et

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "et"

Translingual[edit]

Symbol[edit]

et

  1. (airlines) Ethiopian Airlines' International Air Transport Association airline designator
  2. (climate) Tundra climate's Köppen climate classification
  3. (Internet) .et, the country code top level domain (ccTLD) for Ethiopia
  4. (ISO) Estonian language's ISO 639 code
  5. (ISO) Ethiopia's ISO 3166-1 country code

English[edit]

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology[edit]

From Middle English et, from Old English æt, first and third person singular indicative of Old English etan (“to eat”). Doublet of ate.

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

et

  1. (informal, dialectal) Pronunciation spelling of ate, the simple past tense and past participle of eat
    • 1896, Samuel Clemens (Mark Twain), Tom Sawyer, Detective [2]:
      So we got to talking together while he et his breakfast.
    • 1907, O. Henry, Seats of the Haughty [3]:
      'Boss,' says the cabby, 'I et a steak in that restaurant once. If you're real hungry, I advise you to try the saddle-shops first.'
    • 1919, Bess Streeter Aldrich, A Long-Distance Call From Jim:
      Well, I don't care if he does! I can remember the time when he et a good old-fashioned supper.
    • 1937, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Hobbit:
      Yer can't expect folk to stop here for ever just to be et by you and Bert.
    • 1946 February 18, Life magazine:
      It must have been somethin’ I et!
    • 1996, Dana Lyons, "Cows with Guns":
      They eat to grow, grow to die / Die to be et at the hamburger fry.
    • 2001, Richard Williams, The Animator's Survival Kit, page 220:
      Something I et?

Anagrams[edit]

Albanian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Uncertain. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *i̯et (“to set out for; to strive”). Compare Old Irish ét (“thirst”), Irish éad (“eagerness, jealousy”), Latin sitis (“thirst”), Tocharian A yat (“reach, get”). Alternatively from Proto-Indo-European *eus-ti-, cognate to Greek αἰτέω (aἰtéo, “to demand, to beg”). Orel suggests Proto-Albanian *alk-ti-, drawing comparisons to Lithuanian álkti (“to be hungry”), Proto-Slavic *olkati (“id.”), and Old High German ilgi (“hunger”).[1]

Noun[edit]

et f (indefinite plural etje, definite singular etja, definite plural etjet)

  1. thirst

References[edit]

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (2000) A concise historical grammar of the Albanian language: reconstruction of Proto-Albanian‎[1], Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 155

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tē (accusative of tū).

Pronoun[edit]

et (proclitic, contracted t', enclitic te, contracted enclitic 't)

  1. you, thee (singular, direct or indirect object)

Declension[edit]

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
strong/subject weak (direct object) weak (indirect object) possessive
singular proclitic enclitic proclitic enclitic
1st person jo, mi3 em, m’ -me, ’m em, m’ -me, ’m meu
1st person majestic1 nós ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person tu et, t’ -te, ’t et, t’ -te, ’t teu
2nd person formal1 vós us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person very formal2 vostè el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person masculine ell el, l’ -lo, ’l li -li seu
3rd person feminine ella la, l’4 -la li -li seu
3rd person neuter ho -ho li -li seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
plural
1st person nosaltres ens -nos, ’ns ens -nos, ’ns nostre
2nd person vosaltres us -vos, -us us -vos, -us vostre
2nd person formal2 vostès els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person masculine ells els -los, ’ls els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person feminine elles les -les els -los, ’ls seu
3rd person reflexive si es, s’ -se, ’s es, s’ -se, ’s seu
adverbial
ablative/genitive en, n’ -ne, ’n
locative hi -hi
1) Behaves grammatically as plural.
2) Behaves grammatically as third person. 		3) Only as object of a preposition.
4) Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

Usage notes[edit]

  • et is the reinforced (reforçada) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with consonant.
    Et perdràs. ― You'll get lost.

Related terms[edit]

Chuukese[edit]

Numeral[edit]

et

  1. (serial counting) one

Cimbrian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle High German iezuo, ieze, iezō, from Old High German iozou, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *juta. Cognate with German itzo (modern jetzt), English yet.

Adverb[edit]

et

  1. (Sette Comuni) now
    Et lóofet dar hunt et dar haazo.
    Now the dog runs, and now the hare.

Related terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • “et” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Danish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Norse eitt.

Pronunciation[edit]

Article[edit]

et (common en)

  1. (neuter) a, an

Emilian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin tū (“you”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /et/
  • Hyphenation: et

Pronoun[edit]

et (personal, nominative case)

  1. you (singular)

Alternative forms[edit]

  • Becomes t- before a vowel.
  • Becomes -et when acting as an enclitic (after a consonant).
  • Becomes -t when acting as an enclitic (after a vowel).

