Steny Hoyer
Steny Hoyer | |
---|---|
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House Majority Leader | |
Assumed office January 3, 2019 | |
Speaker | Nancy Pelosi |
Preceded by | Kevin McCarthy |
In office January 3, 2007 – January 3, 2011 | |
Speaker | Nancy Pelosi |
Preceded by | John Boehner |
Succeeded by | Eric Cantor |
House Minority Whip | |
In office January 3, 2011 – January 3, 2019 | |
Leader | Nancy Pelosi |
Preceded by | Eric Cantor |
Succeeded by | Steve Scalise |
In office January 3, 2003 – January 3, 2007 | |
Leader | Nancy Pelosi |
Preceded by | Nancy Pelosi |
Succeeded by | Roy Blunt |
Chair of the House Democratic Conference | |
In office June 21, 1989 – January 3, 1995 | |
Leader | Tom Foley |
Preceded by | William Grey |
Succeeded by | Vic Fazio |
Vice Chair of the House Democratic Conference | |
In office January 3, 1989 – June 21, 1989 | |
Leader | Jim Wright |
Preceded by | Mary Rose Oakar |
Succeeded by | Vic Fazio |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maryland's 5th district | |
Assumed office May 19, 1981 | |
Preceded by | Gladys Spellman |
82nd President of the Maryland Senate | |
In office January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1978 | |
Preceded by | William S. James |
Succeeded by | James A. Clark Jr. |
Member of the Maryland Senate from the 26th district | |
In office January 3, 1975 – January 3, 1978 | |
Preceded by | Constituency established |
Succeeded by | Mike Donovan |
Member of the Maryland Senate from the 4C district | |
In office January 1967 – January 1975 | |
Preceded by | Constituency established |
Succeeded by | Constituency abolished |
Personal details | |
Born | Steny Hamilton Hoyer June 14, 1939 New York City, New York, U.S. |
Political party | Democratic |
Spouse(s) | Judith Pickett [1](m. 1961; died 1997) |
Children | 3 |
Residence | Mechanicsville, Maryland |
Education | University of Maryland, College Park (BA) Georgetown University (JD) |
Signature | ![]() |
Website | House website Party website |
Steny Hamilton Hoyer (/ˈstɛni ˈhɔɪ.ər/; born June 14, 1939) is an American attorney and politician serving as U.S. Representative for Maryland's 5th congressional district since 1981 and as House Majority Leader since 2019. A Democrat, he was first elected in a special election on May 19, 1981, and is currently serving in his 20th term. The district includes a large swath of rural and suburban territory southeast of Washington, D.C. Hoyer is the dean of the Maryland Congressional delegation and the most senior Democrat in the House.
Since 2003, Hoyer has been the second ranking Democrat in the House of Representatives behind Nancy Pelosi. He is a two-time House Majority Leader, having previously served in the post from 2007 to 2011 under Speaker Pelosi.[2][3] During two periods of Republican House control (2003–2007 and 2011–2019), Hoyer served as House Minority Whip, both times under Minority Leader Pelosi. As a result of the 2018 midterm elections, in which the Democrats took control of the House, Hoyer was re-elected Majority Leader in January 2019 on the opening of the 116th Congress, remaining the number two House Democrat behind Speaker Pelosi.[4][5]
Contents
Early life and education[edit]
Hoyer was born in New York City, New York, and grew up in Mitchellville, Maryland, the son of Jean (née Baldwin) and Steen Theilgaard Høyer. His father was Danish and a native of Copenhagen; "Steny" is a variant of his father's name, "Steen".[6] His mother was an American, with Scottish, German, and English ancestry, and a descendant of John Hart, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.[7] He graduated from Suitland High School in Suitland, Maryland.
