.

When Grace was born, the Kellys already had two children, Margaret Katherine, known as Peggy (June 13, 1925 – November 23, 1991) and John Brendan, Jr., known as Kell (May 24, 1927 – May 2, 1985). Another daughter, Elizabeth Anne, known as Lizanne (June 25, 1933 – November 24, 2009), was born three and a half years after Grace.

At Margaret's baptism in 1925, Jack Kelly's mother, Mary Costello Kelly, expressed her disappointment that the baby was not named Grace in memory of her last daughter who died young. Upon his mother's death the following year, Jack Kelly resolved that his next daughter would bear the name and, three years later, with the arrival of Grace Patricia in November 1929, his late mother's wish was honored.

Following in his father's athletic footsteps, John Jr. won in 1947 the James E. Sullivan Award as the country's top amateur athlete. Also, similar to his father's gold medals in rowing at the 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics, he competed in the sport at the 1948, 1952 and the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne where, on November 27, seven months after his sister's Monaco wedding, he won a bronze medal, which he gave to her as a gift of the occasion. He also served as a city councilman and Philadelphia's Kelly Drive is named for him.

Two of Grace Kelly's uncles were prominent in the arts; her father's eldest brother, Walter C. Kelly (1873–1939), was a vaudeville star whose nationally known act, ''The Virginia Judge'', was filmed as a 1930 MGM short and a 1935 Paramount feature, and another older brother, George Kelly (1887–1974), estranged from the family due to his homosexuality, became renowned in the 1920s as a dramatist, screenwriter and director with a hit comedy-drama, ''The Show Off'', in 1924–25, and was awarded the 1926 Pulitzer Prize for Drama for his next play, ''Craig's Wife''.

Acting career

name	Grace Kelly
birth name	Grace Patricia Kelly
years active	1950–1956 }}

While attending Ravenhill Academy, a prestigious Catholic girls' school, Kelly modeled fashions at local social events with her mother and sisters. In 1942, at the age of twelve, she played a lead in ''Don't Feed the Animals'', a play produced by the East Falls Old Academy Players. During high school, she acted and danced, graduating in May 1947 from Stevens School, a small private institution in a mansion on Walnut Lane in the Northwest Philadelphia neighborhood of Germantown. Her graduation yearbook listed her favorite actress as Ingrid Bergman and her favorite actor as Joseph Cotten. Written in the "Stevens' Prophecy" section was, “Miss Grace P. Kelly – a famous star of stage and screen.”

Theater and television

Because of low mathematics scores, Kelly was rejected by Bennington College in July 1947. To the dismay of her parents—despite his brothers' occupations, her father viewed acting as "a slim cut above streetwalker"—Kelly decided to pursue her dreams of a career in the theater. For an audition into the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York she used a scene from her uncle's 1923 play ''The Torch-Bearers''. Although the school had already selected its semester quota, Kelly obtained an interview with the school's admission officer, Emile Diestel, and was admitted due to her uncle George. Living in Manhattan's Barbizon Hotel for Women, a prestigious establishment which barred men from entering after 10 pm, and working as a model to support her studies, Kelly began her first term the following October. A diligent student, she would use a tape recorder to practice and perfect her speech. Her early acting pursuits led her to the stage, most notably a Broadway debut in Strindberg's ''The Father'' alongside Raymond Massey. At 19, her graduation performance was as Tracy Lord in ''The Philadelphia Story''.

Television producer Delbert Mann cast Kelly as Bethel Merriday, an adaptation of the Sinclair Lewis novel of the same name, in her first of nearly sixty live television programs. Success on television eventually brought her a role in a major motion picture. Kelly made her film debut in a small role in the 1951 film ''Fourteen Hours''. She was noticed during a visit to the set by Gary Cooper, who subsequently starred with her in ''High Noon''. Cooper was charmed by Kelly and said that she was "different from all these actresses we've been seeing so much of." However, her performance in ''Fourteen Hours'' was not noticed by critics, and did not lead to her receiving other film acting roles. She continued her work in the theater and on television, although she lacked "vocal horsepower" and would likely not have had a lengthy stage career. Kelly was performing in Colorado’s Elitch Gardens when she received a telegram from Hollywood producer Stanley Kramer, offering her a co-starring role opposite Gary Cooper in ''High Noon''.

Actress for MGM

Kelly's role as Linda Nordley in MGM's production of ''Mogambo'' garnered her a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and her first Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress. Although ''High Noon'' increased Kelly's prominence in Hollywood, director John Ford noticed her by seeing a 1950 screen test which showed, he said, that Kelly had "breeding, quality and class". Gene Tierney was initially cast in the role, but due to emotional problems dropped out at the last minute, and the studio flew Kelly to Los Angeles to audition in September 1952. She won the role, along with a 7-year contract at the relatively low salary of $850 a week. Kelly signed the deal under two conditions: First that, one out of every two years, she have time off to work in the theater and second, that she be able to live in New York City, at the now-landmarked Manhattan House, at 200 E. 66th Street. Just two months later, in November, the cast arrived in Nairobi to begin production. She later told Hollywood columnist Hedda Hopper, "''Mogambo'' had three things that interested me. John Ford, Clark Gable, and a trip to Africa with expenses paid. If ''Mogambo'' had been made in Arizona, I wouldn't have done it." The filming timetable afforded her opportunity to indulge in types of activities that undoubtedly would not have been broadcast to the likes of Hedda Hopper or her reading public. Kelly and ''Mogambo'' co-star Ava Gardner enjoyed a break in the production schedule to journey to Rome and supposedly spent time there "brothel-hopping."

After the success of ''Mogambo'', Kelly starred in a TV play ''The Way of an Eagle'', with Jean-Pierre Aumont before being cast in the film adaptation of Frederick Knott's Broadway hit ''Dial M for Murder''. Director Alfred Hitchcock also saw the 1950 screen test and would become one of Kelly's last mentors. He took full advantage of Kelly's virginal beauty on-camera. In a scene in which her character Margot Wendice is nearly murdered, a struggle breaks out between her and her would-be-killer Tony Dawson as she kicks her legs and flails her arms attempting to fight off her killer. ''Dial M for Murder'' opened in theaters in May 1954 to both positive reviews and box-office triumph.

Kelly began filming scenes for her next film, ''The Bridges at Toko-Ri'', in January 1954 with William Holden. The role of Nancy, the wife of naval officer Harry (Holden), proved to be a minor but pivotal part of the story. Released in January 1955, ''The New Yorker'' wrote of Kelly and Holden's unbridled on-screen chemistry, taking note of Kelly's performance of the part "with quiet confidence."