Related terms[edit]

Emilian personal pronouns (strong forms)
Number Person Gender Disjunctive
(tonic) 		Nominative
(subject) 		Accusative
(direct complement) 		Dative
(indirect complement) 		Reflexive
(-self) 		Comitative
(with)
Singular First — mè a me mêg
Second — tè et te têg
Third Masculine ló al ge se sêg
Feminine lê la
Plural First Masculine nuēter a se nōsk
Feminine nuētri
Second Masculine vuēter a ve vōsk
Feminine vuētri
Third Masculine lôr i ge se sêg
Feminine el li

Estonian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *että (compare Finnish että), from the same Proto-Uralic root *e- (“this”) as Hungarian ez

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. that
    Ma tean, et sa oled julm.
    I know that you are cruel.
  2. to, in order to, so that, as to
    Ma sõitsin poodi, et viina osta.
    I drove to the store to buy vodka.

Faroese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

et

  1. singular imperative of eta

Finnish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈet/, [ˈe̞t̪]
  • Rhymes: -et
  • Syllabification: et

Etymology 1[edit]

See ei. Has the regular verb ending -t.

Verb[edit]

et

  1. The second-person singular form of the negative verb (negation verb). The English translations include do not/don’t and not (with auxiliary verbs and be).
  2. (colloquial, Uusimaa) Alternative form of etkö.
Usage notes[edit]
  • The negative verb is used with the connegative form of the main verb. That form is identical to the second-person singular imperative in the indicative present. The potential mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -ne-, and the conditional mood connegative ends in the marker for the mood, -isi-. In the indicative past, conditional past and potential past, the active past participle singular (ending -ut/-yt) is used. The connegative form of the main verb is always used without the personal suffix.
  • Usage of et:
  • Indicative:
  • Sinä näet. (You see.) -> Sinä et näe. (You do not see.)
  • Sinä näit. (You saw.) -> Sinä et nähnyt. (You did not see.)
  • Sinä olet nähnyt. (You have seen.) -> Sinä et ole nähnyt. (You have not seen.)
  • Sinä olit nähnyt. (You had seen.) -> Sinä et ollut nähnyt. (You had not seen.)
  • Conditional:
  • Sinä näkisit. (You would see.) -> Sinä et näkisi. (You would not see.)
  • Sinä olisit nähnyt. (You would have seen.) -> Sinä et olisi nähnyt. (You would not have seen.)
  • Potential:
  • Sinä nähnet. (You probably see.) -> Sinä et nähne. (You probably do not see.)
  • Sinä lienet nähnyt. (You have probably seen.) -> Sinä et liene nähnyt. (You have probably not seen.)
Conjugation[edit]
  • The negation verb has no infinitive form.
  • Indicative, conditional and potential moods use the indicative forms (stem e-), for which the verb is conjugated only in person.
  • In the imperative mood the negation verb has the stem äl-.
  • An archaic optative mood exists and is used mainly in poetry.
person indicative mood imperative mood optative mood
1st sing. en (älkääni, älkäämi) (ällön)
2nd sing. et älä (ällös)
3rd sing. ei älköön (älköön)
1st plur. emme älkäämme (älköömme)
2nd plur. ette älkää (älköötte)
3rd plur. eivät älkööt (älkööt)

Etymology 2[edit]

Shortened form of että.

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. (subordinating, colloquial) That.
Synonyms[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle French et, from Old French et, from Latin et.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /e/
  • Audio (France, Paris)(file)
  • Rhymes: -e
  • Homophone: ai

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. and

Descendants[edit]

  • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
  • → English: et

Usage notes[edit]

  • et is never subject to liaison with a following word, i.e. the t is never pronounced.

Further reading[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Ingrian[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

et

  1. second-person singular present of ei
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 32:
      Makkaa aina yksintää, siis et noise läsimää.
      Always sleep alone, so you don't get ill.

References[edit]

  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[4], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 128
  • Vitalij Chernyavskij (2005) Ižoran keel (Ittseopastaja)‎[5], page 11
  • Olga I. Konkova; Nikita A. Dyachkov (2014) Inkeroin Keel: Пособие по Ижорскому Языку‎[6], →ISBN, page 95

Italian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin et (“and; plus”).

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. (archaic, poetic) Alternative form of e

Anagrams[edit]

Latin[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Indo-European *éti or Proto-Indo-European *h₁eti. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἔτι (éti), Sanskrit अति (ati), Old English prefix ed- (“anew, again”). More at ed-.

