BLOG:

Warchitecture
By Bruce Sterling June 25, 2007 6:55:29 PM

Volume Issue 11: Cities Unbuilt

Volume is a collaborative project by Archis + AMO + C-Lab
info@archis.org
http://www.volumeproject.org/

Subscriptions/purchase
http://volumeproject.org/

VOLUME 11 Cities Unbuilt. To Beyond or not to be

€ 17.50 / Paperback / 160 pages / ISBN 9789077966112 / text English / May 2007

Archis / AMO / C-LAB

In an age of conflict, civil war and the (re)construction of urban spaces, destruction has become an alternative form of architecture, challenging both the traditional role and place of architecture and various forms of international supervision. Volume examines this new realism through a variety of different studies, including Afghanistan, Iraq, Lebanon and Kosovo. Order this title now!

Destruction is no longer the outcome of blind rage, but increasingly a matter of meticulous calculation. Destruction has become an alternative architecture’ Ole Bouman

‘Cities Unbuilt’ is the first comprehensive research on the architecture of destruction. This issue offers a detailed analysis on spatial and social implications of destruction in various parts of the world and discusses issues around migration and displacement, ‘warchitecture’ and ‘post-warchitecture’, counter-heritage, cultural interventions and post-conflict reconstruction strategies.

While architectural records regularly hit the news with positive developments – even higher towers, smarter technologies, stunning designs, and iconic buildings – the general daily news is negative: man-made destruction caused by conflict and war and natural disasters make up large parts of the news’ content. Remarkably there is no discourse on these subjects within the global professional community of architects, yet there is a strong correlation between destruction – the unbuilding of cities – and the construction of buildings.

In this age of realism destruction marks a dramatic proliferation of the unbuilding of cities worldwide challenging the traditional notion of architecture as the vehicle of hope and progress. Volume explores the less discussed creative sides of destruction, a realm where architecture and design play an important part. Volume shows how they are engaged in destruction, but also what options architecture has to confront these situations. Even in destruction there is hope.

Three Cahiers are central to this issue – Cahier South Caucasus, Cahier Kosovo and Cahier Lebanon – framed by a series of introductory essays by Ole Bouman, Robert Bevan, Ester Charlesworth, Caroline Arnulf, Andrew Herscher and the concluding creative agenda with contributions by Christian Ernsten and Malkit Shoshan, Nick Shepherd and Kai Vöckler amongst others.

Introduction
The Architecture of Destruction (Editorial) – Ole Bouman
Cultural Cleansing – Robert Bevan
Ghost Buildings – Reineke Otten
Architects Should Act! – Esther Charlesworth
To Leave and Let Live. The impact of migration and remittances on war-torn cities – Caroline Arnulf
World Bank Cities – Andrew Herscher
Maps on Reconstruction – F.A.S.T.
Frozen Memories – Gerlinde Schuller

Cahier South Caucasus
Destruction and Displacement
Introduction: Design for Displacement
Humancon Undercon – Sophia Tabatadze
Dynamics of the South Caucasus Borders – F.A.S.T.
Barda’s Boundaries. Temporary homes and the politics of displacement –Malkit Shoshan, Christian Ernsten
Extreme Makeover. The reconstruction of post-Soviet Karabakh – Malkit Shoshan, Christian Ernsten
Photos Dirk-Jan Visser

Cahier Kosovo
Destruction and Illegal Building
Introduction: Kosovo Constructions
Warchitecture/Post-Warchitecture – Andrew Herscher
Invisible Architects – Florina Jerliu
Archis Interventions in Prishtina – Kai Vöckler c.s. also check the Unbuilt Prishtina blog

Cahier Lebanon
Destruction and Exclusion
Introduction: All Exclusive
City Blogging
Solidere and the Perpetual Reinvention of Downtown Beirut – Michael Stanton
Manic Machines – Christiaan Fruneaux
Public Space Invaders – Joost Janmaat
Design With War in Mind
The Architect’s Dilemma
Photos Aukje Dekker
Pearls for Lebanon – Ole Bouman
Noise Magazine – Studio Beirut also check the Unbuilt Lebanon blog

Agenda
Violence, Destruction and International Law. An interview with Andrew Herscher – Christian Ernsten, Malkit Shoshan
Counter Convention – Andrew Herscher
UNESCO World Heritage – F.A.S.T.
Urban Imaginaries andMemories of Violence. Cape Town’s Prestwich Street – Nick Shepherd, Christian Ernsten
Lifta after Zionist Planning – Malkit Shoshan
Stateless Urbanism – Kai Vöckler
Towards Non-Destructive Aid – Niloufar Tajeri
Planning for Uncertain Cities. Towards an urban post-conflict strategy – W. Hackenbroich, T. Fuchs, K. Vöckler
Artists and New Urban Horizons – Chris Keulemans
Architecture Extended to Its Contrary (Photonovela) – Christophe Catsaros
FACTS

editor in chief Ole Bouman
contributing editors Rem Koolhaas, Mark Wigley
managing editor Arjen Oosterman
publisher Archis Foundation
format 20.9x29.5, 160 pages (no ads)

BOOK:

Scientific Book: also about the Caucasus

This is a scientific textbook and reference volume on the human dimension of mountain development and on the science of mountain ecosystem, resources and development. It contains 19 full-length chapters in three sections.

Link: Mountains of the World: A Global Priority Von Jack D. Ives, Bruno Messerli

VORTRAG:

Xenophobie und Ausländerfeindlichkeit auch gegen Kaukasier in Russland

Link: Vortrag "Faschismus und Ultrakonservatismus im heutigen Russland"


Faschismus und Ultrakonservatismus imheutigen Russland: Definition und Interpretation

Vortrag von Dr. Andreas Umland

Termin: Dienstag, 26. Juni 2007, 12:00-13:30 Uhr
Ort: Interimsgebäude der Universität Leipzig in der Dresdner Bank, Dittrichring 5-7, EG, Raum 13

Seit Beginn der 90er Jahre haben fremdenfeindliche, rassistische undantisemitische Gewalttaten in Russland stark zugenommen. Heute schätzt man allein die Skinhead-Szene auf rund 50.000 Personen, hinzukommen Zehntausende Anhänger höchst unterschiedlicher rechtsextremer Gruppierungen und Organisationen. Übergriffe aufAngehörige nationaler Minderheiten, vor allem aus dem Kaukasus undZentralasien, sowie Attacken gegen Juden, Homosexuelle und andere Bevölkerungsgruppen bis hin zu Morden gehören in einer Reihe russischer Städte inzwischen zum Alltag. Allein im Jahr 2005 wurden in Russland 40 fremdenfeindlich motivierte Morde gezählt. Die Politikunter Präsident Putin übt an solchen Erscheinungen zwar öffentlich Kritik, neigt insgesamt aber dazu, die Problematik zu unterschätzen bzw. zu verharmlosen.
Dr. Andreas Umland ist Lektor am Institut für Internationale Beziehungen der Nationalen Taras-Schew tschenko-Universität Kiew,Ukraine. Er promovierte an der Freien Universität Berlin zum Aufstieg Vladimir Zirinovskijs in der russischen Politik 1990-1993 und ist seit Sommer 2004 Herausgeber der Buchreihe „Soviet and Post-SovietPolitics & Society" des ibidem-Verlags Stuttgart(http://www.ibidem-verlag.de/spps.html).
In seinem anschaulichen Vortrag präsentiert Herr Umland exklusive und hoch brisante Bilder zu seinem Thema und geht auf die Frage ein, wie auf der förderalen Ebene der politische Wettbewerb im Russland Putins zwischen verschiedenen Ausprägungen von gemäßigtem Nationalismusund von Ultranationalismus stattfindet.

