Coordinates	°′″N°′″N
Name	Robert Christgau
Birth date	April 18, 1942
Birth place	New York City, New York, USA
Occupation	Music critic, essayist, music journalist
Nationality	American
Period	1960s–present
Spouse	Carola Dibbell
Children	Nina Christgau
Website	http://www.robertchristgau.com/
Portaldisp	}}

Robert Christgau (born April 18, 1942) is an American essayist, music journalist, and self-proclaimed "Dean of American Rock Critics".

One of the earliest professional rock critics, Christgau is known for his terse capsule reviews, published since 1969 in his ''Consumer Guide'' columns. He also spent 37 years as music editor for ''The Village Voice'', during which time he created the annual Pazz & Jop poll.

Early life

Christgau grew up in New York City, where he says he became a rock and roll fan when disc jockey Alan Freed moved to the city in 1954. He left New York for four years to attend Dartmouth College, graduating in 1962 with a B.A. in English. While at college Christgau's musical interests turned to jazz, but he quickly returned to rock after moving back to New York.

Career

He initially wrote short stories, before giving up fiction in 1964 to become a sportswriter, and later, a police reporter for the ''Newark Star-Ledger''. Christgau became a freelance writer after a story he wrote about the death of a woman in New Jersey was published by ''New York'' magazine. He was asked to take over the dormant music column at ''Esquire'', which he began writing in early 1967. After ''Esquire'' discontinued the column, Christgau moved to ''The Village Voice'' in 1969, and he also worked as a college professor.

In early 1972, he accepted a full-time job as music critic for ''Newsday''. Christgau returned to the ''Village Voice'' in 1974 as music editor. He remained there until August 2006, when he was fired shortly after the paper's acquisition by New Times Media. Two months later, Christgau became a contributing editor at ''Rolling Stone''. Late in 2007, Christgau was fired by ''Rolling Stone'', although he continued to work for the magazine for another three months. Starting with the March 2008 issue, he joined ''Blender'', where he was listed as "senior critic" for three issues and then "contributing editor." Christgau had been a regular contributor to ''Blender'' before he joined ''Rolling Stone''. He continued to write for ''Blender'' until the magazine ceased publication in March 2009.

Christgau has also written frequently for ''Playboy'', ''Spin'', and ''Creem''.

He previously taught during the formative years of the California Institute of the Arts. As of 2005, he was also an adjunct professor in the Clive Davis Department of Recorded Music at New York University.

''Consumer Guide''

Christgau is perhaps best known for his ''Consumer Guide'' columns, which have been published on a more-or-less monthly basis since 1969, in the ''Village Voice'', as well as a brief period at ''Newsday''. In December 2006, the column moved online to MSN Music, initially appearing every other month, before switching to a monthly schedule in June 2007. In its original format, the ''Consumer Guide'' consisted of 18 to 20 single-paragraph album reviews, each of which was given a letter grade ranging from A+ to E-. "Christgau's blurbs", writes Jody Rosen, "are like no one else's — dense with ideas and allusions, first-person confessions and invective, highbrow references and slang."

In 1990, Christgau changed the format of the ''Consumer Guide''; it now contains six to eight reviews graded upper-B+ or higher, one "Dud of the Month" review graded B or lower, and three lists: Honorable Mention (B+ albums deemed not worthy of full-paragraph reviews), Choice Cuts (excellent tracks on un-recommended albums), and Duds. For several years, there were two annual ''Consumer Guide'' columns which strayed from this format: The Turkey Shoot (typically published the week of Thanksgiving), which consisted entirely of reviews graded B- or lower, and a Christmas-season roundup of compilations and reissues, mostly graded A or A+. Both have been discontinued.

He also uses ratings such as "neither" (denoted by a frowny face), which "may impress once or twice with consistent craft or an arresting track or two. Then it won't" and a "choice cut" (denoted by a pair of scissors), which, as noted above, "is a good song on an album that isn't worth your time or money."

Other ratings including 1-3 stars, being various versions of "honorable mention."

Lou Reed recorded a tirade against Christgau in his 1978 live album, ''Take No Prisoners'': "Critics…What does Robert Christgau do in bed? You know, is he a toe fucker? Man, anal retentive, ''A Consumer's Guide to Rock''?!? What a moron...A study by me by Robert Christgau...Nice little box and a B+...Can you imagine working for a fucking year, and you get a B+ from an asshole in ''The Village Voice''?” Christgau rated the album C+ and wrote in his review, “I thank Lou for pronouncing my name right.” Similar angst came from band Sonic Youth in their song Kill Yr Idols (at the time known as "I Killed Christgau With My Big Fucking Dick"), in which they sing "I don't know why / You wanna impress Christgau / Ah let that shit die / And find out the new goal"; Christgau responded by saying "Idolization is for rock stars, even rock stars manqué like these impotent bohos--critics just want a little respect. So if it's not too hypersensitive of me, I wasn't flattered to hear my name pronounced right, not on this particular title track."

