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• African-American
  http://wn.com/African-American
• 
  Al Capone
  Alphonse Gabriel "Al" Capone (January 17, 1899 – January 25, 1947) was an Italian-American gangster who led a Prohibition-era crime syndicate, known then as the "Capones," dedicated to smuggling and bootlegging liquor and other illegal activities, in Chicago, from the early 1920s to 1931, when he was sentenced to federal prison, including a stay at the infamous Alcatraz federal prison, for tax evasion.
  http://wn.com/Al_Capone
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  Albert Einstein
  Albert Einstein (; ; 14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a theoretical physicist, philosopher and author who is widely regarded as one of the most influential and best known scientists and intellectuals of all time. A German-Swiss Nobel laureate, he is often regarded as the father of modern physics. He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect".
  http://wn.com/Albert_Einstein
• Aleksei Gubarev
  Aleksei Aleksandrovich Gubarev (; born March 29, 1931 in Gvardeitsi) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on two space flights: Soyuz 17 and Soyuz 28.
  http://wn.com/Aleksei_Gubarev
• Alfred Brendel
  Alfred Brendel KBE (born 5 January 1931) is an Austrian pianist, born in Czechoslovakia and a resident of the United Kingdom. He is also a poet and author of the surreal.
  http://wn.com/Alfred_Brendel
• Alfred Lynch
  Alfred Cornelius Lynch (26 January 1931 – 16 December 2003) was a British actor on stage, film and television.
  http://wn.com/Alfred_Lynch
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  Ali Fethi Okyar
  Ali Fethi Okyar (29 April 1880, Prilep – 7 May 1943) was a Turkish diplomat and politician who also served as a military officer during the last decade of the Ottoman Empire. He was the second Prime Minister of Turkey (1924-25) and the second Speaker of the Turkish Parliament after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. He was born in the town of Prilep, today Republic of Macedonia.
  http://wn.com/Ali_Fethi_Okyar
• Alice Munro
  Alice Ann Munro (née Laidlaw; born 10 July 1931) is a Canadian short-story writer, winner of the 2009 Man Booker International Prize for her lifetime body of work, three-time winner of Canada's Governor General's Award for fiction, and a perennial contender for the Nobel Prize. Generally regarded to be one of the world's foremost writers of fiction, her stories focus on the human condition and relationships seen through the lens of daily life. While the locus of Munro’s fiction is Southwestern Ontario, her reputation as a short-story writer is international. Her "accessible, moving stories" explore human complexities in a seemingly effortless style. Munro's writing has established her as "one of our greatest contemporary writers of fiction," or, as Cynthia Ozick put it, "our Chekhov."
  http://wn.com/Alice_Munro
• Allan W. Eckert
  Allan W. Eckert (born January 30, 1931) is an American historian, historical novelist, and naturalist.
  http://wn.com/Allan_W_Eckert
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  Ally McLeod
  Alexander Hector McMillan "Ally" McLeod (born 1 January 1951 in Glasgow, Scotland) is a former professional footballer who played as a striker for many league clubs in Scotland and England.
  http://wn.com/Ally_McLeod
• 
  Alma Rubens
  Alma Rubens (February 19, 1897 – January 22, 1931) was an American silent film actress and stage performer.
  http://wn.com/Alma_Rubens
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  Alvin Ailey
  Alvin Ailey, Jr. (January 5, 1931 – December 1, 1989) was an American choreographer and activist who founded the Alvin Ailey American Dance Theater in New York. Ailey is credited with popularizing modern dance and revolutionizing African-American participation in 20th century concert dance. His company gained the nickname "Cultural Ambassador to the World" because of its extensive international touring. Ailey's choreographic masterpiece Revelations is believed to be the best-known and most often seen modern dance performance.
  http://wn.com/Alvin_Ailey
• Alvin Lucier
  Alvin Lucier (born May 14, 1931) is an American composer of experimental music and sound installations that explore acoustic phenomena and auditory perception. A long-time music professor at Wesleyan University, Lucier was a member of the influential Sonic Arts Union, which included Robert Ashley, David Behrman, and Gordon Mumma. Much of his work is influenced by science and explores the physical properties of sound itself: resonance of spaces, phase interference between closely-tuned pitches, and the transmission of sound through physical media.
  http://wn.com/Alvin_Lucier
• 
  Angie Dickinson
  Angie Dickinson (born September 30, 1931) is an American actress. She has appeared in more than 50 films, including Rio Bravo, ''Ocean's 11, Dressed to Kill and Pay It Forward, and starred on television as Sergeant Suzanne "Pepper" Anderson on the 1970s crime series Police Woman''.
  http://wn.com/Angie_Dickinson
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  Anita Ekberg
  Kerstin Anita Marianne Ekberg (born 29 September 1931 in Malmö, Skåne) is a Swedish model, actress and cult sex symbol. She is best known for her role as Sylvia in the 1960 Federico Fellini film, La Dolce Vita, which features the legendary scene of her cavorting in Trevi Fountain alongside Marcello Mastroianni.
  http://wn.com/Anita_Ekberg
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  Anna Pavlova
  Anna Pavlovna (Matveïevna) Pavlova () (–23 January 1931) was a Russian ballerina of the late 19th and the early 20th century.
  http://wn.com/Anna_Pavlova
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  Anne Bancroft
  Anne Bancroft (September 17, 1931 – June 6, 2005) was an American actress associated with the Method acting school, after studying it under Lee Strasberg.
  http://wn.com/Anne_Bancroft
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  Arne Nordheim
  Arne Nordheim (20 June 1931 – 5 June 2010) was a Norwegian composer who had since 1982 been living in the Norwegian State's honorary residence, Grotten, next to the Royal Palace in Oslo. Nordheim received numerous prizes for his compositions, and was elected an honorary member of the International Society for Contemporary Music in 1997. On 18 August 2006, Arne Nordheim received the honorary doctors degree (doctor honoris causa) at the Norwegian Academy of Music. He died at the age of 78 and was given a State funeral.
  http://wn.com/Arne_Nordheim
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  Arnold Bennett
  Enoch Arnold Bennett (27 May 1867 – 27 March 1931) was an English novelist.
  http://wn.com/Arnold_Bennett
• Art Acord
  Arthemus Ward "Art" Acord (April 17, 1890 – January 4, 1931) was an American silent film actor and rodeo champion.
  http://wn.com/Art_Acord
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  Arthur Tooth
  Father Arthur Tooth SSC (1839–1931), a Ritualist and clergyman in the Church of England, and a member of the Society of the Holy Cross, is most famous for having been prosecuted in 1876 under the Public Worship Regulation Act 1874 for using proscribed liturgical practices. He was also, briefly, imprisoned as a result of the prosecution in 1877.
  http://wn.com/Arthur_Tooth
• 
  Austria
  Austria or (), officially the Republic of Austria (German: ), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below , and its highest point is . The majority of the population speaks German, which is also the country's official language. Other local official languages are Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
  http://wn.com/Austria
• 
  Ban Johnson
  Byron Bancroft "Ban" Johnson (January 5, 1864 – March 28, 1931), was an American executive in professional baseball who served as the founder and first president of the American League (AL).
  http://wn.com/Ban_Johnson
• Bela Lugosi
  http://wn.com/Bela_Lugosi
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  Bengali people
  The Bengali people are an ethnic community native to the historic region of Bengal (now divided between Bangladesh and India) in South Asia. They speak Bengali (বাংলা Bangla), which is an Indo-Aryan language of the eastern Indian subcontinent, evolved from the Magadhi Prakrit and Sanskrit languages. In their native language, they are referred to as বাঙালী (pronounced Bangali). They are an Indo-Aryan people, though they are also descended from Mongolo-Dravidians, closely related to Austro-Asiatic, Dravidian, Assamese, Sinhalese, Munda, Tibeto-Burman peoples. As such, Bengalis are a but considerably diverse ethnic group with heterogeneous origins.
  http://wn.com/Bengali_people
• Bhagat Singh
  Bhagat Singh (Punjabi: ਭਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ بھگت سنگھ, ) (28 September 1907 – 23 March 1931) was an Indian freedom fighter, considered to be one of the most influential revolutionaries of the Indian independence movement. He is often referred to as Shaheed Bhagat Singh (the word shaheed meaning "martyr").
  http://wn.com/Bhagat_Singh
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  Billy Casper
  :Billy Casper is also the name of the protagonist of A Kestrel for a Knave.
  http://wn.com/Billy_Casper
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  Bix Beiderbecke
  Leon Bismark "Bix" Beiderbecke (March 10, 1903 – August 6, 1931) was an American jazz cornetist, jazz pianist, and composer. With Louis Armstrong, Beiderbecke was one of the most influential jazz trumpet/cornet soloists of the 1920s. His turns on "Singin' the Blues" (1927) and "I'm Coming, Virginia" (1927), in particular, demonstrated an unusual purity of tone and a gift for improvisation. Especially these two recordings helped to invent the jazz ballad style and hinted at what, in the 1950s, would become cool jazz. "In a Mist" (1927), one of a handful of his piano compositions but the only one he recorded, mixed classical influences with jazz syncopation. Beiderbecke has also been credited for his influence, directly, on Bing Crosby and, indirectly, via saxophonist Frank Trumbauer, on Lester Young.
  http://wn.com/Bix_Beiderbecke
• Bob Crewe
  Bob Crewe (born Stanley Robert Crewe, November 12, 1931, Newark, New Jersey) is an American songwriter, singer, manager, record producer and fine artist. His career ranks among the most varied, successful, and innovative in pop music history. Crewe first rose to prominence during the era of such legendary music makers as Jerry Wexler, Jerry Leiber, Mike Stoller, Ellie Greenwich and Phil Spector. He is also known for producing, and co-writing with Bob Gaudio, a string of Top 10 singles for The Four Seasons. He is equally known for his hit recordings with The Rays, Diane Renay, Mitch Ryder and the Detroit Wheels, Freddy Cannon, Lesley Gore, Oliver, Michael Jackson, Bobby Darin, Roberta Flack, Peabo Bryson, Patti LaBelle and his own The Bob Crewe Generation.
  http://wn.com/Bob_Crewe
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  Bob Shaw
  Bob Shaw, born Robert Shaw, (31 December 1931 – 12 February 1996) was a science fiction author and fan from Northern Ireland. He was noted for his originality and wit. He was two-time recipient (in 1979 and 1980) of the Hugo Award for Best Fan Writer. His short story "Light of Other Days" was a Hugo Award nominee in 1967, as was his novel The Ragged Astronauts in 1987.
  http://wn.com/Bob_Shaw
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  Bob St. Clair
  Robert Bruce St. Clair, nicknamed "The Geek" (born February 18, 1931) is a former San Francisco American football player known for fine play and eating raw beef. Because of his eccentricities, his teammates nicknamed him "The Geek".
  http://wn.com/Bob_St_Clair
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  Boris Yeltsin
  Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin (; 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was the first President of the Russian Federation, serving from 1991 to 1999.
  http://wn.com/Boris_Yeltsin
• Bramwell Tillsley
  Bramwell Harold Tillsley (born August 18, 1931) was the 14th General of The Salvation Army (1993–1994).
