1690s

The 1690s decade ran from January 1, 1690, to December 31, 1699.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	16th century 17th century 18th century
Decades:	1670s 1680s 1690s 1700s 1710s
Years:	1690 1691 1692 1693 1694 1695 1696 1697 1698 1699
Categories:	Births Deaths By country By topic Establishments Disestablishments

Events

1690

January–March

• January 2 – The Ottoman Empire defeats Serbian rebels and Austrian troops in battle at Kaçanik Gorge, prompting more than 30,000 Serb refugees to flee northward from Kosovo, Macedonia and Sandžak to the Austrian Empire.
• January 6 – At the age of 11 years old, Prince Joseph, son of Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor, is named as the "King of the Romans", the next in line to become the Emperor. Upon his father's death in 1705, Joseph becomes the new Holy Roman Emperor.
• January 7 – The first recorded full peal is rung, at St Sepulchre-without-Newgate in the City of London, marking a new era in change ringing.
• January 27 –
  • The crew of the ship HMS Welfare, commanded by John Strong, becomes the first European people to land at the Falkland Islands.
  • The Convention Parliament is dissolved in England.
• February 3 – The Massachusetts Bay Colony issues the first paper money in North America.
• February 6 – King William III of England calls for new elections for the 512-member House of Commons
• March 20 – The 2nd Parliament of William III and Mary II is assembled in London, split almost equally with 243 Whigs, 241 Tories, and 28 independent members.

April–June

• April 6 – Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor issues a document inviting Serbians to resettle in Hungary, at the time a part of the Empire.
• April 16 – An estimated 8.0 magnitude earthquake strikes in the Caribbean Sea less than 10 miles (16 km) from the island of Barbuda and also affects St. Kitts and Nevis, as well as Antigua.
• April 25 – The Parliament of Scotland passes an Act to abolish the Anglican Scottish Episcopy as separate from the jurisdiction of the Church of England. The presbyterian Church of Scotland continues to exist as a separate, non-Anglican denomination.
• April 27 – Sultan Toloko ibn-Sibori becomes the new Sultan of Ternate, located on the Maluku Islands in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) after the death of his father, Sultan Sibori Amsterdam.
• May 16 – The Battle of Port Royal takes place in Nova Scotia (in what is now Canada) after an invasion by a militia of 446 soldiers and 226 sailors from the Massachusetts Bay Colony (in what is now the United States) on seven warships. With only 90 French colonial soldiers to defend Port-Royal, Acadian Governor Louis-Alexandre des Friches de Menneval surrenders before the end of the day. The site is now Annapolis Royal.
• May 20 – England passes the Act of Grace, forgiving followers of the deposed James II.
• June 14 – King William III of England (William of Orange) lands in Ireland, to confront James II.
• June 8 – Siddi general Yadi Sakat razes the Mazagon Fort in Mumbai.

July–September

• July 10 – Battle of Beachy Head (also known as the Battle of Bévéziers): The Anglo-Dutch navy is defeated by the French, giving rise to fears of a Jacobite invasion of England.
• July 11 – Battle of the Boyne, north of Dublin: King William III of England (William of Orange) defeats the deposed James II, who returns to exile in France. The rebellion in Ireland continues for a further year until the Orange army gains full control.
• July 26 – A French landing party raids and burns Teignmouth in Devon, England. However, with the loss of James II's position in Ireland, any plans for a real invasion are soon shelved, and Teignmouth is the last French attack on England.
• August 24 – In India, the fort and trading settlement of Sutanuti (which later becomes Calcutta) is founded on the Hooghly River by the English East India Company, following the signing of an Anglo-Moghul treaty.
• September 25 – The only issue of Publick Occurrences is published in Boston, Massachusetts, before being suppressed by the colonial authorities.

October–December

• October 6–12 – Massachusetts Puritans, led by Sir William Phips, besiege the city of Quebec; the siege ends in failure.
• October 8 – Great Turkish War: The Ottomans recapture Belgrade.
• November 17 – Barclays, now a multinational bank and lending institution, is founded in London by John Freame and Thomas Gould as Freame & Gould. The bank changes its name in 1736 when James Barclay becomes a partner.
• December 13 – The planet Uranus is first sighted and recorded, by England's first Astronomer Royal, John Flamsteed, who mistakenly catalogs it as a star 34 Tauri. Sir William Herschel identifies the object more than 90 years later as the seventh planet after confirming its gradual change of position, making his observation on March 13, 1781.
• December 20 – Tsar Peter the Great decrees that the Russian calendar will have the New Year's Day to start on January 1 rather than September 1, effective January 1, 1692. On the Russian calendar (which still used the Julian system at that time, 10 days behind the Gregorian calendar which would be adopted more than 200 years later), 1691 began on what would now be considered September 11, 1690.
• December 29 – An earthquake hits Ancona, in the Papal States of Italy and causes ten deaths.

Date unknown

• Serbian Patriarch Arsenije III Carnojevic leads the first of the two Great Serbian Migrations into the Habsburg Empire, following Ottoman atrocities in Kosovo.
• The Hearth Tax is abolished in Scotland, one year after its abolition in England and Wales.
• French physicist Denis Papin, while in Leipzig and having observed the mechanical power of atmospheric pressure on his 'digester', builds a working model of a reciprocating steam engine for pumping water, the first of its kind, though not efficient.
• Giovanni Domenico Cassini observes differential rotation within Jupiter's atmosphere.
• The Barrage Vauban, a defensive work in the city of Strasbourg (in present-day France), is completed.
• Possible year of the disappearance of the western part of the island of Buise, in St. Peter's Flood.

1691

January–March

• January 6 – King William III of England, who rules Scotland and Ireland as well as being the Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, departs from Margate to tend to the affairs of the Netherlands.
• January 14 – A fleet of ships carrying 827 Spanish Navy sailors and marines arrives at Manzanillo Bay on the island of Hispaniola in what is now the Dominican Republic and joins 700 Spanish cavalry, then proceeds westward to invade the French side of the island in what is now Haiti.
• January 15 – King Louis XIV of France issues an order specifically prohibiting play of games of chance, specifically naming basset and similar games, on penalty of 1,000 livres for the first offense.
• January 23 – Spanish colonial administrator Domingo Terán de los Ríos, most recently the governor of Sonora y Sinaloa on the east side of the Gulf of California, is assigned by the Viceroy of New Spain to administer a new province that governs lands on both sides of the Río Bravo del Norte, "Coahuila y Tejas", and effectively becomes the first Governor of Texas.
• March 5 – Nine Years' War: French troops under Marshal Louis-Francois de Boufflers besiege the Spanish-held town of Mons.
• March 20 – Leisler's Rebellion: A new governor arrives in New York – Jacob Leisler surrenders, after a standoff of several hours.
• March 29 – The Siege of Mons ends in the city's surrender.

April–June

• April 9 – A fire at the Palace of Whitehall in London destroys its Stone Gallery.
• May 6 – The Spanish Inquisition condemns and forcibly baptizes 219 Xuetas in Palma, Majorca. When 37 try to escape the island, they are burned alive at the stake.
• May 16 – Jacob Leisler is hanged for treason.
• June 23 – Ahmed II (1691–1695) succeeds Suleiman II (1687–1691), as Ottoman Emperor.

July–September

• July 12
  • Pope Innocent XII becomes the 242nd pope, succeeding Pope Alexander VIII.
  • Williamite War in Ireland – Battle of Aughrim: Protestant Williamite forces, led by Godert de Ginkell, decisively defeat Jacobites under the Marquis de St Ruth (who is killed).
• August 11 –
• August 12 – The Battle of Slankamen takes place between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy Roman Empire and allies at Syrmia (now the Serbian province of Vojvodina), and 25,000 Ottomans are killed, including Köprülüzade Fazıl Mustafa Pasha, the Grand Vizier.
• September 18 – War of the Grand Alliance: English and Dutch forces are defeated by the French in the Battle of Leuze.

October–December

• October 3 – The Treaty of Limerick, ending the Williamite War in Ireland and guaranteeing civil rights to Roman Catholics, is signed (It was broken "before the ink was dry", according to a contemporary commentator). The Flight of the Wild Geese (the departure of the Jacobite army) follows.
• October 17 (October 7 Old Style) – In New England, the two separate colonies of Massachusetts Bay Colony and Plymouth Colony are united into a single entity, by an act of the King and Queen of England.
• November 26 – In Limerick, "A Form of Prayer and Thanksgiving to the Almighty God for the Preservation of Their Majesties, the Success of Their Forces in the reducing of Ireland, and for His Majesties Safe Return" is celebrated in all Anglican churches in Britain and Ireland by order by Archbishop Tillotson.
• December 6 – During the Morean War, Captain Luca Dalla Rocca of Naples betrays Venice by surrendering the fortress of Gramvousa, on the island of Crete to the Ottoman Turks, in return for a large amount of money and sanctuary in Istanbul.
• December 22 – Patrick Sarsfield and 19,000 troops of the Irish Army who had been supporters of the Jacobite Rebellion leave the country and relocate to France.

Date unknown

• Michel Rolle invents Rolle's theorem, an essential theorem of mathematics.
• The Khalkha submit to the Manchu invaders, bringing most of modern-day Mongolia under the rule of the Qing Dynasty.

1692

January–March

• January 24 – At least 75 residents of what is now York, Maine, United States, are killed in the Candlemas Massacre, carried out by French soldiers led by missionary Louis-Pierre Thury, along with a larger force of Abenaki and Penobscot Indians under the command of Penobscot Chief Madockawando during King William's War, between the French colonists and their indigenous allies, against the English colonists. At least 112 English survivors are captured and taken from the Maine District of the Province of Massachusetts Bay and forced to walk to French Canada, where they are held until Massachusetts captain John Alden pays a ransom.
• January 30 – English Army General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, a close adviser to King William III, is fired from all of his jobs by the English Secretary of State, the Earl of Nottingham, on orders of Queen Mary. He is later incarcerated briefly on charges of treason for allegedly contacting the dethroned King James II.
• February 13 – Massacre of Glencoe: The forces of Robert Campbell slaughter around 40 members of the Clan MacDonald of Glencoe in Scotland (from whom they have previously accepted hospitality), for delaying to sign an oath of allegiance to King William III of England.
• March 1 – The Salem witch trials begin in Salem Village, Massachusetts Bay Colony, with the charging of 3 women with witchcraft. Tituba, a slave owned by Samuel Parris, is the first to be arrested, and she implicates Sarah Good and Sarah Osborne, who are arrested later in the day. Osborne dies in prison in May, while Good is hanged in July; Tituba is set free after confessing to committing witchcraft.
• March 22 – The Kangxi Emperor of the Qing dynasty issues the Edict of Toleration, recognizing all the Roman Catholic Church, not just the Jesuits, and legalizing missions and their conversion of Chinese people.

April–June

• April 18 – Giles Corey, Mary Warren, Abigail Hobbs and Bridget Bishop, all residents of Salem, Massachusetts, are arrested and charged with the practice of witchcraft. Corey and Bishop are later executed, while Warren and Hobbs avoid a death sentence.
• May 29 (May 19 OS) – Nine Years' War: Battle of Barfleur – The Anglo-Dutch fleet breaks the French line off the Cotentin Peninsula, foiling the French plan to invade England.
• June 13–14 (June 3–4 OS) – Nine Years' War: Battle of La Hogue – The action begun at Barfleur ends with further destruction of the French fleet.
• June 7 – Jamaica earthquake: An earthquake and related tsunami destroy Port Royal, capital of Jamaica, and submerge a major part of it; an estimated 2,000 are immediately killed, 2,300 injured, and a probable additional 2,000 die from the diseases which ravage the island in the following months.
• June 8 – During a famine in Mexico City, an angry mob torches the Viceroy's palace and ignites the archives; most of the documents and some paintings are saved by royal geographer Carlos de Sigüenza y Góngora.
• June 10 – The Salem witch trials' first victim, Bridget Bishop, is hanged for witchcraft.

