Dynasty

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Charles I of England and his son, the future James II of England, from the House of Stuart.

The Qing dynasty was the final imperial dynasty of China, established in 1636 and ended in 1912, with a brief restoration in 1917.

The Topkapı Palace served as the main residence and administrative headquarters of the sultans of the Ottoman dynasty.

A dynasty (UK: /ˈdɪnəsti/, US: /ˈdaɪnəsti/) is a sequence of rulers from the same family,^[1] usually in the context of a feudal or monarchical system, but sometimes also appearing in elective republics. Alternative terms for "dynasty" may include "house", "family" and "clan", among others. The longest-surviving dynasty in the world is the Imperial House of Japan, otherwise known as the Yamato dynasty, whose reign is traditionally dated to 660 BC.

The dynastic family or lineage may be known as a "noble house",^[2] which may be styled as "imperial", "royal", "princely", "ducal", "comital", "baronial" etc., depending upon the chief or present title borne by its members.

Historians periodize the histories of many nations and civilizations, such as Ancient Egypt (3100–30 BC) and Imperial China (221 BC–AD 1912), using a framework of successive dynasties. As such, the term "dynasty" may be used to delimit the era during which a family reigned, and also to describe events, trends and artifacts of that period (e.g., "a Ming-dynasty vase"). The word "dynasty" itself is often dropped from such adjectival references (e.g., "a Ming vase").

Until the 19th century, it was taken for granted that a legitimate function of a monarch was to aggrandize his dynasty: that is, to expand the wealth and power of his family members.^[3]

Prior to the 20th century, dynasties throughout the world have traditionally been reckoned patrilineally, such as under the Frankish Salic law. In nations where it was permitted, succession through a daughter usually established a new dynasty in her husband's ruling house. This has changed in some places in Europe, where succession law and convention have maintained dynasties de jure through a female. For instance, the House of Windsor will be maintained through the children of Queen Elizabeth II, as it did with the monarchy of the Netherlands, whose dynasty remained the House of Orange-Nassau through three successive queens regnant. The earliest such example among major European monarchies was in the Russian Empire in the 18th century, where the name of the House of Romanov was maintained through Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna. This also happened in the case of Queen Maria II of Portugal, who married Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, but whose descendants remained members of the House of Braganza, per Portuguese law. In Limpopo Province of South Africa, Balobedu determined descent matrilineally, while rulers have at other times adopted the name of their mother's dynasty when coming into her inheritance. Less frequently, a monarchy has alternated or been rotated, in a multi-dynastic (or polydynastic) system – that is, the most senior living members of parallel dynasties, at any point in time, constitute the line of succession.

Not all feudal states or monarchies were/are ruled by dynasties; modern examples are the Vatican City State, the Principality of Andorra, and the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta. Throughout history, there were monarchs that did not belong to any dynasty; non-dynastic rulers include King Arioald of the Lombards and Emperor Phocas of the Byzantine Empire. Dynasties ruling subnational monarchies do not possess sovereign rights; two modern examples are the monarchies of Malaysia and the royal families of the United Arab Emirates.

The word "dynasty" is sometimes used informally for people who are not rulers but are, for example, members of a family with influence and power in other areas, such as a series of successive owners of a major company. It is also extended to unrelated people, such as major poets of the same school or various rosters of a single sports team.^[1]

Etymology[edit]

The word "dynasty" derives from Latin dynastia, which comes from Greek dynastéia (δυναστεία), where it referred to "power", "dominion", and "rule" itself.^[4] It was the abstract noun of dynástēs (δυνάστης),^[5] the agent noun of dynamis (δύναμις), "power" or "ability",^[6] from dýnamai (δύναμαι), "to be able".^[7]

Dynasts[edit]

A ruler from a dynasty is sometimes referred to as a "dynast", but this term is also used to describe any member of a reigning family who retains a right to succeed to a throne. For example, King Edward VIII ceased to be a dynast of the House of Windsor following his abdication.

In historical and monarchist references to formerly reigning families, a "dynast" is a family member who would have had succession rights, were the monarchy's rules still in force. For example, after the 1914 assassinations of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his morganatic wife, Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg, their son Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg, was bypassed for the Austro-Hungarian throne because he was not a Habsburg dynast. Even since the abolition of the Austrian monarchy, Duke Maximilian and his descendants have not been considered the rightful pretenders by Austrian monarchists, nor have they claimed that position.

The term "dynast" is sometimes used only to refer to agnatic descendants of a realm's monarchs, and sometimes to include those who hold succession rights through cognatic royal descent. The term can therefore describe overlapping but distinct sets of people. For example, David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon, a nephew of Queen Elizabeth II through her sister Princess Margaret, is in the line of succession to the British crown; in that sense, he is a British dynast, but since he is not a patrilineal member of the British royal family, he is therefore not a dynast of the House of Windsor.

On the other hand, the German aristocrat Prince Ernst August of Hanover, a male-line descendant of King George III of the United Kingdom, possesses no legal British name, titles or styles (although he is entitled to reclaim the former royal dukedom of Cumberland). He was born in the line of succession to the British throne and was bound by Britain's Royal Marriages Act 1772 until it was repealed when the Succession to the Crown Act 2013 took effect on 26 March 2015.^[8] Thus, he requested and obtained formal permission from Queen Elizabeth II to marry the Roman Catholic Princess Caroline of Monaco in 1999. Yet, a clause of the English Act of Settlement 1701 remained in effect at that time, stipulating that dynasts who marry Roman Catholics are considered "dead" for the purpose of succession to the British throne.^[9] That exclusion, too, ceased to apply on 26 March 2015, with retroactive effect for those who had been dynasts prior to triggering it by marriage to a Roman Catholic.^[8]

A "dynastic marriage" is one that complies with monarchical house law restrictions, so that the descendants are eligible to inherit the throne or other royal privileges. The marriage of King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands to Queen Máxima Zorreguieta in 2002 was dynastic, for example, and their eldest child Princess Catharina-Amalia is expected to inherit the Crown of the Netherlands eventually. However, the marriage of his younger brother Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau to Princess Mabel of Orange-Nassau in 2003 lacked governmental support and parliamentary approval. Thus, Prince Friso forfeited his place in the order of succession to the Dutch throne, lost his title as a "Prince of the Netherlands", and left his children without dynastic rights.

Gallery[edit]

Zhao Kuangyin, the Emperor Taizu of Song, was the founder of the Song dynasty in China.
Babur, of the Timurid dynasty, was the first emperor of the Mughal Empire in India.
Muhammad Ali Pasha, founder of the Muhammad Ali dynasty, ruled Egypt and Sudan from 1805 to 1848.
Peter I, from the House of Romanov, was the first Russian monarch to rule as emperor.
Constantine XI Palaiologos, of the Palaiologos dynasty, was the final monarch of the Byzantine Empire.
Pedro II, from the Most Serene House of Braganza, ruled Brazil from 1831 to 1889.
Kalākaua, founder of the House of Kalākaua, was the penultimate sovereign ruler of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi.
Asahito, the Emperor Higashiyama, from the Imperial House of Japan, was the 113th Japanese emperor.
Christian I, from the House of Oldenburg, served as king of Denmark, Norway and Sweden.
Aisin Gioro Xuanye, the Kangxi Emperor, of the Qing dynasty, was the longest reigning emperor of China.
Mohammad Shah Qajar was a king of Persia from the Qajar dynasty.
Yi Dan, King Taejo of Joseon, ruled Korea from 1392 to 1398 as the first king of Joseon.
Nikola I, of the Petrović-Njegoš dynasty, ruled Montenegro from 1860 to 1918.
Nguyễn Phúc Bửu Lân, the Emperor Thành Thái, of the Nguyễn dynasty, was emperor of Vietnam from 1889 to 1907.
Ahmad al-Mansur, of the Saadi dynasty, was sultan of Morocco from 1578 to 1603.
Napoleon I, from the House of Bonaparte, ruled over France and Italy.
Thibaw Min was the last monarch of the Konbaung dynasty in Myanmar.
Edward VI, from the House of Tudor, reigned as king of England and Ireland from 1547 to 1553.
Ranavalona I, of the Hova dynasty, was queen regnant of Madagascar from 1828 to 1861.
Shō Tai, of the Second Shō dynasty, was the final sovereign ruler of the Ryukyu Kingdom.
Zaman Shah Durrani Sadozai, of the Durrani dynasty, ruled Afghanistan from 1793 to 1800.
Wanyan Aguda, the Emperor Taizu of Jin, was the progenitor of the Jin dynasty in China.
Trần Thuyên, the Emperor Trần Anh Tông, of the Trần dynasty, ruled Vietnam from 1293 to 1314.
Otto I, from the House of Wittelsbach, was king of Greece from 1832 to 1862.
Tamar was queen regnant of the Bagrationi dynasty in Georgia.
Khayishan, the Külüg Khan and Emperor Wuzong of Yuan, was the seventh khagan of the Mongol Empire and the third emperor of the Yuan dynasty in China.
Milan I, of the Obrenović dynasty, ruled Serbia from 1868 to 1889.
Agustín I was the first and only Mexican emperor from the House of Iturbide.
Sigismund III, from the House of Vasa, was monarch of Poland, Lithuania, Sweden and Finland.
Leopold I, from the House of Habsburg, was emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, and king of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia.
Wang Jeon, King Gongmin of Goryeo, ruled Korea from 1351 to 1374 as king of Goryeo.
Wilhelm I, from the House of Hohenzollern, was the first German emperor.
Victor Emmanuel II, from the House of Savoy, was the first king of Italy.