Kontakt:Kompetenzzentrum Mittel- und Osteuropa Leipzig (KOMOEL)
Steffi Nickel
Tel.: 0341 /973 78 65
Mail: snickel@uni-leipzig.de

CULTURE:

Letters home from Georgia. Winter 2006
By Prof. Kevin Tuite (Montreal)

NOUVEAU! NEW! Pictures from winter 2006 fieldwork in Georgia.

More from the website by Kevin Tuite - départment d'anthropologie - Université dé Montréal:
* Accueil/Home Kevin Tuite
* Accueil/Home Caucase
* Audio & Video
* Bibliographies
* Cartes/Maps
* Diaporamas/Slideshows
* Documentation
* Images
* Liens/Links
* Littérature
* Textes

MUSIC:


GEORGIAN COMPOSER: FELIX GLONTI (ფელიქს ღლონტი)
By Prof. Kevin Tuite (Montreal)
excellent source: http://www.mapageweb.umontreal.ca/tuitekj/index.html

Now nearly eighty years old, the composer Felix (Philip) Glonti has produced a body of work of astonishing quality and variety, most of which, regrettably, remains unrecorded or even unperformed. In the winter of 2006, during my stay in Tbilisi, I had the privilege of meeting this remarkable individual and hearing his music for the first time. A sort of Georgian Carl Ruggles, Glonti's sharp tongue and visceral incapability of tolerating fools and opportunists has kept him on the margins of the Georgian musical establishment. Like his opinions, Glonti's music is not for timid ears: It is vigorous, sometimes harsh, yet always melodic and informed by a deep familiarity with the spectrum of orchestral colors.
Before I left Georgia, Prof. Glonti gave me recordings of some of his compositions, issued by the Soviet recording company Melodiya, and now nearly impossible to find. Excerpts from these recordings, converted to MP3 format, can be downloaded from this web page. I invite visitors to this site to consult the list of compositions given below, download those which are higlighted in blue, and listen to them with an open mind. That is all that the composer asks: to be listened to.
Kevin Tuite

LIST OF PRINCIPAL COMPOSITIONS BY FELIX GLONTI
I. BALLET AND OPERAS.
Dawn (1967), ballet in 2 acts, premiered 29.10.1967 at the Tbilisi Philharmonia under the direction of V. Chabukiani
The Iberians (1970), opera in 4 acts, libretto by G. Leonidze (not yet performed)
Cleopatra (1976), opera in 4 acts, libretto by the composer after Shakespeare's play (not yet performed)

II. WORKS FOR SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA.
Piano concerto (1954)
Bedi Kartlisa ("The Fate of Georgia", 1957), symphonic poem
Symphony #1 (1961)
Symphony #2 (1966)
Symphony #3 (1969)
Symphony #4 (1971)
Symphony #5 (1974)
Romantic Symphony (revision of Symphony #1, 1974). Grand orchestre symphonique de la RTB; Constantin Ivanow, conductor — 1st movt; 2nd movt; 3rd movt ; 4th movt
Concerto for harp and orchestra (1975)
Symphonic meditations on a theme by Francesco Petrarca, for cello and orchestra (1977). Medea Abramyan, violoncello; Imant Resnis, conductor
Symphony #6 (Vita nova, 1974), words by Dante. Angelina Volak, mezzo-soprano; Jansug Kakhidze, conductor [excerpt]
Galaktion (Heroic oratorio in 6 parts, 1980), words by Galaktion Tabidze
Symphony #7 (Fiat lux, 1981)
Symphony #8 (Symphonic groups, their invariants and representations, 1982)
Symphony #9 for electric piano and orchestra (1983)
Symphony #10 (1984)
Symphonia concertante for violin and orchestra (1986)
Symphony #11 (Mundus apertus, 1987)
Symphony #12 for choir, soprano and baritone soloists and orchestra, based on poems by King Davit Aghmashenebeli (Symphony-liturgy, 1989)
Wanderjahre for piano and orchestra (1990). Svetlana Navasardyan, piano; Imant Resnis, conductor [excerpt].
Marienbadische Elegie for cello and orchestra (1990). Maris Villerus, violoncello; Vasili Sinaiski, conductor [excerpt].

III. CHAMBER COMPOSITIONS
String quartet #1 (1953)
Two Romances for voice and piano, words by Ilia Chavchavadze and Nikoloz Baratashvili (1959)
String quartet #2 (1965)
Ten Choreographic Engravings for piano (1967)
Music for String Instruments (1987)

IV. FILM SCORES
Alaverdoba (1962) dir. Giorgi Shengelaia
Tetri kalishvili (White Girl, 1962) dir. Leila Gordeladze
Burti da moedani (Ball and Field, 1961) dir. Guguli Mgeladze
Jildo (Prize, 1965) dir. Giorgi Shengelaia
Me vkhedav mzes (I See the Sun, 1965) dir. Lana Ghoghoberidze

RETURN TO PHILOLOGIE.COM MAIN PAGE

BOOK:

The Caucasus and its Flowers
by Vojtech Holubec and Pavel Krivka

390pp. Colour photographs throughout. A lavishly produced new work on the rich flora and vegetation of the Caucasus mountains, 'the majestic rampart between Europe and Asia, between the Black and Caspian Seas'. Discussion of habitats and plant communities is followed by detailed descriptions and fine photographs of more than 500 Caucasus alpines. The first illustrated work in English on this superb mountain flora.



ISBN 8090254136
Publisher: Prague
Published Date: 2006
Price: £50.00

Source: www.summerfieldbooks.com


Yesterday on H. H. Buhrs Weblog: http://kaukasus.blogspot.com
A list of plants found at Botanical Excursions in Georgia
by Dr. Helga Dietrich, Dr. Hans Jürgen Buhr and Gregori Deisadze Link

Flora of the Caucasus Region
The New York Botanical Garden in collaboration with the Institute of Botany of the Georgian Academy of Sciences is working on a project to document the flora of the Republic of Georgia and strengthen the capacity for botanical science in this floristicall

More pictures:
Plants Georgia Caucasus (Set)
Plants Georgia Caucasus (Pool)

CULTUTRE:

Link: The City of Grozny

View as HTML Ingushetia was historically more connected with the city of Vladikavkaz ... Baku) and the industrial development of the Grozny oil field www.latautonomy.org/Grozny.pdf

BUCH:

Anna Politowskaja. Chronik eines angekündigten Mordes (Broschiert) von Norbert Schreiber (Autor)

Preis:
EUR 19,80 Kostenlose Lieferung. Siehe Details.
Verfügbarkeit: Auf Lager. Verkauf und Versand durch Amazon.de.
Nur noch 3 Stück verfügbar -- jetzt bestellen (Warenneulieferung in Kürze).

