Portal:Biography

The Biography Portal Third Volume of a 1727 edition of Plutarch's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans printed by Jacob Tonson A biography, or simply bio, is a detailed description of a person's life. It involves more than just the basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death; it portrays a person's experience of these life events. Unlike a profile or curriculum vitae (résumé), a biography presents a subject's life story, highlighting various aspects of his or her life, including intimate details of experience, and may include an analysis of the subject's personality. Biographical works are usually non-fiction, but fiction can also be used to portray a person's life. One in-depth form of biographical coverage is called legacy writing. Works in diverse media, from literature to film, form the genre known as biography. An authorized biography is written with the permission, cooperation, and at times, participation of a subject or a subject's heirs. An autobiography is written by the person himself or herself, sometimes with the assistance of a collaborator or ghostwriter. Selected biographies - Dürer's self-portrait at 26, Prado Museum Albrecht Dürer (/ˈdjʊərər/; German: [ˈʔalbʁɛçt ˈdyːʁɐ]; 21 May 1471 – 6 April 1528), sometimes spelt in English as Durer or Duerer, without umlaut, was a German painter, printmaker, and theorist of the German Renaissance. Born in Nuremberg, Dürer established his reputation and influence across Europe when he was in his twenties due to his high-quality woodcut prints. He was in communication with the major Italian artists of his time, including Raphael, Giovanni Bellini and Leonardo da Vinci, and from 1512 he was patronized by Emperor Maximilian I. Dürer is commemorated by both the Lutheran and Episcopal Churches. Dürer's vast body of work includes engravings, his preferred technique in his later prints, altarpieces, portraits and self-portraits, watercolours and books. The woodcuts, such as the Apocalypse series (1498), are more Gothic than the rest of his work. His well-known engravings include the Knight, Death and the Devil (1513), Saint Jerome in his Study (1514) and Melencolia I (1514), which has been the subject of extensive analysis and interpretation. His watercolours also mark him as one of the first European landscape artists, while his ambitious woodcuts revolutionized the potential of that medium. Read more... Bernhard Riemann in 1863 Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann (German: [ˈɡeːɔʁk ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈbɛʁnhaʁt ˈʁiːman] (listen); 17 September 1826 – 20 July 1866) was a German mathematician who made contributions to analysis, number theory, and differential geometry. In the field of real analysis, he is mostly known for the first rigorous formulation of the integral, the Riemann integral, and his work on Fourier series. His contributions to complex analysis include most notably the introduction of Riemann surfaces, breaking new ground in a natural, geometric treatment of complex analysis. His famous 1859 paper on the prime-counting function, containing the original statement of the Riemann hypothesis, is regarded as one of the most influential papers in analytic number theory. Through his pioneering contributions to differential geometry, Riemann laid the foundations of the mathematics of general relativity. He is considered by many to be one of the greatest mathematicians of all time. Read more... Edwin Powell Hubble (November 20, 1889 – September 28, 1953) was an American astronomer. He played a crucial role in establishing the fields of extragalactic astronomy and observational cosmology and is regarded as one of the most important astronomers of all time. Hubble proved that many objects previously thought to be clouds of dust and gas and classified as "nebulae" were actually galaxies beyond the Milky Way. He used the strong direct relationship between a classical Cepheid variable's luminosity and pulsation period (discovered in 1908 by Henrietta Swan Leavitt) for scaling galactic and extragalactic distances. Read more... Josiah Wedgwood by George Stubbs, 1780, enamel on a Wedgwood ceramic tablet Josiah Wedgwood (12 July 1730 – 3 January 1795) was an English potter and entrepreneur. He founded the Wedgwood company. He was the leader in the industrialisation of the manufacture of pottery. "It was by intensifying the division of labour that Wedgwood brought about the reduction of cost which enabled his pottery to find markets in all parts of Britain, and also of Europe and America." The renewed classical enthusiasms of the late 1760s and early 1770s were of major importance to his sales promotion. His expensive goods were in much demand from the upper classes, while he used emulation effects to market cheaper sets to the rest of society. Every new invention that Wedgwood produced – green glaze, creamware, black basalt and jasper – was quickly copied. Having once achieved efficiency in production, he obtained efficiencies in sales and distribution. His showrooms in London gave the public the chance to see his complete range of tableware. Meeting the demands of the consumer revolution and growth in wealth of the middle classes that helped drive the Industrial Revolution in Britain, Wedgwood is credited as the inventor of modern marketing. He pioneered direct mail, money back guarantees, travelling