In committing to the role of Lisa Fremont in ''Rear Window'', Kelly unhesitatingly turned down the opportunity to star alongside Marlon Brando in ''On the Waterfront'', which won her replacement, Eva Marie Saint, an Academy Award. "All through the making of ''Dial M for Murder'', he [Hitchcock] sat and talked to me about ''Rear Window'' all the time, even before we had discussed my being in it." Much like the shooting of ''Dial M for Murder'', Kelly and Hitchcock shared a close bond of humor and admiration. Sometimes, however, minor strife would emerge on set concerning the wardrobe:

Kelly's new co-star, James Stewart, was highly enthusiastic about working with her. The role of Lisa Fremont, a wealthy Manhattan socialite and model, was unlike any of the previous women which she had played. For the very first time, she was an independent career woman. Stewart played a speculative photographer with a broken leg, bound to a wheelchair and so reduced to curiously observing the happenings outside his window. Kelly is not seen until twenty-two minutes into the movie. Just as he had done earlier, Hitchcock provided the camera with a slow-sequenced silhouette of Kelly, along with a close-up of the two stars kissing and finally lingering closely on her profile. With the film's opening in October 1954, Kelly was again praised. ''Variety'''s film critic remarked on the casting, commenting about the "earthy quality to the relationship between Stewart and Miss Kelly. Both do a fine job of the picture's acting demands."

Kelly won the role of Bing Crosby's long-suffering wife, Georgie Elgin, in ''The Country Girl'', after a pregnant Jennifer Jones bowed out. Already familiar with the play, Kelly was desperate for the part. This meant that, to MGM's dismay, she would have to be loaned out to Paramount. Kelly threatened the studio that she would pack her bags and leave for New York for good. The vanquished studio caved in, and the part was hers.

The film also paired Kelly again with William Holden. The wife of a washed-up alcoholic singer, played by Crosby, Kelly's character is emotionally torn between two lovers. Holden willfully begs Kelly to leave her husband and be with him. A piece of frail tenderness manages to cloak itself inside of her, even after having been demonized by Crosby, describing "a pathetic hint of frailty in a wonderful glowing man. That appeals a lot to us. It did to me. I was so young. His weaknesses seemed touching and sweet, they made me love him more."

As a result of her performance in ''The Country Girl'', Kelly was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress. Her main competitor for the prize was Judy Garland's much heralded comeback performance in ''A Star Is Born''; playing not only the part of an up and coming actress-singer, but also ironically, the wife of an alcoholic movie star. Although Kelly won the New York Film Critics Circle Award for best actress for her performances in her three big movie roles of 1954 (''Rear Window'', ''Dial M For Murder'', and ''The Country Girl''), she and Garland both received Golden Globe Awards for their respective performances.

By the following March, the race between Kelly and Garland for the Oscar was very close. On the night of the Academy Awards telecast, March 30, 1955, Garland was unable to attend because she was in the hospital having just given birth to her son, Joseph Luft. However, she was rumored to be the odds-on favorite, and NBC Television cameras were set up in her hospital room so that if she was announced as the winner, Garland could make her acceptance speech live from her hospital bed. However, when William Holden announced Kelly as the winner, the technicians immediately dismantled the cameras without saying one word to Garland. Garland was reported not to have been very gracious about Kelly's win, saying in later years, "I didn't appreciate Grace Kelly taking off her makeup and walking away with my Oscar."

In April 1954, Kelly flew to Colombia for a 10-day shoot on her next project, ''Green Fire'', with Stewart Granger. Kelly plays Catherine Knowland, a coffee plantation owner. In Granger's autobiography he writes of his distaste for the film's script, while Kelly later confided to Hedda Hopper, "It wasn't pleasant. We worked at a pathetic village – miserable huts and dirty. Part of the crew got shipwrecked ... It was awful." ''Green Fire'' was a critical and box-office failure.

After the back-to-back filming of ''Rear Window'', ''Toko-Ri'', ''Country Girl'' and ''Green Fire'', Kelly flew to France, along with department store heir Bernard "Barney" Strauss, to begin work on her third and last film for Alfred Hitchcock, ''To Catch a Thief''. Kelly and her co-star, Cary Grant, developed a mutual admiration. The two cherished their time together for the rest of their lives. Years later, when asked to name his all-time favorite actress, Grant replied without hesitation: "Well, with all due respect to dear Ingrid Bergman, I much preferred Grace. She had serenity." The fireworks scene has been the subject of much commentary, as Hitchcock peppers an undertone of sexual innuendo during the sequence.

Marriage

Kelly headed the US delegation at the Cannes Film Festival in April 1955. While there, she was invited to participate in a photo session at the Palace of Monaco with Prince Rainier III, the sovereign of the principality. After a series of delays and complications, Kelly met the prince in Monaco.

Upon returning to America, Kelly began work on ''The Swan'', in which she coincidentally portrayed a princess. Meanwhile, she was privately beginning a correspondence with Rainier. In December, Rainier came to America on a trip officially designated as a tour, although it was speculated that Rainier was actively seeking a wife. A 1918 treaty with France stated that if Rainier did not produce an heir, Monaco would revert to France as a result of the Monaco Succession Crisis of 1918. At a press conference in the United States, Rainier was asked if he was pursuing a wife, to which he answered, "No." A second question was posed, asking, "If you ''were'' pursuing a wife, what kind would you like?" Rainier smiled and answered, "I don't know – the best." Rainier met Kelly and her family, and after three days, the prince proposed. Kelly accepted and the families began preparing for what the press called "The Wedding of the Century." Kelly and her family had to provide Prince Rainier with a dowry of 2 million USD in order for the marriage to go ahead. The religious wedding was set for April 19, 1956. News of the engagement was a sensation even though it meant the possible end to Kelly's film career. Industry professionals realized that it would have been impractical for her to continue acting and wished her well, and Kelly was uninterested in remaining an actress as she aged. Alfred Hitchcock had quipped that he was "very happy that Grace has found herself such a good part."

Preparations for the wedding were elaborate. The Palace of Monaco was painted and redecorated throughout. On April 4, 1956, leaving from Pier 84 in New York Harbor, Kelly, with her family, bridesmaids, poodle, and over eighty pieces of luggage boarded the ocean liner SS ''Constitution'' for the French Riviera. Some 400 reporters applied to sail, though most were turned away. Thousands of fans sent the party off for the eight-day voyage. In Monaco, more than 20,000 people lined the streets to greet the future princess consort.

That same year, MGM released Kelly's last film, the musical comedy ''High Society'' (based on the studio's 1940 comedy ''Philadelphia Story''). One highlight of the film was Kelly's duet with Bing Crosby, singing "True Love," with words and music by Cole Porter.

Princess of Monaco

Kelly and Rainier had both civil and religious weddings. The 40-minute civil ceremony took place in the Palace Throne Room of Monaco on April 18, 1956, and was broadcast across Europe. To cap the ceremony, the 142 official titles (counterparts of Rainier's) that Kelly acquired in the union were formally recited. The following day the church ceremony took place at Monaco's Saint Nicholas Cathedral. Kelly's wedding dress, designed by MGM's Academy Award–winning Helen Rose, was worked on for six weeks by three dozen seamstresses. The bridesmaid's gowns were designed by Joe Allen Hong at Neiman Marcus after Lawrence Marcus visited Monaco. The 600 guests included Hollywood stars David Niven and his wife Hjördis, Gloria Swanson, Ava Gardner, the crowned head Aga Khan, Gloria Guinness, Daisy Fellowes, Etti Plesch, Lady Diana Cooper and Conrad Hilton. Frank Sinatra initially accepted an invitation but at the last minute decided otherwise, afraid of upstaging the bride on her wedding day. The ceremony was watched by an estimated 30 million people on television. The prince and princess left that night for their seven-week Mediterranean honeymoon cruise on Rainier's yacht, ''Deo Juvante II''.