In his early years at the University of Maryland College Park, Congressman Hoyer held a 1.9 grade point average. His attitude towards school and politics changed after hearing a speech from John F. Kennedy prior to his election in 1960.[citation needed] In 1963, he received his B.A. degree magna cum laude from the University of Maryland, College Park, where he also became a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity.[8] He earned his J.D. degree from Georgetown University Law Center in Washington, D.C., in 1966.[8]
Early political career[edit]
For four years, from 1962 to 1966, Hoyer was a member of the staff of United States Senator Daniel Brewster (D-Maryland); also on Senator Brewster's staff at that time was Nancy Pelosi, who would later become a leadership colleague of Hoyer, as she served as Minority Leader and Speaker of the House.[9]
In 1966, Hoyer won a newly created seat in the Maryland State Senate, representing Prince George's County-based Senate District 4C.[10] The district, created in the aftermath of Reynolds v. Sims, was renumbered as the 26th district in 1975,[8][11] the same year that Hoyer was elected President of the Maryland State Senate, the youngest in state history.[12]
From 1969 to 1971, Hoyer served as the 1st Vice President of the Young Democrats of America.[13]
In 1978, Hoyer sought the Democratic nomination for Lieutenant Governor of Maryland as the running mate of then acting Governor Blair Lee III, but he lost to Samuel Bogley 37%–34%.[14] In the same year, Hoyer was appointed to the Maryland Board of Higher Education, a position he served in until 1981.[8]
U.S. House of Representatives[edit]
![](http://web.archive.org./web/20200216082922im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Steny_Hoyer.jpg/220px-Steny_Hoyer.jpg)
![](http://web.archive.org./web/20200216082922im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Rep._Hoyer_and_Sen._Mikulski_present_photo_to_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_Prince_Phillip%2C_May_8%2C_2007.jpg/220px-Rep._Hoyer_and_Sen._Mikulski_present_photo_to_Queen_Elizabeth_II_and_Prince_Phillip%2C_May_8%2C_2007.jpg)
Elections[edit]
Fifth District Congresswoman Gladys Spellman fell into a coma three days before the 1980 election. She was reelected, but it soon became apparent that she would never regain consciousness, and Congress declared her seat vacant by resolution in February 1981. Hoyer narrowly won a crowded seven-way Democratic primary, beating Spellman's husband Reuben by only 1,600 votes. He then defeated a better-funded Republican, Audrey Scott, in the May 19 special election by 56%-44%, earning himself the nickname of "boy wonder".[15][16][17] In the 1982 general election, Hoyer won reelection to his first full term with 80% of the vote.[18] He has faced only one relatively close contest since then, when he defeated future Governor of Maryland Larry Hogan with just 55% of the vote in 1992.[19] His second worst performance was his 1996 bid against Republican State Delegate John Morgan, when he won reelection with 57% of the vote.[20] Hoyer has been reelected 14 times with no substantive opposition, and is the longest-serving House member ever from southern Maryland.[12]
Tenure[edit]
- Domestic issues
- Social Issues: Hoyer is pro-choice on abortion rights.[21] He voted against the Partial-Abortion ban bill in 2003. Hoyer supports affirmative action and LGBT rights.
- Gun Rights: He is rated F by the NRA, indicating a pro-gun-control voting record.
