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August 18 is the 230th day of the year (231st in leap years ) in the Gregorian calendar . 135 days remain until the end of the year.
684 – Battle of Marj Rahit :[1] Umayyad partisans defeat the supporters of Ibn al-Zubayr and cement Umayyad control of Syria .1304 – The Battle of Mons-en-Pévèle is fought to a draw between the French army and the Flemish militias.[2] 1487 – The Siege of Málaga ends with the taking of the city by Castilian and Aragonese forces.1572 – Marriage in Paris, France, of the Huguenot King Henry III of Navarre to Margaret of Valois , in a supposed attempt to reconcile Protestants and Catholics .[3] 1590 – John White , the governor of the Roanoke Colony , returns from a supply trip to England and finds his settlement deserted.1612 – The trial of the Pendle witches , one of England's most famous witch trials, begins at Lancaster Assizes .1634 – Urbain Grandier , accused and convicted of sorcery, is burned alive in Loudun , France.1721 – The city of Shamakhi in Safavid Shirvan is sacked .1783 – A huge fireball meteor is seen across Great Britain as it passes over the east coast.1826 – Major Gordon Laing becomes the first non-Muslim to enter Timbuktu .[6] 1838 – The Wilkes Expedition , which would explore the Puget Sound and Antarctica, weighs anchor at Hampton Roads .1848 – Camila O'Gorman and Ladislao Gutierrez are executed on the orders of Argentine dictator Juan Manuel de Rosas .1864 – American Civil War : Battle of Globe Tavern : Union forces try to cut a vital Confederate supply-line into Petersburg, Virginia , by attacking the Wilmington and Weldon Railroad .1868 – French astronomer Pierre Janssen discovers helium .1870 – Franco-Prussian War : Battle of Gravelotte is fought.1891 – Major hurricane strikes Martinique , leaving 700 dead.1903 – German engineer Karl Jatho allegedly flies his self-made, motored gliding airplane four months before the first flight of the Wright brothers .1917 – A Great Fire in Thessaloniki , Greece destroys 32% of the city leaving 70,000 individuals homeless.1920 – The Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing women's suffrage .1923 – First British Track and Field championships for women , London.1938 – The Thousand Islands Bridge , connecting New York, United States with Ontario , Canada over the Saint Lawrence River , is dedicated by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt .1940 – World War II : The Hardest Day air battle, part of the Battle of Britain . At that point, the largest aerial engagement in history with heavy losses sustained on both sides.1945 – Sukarno takes office as the first president of Indonesia , following the country's declaration of independence the previous day.1950 – Julien Lahaut , the chairman of the Communist Party of Belgium, is assassinated. The Party newspaper blames royalists and Rexists .1958 – Vladimir Nabokov 's controversial novel Lolita 1958 – Brojen Das from Bangladesh swims across the English Channel in a competition, as the first Bengali and the first Asian to do so. He came first among 39 competitors.
1963 – Civil rights movement : James Meredith becomes the first African American to graduate from the University of Mississippi .1965 – Vietnam War : Operation Starlite begins: United States Marines destroy a Viet Cong stronghold on the Van Tuong peninsula in the first major American ground battle of the war.1966 – Vietnam War: The Battle of Long Tan ensues after a patrol from the 6th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment clashes with a Viet Cong force in Phước Tuy Province .1971 – Vietnam War: Australia and New Zealand decide to withdraw their troops from Vietnam .1976 – The Korean axe murder incident in Panmunjom results in the deaths of two US Army officers.1977 – Steve Biko is arrested at a police roadblock under the Terrorism Act No. 83 of 1967 in King William's Town , South Africa. He later dies from injuries sustained during this arrest bringing attention to South Africa's apartheid policies.1983 – Hurricane Alicia hits the Texas coast, killing 21 people and causing over US$1 billion in damage (1983 dollars).1989 – Leading presidential hopeful Luis Carlos Galán is assassinated near Bogotá in Colombia .2003 – One-year-old Zachary Turner is murdered in Newfoundland by his mother, who was awarded custody despite facing trial for the murder of Zachary's father. The case was documented in the film Dear Zachary [7] 2005 – A massive power blackout hits the Indonesian island of Java , affecting almost 100 million people, one of the largest and most widespread power outages in history.2008 – President of Pakistan Pervez Musharraf resigns under threat of impeachment .2008 – War of Afghanistan: Uzbin Valley ambush occurs.