Die Ermordung Anna Politkowskajas am 7. Oktober 2006 erregte nicht nur in unseren Medien, sondern auch in weiten Kreisen der westlichen Bevölkerung großes Aufsehen. So deutlich wie nie zuvor wurde den Menschen mit dem gewaltsamen Tod der russischen Journalistin klar, wie weit das vom Kommunismus befreite Russland unter seinem Präsidenten Wladimir Putin von dem entfernt ist, was man im Westen unter der Einhaltung von Menschenrechten, Meinungs- und Pressefreiheit versteht.

Quelle: http://www.3sat.de/bookmark/bt/105744/index.html

Mehr: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Stepanowna_Politkowskaja

CULTURE:


Le Cinéma georgien: Centre Georges Pompidou (Cinéma/pluriel) (Unknown Binding)

Editorial Reviews
Language NotesText: French

Product Details
Unknown Binding: 191 pages
Publisher: Editions du Centre Georges Pompidou (1988)
Language: French
ISBN-10: 2858504768
ISBN-13: 978-2858504763

WISSENSCHAFT:

Vortrag von Paata Sheshelidze

After the Rose Revolution - Economic Successes, Problems and
Opportunities in Modern Georgia

Paata Sheshelidze
President, New Economic School - Georgia

Einführung
Dr. Christian Taaks
Referatsleiter Mittel-, Südost und Osteuropa der
Friedrich-Naumann-Stiftung für die Freiheit

Moderation
Sascha Tamm
Institut für Unternehmerische Freiheit
Donnerstag, 14. Juni 2007, 19.00 Uhr
Institut für Unternehmerische Freiheit IUF
Hackesche Höfe, 2. Hof, Eingang links, 3. Etage
Rosenthaler Str. 40/41, 10178 Berlin

U.A.w.g. bis 12. Juni mit Brief, Fax oder Mail

Im Herbst 2003 stand ein kleines Land im Kaukasus im Blickpunkt der Weltöffentlichkeit. Die „Rosen-Revolution" veränderte die politischen Verhältnisse in Georgien grundlegend. Der neue Präsident Micheil Saakaschwili war nicht nur für die Georgier, sondern für Menschen in der ganzen Region ein Symbol für den Aufbruch zu Demokratie, Marktwirtschaft und Wohlstand, für den Abschied von Clanwirtschaft und gesellschaftlichem Stillstand.
Was ist aus den Verheißungen des Jahres 2003 geworden? Wie steht es um die georgische Demokratie, wie sind die wirtschaftlichen Aussichten? Diese Fragen möchten wir mit Ihnen und unserem Gast aus Georgien, Paata Sheshelidze, diskutieren.
Paate Sheshelidze war einer der ersten Ökonomen, die sich noch zu Zeiten der Sowjetunion an der Universität Tbilisi mit marktwirtschaftlichen Ideen befasst haben. Heute ist er Präsident der von ihm gemeinsam mit einigen Mitstreitern gegründeten New Economic School Georgia, die sich konsequent für radikale ökonomische Reformen einsetzt und die Tätigkeit der georgischen Regierung kritisch und beratend begleitet.

CULTURE:


THE CHECHEN NATION: A PORTRAIT OF ETHNICAL FEATURES (1)
By Lyoma Usmanov Jan, 9, 1999Washington, DC

I. FREEDOM AND THE NATIONAL ANTHEM
The National Anthem of Chechnya by its origin is the literary memorial of the Chechen folklore. It is impossible to determine the precise date of its inception; the text itself can tell us that it probably goes back to ancient times. We certainly can't exclude the fact that its first melodies were sung as early as in the second millennium BC in one of the Hurrian States in the Ancient East Asia.
Anyhow, some of the Chechen mythological topics, came from the ancient history, and in the texts of the Cuneiform characters, we can find the first signs of the writings of the Chechen language. Probably, most parts of the Chechen folklore may have been established in the first millennium BC in the Ancient East Kingdom of Urartu (900-600 BC) or later in the Dzurdzuketia, which was formed in 4th century BC. These facts are referenced in the ancient Chechen manuscripts. Perhaps, it would be more realistic to think that the Chechen National Anthem was born in the middle centuries, when the Chechen people took part in the formation of the Caucasian states, such as the Kingdom of Serir (7th-11th centuries), Alania (8th-10th century), and Simsim (12th-14th century). But it is well known, that with the melody of this Anthem, the Chechen people defended their independence in 13th-14th centuries against the Tartar-Mongol hordes and the army of lame Timur. In the 16th century, they defeated 80,000-man army of Crimea Khan, and in 17th-19th centuries, they restrained the colonial expansion of the Russian Empire in the Caucasus.
The Chechen National Anthem was revived twice from the past history during the 20th century. The first time, it happened in 1917-1919, in the period, when the Chechen people could revive their aspirations for National independence, which had been broken off after the end of the First Russia-Caucasus War. The second revival of the Chechen Anthem began 26 November, 1990, when at the whole-nation congress of the Chechen people once again declared a State sovereignty and took a firm stand in defiance of the State system and the territorial integrity. In the title of the Anthem itself and in its text, one can see the nature of the Chechen people and the sanctity of their national tradition (3), which are united by such words underlined in the text as God, People, Native land, Freedom, Dignity, Honor and Nobility.

Full Text:
THE CHECHEN NATION: A PORTRAIT OF ETHNICAL FEATURES (1)
By Lyoma Usmanov

Source: www.amina.com

Link-Collection: Articles related to Chechnya

KULTUR:

Die Wehrtürme im Kaukasus

Text und zwei sw-Abb.: Axel Kirchner

[...] Die unruhige Geschichte des Kaukasus ist geprägt durch die Einfälle fremder Eroberer und blutigen Kriege der Stämme untereinander. Die harten klimatischen und ökonomischen Bedingungen im Gebirge führten dazu, dass die verschiedenen Sippen und Familien ständig Raubzüge gegeneinander unternahmen um alles das zu erbeuten, was das Überleben des Clans sichern sollte. Diese ständigen Bedrohungen, und das daraus resultierenden Schutzbedürfnis führten im Norden des Kaukasus zu einer besonderen Art der Wehrarchitektur. Von Swanetien im Westen über Ossetien bis nach Tschetschenien im Osten zieht sich eine Kette von Wehrtürmen. Die Türme in den einzelnen Regionen unterscheiden sich in ihrem Äußeren, doch war überall ihre Funktion dieselbe. Sie dienten lange Jahre hindurch gleichzeitig als Wach-, Wehr- und Wohnturm. [...]