List of dynasties and dynastic regimes by region[edit]

Some dynasties appear more than once in this list, because:

more than one realm was/is ruled by a single dynasty (for example, the House of Windsor is the ruling dynasty of 16 sovereign states); or
a single realm spanned/spans across more than one geographical region (for example, the Tang dynasty ruled over China proper, Dzungaria, the Tarim Basin, Hainan, the northern portions of the Korean Peninsula and Vietnam, as well as parts of Central Asia, the Mongolian Plateau, Siberia and Afghanistan).

Africa[edit]

Central African Republic[edit]

al-'Abbasi dynasty (AD 1501–1912) – Wadai Sultanate
House of Bokassa (c. AD 1976–1979) – Limited international recognition

Chad[edit]

Duguwa dynasty (c. AD 700–1075) – Kanem–Bornu Empire
Sayfawa dynasty (c. AD 1075–1846) – Kanem–Bornu Empire
Kenga dynasty (AD 1522–1897) – Sultanate of Bagirmi
al-'Abbasi dynasty (AD 1501–1912) – Wadai Sultanate

Congo[edit]

House of Kilukeni (AD 1390–1567) – Kingdom of Kongo
Kingdom of Loango (AD 1550–1883)
Kwilu dynasty (AD 1568–1622, AD 1626–1636) – Kingdom of Kongo
Kingdom of Luba (AD 1585–1889)
House of Nsundi (AD 1622–1626) – Kingdom of Kongo
Kingdom of Lunda (AD 1665–1887)
House of Kinlaza (AD 1665–1666, AD 1669–1716, AD 1743–1752, AD 1764–1787, AD 1842–1857, AD 1859–1891) – Kingdom of Kongo
House of Kimpanzu (AD 1665, AD 1666–1669, AD 1669–1670, AD 1673–1715, AD 1718–1743, AD 1752–1758, AD 1763–1764, AD 1857–1859, AD 1891–1896) – Kingdom of Kongo
House of Água Rosada (AD 1688–1718, AD 1803–1842) – Kingdom of Kongo
Anziku Kingdom (AD 17th century–19th century)
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1885–1920) – Congo Free State (AD 1885–1908) and Congo under Belgian rule (AD 1908–1920)
- House of Belgium (AD 1920–1960) – Congo under Belgian rule

Egypt[edit]

Dynasty I of Egypt (c. 3100–2890 BC)
Dynasty II of Egypt (2890–2686 BC)
Dynasty III of Egypt (2686–2613 BC) – Old Kingdom of Egypt
Dynasty IV of Egypt (2613–2498 BC) – Old Kingdom of Egypt
Dynasty V of Egypt (2498–2345 BC) – Old Kingdom of Egypt
Dynasty VI of Egypt (2345–2181 BC) – Old Kingdom of Egypt
Dynasty VII of Egypt – Spurious
Dynasty VIII of Egypt (2181–2160 BC)
Dynasty IX of Egypt (2160–2130 BC)
Dynasty X of Egypt (2130–2040 BC)
Dynasty XI of Egypt (2134–1991 BC) – Middle Kingdom of Egypt
Dynasty XII of Egypt (1991–1803 BC) – Middle Kingdom of Egypt
Dynasty XIII of Egypt (1803–1649 BC)
Dynasty XIV of Egypt (1705–1690 BC)
Dynasty XV of Egypt (1674–1535 BC)
Dynasty XVI of Egypt (1660–1600 BC)
Abydos dynasty (1650–1600 BC) – Hypothesized
Dynasty XVII of Egypt (1650–1549 BC)
Dynasty XVIII of Egypt (1549–1292 BC) – New Kingdom of Egypt
Dynasty XIX of Egypt (1292–1186 BC) – New Kingdom of Egypt
Dynasty XX of Egypt (1186–1069 BC) – New Kingdom of Egypt
Dynasty XXI of Egypt (1069–945 BC)
Dynasty XXII of Egypt (945–720 BC)
Dynasty XXIII of Egypt (837–728 BC)
Dynasty XXIV of Egypt (732–720 BC)
Dynasty XXV of Egypt (732–653 BC)
Dynasty XXVI of Egypt (672–525 BC)
Dynasty XXVII of Egypt (525–404 BC) – Egypt within the Achaemenid Empire
Dynasty XXVIII of Egypt (404–398 BC)
Dynasty XXIX of Egypt (398–380 BC)
Dynasty XXX of Egypt (380–343 BC)
Dynasty XXXI of Egypt (343–332 BC) – Achaemenid rule in Egypt restored during the reign of Artaxerxes III
Argead dynasty (332–309 BC)
Ptolemaic dynasty (305–30 BC)
Julio-Claudian dynasty (27 BC–AD 68) – Egypt under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96) – Egypt under Roman rule
Nervan-Antonian dynasty (AD 96–192) – Egypt under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (AD 193–235) – Egypt under Roman rule
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – Egypt under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – Egypt under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268) – Egypt under Roman rule
Illyrian emperors (AD 268–270, AD 273–284) – Egypt under Roman rule
House of Odaenathus (AD 270–273) – Palmyrene Empire
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285) – Egypt under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (AD 303–336) – Egypt under Roman rule
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–378) – Egypt under Roman rule
Theodosian dynasty (AD 379–457) – Egypt under Roman rule (AD 379–395) and Egypt under Byzantine rule (AD 395–457)
House of Leo (AD 457–518) – Egypt under Byzantine rule
Justinian dynasty (AD 518–602) – Egypt under Byzantine rule
Heraclian dynasty (AD 602–619, AD 628–641) – Egypt under Byzantine rule
House of Sasan (AD 619–628)
Umayyad dynasty (AD 661–750) – Umayyad Caliphate
Abbasid Caliphate (AD 750–935)
Tulunid dynasty (AD 868–905)
Ikhshidid dynasty (AD 935–969)
Fatimid Caliphate (AD 969–1171)
Ayyubid dynasty (AD 1171–1250)
Bahri dynasty (AD 1250–1382) – Mamluk Sultanate
Burji dynasty (AD 1382–1517) – Mamluk Sultanate
Ottoman dynasty (AD 1517–1798, AD 1801–1867) – Egypt administered as the Egypt Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire
Muhammad Ali dynasty (AD 1805–1953) – Also called "Alawiyya dynasty"

Eswatini (Swaziland)[edit]

House of Dlamini (1745–present)
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1906–1917) – Eswatini under British rule
- House of Windsor (1917–1968) – Eswatini under British rule

Ethiopia[edit]

Solomonic dynasty (ሰለሞናዊው ሥርወ መንግሥት) (AD 100–940, AD 1270–1974)
- Gondarine line (AD 1606–1769)
- Tewodros dynasty (AD 1855–1868)
- Tigrayan line (AD 1871–1889)
- Shewan line (AD 1889–1936, AD 1941–1975)
Zagwe dynasty (c. AD 900–1270, AD 1868–1871)
Walashma dynasty (AD 1285–1577)
Gideons dynasty (?–AD 1627) – Kingdom of Semien
Mudaito dynasty (AD 1734–1971)
House of Savoy (AD 1936–1947) – Ethiopia under Italian rule

Guinea[edit]

Keita dynasty (c. 1200–1670)

Lesotho[edit]

House of Moshesh (1822–present)

Madagascar[edit]

Hova dynasty (1540–1897) – Merina Kingdom

Morocco[edit]

Idrisid dynasty (789–974)
Almoravid dynasty (1060–1147)
Almohad dynasty (1147–1258)
Marinid dynasty (1258–1465)
Wattasid dynasty (1471–1554)
Saadi dynasty (1554–1659)
Alaouite dynasty (1666–present)

Nigeria[edit]

Eri dynasty of the Igbo and Igala peoples
Ibn Fodio dynasty of Sokoto and Gwandu
Jaja dynasty of Opobu
Modibo Adama dynasty of Adamawa
el-Kanemi dynasty of Bornu
Ooduan dynasty of Ife, Egba, Ketu, Sabe, Oyo, Ijero and the Ilas
- Asodeboyede dynasty of Akure (a cadet branch of the Ooduan dynasty)
  - Ologun Kutere dynasty of Lagos (a cadet branch of the Ooduan dynasty)
    - Eweka dynasty of Benin (a cadet branch of the Ooduan dynasty)
Sayfawa dynasty of Bornu

Senegambia[edit]

Lamanic period
- Joof Dynasty
  - Wagadou (princesses from the Kingdom of Wagadou, later Ghana Empire married into the Serer nobility) (c. 11th century or sooner-1350)
    - Guelowar Dynasty (1350–1969)
Joos (1367–1855), founded by Lingeer Ndoye Demba

Somalia[edit]

Macrobia Kingdom – Legendary
Adal Kingdom (AD 9th century–13th century)
House of Garen (AD 9th century–17th century) – Sultanate of Mogadishu and Ajuran Sultanate (Saldanadii Ajuuraan)
Warsangali Sultanate (Saldanadii Warsangali) (AD 1218–1886)
Walashma dynasty (Boqortooyadii Walashma) (AD 1285–1577) – Sultanate of Ifat and Adal Sultanate (Saldanadii Cadal)
Gobroon dynasty (AD 17th century–1910) – Sultanate of the Geledi (Saldanada Geledi)
Majeerteen Sultanate (Saldanadii Majeerteen) (c. AD 1800–1924)
Sultanate of Hobyo (Saldanadii Hobyo) (AD 1878–1925)
House of Hanover (AD 1884–1901) – Somaliland under British rule
House of Savoy (AD 1889–1946) – Somaliland under Italian rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Somaliland under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–1940, AD 1941–1960) – Somaliland under British rule