salesmen, carrying patterned boxes for display, self-service, free delivery, buy one get one free, and illustrated catalogues. Read more... Imaginary depiction of Cædwalla by Lambert Barnard Cædwalla (/ˈkædˌwɔːlə/ KAD-wawl-ə; c. 659 – 20 April 689 AD) was the King of Wessex from approximately 685 until he abdicated in 688. His name is derived from the Welsh Cadwallon. He was exiled from Wessex as a youth and during this period gathered forces and attacked the South Saxons, killing their king, Æthelwealh, in what is now Sussex. Cædwalla was unable to hold the South Saxon territory, however, and was driven out by Æthelwealh's ealdormen. In either 685 or 686, he became King of Wessex. He may have been involved in suppressing rival dynasties at this time, as an early source records that Wessex was ruled by underkings until Cædwalla. After his accession Cædwalla returned to Sussex and won the territory again, and also conquered the Isle of Wight, engaging in genocide, extinguishing the ruling dynasty there, and forcing the population of the island at sword point to renounce their pagan beliefs for Christianity. He gained control of Surrey and the kingdom of Kent, and in 686 he installed his brother, Mul, as king of Kent. Mul was burned in a Kentish revolt a year later, and Cædwalla returned, possibly ruling Kent directly for a period. Read more... Lloyd Webber in 2008 Andrew Lloyd Webber, Baron Lloyd-Webber (born 22 March 1948) is an English composer and impresario of musical theatre. Several of his musicals have run for more than a decade both in the West End and on Broadway. He has composed 13 musicals, a song cycle, a set of variations, two film scores, and a Latin Requiem Mass. Several of his songs have been widely recorded and were successful outside of their parent musicals, such as "The Music of the Night" and "All I Ask of You" from The Phantom of the Opera, "I Don't Know How to Love Him" from Jesus Christ Superstar, "Don't Cry for Me, Argentina" from Evita, "Any Dream Will Do" from Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat, and "Memory" from Cats. In 2001 The New York Times referred to him as "the most commercially successful composer in history". The Daily Telegraph ranked him the "fifth most powerful person in British culture" in 2008, with lyricist Don Black writing "Andrew more or less single-handedly reinvented the musical." He has received a number of awards, including a knighthood in 1992, followed by a peerage from Queen Elizabeth II for services to the Arts, six Tonys, three Grammys (as well as the Grammy Legend Award), an Academy Award, fourteen Ivor Novello Awards, seven Olivier Awards, a Golden Globe, a Brit Award, the 2006 Kennedy Center Honors, the 2008 Classic Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music, and an Emmy Award. He is one of fifteen people to have won an Oscar, an Emmy, a Grammy, and a Tony. He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, is an inductee into the Songwriter's Hall of Fame, and is a fellow of the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers, and Authors. Read more... Cyrus Hall McCormick (February 15, 1809 – May 13, 1884) was an American inventor and businessman who founded the McCormick Harvesting Machine Company, which later became part of the International Harvester Company in 1902. Originally from the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia, he and many members of his family became prominent residents of Chicago. McCormick has been simplistically credited as the single inventor of the mechanical reaper. He was, however, one of several designing engineers who produced successful models in the 1830s. His efforts built on more than two decades of work by his father Robert McCormick Jr., as well as the aid of Jo Anderson, a slave held by his family. He also successfully developed a modern company, with manufacturing, marketing, and a sales force to market his products. Read more... Rudolf Wolters (August 3, 1903 – January 7, 1983) was a German architect and government official, known for his longtime association with fellow architect and Third Reich official Albert Speer. A friend and subordinate of Speer, Wolters received the many papers which were smuggled out of Spandau Prison for Speer while he was imprisoned there, and kept them for him until Speer was released in 1966. After Speer's release, the friendship slowly collapsed, Wolters objecting strongly to Speer's blaming of Hitler and other Nazis for the Holocaust and World War II, and they saw nothing of each other in the decade before Speer's death in 1981. Wolters, who was born to a Catholic middle-class family in the northern German town of Coesfeld, obtained his degree and doctorate in architecture from the Technical University of Berlin, forging a close friendship with Speer while a student. After receiving his doctorate, he had difficulty finding employment prior to the Nazi rise to power. From 1933 to 1937, he worked for the Reichsbahn. In 1937, Speer hired him as a department head, and Wolters soon took major responsibility for Hitler's plan for the large scale reconstruction of Berlin. When Speer became Minister of Armaments and War Production in 1942, Wolters moved to his department, remaining his close associate. Read more... Group Captain Val Hancock, 1942 Air Marshal Sir Valston Eldridge (Val) Hancock, KBE, CB, DFC (31 May 1907 – 29 September 1998) was a senior commander