Der ganze Text: Am Wall 55/2006

Die Wehrtürme Tschetscheniens werden auch öfter in der Literatur als „Vainakh-Türme" bezeichnet. In der tschetschenischen Sprache werden Wehrtürme „Bou" bzw „Bau" genannt.

Quelle: http://www.interfest.de/html/body_am_wall_55.html

WISSENSCHAFT:

Max-Planck-Institut für ethnologische Forschung
Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology
Workshop in Anthropology and Cultural History
"Caucasus Paradigms"
16-17 March 2006
Speakers and Abstracts

LEVON ABRAHAMIAN (Head of Department of Contemporary Anthropological Studies, Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Armenian Academy of Sciences) has written widely on Armenian traditional and contemporary culture, comparative mythology, and political anthropology. He has held teaching positions at Yerevan State University, the University of Pittsburgh, Columbia University, and the University of California, Berkeley. Among his most recent works are Conversations Near a Tree [Besedy u dereva] (Moscow, 2005); and Armenian Folk Arts, Culture, and Identity [co-edited with Nancy Sweezy] (Indiana, 2001). Abstract: Dancing Around the Mountain: Armenian identity through rites of solidarity
EVA-MARIA AUCH (PD East European History, University of Bonn) has studied history, Oriental studies, Russian, Arabic, and educational sciences at the universities of Baku, Leipzig, Greifswald, and St. Petersburg; and has taught at the universities of Greifswald, Bonn, Basel, Muen-ster, Hamburg, Baku, and Tashkent. She has held many scholarships and carried out research in Eastern Europe and the South Caucasus, focusing on colonialism; nationalism; the development of Islam in the Caucasus and Central Asia; modernization movements in the Middle East, the Russian empire, and the former Soviet Union; elites; and environmental protection. Her works on the Caucasus include, Öl und Wein am Kaukasus. Deutsche Forscher, Kolonisten und Unternehmer im vorrevolutionären Aserbaidschan [Oil and wine in the Caucasus: German re, colonists, and entrepreneurs in prerevolutionary Azerbaijan] (Reichert 2001); and Muslim – Untertan - Bürger. Identitätswandel in gesellschaftlichen Transformationsprozessen der muslimischen Ostprovinzen Südkaukasiens (Ende 18. – Anfang 20. Jh.). Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Nationalismusforschung [Muslim – Subject – Citizen. Identity shifts through social transformations among Muslims of the eastern provinces of the South Caucasus (from the end of the 18th until the beginning of the 20th centuries): A contribution to comparative studies of nationalism] (Reichert 2004). She is also co-editor of the book series, Kaukasische Studien [Caucasus Studies] (Reichert-Verlag). (Web: http://www.graphic-bridge.de/eurokaukasia/www/ansprechpartner/index.htm). Abstract: On Death in Postsocialist Societies: coping with dying in the Caucasus
GEORGI DERLUGUIAN (Associate Professor of Sociology, Northwestern University) holds a doctoral degree in Modern African History from Moscow State University, and a Ph.D. in Sociology from SUNY-Binghamton. Having once served as an advisor to Gosplan in Mozambique, he went on to hold fellowships at Cornell, the University of Michigan, and the US Institute of Peace; as well as grants from the SSRC, NCEEER, the Soros Foundation, and IREX. In 2001 he was named a Carnegie Scholar of Vision. (Web: http://www.cas.northwestern.edu/sociology/fac-ulty/derlug.html). Among his recent writings on the Caucasus are Bourdieu’s Secret Admirer in the Caucasus: A World-System Biography (Chicago, 2005); and "How Soviet Bureaucracy Produced Nationalism, and What Came of It in Azerbaijan," in Colin Leys and Leo Panitch, eds., Fighting Identities (Merlin, 2002), 93-113. Dr. Derluguian also writes commentaries for leading Russian newspapers such as Izvestiia, Vremia novostei, and Ekspert weekly magazine. Abstract: The Codes of Dissertation Titles: towards a taxonomy of Homo Academicus Sovieticus (Caucasiensis)
BRUCE GRANT (Associate Professor of Anthropology, New York University) received his Ph.D. from Rice University and began work in the former Soviet Union as a scholar of indigenous cultural politics in the Russian Far East, as well as Moscow monuments, and Soviet cinema. He has held grants from the NSF, NEH, SSRC, and recently, NCEEER for new fieldwork in Azerbaijan. (Web: http://www.nyu.edu/gsas/dept/anthro/faculty/grant.html ). His work on the Caucasus includes, "The Good Russian Prisoner: Naturalizing Violence in the Caucasus Mountains," Cultural Anthropology 20, no. 1 (2005): 39-67; and "An Average Azeri Village (1930)," Slavic Re-view 63, no. 4 (2004): 705-731. Abstract: Cultural Histories of Kidnapping in the Caucasus
ERIN KOCH (Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Middlebury College) received her Ph.D. from the New School for Social Research. She is the recipient of grants from the SSRC, the NSF, and most recently a postdoctoral fellowship from the Harriman Institute of Columbia University. Her work in medical anthropology addresses public health and prison populations in both the United States and the former Soviet Union, and she is currently at work on a book manuscript entitled, Governing Tuberculosis: Competing Cultures of Disease and Medicine in Postsocialist Georgia. Her recent publications on the Caucasus include, "Beyond Suspicion: Evidence, (Un-) Certainty, and Tuberculosis in Georgian Prisons," in press at American Ethnologist. Abstract: Market-Based Medicine in Georgia: "optimization" and health reforms
PAUL MANNING (Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Trent University) received his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, based on extensive ethno-linguistic research in both Wales and the former Soviet republic of Georgia. He has received grants from the Spencer Foundation and NCEEER, and currently serves on the editorial boards of the journals, Language and Communication, Amirani, and Enis Saxli. His recent work on the Caucasus includes, "Disciplines and Nations: Niko Marr vs. his Georgian Students" [with Marcello Cherchi], Carl Beck Papers (2002); and "Describing Dialect and Defining Civilization in an Early Georgian Nationalist Manifesto: Ilia Chavchavadze’s ‘Letters of a Traveler," Russian Review 63, no. 1 (2004): 26-47. (Web: http://www.trentu.ca/anthropology/pmanning.html). Abstract: Mountaineer Romances: Georgian intelligentsia and Georgian landscape
SHAHIN MUSTAFAYEV (Deputy Director, Institute of Oriental Studies, Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences) holds a Candidate’s Degree from the Institute of Oriental Studies, Moscow, and has received grants from the Soros Foundation, the Open Society Institute, and, for 2005-2006, at Indiana University through the offices of Fulbright. His work on the Caucasus includes, "The Diaries of Yusif Vezir Chemenzeminli: An Azerbaijani Intellectual in the Process of Accultura-tion," in Beate Eschment and Hans Harder, eds., Looking at the Colonizer: Cross-Cultural Perceptions in Central Asia and the Caucasus, Bengal, and Related Areas (Ergon 2004), 31-45; and "The Interaction of Religious Traditions of Central Asia, Anatolia, and Azerbaijan," in Pro-ceedings of the UNESCO Forum ‘Culture and Religion in Central Asia’ (Bishkek 2001), 114-121. Abstract: The History of Sovereignty in Azerbaijan
MATHIJS PELKMANS (Research Fellow, Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology) has received his Ph.D. from the University of Amsterdam. Over the past ten years he has carried out extensive fieldwork in Georgia and Kyrgyzstan. He is the author of Defending the Border: Religion, Politics, and Modernity in the Georgian Borderlands (Cornell University Press, forthcoming) and has published on Muslim-Christian relations, territorial borders, and postsocialist change. (Web: http://www.eth.mpg.de/ ). Abstract: Powerful documents: Passports, passages, and dilemmas of identification on the Georgian – Turkish border
ANTON POPOV (Research Fellow, The University of Warwick) received his PhD from the University of Birmingham based on the study of the cultural production of identity among the Greeks in Southern Russia and the North Caucasus. In Russia, he has worked as a researcher at the Centre for Pontic and Caucasian Studies conducting his research on different migrant and ethnic minority communities in Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan and the Black Sea region of Turkey. He received a scholarship from the Ford Foundation and moved to do his PhD in Cultural Studies and Russian and East European Studies in the University of Birmingham. He is now working at the Department of Sociology in the University of Warwick as a manager of the ‘Releasing Indigenous Multiculturalism through Education’ project which has as its foci regions the South Caucasus, the Balkans, Ukraine and Southern Russia. His recent works on the Caucasus includes: ‘Becoming Pontic: "Post-Socialist" Identities, "Transnational" Geography, and the "Native" Land of the Caucasian Greeks’, Ab Imperio, 2: 339-360; and ‘Ethnic Minorities and Migration Processes in the Krasnodar Territory’, Central Asia and the Caucasus, 1(13): 160-175. Abstract: The Internal Others: the Cultural Boundaries of the Pontic Greek Identity in Southern Russia.
SETENEY SHAMI (Director of the Middle East, North Africa, and Eurasia Programs, Social Science Research Council) is an anthropologist from Jordan with a Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley (M.A., Ph.D.). After establishing the first graduate department of anthropology in Jordan at Yarmouk University, she moved in 1996 to the regional office of the Population Council in Cairo as Director of the Middle East Awards in Population and the Social Sciences. In 1999, she moved to her current position at the SSRC in New York. She has additionally taught at the University of California, Berkeley, Georgetown University, the University of Chicago, Stockholm University, and the Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study. Her recent publications on the Caucasus include, "Prehistories of Globalization: Circassian Identity in Motion," Public Culture 12, no. 1 (2000): 177-204; and "Engendering Social Memory: Domestic Rituals, Resis-tance and Identity in the North Caucasus," in Feride Acar and Ayse Gunes-Ayata, eds., Gender and Identity Construction: Women of Central Asia, the Caucasus and Turkey (Brill, 2000), 305-331. Abstract: North and South: rethinking margins through Circassian ethnography
NONA SHAHNAZARIAN (Associate Researcher, Center for Pontic and Caucasian Studies; and Lecturer, Kuban’ State University ) received her Candidate’s Degree from the Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, and has conducted fieldwork in Russia, Armenia, Georgia, and Nagorno-Karabagh, through grants from Memorial, the Soros Foundation, and MacArthur. Her recent articles on the Caucasus include, "Our Mountains Shall Feed Us: Structures of Everyday Survival in Post-Soviet Karabagh," Journal of the Society for Armenian Studies (2005); and "The Virtual Widows of Migrant Husbands in War-Torn Mountainous Karabagh," in H. Haukanes and Frances Pine, eds., Women After Communism (Bergen, 2005). Abstract: Fields of Social Networks: informal local economies in Ponto-Caucasian communities
ZAZA SHATIRISHVILI (Associate Professor, Shota Rustaveli Institute of Georgian Literature) holds a Doctoral Degree in Philosophy from Tbilisi State University. He has taught widely in Tbi-lisi, and at the University of California, Berkeley. (Web: http://www.eurozine.com/authors/shati-rishvili.html ). Among his books and articles, his recent writings on the Caucasus include, "Fic-tional Narrative and Allegorical Discourse: The Reception of Rustaveli in 16th-18th Century Geor-gian Culture and King Vakhtang VI’s Commentaries," in Der Kommentar in Antike and Mittelalter (Leiden: Brill, 2004), 179-183; and "Romantic Topography and Dilemmas of Empire" [with Harsha Ram], Russian Review 1 (2004): 1-25. Abstract: "Old" and "New" Georgian National Narratives
LALE YALÇIN-HECKMANN (Head of Research Group, "Caucasian Boundaries and Citizenship from Below," Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology) received her Ph.D. in Social Anthro-pology from the London School of Economics, and has taught at Middle East Technical University, the University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, the University of Bamberg, and the Free University in Berlin. She has held grants from the Turkish Ministry of Education, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Volkswagen Foundation, in support of fieldwork and research among Kurds in Turkey, on land tenure in Azerbaijan, and her extensive public advocacy work for migrants. (Web: http://www.eth.mpg.de/ ). Among her recent publications on the Caucasus are: "Retreat to the Cooperative or the Household? Agricultural Privatisation in Ukraine and Azerbai-jan" [with Deema Kaneff], in The Postsocialist Agrarian Question, compiled by Chris Hann and the Property Relations Group (LIT, 2003), 219-255; and "Zwischen Assimilation und Akkomodation: Zur Geschichte und Gegenwart der Kurden in Aserbaidschan," in S. Conermann and G. Haig, eds., Die Kurden (EB-Verlag, 2004), 151-206. Abstract: Citizenship Regimes and Borders in the Caucasus after Socialism: closures and openings

