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Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (; 20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was an Austrian-born German politician and the leader of the National Socialist German Workers Party (, abbreviated NSDAP), commonly known as the Nazi Party. He was Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and served as head of state as Führer und Reichskanzler from 1934 to 1945.
http://wn.com/Adolf_Hitler -
Alberto Fujimori
'''Alberto Ken'ya Fujimori Fujimori''' (; Japanese name: ) (born 28 July 1938) served as President of Peru from 28 July 1990 to 17 November 2000. A controversial figure, Fujimori has been credited with uprooting terrorism in Peru and restoring its macroeconomic stability, though his methods have drawn charges of authoritarianism and human rights violations. Even amidst his 2008 prosecution for "crimes against humanity" relating to his presidency, two-thirds of Peruvians polled voiced approval for his leadership in that period.
http://wn.com/Alberto_Fujimori -
Blaise Compaoré
Blaise Compaoré (born February 3, 1951) has been the President of Burkina Faso since 1987. He is the founder of the ruling political party, the Congress for Democracy and Progress. He has been implicated in the murder of Thomas Sankara, his predecessor, in the 1987 coup. He was elected President in 1991, in an election that was boycotted by the opposition; he was re-elected in 1998 and 2005.
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Boris Yeltsin
Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin (; 1 February 1931 – 23 April 2007) was the first President of the Russian Federation, serving from 1991 to 1999.
http://wn.com/Boris_Yeltsin -
Curzio Malaparte
Curzio Malaparte (9 June 1898 – 19 July 1957), born Kurt Erich Suckert, was an Italian journalist, dramatist, short-story writer, novelist and diplomat. His chosen surname, which he used since 1925, means "he of the bad place" and is a pun on the word "Bonaparte".
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Dési Bouterse
Desiré Delano "Dési" Bouterse () (born 13 October 1945) is the 9th and current President of Suriname.
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Edward Luttwak
Edward Nicolae Luttwak (born 1942) is an American military strategist and historian who has published works on military strategy, history and international relations.
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Frank Bainimarama
Commodore Josaia Voreqe Bainimarama, CF, MSD, OStJ, Fijian Navy, known commonly as Frank Bainimarama and sometimes by the chiefly title RatuHerald on Sunday, Phil Taylor, Peaceful island village belies turmoil of national politics, 2006-12-10, page 20 (interview with Bainimarama's brother). (born 27 April 1954), is a Fijian naval officer and politician. He is the Commander of the Fijian Military Forces and, as of 5 January 2007, Interim Prime Minister. While serving as Prime Minister, he has also temporarily held various ministerial portfolios: Information, Home Affairs, Immigration, Public Service, Indigenous and Multi-Ethnic Affairs, Finance, and Foreign Affairs.
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François Bozizé
François Bozizé Yangouvonda (born October 14, 1946) is the President of the Central African Republic. He came to power in March 2003 after leading a rebellion against President Ange-Félix Patassé and ushered in a transitional period of government. He won the country's 2005 presidential election; he received the most votes in the first round in March 2005, but less than a majority, requiring a runoff election, which he won in May 2005.
http://wn.com/François_Bozizé -
Gyanendra of Nepal
Gyanendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev (; Jñānendra Vīra Bikrama Śāh) (born 7 July 1947) reigned as the final monarch of the Kingdom of Nepal. During his life, he has held the title of the King twice: first between 1950 and 1951 as a child when his grandfather Tribhuvan was forced into exile with the rest of his family in India; and from 2001 to 2008, following the Nepalese royal massacre.
http://wn.com/Gyanendra_of_Nepal -
Idriss Déby
General Idriss Déby Itno (إدريس ديبي) (born 1952) is the President of Chad and the head of the Patriotic Salvation Movement. Déby is of the Bidayat clan of the Zaghawa ethnic group. He added "Itno" to his surname in January 2006.
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Louis XIII
http://wn.com/Louis_XIII -
Muammar al-Gaddafi
Muammar Abu Minyar al-Gaddafi1 ( '; also known simply as Colonel Gaddafi'''; born 7 June 1942) has been the de facto leader of Libya since a coup in 1969.
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Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (Punjabi, ; 12 August 1924 – 17 August 1988) was the sixth President of Pakistan from July 1977 to his death in August 1988. Distinguished by his role in the Black September in Jordan military operation in 1970, he was appointed Chief of Army Staff in 1976. After widespread civil disorder, he overthrew ruling Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto in a bloodless coup d'état on 5 July 1977 and became the state's third ruler to impose martial law. He initially ruled as Chief Martial Law Administrator, but later installed himself as the President of Pakistan in September 1978.