On July 1, 2010, Christgau announced in the introduction to his ''Consumer Guide'' column that the July 2010 installment would be his last on MSN.

}}

On November 22 of that year, Christgau launched a blog on MSN, "Expert Witness", which would only feature reviews of albums that he had graded B+ or higher, since those albums "are the gut and backbone of my musical pleasure;" the writing of reviews for which are "so rewarding psychologically that I'm happy to do it at blogger's rates."

Pazz & Jop

In 1971, Christgau inaugurated the annual Pazz & Jop music poll. The results are published in the ''Village Voice'' every February, and compile "top ten" lists submitted by music critics across the nation. Throughout Christgau's career at the ''Voice'', every poll was accompanied by a lengthy Christgau essay analyzing the results, and pondering the year's overall musical output. The ''Voice'' has continued the feature, despite Christgau's dismissal, and although he no longer oversees the poll, Christgau continues to vote in it.

Style and tastes

Christgau names Louis Armstrong, Thelonious Monk, Chuck Berry, The Beatles, and The New York Dolls as his top five artists of all time. In music critic circles, he was an early supporter of hip hop and the riot grrrl movements. In the 1980s, Christgau was a fervent booster of Afro-pop, a stance that alienated him from some in the critical community, as he seemed insufficiently interested in American and British rock music. In the 1990s, however, Christgau's interest in indie rock seemed to increase.

Christgau readily admits to disliking the musical genres heavy metal, art rock, progressive rock, bluegrass, gospel, Irish folk, and jazz fusion, but in rare instances has recommended albums in most of these genres.

In December 1980, Christgau provoked angry responses from ''Voice'' readers when his column approvingly quoted his wife Carola Dibbell's reaction to the murder of John Lennon: "Why is it always Bobby Kennedy or John Lennon? Why isn't it Richard Nixon or Paul McCartney?"

''Slate'' music critic Jody Rosen describes Christgau's writing as "often maddening, always thought-provoking... With Pauline Kael, Christgau is arguably one of the two most important American mass-culture critics of the second half of the 20th century. … All rock critics working today, at least the ones who want to do more than rewrite PR copy, are in some sense Christgauians."

References

External links

Official web site

Expert Witness blog on MSN Music

Consumer Guide on MSN Music

Users' Guide to the Consumer Guide

Category:1942 births Category:American atheists Category:American essayists Category:American music journalists Category:American music critics Category:Dartmouth College alumni Category:Living people

ca:Robert Christgau da:Robert Christgau de:Robert Christgau es:Robert Christgau fr:Robert Christgau it:Robert Christgau ka:რობერტ კრისტგოუ sw:Robert Christgau hu:Robert Christgau no:Robert Christgau nn:Robert Christgau pl:Robert Christgau pt:Robert Christgau ro:Robert Christgau ru:Кристгау, Роберт simple:Robert Christgau sv:Robert Christgau tr:Robert Christgau

Coordinates	°′″N°′″N
Name	Robert Gibbs
Office	28th White House Press Secretary
Deputy	Jennifer Psaki
President	Barack Obama
Term start	January 20, 2009
Term end	February 11, 2011
Predecessor	Dana Perino
Successor	Jay Carney
Birth date	March 29, 1971
Birth place	Auburn, Alabama, U.S.
Party	Democratic Party
Alma mater	North Carolina State University
Website	White House Briefing Room }}

Robert Lane Gibbs (born March 29, 1971) was the 28th White House Press Secretary. Gibbs was the communications director for then-U.S. Senator Barack Obama and Obama's 2008 presidential campaign. Gibbs, who has worked with Obama since 2004, was press secretary of John Kerry's 2004 presidential campaign and has previously specialized in Senate campaigns, having served as communications director for the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee and for four individual Senate campaigns, including those of Obama in 2004 and Fritz Hollings in 1998. Gibbs was also the press secretary of Representative Bob Etheridge. On November 22, 2008, Gibbs was announced as the press secretary of the Obama administration. He assumed the role of press secretary on January 20, 2009, and gave his first official briefing on January 22.

On January 5, 2011, Gibbs announced that he would leave the White House to become an outside advisor to the administration. He left on February 11, 2011.

Early life and education

Gibbs was born in Auburn, Alabama. His parents, Nancy and Robert Coleman Gibbs, worked in the Auburn University library system and involved their son in politics at an early age. Nancy Gibbs would take Robert, then known as "Bobby," to local League of Women Voters meetings rather than hire a babysitter, and involved him in "voter re-identification" work at the county courthouse. Gibbs attended Auburn City Schools and Auburn High School. At Auburn High, Gibbs played saxophone in the Auburn High School Band, was a goalkeeper on the Tigers' soccer team, and participated in the school's debate squad. Gibbs graduated from Auburn High in 1989, in the same class as novelist Ace Atkins, LEGO artist Eric Harshbarger, and the Chief Hospitalist at Valley Medical Center, Dr. Michael Mena.