  http://wn.com/Bramwell_Tillsley
• Brian Close
  Dennis Brian Close (born 24 February 1931 in Rawdon, near Leeds, Yorkshire), usually known as Brian Close, is a former cricketer who is the youngest man ever to play Test cricket for England. He was picked for the Test team to play against New Zealand, in July 1949, when he was 18 years old. Close went on to play 22 Test matches for England, captaining them seven times (six wins, one draw). Close also captained Yorkshire County Cricket Club to four county championship titles – the main domestic trophy in English cricket. He later went on to captain Somerset, where he is widely credited with developing the county into a hard-playing team, and helping to mould Viv Richards and Ian Botham into the successful players they became.
  http://wn.com/Brian_Close
• Buddie Petit
  Buddie Petit or Buddy Petit (ca. 1890?-4 July 1931) was a highly regarded early jazz cornetist.
  http://wn.com/Buddie_Petit
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  Buddy Bolden
  Charles "Buddy" Bolden (September 6, 1877 – November 4, 1931) was an African American cornetist and is regarded by contemporaries as a key figure in the development of a New Orleans style of rag-time music which later came to be known as jazz.
  http://wn.com/Buddy_Bolden
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  Burton Richter
  Burton Richter (born March 22, 1931) is a Nobel Prize-winning . He led the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) team which co-discovered the J/ψ meson in 1974, alongside the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) team lead by Samuel Ting. This discovery was part of the so-called November Revolution of particle physics. He was the SLAC director from 1984 to 1999.
  http://wn.com/Burton_Richter
• 
  Carl Nielsen
  Carl August Nielsen (9 June 1865–3 October 1931) was a composer, conductor, and violinist from Denmark. His works have long been well known in Denmark and they have been "a mainstay throughout the Nordic countries and, to a lesser extent, in Britain", noted the critic Alex Ross in 2008 in The New Yorker, and rising young conductors such as Gustavo Dudamel and Alan Gilbert are now playing Nielsen's music in the United States.
  http://wn.com/Carl_Nielsen
• 
  Carroll Baker
  Carroll Baker (born May 28, 1931) is an American actress who has enjoyed popularity as both a serious dramatic actress and, particularly in the 1960s, as a movie sex symbol. Despite being cast in a wide range of roles during her heyday, Baker's beautiful features, blonde hair, and distinctive drawl made her particularly memorable in roles as a brash, flamboyant women.
  http://wn.com/Carroll_Baker
• Castellemmarese War
  http://wn.com/Castellemmarese_War
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  Caterina Valente
  Caterina Valente (born 14 January 1931, Paris) is a singer, dancer, and actress. She was born into an Italian artist family; her father Giuseppe was a well-known accordion player, her mother, Maria Valente, a musical clown. She had three siblings, of whom Silvio Francesco was also active in show business.
  http://wn.com/Caterina_Valente
• Cecil Parkinson
  Edward Cecil Parkinson, Baron Parkinson, PC (born 1 September 1931 in Carnforth, Lancashire), is a British Conservative politician and former Cabinet Minister.
  http://wn.com/Cecil_Parkinson
• Charles Colson
  Charles "Chuck" Wendell Colson (born October 16, 1931) is a Christian leader, cultural commentator, and author of at least 20 books, including several that have been recognized with ECPA Christian Book Awards.
  http://wn.com/Charles_Colson
• Charlie Chaplin
  actor
  http://wn.com/Charlie_Chaplin
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  Chester Gould
  Chester Gould (November 20, 1900 – May 11, 1985) was an American cartoonist, best known as the creator of the Dick Tracy comic strip, which he wrote and drew from 1931 to 1977, incorporating numerous colorful and monstrous villains.
  http://wn.com/Chester_Gould
• 
  Chun Doo-hwan
  Chun Doo-hwan (born January 18, 1931) was a former ROK Army general and the President of South Korea from 1980 to 1988. Chun was sentenced to death in 1996 for the Gwangju massacre, but later pardoned by President Kim Young-sam with the advice of then President-elect Kim Dae-jung, whom Chun himself had sentenced to death some 20 years earlier.
  http://wn.com/Chun_Doo-hwan
• Clive Cussler
  Clive Eric Cussler (born July 15, 1931 in Aurora, Illinois) is an American adventure novelist and marine archaeologist. His thriller novels, mostly featuring the character Dirk Pitt, have reached The New York Times fiction best-seller list more than seventeen times. Cussler is also a member of the National Underwater and Marine Agency (NUMA), and has discovered more than sixty shipwreck sites.
  http://wn.com/Clive_Cussler
• Connie Hines
  Connie Hines (March 24, 1931 – December 18, 2009) was an American actress, best known for playing Alan Young's wife, Carol Post, on the 1960s syndicated and then CBS sitcom Mister Ed.
  http://wn.com/Connie_Hines
• Cotton Fitzsimmons
  Lowell "Cotton" Fitzsimmons (October 7, 1931 – July 24, 2004) was a college and NBA basketball coach. A native of Hannibal, Missouri, he attended and played basketball at Hannibal-LaGrange Junior College in Hannibal and Midwestern State University in Wichita Falls, Texas. He coached the Phoenix Suns three times, and is often credited as the architect of the Suns' success of the late 1980s and early to middle 1990s.
  http://wn.com/Cotton_Fitzsimmons
• Dame Nellie Melba
  http://wn.com/Dame_Nellie_Melba
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  Dan Rather
  Daniel Irvin "Dan" Rather, Jr. (born October 31, 1931) is an American journalist who is the former news anchor for the CBS Evening News. He is now managing editor and anchor of a television news magazine, Dan Rather Reports, on the cable channel HDNet. Rather was anchor of the CBS Evening News for 24 years, from March 9, 1981, to March 9, 2005. He also contributed to CBS' 60 Minutes. Rather became embroiled in controversy about a disputed news report involving the 2004 U.S. Presidential Election and subsequently left CBS Evening News in 2005 and left the network altogether after 43 years in 2006.
  http://wn.com/Dan_Rather
• 
  Dana Wynter
  Dana Wynter (born Dagmar Winter; 8 June 1931) is a German-born English actress, who was brought up in England and Southern Africa. She appeared in film and television for more than forty years beginning in the 1950s, most notably in the original ''Invasion of the Body Snatchers.
  http://wn.com/Dana_Wynter
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  Darla Hood
  Darla Jean Hood (November 4, 1931 – June 13, 1979) was an American child actress, best known as the leading lady in the Our Gang series from 1935 to 1941. She was born in Leedey, Oklahoma, the only child of James Claude Hood and Elizabeth Davner. Her father worked in a bank and her mother was a music teacher.
  http://wn.com/Darla_Hood
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  Dave Madden
  Dave Madden (born December 17, 1931) is a Canadian actor. He was born in Sarnia, Ontario, but was raised in Terre Haute, Indiana. His most famous role came in the 1970s sitcom The Partridge Family in which he played the group's manager, Reuben Kincaid.
  http://wn.com/Dave_Madden
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  David Belasco
  :Disambiguation: Also the name of his uncle, David James (actor).
  http://wn.com/David_Belasco
• David Eddings
  David Eddings (July 7, 1931 – June 2, 2009) was an American author who wrote several best-selling series of epic fantasy novels.
  http://wn.com/David_Eddings
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  Dean Smith
  Dean Edwards Smith (born February 28, 1931) is a retired American head coach of men's college basketball. Originally from Emporia, Kansas, Smith has been called a “coaching legend” by the Basketball Hall of Fame. Smith is best known for his successful 36-year coaching tenure at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Smith coached from 1961 to 1997 and retired as the NCAA Division I men's basketball record-holder for victories (879), a record which was surpassed by Bob Knight in 2007. Smith has the 9th highest winning percentage of any men’s college basketball coach (77.6%). During his tenure as head coach of North Carolina, the team won two national titles and appeared in 11 Final Fours.
  http://wn.com/Dean_Smith
• Dervla Murphy
  Dervla Murphy (born November 28, 1931, Ireland) is an Irish touring cyclist and author of adventure travel books for over 40 years.
  http://wn.com/Dervla_Murphy
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  Desmond Tutu
  Desmond Mpilo Tutu (born 7 October 1931) is a South African activist and Christian cleric who rose to worldwide fame during the 1980s as an opponent of apartheid. He was the first black South African Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town, South Africa, and primate of the Church of the Province of Southern Africa (now the Anglican Church of Southern Africa).
  http://wn.com/Desmond_Tutu
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  Dries van Agt
  Andreas Antonius Maria "Dries" van Agt (; born February 2, 1931) is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party. He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from December 19, 1977, until November 4, 1982.
  http://wn.com/Dries_van_Agt
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  E. L. Doctorow
  Edgar Lawrence Doctorow (born January 6, 1931, New York, New York) is an American author.
  http://wn.com/E_L_Doctorow
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  Eddie Mathews
  Edwin Lee "Eddie" Mathews (October 13, 1931 – February 18, 2001) was a baseball third baseman in Major League Baseball and is regarded as one of the greatest third basemen to play the game.
  http://wn.com/Eddie_Mathews
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  Edwin Meese
  Edwin "Ed" Meese III (born December 2, 1931 in Oakland, California) is an attorney, law professor, and author who served in official capacities within the Ronald Reagan Gubernatorial Administration (1967-1974), the Reagan Presidential Transition Team (1980), and the Reagan White House (1981-1985), eventually rising to hold the position of the 75th Attorney General of the United States (1985-1988). He currently holds fellowships and chairmanships with several public policy councils and think tanks, including the Constitution Project and the Heritage Foundation.
  http://wn.com/Edwin_Meese
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  Elly Beinhorn
  Elly Beinhorn-Rosemeyer (30 May 1907 – 28 November 2007) was a German pilot.
  http://wn.com/Elly_Beinhorn
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  Eric Edgar Cooke
  Eric Edgar Cooke nicknamed The Night Caller (25 February 1931 – 26 October 1964) was an Australian serial killer. From 1959 to 1963, he terrorised the city of Perth, Western Australia by committing 22 violent crimes, eight of which resulted in deaths.
  http://wn.com/Eric_Edgar_Cooke
• Eric Tappy
  Eric Tappy (born May 19, 1931) is a Swiss operatic tenor.
  http://wn.com/Eric_Tappy
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  Erik Axel Karlfeldt
  Erik Axel Karlfeldt (July 20, 1864 — April 8, 1931) was a Swedish poet whose highly symbolist poetry masquerading as regionalism was popular and won him the Nobel Prize in Literature posthumously in 1931. He had been offered, but declined, the award already in 1919.
  http://wn.com/Erik_Axel_Karlfeldt
• 
  Ernest Lawrence
  Ernest Orlando Lawrence (August 8, 1901 – August 27, 1958) was an American physicist and Nobel Laureate, known for his invention, utilization, and improvement of the cyclotron atom-smasher beginning in 1929, based on his studies of the works of Rolf Widerøe, and his later work in uranium-isotope separation for the Manhattan Project. Lawrence had a long career at the University of California, where he became a Professor of Physics. In 1939, Lawrence was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work in inventing the cyclotron and developing its applications. Chemical element number 103 is named "lawrencium" in Lawrence's honor. He was also the first recipient of the Sylvanus Thayer Award. His brother John H. Lawrence was known for pioneering in the field of nuclear medicine.