Source: http://www.eth.mpg.de/events/current/pdf/1141043779-04.pdf (pdf)

CULTURE:

Zaza Shatirishvili
"Shota Rustaveli" Tbilisi Georgian Literature State Institute, Georgia

National narratives and Caucasian identity

When we speak, for example, about European or Western identities, less or more it is clear that in this case we mean a space of shared liberal values, common views on the human rights, more or less homogenised economical or legal space, etc.
From this viewpoint, the Caucasian identity is a concept rather problematic and blurred. There is no common Caucasian legal or economical space and even less there are shared liberal values. If by Caucasian identity we mean a kind of ethnical or linguistic community, then the situation becomes even more complicated. The only shared aspect is the colonial past within the framework of the Russian Empire and the inclusion in the borders of the Soviet Union.
As a social and cultural phenomenon, the Caucasus has a certain historical context. It emerged at the beginning of XIX century as a concept that belongs to the imperial discourse and an addendum of the imperial narrative. It is only in this context that we can speak about a Caucasian identity without controversy. Then, however, it will turn out that, for example, Georgia have not at all identified itself on common Caucasian grounds. On the contrary, in the framework of the Russian Empire, the Georgian public actively opposed the Caucasian mountaineers.
The national identity frames the national narratives. In the Georgian national narratives, the Caucasian entity is either completely lacking or its function is the one of the Antagonist.