As Princess of Monaco, she founded AMADE Mondiale, a Monaco-based non-profit organization eventually recognized by the UN as a Non-Governmental Organization. According to UNESCO's website, AMADE promotes and protects the "moral and physical integrity" and "spiritual well-being of children throughout the world, without distinction of race, nationality or religion and in a spirit of complete political independence." Her daughter Princess Caroline carries the torch for AMADE today in her role as President.

Children and family

Princess Grace gave birth to the couple's first child, Princess Caroline, nine months and four days after the wedding. Twenty-one guns announced the event, a national holiday was called, gambling ceased, and free champagne flowed throughout the principality. A little over a year later, 101 guns announced the birth of their second child, Prince Albert. Prince Rainier and Princess Grace had three children:

Caroline Louise Marguerite, Princess of Hanover, born January 23, 1957, and now heiress presumptive to the throne of Monaco

Albert II, Prince of Monaco, born March 14, 1958, current ruler of the Principality of Monaco

Princess Stéphanie Marie Elisabeth, born February 1, 1965.

Later years

After the wedding, Prince Rainier banned the screening of Kelly's films. Hitchcock offered Kelly the lead in his film ''Marnie'' in 1962. She was eager, but public outcry in Monaco against her involvement in a film that portrayed her as a kleptomaniac made her reconsider and ultimately reject the project. Director Herbert Ross attempted to lure Princess Grace for his 1977 film ''The Turning Point'', but Prince Rainier quashed the idea. Later that year, Kelly returned to the arts in a series of poetry readings on stage and the narration of the documentary ''The Children of Theater Street''. She also narrated ABC's made-for-television film ''The Poppy Is Also a Flower'' (1966).

As princess, Kelly was active in improving the arts institutions of Monaco, and eventually the Princess Grace Foundation was formed to support local artisans. She was one of the first celebrities to support and speak on behalf of La Leche League, an organization that advocates breastfeeding; she planned a yearly Christmas party for local orphans, and dedicated a Garden Club that reflected her love of flowers.

Kelly was also a member of the International Best Dressed List since 1960.

In 1981, the Prince and Princess celebrated their 25th wedding anniversary.

Personal life

Kelly was the object of the tabloids and gossip throughout her life. Her love life was a particular focus of speculation. Stories of affairs circulated from her first major role in motion pictures and eventually included the names of almost every major actor at the time. It is likely that many of the stories are exaggerated, although she is believed to have had affairs with all of her leading men apart from James Stewart.

During the making of ''Dial M for Murder'', her co-star Ray Milland probably seduced her. Milland was 22 years older than she. Milland was married to Muriel Milland for thirty years, and the couple had a son. Milland assured Kelly that he had left his wife, which she would later find out to have been a lie. Muriel Milland was one of the most popular wives in Hollywood and had the support of many friends, including gossip columnist Hedda Hopper. After Muriel Milland found out about the alleged affair, Kelly was branded a homewrecker. After Kelly gave a press interview explaining her side of the story the town seemed to lose interest in the scandal. It was never proven that Kelly actually succumbed to Milland's advances; in fact, her friends at the time, such as Rita Gam, believed she had little interest in him.

Russian fashion designer Oleg Cassini, having just seen ''Mogambo'' earlier that evening, encountered Grace Kelly having dinner at Le Veau d'Or. Formerly married to actress Gene Tierney, the original choice to play ''Mogambo'''s Linda Nordley, Cassini was raised in Florence and had a cultured air with an abundance of charm and courtliness. He became just as captivated by Kelly in person as he had been while watching her in the film and soon piqued her curiosity by sending her a daily bouquet of red roses. His persistence paid off when she accepted his invitation to lunch, with the provision that her eldest sister, Peggy, join them. Although Kelly and Cassini almost married, their relationship ended with her parents' refusal to accept a divorced non-Catholic as a future son-in-law.

When she was a princess, Prince Rainier laid down a list of strict rules when it came to the encounters with the Princess at the palace, which included, no autographs, no photographs, no audio recording devices, and nobody was allowed to leave the room for anything, unless, and until, the Princess left the room first, so that she would avoid being trapped by a mob of fans. This observation was reported in 1963. Whether either had extramarital affairs is unclear, but the couple had become closer before Kelly's death.

In a 1960s interview, Kelly explained how she had grown to accept the scrutiny as a part of being in the public eye, but expressed concern for her children’s exposure to such relentless scandalmongering. After her death, celebrity biographers chronicled the rumors with renewed enthusiasm.

Friendship with Josephine Baker

In 1951, the newly famous Kelly took a bold stand against a racist incident involving Black American expatriate singer/dancer Josephine Baker, when Sherman Billingsley's Stork Club in New York refused Baker as a customer. Kelly, who was dining at the club when this happened, was so disgusted that she rushed over to Baker (whom she had never met), took her by the arm, and stormed out with her entire party, vowing never to return (and she never did). The two women became close friends after that night. A significant testament to their close friendship was made evident when Baker was near bankruptcy, and was offered a villa and financial assistance by Kelly (who by that time had become The Princess of Monaco) and her husband Rainier III of Monaco. The princess also encouraged Baker to return to performing and financed Baker's triumphant comeback in 1975, attending the opening night's performance. When Baker died, the Princess secured her burial in Monaco.

Death

On September 13, 1982, while driving with her daughter Stéphanie to Monaco from their country home on the French side of the border, Princess Grace suffered a stroke, which caused her to drive her Rover P6 off the serpentine road down a mountainside. The accident site is located at . Grace was pulled alive from the wreckage, but had suffered serious injuries and was unconscious. She died the following day at the Monaco Hospital (renamed ''Centre Hospitalier Princesse Grace'' – "The Princess Grace Hospital Centre" in English—in 1985), having never regained consciousness. Kelly was 52 years old. It was initially reported that Princess Stéphanie suffered only minor bruising, although it later emerged that she had suffered a serious cervical fracture.Grace was overweight at the time of her death and a postmortem examination revealed that she had extensive arteriosclerosis and accumulation of fatty plaques in her circulatory system. The medical examiner listed this as a contributing factor in the stroke she had suffered.

Grace was buried in the Grimaldi family vault on September 18, 1982, after a requiem mass in Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Monaco. The 400 guests at the service included representatives of foreign governments and of present and past European royal houses. Diana, Princess of Wales represented the British royal family. Cary Grant was among the members of the film community in attendance. Nearly 100 million people worldwide watched her funeral. Prince Rainier, who did not remarry, was buried alongside her following his death in 2005.