  http://wn.com/Ernest_Lawrence
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  Ernie Banks
  Ernest "Ernie" Banks (born January 31, 1931 in Dallas, Texas) is a retired African American Major League baseball player who played his entire career with the Chicago Cubs (1953–1971). He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1977.
  http://wn.com/Ernie_Banks
• Ernst Hinterberger
  Ernst Hinterberger (b. 17 October 1931 in Vienna) is an Austrian writer of novels, particularly detective novels, plays and successful sitcoms. His first TV scripts were unusual for their use of genuine Vienna dialect.
  http://wn.com/Ernst_Hinterberger
• F.W. Murnau
  http://wn.com/FW_Murnau
• Fay Weldon
  Fay Weldon CBE (born 22 September 1931) is an English author, essayist and playwright, whose work has been associated with feminism. In her fiction, Weldon typically portrays contemporary women who find themselves trapped in oppressive situations caused by the patriarchal structure of western, and in particular British, society.
  http://wn.com/Fay_Weldon
• Ferenc Madl
  http://wn.com/Ferenc_Madl
• Florian ZaBach
  Florian ZaBach (August 15, 1918 – February 25, 2006) was an American musician and TV personality.
  http://wn.com/Florian_ZaBach
• Fr. John O'Brien
  http://wn.com/Fr_John_O'Brien
• Francis Marion Smith
  Francis Marion Smith (February 2, 1846 – August 27, 1931) (once known nationally and internationally as "Borax Smith" and "The Borax King" ) was an American miner, business magnate and civic builder in the Mojave Desert, the San Francisco Bay Area, and Oakland, California.
  http://wn.com/Francis_Marion_Smith
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  Frank Harris
  Frank Harris (February 14, 1856 – August 27, 1931) was a British-born, naturalized-American author, editor, journalist and publisher, who was friendly with many well-known figures of his day. Though he attracted much attention during his life for his irascible, aggressive personality, editorship of famous periodicals, and friendship with the talented and famous, he is remembered mainly for his multiple-volume memoir My Life and Loves, which was banned in countries around the world for its sexual explicitness.
  http://wn.com/Frank_Harris
• Fred Foster
  Fred Foster (born Fred Luther Foster, July 26, 1931, Rutherford County, North Carolina) is an American songwriter, record producer, and founder of Monument Records.
  http://wn.com/Fred_Foster
• Friedrich Bergius
  Friedrich Karl Rudolf Bergius (October 11, 1884 – March 30, 1949) was a German chemist known for the Bergius process for producing synthetic fuel from coal, Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1931, together with Carl Bosch) in recognition of contributions to the invention and development of chemical high-pressure methods. Having collaborated with IG Farben during World War Two and committed to Nazi victory, his citizenship came into question following the war, where he ultimately fled to Argentina, advising the Ministry of Industry.
  http://wn.com/Friedrich_Bergius
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  Gavin MacLeod
  Gavin MacLeod (born February 28, 1930) is an American actor most notable for playing Murray Slaughter on The Mary Tyler Moore Show and Captain Merrill Stubing on The Love Boat. He is the stepfather of Drew Steele, of the rock band the Surf Punks.
  http://wn.com/Gavin_MacLeod
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  Geoff Edwards
  Geoffrey Bruce Owen "Geoff" Edwards (born February 15, 1931) is an American television actor, game show host and radio personality. Over the past decade and a half, he has been a writer and broadcaster on travel. He was born in Westfield, New Jersey.
  http://wn.com/Geoff_Edwards
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  George Fisher Baker
  George Fisher Baker (March 27, 1840 – May 2, 1931) was a U.S. financier and philanthropist. He provided much of the initial funding for Harvard Business School. Beside that, he made several large donations to charitable causes throughout New York City and funded the construction of Baker Field, Columbia University's primary athletic facility. He also provided $2 million for Baker Memorial Library at Dartmouth College, which has since become one of the school's symbols. He was a co-founder—along with his mentor, John Thomspon, and Thompson's sons Frederick Ferris Thompson and Samuel C. Thompson—of the First National Bank of the City of New York in 1863. The institution was the first national bank to be chartered in New York City under the National Currency Act of 1863, and is a forerunner of today's Citibank N.A. He became First National's President in 1877 and Chairman of the Board in 1909. Mr. Baker's 20,000 shares in the First National Bank were worth twenty million dollars. He was also the largest stockholder in the Central Railroad of New Jersey. He was a director in 22 corporations, which, together with their subsidiaries, had aggregate resources of $7,272,000,000 and he presumably had stock in at least as many corporations.
  http://wn.com/George_Fisher_Baker
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  George Herbert Mead
  George Herbert Mead (February 27, 1863 – April 26, 1931) was an American philosopher, sociologist and psychologist, primarily affiliated with the University of Chicago, where he was one of several distinguished pragmatists. He is regarded as one of the founders of social psychology and the American sociological tradition in general.
  http://wn.com/George_Herbert_Mead
• George Jones
  George Glenn Jones (born September 12, 1931) is an American country music singer known for his long list of hit records, his distinctive voice and phrasing, and his marriage to Tammy Wynette.
  http://wn.com/George_Jones
• Georgy Grechko
  http://wn.com/Georgy_Grechko
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  Gertrude Alderfer
  Gertrude Alderfer [Gert] (b. September 21, 1931) is a former first basewoman and catcher who played from through in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. She batted and threw right-handed.
  http://wn.com/Gertrude_Alderfer
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  Gloria Cordes
  Gloria Cordes [Elliott] (born September 21, 1931) is a former female starting pitcher who played from through in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Listed at 5' 8", 138 lb., she batted and threw right-handed.
  http://wn.com/Gloria_Cordes
• Haile Selassie
  http://wn.com/Haile_Selassie
• Hal Linden
  Hal Linden (born March 20, 1931) is an American stage and television actor and television director, best known for his role in the television comedy series Barney Miller and as presenter on the ABC educational series Animals, Animals, Animals.
  http://wn.com/Hal_Linden
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  Hamilton O. Smith
  Hamilton Othanel Smith (born August 23, 1931) is an American microbiologist and Nobel laureate.
  http://wn.com/Hamilton_O_Smith
• 
  Hans van Mierlo
  Henricus Antonius Franciscus Maria Oliva "Hans" van Mierlo (August 18, 1931 – March 11, 2010) was a Dutch politician of the Democrats 66 (D66). In 1966 Van Mierlo together with Hans Gruijters founded the Democrats 66. He served as Parliamentary leader in the House of Representatives for a total of 14 years, from February 16, 1967 until September 1, 1973 and from May 22, 1986 until August 19, 1994. He has been member of both the Senate and House of Representatives of the States-General.
  http://wn.com/Hans_van_Mierlo
• Harold Gatty
  Harold Charles Gatty (5 January 1903, Campbell Town, Tasmania - 30 August 1957, Fiji) was an Australian navigator, inventor, and aviation pioneer. Charles Lindbergh called Gatty the "Prince of Navigators."[http://www.historynet.com/magazines/aviation_history/3029141.html] In 1931, Gatty served as navigator, along with pilot Wiley Post, on the flight which set the record for aerial circumnavigation of the world, flying a distance of 15,747 miles (24,903 km) in a Lockheed Vega named the Winnie Mae, in 8 days, 15 hours, and 51 minutes.
  http://wn.com/Harold_Gatty
• 
  Heinrich Brüning
  Heinrich Brüning () (26 November 1885 – 30 March 1970) was a German politician during the Weimar Republic. He served as Chancellor of Germany from 1930 to 1932, making him the longest serving Chancellor of the Weimar Republic.
  http://wn.com/Heinrich_Brüning
• Helen Maksagak
  Helen Mamayaok Maksagak, CM (April 15, 1931 – January 23, 2009) was a Canadian politician. She served as the Commissioner of the Northwest Territories (Canada) from January 16, 1995 until March 26, 1999 and as the Commissioner of Nunavut from April 1, 1999 until April 1, 2000. She was a notable Copper Inuit.
  http://wn.com/Helen_Maksagak
• 
  Herbert Hoover
  Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was the 31st President of the United States (1929–1933). Hoover was a professional mining engineer and author. As the United States Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s under Presidents Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge, he promoted government intervention under the rubric "economic modernization". In the presidential election of 1928, Hoover easily won the Republican nomination, despite having no previous elected office experience. To date, Hoover is the last cabinet secretary to be directly elected President of the United States, as well as one of only two Presidents (along with William Howard Taft) to have been elected President without electoral experience or high military rank. The nation was prosperous and optimistic at the time, leading to a landslide victory for Hoover over Democrat Al Smith.
  http://wn.com/Herbert_Hoover
• Hubert Sumlin
  Hubert Sumlin (born November 16, 1931) is an American blues guitarist and singer, best known for his celebrated work, from 1955, as guitarist in Howlin' Wolf's band. His singular playing is characterized by "wrenched, shattering bursts of notes, sudden cliff-hanger silences and daring rhythmic suspensions". Listed as number sixty-five in the Rolling Stone 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time, Sumlin continues to tour and play blues guitar. He is cited as a major influence by many artists, including Eric Clapton, Keith Richards, Robbie Robertson, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Jimmy Page and Jimi Hendrix.
  http://wn.com/Hubert_Sumlin
• Ida Wells
  http://wn.com/Ida_Wells
• 
  Igor Oistrakh
  Igor Oistrakh (; ) (born April 27, 1931) is a Soviet and Russian violinist.
  http://wn.com/Igor_Oistrakh
• Ike Turner
  Isaac Wister (Ike) Turner (November 5, 1931 – December 12, 2007) was an American musician, bandleader, talent scout, and record producer. Considered to be one of the fathers of rock and roll, his first recording, "Rocket 88" by "Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats," in 1951, is considered by some to be the "first rock and roll song" ever. However, he is best known for his work with his then wife Tina Turner as one half of the Ike & Tina Turner revue. Spanning a career that lasted half a century, Ike's repertoire included blues, soul, rock, and funk. Alongside his former wife, he was inducted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991 and in 2001 was inducted into the St. Louis Walk of Fame. Turner won two Grammy Awards. On August 5, 2010, Ike Turner got recognition in his Mississippi hometown nearly three years after his death. Clarksdale, officials and music fans gathered to unveil two markers honoring Turner and his musical legacy. The unveilings coincided with the 23rd annual Sunflower River Blues and Gospel Festival, dedicated this year to "Rocket 88," the 1951 Turner tune often cited as the first rock 'n' roll song.
  http://wn.com/Ike_Turner
• 
  Inuit
  The Inuit are a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples inhabiting the Arctic regions of Canada (Northwest Territories, Nunatsiavut, Nunavik, Nunavut), Denmark (Greenland), Russia (Siberia) and the United States (Alaska). The Inuit language is grouped under Eskimo-Aleut languages. An Inuk is an Inuit person.
  http://wn.com/Inuit
• 
  Isaac Isaacs
  Sir Isaac Alfred Isaacs GCB GCMG QC (6 August 1855–11 February 1948), Australian judge and politician, was the ninth Governor-General of Australia and the first born in Australia to occupy that post. He is the only person ever to have held both positions of Chief Justice of Australia and Governor-General of Australia.