Pronunciation[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. and
  2. (mathematics) plus
    Duo et duo sunt quattuor.
    Two plus two equals four.
  3. (literary) though, even if

Usage notes[edit]

  • When used in pairs, et...et may function like English both...and.

Quotations[edit]

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Eastern Romance:
    • Aromanian: e
    • Romanian: e
  • Franco-Provençal: et, e
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Emilian: e
    • Ligurian: e
    • Piedmontese: e
    • Romagnol: e
  • Italo-Dalmatian:
    • Corsican: e
    • Dalmatian: e
    • Istriot: e
    • Italian: e, ed
    • Neapolitan: e
    • Sicilian: e
  • Old French: et, e
    • Middle French: et
      • French: et
        • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
        • → English: et
    • Norman: et
    • Picard: et
    • Walloon: et, eyet
  • Old Occitan: e
    • Occitan: e
  • Rhaeto-Romance:
    • Friulian: e
    • Ladin: y
    • Romansch: e, ed
  • Sardinian: e
  • Venetian: e
  • West Iberian:
    • Extremaduran: i
    • Navarro-Aragonese: [Term?]
      • Aragonese: y
    • Old Leonese: [Term?]
      • Asturian: y, ya
      • Leonese: y
      • Mirandese: i
    • Old Portuguese: e
      • Fala: i
      • Galician: e
      • Portuguese: e
        • Guinea-Bissau Creole: i, e
        • Indo-Portuguese: e
        • Kabuverdianu: y, i, e
        • Papiamentu: i, y
    • Old Spanish: é, e
      • Ladino: i
      • Spanish: y

See also[edit]

Adverb[edit]

et (not comparable)

  1. also, too, besides, or likewise

References[edit]

  • et in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • et in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • et in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Livvi[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

et

  1. second-person singular indicative of ei

References[edit]

  • N. Gilojeva; S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 20
  • Olga Žarinova (2012) Pagizemmo Karjalakse [Let's speak Karelian], St Petersburg, →ISBN, page 142
  • Tatjana Boiko (2019), “ei”, in Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 38

Luxembourgish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *hit. Cognate with German es, English it, Dutch het.

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

et

  1. Reduced form of hatt (“she, her; it”)

Declension[edit]

Luxembourgish personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative reflexive
str. unstr. str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ech — mech — mir mer like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(informal) 		du de dech — dir der like dat. and acc.
2nd person singular
(formal) 		Dir Der Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech Iech [əɕ] Iech
3rd person singular m hien en hien en him em sech
f si se si se hir er sech
n hatt et ('t) hatt et ('t) him em sech
1st person plural mir mer eis (ons) — eis (ons) — eis (ons)
2nd person plural dir der iech iech [əɕ] iech iech [əɕ] iech
3rd person plural si se si se hinnen en sech

Middle Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

et

  1. Alternative form of het

Middle French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old French et.

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. and

Descendants[edit]

  • French: et
    • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
    • → English: et

Middle Low German[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

et

  1. Alternative form of it.

Declension[edit]

Middle Low German personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative genitive
1st person singular ik (ek) mî (mê, mik, mek) mîn (mîner)
2nd person singular dû dî (dê, dik, dek) dîn (dîner)
3rd person singular
m hê (hî, hie) ēne, en (ȫne, ȫn) ēme, em (ȫme, en) sîn (sîner)
n it (et)
f sê (sî, sie, sü̂) ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)
1st person plural wî (wê, wie) uns (ûs, ös, ü̂sik) unser (ûser)
2nd person plural gî (jê, î) jû (jûwe, û, jük, gik) jûwer (ûwer)
3rd person plural sê (sî, sie) em, öm, jüm (en, ēnen, ȫnen) ēre, ēr (ērer, ȫrer)

For an explanation of the forms in brackets see here.

Norman[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old French et, from Latin et.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Audio (Jersey)(file)

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. (Jersey) and
    • 2013 March 1, Geraint Jennings, “Mar martello”, in The Town Crier‎[7], page 20:
      Dans les clios étout nou vait des tracteurs et des machinnes tandi qu'lé travas du fèrmyi r'prend san rhythme coumme tréjous.
      In the fields tractors and machines can be seen too as farm work picks up again as always.

Noun[edit]

et m (plural ets)

  1. (Jersey) ampersand

Synonyms[edit]

Norwegian Bokmål[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Old Norse eitt, the nominative and accusative form of einn. The indefinite article was not used in Old Norse and was likely an influence from other Germanic languages.