Source: Zaza Shatirishvili “Shota Rustaveli” Tbilisi Georgian Literature ...

WISSENSCHAFT:

Veröffentlichung der missionswissenschaftlichen Doktorarbeit von Andreas Baumann
„Johannes Lepsius Missiologie“ (University of South Africa 2006)

Baumann, Andreas Der Orient für Christus

Johannes Lepsius - Biographie und Missiologie

Buchreihe: TVG - Monographien

ca. 578 Seiten, Pb,

Format: 20,8 x 13,8 cm

Erscheinungsdatum: Anfang Juni 2007

ISBN: 3-7655-9546-2, ISBN 13: 978-3-7655-9546-2 EUR 39,95 (D)

Der Theologe Johannes Lepsius (1858-1926) war Pionier der Mission unter Muslimen. Er erhob während des ersten Weltkrieges seine Stimme gegen den Völkermord am armenischen Volk, während andere aus diplomatischen Gründen schwiegen. Seine wohl wichtigste Schrift wurde während des 1. Weltkrieges vom Innenministerium des deutschen Kaiserreichs verboten. Das Buch bietet zum einen die bisher umfangreichste biographische Aufarbeitung des Lebens von Johannes Lepsius. Zum anderen wird ein Gesamtüberblick über seine Missiologie erarbeitet, die eine Fülle von interessanten Impulsen auch für die heutige Diskussion, besonders über die Frage nach dem Verhältnis von Missionsauftrag und gesellschaftlichem Engagement, enthält.

Bestellung möglich über: Andreas Baumann
Nieder-Wöllstädterstr39a
D-61191 Rosbach
amal.baumann@web.de

Fax: 06172 / 8987056

Kostenlose Exemplare für Rezensionen in Zeitschriften etc. sind erhältlich beim: Brunnen-Verlag, Gottlieb-Daimler-Str. 22, 35398 Gießen, Tel.: 0641/6059-0

WISSENSCHAFT:

Tiroler Archäologen graben Licht in die Geschichte

Die Entdeckung einer verloren geglaubten Stadt des alten Orients melden Tiroler, die in Armenien forschen.

Die Tiroler Ausgräber auf der mehr als 2000 Jahre alten Festungsruine. Bild: Pfisterer Forscher des Instituts für Alte Geschichte und Orientalistik der Universität Innsbruck graben seit 2004 in Armenien die Überreste einer befestigten Stadt des Königreichs von Urartu aus, das im 1. Jahrtausend v. Chr. zu den Großmächten des alten Orients zählte. Nun ist es gelungen, die bedeutende Siedlung als die in Inschriften genannte Gebietshauptstadt Darani zu identifizieren, die einst einen wichtigen Vorposten der Urartäer bildete.Laut Grabungsleiter Wilfrid Allinger-Csollich hatte der bisher unerforschte Ruinenhügel beim Dorf Aramus einst mehrere tausend Einwohner und war damit für damalige Verhältnisse eine Großstadt. Die Archäologen hoffen, mit ihrem Projekt Licht in die Geschichte der Urartäer zu bringen, einer nur wenig erforschten Großmacht, die ihr Zentrum in der Osttürkei hatte und als Widersacher des assyrischen Reiches auftrat."Die Festungsanlage war riesig, wir haben gewaltige Mauern aus sorgfältig gefügten Steinblöcken gefunden", erläutert Allinger-Csollich. Außerdem legten die Tiroler Forscher die Steinfundamente von Wohnhäusern frei. Auch bemerkenswerte Kleinfunde erzählen vom bewegten Schicksal der Stadt und ihrer Bewohner. Neben Keramik und Schmuckgegenständen kamen etwa Pfeilspitzen ans Licht, die die Eroberung und Unterwerfung von Darani im 7. Jahrhundert v. Chr. durch das noch junge Perserreich dokumentieren.Allinger-Csollich: "Damals wurde die Stadt niedergebrannt und die Befestigungsmauer zerstört. Die Sieger errichteten dann eine neue Siedlung, die sich bald erholte und neu aufblühte." An den Forschungen in Zusammenarbeit mit der Universität Jerewan sind neben Allinger-Csollich auch die Innsbrucker Althistoriker Peter Haider und Robert Rollinger sowie die Salzburger Armenien-Expertin Jasmine Dum-Tragut führend beteiligt. Im September soll eine weitere Grabungskampagne des auf fünf Jahre angelegten Projektes starten.

Info: www.classicorient.at/aramus.

Von S. Dietrich 10.05.2007

SCIENCE:

Caucasian Cultures

Introduction to Russia and Eurasia by PAUL FRIEDRICH
Part One Cultures of Russia and Eurasia Edited by Paul Friedrich
Associate Editors: Robert Austerlitz (Siberia), Kevin Tuite (Caucasus), Clementine Creuziger (East Slavic Peoples)

Abkhazians by B. GEORGE HEWITT AND ELISA WATSON

Aghuls by KEVIN TUITE

Ajarians by NUGZAR MGELADZE (Translated by Kevin Tuite)

Andis by MAMAYKHAN A. AGLAROV (Translated by Kevin Tuite)

Armenians by STEPHANIE PLATZ

Avars by MAMAYKHAN A. AGLAROV (Translated by Paul Friedrich)

Azerbaijani Turks by AUDREY L. ALTSTADT

Dargins by M. OSMANOV (Translated by Johanna Nichols)

Georgian Jews by ZOIA DZHINDZHIKHASHVILI (Translated by Dale Pesmen)

Georgians by ELISA WATSON

Germans by ALFRED EISFELD

Karachays by NATALIA G. VOLKOVA (Translated by Paul Friedrich and Jane Omrod)

Khevsur by ACHIM SCHYBOLL

Khinalughs by NATALIA G. VOLKOVA (Translated by Kevin Tuite)

Kubachins by MISRIKHAN MAMMAEVICH MAMMAEV AND MAGOMED-ZAGIR OSMANOV (Translated by Paul Friedrich)

Kumyks by SAKINAT SH. GADZHIEVA AND A. M. ADZHIEV (Translated by Paul Friedrich and Johanna Nichols)

Laks by RONALD WIXMAN

Laz by ROBERT H. HEWSEN

Lezgins by RONALD WIXMAN

Meskhetians by EMMA KH. PANESH AND L. B. ERLOMOV (Translated by Kevin Tuite)

Mingrelians by STEPHEN F. JONES

Mountain Jews by M. M. IKHILOV (Translated by Paul Friedrich and David Testen)

Nganasan by GALINA N. GRACHOVA (Translated by Paul Friedrich)

Ossetes by SONJA GIPPERT FRITZ

Svans by KEVIN TUITE

Tabasarans by BARIAT MAGOMEDOVNA ALIMOVA (Translated by Johanna Nichols and Paul Friedrich)