in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). He served as Chief of the Air Staff from 1961 to 1965. A graduate of the Royal Military College, Duntroon, Hancock transferred to the RAAF in 1929 and qualified as a pilot. His administrative training at Duntroon saw him primarily occupy staff posts, including Deputy Director of Operations and Intelligence at RAAF Headquarters from 1931 to 1935, and Director of Works and Buildings from 1937 to 1939. During the early years of World War II, he commanded No. 1 Bombing and Gunnery School, and held senior planning and administrative positions. He eventually saw combat in the Aitape–Wewak campaign of the Pacific War during 1945. Flying Bristol Beaufort light bombers, he led first No. 100 Squadron, and later No. 71 Wing. His actions earned him the Distinguished Flying Cross. After the war, Hancock became the inaugural commandant of RAAF College. His subsequent positions included Deputy Chief of the Air Staff from 1951 to 1953, Air Member for Personnel from 1953 to 1955, and Air Officer Commanding (AOC) No. 224 Group RAF in Malaya, responsible for all Commonwealth air forces in the region, from 1957 to 1959. Appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1958, he served as AOC RAAF Operational Command from 1959 to 1961, before being promoted to air marshal and commencing his term as Chief of the Air Staff. He was knighted in 1962. In his role as the Air Force's senior officer, Hancock initiated redevelopment of RAAF Base Learmonth in north Western Australia, as part of a chain of forward airfields for the defence of the continent. He also evaluated potential replacements for the RAAF's English Electric Canberra bomber, selecting the American "TFX" (later the General Dynamics F-111) as the most suitable for Australia's needs, though he did not recommend its immediate purchase due to its early stage of development. After his retirement from the military in May 1965, Hancock co-founded the Australia Defence Association. He died in 1998, aged 91. Read more... Portrait of Prince Metternich (1815) by Thomas Lawrence Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar, Prince of Metternich-Winneburg zu Beilstein (/ˈmɛtərnɪx/ MET-ər-nikh; German: Klemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lothar Fürst von Metternich-Winneburg zu Beilstein [ˈkleːməns fɔn ˈmɛtɐnɪç]; 15 May 1773 – 11 June 1859) was an Austrian diplomat who was at the center of European affairs for four decades as the Austrian Empire's foreign minister from 1809 and Chancellor from 1821 until the liberal Revolutions of 1848 forced his resignation. Born into the House of Metternich in 1773 as the son of a diplomat, Metternich received a good education at the universities of Strasbourg and Mainz. Metternich rose through key diplomatic posts, including ambassadorial roles in the Kingdom of Saxony, the Kingdom of Prussia, and especially Napoleonic France. One of his first assignments as Foreign Minister was to engineer a détente with France that included the marriage of Napoleon to the Austrian archduchess Marie Louise. Soon after, he engineered Austria's entry into the War of the Sixth Coalition on the Allied side, signed the Treaty of Fontainebleau that sent Napoleon into exile and led the Austrian delegation at the Congress of Vienna that divided post-Napoleonic Europe amongst the major powers. For his service to the Austrian Empire, he was given the title of Prince in October 1813. Under his guidance, the "Metternich system" of international congresses continued for another decade as Austria aligned itself with Russia and to a lesser extent Prussia. This marked the high point of Austria's diplomatic importance and thereafter Metternich slowly slipped into the periphery of international diplomacy. At home, Metternich held the post of Chancellor of State from 1821 until 1848 under both Francis I and his son Ferdinand I. After a brief exile in London, Brighton, and Brussels that lasted until 1851, he returned to the Viennese court, this time to offer only advice to Ferdinand's successor, Franz Josef. Having outlived his generation of politicians, Metternich died at the age of 86 in 1859. Read more... Ranavalona I (born Rabodoandrianampoinimerina; 1778 – August 16, 1861), also known as Ramavo and Ranavalo-Manjaka I, was sovereign of the Kingdom of Madagascar from 1828 to 1861. After positioning herself as queen following the death of her young husband and second cousin, Radama I, Ranavalona pursued a policy of isolationism and self-sufficiency, reducing economic and political ties with European powers, repelling a French attack on the coastal town of Foulpointe, and taking vigorous measures to eradicate the small but growing Malagasy Christian movement initiated under Radama I by members of the London Missionary Society. She made heavy use of the traditional practice of fanompoana (forced labor as tax payment) to complete public works projects and develop a standing army of between 20,000 and 30,000 Merina soldiers, whom she deployed to pacify outlying regions of the island and further expand the realm. She also maintained order within her realm through the traditional practice of trial by the ordeal of tangena to determine guilt, a practice that had a 20 to 50 percent death rate. The combination of regular warfare, disease, difficult forced labor and harsh measures of justice resulted in a high mortality rate among