AVIF

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AV1 Image File Format (AVIF)
Avif-logo-rgb.svg
Filename extension
.avif
Internet media type
image/avif
Developed byAlliance for Open Media
Initial releasev1.0.0, 19 February 2019
Type of format
Contained byHEIF
Extended fromHEIF, ISOBMFF, AV1
Open format?Yes
Websiteaomediacodec.github.io/av1-avif/

AV1 Image File Format (AVIF) (/əˈviːf/[citation needed]) is an image file format specification for storing images or image sequences compressed with AV1 in the HEIF container format.[1] It competes with HEIC, which uses the same container format built upon ISOBMFF, but HEVC for compression. Version 1.0.0 of the AVIF specification was finalized in February 2019.

In a number of tests by Netflix in 2020, AVIF showed better compression efficiency than JPEG as well as better detail preservation, less blocking artifacts and less color bleeding around hard edges in composites of natural images, text, and graphics.[2]

Features[edit]

AVIF supports features like:

Profiles[edit]

AVIF specification defines two image profiles:[1]

  • AVIF Baseline Profile
    • Uses AV1 Main Profile
    • AV1 level is 5.1 or lower
      • Level 5.1 is chosen for the Baseline profile to ensure that no single coded image exceeds 8K resolution, as some decoders may not be able to handle larger images. More precisely, coded image items compliant to the AVIF Baseline profile may not have a total number of pixels greater than 8912896, a width greater than 8192, or a height greater than 4352. It is still possible to use the Baseline profile to create larger images using grid derivation.
  • AVIF Advanced Profile
    • Uses AV1 High Profile
    • AV1 level is 6.0 or lower
      • Coded image items compliant to the AVIF Advanced profile may not have a total number of pixels greater than 35651584, a width greater than 16384, or a height greater than 8704. It is still possible to use the Advanced profile to create larger images using grid derivation.

Support[edit]

On 14 December 2018 Netflix published the first .avif sample images.[6] In November 2020, HDR sample images with PQ transfer function and BT.2020 color primaries were published.[7]

libavif
AV1Fenc example screenshot.png
Developer(s)Alliance for Open Media
Stable release
0.10.1 / 11 April 2022; 3 months ago (2022-04-11)
Repositoryhttps://github.com/AOMediaCodec/libavif Edit this on Wikidata
Written in
Operating systemcross-platform
LicenseBSD 2-Clause License (free software)
Websiteaomediacodec.github.io/av1-avif/ Edit this on Wikidata

Software[edit]

Web browsers[edit]

  • In August 2020, Google Chrome version 85 was released with full AVIF support.[8] Google Chrome 89 for Android adds AVIF support.[9]
  • In October 2021, Mozilla Firefox 93 was released with default AVIF support.[10] It had planned to enable AVIF support by default in Firefox 86, but pulled the change a day before release.[11][12]
  • WebKit added AVIF support on 5 March 2021. However, Safari has not yet implemented it due to Safari's image decoding being handled by macOS and not directly by the WebKit browser engine.[13] macOS Ventura has added AVIF support and Safari on macOS Ventura has added AVIF support[14][15]

Image viewers[edit]

Media player[edit]

  • VLC reads AVIF files starting with version 4, which is still in development[20]

Image editors[edit]

  • Paint.net added support for opening AVIF files in September 2019,[21] and the ability to save AVIF format images in an August 2020 update.[22]
  • The Colorist format conversion and Darktable RAW image data have each released support for and provide reference implementations of libavif.
  • A GIMP plugin implementation has been developed supporting both 3.x and 2.10.x plugin APIs. Native AVIF import and export was added to GIMP in October 2020.[23]
  • Krita 5.0 released on 23 December 2021 added AVIF support. The support also includes Rec.2100 HDR AVIF images.[24][25]
  • Adobe Illustrator May 2022 release released on May 10 2022 added AVIF support.[26]

Image libraries[edit]

  • libavif – portable library for encoding and decoding AVIF files.
  • libheif – ISO/IEC 23008-12:2017 HEIF and AVIF decoder and encoder.
  • SAIL – format-agnostic library with support of AVIF implemented on top of libavif.

Operating systems[edit]

  • Microsoft announced support with the Windows 10 "19H1" preview release, including support in File Explorer, Paint and multiple APIs, together with sample images.
  • Android 12, released on 4 October 2021, added native support for AVIF, although it will not be the default image format for the camera app.[27]
  • AVIF is widely supported in Linux distributions. With the release of libavif 0.8.0 in July 2020, which added a GdkPixbuf plugin, AVIF support is present in most GNOME/GTK applications.[28] The KDE Frameworks added support for AVIF to the "KImageFormats" library in January 2021, enabling most KDE/Qt applications to support viewing and saving AVIF images.[29]
  • macOS Ventura has AVIF support but not officially announced by Apple yet

Websites[edit]

  • On 14 February 2020, Netflix published a blog article with objective measurements on AVIF's image quality and compression efficiency in comparison to JPEG.[2]
  • Cloudflare announced AVIF support in a blog post on 3 October 2020.[30]
  • Vimeo announced AVIF support in a blog post on 3 June 2021.[31]

Programming languages[edit]

  • PHP has AVIF support in its GD extension since PHP version 8.1.[32]

Others[edit]

  • Exiftool has supported AVIF format for read and write EXIF since v11.79.