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Napoleon Bonaparte
http://wn.com/Napoleon_Bonaparte -
Napoleon III
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (20 April 1808 9 January 1873) was the President of the French Second Republic and as Napoleon III, the ruler of the Second French Empire. He was the nephew and heir of Napoleon I, christened as Charles Louis Napoléon Bonaparte. Elected President by popular vote in 1848, he initiated a coup d'état in 1851, becoming dictator before ascending the throne as Napoleon III on 2 December 1852, the forty-eighth anniversary of Napoleon I's coronation. He ruled as Emperor of the French until 4 September 1870. He holds the unusual distinction of being both the first titular president and the last monarch of France.
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Nawaz Sharif
Mian Mohammad Nawaz Sharif, (Punjabi, lang-ur|) (born 25 December 1949 in Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan) is a Pakistani businessman and one of Pakistan's richest with an estimated net worth of $1.4 billion. He was twice elected as the 12th Prime Minister of Pakistan, serving two non-consecutive terms, the first from 1 November 1990 to 18 July 1993 and the second from 17 February 1997 to 12 October 1999. His party is the Pakistan Muslim League (N) (Nawaz group). He is best known internationally for ordering Pakistan's 1998 nuclear tests in response to India’s nuclear tests, and the abrupt end of his final term in a dramatic standoff.
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Pervez Musharraf
General (ret) Pervez Musharraf (lang-ur|) (born 11 August 1943), NI(M), Tamgha-e-Basalat award, is a Pakistani politician and military figure who served as the tenth President of Pakistan (2001–2008) and the Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army (1998–2007).
http://wn.com/Pervez_Musharraf -
Qaboos of Oman
http://wn.com/Qaboos_of_Oman -
Samuel P. Huntington
Samuel Phillips Huntington (April 18, 1927 – December 24, 2008) was an American political scientist who gained wider prominence through his Clash of Civilizations (1993, 1996) thesis of a post-Cold War new world order.
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Sonthi Boonyaratglin
General (Ret.) Sonthi Boonyaratglin (, ) (b. 2 October 1946) is former Commander-in-Chief of the Royal Thai Army and former head of the Council for National Security, the military junta that ruled the kingdom. He is the first Muslim in charge of the mostly Buddhist army.. On 19 September 2006, he became the de facto head of government of Thailand after overthrowing the elected government in a coup d'état. After retiring from the Army in 2007, he became Deputy Prime Minister, in charge of national security.
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Wolfgang Kapp
Wolfgang Kapp (24 July 1858 – 12 June 1922) was a Prussian civil servant and journalist. He was a strict nationalist, and a nominal leader of the so-called Kapp Putsch.
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Yahya Jammeh
Yahya Abdul-Azziz Jemus Junkung Diliu Jammeh (Mandinka: يحيا آبدل-آزٌيز جمس خنكنغ ديلليو جمح; born May 25, 1965) is the President of The Gambia. As chairman of the Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council, he took control of the country in a bloodless military coup in July 1994, and was elected as president two years later, in September 1996.
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Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Urdu: lang|ur|, , ) (January 5, 1928 – April 4, 1979) was a Pakistani politician who served as the fourth President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973 and as the ninth Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977. He was the founder of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP), the largest and most influential political party in Pakistan. His daughter Benazir Bhutto also served twice as prime minister. She was assassinated on December 27, 2007.
http://wn.com/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto
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Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic (, ), is the second largest country in South America, constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires. It is the eighth-largest country in the world by land area and the largest among Spanish-speaking nations, though Mexico, Colombia and Spain are more populous.
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The Beer Hall Putsch (also known as the Munich Putsch, but in German referred to as the Hitlerputsch or the Hitler-Ludendorff-Putsch) was a failed attempt at revolution that occurred between the evening of 8 November and the early afternoon of 9 November 1923, when Nazi Party leader Adolf Hitler, Generalquartiermeister Erich Ludendorff, and other heads of the Kampfbund unsuccessfully tried to seize power in Munich, Bavaria, and Germany. Putsch is the German word for a military coup d'état.
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Liberia , officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the west coast of Africa, bordered by Sierra Leone, Guinea, Côte d'Ivoire, and the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2008 Census, the nation is home to 3,476,608 people and covers .