Gibbs went on to attend the North Carolina State University, serving as goalkeeper for the North Carolina State Wolfpack soccer team from 1990 to 1992. Gibbs graduated from North Carolina State ''cum laude'' with a B.A. in political science in 1993.

Career

While a student at North Carolina State in 1991, Gibbs became an intern for Alabama's 3rd congressional district Congressman Glen Browder. Gibbs quickly rose through the ranks of Browder's staff, rising to become the representative's executive assistant in Washington, D.C. Gibbs returned to Alabama in 1996 to work on Browder's unsuccessful Senate campaign that year. In 1997, Gibbs was press secretary for Congressman Bob Etheridge of North Carolina and, in 1998, was spokesman for Senator Fritz Hollings' successful re-election campaign. Gibbs worked in the campaigns of two other senators and served as communications director for the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, before taking the position of press secretary of John Kerry's 2004 presidential campaign.

U.S. presidential election, 2004

Early in the 2004 presidential campaign, Gibbs was the press secretary of Democratic candidate Senator John Kerry. On November 11, 2003, Gibbs resigned "in reaction to the firing of Jim Jordan, abruptly let go by Kerry Sunday night." Gibbs was replaced by Stephanie Cutter, a former spokeswoman for Ted Kennedy. After leaving the Kerry campaign, Gibbs became spokesman for a 527 political group formed to stop the 2004 presidential campaign of Howard Dean which launched attack ads against Dean. Gibbs was criticized in February 2007, during the Obama Presidential campaign, by some left leaning bloggers.

Advisor to Barack Obama

Gibbs joined Barack Obama's 2004 U.S. Senate campaign as communications director in mid-April 2004 and remained with the senator through the first two years of Obama's term. Gibbs is credited with guiding Obama through those first years and molding his rise on the national scene. According to ''The New York Times'', Gibbs advised Obama on politics, strategy and messaging, and spent more time with Obama than any other advisor.

U.S. presidential election, 2008

The appointment of Gibbs by Obama to the post of communications chief was met with mild controversy by some critics in the Democratic National Committee, who cited Gibbs' role in the aggressive campaign tactics used to block the nomination of Howard Dean in the 2004 race. Obama, however, referred to Gibbs as his "one-person Southern focus group" and welcomed him as part of his close-knit team that included strategist David Axelrod, campaign director David Plouffe, and research director Devorah Adler. In his communications role, Gibbs became known as "the enforcer" because of his aggressive rapid-response methods for countering disinformation tactics from opponents. Gibbs assumed responsibility for "shaping the campaign message, responding to the 24/7 news cycle, schmoozing with the press and fighting back when he disagree[d] with its reporting." As the chief intermediary between the Obama campaign and the press, Gibbs sought to counter the Republican National Committee's opposition research tactics against Obama in early 2007.

Gibbs adopted a policy of rapid response to claims by conservative news outlets that questioned Obama's religious upbringing. In response to the "Obama is a Muslim" meme suggested by these claims, Gibbs disseminated information to other news networks that Obama is not nor has ever been Muslim. At the time, Gibbs said, "These malicious, irresponsible charges are precisely the kind of politics the American people have grown tired of."

After comments by George W. Bush to the Israeli Knesset questioning Obama's foreign policy platform's focus on international diplomacy, Gibbs responded, calling Bush's comments "astonishing" and "an unprecedented attack on foreign soil." Gibbs argued that Bush's policy amounted to "cowboy diplomacy" that had been discounted by Bush's own Secretary of Defense, Robert Gates, and quoted with Gates' own words: "We need to figure out a way to develop some leverage ... and then sit down and talk...if there is going to be a discussion, then they need something, too. We can't go to a discussion and be completely the demander, with them not feeling that they need anything from us."

He was widely blamed by news media executives for "holding hostage" reporters, while Obama and Hillary Clinton met for the first time after a heavily-contested Democratic primary season. He countered back, “It wasn't an attempt to deceive in any way ... It was just private meetings.”

White House Press Secretary

On November 22, 2008, it was announced by the Obama Transition Team that Gibbs would be the White House Press Secretary for the Obama administration. He assumed the role of press secretary on January 20, 2009, and gave his first official briefing on January 22.

Gibbs has repeatedly angered some Democrats, such as by acknowledging the Republicans could win the House of Representatives in 2010.

In an interview with The Hill, Gibbs derided the “professional left” and "liberals," who “wouldn’t be satisfied if Dennis Kucinich was president.” He said that people who compare Obama's policies to George W. Bush's "ought to be drug tested.”

Personal life

Gibbs is married to Mary Catherine Gibbs, an attorney, and lives in Alexandria, Virginia with their son, Ethan. His parents live in Apex, North Carolina, where his mother Nancy is acquisitions director for the libraries at Duke University. Gibbs is a college football fan, particularly of the Auburn Tigers.