Pronunciation[edit]

Article[edit]

et n (neuter indefinite article used with neuter nouns)

  1. a, an (the two English language indefinite articles; Old English had three genders: masculine, feminine, and neuter like modern Bokmål and Nynorsk)
Related terms[edit]
  • ei (feminine indefinite article)
  • en (masculine indefinite article)
  • ett (neuter form of cardinal number)

See also[edit]

  • eit (Nynorsk) (neuter indefinite article)

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

et

  1. imperative of ete

References[edit]

Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]

Verb[edit]

et

  1. present tense of eta and ete
  2. imperative of eta and ete

Old French[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin et

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /e/
    • The t in this word is merely an adoption of the Latin spelling and was never actually pronounced in Old French.

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. and

Descendants[edit]

  • Middle French: et
    • French: et
      • Mauritian Creole: e, ek
      • → English: et
  • Norman: et
  • Picard: et
  • Walloon: et, eyet

Old Norse[edit]

Verb[edit]

et

  1. inflection of eta:
    1. first-person singular present active indicative
    2. second-person singular present active imperative

Pipil[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Compare Classical Nahuatl etl (“bean”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

et (plural ehet)

  1. bean
    Xiccohua et pal ticmanat mozta
    Buy beans to boil tomorrow

Saterland Frisian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old Frisian et, hit, from Proto-Germanic *hit. Cognates include West Frisian it and Dutch het.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ət/
  • Hyphenation: et

Pronoun[edit]

et

  1. unstressed form of dät (“it”)

See also[edit]

Saterland Frisian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd m 3rd f 3rd n 1st 2nd 3rd
stressed iek du hie ju dät wie jie jo
unstressed er ze et ze
objective mie die him hier dät uus jou hier

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Marron C. Fort (2015), “et”, in Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht, Buske, →ISBN

Scots[edit]

Noun[edit]

et (plural ets)

  1. Shetland form of aet

References[edit]

Semai[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

et[1]

  1. they (3rd person plural pronoun)

Synonyms[edit]

See also[edit]

Semai personal pronouns
singular dual plural
1st person èng jaar (exclusive)
haar (inclusive) 		jiiq (exclusive)
hiiq (inclusive)
2nd person hèq / hèèq je'oot, jerkeeq, kééq keeq, ngkeeq / ngkééq
3rd person ijii, kééq / keeq ubay / ubaay et, ennaay, mambééq

References[edit]

  1. ^ Basrim bin Ngah Aching (2008) Kamus Engròq Semay – Engròq Malaysia, Kamus Bahasa Semai – Bahasa Malaysia, Bangi: Institut Alam dan Tamadun Melayu, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin et.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

et m (plural ets)

  1. ampersand
    Synonym: y comercial

Further reading[edit]

Tok Pisin[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From English eight.

Numeral[edit]

et

  1. eight

Usage notes[edit]

Used when counting; see also etpela.

Turkish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Ottoman Turkish ات‎ (et, “meat”), from Proto-Turkic *et (“meat”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

et (definite accusative eti, plural etler)

  1. meat

Declension[edit]

Inflection
Nominative et
Definite accusative eti
Singular Plural
Nominative et etler
Definite accusative eti etleri
Dative ete etlere
Locative ette etlerde
Ablative etten etlerden
Genitive etin etlerin
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular etim etlerim
2nd singular etin etlerin
3rd singular eti etleri
1st plural etimiz etlerimiz
2nd plural etiniz etleriniz
3rd plural etleri etleri
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular etimi etlerimi
2nd singular etini etlerini
3rd singular etini etlerini
1st plural etimizi etlerimizi
2nd plural etinizi etlerinizi
3rd plural etlerini etlerini
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular etime etlerime
2nd singular etine etlerine
3rd singular etine etlerine
1st plural etimize etlerimize
2nd plural etinize etlerinize
3rd plural etlerine etlerine
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular etimde etlerimde
2nd singular etinde etlerinde
3rd singular etinde etlerinde
1st plural etimizde etlerimizde
2nd plural etinizde etlerinizde
3rd plural etlerinde etlerinde
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular etimden etlerimden
2nd singular etinden etlerinden
3rd singular etinden etlerinden
1st plural etimizden etlerimizden
2nd plural etinizden etlerinizden
3rd plural etlerinden etlerinden
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular etimin etlerimin
2nd singular etinin etlerinin
3rd singular etinin etlerinin
1st plural etimizin etlerimizin
2nd plural etinizin etlerinizin
3rd plural etlerinin etlerinin

Uzbek[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Turkic *et.

Noun[edit]

et (plural etlar)

  1. flesh
  2. meat

Veps[edit]

Verb[edit]

et

  1. second-person plural present of ei

Walloon[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old French et.

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. and

Yola[edit]

Conjunction[edit]

et

  1. Alternative form of at (“that?”)

References[edit]

  • Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 38
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