July–September

• July 1 – The siege of the strategically-located Belgian city of Namur in the Spanish Netherlands ends as Dutch General Menno van Coehoorn capitulates to King Louis XIV of France after five weeks. The siege, a battle in the ongoing Nine Years War, had begun on May 24.
• July 5 – Wine shop owner Antoine Savetier and his wife are murdered by thieves in the French city of Lyon, and a peasant named Jacques Aymar-Vernay is called in as a detective to solve the case. Aymar follows clues to a nearby town, Beaucaire, and finds one of the perpetrators, Joseph Arnoul, who confesses to the crime and implicates two accomplices who manage to escape. Arnoul is executed by being "broken on the wheel" on August 30.
• August 12 – The city of Ponce is founded in Puerto Rico,
• September 8 – An earthquake in Brabant of scale 5.8 is felt across the Low Countries, Germany and England.
• September 14 – Diego de Vargas leads Spanish colonists in retaking the city of Santa Fe, New Mexico, after a 12-year exile, following the Pueblo Revolt of 1680.
• September 19 – Giles Corey is pressed to death, in an attempt to coerce a confession from him of witchcraft during the Salem witch trials.
• September 22 – The last of those convicted of witchcraft in the Salem witch trials are hanged. By the end of September, 14 women and 5 men have been executed by hanging. The remainder of those convicted are all eventually released.

1693

January–March

• January 11 – 1693 Sicily earthquake: Mount Etna erupts, causing a devastating earthquake that affects parts of Sicily and Malta.
• February 8 – The College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia is granted a Royal charter.
• March 27 – Bozoklu Mustafa Pasha becomes the new Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, after Sultan Ahmed II appoints him as the successor of Çalık Ali Pasha.

April–June

• April 4 – Anne Palles becomes the last accused witch to be executed for witchcraft in Denmark, after having been convicted of using powers of sorcery. King Christian V accepts her plea not to be burned alive, and she is beheaded before her body is set afire.
• April 5 – The Order of Saint Louis, the first medal to be awarded in France to military personnel who are not members of nobility, is created by order of King Louis XIV, and named after his ancestor, King Louis IX.
• April 28 – The 90-gun English Royal Navy warship HMS Windsor Castle is wrecked beyond repair on the Goodwin Sands.
• April – Tituba, a slave who had been convicted at the Salem witch trials of practicing witchcraft after making a confession, is released from jail in Boston after 13 months when an unknown purchaser pays her jail fees.
• May 18 – Forces of Louis XIV of France attack Heidelberg, capital of the Electorate of the Palatinate.
• May 22 – Heidelberg is taken by the invading French forces; on May 23 Heidelberg Castle is surrendered, after which the French blow up its towers using mines.
• June 27 – Nine Years' War – Battle of Lagos off Portugal: The French fleet defeats the joint Dutch and English fleet.

July–September

• July 29 – Nine Years' War – Battle of Landen: William III of England is defeated by the French (with Irish Jacobite mercenaries).
• August 21 – The Indian Ocean port of Pondicherry, capital of French India is captured by a 17-ship fleet from the Netherlands and 1,600 men under the command of Laurens Pit the Younger.
• September 9 – Francesco Invrea, King of Corsica, begins a two-year term as the Doge of the Republic of Genoa in Italy, succeeding Giovanni Battista Cattaneo Della Volta.
• September 10 – France begins the siege of the Spanish Netherlands (now Belgium) fort of Charleroi.
• September 14 – King Louis XIV of France sends a letter to Pope Innocent XII announcing the rescission of the Declaration of the Clergy of France issued in 1682.
• September 23 – Manuel Afonso Nzinga a Nlenke, ruling as King Manuel I of the Kingdom of Kongo (in present-day northern Angola) is executed on orders of the new king, Álvaro X.

October–December

• October 4 – The Battle of Marsaglia is fought near Turin in the Duchy of Savoy, with a French force under the command of General Nicolas Catinat defeating the Savoyard forces and leaving 10,000 dead or wounded while sustaining only 1,000 casualties.
• October 11 – Charleroi falls to French forces.
• October – William Congreve's comedy The Double-Dealer is first performed in London.
• November 7 – King Charles II of Spain issues a royal edict providing sanctuary in Spanish Florida for escaped slaves from the English colony of South Carolina.
• November 14 – General Santaji Ghorpade of the Maratha Empire in India is defeated by General Himmat Khan of the Mughal Empire near Vikramhalli, and retreats. A week later, after regrouping his troops, Santaji defeats Himmat at their next encounter.
• November 21 – The 46-gun Royal Navy frigate HMS Mordaunt founders off of the coast of Cuba.
• November 29 – A fleet of 30 English and Dutch ships captures the French port of Saint-Malo
• December 16 – Diego de Vargas, Spanish colonial governor of Santa Fe de Nuevo México (now the area around the capital of the U.S. state of New Mexico, returns to the walled city of Santa Fe and requests the Pueblo people to accept the authority of the colonial government. Negotiations fail and a siege begins on December 29. The Pueblo defenders surrender the next day and the 70 rebels are executed soon after. The 400 civilian women and children are made slaves and distributed to the Spanish colonists.
• December 27 – The new 80-gun English Navy warship HMS Sussex departs Portsmouth on its maiden voyage, escorting a fleet of 48 warships and 166 merchant ships to the Mediterranean Sea. The fleet runs into a storm on February 27, 1694, and on March 1, Sussex and 12 other warships sink, along with a cargo of gold.

Date unknown

• China concentrates all its foreign trade on Canton; European ships are forbidden to land anywhere else.
• A religious schism takes place in Switzerland, within a group of Swiss and Alsatian Anabaptists led by Jakob Ammann. Those who follow Ammann become the Mennonite Amish sect.
• The Knights of the Apocalypse are formed in Italy.
• The Academia Operosorum Labacensium is established in Ljubljana, Slovenia.
• Financier Richard Hoare relocates Hoare's Bank (founded 1672) from Cheapside to Fleet Street in London.
• Italian barber Giovanni Paolo Feminis creates a perfume water called Aqua Admirabilis, earliest known form of eau de Cologne.
• John Locke publishes his influential book Some Thoughts Concerning Education.
• William Penn publishes his proposal for European federation, Essay on the Present and Future Peace of Europe.
• Dimitrie Cantemir presents his Kitâbu 'İlmi'l-Mûsiki alâ Vechi'l-Hurûfât (The Book of the Science of Music through Letters) to Sultan Ahmed II, which deals with melodic and rhythmic structure and practice of Ottoman music, and contains the scores for around 350 works composed during and before his own time, in an alphabetical notation system he invented.

1694

January–March

• January 16 – Francesco Morosini, the Doge of Venice since 1688, dies after ruling the Republic for more than five years and a few months after an unsuccessful attempt to capture the island of Negropont from the Ottoman Empire during the Morean War.
• January 18 – Sir James Montgomery of Scotland, who had been arrested on January 11 for conspiracy to restore King James to the throne, escapes with the aid of the two persons guarding him and flees to France, arriving in Paris on February 15.
• January 21 (January 11 O.S.) – The Kiev Academy, now the national university of Ukraine, receives official recognition by Ivan V, Tsar of Russia.
• January 28 – Pirro e Demetrio, an opera by Alessandro Scarlatti, is given its first performance, debuting at the Teatro San Bartolomeo in Naples. The opera is adapted in 1708 in London as Pyrrhus and Demetrius and becomes the second most popular opera in 18th century London.
• January 29 – French missionary Jean-Baptiste Labat arrives in the "New World", landing at the Caribbean island of Martinique.
• February 5 – The ship Ridderschap van Holland is lost at sea, departs the Cape of Good Hope (at South Africa) with a crew of 300, with a destination in the Dutch East Indies of Batavia (now Jakarta in Indonesia), normally a voyage of two months. It never arrives and is never seen again.
• February 6 – The colony of Quilombo dos Palmares, created by rebel African slaves in Brazil, is destroyed by the bandeirantes, colonial troops under the command of Domingos Jorge Velho. After a successful attack on its capital, Cerca do Macaco, the last King of Dos Palmares, Zumbi, flees after a reign of more than 13 years, but is later captured and executed on November 20, 1695.
• February 26 – Silvestro Valier is elected as the new Doge of Venice to replace the late Francesco Morosini
• March 1 – The HMS Sussex treasure fleet of thirteen ships is wrecked in the Mediterranean off Gibraltar, with the loss of approximately 1,200 lives.

April–June

• April 2 – Sheikh Yusuf, exiled by the administrators of the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), arrives at the Dutch Cape Colony on the ship De Voetboog, at what is now Cape Town, South Africa, along with two wives, two concubines and 12 children. Resettled by the colonial government at a farm in Zandvliet, the Sheikh introduces Islam to South Africa.
• April 7 – The English Navy's 40-gun warship, HMS Ruby, captures the French privateer Entreprenant in battle. The confiscated ship is renamed HMS Ruby Prize.
• April 12 – The French ship Diligente, commanded by René Duguay-Trouin, covers the escape of a convoy of ships that he is escorting, but then is surrounded and attacked by six Royal Navy ships led by David Mitchell. Most of the Diligente crew is lost in the battle, and Duguay-Trouin is captured.
• April 27 – Frederick Augustus of Wettin, later known as "Augustus the Strong" and the future King of Poland, becomes the new Elector of Saxony upon the death of his 25-year-old older brother, John George IV
• May 27 – Taking advantage of a fog, the French Army, with 24,000 troops, fights the Battle of Torroella against and equally large Spanish Army force on the banks of the Ter River in Spain, near the strategically-important city of Girona during the Nine Years' War. The Spaniards suffer 3,000 casualties, while the French sustain 500.
• June 24 – The Tunisian–Algerian War begins as Algerian troops cross into Tunisia.
• June 29 – The Battle of Texel is fought near the Dutch island of Texel, one of the West Frisian Islands. The French Navy force of 8 ships, commanded by Jean Bart, locates and rescues three French ships that had been captured by the Dutch Republic in late May. Bart fights a larger force commanded by Hidde Sjoerds de Vries, who dies of his wounds after being captured.

July–September

• July 27 – The Bank of England is founded through Royal charter by the Whig-dominated Parliament of England, following a proposal by Scottish merchant William Paterson to raise capital, by offering safe and steady returns of interest guaranteed by future taxes. A total of £1.2 million is raised for the war effort against Louis XIV of France by the end of the year, to establish the first-ever government debt.
• August 6 – The coronation of Sultan Husayn of the Safavid dynasty as the Shah of Persia (now Iran) takes place in Isfahan, eight days after the death of his father Suleiman I.
• August 24 – The Dictionnaire de l'Académie française, the first official dictionary of the French language, is presented by Jacques de Tourreil and Academy members on behalf of the Académie française to King Louis XIV. The King tells the group "Puisque tant d'habiles gens y ont travaillé, je ne doute pas qu'il soit très beau et très utile pour la langue." ("Since so many clever people have worked on it, I have no doubt that it is very beautiful and very useful for the language.")
• September 5 – The Great Fire of Warwick breaks out in England and destroys half the town. Donors raise £110,000 toward disaster relief, with Queen Anne contributing £1,000.

October–December

• October 19 – A major windstorm begins and continues for several days, spreading the Culbin Sands over a large area of farmland in the Scottish Highlands in the County of Moray and burying the now-abandoned village of Culbin.
• October 23 – British/American colonial forces, led by Sir William Phips, fail to seize Quebec from the French.
• October 25 – Queen Mary II of England founds the Royal Hospital for Seamen at Greenwich.
• November 12 – The Army of Algeria captures Tunis, the capital of Tunisia, after a siege of three months, bringing an end to the Tunisian–Algerian War after a little more than four months. Mohamed Bey El Mouradi, the Bey of Tunis, flees southward while Prince Muhammad ben Cheker of Tunisia becomes the new Dey on behalf of the Dey of Algiers, Hadj Ahmed.
• December 3 – The Parliament of England passes the Triennial Act, requiring general elections every three years.
• December 6 – Thomas Tenison is appointed Archbishop of Canterbury.
• December 28 – Queen Mary II of England dies of smallpox aged 32, leaving her husband King William III to rule alone but without an heir. Since he is also without a royal hostess, Mary's sister Princess Anne is summoned back to court (having been banished after an unseemly row with the queen), as his official heiress.

Date unknown

• The Lao empire of Lan Xang unofficially ends.
• The notorious voyage of the English slave ship Hannibal (part of the Atlantic slave trade out of Benin) ends with the death of nearly half of the 692 slaves aboard.
• Rascians establish the settlement which will become Novi Sad on the Danube.