soldiers and civilians alike during her 33-year reign, with Madagascar's population reducing from 5 million in 1833 to 2.5 million in 1839. Although greatly obstructed by Ranavalona's policies, French and British political interests in Madagascar remained undiminished. Divisions between traditionalist and pro-European factions at the queen's court created opportunities that European intermediaries exploited in an attempt to hasten the succession of Ranavalona's son, Radama II. The young prince disagreed with many of his mother's policies and was amenable to French proposals for the exploitation of the island's resources, as expressed in the Lambert Charter he concluded with a French representative in 1855. These plans were never successful, however, and Radama II was not to take the throne until 1861, when Ranavalona died aged 83. Read more... A scan of the first page of the notes from the interrogation of John/Eleanor Rykener at The Guildhall, London in December 1394 – January 1395 John Rykener, also known as Eleanor (fl. 1394), was a 14th-century transvestite or trans woman sex worker arrested in December 1394 for performing a sex act with a man, John Britby, in London's Cheapside. Although historians tentatively link Rykener to a prisoner of the same name, the only known facts of the sex worker's life come from an interrogation made by the mayor of London. Rykener was questioned on two offences: prostitution and sodomy. Prostitutes were not usually arrested in London during this period, while sodomy was an offence against morality rather than common law, and so pursued in ecclesiastical courts. There is no evidence that Rykener was prosecuted for either crime. Rykener spoke of being introduced to sexual contact with men by Elizabeth Brouderer, a London embroideress who dressed Rykener as a woman and may have acted as procurer. According to the court transcription of this account, Rykener had sex with both men and women, including priests and nuns. Rykener spent part of summer 1394 in Oxford, working both as a prostitute and as an embroideress, and in Beaconsfield had a sexual relationship with a woman. Rykener returned to London via Burford in Oxfordshire, working there as a barmaid and continuing with sex work. On returning to London, Rykener had paid encounters near the Tower of London, just outside the City. Rykener was arrested with Britby one Sunday evening in women's clothes, and was still wearing them during the interrogation on 11 December. It was there that Rykener described his encounters—and sexual history—in great detail. But it appears that no charges were ever brought against Rykener; or at least, no records have been found suggesting so. Nothing definite is known of Rykener after this interrogation; Jeremy Goldberg has tentatively identified as the same person a John Rykener imprisoned by and escaping from the Bishop of London in 1399. Read more... Lukather performing with Toto, 2007 Steven Lee Lukather (born October 21, 1957) is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter, arranger and record producer, best known as the sole continuous founding member of the rock band Toto from its founding in 1976 to its latest hiatus in 2019. A prolific session musician, Lukather has recorded guitar tracks for more than 1,500 albums representing a broad array of artists and genres. He has also contributed to albums and hit singles as a songwriter, arranger and producer. He played guitar on Boz Scaggs' albums Down Two Then Left (1977) and Middle Man (1980). Lukather was a prominent contributor to several studio albums by Michael Jackson, including Thriller (1982), Lukather has released seven solo albums, the latest of which, Transition, was released in January 2013. In 1976, when Lukather was nineteen years old, he was invited by his high school friends David Paich and the Porcaro brothers Steve and Jeff to join them in forming their band, Toto. He remained a member of the band throughout its entire history, in latter years serving as its manager, musical director, and live emcee. Lukather's reputation as a guitarist and his association with Paich and the Porcaro brothers, who also became established artists, allowed him to secure a steady flow of session work in the 1970s and 1980s. Lukather has been nominated for twelve Grammy Awards, and has won five. While his work with Toto was predominantly based on pop rock music and his solo work ventures into progressive rock and hard rock, many of Lukather's side-projects are focused on jazz fusion. He held a long-time collaboration with jazz guitarist Larry Carlton that produced a Grammy-winning live album, and he was a member of the jazz fusion band Los Lobotomys, a collaboration of notable session musicians. Since 2012, Lukather has toured with former Beatles drummer Ringo Starr's live supergroup, the All-Starr Band. Read more... Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough, by Charles Jervas, after 1714 Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough, Princess of Mindelheim, Countess of Nellenburg (née Jenyns, spelled Jennings in most modern references; 5 June 1660 (Old Style) – 18 October 1744), was an English courtier who rose to be one of the most influential women of her time through her close friendship with Anne, Queen of Great Britain. Sarah's friendship and influence with Princess Anne were widely known, and leading public figures often turned their attentions to her in the hope that she would influence Anne to comply with requests. As a result, by the time Anne became Queen, Sarah’s knowledge of government and intimacy with the queen had made her a powerful friend and a dangerous enemy. Sarah enjoyed a "long and devoted" relationship with her husband of more than 40 years, John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough. She acted as Anne's agent after Anne's father, King James II, was deposed during the Glorious Revolution; and she promoted her interests during the rule of James's successors, King William III and Queen Mary II. When Anne came to the throne after William's death in 1702, the Duke of Marlborough, together with Sidney Godolphin, 1st Earl of Godolphin, rose to head the government, partly owing to his wife's friendship with the queen. Read more... John Curtin (8 January 1885 – 5 July 1945) was an Australian politician who served as the 14th Prime Minister of Australia from 1941 until his death in 1945. He led the country for the majority of World War II, including all but the last few weeks of the war in the Pacific. He was the leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) from 1935 to 1945, and its longest serving leader until Gough Whitlam. Curtin's leadership skills and personal character were acclaimed by his political contemporaries. He is frequently cited as one of Australia's greatest prime ministers. Curtin left school at the age of 13 and became involved in the labour movement in Melbourne. He joined the Labor Party at a young age and was also involved with the Victorian Socialist Party. He became state secretary of the Timberworkers' Union in 1911 and federal president in 1914. Curtin was a leader of the "No" campaign during the 1916 referendum on overseas conscription, and was briefly gaoled for refusing to attend a compulsory medical examination. He moved to Perth the following year to become the editor of the Westralian Worker, and later served as state president of the Australian Journalists' Association. Read more... Did you know... - ... that Indian writer Malayanil was a pioneer of modern short-story writing in the Gujarati language? ... that computer scientist Sheree Atcheson has been recognised by Computer Weekly as one of the "most influential women in UK tech"? ... that Chen Zhongyi, an engineer born in Taiwan and educated in the U.S., taught the future Chinese president Hu Jintao? ... that Michael Collins, the command module pilot for Apollo 11, was the first person to perform two spacewalks in a single mission? ... that while chief engineer of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi, Ramesh Sumant Mehta implemented what was at the time the largest municipal drainage system in India? ... that after Chinese General Dai Anlan died in the Burma Campaign, the United States awarded him the Legion of Merit, which was destroyed during the Cultural Revolution and reissued by President Reagan? ... that Jörg Breiding, only the second leader of the Knabenchor Hannover in its 69-year history, conducted the choir and the Canadian Brass quintet in folk song arrangements in 2019? ... that the visual style of African-American artist Henry Speller, who was also an accomplished blues musician, was described as "blues aesthetic"? ... that an hour and a half before fur trader Captain Joseph LaBarge died, he received a telegram from historian Hiram M. Chittenden assuring LaBarge of the completion of his biography? ... that Australian actor Nick Russell quit his law career to concentrate solely on acting? ... that according to the American Society of Civil Engineers, Thomas Evans Blackwell was the first hydraulic engineer in England? ... that after the 1980 coup d'état that overthrew and killed Liberian President William Tolbert, the People's Redemption Council took power pending a rewrite of the country's constitution? General images The following are images from various biography-related articles on Wikipedia. Einhard as scribe Cover of the first English edition of Benjamin Franklin's autobiography, 1793 Saint Augustine of Hippo wrote Confessions, the first Western autobiography ever written, around 400. Portrait by Philippe de Champaigne, 17th century. John Foxe's The Book of Martyrs, was one of the earliest English-language biographies. Third Volume of a 1727 edition of Plutarch's Lives of the Noble Greeks and Romans printed by Jacob Tonson A scene from the Baburnama James Boswell wrote what many consider to be the first modern biography, The Life of Samuel Johnson, in 1791. Eminent Victorians set the standard for 20th century biographical writing, when it was published in 1918. Need help? Do you have a question about Wikipedia biographical content that you can't find the answer to? Consider asking it at the Wikipedia reference desk. Get involved For editor resources and to collaborate with other editors on improving Wikipedia's Biography-related articles, see WikiProject Biography. Selected portrait - Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck (Dzongkha: འཇིགས་མེད་གེ་སར་རྣམ་རྒྱལ་དབང་ཕྱུག་, born 21 February 1980) is the son of Jigme Singye Wangchuck and the 5th and current reigning Dragon King of the Kingdom of Bhutan. He began his reign overseeing the democratization of his country by presiding over the last sessions of the parliament where electoral laws were deliberated. On this day – April 15 Births 1452 - Leonardo da Vinci, Italian