Tats by NATALIA G. VOLKOVA (Translated by David Testen)

Tsakhurs by GALINA SERGEEVA (Translated by Paul Friedrich)

Udis by NATALIA G. VOLKOVA (Translated by Kevin Tuite)

Yezidis by MARCELLO CHERCHI, STEPHANIE PLATZ, AND KEVIN TUITE

Source:

World Culture Encyclopedia

« World Culture Encyclopedia

SCIENCE:

Chechen-Ingush
Religion and Expressive Culture

ETHNONYMS: Chechen: Nokhchiy (sing., Nokhchuo); Ingush: Ghalghay

by JOHANNA NICHOLS

Orientation
History and Cultural Relations
Settlements
Economy
Kinship
Marriage and Family
Sociopolitical Organization
Religion and Expressive Culture
Bibliography

Source:
World Culture Encyclopedia
« World Culture Encyclopedia

SCIENCE:

Culture of GEORGIA

by GEORGE TARKHAM-MOURAVI

The term "Georgian" does not derive from Saint George but from the ancient Persian Gurg or Gorg, meaning wolf, "supposedly a totemic symbol, or from the Greek georgios ("farmer," "cultivator of land").
Self-identification is based mainly on linguistic tradition, and population groups that belong to different ethno-linguistic groups, such as Ossetians, Abkhazians, Armenians, Greeks, and Kurds, are not considered Georgian. There are some exceptions, such as Jews, who speak Georgian as a native language and have surnames with Georgian endings, but historically have had a distinct cultural identity. Georgians are subdivided into smaller regional ethno-cultural entities. All that have specific traditions and customs, folklore, cuisine, and dress and may speak a different language. Ajarans, unlike the Eastern Orthodox majority, are mostly Sunni Muslims. All these groups preserve and share a common identity, literary language, and basic system of values.

More: http://www.everyculture.com/Ge-It/Georgia.html



BIBLIOGRAPHY
Allen, W. E. D. A History of the Georgian People from the Beginning Down to the Roman Conquest in the Nineteenth Century, 1932, 1971.
Alpago, Novello. Art and Architecture in Medieval Georgia, 1980.
Aronson, Howard I. Georgian: A Reading Grammar, 1982, 1991.
Ascherson, Neal. Black Sea: The Birthplace of Civilisation, 1996.
Avalov (Avalishvili), Zurab. The Annexation of Georgia to Russia, 1982.
——. The Independence of Georgia in International Politics: 1918–1921, 1940, 1982.
Aves, Jonathan. Georgia: From Chaos to Stability, 1996.
Braund, David. Georgia in Antiquity: A History of Colchis and Transcaucasian Iberia, 1994, 1996.
Charachidzé, Géorges. Prométhée ou le Caucase: Essai de Mythologie Contrastive, 1986.
Chatwin, Mary Ellen. Socio-Cultural Transformation and Foodways in the Republic of Georgia, 1996.
Chervonnaya, S. Conflict in the Caucasus: Georgia, Abkhazia and the Russian Shadow, 1995.
Crego, Paul. "Religion and Nationalism in Georgia." Religion in Eastern Europe 14 (3): 1–9, 1994.
Curtis, Glen E., ed. Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia: Country Studies, 1995.
Gachechiladze, R. The New Georgia: Space, Society, Politics, 1995.
Gamkrelidse Thomas V. Alphabetic Writing and the Old Georgian Script: A Typology and Provenience of Alphabetic Writing Systems, 1994.
Georgia: A Travel Reference Map of the Republic of Georgia, 1997.
Grigolia, A. Custom and Justice in Caucasus: Georgian Highlanders, 1936, 1939, 1977.
Herzig, Edmund. The New Caucasus: Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, 1999.
Kazemzadeh, Firuz. The Struggle for Transcaucasia (1917– 1921), 1951, 1981.
Lang, D. M. The Georgians, 1966.
MacFarlane, S. Neil. "Democratization, Nationalism and Regional Security in the Southern Caucasus." Government and Opposition 32 (3): 399–420, 1997.
Melikidze, V., and G. Tarkhan-Mouravi. Human Development Report: Georgia 1997, 1997.
Mepisashvili, Rusudan, and Tsintsadze Vakhtang. The Arts of Ancient Georgia, 1979.
Nasmyth, Peter. Georgia: Mountains and Honour, 1997.
Rayfield, Donald. The Literature of Georgia: A History,1994.
Rosen, Roger. The Georgian Republic, 1995.
Schrade, Brigitta, ed. The Art of Svanetia: Medieval Treasures from the Caucasus, 2000.
Suny, R. G. The Making of the Georgian Nation, 1989, 1996.
Toumanoff C. Studies in Christian Caucasian History, 1963.
Toumanoff, Cyril. "Medieval Georgian Historical Literature (VIII–XV Centuries)." Traditio 1: 139–182, 1943.

Culture of Armenia by SIMA APRAHAMIAN WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF VIKEN APRAHAMIAN

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Alem, Jean-Pierre. Armenie. Paris, 3rd ed., 1972.
Aprahamian, S. "Armenian Identity: Memory, Ethnoscapes, Narratives of Belonging in the Context of the Recent Emerging Notions of Globalization and Its Effect on Time and Space." Feminist Studies in Aotearoa Journal 60, 1999.
Armenia. National Report on the Conditions of Women, 1995.
Bauer-Manndorff, Elisabeth. Armenia, past and present. Translated by Frederick A. Leist, 1981.
Berndt, Jerry. Armenia: Portraits of Survival, 1994.
Bjorklund, Ulf. "Armenia Remembered and Remade: Evolving Issues in a Diaspora." Ethnos 58: 3-4, 335-360, 1993.
Cox, Caroline, and John Eibner. Ethnic Cleansing in Progress: War in Nagorno Karabakh, 1993.
Der Manuelian, Lucy, and Murray L. Eiland. Weavers, Merchants, and Kings: The Inscribed Rugs of Armenia. Edited by Emily J. Sano, 1984.
Der Nersessian, Sirarpie. The Armenians, 1969.
Hamalian, Arpi. The Armenians: Intermediaries for the European Trading Companies, 1976.
Hovannisian, Richard G. Armenia on the Road to Independence, 1918, 1967.
——. The Republic of Armenia. Berkeley: (In six volumes). 1971.
——, ed. The Armenian genocide in perspective, 1986.
——, ed. Remembrance and Denial: The Case of the Armenian Genocide, 1998.
Kasbarian, Lucine. Armenia: A Rugged Land, an Enduring People, 1998.
Kazandjian, Sirvart. Les origines de la musique Arménienne, 1984.
Khorenatsi, Moses. History of the Armenians. Translated by Robert W. Thomson, 1978.
Lang, David Marshall. Armenia: Cradle of Civilization, 1970.
——. The Armenians, a People in Exile, 1981.
Libaridian, J. Gerard, ed. Armenia at the Crossroads: Democracy and Nationhood in the Post-Soviet Era, 1991.
Lynch, H. F. B. Armenia, Travels and Studies, 2 vols., 1901.
Mandelstam, Osip. Journey to Armenia, Translated by Clarence Brown, 1980.
Marashlian, Levon. Politics and Demography: Armenians, Turks and Kurds in the Ottoman Empire, 1991.
Marsden, Philip. The Crossing Place: A Journey among the Armenians, 2nd ed., 1995.
Mouradian, Claire. De Staline à Gorbatchev: Histoire d'une republique sovietique: l'Arménie, 1990.
Nersessian, Vrej Nerses, comp. Armenia, 1993.
Oshagan, Vahe, special ed. Armenia, 1984.
Samuelian, Thomas J., ed. Classical Armenian Culture: Influences and Creativity, 1981.
——, and Michael E. Stone, eds. Medieval Armenian Culture, 1984.
Somakian, Manoug Joseph. Empires in Conflict: Armenia and the Great Powers, 1895-1920, 1995.
Tashjian, Nouvart. Armenian Lace, Edited by Jules and Kaethe Kliot, 1982.
Thierry, Jean-Michel. Armenian Art. Translated by Celestine Dars, 1989.
Toriguian, Shavarsh. The Armenian Question and International Law, 1973.
Utudjian, Edouard. Armenian Architecture, 4th to 17th century. Translated by Geoffrey Capner. 1968.
Vassilian, Hamo B., ed. The Armenians: A Colossal Bibliographic Guide to Books Published in the English Language, 1993.
Walker, Christopher J. Armenia, the Survival of a Nation, rev. ed., 1990.