1695

January–March

• January 7 (December 28, 1694 old style) – The United Kingdom's last joint monarchy, the reign of husband-and-wife King William III and Queen Mary II comes to an end with the death, from smallpox, of Queen Mary, at the age of 32. Princess Mary, the daughter of King James II, had been installed as the monarch along with her husband and cousin, Willem Hendrik von Oranje, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, in 1689 after James was deposed by Willem during the "Glorious Revolution".
• January 14 (January 4 old style) – The Royal Navy warship HMS Nonsuch, with 36 cannons and a special fast-sailing design, is captured near England's Isles of Scilly by the 48-gun French privateer Le Francois. Nonsuch is then sold to the French Navy and renamed Le Sans Pareil.
• January 24 – Milan's Court Theater is destroyed in a fire.
• January 27 – A flotilla of six Royal Navy warships under the command of Commodore James Killegrew aboard HMS Plymouth captures two French warships, the Content and the Trident, the day after the French ships had mistaken the English fleet to be a group of merchant ships to attack.
• February 6 – Mustafa II (1664 – 1703) succeeds his uncle, Ahmed II as Sultan of the Ottoman Empire.
• March 10 – Almost all French Army soldiers in a column of 1,300 troops, commanded by Brigadier General Urbain Le Clerc de Juigné, are killed or captured in the Battle of Sant Esteve d'en Bas against a smaller Spanish Empire force led by Ramon de Sala i Saçala. The battle, taking place during the War of the Grand Alliance in what is now Catalonia sees 260 of de Juigne's troops killed and 826 becoming prisoners of war. The Spanish side suffers only seven deaths.
• March 7 – John Trevor, Speaker of the English House of Commons, is expelled from the House by vote of the members, after being found guilty of accepting a bribe of 1000 pounds sterling from the City of London Corporation.
• March 14 – Paul Foley is elected as the new Speaker of the House after the expulsion of John Trevor.
• March 26 – John Hungerford is expelled from the English House of Commons when members vote to find him guilty of accepting a bribe in return for using his committee chairmanship to promote the pending Orphans Bill.

April–June

• April 17 – The House of Commons of England decides not to renew the Licensing Order of 1643, and states its reasoning, beginning with "Because it revives, and re-enacts, a Law which in no-wise answered the End for which it was made" The lifting of censorship creates a more open society, and an explosion of print results. Within 30 years, the number of printing houses in England increases from 20 to 103.
• April 22 – Sürmeli Ali Pasha is fired from his position as Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, after coming into a disagreement with the new Sultan, Mustafa II. Sürmeli is initially sent into exile, but executed on the Sultan's orders on May 29.
• April 27 – Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700): Russia begins the Azov campaigns (1695–96) against the Ottoman Empire, with 31,000 troops departing to the Ottoman fortress at Azov on the Don River. Tsar Peter the Great marches with the troops but grants himself the rank of a bombardier sergeant within the Preobrazhenskii Regiment, with an "unwillingness to accept high rank in either army or navy until he felt he had earned it by training and experience." The Russian forces begin their siege on July 15 (July 5 O.S.) but after more than three months, the siege is discontinued and a new campaign begins on May 3, 1696, ending with the Turkish surrender on July 29.
• May 18 – The 7.8 magnitude Linfen earthquake in Shanxi Province, Qing Dynasty kills over 50,000 people.
• June 24 – The Commission of Enquiry into the Massacre of Glencoe in Scotland in 1692 reports to the Parliament of England, blaming Sir John Dalrymple, Secretary of State over Scotland, and declares that a soldier should refuse to obey a "command against the law of nature".

July–September

• July 12 – The Siege of Namur begins in the Spanish Netherlands (now Belgium)
• July 15 – The siege of the Ottoman fortress at Azaq by the Russian Army begins but is unsuccessful and is discontinued after October 2 (September 22 O.S.)
• July 17 – The Bank of Scotland is founded.
• August 8 – The Wren Building is started in Williamsburg, Virginia (completed in 1700).
• August 13–15 – Nine Years' War: Brussels is bombarded by French troops.
• September 1 – Nine Years' War: France surrenders Namur, Spanish Netherlands to forces of the Grand Alliance, led by King William III of England, Stadtholder of the Dutch Republic, following the 2-month Siege of Namur.
• September 7 – English pirate Henry Every perpetrates one of the most profitable raids in history, with the capture of the Grand Mughal ship Ganj-i-Sawai. In response, Emperor Aurangzeb threatens to put an end to all English trading in India.
• September 24 – All but eight of the remaining 305 crew of the Royal Navy ship HMS Winchester (1693) are killed when the ship founders in the Florida Keys. According to the ship's logbook, an epidemic of yellow fever began on August 1 and had killed 45 people before the hurricane struck, and left all but seven crew members too ill to walk.

October–December

• October 11 – King William III of England dissolves Parliament in the wake of a scandal involving former Speaker of the House of Commons John Trevor and other Tory MPs.
• October 25 – The 48-gun English Navy ship HMS Berkeley Castle is captured by the French Navy.
• November 22 – The new Parliament, with 513 members of the House of Commons is opened by King William III. Commons is composed of 257 Whigs (who hold a majority of one), 203 Tories and 53 members of other parties or independents.
• December 31 – A window tax is imposed in England. Some windows are bricked up to avoid it.

Date unknown

• English manufacturers call for an embargo on Indian cloth, and silk weavers picket the House of Commons of England.
• A £2 fine is imposed for swearing in England.
• After 23 years of construction, Spain completes Castillo de San Marcos to protect St. Augustine, Florida, from foreign threats.
• After many years of construction, the Potala Palace in Lhasa is completed.
• Gold is discovered in Brazil.
• Johanne Nielsdatter is executed for witchcraft, the last such confirmed execution in Norway.
• In Amsterdam, the bank Wed. Jean Deutz & Sn. floats the first sovereign bonds on the local market. The scheme is designed to fund a 1.5 million guilder loan to the Holy Roman Emperor. From this date on, European leaders commonly take advantage of the low interest rates available in the Dutch Republic, and borrow several hundred millions on the Dutch capital market.
• The Great Famine of 1695–1697 begins as the Great Famine of Estonia (1695–97) in Swedish Estonia and spreads across Finland, Latvia, Norway and Sweden, while the "seven ill years" of famine in Scotland are ongoing.

1696

January–March

• January 21 – The Recoinage Act, passed by the Parliament of England to pull counterfeit silver coins out of circulation, becomes law.
• January 27 – In England, the ship HMS Royal Sovereign (formerly HMS Sovereign of the Seas, 1638) catches fire and burns at Chatham, after 57 years of service.
• January 31 – In the Netherlands, undertakers revolt after funeral reforms in Amsterdam.
• January – Colley Cibber's play Love's Last Shift is first performed in London.
• February 8 (January 29 old style) – Peter the Great who had jointly reigned since 1682 with his mentally-ill older half-brother, Tsar Ivan V, becomes the sole Tsar of Russia when Ivan dies at the age of 29.
• February 15 – A plot to ambush and assassinate King William III of England, in order to restore King James and the House of Stuart to the throne. The plot is foiled when the King cancels his usual plan to return from a hunting trip by way of the road between Turnham Green and Brentford. The King's guard is alerted by the Earl of Portland, William Bentinck, who had been approached on February 13 by Sir Thomas Prendergast.
• February 23 – A royal proclamation is issued to arrest suspected Jacobite conspirators who had plotted the assassination of King William III, including gunman Robert Charnock and organizers George Barclay, and Sir John Fenwick. Barclay eludes capture, but Charnock and Fenwick are executed.
• March 7 – King William III of England departs from the Netherlands.
• March 9 – Spanish missionaries in the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México in North America first learn of plans for a revolt among the Pueblo Indians and send warnings to the Governor, asking for Spanish troops. The uprising begins on June 4.
• March 18 – Robert Charnock, who had been arrested for the Jacobite plot to kill King William is hanged at the Tower of London.

April–June

• April 23 – Russo-Turkish War (1686–1700): Russia begins the second of the Azov campaigns (1695–96).
• April – A fire destroys the Gra Bet (Left Quarter) of Gondar, the capital of Ethiopia. The fire starts "in the house of a prostitute" and destroys many buildings, including the churches of St. George, Takla Haymanot and Iyasu.
• May 31 – John Salomonsz is elected chief of Sint Eustatius in the Caribbean Netherlands.
• June 4 – A second Pueblo Revolt occurs in Santa Fe de Nuevo México. The Tiwas of Taos and Picuris, the Tewas of San Ildefonso and Nambe, the Tanos of Jemez and San Cristobal, and the Keres of Santo Domingo and Cochiti attack during the full moon and kill 21 Spanish civilians and five priests.
• June 12 – China's Kangxi Emperor leads troops in the Battle of Jao Modo (about 37 miles (60 km) from the modern Mongolain capital, Ulan Bator and defeats 5,000 Mongolian troops of the Dzungar Khanate, under the command of Galdan Boshugtu Khan. Galdan escapes capture.
• June 17 – The throne of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth becomes vacant with the death of Jan Sobieski, prompting a competition between Friedrich Augustus, Elector of Saxony and Prince François Louis of France to compete under the Commonwealth's "Golden Liberty" system for an elective monarchy of the new King by the nobility. Jerzy Albrecht Denhoff, the Grand Chancellor, remains the head of the Polish-Lithuanian government during the vacancy of the ceremonial throne.

July–September

• July 18 – Azov campaign: The Russian fleet occupies Azov at the mouth of the river Don.
• July 29 – King Louis XIV of France and Victor Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, sign the Treaty of Turin, ending Savoy's involvement in the Nine Years' War.
• August 13 – The Dutch state of Drenthe makes William III of Orange its Stadtholder.
• August 22 – Forces of the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire clash near Andros.
• August 29 – The Treaty of Turin between France and the Duchy of Savoy, ending Savoy's participation in the Nine Years' War. In return for Savoy's withdrawal from the Grand Alliance and the dismantling of its fortifications at Pinerolo, France returns all parts of Savoy captured during the war.
• September 8 – The Parliament of Scotland passes the Education Act 1696, providing for locally-funded, Church-supervised schools to be established in every parish in Scotland.
• September 11 – England's Royal Navy scuttles and deliberately sinks its 32-gun battleship HMS Sapphire in the Bay Bulls Harbour in Newfoundland, rather than let it be captured by the French Navy following a disastrous battle.
• September 17 – On Canada's Hudson Bay, in what is now the province of Manitoba, the English Navy recaptures the York Factory from France, three years after the French had captured it and renamed the site "Fort Bourbon".

October–December

• October 7 – The Convention of Vigevano is signed, bringing a general ceasefire in Italy and an end to the Nine Years' War between France and the remaining members of the Grand Alliance (the Holy Roman Empire and Spain.
• October 20 – The Imperial Russian Navy is founded on the recommendation of Tsar Peter the Great and approval by the Russian Parliament, the Duma.
• November 21 – John Vanbrugh's play The Relapse, or Virtue in Danger is first performed in London.
• November 25 – In England, the House of Commons approves the bill of attainder to convict Sir John Fenwick of high treason for plotting to lead the assassination of and coup d'etat against King William III, on its third and final reading, voting 187 to 161 in favor of conviction. The measure then moves to the House of Lords.
• November 30 – Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville captures and destroys St. John's, Newfoundland after a three-day siege.
• December 7 – Connecticut Route 108, one of Connecticut's oldest highways is laid-out to Trumbull.
• December 19 – Jean-François Regnard's verse comedy Le Joueur ("The Gamester") premieres in Paris.
• December 23 – By a vote of 66 to 60, the English House of Lords narrowly approves the bill of attainder for the conviction of Sir John Fenwick for high treason. The measure then moves to the House of Lords. Fenwick is beheaded on January 28, 1697.
• December 24 – The Inquisition in Portugal carries out the sentence of burning at the stake against several Marrano Jews in Évora.

Date unknown

• The Great Famine of 1695–1697 wipes out almost a third of the population of Finland, while the Great Famine of Estonia (1695–97) takes out a fifth of the population of Estonia; and the "seven ill years" of famine in Scotland are ongoing.
• Polish replaces Ruthenian as an official language of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
• Abington, Pennsylvania, is settled.
• William Penn offers an elaborate plan for intercolonial cooperation largely in trade, defense, and criminal matters.
• Edward Lloyd (coffeehouse owner) probably begins publication of Lloyd's News, a predecessor of Lloyd's List, in London.