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c "AV1 Image File Format (AVIF)". aomediacodec.github.io. Archived from the original on 29 November 2018. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
  2. ^ a b Mavlankar, Aditya; De Cock, Jan; Concolato, Cyril; Swanson, Kyle; Moorthy, Anush; Aaron, Anne (2020-02-13). "AVIF for Next-Generation Image Coding". The Netflix Tech Blog. Archived from the original on 2020-02-15. Retrieved 2021-11-19.
  3. ^ "av1-avif/testFiles/Netflix/avif at master · AOMediaCodec/av1-avif". GitHub. Retrieved 2022-02-05.
  4. ^ a b Concolato, Cyril (14 October 2019). "AV1 Image File Format (AVIF)" (PDF). AOMedia. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 November 2019. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
  5. ^ "Film Grain Synthesis for AV1 Video Codec" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 January 2021. Retrieved 14 December 2020.
  6. ^ "Netflix AV1 Encodes Readme". Archived from the original on 20 February 2020. Retrieved 23 May 2020.
  7. ^ "av1-avif/testFiles/Netflix/avif at master · AOMediaCodec/av1-avif". GitHub. Archived from the original on 8 August 2019. Retrieved 2021-09-17.
  8. ^ Abrams, Lawrence (2020-08-25). "Chrome 85 released with security fixes, app shortcuts, AVIF support". Bleeping Computer. Archived from the original on 26 August 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  9. ^ "Chrome 89 Beta: Advanced Hardware Interactions, Web Sharing on Desktop, and More". Archived from the original on 29 January 2021. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  10. ^ "Firefox 93.0, See All New Features, Updates and Fixes". Mozilla. Retrieved 2021-10-05.
  11. ^ "1682995 - (Avif-default) Enable AVIF support by default". Archived from the original on 9 January 2021. Retrieved 9 January 2021.
  12. ^ Cimpanu, Catalin (2020-07-09). "Chrome and Firefox are getting support for the new AVIF image format - After Netflix, Windows 10, VLC, and a few image editors, the new AVIF image format is coming to web browsers". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 13 August 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  13. ^ "207750 – AVIF decoding support". Archived from the original on 7 April 2022. Retrieved 7 April 2022.
  14. ^ "[Cocoa] Support AVIF images for macOS Ventura and iOS 16 by shallawa · Pull Request #1717 · WebKit/WebKit". GitHub.
  15. ^ "AVIF coming to Safari & Safari on iOS 16? By Schweinepriester · Pull Request #6348 · Fyrd/Caniuse". GitHub.
  16. ^ "ImageMagick AVIF support". Github. Archived from the original on 9 September 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  17. ^ "IrfanView AVIF support". IrfanView. Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2021.
  18. ^ "416941 – AVIF image support". bugs.kde.org. Retrieved 2022-06-12.
  19. ^ "DigiKam 7.7.0 is released". 26 June 2022.
  20. ^ "no display of .avif files with dav1d decoder (#21568) · Issues · VideoLAN / VLC". GitLab. Retrieved 2021-10-08.
  21. ^ "paint.net 4.2.2 is now available!". paint.net blog. 2019-09-18. Archived from the original on 27 September 2019. Retrieved 2019-10-12.
  22. ^ "paint.net 4.2.14 alpha build 7542". 2020-08-25. Archived from the original on 1 October 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
  23. ^ "GIMP 2.10.22 Released". www.gimp.org. 7 October 2020. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 14 October 2020.
  24. ^ "Krita 5.0 released!". 23 December 2021.
  25. ^ "Krita 5.0 Release Notes".
  26. ^ https://helpx.adobe.com/illustrator/using/whats-new/2022-3.html
  27. ^ "Android 12 is live in AOSP!".
  28. ^ "Add a gdk-pixbuf module by linkmauve". GitHub.
  29. ^ "KDE Ships Frameworks 5.78.0". KDE Community. 9 January 2021.
  30. ^ "AVIF image format supported by Cloudflare Image Resizing". The Cloudflare Blog. 3 October 2020. Archived from the original on 3 October 2020. Retrieved 3 October 2020.
  31. ^ "Upgrading images on Vimeo". 2 June 2021. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
  32. ^ "PHP 8.1: GD: AVIF image support". PHP.Watch. 14 June 2021. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
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