- Privacy: In 2008, Hoyer said he opposed providing immunity to telecom companies, but then negotiated a bill, described by Senators Patrick Leahy and Russ Feingold as a "capitulation", that would provide immunity to any telecom company[22] that had been told by the Bush administration that their actions were legal.[23][24][25][26] "No matter how they spin it, this is still immunity," said Kevin Bankston, a senior lawyer for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a privacy rights group that has sued over President Bush's wiretapping program. "It's not compromise, it's pure theater."[27]
- Health Care: In a 2009 USA Today opinion piece regarding healthcare reform, Steny Hoyer wrote that "Drowning out opposing views is simply un-American."[28]
- Taxes: In June 2010, Hoyer brought up the idea that Congress would extend only temporarily middle-class tax cuts that were set to expire at the end of the year, suggesting that making them permanent would cost too much. President Obama wanted to extend them permanently for individuals making less than $200,000 a year and families making less than $250,000.[29]
- Impeachment of Donald Trump: On December 18, 2019, Hoyer voted for both articles of impeachment against President Donald J. Trump.[30]
- Foreign issues
- India: Hoyer supports civilian nuclear cooperation with India.[31]
- Iraq: Hoyer initially supported the Iraq War and was even recognized by the DLC for his vocal leadership on this issue. After the war became publicly unpopular, Hoyer said he favored a "responsible redeployment".[32] However, he has repeatedly supported legislation to continue funding for the war without deadlines for troop withdrawal, most recently in return for increased funding of domestic projects.[33]
- Israel: Hoyer is a supporter of Israel, and has often been allied with American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC). In September 2007, he criticized Rep. Jim Moran for suggesting that AIPAC "has pushed (the Iraq) war from the beginning", calling the comment "factually inaccurate."[34] In January 2017, Hoyer voted for a House resolution condemning the UN Security Council Resolution 2334, which called Israeli settlement building in the occupied Palestinian territories a flagrant violation of international law and a major obstacle to peace.[35] Hoyer supported President Donald Trump's decision to recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital.[36]
- Iran: Hoyer has stated that a nuclear Iran is "unacceptable" and that the use of force remains an option.[37]
- Syria: In January 2019, Hoyer opposed President Donald Trump's planned withdrawal of U.S. troops from Syria and Afghanistan as "impulsive, irresponsible, and dangerous."[38] Hoyer supports former President Obama's call for authorizing limited but decisive military action in response to the Assad regime's alleged use of chemical weapons.
- Human Rights: Hoyer is a former chairman of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe.
- Legislation
On February 28, 2014, Hoyer introduced the bill To amend the National Law Enforcement Museum Act to extend the termination date (H.R. 4120; 113th Congress) into the United States House of Representatives.[39] The bill would extend until November 9, 2016, the authority of the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, a nonprofit organization, to construct a museum on federal lands within the District of Columbia honoring law enforcement officers.[40]
- Fundraising
Hoyer is a prolific fundraiser for House Democrats. He has been the top giver to fellow party members in the House. In the 2008 election cycle, he contributed more than $1 million to the party and individual candidates as of July 14, 2008.[41]
Party leadership[edit]
Hoyer has served as chairman of the Democratic Caucus, the fourth-ranking position among House Democrats, from 1989 to 1994; the former co-chair (and a current member) of the Democratic Steering Committee; and as the chief candidate recruiter for House Democrats from 1995 to 2000. He also served as Deputy Majority Whip from 1987 to 1989.[8]
When David E. Bonior resigned as Minority Whip in early 2002, Hoyer ran but lost to Nancy Pelosi. After the 2002 midterm elections, Pelosi ran to succeed Dick Gephardt as Minority Leader, leaving the Minority Whip post open again.[42] On November 14, 2002, Hoyer was unanimously elected by his colleagues in the Democratic Caucus to serve as the Minority Whip, the second-highest-ranking position among House Democrats.[12]
![](http://web.archive.org./web/20200216082922im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Bush%2C_Pelosi%2C_and_Hoyer_meeting_at_White_House%2C_Nov_9%2C_2006.jpg/220px-Bush%2C_Pelosi%2C_and_Hoyer_meeting_at_White_House%2C_Nov_9%2C_2006.jpg)
Pelosi became the Speaker of the House in January 2007. Hoyer was elected by his colleagues to be House Majority Leader for the 110th Congress, defeating John Murtha of Pennsylvania by a vote of 149-86 within the caucus, despite Pelosi endorsing Murtha.[2][43] Hoyer is the first Marylander to become Majority Leader.[44] and became the highest-ranking federal lawmaker in Maryland history.[12] In this post, Hoyer was the floor leader of the House Democrats and ranked second in the leadership after the Speaker who is the actual head of the majority party in the house.