1697

January–March

• January 8 – Scottish student Thomas Aikenhead is hanged outside Edinburgh, becoming the last person in Great Britain to be executed for blasphemy.
• January 11 – French writer Charles Perrault, through publisher Claude Barbin, releases the book Histoires ou contes du temps passé (literally "Tales of Past Times"), known in England as "Mother Goose tales") in Paris, a collection of popular fairy tales, including Cinderella, Puss in Boots, Red Riding Hood, The Sleeping Beauty and Bluebeard.
• February 8 – The English infantry regiment of Arthur Chichester, 3rd Earl of Donegall is disbanded four years after it was first raised. Donegall will raise a second regiment in 1701.
• February 22 – Gerrit de Heere becomes the new Governor of Dutch Ceylon (primarily the coast, but not the interior of modern Sri Lanka), succeeding Thomas van Rhee and administering the colony for almost six years until his death.
• February 26 – Spanish conquistador Martín de Ursúa y Arizmendi and 114 soldiers arrive at Lake Petén Itzá in what is now Guatemala and begin the conquest of the Mayas with an attack on the capital of the Itza people there before moving northward to the Yucatan peninsula.
• March 9 – Grand Embassy of Peter the Great: Tsar Peter the Great of Russia sets out to travel in Europe incognito, as Artilleryman Pjotr Mikhailov.
• March 13 – The Spanish conquest of Petén, and of Yucatán, is completed with the fall of Nojpetén, capital of the Itza Maya Kingdom, the last independent Maya state.
• March 22 – Charles II of Spain issues a Royal Cedula extending to the indigenous nobles of the Spanish Crown colonies, as well as to their descendants, the preeminence and honors customarily attributed to the Hidalgos of Castile.
• March 26 – Safavid occupation of Basra: Safavid government troops take control of Basra.

April–June

• April 5 – Charles XII, the Swedish Meteor, becomes king of Sweden at age 14 on the death of his father, Charles XI.
• April 23 – As Chinese troops from the Manchu Dynasty (ruled by the Emperor Kangxi) complete their conquest of Mongolia, Galdan Boshugtu Khan, ruler of the last part of Mongolia to be conquered, the Dzungar Khanate, poisons himself, ending the resistance to conquest.
• May 6 – General Bernard Desjean, Baron de Pointis of France carries out an attack and pillaging on the Spanish fort of Cartagena de Indias (now the city of Cartagena in Colombia) with 1,200 soldiers and 650 pirate mercenaries and overwhelms the city over the next 18 days. The Baron cheats the pirates and reneges on a contract to share the wealth, and the pirates come back to Cartagena a second time and makes a more violent attack.
• May 17 (May 7 Old Style) – The 13th century royal Tre Kronor ("Three Crowns") castle in Stockholm burns to the ground. A large portion of the royal library is destroyed.
• June 10 – The last mass execution for witchcraft in western Europe when five Paisley witches are hanged and then burned in Scotland.
• June 27 – Augustus II the Strong is elected King of Poland after converting to Roman Catholicism on June 2.
• June 30 – The earliest reported first-class cricket match takes place in Sussex in England. The Foreign Post of July 7, 1697, notes that "The middle of last week a great match at cricket was played in Sussex; there were eleven of a side, and they played for fifty guineas apiece".

July–September

• July 4 – A Byzantine icon, the "Weeping Madonna of Pócs, arrives in Vienna after a five-month journey following its forced removal from the Hungarian village of Pócs by order of the Holy Roman Emperor, Leopold I. It has been housed for more than 320 years in St. Stephen's Cathedral.
• July 6 – A major naval battle takes place between the Republic of Venice and the Ottoman Empire with each side having 25 battleships, supplemented by smaller vessels. The Venetian Navy, under the command of Admiral Bartolomeo Contarini, suffers 71 deaths and 163 injuries, and even worse casualties in a second engagement on September 20. The extent of Turkish casualties is not reported.
• July 27 – Mahmud Shah II, the Sultan of Johor and Pahang (now part of Malaysia) takes on full power upon the death of the regent, the Bendahara Paduka Raja. Mahmud II was only 10 years old when he became the Sultan upon the assassination of his father, Ibrahim Shah in 1685.
• July 28 – The opera Vénus et Adonis, composed by Henri Desmarets with libretto by Jean-Baptiste Rousseau, receives its first performance, premiering at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris. After 250 years of obscurity, it will be revived in 2006.
• August 10 – The Siege of Barcelona, ends in Spain after 52 days as Louis Joseph, Duke of Vendôme of France obtains the surrender of Barcelona from the Austrian General, Prince George of Hesse-Darmstadt.
• September 5 (August 25 old style) – During the Nine Years' War, the Battle of Hudson's Bay is fought between English and French ships in Hudson Bay near what is now the Canadian province of Manitoba; The French warship Pélican captures York Factory, a trading post of the English Hudson's Bay Company in modern-day Manitoba (Canada).
• September 11 – Battle of Zenta: Prince Eugene of Savoy crushes the Ottoman army of Mustafa II, and effectively ends Turkish hopes of recovering lost ground in Hungary.
• September 17 – Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha becomes the new Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire in the wake of the disastrous Ottoman defeat at Zenta, replacing Grand Vizier Elmas Mehmed Pasha, who was killed in the battle by his own troops.
• September 20 – The Treaty of Ryswick is signed by France and the Grand Alliance, to end both the Nine Years' War and King William's War. The conflict having been inconclusive, the treaty is proposed because the combatants have exhausted their national treasuries. Louis XIV of France recognises William III as King of England & Scotland, and both sides return territories they have taken in battle. In North America, the treaty returns Port-Royal (Acadia) to France. In practice, the treaty is little more than a truce; it does not resolve any of the fundamental colonial problems, and the peace lasts only five years.

October–December

• October 7 – The opera Issé, composed by André Cardinal Destouches with libretto by Antoine Houdar de la Motte, premieres at the Palace of Fontainebleau in France.
• October 16 – The Norwegian Code, promulgated by King Christian V of Denmark for Norway in 1687, is amended to provide for torture of condemned criminals in certain capital offenses in Norway, with permission for burning with hot irons, or cutting off the prisoner's right hand while the prisoner is being transported for decapitation.
• October 19 – Misión Loreto, the first Roman Catholic mission on Mexico's Baja California Peninsula, is founded by Spanish missionary Juan María de Salvatierra.
• October 24 – The first opéra-ballet, combining elements of both mediums of entertainment, is performed as L'Europe galante makes its debut at the Salle du Palais-Royal in Paris. Composed by André Campra, with libretto by Antoine Houdar de la Motte, the opera and ballet is conducted by Marin Marais.
• October 30 – The Nine Years' War, between France and the Grand Alliance (England, Spain, Austria, and the Dutch Republic) comes to an end with the signing of the signing of the last pacts of the Peace of Ryswick in the Dutch city of Rijswijk as Leopold I of Austria accedes two days before a deadline that had been set by the other members of the Grand Alliance. The areas of the Duchy of Lorraine (Lotharingen), Freiburg im Breisgau, and Vieux-Brisach (Breisach) are returned by France to Leopold's control.
• November 18 – Robert Bedingfield, a high-ranking member of the Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors, is knighted in England by King William III.
• November 24 – The elaborate burial of the late King Charles XI of Sweden takes place more than seven months after his April 5 death, with interment at the Riddarholmen Church on the island of Riddarholmen near Stockholm.
• November 30 – Prince Eugene of Savoy, a field marshal within the Holy Roman Empire, purchases a large tract of land in Vienna for construction of the Belvedere Palace.
• December 2 – First service (to celebrate the Treaty of Ryswick) held in St Paul's Cathedral since rebuilding work after the Great Fire of London began.
• December 7 – Louis, Duke of Burgundy, and Marie Adélaïde of Savoy marry in the royal chapel at the Palace of Versailles in France.
• December 8 – Tsangyang Gyatso is installed in Tibet as the 6th Dalai Lama in a ceremony at Lhasa, filling a vacancy that had existed since 1682.
• December 11 – A ball in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles is held to celebrate the Duke of Burgundy and Marie Adélaïde's wedding.
• December 14 – The coronation ceremony takes place for King Charles XII of Sweden.

Date unknown

• The Manchus of the Qing dynasty conquer Outer Mongolia.
• The British government passes the Trade with Africa Act 1697 (An Act to settle the Trade to Africa), confirming the Royal African Company's loss of monopoly on the Atlantic slave trade.
• Christopher Polhem starts Sweden's first technical school.
• Heinrich Escher, Mayor of Zürich, introduces chocolate to Switzerland from Brussels.
• The use of "litters" (wheel-less transports that carried by four servants) increases in Europe.

1698

January–March

• January 1 – The Abenaki tribe and the Massachusetts colonists sign a treaty, ending the conflict in New England.
• January 4 – The Palace of Whitehall in London, England is destroyed by fire.
• January 23 – George Louis (who in 1714 will become King George I of Great Britain) becomes Elector of Hanover upon the death of his father, Ernest Augustus. Because the widow of Ernest Augustus, George's mother Sophia, was heiress presumptive as the cousin of Anne, Queen of Great Britain, and Anne's closest eligible heir, George will become King of Great Britain.
• January 30 – William Kidd, who initially seized foreign ships under authority as a privateer for the British Empire before becoming a pirate, becomes an outlaw and uses his ship, the Adventure Galley, to capture a French an Indian ship, the valuable Quedagh Merchant, near India.
• February 17 – In what is now the Tamil Nadu state of India, the Maratha Empire fort at Gingee falls after a siege of almost nine years by the Mughal Empire as King Rajaram escapes to safety. General Swarup Singh Bundela, who led the scaling of the fortress walls and Gingee's capture, is rewarded by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb with command of the area.
• March 8 – The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, the oldest Anglican mission organization in the world, is founded by English clergyman Thomas Bray and four other people at Lincoln's Inn in London, along with Sir Humphrey Mackworth, Maynard Colchester, Lord Guilford and John Hooke.
• March – English Bishop Jeremy Collier publishes his pamphlet A Short View of the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stage, accusing several contemporary playwrights of undermining public morality in their popular comedies by using profanity, blasphemy and indecency.
• March – Samuel Cranston becomes the governor of the Colony of Rhode Island and Providence Plantations (now the U.S. state of Rhode Island) and goes on to serve for the next 29 years until his death on April 26, 1727.

April–June

• April 1 – Scottish pirate Captain Kidd, and his crew arrive at Île Sainte-Marie off of the coast of Madagascar in Kidd's Adventure Galley and bringing with them the cargo of the captured ships Quedagh Merchant and Rouparelle. Upon arrival, all but 13 of Kidd's crew desert to work for another pirate, Robert Culliford. The Adventure Galley, which is leaking and falling apart, sinks and the Rouparelle is sunk by the deserters. Kidd and his 13 henchmen depart on Quedah Merchant.
• May 1 – The Banishment Act of 1697 goes into effect for Roman Catholic church officials in Ireland, having been the deadline for all "popish archbishops, bishops, vicars general, deans, jesuits, monks, friars, and other regular popish clergy" to have reported to Irish ports for deportation. Re-entry to Ireland after May 4, 1698, is a criminal offense with a penalty of 12 months imprisonment and expulsion, while a second re-entry is punishable by death as treason.
• May 4 – At the imperial capital at Inwa, Sanay Min of the Toungoo dynasty becomes the new King of Burma upon the death of his father, Minye Kyawhtin.
• June 21 – John Churchill, Earl of Marlborough is reinstated in the English Army, after a period in disgrace, with readmission to the Privy Council by King William III. On July 26, he is selected as one of the Lords Justice.
• June 24 – The Trade with Africa Act 1697 goes into effect in the British Empire, ending the monopoly of the Royal African Company in the African slave trade by opening trade to any English merchants who pay a 10 percent fee to the company.

July–September

• July 7 – The English House of Commons is dissolved, and new elections are held between July 19 and August 10 for a parliament to be summoned on August 24.
• July 14 – Darien scheme: The first Scottish settlers leave for an ill-fated colony in Panama.
• July 25 – English engineer Thomas Savery obtains a patent for a steam pump.
• August 24 – King William III opens the newly elected House of Commons at Westminster.
• August 25 – Peter the Great arrives back in Moscow; General Patrick Gordon has already crushed the Streltsy Uprising, with 341 rebels sentenced to be decapitated (tradition holds that tsar Peter decapitated some of them himself).
• September 5 –
  • In an effort to move his people away from Asiatic customs, Tsar Peter I of Russia imposes a tax on beards: all men except priests and peasants are required to pay a tax of either 100 or 60 rubles a year, depending upon status; peasants are required to pay two half kopecks each time they enter a city.
  • A charter is granted by King William III of England to the new East India Company of England, called "the New Company" or "the English Company" to break the monopoly that has existed in India since 1689 with the existing British East India Company, after lobbying by traders who were not members of the B.E.I.C.