References

Further reading

External links

White House Briefing Room

Official Twitter page

The Many Faces of Robert Gibbs - slideshow by ''Life magazine''

Profile at SourceWatch

Monica Langley, "Meet Obama's Media 'Enforcer'", ''Wall Street Journal'', August 28, 2008.

Biography and News

Category:1971 births Category:Alabama Democrats Category:American political consultants Category:Auburn High School (Alabama) alumni Category:Barack Obama Category:Living people Category:Obama Administration personnel Category:North Carolina State University alumni Category:People from Auburn, Alabama Category:White House Press Secretaries

de:Robert Gibbs fr:Robert Gibbs it:Robert Gibbs ko:로버트 기브스 ja:ロバート・ギブズ no:Robert Gibbs sv:Robert Gibbs

Coordinates	°′″N°′″N
name	Robert Muraine
full name	Robert Leo Muraine II
birth date	July 02, 1987
birth place	Eagle Rock, Los Angeles, California, United States
height
dances	popping }}

Robert "Mr. Fantastic" Muraine (born July 2, 1987 in North East Los Angeles, California) is a dancer in the popping style.

Muraine gained national attention when he gave a lengthy audition to the obscure tune of "It's Me Bitches" by Swizz Beats for Season 4 of the television program ''So You Think You Can Dance'', during which executive producer and judge Nigel Lythgoe declared that Muraine was his favorite dancer of 2008 and then handed him the ticket in a mock slow motion fashion. Muraine quit during contestant selection due to the difficult choreography but appeared later in the season for a guest performance, after which Lythgoe suggested a dance-off with Phillip "PacMan" Chbeeb. The dance-off aired in August 2008 during the season finale and the judges selected Muraine as the winner.

Muraine also represented the USA in ''Superstars of Dance'' on NBC. Specifically winning the bronze medal in the solo category, which helped lead the USA to take the top prize for the season. He was referred to as the "popping soloist" of the team.

Muraine starred in a television commercial for IKEA called "What Goes Where?" in which he arranges IKEA products alongside Shugamai Johnson performing with robot dance and liquid dancing.

Currently, Muraine is involved in Cirque Dreams: Illumination, performing his unique style of dance. He is majorly featured in a segment called "An Urban Beat with Robert Muraine."

References

External links

Full length IKEA video featuring Muraine

RobertMuraine.com

Superstars of Dance

Category:Popping dancers Category:So You Think You Can Dance contestants Category:1987 births Category:Living people

ro:Robert Muraine

Coordinates	°′″N°′″N
name	Robert Pattinson
birth name	Robert Douglas Thomas Pattinson
birth date	May 13, 1986
birth place	London, England, UK
other names	Rob, R-Pattz, Spunk Ransom (nicknames)
occupation	Actor, model, musician, producer
yearsactive	2004–present
relatives	Lizzy Pattinson (sister)
signature	Robert Pattinson signature.svg }}

Robert Douglas Thomas Pattinson (born 13 May 1986) is an English actor, model, musician, and producer. Born and raised in London, Pattinson started out his career by playing the role of Cedric Diggory in ''Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire''. Later, he landed the leading role of Edward Cullen in the film adaptations of the ''Twilight'' novels by Stephenie Meyer, and came to worldwide fame. Pattinson was ranked as one of the highest paid actors in Hollywood based on 2009 earnings. In 2010, Pattinson was named one of ''TIME'' magazine's 100 Most Influential People in The World, and also in the same year ''Forbes'' ranked him as one of the most powerful celebrities in the world in the Forbes Celebrity 100.

Early life

Pattinson was born in London. His mother, Clare, worked for a modelling agency, and his father, Richard, imported vintage cars from the U.S. Pattinson has two elder sisters, singer Lizzy Pattinson, and Victoria Pattinson. Growing up in the Barnes suburb of London, he attended Tower House School until he was 12, and then The Harrodian School. He became involved in amateur theatre at the Barnes Theatre Company. He auditioned and was cast in a small role in ''Guys and Dolls''. He next auditioned for Thornton Wilder's ''Our Town'' and was cast as George Gibbs. He also played in ''Anything Goes'' and ''Macbeth''. He caught the attention of an acting agent in a production of ''Tess of the d'Urbervilles'' and began looking for professional roles.

Career

Modelling

Pattinson began modelling when he was twelve years old, but the number of jobs began to decrease only four years later. In December 2008 he blamed the lack of work as a model on his masculine appearance: "When I first started I was quite tall and looked like a girl, so I got lots of jobs, because it was during that period where the androgynous look was cool. Then, I guess, I became too much of a guy, so I never got any more jobs. I had the most unsuccessful modelling career." Pattinson appeared in the advertising campaign for Hackett's autumn 2007 collection.