In his eulogy, James Stewart said:

Legacy

The Princess Grace Foundation, Monaco was founded in 1964 with the aim of helping those with special needs for whom no provision was made within the ordinary social services. In 1983, following Princess Grace's death, Caroline, Princess of Hanover assumed the duties of President of the Board of Trustees of the Foundation. Albert II, Prince of Monaco is Vice-President.

The Princess Grace Foundation-USA (PGF-USA) was established following the death of Princess Grace of Monaco to continue the work that she had done, anonymously, during her lifetime, assisting emerging theater, dance and film artists in America. Incorporated in 1982, PGF-USA is headquartered in New York and is a tax-exempt, not-for-profit, publicly supported organization. The Princess Grace Awards, a program of the Princess Grace Foundation-USA, has awarded nearly 500 artists at more than 100 institutions in the U.S. with more than $7 million to date. The Princess Grace Foundation-USA also holds the exclusive rights to, and facilitates the licensing of, Princess Grace of Monaco's name and likeness throughout the world. Princess Grace Foundation-USA

On June 18, 1984, Prince Rainier inaugurated a public rose garden in Monaco in Princess Grace's memory because of her passion for the flower.

In 1993, Princess Grace became the first U.S. actress to appear on a U.S. postage stamp.

During her pregnancy in 1956, Princess Grace was frequently photographed clutching a distinctive leather hand-bag manufactured by Hermes. The purse, or Sac à dépêches, was likely a shield to prevent Kelly's baby bump from being exposed to the prying eyes of the Paparazzi. However, the photographs popularized the purse and became so closely associated with the fashion icon that the purse would thereafter be known as the Kelly Bag.

In 2003, 83 years after Olympic Gold Medalist John Kelly, Sr. was refused entry to the most prestigious rowing event in the world, the Henley Royal Regatta renamed the Women's Quadruple Sculls after his daughter, "Princess Grace Challenge Cup". Princess Grace was invited to present the prizes at the Henley Royal Regatta in 1981 as a peace offering by the Henley Stewards to put a long conflict (61 years) between the Kelly family and Stewards to rest. Her brother, John Kelly, Jr., won the Diamond Sculls at Henley in 1947 and 1949 as well as a Bronze Medal in the single sculls at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne. In 2004 her son, Prince Albert, presented the prizes at the Henley Royal Regatta.

On April 1, 2006, The Philadelphia Museum of Art presented an exhibition entitled, ''Fit for a Princess: Grace Kelly's Wedding Dress'', that ran through May 21, 2006. The exhibition was in honor of the 50th anniversary of Princess Grace and Prince Rainier's wedding.

To commemorate the 25th anniversary of her death €2 commemorative coins were issued on July 1, 2007 with the "national" side bearing the image of Princess Grace. In Monaco (at the Grimaldi Forum) and the United States (at Sotheby's) a large Princess Grace exhibition, coordinated by the Princely Family, called "Grace, Princess of Monaco: A Tribute to the Life and Legacy of Grace Kelly", celebrated her life and her contribution to the arts through her Foundation.

In October 2009, a plaque was placed on the "Rodeo Drive Walk of Style" in recognition of Princess Grace's contributions to style and fashion.

In November 2009, to commemorate what would have been her 80th birthday TCM named her as star of the month which saw Prince Albert II pay a special tribute to his mother.

Titles and styles

Titles held by the Princess of Monaco, in chronological order:

''Miss'' Grace Patricia Kelly (November 12, 1929 – April 18, 1956)

''Her Serene Highness'' The Princess of Monaco (April 18, 1956 – September 14, 1982)

Princess Grace's official style and title was: ''Her Serene Highness'' The Princess of Monaco, Duchess of Valentinois, Marchioness of Baux, Countess of Carlades, Baroness of Saint-Lô, 101 times Dame. Upon her marriage to Prince Ranier III, she received 138 titles in all.

Screen credits

Filmography

{| class=wikitable |- style="background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;" | Year || Title || Role || Director || Co-stars |- | 1951 || ''Fourteen Hours'' || Louise Ann Fuller || Henry Hathaway || Paul Douglas, Richard Basehart, Barbara Bel Geddes |- | 1952 || ''High Noon'' || Amy Fowler Kane || Fred Zinnemann || Gary Cooper, Katy Jurado, Lloyd Bridges, Thomas Mitchell |- | 1953 || ''Mogambo'' || Linda Nordley || John Ford || Clark Gable, Ava Gardner |- | rowspan=5|1954 || ''Dial M for Murder'' || Margot Mary Wendice || Alfred Hitchcock || Ray Milland, Robert Cummings, John Williams |- | ''Rear Window'' || Lisa Carol Fremont || Alfred Hitchcock || James Stewart, Wendell Corey, Thelma Ritter, Raymond Burr |- |''The Country Girl'' || Georgie Elgin || George Seaton || Bing Crosby, William Holden |- | ''Green Fire'' || Catherine Knowland || Andrew Marton || Stewart Granger |- |''The Bridges at Toko-Ri'' || Nancy Brubaker || Mark Robson || William Holden, Fredric March, Mickey Rooney, Earl Holliman |- | 1955 || ''To Catch a Thief'' || Frances Stevens || Alfred Hitchcock || Cary Grant |- | rowspan=2|1956 || ''The Swan'' || Princess Alexandra || Charles Vidor || Alec Guinness, Louis Jourdan |- | ''High Society'' || Tracy Samantha Lord || Charles Walters || Bing Crosby, Frank Sinatra, Celeste Holm |}