October–December

• October 11 – The Treaty of the Hague is signed between the Dutch Republic, England and France.
• October 24 – Iberville and Bienville sail from Brest to the Gulf of Mexico, to defend the southern borders of New France; they will eventually found three capitals of Louisiana (New France), as the future American cities of Mobile, Biloxi & New Orleans.*
• November 14 – The first Eddystone Lighthouse, built off Plymouth, England, is illuminated.
• November 16 – A congress begins in Sremski Karlovci to discuss a treaty between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy League.
• November – Tani Jinzan, astronomer and calendar scholar, observes a fire destroy Tosa (now Kōchi) in Japan at the same time as a Leonid meteor shower, taking it as evidence to reinforce belief in the "Theory of Areas".
• December 8 – King William III of England issues a proclamation of "our most gracious pardon unto all such pirates in the East Indies, viz., all eastward of the Cape of Good Hope, who shall surrender themselves for piracies or robberies committed by them upon sea or land" before April 30, 1699 to Captain Thomas Warren, but specifically "excepting Henry Every, alias Bridgman, and William Kidd.
• December 9 – Francis Nicholson becomes the new British colonial governor of Virginia, succeeding Sir Edmund Andros. Nicholson had previously been the royal governor of Maryland since 1694.
• December 12 – In Africa, Mombasa (referred to at the time as Fort Jesus, and now part of Kenya )falls under control of the Emirate of Oman, with Imam Sa'if ibn Sultan as the first Omani Governor.

Date unknown

• Bucharest becomes the capital of Wallachia (part of modern-day Romania).
• In Africa, Zanzibar is captured by Oman.
• The Whigs sponsor Captain Kidd of New York as a privateer against French shipping.
• Humphrey Hody is appointed regius professor of Greek at Oxford.

1699

January–March

• January 20 – The Parliament of England (under Tory dominance) limits the size of the country's standing army to 7,000 'native born' men; hence, King William III's Dutch Blue Guards cannot serve in the line. By an Act of February 1, it also requires disbandment of foreign troops in Ireland.
• January 26 – The Republic of Venice, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Holy Roman Empire sign the Treaty of Karlowitz with the Ottoman Empire, marking an end to the major phase of the Ottoman–Habsburg wars, including the Morean War between Venice and the Ottomans. The Ottoman Turks cede to Austria all their former territories in Transylvania, Slavonia, Croatia and the whole of Hungary, except for the Banat of Temeswar. The Peloponnese and Dalmatia are ceded to Venice. Large parts of the Ukraine are ceded to Poland. The treaty marks a major geopolitical shift, as the Ottoman Empire subsequently abandons its expansionism and adopts a defensive posture while the Habsburg Monarchy expands its influence.
• January 26 – A magnitude 9.0 earthquake strikes the Pacific Northwest of North America.
• February 4 – 350 rebellious Streltsy are executed in Moscow.
• March 2 – The Edinburgh Gazette is first published in Scotland.
• March 4 – Jews are expelled from Lübeck, Germany.

April–June

• April 13 – The 10th Sikh Master, Guru Gobind Singh, creates the Khalsa at Anandpur Sahib.
• May 1 – Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville founds the first European settlement in the Mississippi River Valley, at Fort Maurepas (Ocean Springs, Mississippi).
• May 10 – Billingsgate Fish Market in London is sanctioned as a permanent institution, by an Act of Parliament, with the provision "that after the tenth of May, 1699, Billingsgate Market should be, every day in the week except Sunday, a free and open market for all sorts of fish, and that it should be lawful for any person to buy or sell any sort of fish without disturbance." The Nineteenth Century (Henry S. King & Company, 1883) p. 146
• June 11 – England, France and the Dutch Republic agree on the terms of the Treaty of London (1700) (Second Partition Treaty) for Spain.
• June 14 – Thomas Savery demonstrates his first steam pump to the Royal Society of London.

July–September

• July 6 – Pirate Captain William Kidd is arrested and imprisoned in Boston, Massachusetts.
• July 26 – William Dampier's expedition to New Holland (Australia), in HMS Roebuck, reaches Dirk Hartog Island, at the mouth of what he calls Shark Bay in Western Australia, and he begins producing the first known detailed record of Australian flora and fauna.
• August 25 – Christian V, King of Denmark–Norway since 1670, dies and is succeeded by his son, Frederick IV (to 1730).
• September 22 – Citizens of Rotterdam, Netherlands strike over the high price of butter.

October–December

• October 3 – The Liverpool Merchant, the first slave ship from the port of Liverpool in England, departs to imprison captured West Africans and transport them to the British colonies, arriving in Barbados on September 18, 1700 with 220 slaves.
• October 11 – The opera Marthésie, première reine des Amazones (Marthesia, First Queen of the Amazons), composed by André Cardinal Destouches, is performed for the first time, premiering at Fontainebleau near Paris
• October – An edict by King Louis XIV establishes an office of police magistrate in almost ever village in France, with the title of lieutenant general de police created, providing for nationwide law enforcement.
• November 22 – The Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye, negotiated by Johann Patkul, is signed at a palace of the Tsar of Russia Peter the Great, and representatives of Augustus the Strong, Elector of Saxony, King of Poland and Elector of Saxony to provide for the partition of Swedish Empire between Saxony, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, the Kingdom of Denmark and the Russia Empire. The attack on Sweden, which takes place on February 22, starts the Great Northern War that will last for more than 21 years.
• December 3 – Baron Jacob Hop is appointed as the treasurer-general of The Hague.
• December 20 – Peter the Great orders the Russian New Year changed, from 1 September to 1 January.

Births

1690

Francesco Maria Veracini

Rev. Samuel Phillips

• January 22 – Nicolas Lancret, French painter (d. 1743)
• February 1 – Francesco Maria Veracini, Italian composer (d. 1768)
• February 3 – Richard Rawlinson, English minister, antiquarian (d. 1755)
• February 17 – Samuel Phillips (reverend), colonial American minister, 1st Pastor of the South Church in Andover (d. 1771)
• March 18 – Christian Goldbach, Prussian mathematician (d. 1764)
• April 22 – John Carteret, 2nd Earl Granville, English statesman (d. 1763)
• September 12 – Peter Dens, Belgian Catholic theologian (d. 1775)
• October 28 – Peder Tordenskjold, Norwegian naval hero (d. 1720)
• October 29 – Martin Folkes, English antiquarian (d. 1754)
• November 24 – Charles Theodore Pachelbel, German composer (d. 1750)
• November 29 – Christian Augustus of Anhalt-Zerbst, father of Catherine II of Russia (d. 1747)
• December 1 – Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke, Lord Chancellor of England (d. 1764)
• December 22 – Meidingu Pamheiba, King of Manipur (d. 1751)
• date unknown – Thomas Carter, Irish politician (d. 1763)

1691

Richard Challoner

• February 27 – Edward Cave, English editor and publisher (d. 1754)
• March 12 – Dionisia de Santa María Mitas Talangpaz, Filipino saint (b. 1732)
• April 5 – Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt (d. 1768)
• April 9 – Johann Matthias Gesner, German classical scholar (d. 1761)
• June 17 – Giovanni Paolo Pannini, Italian painter and architect (d. 1765)
• August 25 – Alessandro Galilei, Italian architect, mathematician (d. 1737)
• September 29 – Richard Challoner, English Catholic prelate (d. 1781)
• October 1 – Arthur Onslow, English politician (d 1768)

1692

Elisabeth Farnese

• February 25 – Karl Ludwig von Pöllnitz, German adventurer and writer (d. 1775)
• February 29 – John Byrom, English poet (d. 1763)
• April 5 – Adrienne Lecouvreur, French actress (d. 1730)
• April 8 – Giuseppe Tartini, Italian composer and violinist was born in Piran (d. 1770)
• April 22 – James Stirling, Scottish mathematician (d. 1770)
• May 18 – Joseph Butler, English bishop and philosopher (d. 1752)
• August 3 – John Henley, English minister (d. 1756)
• August 18 – Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon, Prime Minister of France (d. 1740)
• October 25 – Elisabeth Farnese, queen of Philip V of Spain (d. 1766)
• November 2 – Unico Wilhelm van Wassenaer, Dutch composer (d. 1766)
• November 6 – Louis Racine, French poet (d. 1763)
• November 15 – Eusebius Amort, German Catholic theologian (d. 1775)
• November 21 – Carlo Innocenzo Frugoni, Italian poet (d. 1768)

1693

John Harrison

• February 7 – Empress Anna of Russia (d. 1740)
• February 24 – James Quin, English actor (d. 1766)
• March 5 – Johann Jakob Wettstein, Swiss theologian (d. 1754)
• March 7 – Pope Clement XIII (d. 1769)
• March 16 – Malhar Rao Holkar, Indian nobleman (d. 1766)
• March 24 – John Harrison, English clockmaker (d. 1776)
• April 3 – George Edwards, English naturalist (d. 1773)
• June 17 – Johann Georg Walch, German theologian (d. 1775)
• July 21 – Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1768)
• August 8 – Laurent Belissen, French composer (d. 1762)
• September 3 – Charles Radclyffe, British politician (d. 1746)
• September 21 – Thomas Secker, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1768)
• November 22 – Louise Élisabeth de Bourbon, daughter of Louis (d. 1775)
• date unknown – Heyat Mahmud, Bengali poet (d. 1760)

1694

Voltaire

• April 25 – Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington, English architect (d. 1753)
• May 11 – Princess Maria Theresia of Liechtenstein (d. 1772)
• June 4 – François Quesnay, French economist (d. 1774)
• June 26 – Georg Brandt, Swedish chemist and mineralogist (d. 1768)
• June 27 – John Michael Rysbrack, Flemish sculptor (d. 1770)
• July 4 – Louis-Claude Daquin, French composer (d. 1772)
• August 5 – Leonardo Leo, Italian composer (d. 1744)
• August 8 – Francis Hutcheson, Irish philosopher (d. 1746)
• August 26 – Elisha Williams, American rector of Yale College (d. 1755)
• September 22 – Philip Stanhope, 4th Earl of Chesterfield, English statesman and man of letters (d. 1773)
• September 25 – Henry Pelham, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1754)
• October 26 – Johan Helmich Roman, Swedish composer (d. 1758)
• November 16 – Isabella Simons, banker in the Austrian Netherlands (d. 1756)
• November 21 – Voltaire, French philosopher (d. 1778)
• November 28 – Leopold, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen (d. 1728)
• December 22 – Hermann Samuel Reimarus, German philosopher and writer (d. 1768)
• August 25 – Alyson Scarfe, infamous Ryhillian.