South Africa[edit]

Zulu royal family – Traditional leaders of the Zulu tribe (Non-sovereign)
Rain Queen dynasty – Traditional leaders of the Balobedu tribe (Non-sovereign)
Transkeian dynasty – Traditional leaders of the Thembu tribe (Non-sovereign)

Sudan[edit]

Muhammad Ali dynasty (1821–1885) – Also called "Alawiyya dynasty"
House of al-Mahdi (1845–1945)

Asia[edit]

Afghanistan[edit]

Median Kingdom (678–550 BC)
Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC)
Seleucid dynasty (330–150 BC)
Maurya Empire (305–180 BC)
House of Diodotus (255–223 BC) – Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
Arsacid dynasty (247 BC–AD 224)
Euthydemid dynasty (230 BC–AD 10) – Greco-Bactrian Kingdom and Indo-Greek Kingdom
House of Eucratides (170–130 BC) – Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
House of Suren (12 BC–AD 130) – Indo-Parthian Kingdom
Kushan Empire (AD 30–248)
House of Sasan (AD 230–651)
Kidarites (AD 320–465)
Alchon Huns (AD 380–560)
Hephthalite Empire (AD 410–557)
Nezak Huns (AD 484–711)
Kabul Shahi dynasties (AD 500–1026)
- Turk Shahi (AD 665–850)
- Hindu Shahi
Tang dynasty (AD 657–670) – Chinese rule over parts of Afghanistan under the Protectorate General to Pacify the West
Umayyad dynasty (AD 661–750) – Umayyad Caliphate
Abbasid Caliphate (AD 750–821)
Tahirid dynasty (AD 821–873)
Saffarid dynasty (AD 863–900)
Samanid Empire (AD 875–999)
Ghurid dynasty (AD 879–1215)
Ghaznavid dynasty (AD 963–1187)
Seljuq dynasty (AD 1037–1194)
Khwarazmian dynasty (AD 1215–1231)
Qarlughid dynasty (AD 1224–1266)
Chagatai Khanate (AD 1225–1370)
Ilkhanate (AD 1258–1353)
Khalji dynasty (AD 1290–1320)
Kurt dynasty (AD 1245–1381)
Samma dynasty (AD 1351–1524)
Timurid dynasty (AD 1370–1738) – Afghanistan within the Timurid Empire and Mughal Empire
Safavid dynasty (AD 1510–1709)
Arghun dynasty (AD 1520–1554)
Tarkhan dynasty (AD 1554–1591)
Hotak dynasty (AD 1709–1738)
Afsharid dynasty (AD 1738–1747)
Durrani dynasty (AD 1747–1826)
Barakzai dynasty (AD 1826–1973)
- Musahiban (AD 1929–1973)

Armenia[edit]

Orontid Dynasty
Artaxiad Dynasty or the Artashesi Dynasty (189 BC-12 AD)
Arsacid Dynasty or the Arshakuni Dynasty (54–428)
Bagratuni Dynasty or the Bagratid Dynasty of Armenia (885–1045)
Rubenid Dynasty of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (1080–1225)
House of Lusignan, the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (1342–1467)
Kara Koyunlu (1374–1468)

Bahrain[edit]

Uyunid dynasty (1076–1253)
Usfurids (1253–1320)
Jarwanid dynasty (14th century–15th century)
Jabrids (15th century–16th century)
House of Khalifa (1783–present)

Bhutan[edit]

House of Wangchuck (དབང་ཕྱུག་རྒྱལ་བརྒྱུད་) (1907–present)

Brunei[edit]

House of Bolkiah (1368–present)

Cambodia[edit]

Varman dynasty (13th century–present)
- House of Norodom (ផ្ទះនរោត្តម) (1860–1904, 1941–1960, 1993–present)
- House of Sisowath (ព្រះបាទស៊ីសុវតិ្ថ) (1904–1941)

Central Asia[edit]

House of Diodotus (255–223 BC) – Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
Euthydemid dynasty (230 BC–AD 10) – Greco-Bactrian Kingdom and Indo-Greek Kingdom
Luandi clan (209 BC–AD 93) – Xiongnu confederation (209 BC–AD 48) and Northern Xiongnu (AD 48–93)
House of Eucratides (170–130 BC) – Greco-Bactrian Kingdom
Xianbei state (c. AD 93–234)
House of Sasan (AD 224–651)
Kidarites (AD 320–500)
Ashina tribe (AD 552–659) – Turkic Khaganate and Western Turkic Khaganate
Tang dynasty (AD 640–690, AD 705–790) – Chinese rule over Central Asia under the Protectorate General to Pacify the West and various other protectorates
- Wu Zhou (AD 690–705) – Interrupted the Tang dynasty
Principality of Chaghaniyan (AD 7th century–8th century)
Principality of Khuttal (AD 7th century–750)
Principality of Farghana (AD 8th century–819)
Karluk Yabghu State (AD 756–840)
Principality of Ushrusana (?–AD 892)
Oghuz Yabgu State (AD 766–1055)
Samanid Empire (AD 819–999)
Kara-Khanid Khanate (AD 840–1212)
- Eastern Kara-Khanid (AD 1032–1210)
- Western Kara-Khanid (AD 1041–1212)
Ghurid dynasty (c. AD 879–1215)
Ghaznavid dynasty (AD 977–1186)
Seljuq dynasty (AD 1037–1194)
Khwarazmian dynasty (AD 1077–1231)
Western Liao dynasty (AD 1124–1218) – Also called "Qara Khitai"
Mongol Empire (AD 1207–1368)
- Chagatai Khanate (AD 1225–1346)
  - Western Chagatai Khanate (AD 1346–1402)
  - Moghulistan (AD 1347–1680)
    - Yarkent Khanate (AD 1514–1705)
- Golden Horde (AD 1240s–1502)
  - Kazakh Khanate (AD 1465–1848)
Sufi dynasty (AD 1361–1379)
Timurid dynasty (AD 1370–1507) – Timurid Empire
Shaybanid dynasty (AD 1428–1883)
- Manghit dynasty (AD 1785–1920) – Emirate of Bukhara
Khanate of Khiva (AD 1511–1920)
Janid dynasty (AD 1599–1747)
Hotak dynasty (AD 1709–1738)
Khanate of Kokand (AD 1709–1883)
Durrani Empire (AD 1747–1826)
Qing dynasty (AD 1759–1912) – Eastern Turkestan under Qing rule
House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (AD 1867–1917) – Western Turkestan under Russian rule

Champa[edit]

1st dynasty (192–336)
2nd dynasty (336–420)
3rd dynasty (420–529)
4th dynasty (529–758)
5th dynasty (758–854)
6th dynasty (854–989)
7th dynasty (989–1044)
8th dynasty (1044–1074)
9th dynasty (1074–1139)
10th dynasty (1139–1145)
11th dynasty (1145–1190)
12th dynasty (1190–1318)
13th dynasty (1318–1390)
14th dynasty (1390–1458)
15th dynasty (1458–1471)
vacant (1471–1695)
Dynasty of Po Saktiraidaputih (1695–1822)

China[edit]

Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors (三皇五帝（ㄙㄢㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄨˇ ㄉㄧˋ）) (2852–2070 BC) – Mythical
Yu dynasty (虞朝（ㄩˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) – Legendary
Xia dynasty (夏朝（ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄔㄠˊ）) (2070–1600 BC) – Semi-legendary; Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Huaxia descent
Shang dynasty (商朝（ㄕㄤㄔㄠˊ）) (1600–1046 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
Zhou dynasty (周朝（ㄓㄡㄔㄠˊ）) (1046–256 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Western Zhou (西周（ㄒㄧㄓㄡ）) (1046–771 BC)
- Eastern Zhou (东周（ㄉㄨㄥㄓㄡ）/東周) (770–256 BC)
Spring and Autumn period (春秋时代（ㄔㄨㄣㄑㄧㄡㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ）/春秋時代) (771–476 BC)
- Total of 148 dynastic states were recorded during the Spring and Autumn period (See list)
Warring States period (战国时代（ㄓㄢˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ）/戰國時代) (475–221 BC)
- Yue (越（ㄩㄝˋ）) (2032–334 BC) – Ruled by the House of Si (姒) of Baiyue descent
- Ba (巴（ㄅㄚ）) (1122–316 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Song (宋（ㄙㄨㄥˋ）) (1114–286 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zi (子) of Huaxia descent
- Cai (蔡（ㄘㄞˋ）) (1046–447 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Teng (滕（ㄊㄥˊ）) (1046–297 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Qi (齐（ㄑㄧˊ）/齊) (1046–221 BC)
  - Jiang Qi (姜齐（ㄐㄧㄤㄑㄧˊ）/姜齊) (1046–386 BC) – Ruled by the House of Jiang (姜) of Huaxia descent
  - Tian Qi (田齐（ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄑㄧˊ）/田齊) (386–221 BC) – Ruled by the House of Tian (田) of Huaxia descent
- Shu (蜀（ㄕㄨˇ）) (1045–316 BC)
  - Kaiming dynasty (开明（ㄎㄞㄇㄧㄥˊ）/開明) (666–316 BC)
- Yan (燕（ㄧㄢ）) (1044–222 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Lu (鲁（ㄌㄨˇ）/魯) (1042–249 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Wei (卫（ㄨㄟˋ）/衛) (1040–209 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Chu (楚（ㄔㄨˇ）) (1030–223 BC) – Ruled by the House of Mi (芈) of Huaxia descent
  - Later Chu (后楚（ㄏㄡˋ ㄔㄨˇ）/後楚) (208–206 BC)
- Qin (秦（ㄑㄧㄣˊ）) (897–207 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (贏) of Huaxia descent
- Zheng (郑（ㄓㄥˋ）/鄭) (806–375 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Yiqu (义渠（ㄧˋ ㄑㄩˊ）/義渠) (720–272 BC)
- Zhongshan (中山（ㄓㄨㄥㄕㄢ）) (414–296 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Beidi descent
- Han (韩（ㄏㄢˊ）/韓) (403–230 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Wei (魏（ㄨㄟˋ）) (403–225 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ji (姬) of Huaxia descent
- Zhao (赵（ㄓㄠˋ）/趙) (403–222 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (贏) of Huaxia descent
- Dai (代（ㄉㄞˋ）) (228–222 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (贏)
Minyue (闽越（ㄇㄧㄣˇ ㄩㄝˋ）/閩越) (334–111 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zou (驺/騶) of Baiyue descent
Dian Kingdom (滇国（ㄉㄧㄢㄍㄨㄛˊ）/滇國) (278–109 BC)
Buyeo (扶余（ㄈㄨˊ ㄩˊ）/扶餘) (239 BC–AD 494)
- Northern Buyeo (北扶余（ㄅㄟˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄩˊ）/北扶餘) (239–58 BC)
- Jolbon Buyeo (卒本扶余（ㄗㄨˊ ㄅㄣˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄩˊ）/卒本扶餘) (86–37 BC)
- Eastern Buyeo (东扶余（ㄉㄨㄥㄈㄨˊ ㄩˊ）/東扶餘) (86 BC–AD 410)
Qin dynasty (秦朝（ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) (221–207 BC) – Ruled by the House of Ying (贏) of Huaxia descent
Xiongnu confederation (匈奴（ㄒㄩㄥㄋㄨˊ）) (209 BC–AD 48) – Ruled by the House of Luandi (挛鞮/攣鞮) of Xiongnu descent
- Southern Xiongnu (南匈奴（ㄋㄢˊ ㄒㄩㄥㄋㄨˊ）) (AD 48–216)
Eighteen Kingdoms (十八国（ㄕˊ ㄅㄚㄍㄨㄛˊ）/十八國) (206 BC)
- See list
Western Chu (西楚（ㄒㄧㄔㄨˇ）) (206–202 BC) – Ruled by the House of Xiang (项/項) of Huaxia descent
Nanyue (南越（ㄋㄢˊ ㄩㄝˋ）) (204–111 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zhao (赵/趙) of Huaxia descent
Han dynasty (汉朝（ㄏㄢˋ ㄔㄠˊ）/漢朝) (202 BC–AD 9, AD 23–220) – Ruled by the House of Liu (刘/劉) of Han Chinese descent
- Western Han (西汉（ㄒㄧㄏㄢˋ）/西漢) (202 BC–AD 9)
- Xuan Han (玄汉（ㄒㄩㄢˊ ㄏㄢˋ）/玄漢) (AD 23–25)
- Eastern Han (东汉（ㄉㄨㄥㄏㄢˋ）/東漢) (AD 25–220)
Yelang (夜郎（ㄧㄝˋ ㄌㄤˊ）) (3rd century–27 BC)
Shule Kingdom (疏勒（ㄕㄨㄌㄜˋ）) (200 BC–AD 790)
Dong'ou (东瓯（ㄉㄨㄥㄡ）/東甌) (191–138 BC) – Ruled by the House of Zou (驺/騶)
Loulan Kingdom (楼兰（ㄌㄡˊ ㄌㄢˊ）/樓蘭) (176–77 BC)
- Shanshan (鄯善（ㄕㄢˋ ㄕㄢˋ）) (77 BC–AD 448)
Gouding (句町（ㄍㄡㄉㄧㄥ）) (111 BC–AD 316)
Kucha (龟兹（ㄑㄧㄡㄘˊ）/龜茲) (72 BC–AD 788)
Jushi Kingdom (车师（ㄐㄩㄕ）/車師) (71 BC–AD 508)
Goguryeo (高句丽（ㄍㄠㄍㄡㄌㄧˊ）/高句麗) (37 BC–AD 668) – Ruled by the House of Go (高) of Yemaek descent
- Little Goguryeo (小高句丽（ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄍㄠㄍㄡㄌㄧˊ）/小高句麗) (AD 699–820) – Hypothesized
Xin dynasty (新朝（ㄒㄧㄣㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 9–23) – Interrupted the Han dynasty; Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han Chinese descent
Chengjia (成家（ㄔㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ）) (AD 25–36) – Ruled by the House of Gongsun (公孙/公孫) of Han Chinese descent
Kingdom of Khotan (于阗（ㄩˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ）/于闐) (AD 56–1006) – Ruled by the House of Yuchi (尉迟/尉遲) of Saka descent
Zhongjia (仲家（ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄚ）) (AD 197–199) – Ruled by the House of Yuan (袁) of Han Chinese descent
Three Kingdoms (三国（ㄙㄢㄍㄨㄛˊ）/三國) (AD 220–280)
- Cao Wei (曹魏（ㄘㄠˊ ㄨㄟˋ）) (AD 220–266) – Ruled by the House of Cao (曹) of Han Chinese descent
- Shu Han (蜀汉（ㄕㄨˇ ㄏㄢˋ）/蜀漢) (AD 221–263) – Ruled by the House of Liu (刘/劉) of Han Chinese descent
- Eastern Wu (东吴（ㄉㄨㄥㄨˊ）/東吳) (AD 222–280) – Ruled by the House of Sun (孙/孫) of Han Chinese descent
Jin dynasty (晋朝（ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄔㄠˊ）/晉朝) (AD 266–316, AD 317–420) – Ruled by the House of Sima (司马/司馬) of Han Chinese descent
- Western Jin (西晋（ㄒㄧㄐㄧㄣˋ）/西晉) (AD 266–316)
- Eastern Jin (东晋（ㄉㄨㄥㄐㄧㄣˋ）/東晉) (AD 317–420)
Tuyuhun (吐谷浑（ㄊㄨˇ ㄩˋ ㄏㄨㄣˊ）/吐谷渾) (AD 284–670) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
Chouchi (仇池（ㄔㄡˊ ㄔˊ）) (AD 296–371, AD 385–442, AD 443–477, AD 478–580) – Ruled by the House of Yang (杨/楊) of Di descent
- Former Chouchi (前仇池（ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄔㄡˊ ㄔˊ）) (AD 296–371)
- Later Chouchi (后仇池（ㄏㄡˋ ㄔㄡˊ ㄔˊ）/後仇池) (AD 385–442)
- Wudu Kingdom (武都国（ㄨˇ ㄉㄨㄍㄨㄛˊ）/武都國) (AD 443–477)
- Wuxing Kingdom (武兴国（ㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄥㄍㄨㄛˊ）/武興國) (AD 478–506, AD 529–553)
- Yinping Kingdom (阴平国（ㄧㄣㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/陰平國) (AD 479–580)
Sixteen Kingdoms (十六国（ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/十六國) (AD 304–439)
- Han Zhao (汉赵（ㄏㄢˋ ㄓㄠˋ）/漢趙) (AD 304–329) – Ruled by the House of Liu (刘/劉) of Xiongnu descent
  - Northern Han (北汉（ㄅㄟˇ ㄏㄢˋ）/北漢) (AD 304–319)
  - Former Zhao (前赵（ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄓㄠˋ）/前趙) (AD 319–329)
- Cheng Han (成汉（ㄔㄥˊ ㄏㄢˋ）/成漢) (AD 304–347) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Di descent
  - Cheng (成（ㄔㄥˊ）) (AD 304–338)
  - Han (汉（ㄏㄢˋ）/漢) (AD 338–347)
- Later Zhao (后赵（ㄏㄡˋ ㄓㄠˋ）/後趙) (AD 319–351) – Ruled by the House of Shi (石) of Jie descent
- Former Liang (前凉（ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄤˊ）/前涼) (AD 320–376) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (张/張) of Han Chinese descent
- Former Yan (前燕（ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄧㄢ）) (AD 337–370) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
- Former Qin (前秦（ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄣˊ）) (AD 351–394) – Ruled by the House of Fu (苻) of Di descent
- Later Yan (后燕（ㄏㄡˋ ㄧㄢ）/後燕) (AD 384–409) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
- Later Qin (后秦（ㄏㄡˋ ㄑㄧㄣˊ）/後秦) (AD 384–417) – Ruled by the House of Yao (姚) of Qiang descent
- Western Qin (西秦（ㄒㄧㄑㄧㄣˊ）) (AD 385–400, AD 409–431) – Ruled by the House of Qifu (乞伏) of Xianbei descent
- Later Liang (后凉（ㄏㄡˋ ㄌㄧㄤˊ）/後涼) (AD 386–403) – Ruled by the House of Lü (吕/呂) of Di descent
