Limoncello
Type | Alcoholic beverage |
---|---|
Place of origin | Italy |
Main ingredients | Water, lemon zest, rectified spirit, sugar |
Limoncello (Italian pronunciation: [limonˈtʃɛlːo]) is an Italian lemon liqueur mainly produced in Southern Italy, especially in the region around the Gulf of Naples, the Amalfi Coast, and Sicily. It is the second-most popular liqueur in Italy and is traditionally served chilled as an after-dinner digestivo. It is also a popular homemade liqueur, with various recipes available online and in print.
Limoncello is made from the zest of lemons and usually has a slightly turbid appearance, which originates from the presence of small essential oil droplets suspended in the drink.
History[edit]
The exact origin of limoncello is disputed. The industry trade group Federazione Italiana Industriali Produttori Esportatori ed Importatori di Vini, Acquaviti, Liquori, Sciroppi, Aceti ed affini says that limoncello was created at the beginning of the 1900s by the grandmother of Maria Antonia Farace, who lived in a small guesthouse in Isola Azzurra.[1] US sources[who?] say that it was either invented in Sicily about 100 years ago,[2] or that it was first made on the Amalfi coast, where several villages and islands claim to be its place of origin.[3] Journalist Kristen Tillotson reports that it may either have been invented by a citrus-grove tender from Azzurra around 1900 or by monks or fishermen much earlier.[3]
Production[edit]
Limoncello is mainly produced in Southern Italy, especially in the region around the Gulf of Naples, the Amalfi Coast, and Sicily.[4]
Traditionally, limoncello is made from the zest of Femminello St. Teresa lemons, also known as Sorrento or Sfusato lemons.[2][5] Lemon zest, or peels without the pith, is steeped in rectified spirit until the oil is released. The resulting yellow liquid is then mixed with simple syrup. Varying the sugar-to-water ratio and the temperature affects the clarity, viscosity, and flavor. It has a slightly turbid appearance, which originates from the presence of small (approximately 100 nanometers) essential oil droplets suspended in the drink. Opaque limoncello is the result of spontaneous emulsification (otherwise known as the ouzo effect) of the sugar syrup and extracted lemon oils.[6]
Commercial production was about 15 million liters in 2003.[6]
Popularity[edit]
Limoncello is the second-most popular liqueur in Italy after Campari.[5]
Serving[edit]
Limoncello is traditionally served chilled as an after-dinner digestivo. Along the Sorrentine Peninsula and the Amalfi Coast, it is usually served in small ceramic glasses that are also chilled. This tradition has been carried into other parts of Italy.[7]
Alcohol content[edit]
Alcohol content can vary widely, especially among homemade variants, but the typical alcohol content is about 30% by volume.[6]
Variants[edit]
Many variations of limoncello are also available. These include arancello (flavored with oranges), agrumello (flavored with mixed citrus), pistachiocello (flavored with pistachio nuts), meloncello (flavored with cantaloupe), and fragoncello (flavored with strawberry). A version made with milk instead of simple syrup also exists, known as crema di limoncello and is often less alcoholic, at around 17% alcohol content by volume.
See also[edit]
- Cedratine
- List of lemon dishes and beverages
- Tubi 60
- Villa Massa Limoncello – a brand of limoncello produced in the Sorrento peninsula of Italy
References[edit]
- ^ "Breve storia del Limoncello". Federazione Italiana Industriali Produttori Esportatori ed Importatori di Vini, Acquaviti, Liquori, Sciroppi, Aceti ed affini (in Italian). 5 May 2010.
- ^ a b Charles Perry (September 8, 2004). "Taste of a thousand lemons". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
- ^ a b Kristin Tillotson (July 3, 2008). "Limoncello Citrus Liqueur Recipe Is Far From Lemonade". The Minneapolis Star Tribune. Archived from the original on July 20, 2012. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
- ^ Claudia Romeo (2 October 2019). "How traditional Limoncello is made in Italy". Insider.
- ^ a b Jayne Cain (2011). "When Life Gives Italians Lemons, They Make Limoncello". Rick Steves' Europe. Retrieved 10 April 2012.
- ^ a b c Chiappisi, Leonardo; Grillo, Isabelle (2018-11-30). "Looking into Limoncello: The Structure of the Italian Liquor Revealed by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering". ACS Omega. 3 (11): 15407–15415. doi:10.1021/acsomega.8b01858. ISSN 2470-1343. PMC 6644077. PMID 31458197.
- ^ Valerie Waterhouse (September 2010). "5 Ways to See Italy". Travel + Leisure. Retrieved 10 April 2012.