1695

Pietro Locatelli

• February 2 – William Borlase, English naturalist (d. 1772)
• February 6 – Nicolaus II Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician (d. 1726)
• March 9 – Martín Sarmiento, Spanish scholar and writer (d. 1772)
• March 15 – Alexander Joseph Sulkowski, Polish and Saxon general (d. 1762)
• April 8 – Johann Christian Günther, German poet (d. 1723)
• May 2 – Giovanni Niccolò Servandoni, French architect and painter (d. 1766)
• May 3 – Henri Pitot, French engineer (d. 1771)
• June 6 – Adriaan Valckenier, Dutch Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (1737-1741) (d. 1751)
• September 3 – Pietro Locatelli, Italian composer (d. 1764)
• September 5 – Carl Gustaf Tessin, Swedish politician (d. 1770)
• October 5 – John Glas, Scottish minister (d. 1773)
• November 10 – John Bevis, English physician and astronomer (d. 1771)
• date unknown – Hedvig Catharina De la Gardie, Swedish salonnière (d. 1745)
  • Cai Wan, politically influential Chinese poet (d. 1755)

1696

Giovanni Battista Tiepolo

• January 5 – Giuseppe Galli-Bibiena, Italian architect, painter (d. 1757)
• March 5 – Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, Italian painter (d. 1770)
• March 27 – Antoine Court, French Huguenot minister (d. 1760)
• April 2 – Francesca Cuzzoni, Italian operatic soprano (d. 1778)
• June 11 – Francis Edward James Keith, Scottish soldier and Prussian field marshal (d. 1758)
• June 27 – William Pepperrell, English colonial soldier (d. 1759)
• July 14 – William Oldys, English antiquarian and bibliographer (d. 1761)
• July 24 – Benning Wentworth, colonial governor of New Hampshire (d. 1770)
• July 27 – Samuel Whittemore, American farmer and oldest known colonial combatant of the American Revolution (d. 1793)
• August 2 – Mahmud I, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1754)
• August 12 – Maurice Greene, English composer (d. 1755)
• September 27 – Alphonsus Liguori, Italian founder of the Redemptorist Order (d. 1787)
• October 10 – Chen Hongmou, Chinese scholar and philosopher (d. 1771)
• October 13 – John Hervey, 2nd Baron Hervey, English statesman and writer (d. 1743)
• November 2 – Conrad Weiser, Pennsylvania's ambassador to the Iroquois Confederacy (d. 1760)
• December 22 – James Oglethorpe, English general and founder of the state of Georgia as a colony (d. 1785)
• date unknown
  • Christine Kirch, German astronomer (d. 1782)
  • Carlo Zimech, Maltese priest and painter (d. 1766)

1697

William Hogarth

• January 30 – Johann Joachim Quantz, German flautist and composer (d. 1773)
• February 24 – Bernhard Siegfried Albinus, German anatomist (d. 1770)
• March 8? – Anne Bonny, Irish-born pirate (d. after 1721)
• March 9 – Friederike Caroline Neuber, German actress (d. 1760)
• May 10 – Jean-Marie Leclair, French violinist and composer (k. 1764)
• August 6 – Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1745)
• October 7 – Canaletto, Italian artist (d. 1768)
• October 22 – Catharina von Schlegel, German hymn writer (d. after 1768)
• October 26 – John Peter Zenger, German American newspaper printer (d. 1746)
• November 10 – William Hogarth, English artist (d. 1764)

1698

Pierre Louis Maupertuis

• January 3 – Metastasio, (b. Pietro Antonio Domenico Trapassi), Italian poet and opera librettist (d. 1782)
• February – Colin Maclaurin, Scottish mathematician (d. 1746)
• February 16 – Pierre Bouguer, French mathematician, geophysicist, geodesist, and astronomer (d. 1758)
• March 26 – Václav Prokop Diviš, Czech priest, scientist and inventor (d. 1765)
• May 8 – Henry Baker, English naturalist (d. 1774)
• May 17 – Gio Nicola Buhagiar, Maltese painter (d. 1752)
• July 17 – Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis, French mathematician (d. 1759)
• July 19 – Johann Jakob Bodmer, Swiss author (d. 1783)
• September 6 – Jean Thurel, French soldier (d. 1807)
• September 26 – William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of Devonshire (d. 1755)
• November 4 – Caleb Fleming, English dissenting minister, polemicist (d. 1779)
• November 28 – Charlotta Frölich, Swedish agronomist (d. 1770)
• December 24 – William Warburton, English critic and Bishop of Gloucester (d. 1779)
• date unknown
  • Bernard Forest de Bélidor, French engineer (d. 1761)
  • William Moraley, English-American indentured servant and autobiographer, a primary source for life in the Province of Pennsylvania (d. 1762)
  • Baal Shem Tov, Polish rabbi and founder of the Hasidic movement of Judaism.

1699

Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin

• March 23 – John Bartram, American botanist (d. 1777)
• March 25 – Johann Adolph Hasse, German composer (d. 1783)
• April 17 – Robert Blair, Scottish poet and cleric (d. 1746)
• May 13 – Marquis of Pombal, Prime Minister of Portugal (d. 1782)
• May 14 – Hans Joachim von Zieten, Prussian field marshal (d. 1786)
• June 26 – Marie Thérèse Rodet Geoffrin, French salon holder (d. 1777)
• October 13 – Jeanne Quinault, French actress and playwright (d. 1783)
• November 2 – Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin, French painter (d. 1779)
• November 25 – Pierre Subleyras, French painter (d. 1749)
• November 30 – King Christian VI of Denmark (d. 1746)
• December 19 – William Bowyer, English printer (d. 1777)

Deaths

1690

David Teniers the Younger

Giovanni Legrenzi

Hieronymus van Beverningh

• January 3 – Hillel ben Naphtali Zevi, Lithuanian rabbi (b. 1615)
• February 6 – Jan van Buken, Flemish painter (b. 1635)
• February 7 – Sir William Morice, 1st Baronet, English royalist statesman (b. c. 1628)
• February 9 – John Louis, Count of Nassau-Ottweiler (b. 1625)
• February 22 – Charles Le Brun, French artist (b. 1619)
• February 23 – Elizabeth Walker, English pharmacist (b. 1623)
• March 18 – Sir William Portman, 6th Baronet, English politician (b. 1643)
• April 16 – Gesina ter Borch, Dutch Golden Age painter (b. 1633)
• April 18 – Charles V, Duke of Lorraine, Austrian-born general of the Holy Roman Empire (b. 1643)
• April 20 – Duchess Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria (b. 1660)
• April 21 – Jacob de Graeff, member of the De Graeff-family from the Dutch Golden Age (b. 1642)
• April 25 – David Teniers the Younger, Flemish artist (b. 1610)
• April 28 – Étienne Le Hongre, French sculptor (b. 1628)
• May 9
  • Theodore Haak, German-born scholar (b. 1605)
  • Abraham Wright, English theological writer and deacon (b. 1611)
• May 21 – John Eliot, English Puritan missionary (b. 1604)
• May 26 – Samuel Lincoln, American colonial ancestor of Abraham Lincoln (b. 1622)
• May 27 – Giovanni Legrenzi, Italian composer (b. 1626)
• July 1
  • Frederick Schomberg, 1st Duke of Schomberg (b. 1615)
  • George Walker, Irish soldier and Anglican priest (b. 1645)
• July 21
  • Gregorio Carafa, Calabrian-born 62nd Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1615)
  • Cristobal of Saint Catherine, Spanish Catholic priest (b. 1638)
• August 10 – Johannes Spilberg, Dutch painter (b. 1619)
• August 20 – Alexander von Bournonville, Flemish noble and general (b. 1616)
• September 2 – Philip William, Elector Palatine, German-born ruler (b. 1615)
• September 5 – Gottfried Welsch, German physician (b. 1618)
• October 3 – Robert Barclay, Scottish writer (b. c. 1648)
• October 7 – Jacques Savary, successful French merchant (b. 1622)
• October 9 – Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton (b. 1663)
• October 15 – Juan de Valdés Leal, Spanish painter and etcher (b. 1622)
• October 17 – Margaret Mary Alacoque, French mystic (b. 1647)
• October 20 – Sir Henry Felton, 2nd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (b. 1619)
• October 23
  • Thomas Minor, American city founder (b. 1608)
  • Antonie Waterloo, Flemish painter (b. 1609)
• October 25 – Cornelius Hazart, Dutch Jesuit priest, polemical author (b. 1617)
• October 30 – Hieronymus van Beverningh, Dutch diplomat and politician (b. 1614)
• November 3 – Nicholas Delves, English politician (b. 1618)
• November 17 – Charles de Sainte-Maure, duc de Montausier, French soldier (b. 1610)
• December 16 – Louise Elisabeth of Courland, Landgrave of Hesse-Homburg (b. 1646)

1691

Aelbert Cuyp

Robert Boyle

• January 13 – George Fox, English founder of the Society of Friends (b. 1624)
• January 17 – Richard Lower, English physician (b. 1631)
• January 22 – Edward Master, English politician (b. 1610)
• January 23 – William Maurice, Prince of Nassau-Siegen (1679–1691) (b. 1649)
• February 1 – Pope Alexander VIII (b. 1610)
• February 8 – Carlo Rainaldi, Italian architect (b. 1611)
• February 19 – Sir Thomas Lee, 1st Baronet, English politician (b. 1635)
• March 5 – Jean-Jacques Renouard de Villayer, French postal pioneer (b. 1607)
• March 17 – Thomas Wynne, English personal physician of William Penn (b. 1627)
• March 29 – Nicolas Talon, French Jesuit (b. 1605)
• April 3 – Jean Petitot, Swiss enamel painter (b. 1607)
• April 23 – Jean-Henri d'Anglebert, French harpsichordist and composer (b. 1629)
• May 11 – Colonel John Birch, English soldier (b. 1615)
• May 16 – Jacob Leisler, German-born American colonist (b. 1640)
• May 23 – Adrien Auzout, French astronomer (b. 1622)
• May 29 – Cornelis Tromp, Dutch admiral (b. 1629)
• June 23 – Suleiman II, Sultan, Ottoman Empire (b. 1642)
• July 2 – Marc'Antonio Pasqualini, Italian opera singer and composer (b. 1614)
• July 12 – Marquis de St Ruth, French (killed at the Battle of Aughrim) (b. c. 1650)
• July 16 – François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de Louvois, French war minister (b. 1641)
• July 18 – Sir John Bowyer, 2nd Baronet, English politician (b. 1653)
• July 26 – Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle, English politician (b. 1630)
• July 30 – Daniel Georg Morhof, German writer and scholar (b. 1639)
• August 2 – Frederick I, Duke of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (1675–1691) (b. 1646)
• August 14 – Richard Talbot, 1st Earl of Tyrconnel, Irish rebel (b. 1630)
• August 19 – Adam Zrinski, Croatian count and military officer (b. 1662)
• August 29 – Sir Ralph Delaval, 1st Baronet, English politician (b. 1622)
• September 12 – John George III, Elector of Saxony (b. 1647)
• September 18
  • Charles Fane, 3rd Earl of Westmorland, Member of Parliament and House of Lords (b. 1635)
  • Giovanni Francesco Ginetti, nephew of Cardinal Marzio Ginetti (b. 1626)
• October 9 – William Sacheverell, English statesman (b. 1638)
• October 10 – Isaac de Benserade, French poet (b. 1613)
• October 11 – Israel Silvestre, French topographical etcher (b. 1621)
• October 18 – Christian I, Duke of Saxe-Merseburg, German noble (b. 1615)
• October 21 – Alexander Seton, 1st Viscount of Kingston (b. 1620)
• October 30 – Hermann of Baden-Baden, Imperial field marshal and president of the Hofkriegsrat (b. 1628)
• November 14 – Tosa Mitsuoki, Japanese painter (b. 1617)
• November 15 – Aelbert Cuyp, Dutch painter (b. 1620)
• December – Louis de Vanens, French alchemist and poisoner (b. 1647)
• December 3 – Katherine Jones, Viscountess Ranelagh, English scientist (b. 1615)
• December 8 – Richard Baxter, English clergyman (b. 1615)
• December 15 – Hendrik van Rheede, Dutch botanist (b. 1636)
• December 31
  • Robert Boyle, Anglo-Irish chemist (b. 1627)
  • Dudley North, English economist, merchant and politician (b. 1641)
• date unknown
  • Bárbara Coronel, Spanish stage actress (b. 1632)
  • Mariyam Kaba'afa'anu Rani Kilege, queen mother and regent of the Maldives
• probable – Elizabeth Polwheele, English playwright (b. c. 1651)