- Southern Liang (南凉（ㄋㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄤˊ）/南涼) (AD 397–414) – Ruled by the House of Tufa (秃发/禿髮) of Xianbei descent
- Northern Liang (北凉（ㄅㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ）/北涼) (AD 397–439) – Ruled by the House of Juqu (沮渠) of Xiongnu descent
  - Northern Liang of Gaochang (高昌北凉（ㄍㄠㄔㄤㄅㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄤˊ）/高昌北涼) (AD 442–460)
- Southern Yan (南燕（ㄋㄢˊ ㄧㄢ）) (AD 398–410) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
- Western Liang (西凉（ㄒㄧㄌㄧㄤˊ）/西涼) (AD 400–421) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han Chinese descent
  - Later Western Liang (后西凉（ㄏㄡˋ ㄒㄧㄌㄧㄤˊ）/後西涼) (AD 422–442)
- Hu Xia (胡夏（ㄏㄨˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ）) (AD 407–431) – Ruled by the House of Helian (赫连/赫連) of Xiongnu descent
- Northern Yan (北燕（ㄅㄟˇ ㄧㄢ）) (AD 407–436) – Ruled by the House of Feng (冯/馮) of Han Chinese descent
Dai (代（ㄉㄞˋ）) (AD 310–376) – Ruled by the House of Tuoba (拓拔) of Xianbei descent
Rouran Khaganate (柔然（ㄖㄡˊ ㄖㄢˊ）) (AD 330–555) – Ruled by the House of Yujiulü (郁久闾/鬱久閭)
Ran Wei (冉魏（ㄖㄢˇ ㄨㄟˋ）) (AD 350–352) – Ruled by the House of Ran (冉) of Han Chinese descent
Duan Qi (段齐（ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄑㄧˊ）/段齊) (AD 350–356) – Ruled by the House of Duan (段) of Xianbei descent
Western Yan (西燕（ㄒㄧㄧㄢ）) (AD 384–394) – Ruled by the House of Murong (慕容) of Xianbei descent
Xianyu Zhao (鲜于赵（ㄒㄧㄢㄩˊ ㄓㄠˋ）/鮮於趙) (AD 385) – Ruled by the House of Xianyu (鲜于/鮮於) of Dingling descent
Zhai Wei (翟魏（ㄓㄞˊ ㄨㄟˋ）) (AD 388–392) – Ruled by the House of Zhai (翟) of Dingling descent
Huan Chu (桓楚（ㄏㄨㄢˊ ㄔㄨˇ）) (AD 403–404) – Ruled by the House of Huan (桓) of Han Chinese descent
Western Shu (西蜀（ㄒㄧㄕㄨˇ）) (AD 405–413) – Ruled by the House of Qiao (谯/譙) of Han Chinese descent
Northern and Southern dynasties (南北朝（ㄋㄢˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 420–589)
- Northern dynasties (北朝（ㄅㄟˇ ㄔㄠˊ）)
  - Northern Wei (北魏（ㄅㄟˇ ㄨㄟˋ）) (AD 386–535) – Ruled by the House of Tuoba (拓跋) of Xianbei descent
    - Eastern Wei (东魏（ㄉㄨㄥㄨㄟˋ）/東魏) (AD 534–550)
    - Western Wei (西魏（ㄒㄧㄨㄟˋ）) (AD 535–557)
  - Northern Qi (北齐（ㄅㄟˇ ㄑㄧˊ）/北齊) (AD 550–577) – Ruled by the House of Gao (高) of Han Chinese descent
  - Northern Zhou (北周（ㄅㄟˇ ㄓㄡ）) (AD 557–581) – Ruled by the House of Yuwen (宇文) of Xianbei descent
- Southern dynasties (南朝（ㄋㄢˊ ㄔㄠˊ）)
  - Liu Song (刘宋（ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄙㄨㄥˋ）/劉宋) (AD 420–479) – Ruled by the House of Liu (刘/劉) of Han Chinese descent
  - Southern Qi (南齐（ㄋㄢˊ ㄑㄧˊ）/南齊) (AD 479–502) – Ruled by the House of Xiao (萧/蕭) of Han Chinese descent
  - Liang dynasty (梁朝（ㄌㄧㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 502–557) – Ruled by the House of Xiao (萧/蕭) of Han Chinese descent
    - Western Liang (西梁（ㄒㄧㄌㄧㄤˊ）) (AD 555–587)
    - Eastern Liang (东梁（ㄉㄨㄥㄌㄧㄤˊ）/東梁) (AD 557–560)
    - Later Western Liang (后西梁（ㄏㄡˋ ㄒㄧㄌㄧㄤˊ）/後西梁) (AD 617–621)
  - Chen dynasty (陈朝（ㄔㄣˊ ㄔㄠˊ）/陳朝) (AD 557–589) – Ruled by the House of Chen (陈/陳) of Han Chinese descent
Dengzhi (邓至（ㄉㄥˋ ㄓˋ）/鄧至) (AD 430–554) – Ruled by the House of Xiang (像) of Qiang descent
Gaochang (高昌（ㄍㄠㄔㄤ）) (AD 460–640)
- Kan dynasty of Gaochang (阚氏高昌（ㄎㄢˋ ㄕˋ ㄍㄠㄔㄤ）/闞氏高昌) (AD 460–488) – Ruled by the House of Kan (阚/闞)
- Zhang dynasty of Gaochang (张氏高昌（ㄓㄤㄕˋ ㄍㄠㄔㄤ）/張氏高昌) (AD 488–496) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (张/張) of Han Chinese descent
- Ma dynasty of Gaochang (马氏高昌（ㄇㄚˇ ㄕˋ ㄍㄠㄔㄤ）/馬氏高昌) (AD 496–501) – Ruled by the House of Ma (马/馬)
- Qu dynasty of Gaochang (麴氏高昌（ㄑㄩㄕˋ ㄍㄠㄔㄤ）) (AD 501–640) – Ruled by the House of Qu (麴) of Han Chinese descent
Hou Han (侯汉（ㄏㄡˊ ㄏㄢˋ）/侯漢) (AD 551–552) – Ruled by the House of Hou (侯) of Jie descent
Tanchang (宕昌（ㄊㄢˋ ㄔㄤ）) (?–AD 564) – Ruled by the House of Liang (梁) of Qiang descent
Turkic Khaganate (突厥汗国（ㄊㄨㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/突厥汗國) (AD 552–630) – Ruled by the House of Ashina (阿史那) of Göktürk descent
- Eastern Turkic Khaganate (东突厥（ㄉㄨㄥㄊㄨㄐㄩㄝˊ）/東突厥) (AD 581–630)
- Second Turkic Khaganate (后突厥（ㄏㄡˋ ㄊㄨㄐㄩㄝˊ）/後突厥) (AD 682–745)
Mong Mao (勐卯（ㄇㄥˇ ㄇㄠˇ）) (AD 560–1604) – Ruled by the House of Si (思) of Dai descent
Sui dynasty (隋朝（ㄙㄨㄟˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 581–619) – Ruled by the House of Yang (杨/楊) of Han Chinese descent
Xueyantuo (薛延陀（ㄒㄩㄝㄧㄢˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ）) (AD 605–646)
Xia (夏（ㄒㄧㄚˋ）) (AD 617–621) – Ruled by the House of Dou (窦/竇) of Han Chinese descent
Liang (梁（ㄌㄧㄤˊ）) (AD 617–628) – Ruled by the House of Liang (梁) of Han Chinese descent
Liang (凉（ㄌㄧㄤˊ）/涼) (AD 618–619) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han Chinese descent
Xu (许（ㄒㄩˇ）/許) (AD 618–619) – Ruled by the House of Yuwen (宇文) of Xianbei descent
Tang dynasty (唐朝（ㄊㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 618–690, AD 705–907) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han Chinese descent
- Wu Zhou (武周（ㄨˇ ㄓㄡ）) (AD 690–705) – Interrupted the Tang dynasty; Ruled by the House of Wu (武) of Han Chinese descent
Zheng (郑（ㄓㄥˋ）/鄭) (AD 619–621) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王)
Balhae (渤海（ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄞˇ）) (AD 698–926) – Ruled by the House of Dae (大) of Mohe descent
- Later Balhae (后渤海（ㄏㄡˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄞˇ）/後渤海) (AD 928–976)
Nanzhao (南诏（ㄋㄢˊ ㄓㄠˋ）/南詔) (AD 738–902) – Ruled by the House of Meng (蒙) of Wuman descent
- Dali (大礼（ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˇ）/大禮) (AD 860–877)
- Dafengmin (大封民（ㄉㄚˋ ㄈㄥㄇㄧㄣˊ）) (AD 878–902)
Uyghur Khaganate (回鹘汗国（ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/回鶻汗國) (AD 744–840) – Ruled by the House of Yaglakar (药罗葛/藥羅葛) of Uyghur descent and the House of Ediz (阿跌) of Tiele descent
Yan (燕（ㄧㄢ）) (AD 756–763)
- Former Yan (前燕（ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄧㄢ）) (AD 756–759) – Ruled by the House of An (安) of Sogdian descent
- Later Yan (后燕（ㄏㄡˋ ㄧㄢ）/後燕) (AD 759–763) – Ruled by the House of Shi (史) of Göktürk descent
Chu (楚（ㄔㄨˇ）) (AD 784–786) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han Chinese descent
Kara-Khanid Khanate (喀喇汗国（ㄎㄚㄌㄚˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/喀喇汗國) (AD 840–1212)
- Eastern Kara-Khanid (东喀喇汗国（ㄉㄨㄥㄎㄚㄌㄚˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/東喀喇汗國) (AD 1032–1210)
Qocho (高昌回鹘（ㄍㄠㄔㄤㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄏㄨˊ）/高昌回鶻) (AD 843–1370)
Qi (齐（ㄑㄧˊ）/齊) (AD 881–884) – Ruled by the House of Huang (黄/黃) of Han Chinese descent
Ganzhou Uyghur Kingdom (甘州回鹘（ㄍㄢㄓㄡㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄏㄨˊ）/甘州回鶻) (AD 894–1036) – Ruled by the House of Yaglakar (药罗葛/藥羅葛) of Uyghur descent
Qi (岐（ㄑㄧˊ）) (AD 901–924) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han Chinese descent
Later Three Dynasties of Yunnan (云南后三朝（ㄩㄣˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄡˋ ㄙㄢㄔㄠˊ）/雲南後三朝) (AD 902–937)
- Dachanghe (大长和（ㄉㄚˋ ㄔㄤˊ ㄏㄜˊ）/大長和) (AD 902–928) – Ruled by the House of Zheng (郑/鄭) of Han Chinese descent
- Datianxing (大天兴（ㄉㄚˋ ㄊㄧㄢㄒㄧㄥ）/大天興) (AD 928–929) – Ruled by the House of Zhao (赵/趙)
- Dayining (大义宁（ㄉㄚˋ ㄧˋ ㄋㄧㄥˊ）/大義寧) (AD 929–937) – Ruled by the House of Yang (杨/楊) of Han Chinese descent
Zhao (赵（ㄓㄠˋ）/趙) (AD 907–921) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han Chinese descent
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (五代十国（ㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ ㄕˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/五代十國) (AD 907–979)
- Five Dynasties (五代（ㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ）)
  - Later Liang (后梁（ㄏㄡˋ ㄌㄧㄤˊ）/後梁) (AD 907–923) – Ruled by the House of Zhu (朱) of Han Chinese descent
  - Later Tang (后唐（ㄏㄡˋ ㄊㄤˊ）/後唐) (AD 923–937) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Shatuo descent
    - Former Jin (前晋（ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄧㄣˋ）/前晉) (AD 907–923)
  - Later Jin (后晋（ㄏㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄣˋ）/後晉) (AD 936–947) – Ruled by the House of Shi (石) of Shatuo descent