Renaissance Roman Catholic polymath (d. 1519) (pictured) 1707 - Leonhard Euler, Swiss mathematician (d. 1783) 1741 - Charles Willson Peale, American painter, soldier and naturalist (d. 1827) 1843 - Henry James, American author (d. 1916) 1889 - Thomas Hart Benton, American muralist (d. 1975) 1912 - Kim Il-sung, President of North Korea (d. 1994) Deaths 1764 - Madame de Pompadour, mistress of King Louis XIV of France (b. 1721) 1865 - Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (b. 1809) 1912 - Victims of the RMS Titanic including: John Jacob Astor Captain Edward Smith Thomas Andrews, shipbuilder 1980 - Jean-Paul Sartre, French philosopher and writer, Nobel Prize laureate (declined) (b. 1905) 1990 - Greta Garbo, Swedish actress (b. 1905) In the news 12 April 2020 – 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic Justice Minister of Hirshabelle State, Khalif Mumin Tohow, becomes the second person to die from COVID-19 in Somalia. The state minister recently travelled back from the United Kingdom. (Middle East Monitor) 4 April 2020 – War in Afghanistan Afghan intelligence agency National Directorate of Security announces that security forces have arrested 20 ISIL–KP fighters, including leader Aslam Farooqi. (Al Jazeera) 31 March 2020 – 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic Prominent scientist and HIV/AIDS researcher Gita Ramjee dies from COVID-19 in Umhlanga, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. (BBC) 30 March 2020 – 2019–20 coronavirus pandemic Former President of the People's Republic of the Congo Joachim Yhombi-Opango dies from COVID-19 at a hospital in Neuilly-sur-Seine. He is the first state leader (former or current) to have died from COVID-19. (Le Figaro) 28 March 2020 – Yemeni Civil War, Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen In a televised address, Houthi leader Abdul-Malik Badreddin al-Houthi offers to release five Saudi prisoners of war in exchange for the release of dozens of Palestinian activists convicted by Saudi Arabia earlier this month. (Al Jazeera) 27 March 2020 – China–United States relations, 2020 coronavirus pandemic in the United States Chinese leader Xi Jinping offers advice to United States President Donald Trump on how to contain the coronavirus pandemic. (Reuters) Updated: 10:33, 14 April 2020 Quote of the week "Just how difficult it is to write a biography can be reckoned by anybody who sits down and considers just how many people know the truth about his or her love affairs." — Rebecca West In Vogue, 1 November 1952 Related portals Law Politics Literature Music Science Sports Military Religion Islam Christianity LGBT Hinduism Judaism Human sexuality Categories Select [►] to view subcategories ▼ Biography (genre) ► Biography awards ► Biographers ► Family history ► Biography journals ► Biographical museums ► Oral history ► Person databases ► Sports biographies ► The Biography Channel shows ► Biographical works ▼ People ► People by association ► People by behavior ► People by ethnicity ► People by event ► People by gender ► People by language ► People by medical or psychological condition ► People by nationality ► People by occupation ► People by organization ► People by place ► People by political orientation ► People by religion ► People by role ► People by sexuality ► People by status ► People by time ► Categories by individual ► People categories by type ► Lists of people ► Award winners ► Bibliographies of people ► Biography (genre) ► Children ► Classification of people ► Personal coats of arms ► Depictions of people ► Families ► Fictional characters ► Freemen by location ► Legendary people ► Articles about multiple people ► Oldest people ► People and person templates ► Twin people ► Wikipedia books on people ► Works about individual people ► People stubs ► Wikipedia categories named after people Recognized content Featured articles DJ AM Aaliyah Lazarus Aaronson Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan Abu Nidal Chinua Achebe Eliza Acton John Adair Amy Adams Doc Adams John Adams Samuel Adams Nick Adenhart Áedán mac Gabráin Ælfheah of Canterbury Ælle of Sussex Æthelbald of Mercia Æthelbald, King of Wessex Æthelberht of Kent Æthelberht, King of Wessex Æthelflæd Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians Æthelred of Mercia Æthelred I, King of Wessex Æthelstan A Æthelstan Æthelwold ætheling Æthelwulf, King of Wessex Ben Affleck Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan Jonathan Agnew Spiro Agnew Ahmose I Mukhtar al-Thaqafi Albert, Prince Consort Prince Albert Victor, Duke of Clarence and Avondale Alboin Alcibiades Suicide of Leelah Alcorn Aldfrith of Northumbria Buzz Aldrin Alexander of Greece Alexander of Lincoln Alexandra of Denmark Hadji Ali Princess Alice of Battenberg Alice in Chains Charles-Valentin Alkan Gubby Allen Ike Altgens Luís Alves de Lima e Silva, Duke of Caxias Tommy Amaker Herman Vandenburg Ames Grand Duchess Anastasia Nikolaevna of Russia Anna Anderson William T. 