  http://wn.com/Isaac_Isaacs
• Isabel Alvarez
  http://wn.com/Isabel_Alvarez
• Ismail Mahomed
  Justice Ismail Mahomed (5 July 1931 - 17 June 2000) was a South African lawyer who served as the Chief Justice of South Africa and the Supreme Court of Namibia, and co-authored the constitution of Namibia.
  http://wn.com/Ismail_Mahomed
• 
  İsmet İnönü
  Mustafa İsmet İnönü (; 24 September 1884 – 25 December 1973) was a Turkish Army General, Prime Minister and the second President of Turkey. In 1938, Republican People's Party gave him the title of "Milli Şef" (National Chief).
  http://wn.com/İsmet_İnönü
• Ita Ever
  Ita Ever (born Ilse Ever, 1 April 1931 in Paide, Järva County, Estonia) is an Estonian film, radio, theater and television actress.
  http://wn.com/Ita_Ever
• 
  Jack Dodson
  Jack Dodson (16 May 1931 - 16 September 1994) Born John S. Dodson in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was an American television actor best remembered for the milquetoast character Howard Sprague in The Andy Griffith Show and its spin-off Mayberry R.F.D. From 1959 until his death in 1994, Dodson was married to television art director Mary Dodson.
  http://wn.com/Jack_Dodson
• Jack Rosenthal
  Jack Morris Rosenthal CBE (8 September 1931 - 29 May 2004) was an English playwright, who wrote 129 early episodes of the ITV soap opera Coronation Street and over 150 screenplays, including original TV plays, feature films, and adaptations.
  http://wn.com/Jack_Rosenthal
• 
  Jack Swigert
  '''John Leonard 'Jack' Swigert, Jr.''', (August 30, 1931 - December 27, 1982) was a NASA astronaut, one of only 24 people to have flown to the Moon.
  http://wn.com/Jack_Swigert
• 
  Jackie Mason
  Jackie Mason (born June 9, 1936) is an American stand-up comedian.
  http://wn.com/Jackie_Mason
• 
  Jacques Braunstein
  Jacques Braunstein (August 30, 1931 – November 27, 2009) was an economist, publicist and disc jockey.
  http://wn.com/Jacques_Braunstein
• James Chace
  James Clarke Chace (October 16, 1931 - October 8, 2004) was an eminent historian, writing on American diplomacy and statecraft. His 12 books include the critically acclaimed Acheson: The Secretary of State Who Created the American World (1998), the definitive biography of former Secretary of State Dean Acheson. In a debate during the 2000 presidential primary, George W. Bush referred to Chace's Acheson as one of the books he was reading at the time.[http://www.salon.com/news/feature/1999/12/13/acheson/index.html]
  http://wn.com/James_Chace
• 
  James Dean
  person
  http://wn.com/James_Dean
• 
  James Earl Jones
  James Earl Jones (born January 17, 1931) is an American actor of stage and screen, well known for his deep basso voice. To modern audiences, he is known for providing the voice of Darth Vader in the Star Wars franchise and the tagline for CNN.
  http://wn.com/James_Earl_Jones
• James Milton Carroll
  James Milton Carroll (January 8, 1852 – January 10, 1931) was an American Baptist pastor, leader, historian, and author.
  http://wn.com/James_Milton_Carroll
• James Watson Cronin
  http://wn.com/James_Watson_Cronin
• 
  James Whale
  James Whale (22 July 1889 – 29 May 1957) was an English film director, theatre director and actor. He is best remembered for his work in the horror film genre, having directed Frankenstein (1931), The Old Dark House (1932), The Invisible Man (1933) and Bride of Frankenstein (1935), all recognized as classics of the genre. Whale directed over a dozen films in other genres, including what is considered the definitive film version of the musical Show Boat (1936). He became increasingly disenchanted with his association with horror, but many of his non-horror films have fallen into obscurity.
  http://wn.com/James_Whale
• 
  Jane Addams
  Jane Addams (September 6, 1860 – May 21, 1935) was the first American woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. In a long, complex career, she was a pioneer settlement worker and founder of Hull House in Chicago, public philosopher (the first American woman in that role), author, and leader in woman suffrage and world peace. She was the most prominent woman of the Progressive Era and helped turn the nation to issues of concern to mothers, such as the needs of children, public health and world peace. She emphasized that women have a special responsibility to clean up their communities and make them better places to live, arguing they needed the vote to be effective. Addams became a role model for middle-class women who volunteered to uplift their communities. She is increasingly being recognized as a member of the American pragmatist school of philosophy.
  http://wn.com/Jane_Addams
• Javier Solis
  http://wn.com/Javier_Solis
• 
  Jean Béliveau
  Jean Arthur "Le Gros Bill" Béliveau, CC, GOQ (born August 31, 1931 in Trois-Rivières, Quebec) is a former professional ice hockey player who played parts of 20 seasons with the National Hockey League's Montreal Canadiens. As a player, he won the Stanley Cup 10 times, and as an executive he was part of another seven championship teams, the most Stanley Cup victories by an individual to date. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1972.
  http://wn.com/Jean_Béliveau
• Jean Campeau
  Jean Campeau, GOQ (born July 6, 1931) is a Quebec businessman and former politician.
  http://wn.com/Jean_Campeau
• 
  Jerry Van Dyke
  Jerry Van Dyke (born July 27, 1931) is an American comedian and actor. He is the younger brother of comedian and actor Dick Van Dyke, and made his acting debut on The Dick Van Dyke Show with several guest appearances as Rob Petrie's brother, Stacey.
  http://wn.com/Jerry_Van_Dyke
• 
  Jim Bunning
  James Paul David "Jim" Bunning (born October 23, 1931) is an American politician and former pitcher in Major League Baseball.
  http://wn.com/Jim_Bunning
• Jim Jones
  James Warren "Jim" Jones (May 13, 1931 – November 18, 1978) was the founder and leader of the Peoples Temple, which is best known for the November 18, 1978 suicide of more than 900 Temple members in Jonestown, Guyana along with the killings of five other people at a nearby airstrip.
  http://wn.com/Jim_Jones
• Jim Nesbitt
  Jim Nesbitt (December 1, 1931 – November 29, 2007) was a country music singer. He had his first hit with "Please Mr. Kennedy" in 1961. It was released on Dot Records and became a number one hit on the Billboard charts. His next hit, "New Frontier" reached #11 on Billboard. It was recorded on Rush Records in 1962. He had another hit in 1964 on the Chart label with "Lookin' For More In '64" It reached #11 on the Billboard charts. He also recorded "A Tiger In My Tank". It stayed on the Cash Box charts for 13 weeks. He had several other hits on the Chart label. He released his last album, Phone Call From The Devil, in 1975 on Scorpion Records.
  http://wn.com/Jim_Nesbitt
• Jimmy McIlroy
  James "Jimmy" McIlroy (born 25 October 1931, Lambeg, near Lisburn, Northern Ireland) is a former football player, regarded as one of the greatest players in the history of Burnley.
  http://wn.com/Jimmy_McIlroy
• Jiri Petr
  http://wn.com/Jiri_Petr
• Joe Feeney
  Joe Feeney (August 15, 1931 - April 16, 2008) was an American tenor singer who was a member of The Lawrence Welk Show television program.
  http://wn.com/Joe_Feeney
• 
  Joe Masseria
  Giuseppe "Joe The Boss" Masseria (1887 – April 15, 1931) was an early Mafia don in the United States. He was boss of what is now called the Genovese crime family, one of the New York Mafia's Five Families, from 1922 to 1931.
  http://wn.com/Joe_Masseria
• 
  Joe Santos
  Joe Santos (born June 9, 1931) is an American film and television actor.
  http://wn.com/Joe_Santos
• 
  Johannes Rau
  Johannes Rau (16 January 1931 – 27 January 2006) was a German politician of the SPD. He was President of Germany from 1 July 1999, until 30 June 2004, and Minister-President of North Rhine-Westphalia from 1978 to 1998.
  http://wn.com/Johannes_Rau
• John Haven Emerson
  John Haven "Jack" Emerson (February 5, 1906 – February 4, 1997) was an American inventor of biomedical devices, specializing in respiratory equipment. He is perhaps best remembered for his work in improving the iron lung.
  http://wn.com/John_Haven_Emerson
• John Shirley-Quirk
  John Shirley-Quirk CBE (born 28 August 1931) is an English bass-baritone.
  http://wn.com/John_Shirley-Quirk
• John Smith (actor)
  John Smith (March 3, 1931—January 25, 1995) was an American actor remembered in particular for two NBC western television series. He was born in Los Angeles and died there as well of cirrhosis of the liver.
  http://wn.com/John_Smith_(actor)
• 
  Johnny Hart
  Johnny Hart (February 18, 1931 – April 7, 2007) was an American cartoonist noted as the creator of the comic strip B.C. and co-creator of the strip The Wizard of Id. Hart was recognized with several awards, including five from the National Cartoonists Society, and the Swedish Adamson Award. In his later years, he sparked controversy by incorporating overtly Christian themes and messages into the strips.
  http://wn.com/Johnny_Hart
• Johnny Sheffield
  Johnny Sheffield (born April 11, 1931) is an American former child actor.
  http://wn.com/Johnny_Sheffield
• Joseph Tabrar
  Joseph Tabrar (5 November 1857 – 22 August 1931) was one of the most famous songwriters of British music hall (similar to American Vaudeville), probably most famous for the song "Daddy Wouldn't Buy Me a Bow Wow" (1892).
  http://wn.com/Joseph_Tabrar
• 
  José Alencar
  :For the 19th-century Brazilian author, see José de Alencar.
  http://wn.com/José_Alencar
• 
  João Gilberto
  João Gilberto (born João Gilberto Prado Pereira de Oliveira on June 10, 1931 in Juazeiro, Bahia) is a Brazilian singer and guitarist. He is credited with having created the bossa nova beat and is known as the "Father of Bossa Nova." His seminal recordings, including many songs by Antonio Carlos Jobim and Vinicius de Moraes, established the new musical genre in the late 1950s.
  http://wn.com/João_Gilberto
• 
  Julius Drewe
  Julius Charles Drewe (Born Julius Charles Drew) (4 April 1856 – 20 November 1931) was an English businessman, retailer and entrepreneur, known for being the creator of the successful Home and Colonial Stores, as well as for the building of Castle Drogo in Devon as his family's country home.
  http://wn.com/Julius_Drewe
• Junior Walker
  Junior Walker (born Autry DeWalt Mixon, Jr., June 14, 1931 – November 23, 1995) & the All Stars were signed to the Motown label in the 1960s, and became one of the label's signature acts.
  http://wn.com/Junior_Walker
• 
  Karen Steele
  Karen Steele (March 20, 1931 – March 12, 1988) was an American actress and model with over 60 roles in film and television. Her most famous roles include starring as Virginia in Marty, as Mrs Lane in Ride Lonesome and as Eve McHuron in the episode ''Mudd's Women''.
  http://wn.com/Karen_Steele
• 
  Kaye Don
  Kaye Don (born Dublin, Ireland) was a world record breaking car and speedboat racer who became a motorcycle dealer on his retirement from road racing and set up Ambassador Motorcycles.