Television appearances and filmography

{| class=wikitable |- style="background:#b0c4de; text-align:center;" | Year || TV series and network || Date of broadcast and episode title || Episode sequence || Cast, writer, director and explanatory notes |- | 1948 || ''Kraft Television Theatre''(NBC) || November 3, 1948:"Old Lady Robbins" || season 2 episode 7 || Ethel Owen, ''Grace Kelly'' |- | rowspan=16|1950 || ''The Philco Television Playhouse''(NBC) || January 8, 1950:"Bethel Merriday" || season 2 episode 19 || ''Grace Kelly'' as Bethel Merriday, Oliver Thorndike, Warren Stevens, Katherine Meskill, Mary Patton, Frank Stephens, Mary K. Wells—————adapted from novel by Sinclair Lewisdirected by Delbert Mann |- | ''Ripley's Believe It or Not''(NBC) || January 11, 1950:"The Voice of Obsession" || season 2 episode 2 || John Hudson, Hildy Parks, ''Grace Kelly'' |- | ''Westinghouse Studio One''(CBS) || January 23, 1950:"The Rockingham Tea Set" || season 2 episode 20 || Starring Louise Allbritton as Celia Arden; Featuring Catherine Willard as Mrs. Arden, Judson Laire as Dr. Waller, Katherine Emmet as Mrs. Gregory; Introducing ''Grace Kelly'' as Sara Mappin, Richard McMurray as David Barr; Other players Cecil Scott and Nell Harrison—————by Virginia Douglas Dawsonadapted by Worthington Miner and Matthew E. Harlibdirected by Franklin Schaffner |- | ''The Philco Television Playhouse''(NBC) || February 12, 1950:"Ann Rutledge" || season 2 episode 24 || ''Grace Kelly'' as Ann Rutledge, Stephen Courtleigh as Abraham Lincoln |- | ''Actors Studio''(CBS) || March 3, 1950:"The Apple Tree" || season 2 episode 22 || John Merivale, Patricia Kirkland, ''Grace Kelly''host: Marc Connelly |- | ''Cads, Scoundrels and Ladies''(NBC) || April 25, 1950:"The Lovesick Robber" || drama special || one-time hour-long live presentation replacing ''The Original Amateur Hour''''Grace Kelly'' appears in "The Lovesick Robber", one of the comedy-drama one-act plays |- |''The Play's the Thing''(CBS) || May 26, 1950:"The Token" || season 1 episode 7 || Mark Roberts, ''Grace Kelly''host: Marc Connelly |- | ''The Play's the Thing''(CBS) || June 9, 1950:"The Swan" || season 1 episode 8 || ''Grace Kelly'' as Princess Alexandra [the role she will play again in the 1956 film], George Keane as Nicholas Agi, Alfred Ryder as Prince Albert, Jane Hoffman as Princess Beatrix, Leopoldine Konstantin as Queen Maria Dominika, Dennis Hoey as Father Hyacinth—————adapted from play by Ferenc Molnárhost: Marc Connelly; directed by David Pressman |- | ''Comedy Theater''(CBS) || July 9, 1950:"Summer Had Better Be Good" || season 1 episode 1 || ''Grace Kelly''—————by Ruth McKenney |- |''Lights Out''(NBC) || July 17, 1950: "The Devil to Pay" || season 2 episode 45 || Jonathan Harris, ''Grace Kelly'', Theodore Marcusedirected by William Corrigan |- | ''Big Town''(CBS) || October 5, 1950: "The Pay-Off" || season 1 episode 1 || Patrick McVey, Mary K. Wells, ''Grace Kelly''directed by David Lowell Rich |- | ''The Clock''(NBC) || October 20, 1950:"Vengeance" || season 2 episode 4 || Torin Thatcher, ''Grace Kelly''—————adapted from novella by Balzacdirected by Grey Lockwood |- | ''The Web''(CBS) || November 1, 1950: "Mirror of Delusion" || season 1 episode 18 || Hugh Franklin, Anna Lee, ''Grace Kelly'', Mary Stuarthost: Jonathan Blake |- | ''Somerset Maugham TV Theatre''(CBS) || November 15, 1950 || season 1 episode 5 || Leo Penn, ''Grace Kelly''—————adapted from story by W. Somerset Maughamhost: W. Somerset Maugham |- | ''Danger''(CBS) || December 19, 1950:"The Sergeant and the Doll" || season 1 episode 13 || Laura Weber, ''Grace Kelly'', James Westerfieldhost: Richard Stark |- | ''The Philco Television Playhouse''(NBC) || December 31, 1950:"Leaf Out of a Book" || season 3 episode 17 || Vicki Cummings, Lauren Gilbert, ''Grace Kelly'', Claudia Morgan [restaged, again on NBC, with most of the same cast, on ''Goodyear Television Playhouse'', broadcast July 6, 1952] |- | rowspan=6|1951 || ''The Prudential Family Playhouse''(CBS) || February 13, 1951:"Berkeley Square" || season 1 episode 10 || Richard Greene as Peter Standish, ''Grace Kelly'' as Helen Pettigrew, Rosalind Ivan as Lady Ann Pettigrew, Mary Scott as Kate Pettigrew—————adapted from play by John L. Balderston |- | ''Nash Airflyte Theater''(CBS) || February 22, 1951:"A Kiss for Mr. Lincoln" || season 1 episode 23 || Richard Greene, ''Grace Kelly'', Bruce Gordon, Sarah Cunningham, Sarah Floydhost: William Gaxtondirected by David Pressman |- | ''Fourteen Hours''(TCF) || first screening:March 6, 1951 || first feature film || Paul Douglas, Richard Basehart, Barbara Bel Geddes, Debra Paget, Agnes Moorehead, Robert Keith, Howard Da Silva, Jeffrey Hunter, Martin Gabel, ''Grace Kelly''directed by Henry Hathaway |- | ''Armstrong Circle Theatre''(NBC) || June 5, 1951:"Lover's Leap" || season 1 episode 53 || Leslie Nielsen, ''Grace Kelly'', Don Murphy, Alan Abel, Larry Buchanan, Michael Keith, Charles Mendick |- | ''Armstrong Circle Theatre''(NBC) || November 27, 1951: "Brand from the Burning" || season 2 episode 11 || Thomas Coley, ''Grace Kelly''host: Nelson Case |- | ''The Philco Television Playhouse''(NBC) || December 30, 1951: "The Sisters" || season 4 episode 6 || Leslie Nielsen, ''Grace Kelly'', Dorothy Peterson, Natalie Schafer—————by Robert Alan Aurthurdirected by Gordon Duff |- | rowspan=16|1952 || ''CBS Television Workshop''(CBS) || January 13, 1952:"Don Quixote" || season 1 episode 4 || Boris Karloff as Don Quixote, Jimmy Savo as Sancho Panza, ''Grace Kelly'' as Dulcinea—————adapted from the Cervantes classicdirected by Sidney Lumet |- | ''Hallmark Television Playhouse''(NBC) || January 20, 1952:"The Big Build Up" || season 1 episode 4 || ''Grace Kelly'' as Claire, Richard Derr, Vinton Hayworth, Parker McCormick, Harry Mehaffey, Elinor Randel—————adapted from novel by Michael Fosterhost: Sarah Churchill; directed by William Corrigan |- | ''Danger''(CBS) || February 5, 1952:"Prelude to Death" || season 2 episode 21 || ''Grace Kelly'', Carmen Mathewshost: Richard Stark |- | ''The Philco Television Playhouse''(NBC) || February 10, 1952:"Rich Boy" || season 4 episode 9 || Gene Lyons as Anson Hunter, ''Grace Kelly'' as Paula Legendre, Phyllis Kirk as Dolly Karger, Kathleen Comegys as Aunt Edna, Mary Jackson, Henry Hart, Robert McQueeney, Tom Pedi, Geoffrey Lumb, David White, Eric Sinclair—————adapted by Walter Bernstein from short story by F. Scott Fitzgerald; directed by Delbert Mann |- | ''Lux Video Theatre''(CBS) || February 18, 1952:"Life, Liberty and Orrin Dudley" || season 2 episode 26 || Jackie Cooper as Orrin Dudley, ''Grace Kelly'' as Beth—————teleplay by John Whedondirected by Richard Goode |- | ''Lights Out''(NBC) || March 17, 1952:"The Borgia Lamp" || season 4 episode 30 || Robert Sterling, ''Grace Kelly'', Hugh Griffith |- | ''Robert Montgomery Presents''(NBC) || June 2, 1952:"Candles for Theresa" || season 3 episode 31 || Robert Sterling, ''Grace Kelly''host: Robert Montgomery |- | ''Kraft Television Theatre''(NBC) || June 11, 1952: "The Cricket on the Hearth" || season 5 episode 40 || Russell Hardie as Edward Plummer, ''Grace Kelly'' as May Fielding—————adaptation of the Dickens classic |- | ''Suspense''(CBS) || Tuesday, July 1, 1952, 9:30–10pm:"Fifty Beautiful Girls" || season 4 episode 41 || Joseph Anthony, Grace Kelly, Rusty Lane, Robert Keith, Jr.; host: Rex Marshall[since this episode and the one below were both broadcast live, research has not yet determined how Grace Kelly could have simultaneously performed in both productions] |- | ''Armstrong Circle Theatre''(NBC) || Tuesday, July 1, 1952, 9:30–10pm:"City Editor" || season 2 episode 41 || Louise Allbritton, Shepperd Strudwick, Grace Kellyhost: Joe Ripley[since this episode was apparently broadcast simultaneously with the one above, it is inexplicable how Grace Kelly could have appeared on both] |- | ''Goodyear Television Playhouse''(NBC) || July 6, 1952:"Leaf Out of a Book" || season 1 episode 20 || Lauren Gilbert, Grace Kelly, Claudia Morgan[restaged production, again on NBC, with most of the same cast, of December 31, 1950 episode of ''Philco Television Playhouse''] |- | ''High Noon''(Stanley Kramer Productions) || first screening:July 7, 1952 || second feature film || Gary Cooper, Thomas Mitchell, Lloyd Bridges, Katy Jurado, Grace Kellydirected by Fred Zinnemann |- | ''Kraft Television Theatre''(NBC) || August 29, 1952:"The Small Hours" || season 5 episode 49 || Lauren Gilbert as Henry Mitchell, Katherine Meskill as Laura Mitchell, Grace Kelly as Dorothy Mitchell—————adapted from play by George S. Kaufman and Leueen MacGrath |- | ''Armstrong Circle Theatre''(NBC) || September 2, 1952:"Recapture" || season 2 episode 48 || Darren McGavin, Grace Kelly, Barbara Baxleyhost: Joe Ripleydirected by Garry Simpson |- | ''Westinghouse Studio One''(CBS) || September 22, 1952:"The Kill" || season 5 episode 1 || Starring Dick Foran as Jeff, Nina Foch as Carrie, Grace Kelly as Freda, Paul Langton as Marsh, Harry Townes as Dave, Don Hanmer as Al, Carl Frank as Link, George Mitchell as Abner, Joe Maross as Nebro, Alan Devitt as Cap Manny, Frank Marth as Bub, James Coots as Sheriff, Arthur Junaleska as Billy, Lynn Loring as Carol—————based on ''The Mountains Have No Shadow'' by Owen Cameron; written for television by Reginald Rose; directed by Franklin Schaffner |- | ''Lux Video Theatre''(CBS) || September 29, 1952: "A Message for Janice" || season 3 episode 6 || Jackie Cooper, Grace Kelly as Janice, George Hall—————by S. H. Barnett from story by Walter C. Browndirected by Richard Goode |- | rowspan=5|1953 || ''Lux Video Theatre''(CBS) || May 14, 1953: "The Betrayer" || season 3 episode 37 || Robert Preston, Grace Kelly as Meg—————written by Charles L. Emmonsdirected by Fielder Cook |- | ''The Philco Television Playhouse''(NBC) || June 7, 1953:"The Way of the Eagle" || season 5 episode 24 || Jean-Pierre Aumont, Grace Kelly |- | ''Kraft Television Theatre''(NBC) || June 17, 1953:"Boy of Mine" || season 6 episode 37 || Henry Jones, Grace Kelly, Martin Newman |- | ''Mogambo''(MGM) || first screening:October 9, 1953 || third feature film || Clark Gable, Ava Gardner, Grace Kellydirected by John Ford |- | ''Toast of the Town''(CBS) || October 18, 1953 || season 7 episode 6 || nine days after release of ''Mogambo'', Grace Kelly performed on America's top-rated star-driven variety program; in other segments: David Wayne, Ralph Meeker, John Forsythe; host: Ed Sullivan |- | rowspan=8|1954 || ''Kraft Television Theatre''(NBC) || January 6, 1954:"The Thankful Heart" || season 7 episode 19 || Florenz Ames, John Stephen[nearly seven months after appearing in her previous live TV drama (on the same anthology series) and, on the brink of movie stardom, with full schedule of film starring roles, Grace Kelly here gives her final performance for the Golden Age of Television] |- | ''26th Academy Awards''(NBC) || March 25, 1954 || second televised Academy Awards || host in Hollywood: Donald O'Connorhost in New York: Fredric MarchGrace Kelly as presenter and also nominee for Best Supporting Actress in ''Mogambo'' |- | ''The Country Girl''(Paramount) || first screening:May 17, 1954 || fourth feature film || Bing Crosby, Grace Kelly, William Holdendirected by George Seaton |- | ''Dial M for Murder''(Warner) || first screening:May 29, 1954 || fifth feature film || Ray Milland, Grace Kelly, Robert Cummingsdirected by Alfred Hitchcock |- | ''Rear Window''(Paramount) || first screening:August 1, 1954 || sixth feature film || James Stewart, Grace Kelly, Wendell Coreydirected by Alfred Hitchcock |- | ''Miss America Pageant''(ABC) || September 11, 1954 || first ''Miss America Pageant'' televised || host for the pageant: Bob Russellcommentator for ABC network: John Dalyco-host for ABC network: Bess MyersonGrace Kelly as one of the judges |- | ''The Bridges at Toko-Ri''(Paramount) || Los Angeles preview:September 25, 1954 || seventh feature film || William Holden, Grace Kelly, Fredric Marchdirected by Mark Robson |- | ''Green Fire''(MGM) || first screening:December 24, 1954 || eighth feature film || Stewart Granger, Grace Kelly, Paul Douglasdirected by Andrew Marton |- | rowspan=3|1955 || ''Toast of the Town''(CBS) || January 9, 1955: || season 8 episode 18 || Grace Kelly's second performance on the top-rated variety program; in other segments: José Greco, Forrest Tucker, Guy Mitchell, James Michener, The Shipstad & Johnson Ice Follies with Werner Groebli, The U.S.O. Hollywood Troupe, The Kermond Brothers, Richard Dwyer, Marie Crimmins; host: Ed Sullivan |- | ''27th Academy Awards''(NBC) || March 30, 1955 || third televised Academy Awards || host in Hollywood: Bob Hopehost in New York: Thelma RitterGrace Kelly as presenter and also nominee (and eventual winner) for Best Actress in ''The Country Girl'' |- | ''To Catch a Thief''(Paramount) || first screening:August 3, 1955 || ninth feature film || Cary Grant, Grace Kelly, Jessie Royce Landisdirected by Alfred Hitchcock |- | rowspan=5|1956 || ''28th Academy Awards''(NBC) || March 21, 1956 || fourth televised Academy Awards || host in Hollywood: Jerry Lewisco-hosts in Hollywood: Claudette Colbert and Joseph L. MankiewiczGrace Kelly as presenter |- | ''The Swan''(MGM) || first screening:April 26, 1956 || tenth feature film || Grace Kelly, Alec Guinness, Louis Jourdandirected by Charles Vidor |- | ''The Wedding in Monaco''(MGM) || first screening:May 17, 1956 || short film || 31-minute widescreen filmed record of the wedding of Grace Kelly to Prince Rainierdirected by Jean Masson |- | ''High Society''(MGM) || first screening:July 17, 1956 || eleventh feature film || Bing Crosby, Grace Kelly, Frank Sinatradirected by Charles Walters |- | ''The Perry Como Show''(NBC) || September 15, 1956 || season 7 episode 6 || live musical variety program features a segment filmed in the Monaco Royal Palace with Princess Grace and Prince Rainier; in other segments: Irene Dunne, Sal Mineo; host: Perry Como |- ||1958 || ''The Ed Sullivan Show''(CBS) || July 6, 1958 || season 11 episode 41 || third appearance of Grace Kelly, now Princess Grace, on the top-rated variety program, which was officially titled ''Toast of the Town'' until September 11, 1955; the live show presents a segment filmed in Monaco in which Princess Grace and Prince Rainier describe the two years of their marriage, mention 4-month-old Prince Albert and introduce 18-month-old Princess Caroline; in other segments: William Bendix, Carol Burnett, Esther Williams, Harold Lloyd and Duke Lloyd, Sally Blair, Professor Backwards, The Kirby Stone Four, Robert Q. Lewis, The Moridor Trio, Jumpin Joe Monahan, Wilbert Clark, Joe Cook, Jr., Jacqueline Dubeiffe, Elaine Herndon; host: Ed Sullivan |}