1692

Elias Ashmole

• January 23 – John Page, American politician (b. 1628)
• January 25 – Shubael Dummer, American Congregational church minister (b. 1636)
• February 6 – George Durant, attorney in the Province of Carolina (b. 1632)
• February 7 – Fernando de Valenzuela, 1st Marquis of Villasierra, Spanish noble (b. 1630)
• February 14 – Thomas Rosewell, English minister (b. 1630)
• March 3 – Countess Palatine Eleonora Catherine of Zweibrücken, sister of King Charles X of Sweden (b. 1626)
• April 22 – Tomás de la Cerda, 3rd Marquis of la Laguna, Spanish nobleman (b. 1638)
• April 23 – Edward Howard, 2nd Earl of Carlisle, English politician (b. 1646)
• May 3 – Edward Evelyn, British politician (b. 1626)
• May 9 – Albrecht of Saxe-Weissenfels, German prince (b. 1659)
• May 12 – Princess Luisa Cristina of Savoy, Princess of Savoy (b. 1629)
• May 14 – Robert Kirk, Scottish folklorist, Bible translator, Gaelic scholar (b. 1644)
• May 18 – Elias Ashmole, English antiquarian (b. 1617)
• May 31
  • Nicholas Dennys, English politician (b. 1616)
  • Thomas Jones, English politician and judge (b. 1614)
• June 3 – Marie de Bourbon, Countess of Soissons, wife of Thomas Francis (b. 1606)
• June 7 – Pierre Bailloquet, Jesuit missionary to the Canadian Indians (b. 1612)
• June 9 – Rebecca Rawson, Massachusetts heroine of the 1849 book Leaves from Margaret Smith's Journal (b. 1656)
• June 21 – Christian Louis I, Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin (1658–1692) (b. 1623)
• June 23 – Gerard Langbaine, English dramatic biographer and critic (b. 1656)
• July 19 – Rebecca Nurse, accused Massachusetts witch (b. 1621)
• July 23 – Gilles Ménage, French scholar (b. 1613)
• July 31 – William Harbord, British politician (b. 1635)
• August 1 – Sir John Carew, 3rd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (b. 1635)
• August 3 – James Douglas, Earl of Angus, Scottish nobleman and soldier (b. 1671)
• August 4 – Jean-Michel-d'Astorg Aubarède, Vicar Capitular of Pamiers (b. 1639)
• August 14 – Nicolas Chorier, French historian, lawyer and writer (b. 1612)
• August 19 – John Proctor, accused Massachusetts wizard (b. 1632)
• September 3 – David Ancillon, French Huguenot pastor and author (b. 1617)
• September 19 – Giles Corey, Massachusetts farmer and accused wizard (b. c. 1612)
• September 21 – Ermes di Colorêt, Italian poet, political figure (b. 1622)
• September 22 – Mary Eastey, accused American witch (b. 1634)
• October 12 – Giovanni Battista Vitali, Italian composer (b. 1632)
• October 23 – Alexander von Spaen, German general (b. 1619)
• November 6 – Gédéon Tallemant des Réaux, French writer (b. 1619)
• November 19
  • Thomas Shadwell, English poet and playwright (b. c. 1642)
  • Prince Georg Friedrich of Waldeck, Dutch general and German field marshal (b. 1620)
• November 21 – Henry Powle, English politician (b. 1630)
• December 3 – Henry Mildmay, English politician (b. 1619)
• December 9 – William Mountfort, English actor and dramatist (b. c. 1664)
• December 18 – Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff, German statesman (b. 1626)

1693

Mehmed IV

• January 6 – Mehmed IV, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1642)
• January 7 – Federico Visconti, Cardinal Archbishop of Milan (b. 1617)
• January 8 – Marguerite de la Sablière, French salonist and polymath (b. 1640)
• January 31 – Ahasuerus Fromanteel, English clockmaker (b. 1607)
• February 7 – Paul Pellisson, French writer (b. 1624)
• February 9 – William Turner, British politician (b. 1615)
• February 11 – John de Brito, Portuguese Jesuit missionary and martyr (b. 1647)
• February 13
  • Johann Caspar Kerll, German composer (b. 1627)
  • John Rashleigh, English politician (b. 1619)
• February 22 – Henrik Horn, Swedish military leader and noble (b. 1618)
• March 21 – Walter Chetwynd, English antiquary, politician (b. 1633)
• April 4 – Isaac Aboab da Fonseca, Portuguese Sephardic rabbi (b. 1605)
• April 5
  • Anne Marie Louise d'Orléans, Duchess of Montpensier, French writer (b. 1627)
  • Christian Scriver, German hymnwriter (b. 1629)
• April 9 – Roger de Rabutin, Comte de Bussy, French writer (b. 1618)
• April 17 – Rutger von Ascheberg, Courland-born soldier in Swedish service (b. 1621)
• April 20 – Claudio Coello, Spanish Baroque painter (b. 1642)
• April 30 – George Louis I, Count of Erbach-Erbach (1672–1693) (b. 1643)
• May 2 – Ernest, Landgrave of Hesse-Rheinfels and later of Hessen-Rheinfels-Rotenburg (b. 1623)
• May 3 – Claude de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, French courtier (b. 1607)
• May 13 – Thomas Jervoise, English politician (b. 1616)
• May 8 – Jan Verkolje, Dutch painter (b. 1650)
• May 25 – Madame de La Fayette, French writer (b. 1634)
• June 2 – John Wildman, English soldier and politician (b. c. 1621)
• June 3 – Camille de Neufville de Villeroy, Archbishop of Lyon (b. 1606)
• June 20 – Juliana of Hesse-Eschwege, German noblewoman (b. 1652)
• June 23 – Sir John Wittewrong, 1st Baronet, English parliamentarian (b. 1618)
• July 12
  • John Ashby, English admiral (b. c. 1640)
  • Johan Hadorph, Swedish director-general of the Central Board of National Antiquities (b. 1630)
• July 26
  • Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark, Queen of Sweden (b. 1656)
  • Johann Daniel Major, German professor of theoretical medicine (b. 1634)
• August 7 – John George II, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau (b. 1627)
• August 27 – Edward Rawson, American settler (b. 1615)
• September 12 – Lionel Copley, Colonial governor of Maryland (d. 1648)
• September 13 – Flavio Chigi, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1631)
• September 19 – Johann Weikhard von Valvasor, Slovenian nobleman and polymath (b. 1641)
• October 1 – Pedro Abarca, Spanish theologian (b. 1619)
• October 9 – Unshō, Japanese Buddhist scriptural commentator (b. 1604)
• October 17 – Charles Schomberg, 2nd Duke of Schomberg, English general (b. 1645)
• November 9 – Samuel Hales, Connecticut settler and politician (b. 1615)
• November 16 – Francis Marsh, Irish bishop (b. 1626)
• November 23 – Job Adriaenszoon Berckheyde, Dutch painter (b. 1630)
• November 24 – William Sancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1617)
• November 30 – Francesco Lorenzo Brancati di Lauria, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1612)
• December 12 – Countess Palatine Anna Magdalena of Birkenfeld-Bischweiler, Countess of Hanau-Lichtenberg (b. 1640)
• December 14 – Giuseppe Felice Tosi, Italian composer (b. 1619)
• December 16 – Jacques Rousseau, French painter (b. 1630)
• December 22 – Elisabeth Hevelius, Danzig astronomer (b. 1647)
• December 29 – Vere Fane, 4th Earl of Westmorland, England (b. 1645)
• date unknown – Lars Nilsson, Sami shaman in Sweden

1694

Mary II of England

• January 2 – Henry Booth, 1st Earl of Warrington, English politician (b. 1651)
• January 7 – Charles Gerard, 1st Earl of Macclesfield, English aristocrat and soldier (b. c.1618)
• January 10 – Andrew Balfour, Scottish doctor (b. 1630)
• January 16 – Francesco Morosini, Doge of Venice from 1688 to 1694 (b. 1619)
• January 19 – François Marie, Prince of Lillebonne, French nobleman and member of the House of Lorraine (b. 1624)
• February 1 – John Louis of Elderen, Bishop of Liege (b. 1620)
• February 4 – Natalya Naryshkina, Tsaritsa of Russia (b. 1651)
• February 17 – Antoinette du Ligier de la Garde Deshoulières, French writer (b. 1638)
• February 26 – Charles Scarborough, English physician, mathematician (b. 1615)
• March 5 – Vittoria della Rovere, Italian noble (b. 1622)
• March 12 – John Conant, English theologian, clergyman, and academic administrator (b. 1608)
• April 8 – Nicolás de Villacis, Spanish painter (b. 1616)
• April 12 – John Swinfen, English politician (b. 1613)
• April 16 – Claire-Clémence de Maillé-Brézé, French noblewoman (b. 1628)
• April 27 – John George IV, Elector of Saxony (b. 1668)
• May 24 – Anthony Cary, 5th Viscount of Falkland, English politician (b. 1656)
• June 2 – Gaspar Téllez-Girón, 5th Duke de Osuna, Spanish duke (b. 1625)
• June 17 – Philip Howard, English Catholic Cardinal (b. 1629)
• July 12 – Juan de Santiago y León Garabito, Spanish Catholic prelate, Bishop of Guadalajara and Bishop of Puerto Rico (b. 1641)
• August 8 – Antoine Arnauld, French philosopher and mathematician (b. 1612)
• August 22
  • Maria Sofia De la Gardie, Swedish countess and industrialist (b. 1627)
  • Bernard of Offida, Italian saint (b. 1604)
• September 10 – Thomas Lloyd, Quaker preacher of provincial Pennsylvania (b. 1640)
• October 15 – Samuel von Pufendorf, German jurist (b. 1632)
• November 22 – John Tillotson, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1630)
• November 25 – Ismaël Bullialdus, French astronomer (b. 1605)
• November 28 – Matsuo Bashō, Japanese poet (b. 1644)
• November 29 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian physician (b. 1628)
• December 2 – Pierre Puget, French artist (b. 1622)
• December 5 – William Beecher, English politician (b. 1628)
• December 7 – Tiberio Fiorilli, Italian-born actor (b. 1608)
• December 9 – Paolo Segneri, Italian Jesuit (b. 1624)
• December 11 – Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma from 1646 until his death (b. 1630)
• December 20 – Erasmus Finx, German polymath (b. 1627)
• December 28 – Queen Mary II of England, Scotland and Ireland (b. 1662)
• date unknown – Hafız Post, Turkish musician

1695

Christiaan Huygens

Mustafa II

• January 4 – François-Henri de Montmorency, duc de Luxembourg, Marshal of France (b. 1628)
• January 16 – Hans Adam Weissenkircher, Austrian painter (b. 1646)
• January 29 – Paul Hermann, German botanist (b. 1646)
• February 6 – Ahmed II of Turkey (b. 1643)
• February 14 – Georg von Derfflinger, field marshal in the army of Brandenburg-Prussia (b. 1606)
• February 18 – Sir William Phips, governor of Massachusetts (b. 1650)
• March 5 – Henry Wharton, English writer (b. 1664)
• April 3 – Melchior d'Hondecoeter, Dutch painter (b. c. 1636)
• April 5 – George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, English writer and statesman (b. 1633)
• April 6 – Richard Busby, English clergyman (b. 1606)
• April 13 – Jean de La Fontaine, French writer (b. 1621)
• April 17 – Juana Inés de la Cruz, Mexican nun, writer and poet (b. 1651)
• April 27 – John Trenchard, English statesman (b. 1640)
• April 28 – Henry Vaughan, Welsh poet (b. 1621)
• May 9 – Lambert van Haven, Danish architect (b. 1630)
• May 17 – Cornelis de Heem, Dutch painter (b. 1631)
• May 30 – Pierre Mignard, French painter (b. 1612)
• June 11 – André Félibien, French architect (b. 1619)
• July 8 – Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician and physicist who developed the wave theory of light (b. 1629)
• July 18 – Johannes Camphuys, Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies (b. 1634)
• August 2 – Mattia de Rossi, Italian painter (b. 1637)
• August 6
  • François de Harlay de Champvallon, Archbishop of Paris (b. 1625)
  • Thomas Moore, English politician (b. 1618)
• August 12 – Huang Zongxi, Chinese political theorist, philosopher, writer, and soldier (b. 1610)
• August 19 – Christopher Merret, English physician and scientist (b. 1614)
• August 20 – Giuseppe Francesco Borri, Italian alchemist (b. 1627)
• September – Thomas Tew, English pirate
• October 6 – Gustav Adolph, Duke of Mecklenburg-Güstrow and last Administrator of Ratzeburg (b. 1633)
• October 16 – William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford, member of England's House of Lords (b. 1626)
• October 17 – Arthur Rawdon, English Member of Parliament (b. 1662)
• October 19 – Johann Wilhelm Baier, German theologian (b. 1647)
• October 21 – Johann Arnold Nering, German architect (b. 1659)
• November 16 – Pierre Nicole, French Jansensist (b. 1625)
• November 20 – Zumbi, Brazilian leader of a runaway slave colony (b. 1655)
• November 21 – Henry Purcell, English composer (b. 1659)
• November 22 – Francis Nurse, husband of Rebecca Nurse (accused during the Salem Witch Trials of 1692), (b. 1618)
• November 28 – Anthony Wood, English antiquarian (b. 1632)
• November 29 – James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount Stair, Scottish lawyer and statesman (b. 1619)
• December 8 – Barthélemy d'Herbelot de Molainville, French orientalist (b. 1625)
• December 12 – Jacob Abendana, British rabbi (b. 1630)
• December 15 – Richard Hampden, English politician (b. 1631)
• December 24 – Louis Thomassin, French bishop and theologian (b. 1619)