  http://wn.com/Kaye_Don
• Kemal Atatürk
  http://wn.com/Kemal_Atatürk
• Ken Boyer
  Kenton Lloyd Boyer (May 20, 1931 – September 7, 1982) was an American third baseman and manager in Major League Baseball who played primarily for the St. Louis Cardinals. Winner of the National League MVP Award, he became the second player at his position to hit 250 career home runs, and retired with the third highest slugging average by a third baseman (.462). His 255 homers as a Cardinal rank second for right-handed hitters to Albert Pujols, and rank third in club history to teammate Stan Musial's 475. A five-time Gold Glove Award winner, he also led the NL in double plays five times and retired among the all-time leaders in games (6th, 1,785), assists (6th, 3,652) and double plays (3rd, 355) at third base.
  http://wn.com/Ken_Boyer
• Ken Venturi
  Kenneth Venturi (born May 15, 1931) is an American former professional golfer and golf broadcaster.
  http://wn.com/Ken_Venturi
• Kenneth Cope
  :For the musician, see Kenneth Cope (musician).
  http://wn.com/Kenneth_Cope
• Kenny Burrell
  Kenneth Earl "Kenny" Burrell (born July 31, 1931) is an American jazz guitarist. His playing is grounded in bebop and blues; he has performed and recorded with a wide range of jazz musicians.
  http://wn.com/Kenny_Burrell
• Knute Rockne
  KnutePronounced "kah-NOOT" (); "noot" is the anglicized nickname. Kenneth Rockne (March 4, 1888 – March 31, 1931) was an American football player and is regarded as one of the greatest coaches in college football history. His biography at the College Football Hall of Fame calls him "American football's most-renowned coach." He was a native Norwegian and was trained as a chemist at the University of Notre Dame, where he later coached. He is credited with popularizing the use of the forward pass.
  http://wn.com/Knute_Rockne
• Ladislav Smoljak
  Ladislav Smoljak (9 December 1931 – 6 June 2010) was a Czech film and theater director, actor and screenwriter. He was born in Prague.
  http://wn.com/Ladislav_Smoljak
• 
  Larry Hagman
  Larry Martin Hagman (born September 21, 1931) is an American film and television actor, producer and director known for playing J.R. Ewing in the 1980s primetime television soap opera Dallas and Major Anthony Nelson in the 1960s sitcom I Dream of Jeannie.
  http://wn.com/Larry_Hagman
• 
  Larry Jackson
  Lawrence Curtis Jackson (June 2, 1931 - August 28, 1990) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball who played for the St. Louis Cardinals, Chicago Cubs and Philadelphia Phillies from 1955 to 1968. In he led the National League with 24 wins for an eighth-place Cubs team, and was runnerup in the Cy Young Award voting; he also led the NL in innings pitched and shutouts once each. His 194 career NL victories are the most in the league since 1900 by any right-hander who never played for a first-place team. A model of reliability, he won at least 13 games in each of his last twelve seasons. He later served four terms in the Idaho Legislature.
  http://wn.com/Larry_Jackson
• Larry Merchant
  Larry Merchant born February 11, 1931 in Brooklyn, New York is an American former sportswriter, a longtime commentator for HBO Sports presentations of HBO World Championship Boxing, Boxing After Dark and HBO pay-per-view telecasts, and is considered "the greatest television boxing analyst of all time" by ESPN Boxing analyst Dan Rafael.
  http://wn.com/Larry_Merchant
• 
  Leonard Nimoy
  Leonard Simon Nimoy (, ; born March 26, 1931) is an American actor, film director, poet, musician, and photographer. Nimoy's fame rests on his playing the role of Spock in 1966-1969, as well as reprising the role in multiple film, television and video game sequels.
  http://wn.com/Leonard_Nimoy
• Les Dawson
  Les Dawson (2 February 1931 – 10 June 1993) was a popular English comedian, remembered for his deadpan style, curmudgeonly persona and jokes about his mother-in-law and wife.
  http://wn.com/Les_Dawson
• 
  Leslie Caron
  Leslie Claire Margaret Caron (; born 1 July 1931) is a French film actress and dancer, who appeared in 45 films between 1951 and 2003. Caron is best known for the musical films An American in Paris (1951), Lili (1953), Daddy Long Legs (1955), Gigi (1958), and for the non-musical films Fanny (1961), The L-Shaped Room (1962), and Father Goose (1964). She received two Academy Award nominations for Best Actress. She speaks French and English. She is one of the few dancers or actresses who can say that they have danced with Gene Kelly, Fred Astaire, Mikhail Baryshnikov, and Rudolf Nureyev.
  http://wn.com/Leslie_Caron
• Lindy Remigino
  MedalCountry|
  http://wn.com/Lindy_Remigino
• 
  Lionel Blair
  Lionel Blair (born Henry Lionel Blair Ogus 12 December 1931, Montreal, Quebec, Canada) is a British actor, choreographer, tap dancer and television presenter. He is the son of Myer Ogus and Deborah (Della) Greenbaum (Mother's name given as Brenner on FreeBMD). His father was a Russian barber; he changed the family name to Blair in his youth.
  http://wn.com/Lionel_Blair
• Lonnie Donegan
  Lonnie Donegan MBE (29 April 1931 – 3 November 2002) was a skiffle musician, with more than 20 UK Top 30 hits to his name. He is known as the "King of Skiffle" and is often cited as a large influence on the generation of British musicians who became famous in the 1960s. The Guinness Book of British Hit Singles & Albums states Donegan was "Britain's most successful and influential recording artist before The Beatles. He chalked up 24 successive Top 30 hits, and was the first UK male to score two U.S. Top 10s".
  http://wn.com/Lonnie_Donegan
• Louis Wolheim
  Louis Wolheim (March 28, 1880 - February 18, 1931) was an American character actor.
  http://wn.com/Louis_Wolheim
• 
  Luís Cabral
  Luís Severino de Almeida Cabral (11 April 1931 – 30 May 2009) was the first President of Guinea-Bissau. He served from 1974 to 1980, when a military ''coup d'état'' led by João Bernardo "Nino" Vieira deposed him. Luís Cabral was a half-brother of Amílcar Cabral, with whom he co-founded the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (PAIGC) in 1956.
  http://wn.com/Luís_Cabral
• 
  Malcolm Morley
  :''For the rock musician of the same name, see Malcolm Morley (musician).
  http://wn.com/Malcolm_Morley
• 
  Malcolm Williamson
  Malcolm Benjamin Graham Christopher Williamson AO (honorary), CBE (21 November 19312 March 2003) was an Australian composer. He was the Master of the Queen's Music from 1975 until his death.
  http://wn.com/Malcolm_Williamson
• 
  Mao Zedong
  Mao Zedong (; December 26, 1893 September 9, 1976) was a Han Chinese revolutionary, political theorist and communist leader. He led the People's Republic of China (PRC) from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976. His theoretical contribution to Marxism-Leninism, military strategies, and his brand of Communist policies are now collectively known as Maoism.
  http://wn.com/Mao_Zedong
• Marie Mansfield
  http://wn.com/Marie_Mansfield
• Mario Zagallo
  http://wn.com/Mario_Zagallo
• Marla Gibbs
  Margaret Theresa Bradley, known professionally as Marla Gibbs (born June 14, 1931), is an American Emmy Award-nominated actress, comedienne, game show panelist and singer. In an acting career that spans four decades, she's best known for her role as maid Florence Johnston on the sitcom The Jeffersons (1975–1985) and for her starring role as housewife Mary Jenkins on the sitcom 227 (1985–1990).
  http://wn.com/Marla_Gibbs
• 
  Martin Milner
  Martin Sam Milner (born December 28, 1931) is an American actor best known for his performances in two popular television series, Adam-12 and Route 66.
  http://wn.com/Martin_Milner
• 
  Mary Lou Studnicka
  Mary Lou Studnicka [Brazauskas, Caden] (born July 19, 1931) is a former female overhand pitcher who played from through in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League. Studnicka batted and threw right-handed. She was affectively nicknamed ML.
  http://wn.com/Mary_Lou_Studnicka
• Mauricio Kagel
  Mauricio Kagel (December 24, 1931 – September 18, 2008) was a German-Argentine composer. He was notable for his interest in developing the theatrical side of musical performance ([http://www.allmusic.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql;=41:7525~T1 Grimshaw 2009]).
  http://wn.com/Mauricio_Kagel
• 
  Melvil Dewey
  Melville Louis Kossuth (Melvil) Dewey (December 10, 1851 – December 26, 1931) was an American librarian and educator, inventor of the Dewey Decimal System of library classification, and a founder of the Lake Placid Club.
  http://wn.com/Melvil_Dewey
• 
  Michael Fu Tieshan
  Bishop Michael Fu Tieshan (Simplified Chinese: 傅铁山, Traditional Chinese: 傅鐵山; November 3, 1931 - April 20, 2007) of Beijing was the top leader of the Chinese Patriotic Catholic Association.
  http://wn.com/Michael_Fu_Tieshan
• Mickey Mantle
  Mickey Charles Mantle (October 20, 1931 – August 13, 1995) was an American baseball player who was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1974.
  http://wn.com/Mickey_Mantle
• Mike Nichols
  Mike Nichols (born November 6, 1931) is a German-born American television, stage and film director, writer, and producer. Nichols is one of only twelve people to have won an all the major American entertainment awards: an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony Award. In 2001, he was awarded the National Medal of Arts. He received the Life Achievement Award from the American Film Institute in 2010.
  http://wn.com/Mike_Nichols
• 
  Mikhail Gorbachev
  Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev ( Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachyov ; born 2 March 1931) was the sixth General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, serving from 1985 until 1991, and the last head of state of the USSR, serving from 1988 until its collapse in 1991.
  http://wn.com/Mikhail_Gorbachev
• 
  Mitzi Gaynor
  Mitzi Gaynor (born September 4, 1931) is an American actress, singer and dancer.
  http://wn.com/Mitzi_Gaynor
• Mohandas Gandhi
  http://wn.com/Mohandas_Gandhi
• 
  Monica Vitti
  Monica Vitti (born 3 November 1931) is an Italian actress most widely noted for her frosty expressiveness and starring roles during the early 1960s in films directed by Michelangelo Antonioni, her lover at that time.
  http://wn.com/Monica_Vitti
• Mordecai Richler
  Mordecai Richler, CC (January 27, 1931 – July 3, 2001) was a Canadian author, screenwriter and essayist. A leading critic called him "the great shining star of his Canadian literary generation" and a pivotal figure in the country's history. His best known works are The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz, ''Barney's Version, and the Jacob Two-Two'' children's stories. Richler's uncompromising opinions on contemporary Canada easily matched, and sometimes exceeded, the satirical sting of his fiction.
  http://wn.com/Mordecai_Richler
• Morley Safer
  Morley Safer (born November 8, 1931) is a Canadian reporter and correspondent for CBS News. He is best known for his long tenure on the newsmagazine 60 Minutes, which began in December 1970.
  http://wn.com/Morley_Safer
• 
  Morris Cerullo
  Morris Cerullo (born October 2, 1931) is an American pentecostal televangelist.