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Mauritania ( Mūrītāniyā; ; Soninke: Murutaane; Pulaar: Moritani; ), officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a country in North Africa. It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean in the west, by Western Sahara in the north, by Algeria in the northeast, by Mali in the east and southeast, and by Senegal in the southwest. It is named after the Roman province of Mauretania, even though the modern state covers a territory far to the southwest of the old province. The capital and largest city is Nouakchott, located on the Atlantic coast.
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{{Infobox country
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The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (), commonly known as Saudi Arabia, occasionally spelled '''Sa'udi Arabia''', is the largest Arab country of the Middle East. It is bordered by Jordan and Iraq on the north and northeast, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates on the east, Oman on the southeast, and Yemen on the south. The Persian Gulf lies to the northeast and the Red Sea to its west. It has an estimated population of 28 million, and its size is approximately . The kingdom is sometimes called "The Land of the Two Holy Mosques" in reference to Mecca and Medina, the two holiest places in Islam. The two mosques are Masjid al-Haram (in Mecca) and Masjid Al-Nabawi (in Medina). The current kingdom was founded by Abdul-Aziz bin Saud, whose efforts began in 1902 when he captured the Al-Saud’s ancestral home of Riyadh, and culminated in 1932 with the proclamation and recognition of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, though its national origins go back as far as 1744 with the establishment of the First Saudi State. Saudi Arabia's government takes the form of an Islamic absolute monarchy. Human rights groups such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch have repeatedly expressed concern about the state of human rights in Saudi Arabia.
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Thailand ( or ; Ratcha Anachak Thai, ), formerly Siam (, ), is an independent country that lies in the heart of Southeast Asia. It is bordered to the north by Burma and Laos, to the east by Laos and Cambodia, to the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and to the west by the Andaman Sea and the southern extremity of Burma. Its maritime boundaries include Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand to the southeast and Indonesia and India in the Andaman Sea to the southwest.
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Turkey (), known officially as the Republic of Turkey (), is a Eurasian country that stretches across the Anatolian peninsula in western Asia and Thrace in the Balkan region of southeastern Europe. Turkey is one of the six independent Turkic states. Turkey is bordered by eight countries: Bulgaria to the northwest; Greece to the west; Georgia to the northeast; Armenia, Azerbaijan (the exclave of Nakhchivan) and Iran to the east; and Iraq and Syria to the southeast. The Mediterranean Sea and Cyprus are to the south; the Aegean Sea to the west; and the Black Sea is to the north. The Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles (which together form the Turkish Straits) demarcate the boundary between Eastern Thrace and Anatolia; they also separate Europe and Asia.
http://wn.com/Turkey
- Adam Roberts
- Adolf Hitler
- Alberto Fujimori
- Andry Rajoelina
- Argentina
- Assassination
- August Putsch
- Beer Hall Putsch
- Blaise Compaoré
- bloodless coup
- Boris Yeltsin
- Caesar's civil war
- Carnation Revolution
- Chilean coup of 1973
- civil disorder
- civil resistance
- civil war
- committee
- Coup de main
- Curzio Malaparte
- Dictatorship
- Dési Bouterse
- Edward Luttwak
- Emir of Qatar
- Frank Bainimarama
- François Bozizé
- government
- Gyanendra of Nepal
- Helvetism
- Idriss Déby
- infrastructure
- Kapp Putsch
- Kleptocracy
- Kornilov affair
- Liberia
- Louis XIII
- martial law
- Mauritania
- military
- Military junta
- Monarchs
- Muammar al-Gaddafi
- Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
- musical chairs
- mutiny
- Napoleon Bonaparte
- Napoleon III
- Nawaz Sharif
- Nazi Party
- Nepal
- Oxford Dictionary
- Pakistan
- Pervez Musharraf
- Political corruption
- Political warfare
- Qaboos of Oman
- Roman Republic
- Samuel P. Huntington
- Saudi Arabia
- self-coup
- Sonthi Boonyaratglin
- Sultan of Oman
- Thailand
- Turkey
- usurper
- Viking Press
- Wolfgang Kapp
- Xinhai Revolution
- Yahya Jammeh
- Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
- Züriputsch
The Coup
Releases by year: 2006 2002 2001 1998 1994 1993
Album releases
Pick a Bigger Weapon (Released 2006)
- Bullets & Love (Introduction)
- We Are the Ones
- Laugh/Love/Fuck
- My Favorite Mutiny (feat. Black Thought & Talib Kweli)
- ijustwannalayaroundalldayinbedwithyou
- Head (Of State)
- ShoYoAss
- Yes 'em to Death
- Ass-Breath Killers
- Get That Monkey Off Your Back
- MindFuck (A New Equation)
- Two Enthusiastic Thumbs Down
- I Love Boosters!