Culture of Azerbaijan by HÜLYA DEMIRDIREK

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Altstadt, Audrey L. The Azerbaijani Turks: Power and Identity under Russian Rule, 1992.
Atabaki, Touraj. Azerbaijan: Ethnicity and Autonomy in Iran after the Second World War, 1993.
Azerbaijan: A Country Study, U.S. Library of Congress: http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/aztoc.html.
Cornell, Svante. "Undeclared War: The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict Reconsidered." Journal of South Asian and Middle Eastern Studies 20 (4):1–23, 1997. http://scf.usc.edu/∼baguirov/azeri/svante_cornell.html
Croissant, Cynthia. Azerbaijan, Oil and Geopolitics, 1998.
Croissant, Michael P. The Armenia-Azerbaijan Conflict, 1998.
Demirdirek, Hülya. "Dimensions of Identification: Intellectuals in Baku, 1990–1992." Candidata Rerum Politicarum dissertation, University of Oslo, 1993.
Dragadze, Tamara. "The Armenian-Azerbaijani Conflict: Structure and Sentiment." Third World Quarterly 11 (1):55–71, 1989.
——. "Azerbaijanis." In The Nationalist Question in the Soviet Union, edited by Graham Smith, 1990.
——. "Islam in Azerbaijan: The Position of Women." In Muslim Women's Choices, edited by Camilla Fawzi El-Sohl and Judy Marbro, 1994.
Fawcett, Louise L'Estrange. Iran and the Cold War: The Azerbaijan Crisis of 1946, 1992.
Goltz, Thomas. Azerbaijan Diary: A Rogue Reporter's Adventures in an Oil-Rich, War-Torn Post-Soviet Republic,1998.
Hunter, Shireen. "Azerbaijan: Search for Identity and New Partners." In Nation and Politics in the Soviet Successor States, edited by Ian Bremmer and Ray Taras, 1993.
Kechichian, J. A., and T. W. Karasik. "The Crisis in Azerbaijan: How Clans Influence the Politics of an Emerging Republic." Middle East Policy 4 (1B2): 57B71, 1995.
Kelly, Robert C., et al., eds. Country Review, Azerbaijan 1998/1999, 1998.
Nadein-Raevski, V. "The Azerbaijani-Armenian Conflict: Possible Paths towards Resolution." In Ethnicity and Conflict in a Post-Communist World: The Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and China, edited by Kumar Rupesinghe et al., 1992.
Robins, P. "Between Sentiment and Self-Interest: Turkey's Policy toward Azerbaijan and the Central Asian States." Middle East Journal 47 (4): 593–610, 1993.
Safizadeh, Fereydoun. "On Dilemmas of Identity in the Post-Soviet Republic of Azerbaijan." Caucasian Regional Studies 3 (1), 1998. http://poli.vub.ac.be/publi/crs/eng/0301–04.htm.
——. "Majority-Minority Relations in the Soviet Republics." In Soviet Nationalities Problems, edited by Ian A. Bremmer and Norman M. Naimark, 1990.
Saroyan, Mark. "The 'Karabakh Syndrome' and Azerbaijani Politics." Problems of Communism, September-October, 1990, pp. 14–29.
Smith, M.G. "Cinema for the 'Soviet East': National Fact and Revolutionary Fiction in Early Azerbaijani Film." Slavic Review 56 (4): 645–678, 1997.
Suny, Ronald G. The Baku Commune, 1917–1918: Class and Nationality in the Russian Revolution, 1972.
——. Transcaucasia: Nationalism and Social Change: Essays in the History of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, 1983.
——. "What Happened in Soviet Armenia." Middle East Report July-August, 1988, pp. 37–40.
——. "The Revenge' of the Past: Socialism and Ethnic Conflict in Transcaucasia." New Left Review 184: 5– 34, 1990.
——. "Incomplete Revolution: National Movements and the Collapse of the Soviet Empire." New Left Review 189: 111–140, 1991.
——. "State, Civil Society and Ethnic Cultural Consolidation in the USSR—Roots of the National Question." In From Union to Commonwealth: Nationalism and Separatism in the Soviet Republics, edited by Gail W. Lapidus et al., 1992.
——, ed. Transcaucasia, Nationalism, and Social Change: Essays in the History of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, 1996 (1984).
Swietochowski, Tadeusz. Russian Azerbaijan, 1905B1920: The Shaping of National Identity in a Muslim Community, 1985.
——. "The Politics of a Literary Language and the Rise of National Identity in Russian Azerbaijan before 1920." Ethnic and Racial Studies 14 (1): 55–63, 1991.
——. Russia and Azerbaijan: A Borderland in Transition, 1995.
——, ed. Historical Dictionary of Azerbaijan, 1999.
Tohidi, N. "Soviet in Public, Azeri in Private—Gender, Islam, and Nationality in Soviet and Post-Soviet Azerbaijan." Women's Studies International Forum 19 (1–2): 111–123, 1996.
Van Der Leeuw, Charles. Azerbaijan: A Quest for Identity, 1999.
Vatanabadi, S. "Past, Present, Future, and Postcolonial Discourse in Modern Azerbaijani Literature." World Literature Today 70 (3): 493–497, 1996.
Yamskov, Anatoly. "Inter-Ethnic Conflict in the Trans-Caucasus: A Case Study of Nagorno-Karabakh." In Ethnicity and Conflict in a Post-Communist World: The Soviet Union, Eastern Europe and China, edited by Kumar Rupesinghe et al., 1992.

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