Discography

"True Love" (from ''High Society'', duet with Bing Crosby, 1956)

''L'Oiseau du Nord et L'Oiseau du Soleil'', in French and in English (1978)

''Birds, Beasts & Flowers: A Programme of Poetry, Prose and Music'' (1980)

References

External links

Ancestry Chart of Prince Albert

A list of ancestors of Grace Kelly

Princess Grace Foundation – USA

Princely House of Monaco

Grace Kelly Footage

Footage of Grace Kelly's Royal Wedding

Short film about Grace Kelly

1982}}

Category:1929 births Category:1982 deaths Category:20th-century actors Category:Actors from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Category:American Academy of Dramatic Arts alumni Category:American emigrants to Monaco Category:American film actors Category:American people of Irish descent Category:American Roman Catholics Category:American television actors Category:Best Actress Academy Award winners Category:Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Best Supporting Actress Golden Globe (film) winners Category:Burials at Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Monaco Category:House of Grimaldi Category:Kelly family Category:Monegasque people of Irish descent Category:Monegasque Roman Catholics Category:Naturalized citizens of Monaco Category:Neighborhood Playhouse School of the Theatre alumni Category:Pennsylvania Democrats Category:People from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Category:Princesses of Monaco Category:Road accident deaths in Monaco Category:Western (genre) film actors

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birth name	Kristen Jaymes Stewart
birth date	April 09, 1990
birth place	Los Angeles, California, U.S.
occupation	Actress
yearsactive	1999–present
website	kristenstewart.com
signature	Kristen Stewart signature.svg90px }}

Kristen Jaymes Stewart (born April 9, 1990) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Bella Swan in ''The Twilight Saga''. She has also starred in films such as ''Panic Room'' (2002), ''Zathura'' (2005), ''In the Land of Women'' (2007), ''The Messengers'' (2007), ''Adventureland'' (2009) and ''The Runaways'' (2010).

Early life

Kristen Stewart was born and raised in Los Angeles, California. Her father, John Stewart, is a stage manager and television producer who has worked for Fox. Her mother, Jules Mann-Stewart, is a script supervisor originally from Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia. She has an older brother, Cameron Stewart, and an adoptive brother, Taylor. Stewart attended school until the seventh grade, and then continued her education by correspondence. She has since completed high school.

Career

Her whole family all worked behind the camera, and Stewart thought she would become a writer/director, but never considered being an actor. "I never wanted to be the center of attention – I wasn't that 'I want to be famous, I want to be an actor' kid. I never sought out acting, but I always practiced my autograph because I love pens. I'd write my name on everything." Stewart's acting career began at the age of eight, after an agent saw her perform in her elementary school's Christmas play. After a year of auditioning, Stewart's first role was a nonspeaking part in the film ''The Thirteenth Year''. Then, she had another part in the film ''The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas'' as the "ring toss girl". She subsequently appeared in the independent film ''The Safety of Objects'', in which she played the tomboy daughter of a troubled single mother (Patricia Clarkson). Stewart had a major role in the Hollywood film ''Panic Room'', playing the diabetic daughter of a divorced mother (Jodie Foster). The film received generally positive reviews, and Stewart garnered positive notices for her performance. She was nominated for a Young Artist Award for her performance.

After ''Panic Room''s success, Stewart was cast in another thriller, ''Cold Creek Manor'', playing the daughter of Dennis Quaid's and Sharon Stone's characters. She was again nominated for a Young Artist Award for her performance. The following year, she played the character Maya in ''Fierce People'', directed by Griffin Dunne. After that film, she received the lead role of Jess Solomon in the supernatural thriller film ''The Messengers''.

In 2007, Stewart appeared as teenager Lucy Hardwicke in ''In the Land of Women'', a romantic drama starring Meg Ryan and Adam Brody. The film, as well as Stewart's performance, received mixed reviews. That same year, Stewart appeared in Sean Penn's critically acclaimed adaptation film ''Into the Wild''. For her portrayal of Tracy – a teenage singer who has a crush on young adventurer Christopher McCandless – Stewart received generally positive reviews. Salon.com considered her work a "sturdy, sensitive performance", and the ''Chicago Tribune'' noted that she did "vividly well with a sketch of a role." Her performance was not without detractors, however; ''Variety'''s critic Dennis Harvey wrote, "It's unclear whether Stewart means to be playing hippie-chick Tracy as vapid, or whether it just comes off that way." After ''Into the Wild'', Stewart had a cameo appearance in ''Jumper'' and also appeared in ''What Just Happened'', which was released in October 2008. She also co-stars in ''The Cake Eaters'' an independent film that has only been screened at film festivals.

On November 16, 2007, Summit Entertainment announced that Stewart would play Isabella "Bella" Swan in the film ''Twilight'', based on Stephenie Meyer's bestselling vampire romance novel of the same name. Stewart was on the set of ''Adventureland'' when director Catherine Hardwicke visited her for an informal screen test which "captivated" the director. She stars alongside Robert Pattinson, who plays Edward Cullen, her character's vampire boyfriend. The film began production in February 2008 and finished filming in May 2008. ''Twilight'' was released domestically on November 21, 2008. Her performance garnered mixed reviews with some critcs calling her "the ideal casting choice" and praising her for conveying "Bella's detachment, as well as her need to bust through it" while others criticized her acting for being "wooden" and lacking variety in her facial expressions which they described as "blank". After the release of ''Twilight'', Kristen Stewart was awarded the MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance for her portrayal as Bella Swan.

