FIFA

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Bendera ya FIFA.

Shirikisho la Soka Duniani(kwa Kifaransa Fédération Internationale de Football Association, kifupi FIFA) ni shirika linalosimamia mambo ya mpira wa miguu kimataifa.

Kisheria ni shirika binafsi lililoandikishwa huko Uswisi. Makao makuu yapo Zurich. Rais Joseph Blatter[1] ameongoza kwa muda wa miaka 18 kabla ya kumuachia Gianni Infantino, raia wa Uswisi. Fatma Samba Diouf Samoura wa Senegal ndiye Katibu Mkuu wake.

FIFA inasimamia mashindano ya kimataifa, hasa Kombe la Dunia la FIFA kama mashindano ya pekee kwa wanaume na wanawake.

FIFA ilianzishwa mwaka 1904 mjini Paris, Ufaransa na kwa mwaka 2015 ina shirika za kitaifa wanachama 208. Lugha rasmi ni Kiingereza, Kifaransa, Kijerumani na Kihispania.

Muundo

FIFA inaundwa na mashirikisho ya kitaifa ambayo ni wanachama wa mashirikisho sita ya kibara ambayo ni

  • Asian Football Confederation (AFC), ilianzishwa 1954
  • Confédération Africaine de Football (CAF), ilianzishwa 1957
  • Confederación Sudamericana de Fútbol (CONMEBOL), ilianzishwa 1916
  • Confederation of North, Central America and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF), ilianzishwa 1961 (watangulizi tangu 1938 na 1946)
  • Oceania Football Confederation (OFC), ilianzishwa 1966
  • Union of European Football Organizations (UEFA), ilianzishwa 1954

Nchi kadhaa ni wanachama nje ya bara lao: Guyana na Surinam ziko CONCACAF, nchi katika Asia ni wanachama wa UEFA (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kupri na Israel), pia nchi zenye maeneo katika Ulaya na Asia kama Uturuki, Urusi na Kazakhstan. Australia iliondoka mwaka 2006 kenye OFC ikaingia katika AFC kwa shabaha ya kupata wapinzani wenye uwezo zaidi.

Utawala

Mabaraza tawala ni Mkutano Mkuu na Kamati ya Utendaji chini ya raisi aliye mwenyekiti.

Taasisi nyingine ni:

  • Kamati mbalimbali
  • Shirikisho za kibara
  • Shirikisho za Kitaifa
  • Ofisi Kuu
  • Kamati ya nidhamu

Uhakiki

Tangu miaka kadhaa mpira wa miguu imepata uzito wa kiuchumi zaidi kutokana na matumizi ya mashindano makubwa kama nafasi ya kutangaza biashara na bidhaa. FIFA ilikuwa na mapato ya bilioni dolar 5.718 katika miaka 2011 hadi 2014 hasa kwa njia ya kuuza haki za matangazo na milioni 338 zilibaki kama faida. Asiimia 70 ya faida inatakiwa kugawiwa kwa mashirikisho wanachama.

Uhakiki unahusu hata matumizi ya fedha[2], hali ya FIFA kulipa kodi ndogo mno huko Uswisi, undugu kati ya viongozi wa ngazi ya juu, na mashtaki ya rushwa[3][4]. Imedaiwa ya kwamba azimio la kupeleka Kombe la Dunia huko Urusi na Qatar lilitolewa na wanachama wa Kamati Kuu waliopokea rushwa.[5]

Kukamatwa kwa maafisa wakuu 27 Mei 2015

Tarehe 27 Mei 2015 polisi ya Uswisi ilikamata maafisa 7 wa FIFA, kati yao makamu 2 wa rais Blatter, katika hoteli ya mjini Zurich walipokusanyika kwa mkutano wa Kamati Kuu. [6] Polisi ilitekeleza hati ya kifungo ya tarehe 21 Mei 2015 kutoka Ofisi ya Mwanasheria Mkuu wa Marekani aliyeamua kuwashtaki kwa udanganyifu, ulanguzi na kuficha fedha zisizo halali. Mashtaki yalifunguliwa rasmi dhidi ya maafisa 9 wa FIFA, mameneja 4 wa makampuni ya kuuzia huduma na vifaa vya michezo na mfanya biashara mmoja.[7]

FIFA Clubs World Cup

CAF (Africa)

Players from Mazembe lining up for a photo before a match.
TP Mazembe became the first non-European and non-South American club to reach the final in 2010, when they defeated Internacional.
A flag with the crest of Egyptian association football club Al Ahly, on a red background, can be seen.
Al Ahly have made the most appearances in the FIFA Club World Cup among all CAF clubs, with five.
Klabu za CAF jinsi zilivyofaulu
Mwaka Klabu Namna ya kuingia Kiwango cha kufaulu Ref(s)
2015 Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Kongo TP Mazembe (3/3) Winner of the 2015 CAF Champions League Sixth Place
2016 Afrika Kusini Mamelodi Sundowns (1/1) Winner of the 2016 CAF Champions League Sixth Place
2017 Moroko Wydad Casablanca (1/1) Winner of the 2017 CAF Champions League Sixth Place
2018 Tunisia Espérance de Tunis (2/3) Winner of the 2018 CAF Champions League Fifth Place
2019 Tunisia Espérance de Tunis (3/3) Winner of the 2018–19 CAF Champions League

Marejeo

  1. ↑ Anatumia kifupi "Sepp" kwa jina la kwanza
  2. ↑ Report claims FIFA bosses secretly doubled their salaries Sports Sun Monday 23rd June, 2014
  3. ↑ Fifa honourary president Joao Havelange faces IOC inquiry (Rais wa zamani wa FIFA alipatikana kwa rushwa), Telegraph 17 Jun 2011
  4. ↑ Dave Zirin: Abolish FIFA Sports journalist Dave Zirin says bribery and corruption are endemic to FIFA, and discusses what could take its place in the world of soccer - June 17, 2014 , The REal News.com. Jalada kutoka ya awali juu ya 2015-07-02. Iliwekwa mnamo 2015-05-27.
  5. ↑ Tim Franks: Panorama: Three Fifa World Cup officials “took bribes”, BBC News, 15 Juni 2011.
  6. ↑ FIFA officials arrested on corruption charges, Blatter isnt among them NYT 28 Mei 2015
  7. ↑ Nine FIFA Officials and Five Corporate Executives Indicted for Racketeering Conspiracy and Corruption, Department of Justice Office of Public Affairs Release May 27, 2015

Kujisomea

  • Andrew Jennings: FOUL! The Secret World of FIFA: Bribes, Vote-Rigging and Ticket Scandals. HarperSport, 2006, ISBN 978-0-00-720811-1.
  • Paul Darby, Africa, Football and Fifa: Politics, Colonialism and Resistance (Sport in the Global Society), Frank Cass Publishers 2002, ISBN 0-7146-8029-X.
  • John Sugden, FIFA and the Contest For World Football, Polity Press 1998, ISBN 0-7456-1661-5.
  • Jim Trecker, Charles Miers, J. Brett Whitesell, ed., Women's Soccer: The Game and the Fifa World Cup, Universe 2000, Revised Edition, ISBN 0-7893-0527-5.

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