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Bolt Margaret Bondfield Stede Bonnet William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville Daniel Boone Brian Booth William Borah Carsten Borchgrevink Frank Borman Bernard Bosanquet (cricketer) Oliver Bosbyshell Harriet Bosse William Bostock Horatio Bottomley Adrian Boult Matthew Boulton Luc Bourdon David Bowie James Bowie William D. Boyce James E. Boyd (scientist) Juan Davis Bradburn Bessie Braddock Guy Bradley William O'Connell Bradley Don Bradman Don Bradman with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948 Caroline Brady (philologist) Lester Brain Joel Brand William M. Branham John C. Breckinridge Political career of John C. Breckinridge Matthew Brettingham Eric Brewer William Brill (RAAF officer) Benjamin Britten Isaac Brock Martin Brodeur John Brooke-Little Neil Brooks Bill Brown (cricketer) Donald Forrester Brown Jesse L. Brown John Y. Brown (politician, born 1835) William Robinson Brown Raymond Brownell Stanley Bruce Steve Bruce William Bruce (architect) William Speirs Bruce Avery Brundage Louise Bryant Martin Bucer Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham Simon Bolivar Buckner David Hillhouse Buel (priest) William Burges Guy Burgess Burke and Hare murders Robert Burnell Macfarlane Burnet Henry Cornelius Burnett Henry Burrell (admiral) William Henry Bury The Bus Uncle Alan Bush James Wood Bush Vannevar Bush Josephine Butler Pedro Álvares Cabral Cædmon Cædwalla of Wessex William de St-Calais William Calcraft John C. Calhoun John Calvin Marjorie Cameron Elizabeth Canning Richard Cantillon Georg Cantor Mike Capel Rudolf Caracciola Neville Cardus Mariah Carey Caroline of Ansbach Charles Carroll the Settler Rachel Carson Rudolph Cartier Nancy Cartwright Finn M. W. Caspersen Robert Catesby Catherine de' Medici Ceawlin of Wessex James Chadwick Roger B. Chaffee Neville Chamberlain Rise of Neville Chamberlain Happy Chandler Charlie Chaplin Percy Chapman Ian Chappell Charles I of England Charles II of England Jessica Chastain Harry Chauvel Anton Chekhov Robert de Chesney V. Gordon Childe Choe Bu Frédéric Chopin Priyanka Chopra Murray Chotiner Chrisye Colley Cibber Clarence 13X Wesley Clark Dudley Clarke Rebecca Clarke (composer) Clement of Dunblane Cleopatra Death of Cleopatra Cleopatra Selene of Syria Grover Cleveland Henry Clifford, 10th Baron Clifford Kim Clijsters Cliff Clinkscales Hillary Clinton Harry Cobby Jane Cobden Coenred of Mercia Coenwulf of Mercia Adrian Cole (RAAF officer) Paul Collingwood A. E. J. Collins Martha Layne Collins Michael Collins (astronaut) Bert Combs James B. Conant Constantine II of Scotland Learie Constantine Henry Conwell William Cooley Calvin Coolidge Bradley Cooper D. B. Cooper Gary Cooper John Sherman Cooper Edward Drinker Cope William de Corbeil Richard Cordray Walter de Coutances Stan Coveleski Walter de Coventre Noël Coward William Cragh Ian Craig Stephen Crane Thomas Cranmer Jack Crawford (cricketer) O. G. S. Crawford Tom Crean (explorer) Dick Cresswell Thomas Crisp John J. Crittenden Ben Crosby C. R. M. F. Cruttwell Andrew Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope Urse d'Abetot Roderic Dallas Damageplan Richard Dannatt Charles Darwin Homer Davenport Phillip Davey David I of Scotland Elizabeth David Harold Davidson Randall Davidson Russell T Davies S. O. Davies George Andrew Davis Jr. Jefferson Davis Emily Davison John Day (printer) Death of Jimi Hendrix Claude Debussy Frederick Delius Demosthenes Bill Denny Tom Derrick Joseph Desha Hermann Detzner Deusdedit of Canterbury Emily Dickinson John Diefenbaker Diocletian Disappearance of Natalee Holloway Walt Disney Benjamin Disraeli D. Djajakusuma Djedkare Isesi Steve Dodd Charles Domery Domitian Donnchadh, Earl of Carrick John Doubleday (restorer) Alec Douglas-Home John Douglas (architect) Marjory Stoneman Douglas Theodore Komnenos Doukas Neal Dow Roy Dowling Nick Drake Tom Driberg Montague Druitt Peter Drummond (RAF officer) Vance Drummond W. E. B. Du Bois Du Fu Thích Quảng Đức Tim Duncan Bud Dunn Kirsten Dunst Don Dunstan Pavle Đurišić Muhammad al-Durrah incident Bob Dylan Eadbald of Kent Ealdred (archbishop of York) Eardwulf of Northumbria Bobby Eaton Brian Eaton Charles Eaton (RAAF officer) Isabelle Eberhardt Ecgberht, King of Wessex Adam Eckfeldt Edward II of England Edward III of England Edward VI of England Edward VII Edward VIII Edward the Elder Duncan Edwards Henry Edwards (entomologist) Monroe Edwards Michael Francis Egan Jürgen Ehlers Elagabalus Edward Elgar Elizabeth I of England Elizabeth II Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother Thomas Ellison Ernest Emerson Ray Emery William Hayden English Epaminondas Antiochus XI Epiphanes Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover William Etty Demetrius III Eucaerus Leonhard Euler Antiochus X Eusebes David Evans (RAAF officer) Edmund Evans Hiram Wesley Evans Peter Evans (swimmer) Exhumation and reburial of Richard III of England Neil Hamilton Fairley Family of Gediminas Bernard Fanning Richie Farmer Ray Farquharson Adolfo Farsari Gabriel Fauré Guy Fawkes Bob Feller Percy Fender Enrico Fermi Kathleen Ferrier Richard Feynman Nikita Filatov Millard Fillmore John FitzWalter, 2nd Baron FitzWalter Zelda Fitzgerald Pain fitzJohn Ian Fleming Ernie Fletcher Murder of Yvonne Fletcher Theoren Fleury Gilbert Foliot Joseph B. Foraker Gerald Ford Wendell Ford George Formby George Formby Sr Georg Forster George Fox Terry Fox Rakoto Frah Anne Frank Ursula Franklin Frederick III, German Emperor Robin Friday Caspar David Friedrich John Frusciante Florence Fuller Margaret Fuller Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg Dave Gallaher Ronnie Lee Gardner James A. Garfield Tyrone Garland Robert Garran James Garrard Ragnar Garrett William Garrow Ben Gascoigne Jacob Gens Geoffrey (archbishop of York) George I of Great