Acting

Pattinson had supporting roles in the made for television film ''Ring of the Nibelungs'' in 2004 and in director Mira Nair’s ''Vanity Fair'', although his scenes in the latter were deleted and only appear on the DVD version. In May 2005, he was slated to appear in the UK premiere of ''The Woman Before'' at the Royal Court Theatre, but was fired shortly before the opening night and was replaced by Tom Riley. Later that year he played Cedric Diggory in ''Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire''. For this role he was named that year's ''British Star of Tomorrow'' by ''The Times''. He has more than once been touted as the next Jude Law.

Pattinson played Edward Cullen in the film ''Twilight'', based on Stephenie Meyer's best-selling novel of the same name, which was released on 21 November 2008 in North America. According to ''TV Guide'', Pattinson was initially apprehensive about auditioning for the role of Edward Cullen, fearful that he would not be able to live up to the "perfection" expected from the character. He reprised his role as Edward Cullen in the ''Twilight'' sequels ''The Twilight Saga: New Moon'' and ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse'', which was released 30 June 2010.

Pattinson had lead roles in the feature films ''Little Ashes'' (in which he plays Salvador Dalí), ''How to Be'' (a British comedy), and the short film ''The Summer House''.

In 2009, Pattinson presented at the 81st Academy Awards. On 10 November, Revolver Entertainment released the DVD ''Robsessed'', a documentary which details Pattinson's life and popularity.

In 2010, Pattinson executively produced and starred in the film ''Remember Me'', which was released on 12 March 2010. On 13 May 2010, Pattinson appeared on ''The Oprah Winfrey Show'' for ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse'' and also made an appearance on ''The Ellen DeGeneres Show'' on 18 May, which aired the following day. Pattinson attended the official worldwide red carpet premiere for ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse'' on 24 June 2010 at the Los Angeles Nokia Theatre.

In 2011, he starred in ''Water for Elephants'', a film adaptation of the Sara Gruen novel of the same name, with Christoph Waltz and Reese Witherspoon.

He will play Georges Duroy in a film adaptation of the 1885 novel ''Bel Ami'', with Uma Thurman, which will be released in 2011. He will also appear in a theatre production for producer David Pugh.

Music

Pattinson plays guitar and piano, and composes his own music. He also appears as the singer of two songs on the ''Twilight'' soundtrack: "Never Think", which he co-wrote with Sam Bradley, and "Let Me Sign", which was written by Marcus Foster and Bobby Long. The songs were included in the film after director Catherine Hardwicke added Pattinson's recordings into an early cut without his knowledge, and he agreed that "one of them specifically, it really made the scene better. It was like it was supposed to be there." The soundtrack for the film ''How to Be'' features three original songs performed by Pattinson and written by composer Joe Hastings.

Aside from recording for the soundtracks, Pattinson has said, "I've never really recorded anything – I just played in pubs and stuff", and when asked about a professional music career, he said, "Music is my back-up plan if acting fails." In 2010, Pattinson was awarded the 'Hollywood's Most Influential Top Unexpected Musicians' award.

In the media

Pattinson was named one of the "Sexiest Men Alive" in 2008 and 2009 by ''People'' magazine. In 2009, he was also named the "Sexiest Man Alive" by ''Glamour''. ''Ask Men'' named Pattinson as one of the top 49 most influential men of 2009. In 2009, ''Vanity Fair'' named Pattinson "the most handsome man in the world" along with Angelina Jolie as the most beautiful woman in the world.

He was named one of ''Vanity Fair'''s "Top Hollywood Earners of 2009" with estimated earnings of $18 million in 2009.

In December 2009, Pattinson autographed a guitar to be auctioned off for charity. He also volunteered for the ''Hope for Haiti Now: A Global Benefit for Earthquake Relief'' in January 2010.

''GQ'' and ''Glamour'' both named him the "Best Dressed Man" of 2010, with ''GQ'' stating, "Extremely elegant and inspiring, the true essence of a contemporary man." In 2010, ''People'' also listed Pattinson in their "World's Most Beautiful" issue.

In 2010, Britain's ''The Sunday Times'' "Rich List" put him on its "list of young millionaires" in the UK, worth £13 million. ''Time'' magazine named him as one of 2010's 100 Most Influential People in The World. In June 2010, Pattinson was named by Forbes magazine the No.50 most powerful celebrity in the world with earnings $17 million. Due to Pattinson's rising fame, a wax statue of him was added to the Madame Tussauds collection in London and New York City. On 14 November 2010, Pattinson received two BBC Radio 1 Teen Awards, Best Dressed and Best Actor.

In 2011, Pattinson was No. 15 on ''Vanity Fair'''s "Hollywood Top 40" with earnings of $27.5 million in 2010.