- Tiffany Hall
- BabyLet'sHaveABabyBeforeBushDoSomethin'Crazy (feat. Silk E)
- Captain Sterling's Little Problem
- The Stand
Steal This Double Album (Released 2002)
- The Shipment
- Me and Jesus the Pimp in a '79 Granada Last Night
- 20,000 Gun Salute
- Busterismology
- Cars & Shoes
- Breathing Apparatus
- U.C.P.A.S. (feat. F.T.S.)
- Pizza Man
- The Repo Man Sings for You (feat. Del tha Funkee Homosapien)
- Underdogs
- Sneakin' In
- Do My Thang
- Piss on Your Grave
- Fixation
- What the Po-Pos Hate
- Swervin
Party Music (Released 2001)
- Everythang
- 5 Million Ways to Kill a C.E.O.
- Wear Clean Draws
- Ghetto Manifesto
- Get Up (feat. dead prez)
- Tight
- Ride the Fence
- Nowalaters
- Pork and Beef
- Heven Tonite
- Thought About It 2
- Lazymuthafucka
Steal This Album (Released 1998)
- The Shipment
- Me and Jesus the Pimp in a '79 Granada Last Night
- 20,000 Gun Salute
- Busterismology
- Cars & Shoes
- Breathing Apparatus
- U.C.P.A.S. (feat. F.T.S.)
- The Repo Man Sings for You (feat. Del tha Funkee Homosapien)
- Underdogs
- Sneakin' In
- Do My Thang (skit)
- Piss on Your Grave
- Fixation
- Pizza Man (skit)
Genocide & Juice (Released 1994)
- Intro (G-Nut Talks Shit From the Gut)
- Fat Cats, Bigga Fish
- Pimps (Free Stylin' at the Fortune 500 Club)
- Takin' These
- Hip 2 tha Skeme
- Gunsmoke
- This One's A Girl
- The Name Game
- 360 Degrees
- Hard Concrete
- Santa Rita Weekend
- Repo Man
- Interrogation
- Outro
Kill My Landlord (Released 1993)
- Dig It!
- Not Yet Free
- Fuck a Perm
- The Coup
- I Know You
- I Ain't the Nigga
- Last Blunt
- Funk
- Liberation of Lonzo Williams
- Pam's Song
- Fo da Money
- Foul Play
- Kill My Landlord
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:36
- Published: 26 Jan 2009
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: drewgleacher
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:39
- Published: 01 Jun 2006
- Uploaded: 03 Dec 2011
- Author: sirdynozxiv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:36
- Published: 19 Dec 2007
- Uploaded: 01 Dec 2011
- Author: TheChurchOfVinyl
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:02
- Published: 25 Aug 2009
- Uploaded: 01 Dec 2011
- Author: BVMUndergroundHipHop
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:40
- Published: 01 Jun 2006
- Uploaded: 03 Dec 2011
- Author: sirdynozxiv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:29
- Published: 14 Jun 2006
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: sirdynozxiv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:10
- Published: 09 Apr 2009
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: ShamrockHipHop2
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:07
- Published: 16 Jun 2009
- Uploaded: 04 Dec 2011
- Author: LostBoyzVEVO
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:02
- Published: 30 Dec 2010
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: easylyricsorg344
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:06
- Published: 16 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: chronicganja
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:22
- Published: 05 Jul 2008
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: Agenda1988
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 9:58
- Published: 21 Dec 2008
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: ThisWeekInFascism
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 1:50
- Published: 26 May 2007
- Uploaded: 01 Dec 2011
- Author: Laikraadis
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 7:12
- Published: 03 Feb 2008
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: johnniewalker23
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 5:22
- Published: 13 Mar 2007
- Uploaded: 29 Nov 2011
- Author: idiotaxiom
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:47
- Published: 17 Mar 2011
- Uploaded: 02 Dec 2011
- Author: CanUblameMe
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:45
- Published: 11 Feb 2007
- Uploaded: 27 Nov 2011
- Author: sirdynozxiv
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 4:05
- Published: 25 May 2007
- Uploaded: 30 Nov 2011
- Author: EpitaphRecords
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 3:54
- Published: 18 Apr 2009
- Uploaded: 15 Nov 2011
- Author: Strikinging
- Order: Reorder
- Duration: 6:13
- Published: 10 Sep 2009
- Uploaded: 20 Nov 2011
- Author: johnniewalker23
size: 25.4Kb
size: 1.8Kb
size: 5.3Kb