  - Later Han (后汉（ㄏㄡˋ ㄏㄢˋ）/後漢) (AD 947–951) – Ruled by the House of Liu (刘/劉) of Shatuo descent
  - Later Zhou (后周（ㄏㄡˋ ㄓㄡ）/後周) (AD 951–960) – Ruled by the House of Guo (郭) of Han Chinese descent
- Ten Kingdoms (十国（ㄕˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/十國)
  - Former Shu (前蜀（ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄕㄨˇ）) (AD 907–925) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han Chinese descent
  - Yang Wu (杨吴（ㄧㄤˊ ㄨˊ）/楊吳) (AD 907–937) – Ruled by the House of Yang (杨/楊) of Han Chinese descent
  - Ma Chu (马楚（ㄇㄚˇ ㄔㄨˇ）/馬楚) (AD 907–951) – Ruled by the House of Ma (马/馬) of Han Chinese descent
  - Wuyue (吴越（ㄨˊ ㄩㄝˋ）/吳越) (AD 907–978) – Ruled by the House of Qian (钱/錢) of Han Chinese descent
  - Min (闽（ㄇㄧㄣˇ）/閩) (AD 909–945) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han Chinese descent
    - Yin (殷（ㄧㄣ）) (AD 943–945)
  - Southern Han (南汉（ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄢˋ）/南漢) (AD 917–971) – Ruled by the House of Liu (刘/劉) of Han Chinese descent
  - Jingnan (荊南（ㄐㄧㄥㄋㄢˊ）) (AD 924–963) – Ruled by the House of Gao (高) of Han Chinese descent
  - Later Shu (后蜀（ㄏㄡˋ ㄕㄨˇ）/後蜀) (AD 934–965) – Ruled by the House of Meng (孟) of Han Chinese descent
  - Southern Tang (南唐（ㄋㄢˊ ㄊㄤˊ）) (AD 937–976) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han Chinese descent
  - Northern Han (北汉（ㄅㄟˇ ㄏㄢˋ）/北漢) (AD 951–979) – Ruled by the House of Liu (刘/劉) of Shatuo descent
Beiping (北平（ㄅㄟˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ）) (AD 909–929) – Ruled by the House of Wang (王) of Han Chinese descent
Yan (燕（ㄧㄢ）) (AD 911–913) – Ruled by the House of Liu (刘/劉) of Han Chinese descent
Liao dynasty (辽朝（ㄌㄧㄠˊ ㄔㄠˊ）/遼朝) (AD 916–1125) – Ruled by the House of Yelü (耶律) of Khitan descent
- Northern Liao (北辽（ㄅㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄠˊ）/北遼) (AD 1122–1123)
- Western Liao (西辽（ㄒㄧㄌㄧㄠˊ）/西遼) (AD 1124–1218)
- Eastern Liao (东辽（ㄉㄨㄥㄌㄧㄠˊ）/東遼) (AD 1213–1269)
- Later Liao (后辽（ㄏㄡˋ ㄌㄧㄠˊ）/後遼) (AD 1216–1219)
Dongdan Kingdom (东丹（ㄉㄨㄥㄉㄢ）/東丹) (AD 926–936) – Ruled by the House of Yelü (耶律) of Khitan descent
Dali Kingdom (大理（ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˇ）) (AD 937–1094, AD 1096–1253) – Ruled by the House of Duan (段) of Baiman descent
- Former Dali (前大理（ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˇ）) (AD 937–1094)
- Later Dali (后大理（ㄏㄡˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˇ）/後大理) (AD 1096–1253)
Jeongan (定安（ㄉㄧㄥˋ ㄢ）) (AD 938–986)
Song dynasty (宋朝（ㄙㄨㄥˋ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 960–1279) – Ruled by the House of Zhao (赵/趙) of Han Chinese descent
- Northern Song (北宋（ㄅㄟˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ）) (AD 960–1127)
- Southern Song (南宋（ㄋㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄥˋ）) (AD 1127–1279)
Li Shu (李蜀（ㄌㄧˇ ㄕㄨˇ）) (AD 994) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Han Chinese descent
Heungyo (兴辽（ㄒㄧㄥㄌㄧㄠˊ）/興遼) (AD 1029–1030) – Ruled by the House of Dae (大)
Changqi (长其（ㄔㄤˊ ㄑㄧˊ）/長其) (AD 1029–1055) – Ruled by the House of Nong (侬/儂) of Zhuang descent
- Dali (大历（ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ）/大歷) (AD 1041–1045)
- Nantian (南天（ㄋㄢˊ ㄊㄧㄢ）) (AD 1045–1052)
- Danan (大南（ㄉㄚˋ ㄋㄢˊ）) (AD 1052–1055)
Western Xia (西夏（ㄒㄧㄒㄧㄚˋ）) (AD 1038–1227) – Ruled by the House of Weiming (嵬名) of Tangut descent
Dazhong Kingdom (大中（ㄉㄚˋ ㄓㄨㄥ）) (AD 1094–1096) – Interrupted the Dali Kingdom; Ruled by the House of Gao (高) of Bai descent
Ziqi (自杞国（ㄗˋ ㄑㄧˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/自杞國) (AD 1100–1259)
Jin dynasty (金朝（ㄐㄧㄣㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 1115–1234) – Ruled by the House of Wanyan (完颜/完顏) of Jurchen descent
Great Balhae (大渤海（ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄏㄞˇ）) (AD 1116) – Ruled by the House of Gao (高)
Xi (奚（ㄒㄧ）) (AD 1123) – Ruled by the House of Xiao (萧/蕭) of Kumo Xi descent
Chu (楚（ㄔㄨˇ）) (AD 1127) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (张/張) of Han Chinese descent
Liu Qi (刘齐（ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄑㄧˊ）/劉齊) (AD 1130–1137) – Ruled by the House of Liu (刘/劉) of Han Chinese descent
Mongol Empire (大蒙古国（ㄉㄚˋ ㄇㄥˇ ㄍㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/大蒙古國) (AD 1206–1368) – Ruled by the House of Borjigin (孛儿只斤/孛兒只斤) of Mongol descent
- Chagatai Khanate (察合台汗国（ㄔㄚˊ ㄍㄜˇ ㄊㄞˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/察合台汗國) (AD 1225–1346)
  - Eastern Chagatai Khanate (东察合台汗国（ㄉㄨㄥㄔㄚˊ ㄍㄜˇ ㄊㄞˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/東察合台汗國) (AD 1347–1680)
    - Turpan Khanate (吐鲁番汗国（ㄊㄨˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄈㄢㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/吐魯番汗國) (AD 1365–1570)
    - Yarkent Khanate (叶尔羌汗国（ㄧㄝˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧㄤㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/葉爾羌汗國) (AD 1514–1705)
- Yuan dynasty (元朝（ㄩㄢˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 1271–1368)
  - Northern Yuan (北元（ㄅㄟˇ ㄩㄢˊ）) (AD 1368–1635)
Eastern Xia (东夏（ㄉㄨㄥㄒㄧㄚˋ）/東夏) (AD 1215–1233) – Ruled by the House of Puxian (蒲鲜/蒲鮮) of Jurchen descent
Kingdom of Mangalai (曼尕赖（ㄇㄢˋ ㄍㄚˇ ㄌㄞˋ）/曼尕賴) (AD 1220–1877)
Tianwan (天完（ㄊㄧㄢㄨㄢˊ）) (AD 1351–1360) – Ruled by the House of Xu (徐) of Han Chinese descent
Zhou (周（ㄓㄡ）) (AD 1354–1367) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (张/張) of Han Chinese descent
Han Song (韩宋（ㄏㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄥˋ）/韓宋) (AD 1355–1366) – Ruled by the House of Han (韩/韓) of Han Chinese descent
Chen Han (陈汉（ㄔㄣˊ ㄏㄢˋ）/陳漢) (AD 1360–1364) – Ruled by the House of Chen (陈/陳) of Han Chinese descent
Ming Xia (明夏（ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ）) (AD 1362–1371) – Ruled by the House of Ming (明) of Han Chinese descent
Ming dynasty (明朝（ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 1368–1644) – Ruled by the House of Zhu (朱) of Han Chinese descent
- Western Wu (西吴（ㄒㄧㄨˊ）/西吳) (AD 1364–1368)
- Southern Ming (南明（ㄋㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ）) (AD 1644–1662)
Kara Del (哈密国（ㄏㄚㄇㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/哈密國) (AD 1380–1513)
Dzungar Khanate (准噶尔汗国（ㄓㄨㄣˇ ㄍㄚˊ ㄦˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/準噶爾汗國) (AD 1634–1758) – Ruled by the House of Choros (绰罗斯/綽羅斯) of Oirat descent
Qing dynasty (清朝（ㄑㄧㄥㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 1636–1912, AD 1917) – Ruled by the House of Aisin Gioro (爱新觉罗/愛新覺羅) of Manchu descent
- Later Jin (后金（ㄏㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄣ）/後金) (AD 1616–1636)
Shun dynasty (顺朝（ㄕㄨㄣˋ ㄔㄠˊ）/順朝) (AD 1644–1645) – Ruled by the House of Li (李) of Tangut descent
Xi (西（ㄒㄧ）) (AD 1644–1646) – Ruled by the House of Zhang (张/張) of Han Chinese descent
Kingdom of Tungning (东宁王国（ㄉㄨㄥㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/東寧王國) (AD 1661–1683) – Ruled by the House of Zheng (郑/鄭) of Han Chinese descent
Wu Zhou (吴周（ㄨˊ ㄓㄡ）/吳周) (AD 1678–1681) – Ruled by the House of Wu (吴/吳) of Han Chinese descent
Kingdom of Middag (大肚王国（ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄨˋ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/大肚王國) (?–AD 1732) – Ruled by the House of Camachat (甘仔辖/甘仔轄) of Papora descent
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (太平天国（ㄊㄞˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄧㄢㄍㄨㄛˊ）/太平天國) (AD 1851–1864) – Ruled by the House of Hong (洪) of Han Chinese descent
Pingnan Sultanate (平南苏丹国（ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄉㄢㄍㄨㄛˊ）/平南蘇丹國) (AD 1856–1873) – Ruled by the House of Du (杜) of Hui descent
Empire of China (中华帝国（ㄓㄨㄥㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/中華帝國) (AD 1915–1916) – Ruled by the House of Yuan (袁) of Han Chinese descent
Kingdom of Tjaquvuquvulj (大龟文（ㄉㄚˋ ㄍㄨㄟㄨㄣˊ）/大龜文) (?–AD 1930)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands[edit]