Filmography

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
2004		Rawdy Crawley	Only seen on DVD release
2004		Giselher	Television film
2005		Cedric Diggory
2006	''''	Toby Jugg	Television film
2007	''''	Daniel Gale	Television film
2007		Cedric Diggory	Cameo
2008	''How to Be''	Art
2008		Edward Cullen	Hollywood Film Award for New HollywoodMTV Movie Award for Breakthrough Performance MaleMTV Movie Award for Best Kiss MTV Movie Award for Best Fight People's Choice Award for Favourite On-Screen-Team Scream Award for Best Fantasy ActorTeen Choice Award for Choice HottieTeen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor DramaTeen Choice Award for Movie Liplock Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Rumble Nominated—Empire Award for Best NewcomerNominated—People's Choice Award for Favourite Movie ActorNominated—Scream Award for Best Ensemble Cast
2009	''Little Ashes''	Salvador Dalí
2009	''''	Edward Cullen	Russia's Georges Award for Best Foreign ActorNational Movie Award for Best PerformanceMTV Movie Award for Best Male PerformanceMTV Movie Award for Global SuperstarMTV Movie Award for Best Kiss Teen Choice Award for Movie Liplock Teen Choice Award for Movie chemistry Nominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice Movie Actor FantasyNominated—Teen Choice Award for Choice HottieNominated—Empire Award for Best ActorNominated—Nickelodeon Kids' Choice Awards for Cutest Couple Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Supporting ActorNominated—Razzie Award for Worst Screen Couple (with Kristen Stewart)
2010		Tyler Hawkins
2010	''''	Edward Cullen	Teen Choice Award for Choice Summer Movie Star – MaleBrazilian Kids' Choice Award for Couple of the Year Scream Award for Best Fantasy ActorPeople's Choice Award for Favourite On-Screen-Team MTV Movie Award for Best Male PerformanceMTV Movie Award for Best Kiss MTV Movie Award for Best Fight Teen Choice Award for Choice VampireNominated—Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Award for Fave Kiss Nominated—People's Choice Award for Favorite Movie ActorNominated—People's Choice Award for Favorite Movie Star Under 25Nominated—Razzie Award for Worst Actor
2011		Jacob Jankowski
2011		Edward Cullen
2012		Georges Duroy	Awaiting release
2012		Edward Cullen	Post-production
2012		Eric Packer	Post-production

References

External links

Category:1986 births Category:Actors from London Category:English child actors Category:English film actors Category:English guitarists Category:English male models Category:English singer-songwriters Category:English stage actors Category:English television actors Category:Living people Category:Old Harrodians Category:People educated at Tower House School Category:People from Barnes, London

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Coordinates	°′″N°′″N
birth name	Kristen Jaymes Stewart
birth date	April 09, 1990
birth place	Los Angeles, California, U.S.
occupation	Actress
yearsactive	1999–present
website	kristenstewart.com
signature	Kristen Stewart signature.svg90px }}

Kristen Jaymes Stewart (born April 9, 1990) is an American actress. She is best known for playing Bella Swan in ''The Twilight Saga''. She has also starred in films including ''Panic Room'' (2002), ''Zathura'' (2005), ''In the Land of Women'' (2007), ''The Messengers'' (2007), ''Adventureland'' (2009) and ''The Runaways'' (2010).

Early life

Stewart was born and raised in Los Angeles, California. Her father, John Stewart, is a stage manager and television producer who has worked for Fox. Her mother, Jules Mann-Stewart, is a script supervisor originally from Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia. She has an older brother, Cameron Stewart, and an adoptive brother, Taylor. Stewart attended school until the seventh grade, and then continued her education by correspondence. She has since completed high school.

Career

Her whole family all worked behind the camera, and Stewart thought she would become a writer/director, but never considered being an actor. "I never wanted to be the center of attention – I wasn't that 'I want to be famous, I want to be an actor' kid. I never sought out acting, but I always practiced my autograph because I love pens. I'd write my name on everything." Stewart's acting career began at the age of eight, after an agent saw her perform in her elementary school's Christmas play. After a year of auditioning, Stewart's first role was a nonspeaking part in the film ''The Thirteenth Year''. Then, she had another part in the film ''The Flintstones in Viva Rock Vegas'' as the "ring toss girl". She subsequently appeared in the independent film ''The Safety of Objects'', in which she played the tomboy daughter of a troubled single mother (Patricia Clarkson). Stewart had a major role in the Hollywood film ''Panic Room'', playing the diabetic daughter of a divorced mother (Jodie Foster). The film received generally positive reviews, and Stewart garnered positive notices for her performance. She was nominated for a Young Artist Award for her performance.

After ''Panic Room''s success, Stewart was cast in another thriller, ''Cold Creek Manor'', playing the daughter of Dennis Quaid's and Sharon Stone's characters. She was again nominated for a Young Artist Award for her performance. The following year, she played the character Maya in ''Fierce People'', directed by Griffin Dunne. After that film, she received the lead role of Jess Solomon in the supernatural thriller film ''The Messengers''.