1696

John III Sobieski

• January 11 – Charles Albanel, French missionary explorer in Canada (b. 1616)
• February – Ahom King Supaatphaa or Gadadhar Singha
• February 4 – Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton, English soldier (b. 1613)
• February 8 – Tsar Ivan V of Russia (b. 1666)
• February 19 – Giovanni Pietro Bellori, Italian art historian (b. 1613)
• March 14 – Jean Domat, French jurist (b. 1625)
• March 16 – Louis Laneau, French bishop active in the kingdom of Siam (b. 1637)
• March 17 – Élisabeth Marguerite d'Orléans, French noble (b. 1646)
• March 18 – Robert Charnock, English conspirator (b. c. 1663)
• March 25 – Henry Casimir II, Prince of Nassau-Dietz, Stadholder of Friesland and Groningen (b. 1657)
• April 17 – Marie de Rabutin-Chantal, marquise de Sévigné, French writer (b. 1626)
• April 27 – Simon Foucher, French polemicist (b. 1644)
• April 30 – Robert Plot, British naturalist (b. 1640)
• May 10 – Jean de La Bruyère, French writer (b. 1645)
• May 16 – Mariana of Austria, queen consort of Spain (b. 1634)
• May 26 – Countess Albertine Agnes of Nassau, Regent of Friesland, Groningen and Drenthe (1664–1679) (b. 1634)
• May 28 – William Gregory, English politician and judge (b. 1625)
• May 30 – Henry Capell, 1st Baron Capell, First Lord of the British Admiralty (b. 1638)
• May 31 – Heinrich Schwemmer, German music teacher and composer (b. 1621)
• June – Greta Duréel, Swedish noblewoman and bank fraud
• June 17 – John III Sobieski, King of Poland (b. 1629)
• June 24 – Philip Henry, English minister (b. 1631)
• July 11 – William Godolphin, English politician (b. 1635)
• August 2 – Robert Campbell of Glenlyon, Scottish military commander at the Massacre of Glencoe (b. 1630)
• September 4 – Celestino Sfondrati, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1644)
• September 9 – Princess Eleonore Erdmuthe of Saxe-Eisenach, Electress of Saxony (b. 1662)
• September 13 – Caleb Banks, English politician (b. 1659)
• September 24 – Sir Ralph Verney, 1st Baronet, of Middle Claydon, English Baronet (b. 1613)
• November 26 – Gregório de Matos, Brazilian poet and lawyer (b. 1636)
• December 4 – Meishō, empress of Japan (b. 1624)
• December 8 – Charles Porter, English-born judge (b. 1631)
• December 12 – John Hampden (1653–1696), English politician (b. 1653)
• December 13 – Georg Matthäus Vischer, Austrian cartographer (b. 1628)
• December 29 – Miguel de Molinos, Spanish mystic (b. 1628)
• date unknown – Daibhidh Ó Duibhgheannáin (b. 1651)

1697

Charles XI of Sweden

• January 8 – Thomas Aikenhead, Scottish student (hanged) (b. c. 1678)
• January 12 – Andrzej Stech, Polish painter (b. 1635)
• January 26 – Georg Mohr, Danish mathematician (b. 1640)
• January 28 – John Fenwick, English conspirator (b. c. 1645)
• February 4 – Adrien de Wignacourt, French 63rd Grandmaster of the Knights Hospitaller (b. 1618)
• February 5 – Esaias Fleischer, Danish priest (b. 1633)
• February 11 – Georg Händel, German musician (b. 1622)
• February 17 – Francis Dane, American colonial priest (b. 1615)
• March 1 – Francesco Redi, Italian physician (b. 1626)
• March 12 – Gaspar de la Cerda, 8th Count of Galve (b. 1653)
• March 19 – Nicolaus Bruhns, German organist and composer (b. 1665)
• March 26 – Godfrey McCulloch, Scottish politician and murderer (executed) (b. 1640)
• March 27 – Simon Bradstreet, English colonial magistrate (b. 1603)
• April 4 – Andrea Carlone, Italian painter (b. 1626)
• April 5 – King Charles XI of Sweden (b. 1655)
• April 8 – Niels Juel, Danish admiral (b. 1629)
• May 2 – Simon Henry, Count of Lippe-Detmold (1666–1697) (b. 1649)
• May 8 – Sir Richard Temple, 3rd Baronet, English Member of Parliament (b. 1634)
• May 24 – Johann Adolf I, Duke of Saxe-Weissenfels, German duke (b. 1649)
• June 3 – Silvius II Frederick, Duke of Württemberg-Oels (b. 1651)
• June 7 – John Aubrey, English antiquary and writer (b. 1626)
• June 10 – Francis Pemberton, English judge, Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench (b. 1624)
• June 12 – Ann Baynard, English natural philosopher (b. 1672)
• June 18 – Gregorio Barbarigo, Italian Catholic saint (b. 1625)
• June 19 – Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough, English diplomat (b. 1621)
• June 21 – Joseph Anthelmi, French ecclesiastical historian (b. 1648)
• July 18
  • Thomas Dolman, English politician (b. 1622)
  • António Vieira, Portuguese writer (b. 1608)
• July 30 – Lorentz Mortensen Angell, Norwegian merchant and landowner (b. 1626)
• August 5 – Jean-Baptiste de Santeul, French writer (b. 1630)
• November 8 – Samuel Enys, English politician (b. 1611)
• November 22 – Libéral Bruant, French architect (b. c. 1635)
• December 17 – Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland (b. 1653)
• December 20 – Frederick Charles, Duke of Württemberg-Winnental (b. 1652)
• December 31 – Lucas Faydherbe, Belgian sculptor and architect (b. 1617)
• date unknown – Karin Thomasdotter, Finnish official (b. 1610)

1698

Louis de Buade de Frontenac

• January 15 – Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington, Anglo-Irish nobleman, Lord High Treasurer of Ireland, Cavalier (b. 1612)
• January 10 – Louis-Sébastien Le Nain de Tillemont, French historian (b. 1637)
• January 22 – Frederick Casimir Kettler, Duke of Courland and Semigallia (b. 1650)
• January 23 – Ernest Augustus, Elector of Brunswick-Lüneburg (b. 1629)
• February 16 – Sir James Rushout, 1st Baronet, English politician (b. 1644)
• March 6 – Philip Sidney, 3rd Earl of Leicester, English politician (b. 1619)
• March 14 – Claes Rålamb, Swedish statesman (b. 1622)
• March 16 – Leonora Christina Ulfeldt, Danish countess (b. 1621)
• April 11 – Charles Morton, Cornish nonconformist minister (b. 1627)
• April 29 – Charles Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis, First Lord of the British Admiralty (b. 1655)
• May 15 – Marie Champmeslé, French actress (b. 1642)
• June 5 – Elizabeth Maitland, Duchess of Lauderdale, influential British noblewoman (b. 1626)
• June 11 – Balthasar Bekker, Dutch minister and author of philosophical and theological works (b. 1634)
• June 29 – Paluzzo Paluzzi Altieri degli Albertoni, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1623)
• June 30 – Charles Cheyne, 1st Viscount Newhaven, English Member of Parliament (b. 1625)
• July 13 – Charles Somerset, Marquess of Worcester, English politician (b. 1660)
• July 18 – Johann Heinrich Heidegger, Swiss theologian (b. 1633)
• August 14 – Francisco de Aguiar y Seijas, Spanish cleric and bishop (b. 1632)
• August 25 – Fleetwood Sheppard, English poet (b. 1634)
• August 31 – Miguel Jerónimo de Molina, Spanish prelate and bishop (b. 1638)
• September 13 (bur.) – John Huddleston, English Benedictine priest (b. 1608)
• October 11 – William Molyneux, Irish philosopher and writer (b. 1656)
• October 23 – David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl, German artist (b. 1628)
• November 4 – Rasmus Bartholin, Danish physician and scientist (b. 1625)
• November 13 – Johann, Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg (b. 1662)
• November 23 – César-Pierre Richelet, French grammarian and lexicographer (b. 1626)
• November 28 – Louis de Buade de Frontenac, Governor of New France (b. 1622)
• December 1 – Ferdinand Joseph, Prince of Dietrichstein, German prince (b. 1636)
• December 16 – Simone Pignoni, Italian painter (b. 1611)
• December 26 – Wolfgang Julius, Count of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein, German field marshal (b. 1622)
• date unknown
  • Nicholas Barbon, English economist (b. c. 1640)
  • Franciscus Mercurius van Helmont, Flemish alchemist (b. 1614)
• in fiction – Mircalla Karnstein, Countess of Karnstein (b. 1680)

1699

Jean Racine

• January 3 – Mattia Preti, Italian painter (b. 1613)
• January 14 – Federico Caccia, Cardinal Archbishop of Milan (b. 1635)
• January 21 – Obadiah Walker, English writer (b. 1616)
• January 23 – Kinoshita Jun'an, Japanese philosopher and Confucian scholar (b. 1621)
• January 27 – Sir William Temple, 1st Baronet, English statesman and essayist (b. 1628)
• February 1
  • Thomas Chicheley, English politician (b. 1614)
  • Manuel Fernández de Santa Cruz, Spanish religious writer, Catholic prelate and bishop (b. 1637)
• February 20 – Jean-Baptiste Monnoyer, French painter (b. 1636)
• March 12 – Peder Griffenfeld, Danish statesman (b. 1635)
• April 13 – Hans Rosing, Norwegian bishop (b. 1625)
• March 17 – Serafina of God, founder of seven Carmelite monasteries of nuns in southern Italy (b. 1621)
• March 20 – Erhard Weigel, German mathematician, astronomer and philosopher (b. 1625)
• March 27 – Edward Stillingfleet, British theologian and scholar (b. 1635)
• April 21 – Jean Racine, French classic dramatist (b. 1639)
• April 22 – Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz, German statesman and poet (b. 1646)
• May 12 – Lucas Achtschellinck, Flemish painter (b. 1626)
• May 15 – Sir Edward Petre, 3rd Baronet, English Jesuit, privy councillor (b. 1631)
• May 16 – Christine Charlotte of Württemberg, Regent of East Frisia (b. 1645)
• May 22 – James Bertie, 1st Earl of Abingdon, English nobleman (b. 1653)
• May 25 – Bussy Mansell, Welsh Member of the English Parliament (b. 1623)
• June 1 – George II, Duke of Württemberg-Montbéliard (1662–1699) (b. 1626)
• June 16 – Constantin Marselis, Danish baron (b. 1647)
• June 22
  • Josiah Child, English Governor of the East India Company (b. 1630)
  • Fernando de Meneses, 2nd Count of Ericeira, Portuguese noble (b. 1614)
• July 1
  • Lodewijck Huygens, Dutch diplomat (b. 1631)
  • Tokugawa Tsunanari, Japanese daimyō (b. 1652)
• July 2 – Hortense Mancini, favourite Italian niece of Cardinal Mazarin (b. 1646)
• July 10 – Pier Martire Armani, Italian painter (b. 1613)
• August 4 – Maria Sophia of Neuburg, Queen consort of Portugal (b. 1666)
• August 6 – Albert V, Duke of Saxe-Coburg (b. 1648)
• August 13 – Marco d'Aviano, Italian Capuchin friar (b. 1631)
• August 19 – José Saenz d'Aguirre, Spanish Catholic cardinal (b. 1630)
• August 24 – Lucrezia Barberini, Duchess of Modena (b. 1628)
• August 25 – Christian V, King of Denmark and Norway (b. 1646)
• September 8 – Gottfried Wilhelm Sacer, German jurist (b. 1635)
• September 17 – Augustus, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön-Norburg (b. 1635)
• September 26 – Simon Arnauld de Pomponne, French diplomat and minister (b. 1618)
• October 4 – George Evelyn, English politician (b. 1617)
• October 8 – Mary Beale, British artist (b. 1633)
• November 2 – Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 2nd Earl of Shaftesbury, English politician (b. 1652)
• November 23 – Joseph Beaumont, British academic and poet (b. 1616)
• November 29 – Patrick Gordon, Scottish general (b. 1635)
• December 7 – Sigmund von Erlach, Swiss politician (b. 1614)
• December 17 – John Francis Desideratus, Prince of Nassau-Siegen (1652–1699) (b. 1627)

• Henry Every, English pirate (b. 1659)