  http://wn.com/Morris_Cerullo
• Murray Bisset
  Sir Murray Bisset (14 April 1876 – 24 October 1931) was a Test cricketer who captained South Africa before moving to Southern Rhodesia where he briefly served as Governor of Southern Rhodesia.
  http://wn.com/Murray_Bisset
• 
  Nathan Söderblom
  Lars Olof Jonathan Söderblom (15 January 1866 – 12 July 1931) was a Swedish clergyman, Archbishop of Uppsala in the Church of Sweden, and recipient of the 1930 Nobel Peace Prize. He is commemorated in the Calendar of Saints of the Lutheran Church and in the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) on July 12.
  http://wn.com/Nathan_Söderblom
• Natwar Singh
  http://wn.com/Natwar_Singh
• Neil Postman
  Neil Postman (March 8, 1931 - October 5, 2003) was an American author, media theorist and cultural critic, who is best known by the general public for his 1985 book about television, Amusing Ourselves to Death. For more than forty years, he was associated with New York University. Postman was a humanist, who believed that "new technology can never substitute for human values."
  http://wn.com/Neil_Postman
• 
  Niceto Alcalá-Zamora
  Niceto Alcalá-Zamora y Torres (6 July 1877 – 18 February 1949) was a Spanish lawyer and politician who served, briefly, as the first premier minister of the Second Spanish Republic, and then — from 1931 to 1936—as its president.
  http://wn.com/Niceto_Alcalá-Zamora
• 
  Nicholas Longworth
  :See also Nicholas Longworth (1783 - 1863).
  http://wn.com/Nicholas_Longworth
• 
  Nick Adams (actor)
  Nick Adams (July 10, 1931 – February 7, 1968) was an American film and television actor. He has been noted for his supporting roles in successful Hollywood films during the 1950s and 1960s along with his starring role in the ABC television series The Rebel (1959). Decades after Adams' death from a prescription drug overdose at the age of 36 his widely publicized friendships with James Dean and Elvis Presley would stir speculation about both his private life and the circumstances of his death. In an Allmovie synopsis for Adams' last film, reviewer Dan Pavlides wrote, "Plagued by personal excesses, he will be remembered just as much for what he could have done in cinema as what he left behind."
  http://wn.com/Nick_Adams_(actor)
• Nigel Calder
  Nigel Calder (born 2 December 1931) is a British science writer.
  http://wn.com/Nigel_Calder
• 
  Norman Tebbit
  Norman Beresford Tebbit, Baron Tebbit CH, PC (born 29 March 1931) is a British Conservative politician and former Member of Parliament (MP) for Chingford, who was born in Ponders End, Middlesex. He and his wife were injured, she seriously, in the Provisional Irish Republican Army bombing of the 1984 Conservative Party conference in Brighton.
  http://wn.com/Norman_Tebbit
• 
  Olympia Dukakis
  Olympia Dukakis (born June 20, 1931) is an American actress.
  http://wn.com/Olympia_Dukakis
• 
  Omar Mukhtar
  Omar Mukhtar (Arabic عمر المختار ‘Umar Al-Mukhtār) (1862 - September 16, 1931), of the Mnifa, was born in the small village of Janzour, near Tobruk in eastern Barqa (Cyrenaica) in Libya. He organized and, for nearly twenty years from 1912, led native resistance to Italian control of Libya. The Italians captured and hanged him in 1931.
  http://wn.com/Omar_Mukhtar
• Pat Hunt
  Thomas de Vere (Pat) Hunt (born 1931) was a New Zealand politician of the National Party.
  http://wn.com/Pat_Hunt
• 
  Paul Doumer
  Joseph Athanase Paul Doumer, commonly known as Paul Doumer (; 22 March 1857 7 May 1932) was the President of France from 13 June 1931 until his assassination.
  http://wn.com/Paul_Doumer
• Peggy McCay
  Peggy McCay (born November 3, 1931, New York City) is an American actress with a fifty year plus career in film and television. Although she has acted in numerous productions, she best known for playing Caroline Brady, a role she originated in 1983 on the long-running NBC drama Days of our Lives.
  http://wn.com/Peggy_McCay
• Peter Barnes
  Peter Barnes (10 January 1931 – 1 July 2004) was an English Olivier Award-winning playwright and screenwriter. His most famous work is the play The Ruling Class, which was made into a 1972 film for which Peter O'Toole received an Oscar nomination.
  http://wn.com/Peter_Barnes
• 
  Philip Baker Hall
  Philip Baker Hall (born September 10, 1931) is an American actor.
  http://wn.com/Philip_Baker_Hall
• 
  Pierre Laval
  :Not to be confused with Pierre N. Leval.
  http://wn.com/Pierre_Laval
• Rajguru
  http://wn.com/Rajguru
• 
  Ramsay MacDonald
  James Ramsay MacDonald (12 October 1866 – 9 November 1937) was a British Labour politician, who served two separate terms as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. He rose from humble origins to become the first ever British Labour Prime Minister in 1924.
  http://wn.com/Ramsay_MacDonald
• 
  Raúl Castro
  Raúl Modesto Castro Ruz (born 3 June 1931) is the President of the Cuban Council of State and the President (As Premier) of the Council of Ministers of Cuba. The younger brother of Fidel Castro, he is also Second Secretary of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba (PCC), and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces (Army, Navy, and Air Force).
  http://wn.com/Raúl_Castro
• Revaz Dogonadze
  Revaz Dogonadze (November 21, 1931 - May 13, 1985) was a notable Georgian scientist, Corresponding Member of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences (GNAS), Dr.Sc. (Dr. Habil.), Professor, one of the founders of quantum electrochemistry,
  http://wn.com/Revaz_Dogonadze
• 
  Riccardo Giacconi
  Riccardo Giacconi (born October 6, 1931) is an Italian/American Nobel Prize-winning astrophysicist who laid the foundations of X-ray astronomy.
  http://wn.com/Riccardo_Giacconi
• 
  Rip Torn
  Elmore Rual Torn, Jr. (born February 6, 1931), better known as Rip Torn, is an Emmy Award-winning, Oscar-nominated American actor of stage, screen and television.
  http://wn.com/Rip_Torn
• 
  Rita Moreno
  Rita Moreno (born December 11, 1931) is a Puerto Rican singer, dancer and actress. She is the first and only Hispanic and one of the few performers who have won an Emmy, a Grammy, an Oscar, and a Tony and at the time the second Puerto Rican to win an Academy Award.
  http://wn.com/Rita_Moreno
• Robert Dunham
  Robert Dunham (July 6, 1931 - August 6, 2001) was an American actor. He is probably best known for his role as Antonio, Emperor of Seatopia in Godzilla vs. Megalon (1973); Dunham's most famous role would be that of Mark Jackson in the Japanese film, Dogora (1964). Dunham was an American living in Japan during most of the country's "Golden Age" of cinema, and was cast in several films. He spoke fluent Japanese, and his lines were never dubbed over by a Japanese actor during his career, Dunham was also a stunt driver, and lended his talents to Godzilla vs. Megalon, where Dunham played the Seatopia agent on a motorcycle, who gave chase to the protagonist of the film. Toho had big things planned for Robert Dunham, following his role in Dogora, and had actually proposed a series of movies featuring the Mark Jackson character. Toho even sent Dunham to Hollywood with a print of Dogora to try and sell the film to distributors, and to propose additional Mark Jackson based movies. Unfortunately for Dunham, who pitched the film to UPA, the Mark Jackson films were turned down, as UPA felt they couldn't gauge his acting ability from the film.
  http://wn.com/Robert_Dunham
• Robert Edeson
  Robert Edeson (June 3, 1868, New Orleans, Louisiana – March 24, 1931, Hollywood, California) was an American movie and stage actor of the silent era. Edeson got his first boost in movies when he co-starred with Cecil B. DeMille in the 1914 film, The Call of the North.
  http://wn.com/Robert_Edeson
• 
  Robert Ito
  Robert Ito (born July 2, 1931, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada) is a voice, television, and movie actor.
  http://wn.com/Robert_Ito
• Robert MacNeil
  Robert Breckenridge Ware MacNeil, OC, known sometimes as Robin MacNeil, (born January 19, 1931), is currently a novelist and formerly was a television news anchor and journalist who had paired with Jim Lehrer to create The MacNeil/Lehrer Report in 1975.
  http://wn.com/Robert_MacNeil
• 
  Robert Morse
  Robert Morse (born 1931) is an American actor and singer. Morse is best known for his appearances in musicals and plays on Broadway. He has also acted in movies and TV shows.
  http://wn.com/Robert_Morse
• Roland Alphonso
  Roland Alphonso O.M. or Rolando Alphonso aka The Chief Musician (January 12, 1931, Havana, Cuba - November 20, 1998, Los Angeles, California, United States) was a Jamaican tenor saxophonist, and one of the founding members of The Skatalites.
  http://wn.com/Roland_Alphonso
• 
  Rolf Hochhuth
  Rolf Hochhuth (born 1 April 1931, in Eschwege) is a German author and playwright. He is best known for his 1963 drama The Deputy and remains a controversial figure for his plays and other public comments, such as his 2005 defense of Holocaust denier David Irving.
  http://wn.com/Rolf_Hochhuth
• Ronnie Schell
  Ronald Ralph "Ronnie" Schell (born December 23, 1931) is an American actor, stand-up comedian and cartoon voice actor (notably Peter Puck). Early in his career he appeared as himself as a contestant on You Bet Your Life opposite Groucho Marx, demonstrating a comic barrage of jive talk.
  http://wn.com/Ronnie_Schell
• 
  Rosa Rosal
  Florence Danon Gayda (born October 16, 1931), better known as Rosa Rosal, is a FAMAS award-winning Filipino film actress dubbed as the "original femme fatale of Philippine cinema". She is also known for her work with the Philippine National Red Cross. For her humanitarian activities, she received the 1999 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Public Service, an award widely considered as Asia's Nobel Prize. She is the mother of TV host Toni Rose Gayda.
  http://wn.com/Rosa_Rosal
• 
  Ross Higgins
  Ross Higgins (born June 14, 1931) is an Australian actor, best known for his role as Ted Bulpitt in the television situation comedy series Kingswood Country.
  http://wn.com/Ross_Higgins
• 
  Rupert Murdoch
  Keith Rupert Murdoch, AC, KSG (; born 11 March 1931) is an Australian-American media magnate and the founder, chairman, and chief executive officer of .
  http://wn.com/Rupert_Murdoch
• Salvatore Maranzano
  Salvatore Maranzano (July 31, 1886 - September 10, 1931) was an organized crime figure from the town of Castellammare del Golfo, Sicily, and an early Cosa Nostra boss in the United States. He instigated the Castellammarese War to seize control of the American mafia operations, and briefly became the Mafia's "Boss of Bosses". He was assassinated by a younger faction led by Lucky Luciano, who established a power-sharing arrangement rather than a "boss of bosses" to prevent future wars.