2017 – The first terrorist attack ever sentenced as a crime in Finland kills two and injures eight.2019 – 100 activists, officials, and other concerned citizens in Iceland hold a funeral for Okjökull glacier , which has completely melted after once covering six square miles (15.5 km2 ).[8] 1305 – Ashikaga Takauji , Japanese Shōgun (d. 1358)1450 – Marko Marulić , Croatian poet and author (d. 1524)[9] 1458 – Lorenzo Pucci , Catholic cardinal (d. 1531)1497 – Francesco Canova da Milano , Italian composer (d. 1543)1542 – Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland (d. 1601)1579 – Countess Charlotte Flandrina of Nassau (d. 1640)1587 – Virginia Dare , granddaughter of Governor John White of the Colony of Roanoke , first child born to English parents in the Americas (date of death unknown)[10] 1596 – Jean Bolland , Flemish priest and hagiographer (d. 1665)1605 – Henry Hammond , English churchman and theologian (d. 1660)1606 – Maria Anna of Spain (d. 1646)1629 – Agneta Horn , Swedish writer (d. 1672)[11] 1657 – Ferdinando Galli-Bibiena , Italian architect and painter (d. 1743)[12] 1685 – Brook Taylor , English mathematician and theorist (d. 1731)1692 – Louis Henri, Duke of Bourbon (d. 1740)1700 – Baji Rao I , first Peshwa of Maratha Empire (d. 1740)1720 – Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers , English politician (d. 1760)1750 – Antonio Salieri , Italian composer and conductor (d. 1825)1754 – François, marquis de Chasseloup-Laubat , French general and engineer (d. 1833)1774 – Meriwether Lewis , American soldier, explorer, and politician (d. 1809)1792 – John Russell, 1st Earl Russell , English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1878)1803 – Nathan Clifford , American lawyer, jurist, and politician, 19th United States Attorney General (d. 1881)1807 – B. T. Finniss , Australian politician, 1st Premier of South Australia (d. 1893)1819 – Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia (d. 1876)1822 – Isaac P. Rodman , American general and politician (d. 1862)1830 – Franz Joseph I of Austria (d. 1916)1831 – Ernest Noel , Scottish businessman and politician (d. 1931)1834 – Marshall Field , American businessman, founded Marshall Field's (d. 1906)1841 – William Halford , English-American lieutenant, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1919)1855 – Alfred Wallis , English painter and illustrator (d. 1942)1857 – Libert H. Boeynaems , Belgian-American bishop and missionary (d. 1926)1863 – Jean Leon Gerome Ferris , American painter (d. 1930)[13] 1869 – Carl Rungius , German-American painter and educator (d. 1959)1870 – Lavr Kornilov , Russian general and explorer (d. 1918)1879 – Alexander Rodzyanko , Russian general (d. 1970)1885 – Nettie Palmer , Australian poet and critic (d. 1964)1887 – John Anthony Sydney Ritson , English rugby player, mines inspector, engineer and professor of mining (d. 1957)1890 – Walther Funk , German economist and politician, Reich Minister of Economics (d. 1960)1893 – Burleigh Grimes , American baseball player and manager (d. 1985)1893 – Ernest MacMillan , Canadian conductor and composer (d. 1973)
1896 – Jack Pickford , Canadian-American actor and director (d. 1933)1898 – Clemente Biondetti , Italian race car driver (d. 1955)1900 – Ruth Bonner , Soviet Communist activist, sentenced to a labor camp during Joseph Stalin 's Great Purge (d. 1987)1900 – Ruth Norman , American religious leader (d. 1993)
1902 – Adamson-Eric , Estonian painter (d. 1968)1902 – Margaret Murie , American environmentalist and author (d. 2003)
1903 – Lucienne Boyer , French singer (d. 1983)1904 – Max Factor, Jr. , American businessman (d. 1996)1905 – Enoch Light , American bandleader, violinist, and recording engineer (d. 1978)1906 – Marcel Carné , French director and screenwriter (d. 1996)1906 – Curtis Jones , American blues pianist and singer (d. 1971)
1908 – Edgar Faure , French historian and politician, 139th Prime Minister of France (d. 1988)1908 – Olav H. Hauge , Norwegian poet and gardener (d. 1994)