In 2007, Stewart appeared as teenager Lucy Hardwicke in ''In the Land of Women'', a romantic drama starring Meg Ryan and Adam Brody. The film, as well as Stewart's performance, received mixed reviews. That same year, Stewart appeared in Sean Penn's critically acclaimed adaptation film ''Into the Wild''. For her portrayal of Tracy – a teenage singer who has a crush on young adventurer Christopher McCandless – Stewart received generally positive reviews. Salon.com considered her work a "sturdy, sensitive performance", and the ''Chicago Tribune'' noted that she did "vividly well with a sketch of a role." Her performance was not without detractors, however; ''Variety'''s critic Dennis Harvey wrote, "It's unclear whether Stewart means to be playing hippie-chick Tracy as vapid, or whether it just comes off that way." After ''Into the Wild'', Stewart had a cameo appearance in ''Jumper'' and also appeared in ''What Just Happened'', which was released in October 2008. She also co-stars in ''The Cake Eaters'' an independent film that has only been screened at film festivals.

On November 16, 2007, Summit Entertainment announced that Stewart would play Isabella "Bella" Swan in the film ''Twilight'', based on Stephenie Meyer's bestselling vampire romance novel of the same name. Stewart was on the set of ''Adventureland'' when director Catherine Hardwicke visited her for an informal screen test which "captivated" the director. She stars alongside Robert Pattinson, who plays Edward Cullen, her character's vampire boyfriend. The film began production in February 2008 and finished filming in May 2008. ''Twilight'' was released domestically on November 21, 2008. Her performance garnered mixed reviews with some critcs calling her "the ideal casting choice" and praising her for conveying "Bella's detachment, as well as her need to bust through it" while others criticized her acting for being "wooden" and lacking variety in her facial expressions which they described as "blank". After the release of ''Twilight'', Kristen Stewart was awarded the MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance for her portrayal as Bella Swan.

Stewart reappeared as Bella in the sequel, ''The Twilight Saga: New Moon'' to critical acclaim, receiving much more positive reviews than her portrayal of the same character in ''Twilight''. Jordan Mintzer from ''Variety'' called Stewart "the heart and soul of the film" and praised her for giving "both weight and depth to dialogue...that would sound like typical chick-lit blather in the mouth of a less engaging actress, and she makes Bella's psychological wounds seem like the real deal" while critics who gave the film its worst reviews still found her performance "bringing plenty of soul" to the character. She reprised this role in ''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''.

Stewart has been nominated and presented with the BAFTA Rising Star award. At the 2010 82nd Annual Academy Awards, Stewart and ''Twilight'' co-star Taylor Lautner presented a tribute in honour of the horror movie genre.

In 2009, Stewart starred in ''The Yellow Handkerchief'', which debuted at the Sundance Film Festival and was released into theaters in 2010 by Samuel Goldwyn Films. She also starred alongside James Gandolfini in ''Welcome to the Rileys'', which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2010.

Stewart most recently portrayed rock star Joan Jett in ''The Runaways'', a biopic of the titular band from writer-director Floria Sigismondi. Stewart met with Jett over the 2008–2009 New Year to prepare for the role, and ended up prerecording songs in a studio for the film. She received nearly unanimous praise for her performance. Josh Tyler of ''Cinema Blend'' pronounced her to be "a modern day James Dean. She gives the kind of performance in ''The Runaways'' that hasn’t been seen on screen since his death. ''The Runaways'' is her ''Rebel Without a Cause'' ... she’s absolutely brilliant as Joan Jett." The ''Metro Times'' wrote, "It turns out that Stewart is actually really good at capturing Jett's icy, tough-but-cool girl swagger, adding the needed touches of vulnerability that transform it into a pretty terrific performance... Stewart is a genuine rock star here." Also, A. O. Scott of ''The New York Times'' noted "Ms. Stewart, watchful and unassuming, gives the movie its spine and soul."

She has been cast in the role of Mary Lou in an upcoming film adaptation of Jack Kerouac's cult classic novel ''On the Road''. Shooting began in August 2010.

Stewart was listed as the highest earning female actress in Hollywood in the "2010's Top Hollywood Top Earners List" compiled by ''Vanity Fair''. Throughout 2010, Stewart earned an estimated $28.5 million for all her movie appearances.

''The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn- Part 1'' was released on November 18, 2011. The film was successful in the box office making $283.5 million its opening weekend. Though the film received negative reviews, Stewart's performance was mostly praised. Gabriel Chong said that Stewart's performance, calling it "mesmerising" and saying that she "makes [Bella's] every emotion keenly felt that runs the gamut from joy, trepidation, anxiety, distress and above all quiet and resolute determination" and the ''Village Voice'''s Dan Konis saying Stewart "beautifully underplays" the role. However, some critics found that despite Pattinson and Stewart's chemistry, the relationship came off like a "charade" or that none of the three leads were convincing in their roles.