  http://wn.com/Salvatore_Maranzano
• 
  Sam Cooke
  Samuel Cook (January 22, 1931 – December 11, 1964), known professionally as Sam Cooke, was an American gospel, R&B;, soul, and pop singer, songwriter, and entrepreneur. He is considered to be one of the pioneers and founders of soul music. He is commonly known as The King of Soul for his unmatched vocal abilities and impact and influence on the modern world of music. His contribution in pioneering Soul music led to the rise of Aretha Franklin, Bobby Womack, Curtis Mayfield, Stevie Wonder, Marvin Gaye, and popularizing the likes of Otis Redding and James Brown.
  http://wn.com/Sam_Cooke
• 
  Shibusawa Eiichi
  was a Japanese industrialist widely known today as the "father of Japanese capitalism". He spearheaded the introduction of Western capitalism to Japan after the Meiji Restoration. He introduced many reforms including use of double entry accounting, joint stock corporations and modern note-issuing banks .
  http://wn.com/Shibusawa_Eiichi
• Shirley Stovroff
  http://wn.com/Shirley_Stovroff
• Shirley Verrett
  Shirley Verrett (born May 31, 1931) is an American operatic mezzo-soprano who successfully transitioned into soprano roles i.e. soprano sfogato. Verrett enjoyed great fame from the late 1960s through the 1990s and was much admired for her radiant voice, beauty, and great versatility. She was particularly well known for her singing in French and Italian opera, particularly works of Verdi and Donizetti.
  http://wn.com/Shirley_Verrett
• Skeeter Davis
  Mary Frances Penick (December 30, 1931 – September 19, 2004), better known as Skeeter Davis, was an American country music singer best known for crossover pop music songs of the early 1960s. She started out as part of The Davis Sisters in the early 1950s. In the late '50s and early '60s, she became a solo star. Her best known hit was the song "The End of the World" in 1963.
  http://wn.com/Skeeter_Davis
• 
  Stephen Boyd
  Stephen Boyd (4 July 1931 – 2 June 1977), born William Millar, was an Irish actor from Glengormley, Northern Ireland, who appeared in 60 films, most notably in the role of Messala in the 1959 film Ben-Hur.
  http://wn.com/Stephen_Boyd
• Sukhdev
  http://wn.com/Sukhdev
• 
  Tab Hunter
  Tab Hunter (born Arthur Andrew Kelm, July 11, 1931, New York) is an American actor, singer, former teen idol and author who has starred in over forty major films.
  http://wn.com/Tab_Hunter
• Tajuddin Ahmed
  http://wn.com/Tajuddin_Ahmed
• Te Atairangi Kaahu
  http://wn.com/Te_Atairangi_Kaahu
• Teresa Brewer
  Teresa Brewer (7 May 1931 – 17 October 2007) was an American pop singer whose style incorporated elements of country, jazz, R&B;, musicals and novelty songs. She was one of the most prolific and popular female singers of the 1950s, recording nearly 600 songs. Born Theresa Breuer in Toledo, Ohio, Brewer died of a neuromuscular disease at her home in New Rochelle, N.Y. at the age of 76.
  http://wn.com/Teresa_Brewer
• 
  Thomas Bernhard
  Thomas Bernhard (born Nicolaas Thomas Bernhard, February 9, 1931 – February 12, 1989) was an Austrian novelist and playwright. He is widely considered to be one of the most important German-speaking authors of the postwar era.
  http://wn.com/Thomas_Bernhard
• 
  Thomas Edison
  Thomas Alva Edison (February 11, 1847 – October 18, 1931) was an American inventor, scientist, and businessman who developed many devices that greatly influenced life around the world, including the phonograph, the motion picture camera, and a long-lasting, practical electric light bulb. Dubbed "The Wizard of Menlo Park" (now Edison, New Jersey) by a newspaper reporter, he was one of the first inventors to apply the principles of mass production and large teamwork to the process of invention, and therefore is often credited with the creation of the first industrial research laboratory.
  http://wn.com/Thomas_Edison
• 
  Toni Morrison
  Toni Morrison (born Chloe Ardelia Wofford on February 18, 1931) is a Nobel Prize and Pulitzer Prize-winning American novelist, editor, and professor. Her novels are known for their epic themes, vivid dialogue, and richly detailed black characters. Among her best known novels are The Bluest Eye, Song of Solomon and Beloved.
  http://wn.com/Toni_Morrison
• 
  Tyrone Power, Sr.
  Frederick Tyrone Edmond Power (May 2, 1869 – December 23, 1931) was an English-born American stage and screen actor, who acted under the name Tyrone Power.
  http://wn.com/Tyrone_Power_Sr
• 
  Vincent d'Indy
  '''Vincent d'Indy''' (27 March 18512 December 1931) was a French composer and teacher.
  http://wn.com/Vincent_d'Indy
• 
  Wally Bruner
  Wally Bruner (March 4, 1931 – November 3, 1997) was an American journalist and television host. He covered Congress and the Lyndon Johnson administration for ABC News in the 1960s. He was the first host of the 1968-1975 syndicated version of ''What's My Line? and went on to host the syndicated home repair show Wally's Workshop''.
  http://wn.com/Wally_Bruner
• 
  Wesley L. Fox
  Wesley Lee Fox (born September 30, 1931) is a decorated United States Military veteran and retired Colonel in the Marine Corps. Fox earned the nation's highest military award, the Medal of Honor, for valor during the Vietnam War. In addition, as a 43-year veteran, he is uniquely distinguished by having held all but one enlisted and officer rank from private to colonel. (The exception is Sergeant Major.) He retired only upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 62. Fox is widely regarded as a legendary hero within the Corps, and his story is known to many Marines.
  http://wn.com/Wesley_L_Fox
• 
  Whitey Herzog
  Dorrel Norman Elvert "Whitey" Herzog (born November 9, 1931) is a former professional baseball manager inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame on July 25, 2010. Born in New Athens, Illinois, Herzog made his Major League Baseball debut as a player in 1956 with the Washington Senators. When his playing career ended in 1963, Herzog went on to perform a variety of roles in Major League Baseball, including scout, manager, general manager and farm system director. Most noted for his success as a manager, Herzog led the Kansas City Royals to three consecutive playoff appearances from 1976 to 1978. Hired by Gussie Busch in 1980 to helm the St. Louis Cardinals, the Cardinals won the 1982 World Series and made two other World Series appearances under Herzog's direction.
  http://wn.com/Whitey_Herzog
• 
  Wilhelm von Gloeden
  Baron Wilhelm von Gloeden (September 16, 1856 – February 16, 1931) was a German photographer who worked mainly in Italy. He is mostly known for his pastoral nude studies of Sicilian boys, which usually featured props such as wreaths or amphoras suggesting a setting in the Greece or Italy of antiquity. From a modern standpoint, his work is commendable due to his controlled use of lighting as well as the often elegant poses of his models. Innovative use of photographic filters and special body makeup (a mixture of milk, olive oil, and glycerin) to disguise skin blemishes contribute to the artistic perfection of his works.
  http://wn.com/Wilhelm_von_Gloeden
• 
  William Goldman
  William Goldman (born August 12, 1931) is an American novelist, playwright, and screenwriter. He lives in New York City.
  http://wn.com/William_Goldman
• 
  William Henry Keeler
  William Henry Keeler (born March 4, 1931) is an American Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Baltimore from 1989 to 2007 and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1994.
  http://wn.com/William_Henry_Keeler
• 
  William Shatner
  William Alan Shatner (born March 22, 1931) is a Canadian actor, recording artist, and author. He gained worldwide fame and became a cultural icon for his portrayal of James T. Kirk, captain of the USS Enterprise, in the science fiction television series ' from 1966 to 1969, ' from 1973 to 1974, and in seven of the subsequent Star Trek feature films from 1979 to 1994. He has written a series of books chronicling his experiences playing Captain Kirk and being a part of Star Trek as well as several co-written novels set in the Star Trek universe. He has also authored a series of science fiction novels called TekWar that were adapted for television.
  http://wn.com/William_Shatner
• 
  Willie Mays
  William Howard "Willie" Mays, Jr. (born May 6, 1931) is a former American baseball player who played the majority of his career with the New York and San Francisco Giants before finishing with the New York Mets. Nicknamed The Say Hey Kid, Mays was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1979, his first year of eligibility. Many consider him to be the greatest all-around player of all time.
  http://wn.com/Willie_Mays
• Willie Shoemaker
  http://wn.com/Willie_Shoemaker
• 
  World War I
  World War I was a military conflict centered on Europe that began in the summer of 1914. The fighting ended in late 1918. This conflict involved all of the world's great powers, assembled in two opposing alliances: the Allies (centred around the Triple Entente) and the Central Powers. More than 70 million military personnel, including 60 million Europeans, were mobilized in one of the largest wars in history. More than 9 million combatants were killed, due largely to great technological advances in firepower without corresponding ones in mobility. It was the second deadliest conflict in history.
  http://wn.com/World_War_I

• 
  Abakan
  Abakan (; Khakas: Ағбан) is the capital city of the Republic of Khakassia in Russia. It is located in the central part of Minusinsk Depression, at the confluence of the Yenisei and Abakan Rivers, at approximately the same latitude as Hamburg and Minsk. Population: 159,000 (1994 est.).
  http://wn.com/Abakan
• 
  Alabama
  Alabama () is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States of America. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland waterways. The state ranks 23rd in population with almost 4.6 million residents in 2006.
  http://wn.com/Alabama
• 
  Australia
  {{Infobox country
  http://wn.com/Australia
• 
  Austria
  Austria or (), officially the Republic of Austria (German: ), is a landlocked country of roughly 8.3 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by Germany and the Czech Republic to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west. The territory of Austria covers and has a temperate and alpine climate. Austria's terrain is highly mountainous due to the presence of the Alps; only 32% of the country is below , and its highest point is . The majority of the population speaks German, which is also the country's official language. Other local official languages are Croatian, Hungarian and Slovene.
  http://wn.com/Austria
• 
  Belize
  Belize () (formerly British Honduras), is a democratic constitutional monarchy, and the northernmost Central American nation. Belize has a diverse society, comprising many cultures and languages. Although Kriol and Spanish are spoken among the population, Belize is the only country in Central America where English is the official language. Belize is bordered by Mexico to its north, by Guatemala to its south and west, and by the Caribbean Sea to the east.
  http://wn.com/Belize
• British Parliament
  http://wn.com/British_Parliament
• 
  California
  California (pronounced ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third-largest by land area, after Alaska and Texas. California is also the most populous sub-national entity in North America. It's on the U.S. West Coast, bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the west and by the states of Oregon to the north, Nevada to the east, Arizona to the southeast, Baja California, Mexico, to the south. Its 5 largest cities are Los Angeles, San Diego, San Jose, San Francisco, and Long Beach, with Los Angeles, San Diego, and San Jose each having at least 1 million residents. Like many populous states, California's capital, Sacramento is smaller than the state's largest city, Los Angeles. The state is home to the nation's 2nd- and 6th-largest census statistical areas and 8 of the nation's 50 most populous cities. California has a varied climate and geography and a multi-cultural population.