Clunies-Ross family (AD 1827–1978)
House of Hanover (AD 1857–1901) – Cocos (Keeling) Islands under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Cocos (Keeling) Islands under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Cocos (Keeling) Islands under British rule (AD 1917–1955) and Cocos (Keeling) Islands under Australian rule (AD 1955–present)

Georgia[edit]

Pharnabazid Dynasty (299–90 BC, 30 BC – 189 AD)
Artaxiad Dynasty (90–30 BC)
Arsacid Dynasty (189–284 AD)
Chosroid Dynasty (284–580, 627–684)
- Guaramid Dynasty (588–627, 684–748, 779–786)
Nersianid Dynasty (748–780)
House of Bagration (813–1810)

Indian Subcontinent[edit]

Brihadratha dynasty (c. 1760–831 BC) – Legendary
Kuru Kingdom (c. 1200–525 BC)
Gonanditya dynasty (c. 1182–212 BC)
- Restored Gonanditya dynasty (AD 25–598)
Panchala (c. 900–400 BC)
Pradyota dynasty (c. 779–544 BC)
Ikshvaku dynasty (c. 7th century–5th century BC) – Kingdom of Kosal
Baghochia Dynasty (c. 6th century BC–AD 1947)
Chedi Kingdom (c.600-300 BC)
Haryanka dynasty (c. 544–413 BC) – Kingdom of Magadha
Ror dynasty (450 BC–AD 489)
Shaishunaga dynasty (c. 413–345 BC) – Kingdom of Magadha
Nanda Empire (c. 345–322 BC)
Maurya Empire (c. 321–185 BC)
Chera dynasty (c. 300 BC–AD 1124)
Chola dynasty (c. 300 BC–AD 1279)
Pandyan dynasty (c. 300 BC–AD 1650)
Satavahana dynasty (c. 230 BC–AD 220)
Shunga Empire (c. 185–75 BC)
Mitra dynasty (c. 150–50 BC)
Deva dynasty (2nd century–1st century BC)
Kanva dynasty (c. 75–26 BC)
Northern Satraps (60 BC–AD 2nd century)
Datta dynasty (1st century BC–AD 1st century)
Kushan Empire (AD 30–375)
Western Satraps (AD 35–405)
Andhra Ikshvaku (c. AD 210–325)
Gupta Empire (AD 240–590)
Vakataka dynasty (AD 250–500)
Pallava dynasty (AD 275–897)
Kidarites (AD 320–500)
Kadamba dynasty (AD 345–525)
Western Ganga dynasty (AD 350–1000)
Vishnukundina dynasty (AD 420–624)
Maitraka dynasty (AD 493–776)
Later Gupta dynasty (AD 6th century–7th century)
Pushyabhuti dynasty (AD 6th century–7th century)
Rai dynasty (AD 524–632)
Chalukya dynasty (AD 543–753)
- Western Chalukya Empire (AD 973–1189)
Gauda Kingdom (AD 590–626)
Hindu Shahi (AD 6th century–12th century)
Chalukyas of Vengi (AD 624–1189)
Karkoṭa Empire (AD 625–885)
Brahman dynasty of Sindh (AD 632–724)
Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty (AD 650–1036)
Chahamanas of Shakambhari (AD 7th century–12th century)
Pala Empire (AD 750–1174)
Rashtrakuta dynasty (AD 753–982)
Habbari dynasty (AD 854–1011)
Paramara dynasty (AD 9th century–1305)
Tomara dynasty (AD 9th century–12th century)
Chandelas of Jejakabhukti (AD 9th century–13th century)
Seuna dynasty (AD 850–1334)
Utpala dynasty (AD 855–1003)
Chaulukya dynasty (AD 940–1244)
Lohara dynasty (AD 1003–1320)
Hoysala Empire (AD 1026–1343)
Soomra dynasty (AD 1026–1356)
Sena dynasty (AD 1070–1230)
Eastern Ganga dynasty (AD 1078–1434)
Gahadavala (AD 11th century–12th century)
Khasa-Malla Kingdom (AD 11th century–14th century)
Kalachuris of Kalyani (AD 1156–1181)
Kakatiya dynasty (AD 1163–1323)
Chutiya Kingdom (AD 1187–1673)
Deva dynasty (AD 12th century–13th century)
Chero dynasty (AD 12th century–19th century)
Mamluk dynasty (AD 1206–1290) – Delhi Sultanate
Kadava dynasty (AD 1216–1279)
Ahom dynasty (AD 1228–1826) – Ahom Kingdom
Manikya dynasty (AD 1280–1947)
Khalji dynasty (AD 1290–1320) – Delhi Sultanate
Tughlaq dynasty (AD 1320–1413) – Delhi Sultanate
Reddy dynasty (AD 1325–1448)
Sisodia (AD 1326–1955)
Vijayanagara dynasty (AD 1336–1646)
Sangama dynasty (AD 1336–1487) – Vijayanagara Empire
Shah Mir dynasty (AD 1339–1561)
Ilyas Shahi dynasty (AD 1342–1414, AD 1435–1487) – Sultanate of Bengal
Bahmani Sultanate (AD 1347–1527)
Samma dynasty (AD 1351–1524)
Malwa Sultanate (AD 1392–1562)
Wadiyar dynasty (AD 1399–1761, AD 1799–1950) – Kingdom of Mysore
Ganesha dynasty (AD 1414–1435) – Sultanate of Bengal
Sayyid dynasty (AD 1414–1451) – Delhi Sultanate
Gajapati Kingdom (AD 1434–1541)
Lodi dynasty (AD 1451–1526) – Delhi Sultanate
Namgyal dynasty (AD 1460–1975)
- Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh (AD 1460–1842)
- Chogyal (AD 1642–1975)
Habshi dynasty (AD 1487–1494) – Sultanate of Bengal
Barid Shahi dynasty (AD 1489–1619)
Saluva dynasty (AD 1490–1567) – Vijayanagara Empire
Imad Shahi dynasty (AD 1490–1572)
Nizam Shahi dynasty (AD 1490–1636)
Adil Shahi dynasty (AD 1490–1686)
Tuluva dynasty (AD 1491–1570) – Vijayanagara Empire
Hussain Shahi dynasty (AD 1494–1538) – Sultanate of Bengal
House of Aviz (AD 1505–1580) – Portuguese possessions in India
- House of Aviz-Beja (AD 1505–1580)
- Most Serene House of Braganza (AD 1640–1910)
  - House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1853–1910)
Qutb Shahi dynasty (AD 1518–1687)
Arghun dynasty (AD 1520–1554)
Timurid dynasty (AD 1526–1540, AD 1555–1857) – Mughal Empire
Madurai Nayak dynasty (AD 1529–1736)
Sur Empire (AD 1532–1556)
Aravidu dynasty (AD 1542–1646) – Vijayanagara Empire
Muhammad Shah dynasty (AD 1554–1564) – Sultanate of Bengal
Tarkhan dynasty (AD 1554–1591)
Karrani dynasty (AD 1564–1612) – Sultanate of Bengal
Philippine dynasty (AD 1581–1640) – Portuguese possessions in India
House of Oldenburg (AD 1620–1869) – Danish possessions in India
- House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (AD 1863–1869)
House of Bourbon (AD 1664–1792, AD 1793–1795, AD 1814–1848) – French possessions in India
- House of Bourbon-Vendôme (AD 1664–1792, AD 1814–1830)
- House of Orléans (AD 1830–1848)
Maratha Empire (AD 1674–1818)
Asaf Jahi dynasty (AD 1724–1948)
Travancore royal family (AD 1729–1949) – Kingdom of Travancore
Durrani dynasty (AD 1747–1826)
Sikh Empire (AD 1799–1849)
Guhila dynasty
- Rawal branch
- Rana branch
Gohil dynasty
House of Bonaparte (AD 1804–1814, AD 1815, AD 1852–1870) – French possessions in India
House of Hanover (AD 1858–1901) – India under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – India under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–1950) – India under British rule (AD 1917–1947) and India as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1947–1950)