In March 2011, it was confirmed that Stewart will playing the leading role in the film ''Snow White and the Huntsman''. Filming began on August 15 and is set to be released on June 1, 2012.

Stewart has also been attached to an upcoming big-budget, live-action adaptation of ''Akira'' from Warner Brothers for the role of Ky.

On December 6, 2011, Stewart was named number one on Forbes magazine's list of Hollywood's Best Actors for the Buck.

She was named the new face of an unnamed Balenciaga perfume on January 13, 2012.

Personal life

Stewart currently lives in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles. She has expressed a desire to live and work in Australia, saying, "I want to go to Sydney University in Australia. My mom's from there." Apart from acting, she is also interested in attending college in the near future, saying, "I want to go to college for literature. I want to be a writer. I mean, I love what I do, but it's not all I want to do – be a professional liar for the rest of my life." In a 2008 interview with ''Vanity Fair'', Stewart stated that she dated Michael Angarano, her co-star from ''Speak''.

Filmography

! Year	! Title	! Role	Notes
1999	''''	Girl waiting for drink	Uncredited
2000	''''	Ring toss girl	Uncredited
2001	''''	Sam Jennings	Limited release
2002	''Panic Room''	Sarah Altman
2003	''Cold Creek Manor''	Kristen Tilson
2004		Melinda Sordino
2004	''Catch That Kid''	Maddy
2004		Lila
2005		Maya Osbourne	Limited release
2005		Lisa
2007		Jessica "Jess" Solomon
2007	''In the Land of Women''	Lucy Hardwicke
2007	''''	Georgia	Limited release
2007		Tracy Tatro
2007		Young Robin	Short film
2008		Sophie	Cameo
2008	''What Just Happened''	Zoe
2008		Bella Swan
2009		Emily "Em" Lewin
2009	''''	Bella Swan
2010	''''	Martine	Limited release
2010	''''	Joan Jett
2010	''Welcome to the Rileys''	Mallory
2010	''''	Bella Swan
2011	''''	Bella Swan
2012	''Snow White & the Huntsman''	Snow White	Post-production
2012		Marylou	Post-production
2012	''''	Bella Swan	Post-production

Awards and nominations

+ List of awards and nominations
Year	! Title of work	! Award	! Category	! Result	Notes
2002	''Panic Room''	Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Leading Young Actress
2003	''Cold Creek Manor''	Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Supporting Young Actress
2004		Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Supporting Young Actress
2007		Young Artist Award	Best performance in a feature film- Supporting Young Actress
2007		Screen Actors Guild Award	Outstanding performance by a cast in a motion picture		Entire Cast
2008		MTV Movie Award
2008		MTV Movie Award			Shared with Robert Pattinson
2008		Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress Drama
2008		Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Liplock		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2008		Scream Award	Best Fantasy Actress
2008		Scream Award	Best Ensemble Cast
2008		People's Choice Award	Favourite On-Screen Team		Shared with Robert Pattinson and Taylor Lautner
2008		People's Choice Award	Favourite Movie Actress
2009		Gotham Award	Best Ensemble cast		Entire cast
2009	''''	BAFTA Award
2009	''''		Cutest Couple		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2009	''''		Cutest Couple		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2009	''''	MTV Movie Award
2009	''''	MTV Movie Award			Shared with Robert Pattinson
2009	''''	Golden Raspberry Award			Shared with Robert Pattinson
2009	''''	Golden Raspberry Award	Worst Screen Couple		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2009	''''	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress Fantasy
2010	''The Runaways''	Teen Choice Award	Choice Movie Actress Drama
2010	''The Runaways''	MTV Movie Award	Best Kiss		Shared with Dakota Fanning
2010	''Welcome to the Rileys''	Milan International Film Festival	Best Actress
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''		Couple of the Year		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''		Fave Kiss		Shared with Taylor Lautner
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Award	Fave Kiss		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Scream Award	Best Fantasy Actress
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	People's Choice Award	Favorite Movie Actress
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	People's Choice Award	Favourite On-Screen-Team		Shared with Taylor Lautner and Robert Pattinson
2010	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	People's Choice Award	Favorite Movie Star Under 25
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''		Movie Actress
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	MTV Movie Awards
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	MTV Movie Awards			Shared with Taylor Lautner
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	MTV Movie Awards	Best Kiss		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Teen Choice Awards	Choice Movie Actress: Sci-Fi/Fantasy
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Teen Choice Awards	Choice Movie: Liplock		Shared with Robert Pattinson
2011	''The Twilight Saga: Eclipse''	Teen Choice Awards	Choice Movie: Liplock		Shared with Taylor Lautner

References

External links

Category:1990 births Category:Actors from Los Angeles, California Category:American child actors Category:American film actors Category:American people of Australian descent Category:American television actors Category:BAFTA winners (people) Category:Living people Category:20th-century actors Category:21st-century actors

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