Background
With the expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT), interoperability becomes more and more important. Standards-developing organizations have done a tremendous amount of work to standardize protocols to simplify implementation and to lower the cost of IoT products. As a result, new protocols were developed, existing protocols were combined in new ways, and lightweight profiles were defined.
At the application layer, interoperability is not yet mature; the work on data formats (in the form of data models and information models) has not seen the same level of consistency throughout various standardization groups. Examples of standardization efforts in this area include the work by IPSO on their Starter Pack, the Cluster Library developed by the Zigbee Alliance, the OMA LWM2M, or the UPnP Management and Control:1 specifications.
One common problem is the lack of an encoding-independent standardization of the information, the so-called information model. Another problem is the strong relationship with the underlying communication architecture, such as an RPC or a RESTful design. Furthermore, different groups develop similar concepts that only differ slightly, leading to interoperability problems. Finally, some groups favor different encodings for use with various application layer protocols.
This raises a number of questions:
- What is the state of the art in data and information models? What should an information model look like?
- What is the role of formal languages, such as schema languages, in describing information and data models?
- What is the role of metadata, which is attached to data to make it self-describing?
- How can we achieve interoperability when different organizations, companies and individuals develop extensions?
- What is the experience with interworking various data models developed from different groups, or with data models that evolved over time?
- What functionality should online repositories for sharing schemas have?
- How can existing data models be mapped against each other to offer interworking?
- Is there room for harmonization, or are the use cases of different groups and organizations so unique that there is no possibility for cooperation?
- How can organizations better work together to increase awareness and information sharing?
(A discussion about the difference between information and data models can be found in RFC 3444.)
Workshop Style
The workshop’s main focus will be on discussing the harmonization of information and data models for use with IoT deployments. In order to keep the group at a manageable size, prospective participants are required to submit a position paper as an expression of interest. We will invite the authors of accepted position papers to attend the workshop.
The workshop will be structured as a series of working sessions punctuated by invited speakers, who will present on-going standardization and research developments. The organizing committee may ask submitters of particularly salient papers to present their ideas and experiences at the workshop. We expect active participation of all guests.
Participation at the workshop is free of charge.
Important Dates
Position papers must be submitted by February 22nd, 2016 at the latest.
The program committee will review submitted position papers and send an invitation to the workshop to one of the paper authors. Invitations will be distributed by February 27th, 2016 at the latest.
This workshop will be a day and a half, and take place on the 17th and 18th of March, 2016.
Position Paper Requirements
Interested parties must submit a brief document. We welcome papers that describe existing work, answers to the questions listed above, new questions, write-ups of deployment experience, lessons-learned from successful or failed attempts, and ideally a vision. Contributions are not required to be original in content.
We solicit brief write-ups of one to three pages, formatted as HTML, PDF, or plain text (for example as a submitted Internet Draft). Representatives of IoT Standards Development Organizations or Alliances, who have published relevant specifications, and representatives of vendors who have shipped commercial IoT products supporting multiple schemas, may minimally submit a pointer to existing documentation.
Accepted Position Papers
- Download all papers (ZIP file)
- Jari Arkko, Gadgets and Protocols Come and Go, Data Is Forever
- Carsten Bormann, Noise in specifications hurts
- Benoit Claise, YANG as the Data Modelling Language in the IoT space
- Robert Cragie, The ZigBee Cluster Library over IP
- Dee Denteneer, Michael Verschoor, Teresa Zotti, Fairhair: interoperable IoT services for major Building Automation and Lighting Control ecosystems
- Universal Devices, Object Oriented Approach to IoT Interoperability