- 20 July plot
- Adam Roberts
- Adolf Hitler
- Alberto Fujimori
- Andry Rajoelina
- Argentina
- Assassination
- August Putsch
- Beer Hall Putsch
- Blaise Compaoré
- bloodless coup
- Boris Yeltsin
- Caesar's civil war
- Carnation Revolution
- Chilean coup of 1973
- civil disorder
- civil resistance
- civil war
- committee
- Coup de main
- Curzio Malaparte
- Dictatorship
- Dési Bouterse
- Edward Luttwak
- Emir of Qatar
- Frank Bainimarama
- François Bozizé
- government
- Gyanendra of Nepal
- Helvetism
- Idriss Déby
- infrastructure
- Kapp Putsch
- Kleptocracy
- Kornilov affair
- Liberia
- Louis XIII
- martial law
- Mauritania
- military
- Military junta
- Monarchs
- Muammar al-Gaddafi
- Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
- musical chairs
- mutiny
- Napoleon Bonaparte
- Napoleon III
- Nawaz Sharif
- Nazi Party
- Nepal
- Oxford Dictionary
- Pakistan
- Pervez Musharraf
- Political corruption
- Political warfare
- Qaboos of Oman
- Roman Republic
- Samuel P. Huntington
- Saudi Arabia
size: 1.3Kb
size: 9.7Kb
size: 4.8Kb
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Typically, a coup d'état uses the extant government's power to assume political control of the country. In Coup d'État: A Practical Handbook, military historian Edward Luttwak says, "A coup consists of the infiltration of a small, but critical, segment of the state apparatus, which is then used to displace the government from its control of the remainder", thus, armed force (either military or paramilitary) is not a defining feature of a coup d'état.
Etymology
Although the coup d'état has featured in politics since antiquity, the phrase is of relatively recent coinage; the Oxford Dictionary identifies it as a French expression meaning a “stroke of State”. In 1646, James Howell used the phrase in the book Louis XIII; the first English usage dates from 1811, referring to Napoleon Bonaparte's deposing the Revolutionary Directory in 1799. Prof. Thomas Childers, of the University of Pennsylvania, indicates that the English language's lacking a word denoting the sudden, violent change of government derives from England's stable political traditions and institutions. French and German history are coloured with such politico-military actions.Since the unsuccessful coups d'état of Wolfgang Kapp in 1920 (the Kapp Putsch), the Swiss German word Putsch (pronounced ; coined for the Züriputsch of 1839) also denotes the same politico-military actions: in Metropolitan France, putsch denoted the 1942 and 1961 anti-government attacks in Algiers, and the 1991 August Putsch in the USSR; the German equivalent is Staatsstreich (the German literal translation of coup d'état), yet a putsch is not always a coup d'état, for example, the Beer Hall Putsch was by politicians without military support.
Usage of the phrase
Linguistically, coup d'état denotes a "stroke of state" (French: coup [stroke] d' [of] État [state]). Analogously, the looser, quotidian usage means “gaining advantage on a rival”, (intelligence coup, boardroom coup). Politically, a coup d'état is a usually violent political engineering, which affects who rules in the government, without radical changes in the form of the government, the political system. Tactically, a coup d'état involves control, by an active minority of military usurpers, who block the remaining (non-participant) military's possible defence of the attacked government, by either capturing or expelling the politico-military leaders, and seizing physical control of the country's key government offices, communications media, and infrastructure. It is to be noted that in the latest years there has been a broad use of the phrase in mass media, which may contradict the legal definition of coup d'état.
Pronunciamiento
The Pronunciamiento (Pronouncement) is a Spanish and Latin American type of coup d'état. The coup d'état (called golpe de estado in Spanish) was more common in Spain and South America, while the Pronunciamiento was more common in Central America. The Pronunciamiento is the formal explanation for deposing the regnant government, justifying the installation of the new government that was effected with the golpe de estado. Edward Luttwak explains how a coup d'état and a pronunciamiento are different; in the former, a military faction deposes the civilian government and assumes power, in the latter, the military depose the civil government and install another civil government.