The day after the 2010 midterm elections in which the Democrats lost control of the House, Hoyer had a private conversation with Pelosi and stated that he would not challenge her bid for Minority Leader (for Pelosi to remain Democratic House Leader).[45] He ran for minority whip, but was challenged by outgoing Majority Whip Jim Clyburn (the top House Democrats wanted to remain in the leadership, but the minority party in the House has one less position). Hoyer is moderate while Pelosi and Clyburn are more liberal, and a significant number of Hoyer's would-be supporters in the House who were moderate and conservative Democrats had been defeated for reelection.[46][47][48] The Congressional Black Caucus backed Clyburn, while 30 House Democrats have supported Hoyer, and Hoyer has also raised money and campaigned for many candidates.[49][50] Hoyer received further support from outgoing Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Howard L. Berman, Financial Services Committee Chairman Barney Frank, and outgoing Energy and Commerce Committee Chairman Henry A. Waxman[51] Pelosi intervened in the contest by supporting Hoyer as Minority Whip, while creating an "Assistant Leader" position for Clyburn which would keep him as the third-ranking Democrat in the House behind Pelosi and Hoyer (the existing "Assistant to the Leader" post formerly held by Chris Van Hollen is not officially part of the House leadership and was directly appointed by the Minority Leader).[52][53]
Hoyer and the DCCC have been criticized for picking their preferred candidates through an undemocratic process. In 2018, it was reported that Hoyer sought to alter the outcome of the primary race in Colorado's 6th congressional district. Hoyer was recorded urging progressive candidate Levi Tillemann to drop out of the race. Hoyer acknowledged that the DCCC had already identified its choice candidate and discouraged a candid discussion about his weaknesses.[54] On November 28, 2018, Hoyer was selected to return as House Majority Leader.[4][5]
Electoral history[edit]
Year | Office | Election | Subject | Party | Votes | % | Opponent | Party | Votes | % | Opponent | Party | Votes | % | Opponent | Party | Votes | % | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1981 | Congress, 5th district | Special | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 42,573 | 55.81 | Audrey Scott | Republican | 33,708 | 44.19 | ||||||||||||
1982 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 83,937 | 79.58 | William Guthrie | Republican | 21,533 | 20.42 | ||||||||||||
1984 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 116,310 | 72.18 | John Ritchie | Republican | 44,839 | 27.82 | ||||||||||||
1986 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 82,098 | 81.93 | John Sellner | Republican | 18,102 | 18.07 | ||||||||||||
1988 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 128,437 | 78.63 | John Sellner | Republican | 34,909 | 21.37 | ||||||||||||
1990 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 84,747 | 80.66 | Lee Breuer | Republican | 20,314 | 19.34 | ||||||||||||
1992 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 113,280 | 55.0 | Larry J. Hogan, Jr. | Republican | 92,636 | 45.0 | ||||||||||||
1994 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 98,821 | 58.81 | Donald Devine | Republican | 69,211 | 41.19 | ||||||||||||
1996 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 121,288 | 56.92 | John S. Morgan | Republican | 91,806 | 43.08 | ||||||||||||
1998 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 126,792 | 65.37 | Robert Ostrom | Republican | 67,176 | 34.36 | ||||||||||||
2000 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 166,231 | 65.09 | Thomas Hutchins | Republican | 89,019 | 34.86 | ||||||||||||
2002 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 137,903 | 69.27 | Joseph Crawford | Republican | 60,758 | 30.52 | ||||||||||||
2004 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 204,867 | 68.67 | Brad Jewitt | Republican | 87,189 | 29.93 | Bob Auerbach | Green | 4,224 | 1.42 | ||||||||
2006 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 168,114 | 82.69 | Steve Warner | Green | 33,464 | 16.46 | Write Ins: P.Kuhnert and Other | 635 | 1,110 | 0.86 | ||||||||
2008 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 253,854 | 73.6 | Collins Bailey | Republican | 82,631 | 24.0 | Darlene Nicholas | Libertarian | 7,829 | 2.3 | ||||||||
2010 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 143,620 | 64.3 | Charles Lollar | Republican | 79,122 | 35.6 | H. Gavin Shickle | Libertarian | 2,399 | 1.1 | ||||||||