- Bryant Eastham, Interoperability and the OpenDOF Project
- Stephen Farrell, Alissa Cooper, It’s Often True: Security’s Ignored (IOTSI) – and Privacy too
- Christian Groves, Lui Yan, and Weiwei, Overview of IoT semantics landscape
- Ted Hardie, Loci of Interoperability for the Internet of Things
- Russ Housley, Vehicle-to-Vehicle and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure Communications
- Jaime Jiménez, Michael Koster, Hannes Tschofenig, IPSO Smart Objects
- David Jones, IOTDB – Interoperability Through Semantic Metastandards
- Sebastian Käbisch, Darko Anicic, Thing Description as Enabler of Semantic Interoperability on the Web of Things
- Achilleas Kemos, Alliance for Internet of Things Innovation Semantic Interoperability Release 2.0, AIOTI WG03 – IoT Standardisation
- Ari Keränen, Cullen Jennings, SenML: simple building block for IoT semantic interoperability
- Dongmyoung Kim, Yunchul Choi, Yonggeun Hong, Research on Unified Data Model and Framework to Support Interoperability between IoT Applications
- Michael Koster, Model-Based Hypertext Language
- Matthias Kovatsch, Yassin N. Hassan, Klaus Hartke, Semantic Interoperability Requires Self-describing Interaction Models
- Kai Kreuzer, A Pragmatic Approach to Interoperability in the Internet of Things
- Barry Leiba, Position Paper
- Marcello Lioy, AllJoyn
- Kerry Lynn, Laird Dornin, Modeling RESTful APIs with JSON Hyper-Schema
- Erik Nordmark, Thoughts on IoT Semantic Interoperability: Scope of security issues
- Open Geospatial Consortium, OGC SensorThings API: Communicating “Where” in the Web of Things
- Jean Paoli, Taqi Jaffri, IoT Information Model Interoperability: An Open, Crowd-Sourced Approach in Three Parallel Parti
- Joaquin Prado, OMA Lightweight M2M Resource Model
- Dave Raggett, Soumya Kanti Datta, Input paper for IAB Semantic Interoperability Workshop
- Pete Rai, Stephen Tallamy, Semantic Overlays Over Immutable Data to Facilitate Time and Context Specific Interoperability
- Jasper Roes, Laura Daniele, Towards semantic interoperability in the IoT using the Smart Appliances REFerence ontology (SAREF) and its extensions
- Max Senges, Submission for IAB IoT Semantic Interoperability workshop
- Bill Silverajan, Mert Ocak, Jaime Jiménez, Implementation Experiences of Semantic Interoperability for RESTful Gateway Management
- Ned Smith, Jeff Sedayao, Claire Vishik, Key Semantic Interoperability Gaps in the Internet-of-Things Meta-Models
- Robert Sparks and Ben Campbell, Considerations for certain IoT based services
- J. Clarke Stevens, Open Connectivity Foundation oneIoTa Tool
- J. Clarke Stevens, Piper Merriam, Derived Models for Interoperability Between IoT Ecosystems
- Ravi Subramaniam, Semantic Interoperability in Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) – formerly Open Interconnect Consortium (OIC)
- Andrew Sullivan, Position paper for IOTSI workshop
- Darshak Thakore, IoT Security in the context of Semantic Interoperability
- Dave Thaler, IoT Bridge Taxonomy
- Dave Thaler, Summary of AllSeen Alliance Work Relevant to Semantic Interoperability
- Mark Underwood, Michael Gruninger, Leo Obrst, Ken Baclawski, Mike Bennett, Gary Berg-Cross, Torsten Hahmann, Ram Sriram, Internet of Things: Toward Smart Networked Systems and Societies
- Peter van der Stok, Andy Bierman, YANG-Based Constrained Management Interface (CoMI)
Venue
The planned location for the workshop is San Jose, California, US. We will provide the full details of the meeting venue to the invited workshop participants. The workshop includes coffee and tea during breaks.
Workshop Agenda
The workshop agenda is available at https://www.iab.org/activities/workshops/iotsi/agenda/.
Meeting Results
- Public Discussion List: iotsi@iab.org
- To subscribe: https://www.iab.org/mailman/listinfo/iotsi
- Meeting Notes: https://goo.gl/vzIu0y
- Public repo to share information: https://github.com/iotsi
IPR Policy
The workshop will have no expectation of IPR disclosure or licensing related to its submissions.
Privacy Notice
You provide your name and your email address for the registration to this workshop. We use this information for planning purposes (such as finding rooms and ordering refreshments). We will also use this information to contact you about the location of the meeting venue, or other urgent and relevant notifications. Before the meeting minutes are publicly distributed, you will also receive a copy for review. We will share your contact details with the other workshop participants.
Program Committee
This workshop is organized by the Internet Architecture Board (IAB) and the following persons:
- Jari Arkko, IETF Chair / Ericsson, Finland.
- Ralph Droms, IAB / Cisco, US.
- Jaime Jiménez, Ericsson, Finland.
- Michael Koster, SmartThings/Samsung, US.
- Dave Thaler, IAB / Microsoft, US.
- Hannes Tschofenig, ARM Ltd, Austria.