Britain George I of Greece George II of Great Britain George III of the United Kingdom George IV of the United Kingdom George V George VI Prince George of Denmark Eddie Gerard Gerard (archbishop of York) Lisa del Giocondo Bobby Gibbes Stella Gibbons Josiah Willard Gibbs William Gibson John Gielgud W. S. Gilbert Gilberto Silva Adam Gilchrist Arthur Gilligan Nicolo Giraud Hannah Glasse John Glenn Harry Glicken Prince William, Duke of Gloucester Stanley Goble Godsmack William Goebel Vincent van Gogh Emma Goldman Michael Gomez E. Urner Goodman George H. D. Gossip Arthur Gould (rugby union) Chris Gragg Otto Graham Percy Grainger Rachel Chiesley, Lady Grange Margaret Macpherson Grant Ulysses S. Grant John de Gray El Greco Horace Greeley Debora Green Stanley Green The Greencards Herbert Greenfield Augusta, Lady Gregory Wayne Gretzky Jane Grigson Joseph Grimaldi Rufus Wilmot Griswold Orval Grove Leslie Groves Rhys ap Gruffydd Bryan Gunn Jake Gyllenhaal Maggie Gyllenhaal H.D. Richard Hakluyt Ayumi Hamasaki Ron Hamence with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948 Wally Hammond Amir Hamzah Valston Hancock Winfield Scott Hancock Learned Hand Mark Hanna William Hanna Colin Hannah Warren G. Harding Donald Hardman William Harper (Rhodesian politician) Benjamin Harrison Fairfax Harrison George Harrison William Henry Harrison Phil Hartman Francis Harvey Neil Harvey with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948 Dominik Hašek Hasekura Tsunenaga Lindsay Hassett with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948 Anne Hathaway Simon Hatley Eric A. Havelock Richard Hawes Ethan Hawke John Hay Rutherford B. Hayes Elwood Haynes Frank Headlam George Headley Reginald Heber Princess Helena of the United Kingdom John L. Helm William Hely Ernest Hemingway Paul Henderson Canadian drug charges and trial of Jimi Hendrix Jimi Hendrix Henry I of England Henry III of England Henry (bishop of Finland) Patrick Henry Thierry Henry George Went Hensley Katharine Hepburn George Herriman Edmund Herring Herbie Hewett Joe Hewitt (RAAF officer) Georgette Heyer Peter Heywood Hilary of Chichester Clem Hill Damon Hill Lynn Hill William Hillcourt Bernard Hinault Thomas C. Hindman Hippocrates George Hirst Garret Hobart Jack Hobbs Philip Seymour Hoffman Ima Hogg James Hogun Charles Holden Les Holden Stanley Holloway Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr. Gustav Holst Imogen Holst Michael Hordern Kenneth Horne Rogers Hornsby E. W. Hornung Brian Horrocks Nicholas Hoult House of Plantagenet Margaret Lea Houston Art Houtteman Juwan Howard C. D. Howe Robert Howe (Continental Army officer) Cedric Howell Hu Zhengyan Thomas J. 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Johnston John W. Johnston Angelina Jolie Murder of Dwayne Jones George Jones (RAAF officer) Peter Jones (missionary) Michael Jordan Bradley Joseph Jane Joseph Josquin des Prez Jovan Vladimir Joy Division Ernest Joyce James Joyce Master Juba Justus Franz Kafka Paul Kagame Kareena Kapoor Khan Sonam Kapoor Abdul Karim (the Munshi) Masako Katsura J. R. Kealoha Maynard James Keenan Fred Keenor George F. Kennan Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy Wihtred of Kent Susi Kentikian Jomo Kenyatta Johannes Kepler Mark Kerry André Kertész Albert Ketèlbey Akhtar Hameed Khan Shah Rukh Khan Hasan al-Kharrat Nikita Khrushchev Bill Kibby Craig Kieswetter Harmon Killebrew Roy Kilner Bart King Elwyn Roy King Bruce Kingsbury Thomas C. Kinkaid The Kinks Johann von Klenau Frank Klepacki Nigel Kneale John Knox Kalki Koechlin Manuel I Komnenos Tadeusz Kościuszko Sandy Koufax George Koval Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Walter Krueger Paul Kruger Nikolai Kulikovsky Nodar Kumaritashvili Cynna Kydd Lady Gaga Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette Ruby Laffoon Nestor Lakoba Mathew Charles Lamb Daniel Lambert Osbert Lancaster Kenesaw Mountain Landis Franklin Knight Lane Cosmo Gordon Lang George Lansbury LaRouche criminal trials Brie Larson Harold Larwood Lat (cartoonist) Laurence of Canterbury Jennifer Lawrence Ursula K. Le Guin John Le Mesurier Lê Quang Tung John Leak Raymond Leane Louis Leblanc Faith Leech Vivien Leigh Émile Lemoine Vladimir Lenin John Lennon Dan Leno Helmut Lent John Lerew David Lewis (politician) Maurice Leyland Lie Kim Hok Marcel Lihau Eli Lilly Ernst Lindemann Trevor Linden Ray Lindwall with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948 El Lissitzky Little Tich Marie Lloyd Stefan Lochner Kellie Loder Carl Hans Lody James B. Longacre William de Longchamp Lorde Prince Louis of Battenberg Courtney Love David Lovering Edward Low James Russell Lowell Sam Loxton Sam Loxton with the Australian cricket team in England in 1948 John Bingham, 7th Earl of Lucan Steve Lukather Glynn Lunney Luo Yixiu Roberto Luongo Witold Lutosławski Marcus Ward Lyon Jr. Douglas MacArthur's escape from the Philippines Douglas MacArthur Charlie Macartney George Macaulay Angus Lewis Macdonald John A. Macdonald Gregor MacGregor Iven Mackay Aeneas Mackintosh Archie MacLaren Bruno Maddox Charles Edward Magoon Gustav Mahler Miriam Makeba Malcolm X Garnet Malley Manchester Mummy Nelson Mandela Olivia Manning Margaret (singer) Princess Maria Amélia of Brazil Clements Markham John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough Francis Marrash Jack Marsh Bob Marshall (wilderness activist) Thomas R. 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