Encyclopaedia
Encyclopaedīa (Graece ἐγκύκλιος "circularis" + παιδεία "doctrina") est genus operis referendi, compendium quod summarium informationis ex omnium ramorum scientiae vel proprii rami scientiae continet.[1] Encyclopaediae in commentarios vel nomina dividuntur, quae lectores plerumque per initium tutuli commentarii ordine alphabetice inveniunt.[2] Commentarii encyclopaedici sunt longiores, plura singula continentes, quam commentarii in plurimis dictionariis.[2] Commentarii encyclopaedici, commentariorum in dictionariis dissimiles, quae informationem linguisticam de verbis vehementius dicunt, informationem de factis ad summam praebent ad explanandam rem vel notionem quam titulus commentarii repraesentat.[3][4][5][6]
Encyclopaediae circa 2000 annos exsistiterunt; veterrima iam extans, Naturalis Historia anno fere 77 a Gaio Plinio Secundo composita est. Encyclopaediae hodiernae se ex dictionariis circa saeculum septimum decimum evolverunt, et in decimo octavo editum est illum praeclarum opus quod per antonomasiam Encyclopédie appellatur. Nonnullae encyclopaediae in uno volumine iam pridem contentae sunt, sed nonnullae, sicut Encyclopædia Britannica Anglice, Meyers Konversations-Lexikon Theodisce, Treccani Italice et Enciclopedia universal ilustrada europeo-americana Hispanice (maxima in orbe terrarum encyclopaedia), ingentia opera in permultis voluminibus factae sunt. Alia exempla clara sunt Larousse Francogallice, et Brockhaus Theodisce, quae sunt mediae magnitudinis. Nonnullae encyclopaediae hodiernae, sicut Wikipedia, sunt electronicae et liberae.
Nexus interni
Notae[recensere | fontem recensere]
- ↑ "Encyclopedia.". Glossary of Library Terms. Riverside City College, Digital Library/Learning Resource Center. Accessum 17 Novembris 2007.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Hartmann, R. R. K.; James, Gregory; Gregory James (1998). Dictionary of Lexicography. Routledge. p. 48. ISBN 0-415-14143-5.
- ↑ Henri Béjoint, (2000). Modern Lexicography, Oxford University Press, 2000, ISBN 0-19-829951-6), pp. 30–31.
- ↑ "Encyclopaedia". Encyclopædia Britannica
- ↑ Hartmann, R. R. K.; Gregory James (1998). Dictionary of Lexicography. Routledge. p. 49. ISBN 0-415-14143-5
- ↑ Cowie, Anthony Paul (2009). The Oxford History of English Lexicography, Volume I. Oxford University Press. p. 22. ISBN 0-415-14143-5
Bibliographia[recensere | fontem recensere]
- Béjoint, Henri (2000). Modern Lexicography. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-829951-6
- Bergenholtz, H., Nielsen, S., Tarp, S., ed. (2009). Lexicography at a Crossroads: Dictionaries and Encyclopedias Today, Lexicographical Tools Tomorrow. Peter Lang. ISBN 978-3-03911-799-4
- Blom, Phillip (2004). Enlightening the World: Encyclopédie, the Book that Changed the Course of History. Novi Eboraci; Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 978-1-4039-6895-1
- Collison, Robert Lewis (1966). Encyclopaedias: Their History Throughout the Ages (2a ed.). Novi Eboraci, Londinii: Hafner
- Cowie, Anthony Paul (2009). The Oxford History of English Lexicography, Volume I. Oxoniae: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-415-14143-5
- Darnton, Robert (1979). The business of enlightenment : a publishing history of the Encyclopédie, 1775–1800. Cantabrigiae Massachusettae: Belknap Press. ISBN 0-674-08785-2
- Hartmann, R. R. K.; James, Gregory; Gregory James (1998). Dictionary of Lexicography. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-14143-5
- Kafker, Frank A., ed. (1981). Notable encyclopedias of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries: nine predecessors of the Encyclopédie. Oxoniae: Voltaire Foundation. ISBN 978-0-7294-0256-9
- Kafker, Frank A., ed. (1994). Notable encyclopedias of the late eighteenth century: eleven successors of the Encyclopédie. Oxoniae: Voltaire Foundation. ISBN 978-0-7294-0467-9
- Needham, Joseph. 1986. Science and Civilization in China. Vol. 5, "Chemistry and Chemical Technology"; caput 7, "Military Technology; the Gunpowder Epic." Taipeii: Caves Books. ISBN 978-0-521-30358-3. OCLC 59245877.
- Rosenzweig, Roy (Iunio 2006). "Can History Be Open Source? Wikipedia and the Future of the Past". Journal of American History 93 (1): 117–46
- Walsh, S. Padraig (1968). Anglo-American general encyclopedias: a historical bibliography, 1703–1967. Novi Eboraci: Bowker. p. 270
- Yeo, Richard R. (2001). Encyclopaedic visions: scientific dictionaries and enlightenment culture. Cantabrigiae, Novi Eboraci: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-65191-2
Nexus externi[recensere | fontem recensere]
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Vicimedia Communia plura habent quae ad encyclopaediam spectant. |
|
Vide encyclopaedia in Victionario. |
- Enzyklothek. Historische Nachschlagewerke - Digital library
- "Encyclopaedia". Encyclopædia Britannica
- Online Etymology Dictionary, encyclopedia (n.) (anglice)* "Encyclopedia", commentariuys Diderotianus ex primi Encyclopédie, apud www.hti.umich.edu
- Hindupedia, de Hindu Dharma, apud www.hindupedia.com
- "Encyclopedias online", apud www.uwstout.edu (University of Wisconsin – Stout)
- Chambers' Cyclopaedia, (1728), cum supplemento anni 1753, apud digicoll.library.wisc.edu
- Encyclopædia Americana, 1851, ed. Francis Lieber (Bostoniae: Mussey & Co.), apud www.hti.umich.edu (University of Michigan Making of America)
- Encyclopædia Britannica, commentarii et imagines ex editionibus nona, 1875–89, et decima, 1902–03,] apud www.1902encyclopedia.com (anglice)
- "Encyclopedia Sites list", apud siteslist.vkhoria.co.in
- "What makes a scholarly encyclopedia?" apud www.lib.duke.edu