1908 – Bill Merritt , New Zealand cricketer and sportscaster (d. 1977)
1909 – Gérard Filion , Canadian businessman and journalist (d. 2005)1910 – Herman Berlinski , Polish-American pianist, composer, and conductor (d. 2001)1910 – Robert Winters , Canadian colonel, engineer, and politician, 26th Canadian Minister of Public Works (d. 1969)
1911 – Amelia Boynton Robinson , American activist (d. 2015)1911 – Klara Dan von Neumann , Hungarian computer scientist and programmer (d. 1963)
1912 – Otto Ernst Remer , German general (d. 1997)1913 – Romain Maes , Belgian cyclist (d. 1983)1914 – Lucy Ozarin , United States Navy lieutenant commander and psychiatrist (d. 2017)1915 – Max Lanier , American baseball player and manager (d. 2007)1916 – Neagu Djuvara , Romanian historian, journalist, and diplomat (d. 2018)1916 – Moura Lympany , English pianist (d. 2005)
1917 – Caspar Weinberger , American captain, lawyer, and politician, 15th United States Secretary of Defense (d. 2006)1918 – Cisco Houston , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1961)1919 – Wally Hickel , American businessman and politician, 2nd Governor of Alaska (d. 2010)1920 – Godfrey Evans , English cricketer (d. 1999)1920 – Bob Kennedy , American baseball player and manager (d. 2005)
1920 – Shelley Winters , American actress (d. 2006)
1921 – Lydia Litvyak , Russian lieutenant and pilot (d. 1943)1921 – Zdzisław Żygulski , Polish historian and academic (d. 2015)
1922 – Alain Robbe-Grillet , French director, screenwriter, and novelist (d. 2008)1923 – Katherine Victor , American actress (d. 2004)[14] 1925 – Brian Aldiss , English author and critic (d. 2017)1925 – Pierre Grondin , Canadian surgeon and academic (d. 2006)
1925 – Anis Mansour , Egyptian journalist and author (d. 2011)
1927 – Rosalynn Carter , First Lady of the United States from 1977 to 1981[15] 1928 – Marge Schott , American businesswoman (d. 2004)1928 – Sonny Til , American R&B singer (d. 1981)
1929 – Hugues Aufray , French singer-songwriter1930 – Liviu Librescu , Romanian-American engineer and academic (d. 2007)1930 – Rafael Pineda Ponce , Honduran academic and politician (d. 2014)
1931 – Bramwell Tillsley , Canadian 14th General of The Salvation Army (d. 2019)1931 – Hans van Mierlo , Dutch journalist and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of the Netherlands (d. 2010)
1931 – Grant Williams , American film, theater and television actor (d. 1985)[16]
1932 – Luc Montagnier , French virologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate1933 – Just Fontaine , Moroccan-French footballer and manager1933 – Roman Polanski , French-Polish director, producer, screenwriter, and actor
1934 – Vincent Bugliosi , American lawyer and author (d. 2015)1934 – Roberto Clemente , Puerto Rican-American baseball player and soldier (d. 1972)
1934 – Gulzar , Indian poet, lyricist and film director
1934 – Michael May , German-Swiss race car driver and engineer
1935 – Gail Fisher , American actress (d. 2000)1935 – Hifikepunye Pohamba , Namibian lawyer and politician, 2nd President of Namibia
1936 – Robert Redford , American actor, director, and producer1937 – Sheila Cassidy , English physician and author1939 – Maxine Brown , American soul/R&B singer-songwriter1939 – Robert Horton , English businessman (d. 2011)
1939 – Johnny Preston , American pop singer (d. 2011)
1940 – Adam Makowicz , Polish-Canadian pianist and composer1940 – Gil Whitney , American journalist (d. 1982)
1943 – Martin Mull , American actor and comedian1943 – Gianni Rivera , Italian footballer and politician
1943 – Carl Wayne , English singer and actor (d. 2004)
1944 – Paula Danziger , American author (d. 2004)1944 – Robert Hitchcock , Australian sculptor and illustrator
1945 – Sarah Dash , American singer-songwriter and actress1945 – Värner Lootsmann , Estonian lawyer and politician
1945 – Lewis Burwell Puller, Jr. , American soldier, lawyer, and author (d. 1994)
1948 – James Jones , English bishop1948 – John Scarlett , English intelligence officer