2012[57] | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 238,618 | 69.4 | Tony O'Donnell | Republican | 95,271 | 27.7 | Bob Auerbach | Green | 5,040 | 1.5 | Arvin Vohra | Libertarian | 4,503 | 1.3 | ||||
2014[58] | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 144,725 | 64.0 | Chris Chafee | Republican | 80,752 | 35.7 | Write-ins | 563 | 0.2 | |||||||||
2016[59] | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 242,989 | 67.4 | Mark Arness | Republican | 105,931 | 29.4 | Jason Summers | Libertarian | 11,078 | 3.1 | Write-ins | 606 | 0.2 | |||||
2018 | Congress, 5th district | General | Steny Hoyer | Democratic | 213,796 | 70.3 | William Devine III | Republican | 82,361 | 27.1 | Patrick Elder | Green | 4,082 | 1.3 | Write-ins | 279 | 0.1 |
Personal life[edit]
Hoyer has three daughters, Anne, Susan, and Stefany, from his marriage to Judy Pickett Hoyer, who died of cancer in February 1997.[1] In 2012, after Hoyer announced his support of same-sex marriage, his daughter Stefany Hoyer Hemmer came out as a lesbian in an interview with the Washington Blade.[60]
His wife was an advocate of early childhood education, and child development learning centers in Maryland have been named in her honor ("Judy Centers").[61] She also suffered from epilepsy, and the Epilepsy Foundation of America sponsors an annual public lecture in her name.[62] Hoyer, too, has been an advocate for research in this area, and the Epilepsy Foundation presented him in 2002 with their Congressional Leadership Award.[63]
Hoyer serves on the Board of Trustees for St. Mary's College of Maryland[8] and is a member of the board of the International Foundation for Electoral Systems, a nonprofit that supports international elections.[64] He is also an Advisory Board Member for the Center for the Study of Democracy.[65]
In July 2018, Hoyer was hospitalized at George Washington University Hospital for pneumonia.[66][67]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Rasmussen, Fred (February 7, 1997). "Judith Hoyer, 57, school official, congressman's wife". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved March 25, 2019.
- ^ a b Ferraro, Thomas; Cowan, Richard (November 16, 2006). "Corrected - Democrats defy Pelosi, elect Hoyer House leader". Toronto Star. Reuters. Retrieved June 18, 2018.
- ^ Alexander Mooney (November 16, 2006). "Hoyer beats out Murtha for majority leader". CNN Political Ticker. CNN. Retrieved November 16, 2006.
- ^ a b McPherson, Lindsey (November 28, 2018). "Steny Hoyer Elected House Majority Leader". Roll Call.
- ^ a b Barker, Jeff (November 28, 2018). "Democrats select Maryland's Steny Hoyer to return as U.S. House majority leader; Pelosi nominated for speaker". The Baltimore Sun.
- ^ Valdez, Jessica (August 28, 2004). "For Hoyer, a Balancing of Roles". The Washington Post – via majorityleader.gov.
- ^ "Steny Hoyer ancestry". Ancestry.com.
- ^ a b c d e f "Steny H. Hoyer, U.S. Representative (Maryland)". Maryland Manual On-Line. Maryland State Archives. January 3, 2019. Retrieved January 27, 2020.
- ^ Jonathan Weisman and Lois Romano (November 16, 2006). "Pelosi Splits Democrats With Push For Murtha". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 16, 2006.
- ^ "Maryland Senate, Legislative District 4, 4A, 4B, 4C". msa.maryland.gov.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD State Senate 26 Race - Nov 05, 1974". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ a b c d "Biography of Steny Hoyer". Retrieved November 18, 2006.
- ^ "YDA past officers (1932-2019)". Young Democrats of America. 2019. Retrieved January 27, 2020.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD Lt. Governor - D Primary Race - Sep 12, 1978". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ Shailagh Murray "Political Pragmatism Carried Hoyer to the Top". The Washington Post, page A6. Friday, November 17, 2006.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD District 5 - Special D Primary Race - Apr 07, 1981". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD - District 5 - Special Election Race - May 19, 1981". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD District 5 Race - Nov 02, 1982". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD District 5 Race - Nov 03, 1992". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - Candidate - Steny H. Hoyer". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- ^ "Steny Hoyer on the Issues". On The Issues. Retrieved June 17, 2008.
- ^ "House Prepares to Debate New Surveillance Law". CNBC. Associated Press. June 20, 2008. Retrieved December 5, 2018.
- ^ Sargent, Greg. "Steny Hoyer Says Some Strong Words Against Telecom Immunity". Election Central. Talking Points Memo. Archived from the original on April 7, 2008. Retrieved June 18, 2008.