  http://wn.com/California
• Caltech
  http://wn.com/Caltech
• Chicago, Illinois
  http://wn.com/Chicago_Illinois
• 
  Columbus, Ohio
  Columbus is the capital and largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio, the state's third largest metropolitan area behind Cincinnati and Cleveland, and the fourth largest city in the American Midwest. It is the county seat of Franklin County, yet the city has expanded and annexed portions of adjoining Delaware County and Fairfield County. Named for explorer Christopher Columbus, the city was founded in 1812 at the confluence of the Scioto and Olentangy rivers, and assumed the functions of state capital in 1816. The city has a diverse economy based on education, government, insurance, banking, fashion, defense, aviation, food, logistics, steel, energy, medical research, health care, hospitality, retail, and technology.
  http://wn.com/Columbus_Ohio
• 
  Corsica
  Corsica (, ; ; ) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea. It is located west of Italy, southeast of the French mainland, and north of the island of Sardinia.
  http://wn.com/Corsica
• 
  Denmark
  Denmark (; , , archaic: ), officially the Kingdom of Denmark (Danish: ) together with Greenland and the Faroe Islands, is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark borders both the Baltic and the North Sea. The country consists of a large peninsula, Jutland (Jylland) and many islands, most notably Zealand (Sjælland), Funen (Fyn), Vendsyssel-Thy (commonly considered a part of Jutland), Lolland, Falster and Bornholm, as well as hundreds of minor islands often referred to as the Danish Archipelago. Denmark has long controlled the approach to the Baltic Sea; before the digging of the Kiel Canal, water passage to the Baltic Sea was possible only through the three channels known as the "Danish straits".
  http://wn.com/Denmark
• Dominion of Canada
  http://wn.com/Dominion_of_Canada
• 
  Ethiopia
  {{Infobox country
  http://wn.com/Ethiopia
• 
  Finland
  Finland (pronounced ), officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden on the west, Norway on the north and Russia on the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.
  http://wn.com/Finland
• 
  France
  {{Infobox Country
  http://wn.com/France
• 
  Germany
  Germany (), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (, ), is a country in Western Europe. It is bordered to the north by the North Sea, Denmark, and the Baltic Sea; to the east by Poland and the Czech Republic; to the south by Austria and Switzerland; and to the west by France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The territory of Germany covers 357.021 km2 and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 81.8 million inhabitants, it is the most populous member state of the European Union, and home to the third-largest number of international migrants worldwide.
  http://wn.com/Germany
• 
  Helsinki
  Helsinki (; , ) is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the southern part of Finland, in the region of Uusimaa/Nyland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, by the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is (), making it the most populous municipality in Finland by a wide margin. Helsinki is located some east of Stockholm, Sweden, west of St. Petersburg, Russia and north of Tallinn, Estonia. Helsinki has close connections with these three cities.
  http://wn.com/Helsinki
• 
  India
  India (), officially the Republic of India ( ; see also official names of India), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.18 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world. Mainland India is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the west, and the Bay of Bengal on the east; and it is bordered by Pakistan to the west; Bhutan, the People's Republic of China and Nepal to the north; and Bangladesh and Burma to the east. In the Indian Ocean, mainland India and the Lakshadweep Islands are in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives, while India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share maritime border with Thailand and the Indonesian island of Sumatra in the Andaman Sea. India has a coastline of .
  http://wn.com/India
• 
  Irish Free State
  The Irish Free State () (1922–1937) was the state established as a Dominion on 6 December 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty, signed by the British government and Irish representatives exactly twelve months beforehand. On the day the Irish Free State was established, it comprised the entire island of Ireland, but Northern Ireland almost immediately exercised its right under the Treaty to opt out of the new state. The Irish Free State effectively replaced the self-proclaimed Irish Republic (itself established on 21 January 1919). Similarly, the new government of the Irish Free State replaced both the Provisional Government of Southern Ireland and the Government of the Irish Republic although W. T. Cosgrave, the first President of the Executive Council of the Irish Free State had, in any event, led both governments since August 1922.
  http://wn.com/Irish_Free_State
• 
  Italy
  Italy (; ), officially the Italian Republic (), is a country located in south-central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia along the Alps. To the south it consists of the entirety of the Italian Peninsula, Sicily, Sardinia — the two largest islands in the Mediterranean Sea — and many other smaller islands. The independent states of San Marino and the Vatican City are enclaves within Italy, whilst Campione d'Italia is an Italian exclave in Switzerland. The territory of Italy covers some and is influenced by a temperate seasonal climate. With 60.4 million inhabitants, it is the sixth most populous country in Europe, and the twenty-third most populous in the world.
  http://wn.com/Italy
• 
  Japan
  Japan (日本 Nihon or Nippon), officially the State of Japan ( or Nihon-koku), is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. The characters that make up Japan's name mean "sun-origin" (because it lies to the east of nearby countries), which is why Japan is sometimes referred to as the "Land of the Rising Sun".
  http://wn.com/Japan
• 
  Libya
  Libya ( ; Libyan vernacular: Lībya ; Amazigh: ), officially the '''Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (  , also translated as Socialist People's Libyan Arab Great Jamahiriya'''), is a country located in North Africa. Bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Libya lies between Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south, and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.
  http://wn.com/Libya
• Lima
  Lima is the capital and largest city of Peru. It is located in the valleys of the Chillón, Rímac and Lurín rivers, on a desert coast overlooking the Pacific Ocean. Together with the seaport of Callao, it forms a contiguous urban area known as the Lima Metropolitan Area. With a population fast approaching 9 million, Lima is the fifth largest city in Latin America, behind Mexico City, São Paulo, Buenos Aires and Rio de Janeiro. Lima has been defined as a beta world city.
  http://wn.com/Lima
• Loire
  Loire (; ; ) is an administrative department in the east-central part of France occupying the River Loire's upper reaches.
  http://wn.com/Loire
• 
  Madrid
  Madrid (Spanish , English ) is the capital and largest city of Spain. The population of the city is roughly 3.3 million (as of December 2009); the entire population of the metropolitan area (urban area and suburbs) is calculated to be nearly 6 million. It is the third-most populous municipality in the European Union after London and Berlin, and its metropolitan area is the third-most populous in the European Union after Paris and London. The city spans a total of 698 km² (234 sq mi).
  http://wn.com/Madrid
• 
  Managua
  Managua () is the capital city of Nicaragua as well as the department and municipality by the same name. It is the largest city in Nicaragua in terms of population and geographic size. Located on the southwestern shore of Lake Managua, the city was declared the national capital in 1852. Prior to its inception as the capital city, the title had alternated between the cities of León and Granada. The city has a population of roughly 1,800,000, composed predominantly of mestizos and whites. Managua is the second most populous city in Central America after Guatemala City.
  http://wn.com/Managua
• 
  Nevada
  Nevada is a state located in the western and southwestern region of the United States. Nevada is also part of the Mountain States. The capital is Carson City and the largest city is Las Vegas. The state's nickname is Silver State, due to the large number of silver deposits that were discovered and mined there. "Sagebrush State" and "Battle Born State" are its alternative nicknames. In 1864, Nevada became the 36th state to enter the union, and the phrase "Battle Born" on the state flag reflects the state's entry on the Union side during the American Civil War. Its first nonnative settlement was called Mormon Station.
  http://wn.com/Nevada
• 
  New Delhi
  New Delhi (, naī dillī) is the capital city of India. It serves as the centre of the Government of India and the Government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi.
  http://wn.com/New_Delhi
• 
  New Zealand
  {{Infobox Country
  http://wn.com/New_Zealand
• 
  Nicaragua
  Nicaragua ( ) officially the Republic of Nicaragua (, ), is a representative democratic republic. It is the largest country in Central America with an area of 130,373 km2. The country is bordered by Honduras to the north and Costa Rica to the south. The Pacific Ocean lies to the west of the country, the Caribbean Sea to the east. The country's Caribbean coast is part of the Western Caribbean Zone. Falling within the tropics, Nicaragua sits between 11 degrees and 14 degrees north of the Equator in the Northern Hemisphere. Nicaragua's abundance of biologically significant and unique ecosystems contribute to Mesoamerica's designation as a biodiversity hotspot. The capital city of Nicaragua is Managua. Roughly one quarter of the nation's population lives in the Nicaraguan capital, making it the second largest city and metropolitan area in Central America (following Guatemala City).
  http://wn.com/Nicaragua
• 
  Nobel Peace Prize
  The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish and Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes bequeathed by the Swedish industrialist and inventor Alfred Nobel.
  http://wn.com/Nobel_Peace_Prize
• 
  Panama Canal
  The Panama Canal is a ship canal in Panama that joins the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean and is a key conduit for international maritime trade. Built from 1904 to 1914, annual traffic has risen from about 1,000 ships in the canal's early days to 14,702 vessels in 2008, measuring a total 309.6 million Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) tons.
  http://wn.com/Panama_Canal
• Radio Vaticana
  http://wn.com/Radio_Vaticana
• 
  Soviet Union
  The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, , abbreviated СССР, SSSR), informally known as the Soviet Union () or Soviet Russia, was a constitutionally socialist state that existed on the territory of most of the former Russian Empire in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991.
  http://wn.com/Soviet_Union
• 
  Sweden
  Sweden (pronounced , ), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish: ), is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden has land borders with Norway to the west and Finland to the northeast, and water borders with Denmark, Germany, and Poland to the south, and Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and Russia to the east. Sweden is also connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund.
  http://wn.com/Sweden
• 
  Turkey
  Turkey (), known officially as the Republic of Turkey (), is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between Eastern Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
  http://wn.com/Turkey
• 
  United Kingdom
  The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (commonly known as the United Kingdom, the UK, or Britain) is a country and sovereign state located off the northwestern coast of continental Europe. It is an island nation, spanning an archipelago including Great Britain, the northeastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK with a land border with another sovereign state, sharing it with the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea, the English Channel and the Irish Sea. Great Britain is linked to continental Europe by the Channel Tunnel.
  http://wn.com/United_Kingdom
• 
  United States
  The United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.
  http://wn.com/United_States
• 
  USS Arizona (BB-39)
  {|
  http://wn.com/USS_Arizona_(BB-39)

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City Lights (1931)

"City Lights (1931)" Actors

• Virginia Cherrill
• Florence Lee
• Harry Myers
• Al Ernest Garcia
• Hank Mann
• Charles Chaplin
• Jack Alexander
• T.s. Alexander
• Victor Alexander
• Albert Austin
• Harry Ayers
• Eddie Baker
• Henry Bergman
• Betty Blair
• Tom Dempsey

"City Lights (1931)" Director

• Charlie Chaplin

• 
  Creative Commons / Paul Farley.
• 
  Creative Commons / Herbert A.
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  Creative Commons / Hans Peter Schaefer
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  Creative Commons
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  Creative Commons / Dyvroeth
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  Creative Commons / Brian Stansberry
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  Creative Commons / Scruch
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  Creative Commons / Scruch
• 
  Creative Commons / Pavel K F pkalac
• 
  Creative Commons
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  Creative Commons
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  Creative Commons
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  Creative Commons
• 
  Creative Commons
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  Creative Commons
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  Creative Commons / Canaan
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  Creative Commons
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  WN / Imran Nissar
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  WN / Imran Nissar
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  WN / Imran Nissar
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  WN / Imran Nissar
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  WN / Imran Nissar
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  WN / Imran Nissar
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  WN / Imran Nissar