1949 – Nigel Griggs , English bass player, songwriter, and producer1950 – Dennis Elliott , English drummer and sculptor1952 – Elayne Boosler , American actress, director, and screenwriter1952 – Patrick Swayze , American actor and dancer (d. 2009)
1952 – Ricardo Villa , Argentinian footballer and coach
1953 – Louie Gohmert , American captain, lawyer, and politician1953 – Marvin Isley , American R&B bass player and songwriter (d. 2010)
1954 – Umberto Guidoni , Italian astrophysicist, astronaut, and politician1955 – Bruce Benedict , American baseball player and coach1955 – Taher Elgamal , Egyptian-American cryptographer
1955 – Tan Dun , Chinese composer
1956 – John Debney , American composer and conductor1956 – Sandeep Patil , Indian cricketer and coach
1956 – Jon Schwartz , American drummer and producer
1956 – Kelly Willard , American singer-songwriter
1956 – Rainer Woelki , German cardinal
1957 – Denis Leary , American comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter1957 – Ron Strykert , Australian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
1958 – Didier Auriol , French race car driver1958 – Madeleine Stowe , American actress
1959 – Tom Prichard , American wrestler and trainer1960 – Mike LaValliere , American baseball player1960 – Fat Lever , American basketball player and sportscaster
1961 – Huw Edwards , Welsh-English journalist and author1961 – Timothy Geithner , American banker and politician, 75th United States Secretary of the Treasury
1961 – Bob Woodruff , American journalist and author
1962 – Felipe Calderón , Mexican lawyer and politician, 56th President of Mexico (2006–2012)[17] 1962 – Geoff Courtnall , Canadian ice hockey player and coach
1964 – Andi Deris , German singer and songwriter1964 – Mark Sargent , Australian rugby league player
1964 – Kenny Walker , American basketball player and sportscaster
1965 – Ikue Ōtani , Japanese voice actress1966 – Gustavo Charif , Argentinian director and producer1967 – Daler Mehndi , Indian Punjabi singer, songwriter and record producer1967 – Brian Michael Bendis , American author and illustrator
1969 – Mark Kuhlmann , German rugby player and coach1969 – Edward Norton , American actor[18]
1970 – Jason Furman , American economist and politician1970 – Malcolm-Jamal Warner , American actor and producer
1971 – Patrik Andersson , Swedish footballer1971 – Richard David James , English musician composer[19]
1974 – Nicole Krauss , American novelist and critic1977 – Paraskevas Antzas , Greek footballer1977 – Even Kruse Skatrud , Norwegian musician and educator[20]
1978 – Andy Samberg , American actor and comedian1979 – Stuart Dew , Australian footballer1980 – Esteban Cambiasso , Argentinian footballer1980 – Rob Nguyen , Australian race car driver
1980 – Ryan O'Hara , Australian rugby league player
1980 – Bart Scott , American football player
1980 – Jeremy Shockey , American football player
1981 – César Delgado , Argentinian footballer1981 – Dimitris Salpingidis , Greek footballer
1983 – Mika , Lebanese-born English recording artist and singer-songwriter [21] 1983 – Cameron White , Australian cricketer
1984 – Sigourney Bandjar , Dutch footballer1984 – Robert Huth , German footballer
1985 – Inge Dekker , Dutch swimmer1985 – Bryan Ruiz , Costa Rican footballer
1986 – Evan Gattis , American baseball player1986 – Ross McCormack , Scottish footballer
1987 – Joanna Jędrzejczyk , Polish mixed martial artist1988 – Jack Hobbs , English footballer1988 – Eggert Jónsson , Icelandic footballer
1988 – G-Dragon , South Korean rapper, singer-songwriter and record producer
1992 – Elizabeth Beisel , American swimmer1992 – Bogdan Bogdanović , Serbian basketball player
1993 – Jung Eun-ji , South Korean singer-songwriter1993 – Maia Mitchell , Australian actress and singer[22]