- ^ Bob Fertik. "Wiretapping: Impeachment Not Immunity". Democrats.com. Archived from the original on June 18, 2008. Retrieved June 17, 2008.
- ^ Kagro X. "Hoyer: I've lost all control". DailyKos. Retrieved June 18, 2008.
- ^ Glenn Greenwald. "Targeting Steny Hoyer for his contempt for the rule of law". Salon.com. Retrieved June 19, 2008.
- ^ Lichtblau, Eric (June 20, 2008). "Deal Reached in Congress to Rewrite Rules on Wiretapping". The New York Times. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
- ^ Pelosi, Nancy; Hoyer, Steny (August 10, 2009). "'Un-American' attacks can't derail health care debate". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 18, 2010. Retrieved August 23, 2010.
- ^ "Hoyer: Permanent middle class tax cuts too costly". WEAR-TV. Associated Press. June 22, 2010. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011. Retrieved June 22, 2010.
- ^ Panetta, Grace. "WHIP COUNT: Here's which members of the House voted for and against impeaching Trump". Business Insider.
- ^ "Roll Call 541 | Bill Number: H. R. 5682". Office of the Clerk. U.S. House of Representatives. December 8, 2006. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
- ^ "Rep. Steny Hoyer :: newsroom". Archived from the original on July 25, 2007.
- ^ Weisman, Jonathan; Kane, Paul (December 8, 2007). "Hill Close To Deal on War Funds". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
- ^ Soraghan, Mike (September 18, 2007). "Hoyer takes aim at Moran's AIPAC comment". The Hill. Retrieved September 19, 2007.
- ^ "House votes to rebuke UN on Israeli settlement resolution". The Hill. January 5, 2017.
- ^ "In US Congress, robust backing for Trump's Jerusalem move". The Times of Israel. December 6, 2017.
- ^ Krieger, Hillary Leila (January 7, 2007). "Democrats: Nuclear Iran unacceptable". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved January 8, 2007.
- ^ "Don't Let Democrats Become the Party of War". Foreign Policy. February 4, 2019.
- ^ "H.R. 4120 - All Actions". Congress.gov. Library of Congress. Retrieved April 30, 2014.
- ^ "CBO - H.R. 4120". Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved April 28, 2014.
- ^ "Hoyer Is a Giver". Congressional Quarterly. July 14, 2008.
- ^ "Hoyer has won contested leadership races before - FoxNews.com". Fox News. November 5, 2010.
- ^ "CNN: Scramble is on to replace Congressional leaders". CNN. November 9, 2006. Retrieved November 9, 2006.
- ^ "About the Majority Leader". Office of the House Democratic Majority Leader. Archived from the original on January 15, 2007.
- ^ Murphy, Patricia (November 3, 2010). "Nancy Pelosi Has 'No Regrets' Following Midterm Rout". The Capitolist. Politics Daily. Archived from the original on November 4, 2010.
- ^ Camia, Catalina (November 8, 2010). "Democrats Hoyer, Clyburn fight for leadership post". USA Today.
- ^ "Hire Hoyer". The Washington Post.
- ^ O'Connor, Patrick (November 8, 2010). "Hoyer, Clyburn: An Impromptu Leadership Fight". The Wall Street Journal.
- ^ "High Profile Dems Back Hoyer In Whip Race".
- ^ Burner, Darcy (May 25, 2011). "The Progressive Case for Steny Hoyer as Minority Whip". Huffington Post.
- ^ Kane, Paul (November 10, 2010). "In race for whip, Hoyer gets liberals' support". The Washington Post.
- ^ Rowley, James (November 13, 2010). "Pelosi Heads Off Democratic Leadership Fight, Backs Hoyer for No. 2 Post". Bloomberg.
- ^ "'Assistant leader' for Clyburn".
- ^ Fang, Lee (April 26, 2018). "SECRETLY TAPED AUDIO REVEALS DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP PRESSURING PROGRESSIVE TO LEAVE RACE". The Intercept. Retrieved April 26, 2018.