Stewart reappeared as Bella in the sequel, ''The Twilight Saga: New Moon'' to critical acclaim, receiving much more positive reviews than her portrayal of the same character in ''Twilight''. Jordan Mintzer from ''Variety'' called Stewart "the heart and soul of the film" and praised her for giving "both weight and depth to dialogue...that would sound like typical chick-lit blather in the mouth of a less engaging actress, and she makes Bella's psychological wounds seem like the real deal" while critics who gave the film its worst reviews still found her performance "bringing plenty of soul" to the character. She reprised this role in ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''.

Stewart has been nominated and presented with the BAFTA Rising Star award. At the 2010 82nd Annual Academy Awards, Stewart and ''Twilight'' co-star Taylor Lautner presented a tribute in honour of the horror movie genre.

In 2009, Stewart starred in ''The Yellow Handkerchief'', which debuted at the Sundance Film Festival and was released into theaters in 2010 by Samuel Goldwyn Films. She also starred alongside James Gandolfini in ''Welcome to the Rileys'', which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2010.

Stewart most recently portrayed rock star Joan Jett in ''The Runaways'', a biopic of the titular band from writer-director Floria Sigismondi. Stewart met with Jett over the 2008–2009 New Year to prepare for the role, and ended up prerecording songs in a studio for the film. She received nearly unanimous praise for her performance. Josh Tyler of ''Cinema Blend'' pronounced her to be "a modern day James Dean. She gives the kind of performance in ''The Runaways'' that hasn’t been seen on screen since his death. ''The Runaways'' is her ''Rebel Without a Cause'' ... she’s absolutely brilliant as Joan Jett." The ''Metro Times'' wrote, "It turns out that Stewart is actually really good at capturing Jett's icy, tough-but-cool girl swagger, adding the needed touches of vulnerability that transform it into a pretty terrific performance... Stewart is a genuine rock star here." Also, A. O. Scott of ''The New York Times'' noted "Ms. Stewart, watchful and unassuming, gives the movie its spine and soul."

She has been cast in the role of Mary Lou in an upcoming film adaptation of Jack Kerouac's cult classic novel ''On the Road''. Shooting began in August 2010.

Stewart was listed as the highest earning female actress in Hollywood in the "2010's Top Hollywood Top Earners List" compiled by ''Vanity Fair''. Throughout 2010, Stewart earned an estimated $28.5 million for all her movie appearances.

In March 2011, it was confirmed that Stewart will playing the leading role in the film ''Snow White and the Huntsman''. Filming began on August 15 and is set to be released on June 12, 2012.

Personal life

Stewart currently lives in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, Los Angeles. Stewart has expressed a desire to live and work in Australia, saying, "I want to go to Sydney University in Australia. My mom's from there." Apart from acting, she is also interested in attending college in the near future, saying, "I want to go to college for literature. I want to be a writer. I mean, I love what I do, but it's not all I want to do – be a professional liar for the rest of my life." In an interview with ''Vanity Fair'', Stewart stated that she dated Michael Angarano, her co-star from ''Speak''.

Filmography

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1999	''''	Girl waiting for drink	Uncredited
2000	''''	Ring toss girl	Uncredited
2001	''''	Sam Jennings	Limited release
2002	''Panic Room''	Sarah Altman
2003	''Cold Creek Manor''	Kristen Tilson
2004		Melinda Sordino
2004	''Catch That Kid''	Maddy
2004		Lila
2005		Maya Osbourne	Limited release
2005		Lisa
2007		Jessica "Jess" Solomon
2007	''In the Land of Women''	Lucy Hardwicke
2007	''''	Georgia	Limited release
2007		Tracy Tatro
2007		Young Robin	Short film
2008		Sophie	Cameo
2008	''What Just Happened''	Zoe
2008		Bella Swan
2009		Emily "Em" Lewin
2009	''''	Bella Swan
2010	''''	Martine	Limited release
2010	''''	Joan Jett
2010	''Welcome to the Rileys''	Mallory
2010	''''	Bella Swan
2011		Marylou	Post-production
2011	''''	Bella Swan	Post-production
2012	''''	Bella Swan	Post-production
2012	''Snow White and the Huntsman''	Snow White	Filming

Awards and nominations

+ List of awards and nominations
Year	! Title of work	! Award	! Category	! Result	Notes
2002	''Panic Room''	Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Leading Young Actress
2003	''Cold Creek Manor''	Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Supporting Young Actress
2004		Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Supporting Young Actress
2007		Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Supporting Young Actress
2007	''Into the Wild''	Screen Actors Guild Award	Outstanding performance by a cast in a motion picture		Entire Cast
2008		MTV Movie Award
2008	''Twilight''	MTV Movie Award			Shared with Robert Pattinson
2008	''Twilight''	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress Drama
2008	''Twilight''	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Liplock		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2008	''Twilight''	Scream Award	Best Fantasy Actress
2008	''Twilight''	Scream Award	Best Ensemble Cast
2008	''Twilight''	People's Choice Award	Favourite On-Screen Team		Shared with Robert Pattinson and Taylor Lautner
2008	''Twilight''	People's Choice Award	Favourite Movie Actress
2009		Gotham Award	Best Ensemble cast		Entire cast
2009	''''	BAFTA Award	Rising Star Award
2009	''''		Cutest Couple		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2009	''''	Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Award	Cutest Couple		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2009	''''	MTV Movie Award
2009	''''	MTV Movie Award			Shared with Robert Pattinson
2009	''''	Golden Raspberry Award			Shared with Robert Pattinson
2009	''''	Golden Raspberry Award	Worst Screen Couple		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2009	''''	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress Fantasy
2010	''''	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress Drama
2010	''''	MTV Movie Award	Best Kiss		Shared with Dakota Fanning
2010	''''		Couple of the Year		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2010	''''		Fave Kiss		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2010	''''	Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Award	Fave Kiss		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2010	''''	Scream Award	Best Fantasy Actress
2010	''''	People's Choice Award	Favorite Movie Actress
2010	''''	People's Choice Award	Favourite On-Screen-Team		Shared with Taylor Lautner and Robert Pattinson
2010	''''	People's Choice Award	Favorite Movie Star Under 25
2011	''''		Movie Actress
2011	''''	MTV Movie Awards
2011	''''	MTV Movie Awards			Shared with Taylor Lautner
2011	''''	MTV Movie Awards	Best Kiss		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2011	''''	Teen Choice Awards	Choice Movie Actress: Sci-Fi/Fantasy
2011	The Twilight Saga: Eclipse	Teen Choice Awards	Choice Movie: Liplock		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2011	The Twilight Saga: Eclipse	Teen Choice Awards	Choice Movie: Liplock		Shared with Taylor Lautner

References

External links

Kristen Stewart's Changing Style – slideshow by ''Life magazine''

Category:1990 births Category:Actors from Los Angeles, California Category:American child actors Category:American film actors Category:American people of Australian descent Category:American television actors Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Living people

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