1994 – Morgan Sanson , French footballer1995 – Alīna Fjodorova , Latvian figure skater1997 – Renato Sanches , Portuguese footballer353 – Decentius , Roman usurper440 – Pope Sixtus III 472 – Ricimer , Roman general and politician (b. 405)670 – Fiacre , Irish hermit 673 – Kim Yu-shin , general of Silla (b. 595)849 – Walafrid Strabo , German monk and theologian (b. 808)1095 – King Olaf I of Denmark 1211 – Narapatisithu , king of Burma (b. 1150)1227 – Genghis Khan , Mongolian emperor (b. 1162)1258 – Theodore II Laskaris , emperor of Nicea (Byzantine emperor in exile)1276 – Pope Adrian V (b. 1220)1318 – Clare of Montefalco , Italian nun and saint (b. 1268)1430 – Thomas de Ros, 8th Baron de Ros , English soldier and politician (b. 1406)1500 – Alfonso of Aragon , Spanish prince (b. 1481)1502 – Knut Alvsson , Norwegian nobleman and politician (b. 1455)1503 – Pope Alexander VI (b. 1431)1550 – Antonio Ferramolino , Italian architect and military engineer1559 – Pope Paul IV (b. 1476)1563 – Étienne de La Boétie , French judge and philosopher (b. 1530)1600 – Sebastiano Montelupi , Italian businessman (b. 1516)1613 – Giovanni Artusi , Italian composer and theorist (b. 1540)1620 – Wanli Emperor of China (b. 1563)1625 – Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche , English diplomat (b. 1556)1634 – Urbain Grandier , French priest (b. 1590)1642 – Guido Reni , Italian painter and educator (b. 1575)1648 – Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire (b. 1615)1683 – Charles Hart , English actor (b. 1625)1707 – William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Devonshire , English soldier and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Derbyshire (b. 1640)1712 – Richard Savage, 4th Earl Rivers , English general and politician, Lord Lieutenant of Essex (b. 1660)1765 – Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor (b. 1708)1815 – Chauncey Goodrich , American lawyer and politician, 8th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut (b. 1759)1823 – André-Jacques Garnerin , French balloonist and the inventor of the frameless parachute (b. 1769)1842 – Louis de Freycinet , French explorer and navigator (b. 1779)1850 – Honoré de Balzac , French novelist and playwright (b. 1799)1886 – Eli Whitney Blake , American inventor, invented the Mortise lock (b. 1795)1919 – Joseph E. Seagram , Canadian businessman and politician, founded the Seagram Company (b. 1841)1940 – Walter Chrysler , American businessman, founded Chrysler (b. 1875)1943 – Ali-Agha Shikhlinski , Azerbaijani general (b. 1865)1944 – Ernst Thälmann , German soldier and politician (b. 1886)1945 – Subhas Chandra Bose , Indian activist and politician (b. 1897)1949 – Paul Mares , American trumpet player and bandleader (New Orleans Rhythm Kings ) (b. 1900)1950 – Julien Lahaut , Belgian soldier and politician (b. 1884)1952 – Alberto Hurtado , Chilean priest, lawyer, and saint (b. 1901)1964 – Hildegard Trabant , Berlin Wall victim (b. 1927)1968 – Arthur Marshall , American pianist and composer (b. 1881)1979 – Vasantrao Naik , Indian politician (b. 1913)1981 – Anita Loos , American author and screenwriter (b. 1889)1983 – Nikolaus Pevsner , German-English historian and scholar (b. 1902)1990 – B. F. Skinner , American psychologist and philosopher, invented the Skinner box (b. 1904)1994 – Francis Raymond Shea , American bishop (b. 1913)1998 – Persis Khambatta , Indian model and actress, Femina Miss India 1965 (b. 1948)[23] 2001 – David Peakall , English chemist and toxicologist (b. 1931)2002 – Dean Riesner , American actor and screenwriter (b. 1918)2003 – Tony Jackson , English singer and bassist (b. 1938)2004 – Elmer Bernstein , American composer and conductor (b. 1922)2004 – Hiram Fong , American soldier and politician (b. 1906)
2005 – Chri$ Ca$h , American wrestler (b. 1982)2006 – Ken Kearney , Australian rugby player (b. 1924)2007 – Michael Deaver , American soldier and politician, White House Deputy Chief of Staff (b. 1938)2007 – Magdalen Nabb , English author (b. 1947)
2009 – Kim Dae-jung , South Korean lieutenant and politician, 15th President of South Korea , Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1925)2009 – Rose Friedman , Ukrainian-American economist and author (b. 1910)