- ^ "CQ Press Library". library.cqpress.com. Archived from the original on February 16, 2016.
- ^ "MD - District 5 - Special Election Race - May 19, 1981". Our Campaigns. Retrieved August 23, 2010.
- ^ "Official 2012 Presidential General Election results for Representative in Congress". Maryland State Board of Elections. November 28, 2012. Retrieved December 27, 2012.
- ^ "Official 2014 Gubernatorial General Election results for Representative in Congress". Maryland State Board of Elections. December 2, 2014. Retrieved October 18, 2015.
- ^ "Official 2016 Presidential General Election results for Representative in Congress". Maryland State Board of Elections. December 9, 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2017.
- ^ Pershing, Ben (June 6, 2012). "Steny Hoyer's daughter comes out as a lesbian". The Washington Post.
- ^ "The Judy Center website". Archived from the original on March 1, 2007. Retrieved November 18, 2006.
- ^ "Epilepsy Foundation announcement of Judith Hoyer lectureship program". Epilepsy Foundation. January 28, 2002. Archived from the original on October 28, 2007. Retrieved November 18, 2006.
- ^ "Epilepsy Foundation Recognizes the Honorable Steny H. Hoyer For Longstanding Support". Epilepsy Foundation. March 26, 2002. Archived from the original on December 14, 2007. Retrieved November 18, 2006.
- ^ "Board". International Foundation for Electoral Systems. 2018. Retrieved July 5, 2018.
- ^ "Advisory Board - Center for the Study of Democracy". Center for the Study of Democracy. Archived from the original on April 27, 2018. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
- ^ Ehrlich, Jamie (July 4, 2018). "Steny Hoyer admitted to hospital, diagnosed with pneumonia". CNN. Retrieved July 5, 2018.
- ^ Schwartzman, Paul (July 4, 2018). "Maryland Rep. Steny Hoyer Hospitalized with Pneumonia". The Washington Post. Retrieved July 5, 2018.
External links[edit]
![]() |
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Steny Hoyer. |
- Congressman Steny Hoyer official U.S. House website
- Office of the Majority Leader Steny Hoyer
- Steny Hoyer at Curlie
- Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
- Profile at Vote Smart
- Financial information (federal office) at the Federal Election Commission
- Legislation sponsored at the Library of Congress
- Appearances on C-SPAN
U.S. House of Representatives | ||
---|---|---|
Preceded by Gladys Spellman |
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Maryland's 5th congressional district 1981–present |
Incumbent |
Preceded by Al D'Amato |
Chair of the Joint Helsinki Commission 1987–1989 |
Succeeded by Dennis DeConcini |
Preceded by Dennis DeConcini |
Chair of the Joint Helsinki Commission 1991–1993 | |
Preceded by Nancy Pelosi |
House Minority Whip 2003–2007 |
Succeeded by Roy Blunt |
Preceded by John Boehner |
House Majority Leader 2007–2011 |
Succeeded by Eric Cantor |
Preceded by Eric Cantor |
House Minority Whip 2011–2019 |
Succeeded by Steve Scalise |
Preceded by Kevin McCarthy |
House Majority Leader 2019–present |
Incumbent |
Party political offices | ||
Preceded by Mary Rose Oakar |
Vice Chair of the House Democratic Conference 1989 |
Succeeded by Vic Fazio |
Preceded by William Gray |
Chair of the House Democratic Conference 1989–1995 | |
U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial) | ||
Preceded by Chris Smith |
United States Representatives by seniority 5th |
Succeeded by Marcy Kaptur |
- 1939 births
- 21st-century American politicians
- American people of Danish descent
- American people of English descent
- American people of German descent
- American people of Scottish descent
- Baptists from Maryland
- Baptists from New York (state)
- Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives
- Georgetown University Law Center alumni
- Living people
- Maryland Democrats
- Maryland lawyers
- Maryland state senators
- Members of the United States House of Representatives from Maryland
- People from Mitchellville, Maryland
- People from St. Mary's County, Maryland
- Politicians from New York City
- Presidents of the Maryland State Senate
- St. Mary's College of Maryland
- University of Maryland, College Park alumni