History
Coups d'état are common in Africa; between 1952 and 2000, thirty-three countries experienced 85 such depositions. Western Africa had most of them, 42; most were against civil regimes; 27 were against military regimes; and only in five were the deposed incumbents killed. Moreover, as a change-of-government method, the incidence of the coup d'état has declined worldwide, because usually, the threat of one suffices to effect the change of government; the military do not usually assume power, but install a civil leader acceptable to them. The political advantage is the appearance of legitimacy, examples are the collapse of the French Fourth Republic, and the change of government effected in Mauritania, on 3 August 2005, while the president was in Saudi Arabia.
Types
The political scientist Samuel P. Huntington identifies three classes of coup d'état:A coup d'état is typed according to the military rank of the lead usurper.
The self-coup denotes an incumbent government — aided and abetted by the military — assuming extra-constitutional powers. A historical example is President, then Emperor, Louis Napoléon Bonaparte. Modern examples include Alberto Fujimori, in Peru, who, although elected, temporarily suspended the legislature and the judiciary in 1992, becoming an authoritarian ruler, and King Gyanendra's assumption of “emergency powers” in Nepal. Another form of self-coup is when a government, having been defeated in an election, refuses to step down.
Resistance to coups d'état
Many coups d'état, even if initially successful in seizing the main centres of state power, are actively opposed by certain segments of society or by the international community. Opposition can take many different forms, including an attempted counter-coup by sections of the armed forces, international isolation of the new regime, and military intervention.Sometimes opposition takes the form of civil resistance, in which the coup is met with mass demonstrations from the population generally, and disobedience among civil servants and members of the armed forces. Cases in which civil resistance played a significant part in defeating armed coups d'état include: the Kornilov Putsch in Russia in August 1917; the Kapp Putsch in Berlin in March 1920; and the Generals' Revolt in Algiers in April 1961. The coup in the Soviet Union on 19–21 August 1991 is another case in which civil resistance was part of an effective opposition to a coup: Boris Yeltsin, President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, stood on top of a tank in the centre of Moscow and urged people to refuse co-operation with the coup.
Post-military-coup governments
After the coup d'état, the military face the matter of what type of government to establish. In Latin America, it was common for the post-coup government to be led by a junta, a committee of the chiefs of staff of the armed forces. A common form of African post-coup government is the revolutionary assembly, a quasi-legislative body elected by the army. In Pakistan, the military leader typically assumes the title of chief martial law administrator.According to Huntington, most leaders of a coup d'état act under the concept of right orders: they believe that the best resolution of the country's problems is merely to issue correct orders. This view of government underestimates the difficulty of implementing government policy, and the degree of political resistance to certain correct orders. It presupposes that everyone who matters in the country shares a single, common interest, and that the only question is how to pursue that single, common interest.
Current leaders who assumed power via coups d'état
See also
References
Bibliography
External links
Category:Civil–military relations Category:French words and phrases
af:Staatsgreep als:Putsch ar:انقلاب an:Golpe d'estato ast:Golpe d'Estáu be-x-old:Дзяржаўны пераварот bg:Държавен преврат ca:Cop d'estat ceb:Kudeta cs:Puč da:Statskup de:Putsch et:Riigipööre el:Πραξικόπημα es:Golpe de Estado eo:Puĉo eu:Estatu-kolpe fa:کودتا fr:Coup d'État fy:Steatsgreep gl:Golpe de Estado ko:쿠데타 hi:तख्ता पलट hr:Vojni udar io:Stato-stroko id:Kudeta is:Valdarán it:Colpo di Stato he:הפיכה ka:პუტჩი kk:Путч la:Subitanea rerum conversio lv:Valsts apvērsums lb:Putsch hu:Puccs ml:പട്ടാള വിപ്ലവം arz:انقلاب ms:Rampasan kuasa nl:Staatsgreep ja:クーデター no:Statskupp nn:Kuppforsøk nrm:Co d'êtat pl:Zamach stanu pt:Golpe de Estado ro:Lovitură de stat qu:Wamink'a maqay ru:Государственный переворот scn:Botta simple:Coup d'état sk:Štátny prevrat sl:Državni udar so:Afganbi sr:Државни удар sh:Puč fi:Vallankaappaus sv:Statskupp th:รัฐประหาร tr:Askerî darbe uk:Державний переворот vi:Đảo chính yi:איבערקערעניש zh:政變This text is licensed under the Creative Commons CC-BY-SA License. This text was originally published on Wikipedia and was developed by the Wikipedia community.