2009 – Robert Novak , American journalist and author (b. 1931)
2010 – Hal Connolly , American hammer thrower and coach (b. 1931)2010 – Benjamin Kaplan , American scholar and jurist (b. 1911)
2012 – Harrison Begay , American painter (b. 1917)2012 – John Kovatch , American football player (b. 1920)
2012 – Scott McKenzie , American singer-songwriter and guitarist (b. 1939)
2012 – Ra. Ki. Rangarajan , Indian journalist and author (b. 1927)
2012 – Jesse Robredo , Filipino public servant and politician, 23rd Filipino Secretary of the Interior and Local Government (b. 1958)
2013 – Josephine D'Angelo , American baseball player (b. 1924)2013 – Jean Kahn , French lawyer and activist (b. 1929)
2013 – Albert Murray , American author and critic (b. 1916)
2014 – Gordon Faber , American soldier and politician, 39th Mayor of Hillsboro, Oregon (b. 1930)2014 – Jim Jeffords , American captain, lawyer, and politician (b. 1934)
2014 – Levente Lengyel , Hungarian chess player (b. 1933)
2014 – Don Pardo , American radio and television announcer (b. 1918)
2015 – Khaled al-Asaad , Syrian archaeologist and author (b. 1932)2015 – Roger Smalley , English-Australian pianist, composer, and conductor (b. 1943)
2015 – Suvra Mukherjee , Wife of former Indian president Pranab Mukherjee . (b. 1940)
2015 – Louis Stokes , American lawyer and politician (b. 1925)
2015 – Bud Yorkin , American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1926)
2016 – Ernst Nolte , German historian (b. 1923)2017 – Bruce Forsyth , English television presenter and entertainer (b. 1928)2017 – Zoe Laskari , Greek actress and beauty pageant winner (b. 1944)
2018 – Denis Edozie , Nigerian Supreme Court judge (b. 1935)[24] Holidays and observances [ edit ] References [ edit ]
^ David James (25 February 2009). Early Islamic Spain: The History of Ibn Al-Qutiyah ISBN 978-1-134-02531-2 ^ J. F. Verbruggen (2002). The Battle of the Golden Spurs (Courtrai, 11 July 1302): A Contribution to the History of Flanders' War of Liberation, 1297-1305 ISBN 978-0-85115-888-4 ^ The history of France, from the earliest period ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Laing, Alexander Gordon" Encyclopædia Britannica ^ After Canadian mother killed herself and their only grandchild, U.S. couple started 10-year fight to change Canada's bail laws | National Post ^ David Moye (August 19, 2019), "Iceland Holds Funeral Honoring Glacier That Melted Away" , Huffington Post.com , retrieved August 19, 2019 ^ Marko Marulić; Josip Bratulić (1994). Epistola domini Marci Marvli Spalatensis ad Adrianvm VI. Pontificem maximvm ... ISBN 978-953-6000-57-9 ^ Hawks, Francis L. (1857). History of North Carolina: Embracing the period between the first voyage to the colony in 1584, to the last in 1591 ^ Katharina M. Wilson; M. Wilson (1991). An Encyclopedia of Continental Women Writers ISBN 978-0-8240-8547-6 ^ Aleksandr Mikhaĭlovich Prokhorov (1982). Great Soviet encyclopedia ^ Sponsel, Rudolf. "J.L.G. Ferris (1863–1930)" (in German). Allgemeine und Integrative Psychotherapie. Retrieved 2010-08-01 . ^ Lentz, Harris M. (2005). Obituaries in the Performing Arts, 2004 : Film, Television, Radio, Theatre, Dance, Music, Cartoons, and Pop Culture ISBN 978-0-7864-2103-9 ^ "Rosalynn Carter" . nndb.com . Retrieved 2008-04-13 .^ Stampalia, Giancarlo (2017). Grant Williams ISBN 9781629332338 ^ "Felipe Calderón Hinojosa" (in Spanish). Busca Biografias. Retrieved May 30, 2019 .^ "Edward Norton" . Biography.com .^ Murray, Janet (2007-06-12). "Richard David James" . The Guardian . ^ "Even Kruse Skatrud, alias Eveneven Trombonist" . MIC.no.^ "Mika | Biography & History" . AllMusic .^ "Maia Mitchell Portrait Session" . AP Images. 11 July 2013. Retrieved 12 August 2013 .^ "' Star Trek' actress Persis Khambatta, 49" . Bangor Daily News . August 20, 1998. Retrieved July 13, 2018 .^ "Former Justice of the Supreme Court, Denis Edozie, is dead" . PREMIUM TIMES. 18 August 2018. Retrieved 28 December 2019 .
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