Indonesia[edit]

Shailendra dynasty, Medang Kingdom and Srivijaya
Sanjaya dynasty, Medang kingdom (Central Java period)
Isyana dynasty, Medang kingdom (East Java period), Kahuripan kingdom, Janggala and Kediri kingdom
Mauli dynasty, Dharmasraya and Pagaruyung kingdoms
Rajasa dynasty, Singhasari kingdom (1222–1292) and Majapahit empire (1293 – ca. 1500)
Four successor dynasties to Sultanate of Mataram : Pakubuwono, Hamengkubuwono, Paku Alaman, and Mangkunegaran (18th century – present)
Ambeno
Azmatkhan
Kingdom of Iha
Luwu
Warmadewa dynasty (914–1119)
- Jaya dynasty (1133–1343)
Mauli (1183–?)
Rajasa dynasty (1222–1292, 1294–1527)
Samudera Pasai Sultanate (1267–1521)
Demak Sultanate (1475–1554)
Sultanate of Cirebon (1479–1926)
Aceh Sultanate (1496–1903)
- Jamal ul-Lail dynasty (1699–1727)
- Bugis dynasty (1727–1903)
Malacca-Johor dynasty (1528–1699)
Tanette (1547–?)
Asahan Sultanate (1630–1946)
Sultanate of Deli (1632–1946)
Bone state (1634–1905, 1931–1950)
Amanatun (1642–1962)
Amabi (1652–1917)
Bendahara dynasty (1699–1911)
Amarasi (?–1962)
Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura (1723–1946)
Sultanate of Serdang (1728–?)
Hamengkubuwono (1755–present) – Ruling house of the Yogyakarta Sultanate (Non-sovereign)
House of Hanover (1785–1824) – Bengkulu under British rule
House of Orange-Nassau (1816–1942, 1945–1949) – Indonesia under Dutch rule

Iran (Persia)[edit]

Pishdadian dynasty – Mythical
Kayanian dynasty – Semi-mythical
Awan dynasty (2350–2150 BC)
Shimashki dynasty (2200–1900 BC)
Sukkalmah dynasty (1900–1500 BC)
Median Kingdom (678–549 BC)
Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC)
Argead dynasty (336–306 BC) – Persia under Macedonian rule
Seleucid dynasty (311–129 BC)
Arsacid dynasty (247 BC–AD 228)
House of Sasan (AD 224–590, AD 591–629, AD 630–651)
- Dabuyid dynasty (AD 642–760)
House of Mihran (AD 590–591, AD 629)
House of Ispahbudhan (AD 591–600, AD 630–631)
Bavand dynasty (AD 651–1349)
Paduspanid dynasty (AD 655–1598)
Umayyad dynasty (AD 661–750) – Umayyad Caliphate
Abbasid Caliphate (AD 750–946)
Samanid Empire (AD 819–999)
Saffarid dynasty (AD 861–1003)
Ghurid dynasty (AD 879–1215)
Ziyarid dynasty (AD 930–1090)
Buyid dynasty (AD 934–1062)
- Buyids of Fars (AD 933–1062)
- Buyids of Rey, Isfahan, and Hamadan (AD 935–1038)
- Buyids of Iraq and Khuzistan (AD 945–1055)
Ghaznavid dynasty (AD 977–1186)
Kakuyid dynasty (AD 1008–1141)
Seljuq dynasty (AD 1029–1191)
Salghurids (AD 1148–1282)
Khwarazmian dynasty (AD 1153–1220)
Eldiguzids (AD 1191)
Mongol Empire (AD 1220–1256)
- Ilkhanate (AD 1256–1357)
Qutlugh-Khanids (AD 1222–1306) – Successor to the Western Liao dynasty; Also called "Kirmanid dynasty"
Kart dynasty (AD 1244–1381)
Muzaffarid dynasty (AD 1314–1393)
House of Inju (AD 1335–1357)
Jalairid Sultanate (AD 1336–1432)
Sarbadars (AD 1337–1381)
Chobanids (AD 1338–1360)
Timurid dynasty (AD 1370–1459, AD 1469–1507) – Timurid Empire
Kara Koyunlu (AD 1378–1468)
Aq Qoyunlu (AD 1378–1497)
Safavid dynasty (AD 1501–1722, AD 1729–1736, AD 1749–1750)
Hotak dynasty (AD 1722–1729)
Afsharid dynasty (AD 1736–1749, AD 1750–1796)
Zand dynasty (AD 1751–1794)
Qajar dynasty (AD 1789–1925)
Pahlavi dynasty (AD 1925–1979)

Israel[edit]

House of Gideon
House of Saul (c. 1020–1010 BC) – United Monarchy (ממלכת ישראל המאוחדת)
Davidic line (בית דוד) (c. 1003–586 BC) – United Monarchy and Kingdom of Judah (ממלכת יהודה)
House of Omri (884–835 BC) – Kingdom of Israel (ממלכת ישראל)
Hasmonean dynasty (104–37 BC)
Herodian dynasty (47 BC–AD 100)
Julio–Claudian dynasty (AD 6–68) – Judea under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (AD 68–96) – Judea under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192) – Judea and Syria Palaestina under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (AD 193–235) – Syria Palaestina under Roman rule
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – Syria Palaestina under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – Syria Palaestina under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268) – Syria Palaestina under Roman rule
Illyrian emperors (AD 268–270) – Syria Palaestina under Roman rule
House of Odaenathus (AD 270–273) – Ruled the Palmyrene Empire during the Crisis of the Third Century
Caran dynasty (AD 273–285) – Syria Palaestina under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (AD 305–363) – Syria Palaestina under Roman rule
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–390) – Syria Palaestina under Roman rule
Theodosian dynasty (AD 390–457) – Palaestina Prima and Palaestina Secunda under Byzantine rule
House of Leo (AD 457–518) – Palaestina Prima and Palaestina Secunda under Byzantine rule
Justinian dynasty (AD 518–602) – Palaestina Prima and Palaestina Secunda under Byzantine rule
Heraclian dynasty (AD 610–636) – Palaestina Prima and Palaestina Secunda under Byzantine rule
Umayyad dynasty (AD 661–750) – Umayyad Caliphate
Abbasid Caliphate (AD 750–1099)
House of Flanders (AD 1099–1118) – Kingdom of Jerusalem
House of Rethel (AD 1118–1153) – Kingdom of Jerusalem
House of Châteaudun (AD 1131–1185, AD 1186–1205) – Kingdom of Jerusalem
Aleramici (AD 1183–1186, AD 1190–1192, AD 1205–1212) – Kingdom of Jerusalem
House of Lusignan (AD 1186–1192, AD 1198–1205) – Kingdom of Jerusalem
- House of Poitiers-Lusignan (AD 1268–1324)
House of Brienne (AD 1210–1228) – Kingdom of Jerusalem
Hohenstaufen (AD 1225–1268) – Kingdom of Jerusalem
Bahri dynasty (AD 1291–1382) – Israel within the Mamluk Sultanate
Burji dynasty (AD 1382–1517) – Israel within the Mamluk Sultanate
Ottoman dynasty (AD 1516–1917) – Israel under Ottoman rule
House of Windsor (AD 1920–1948) – Israel under British rule

Japan[edit]

Imperial House of Japan (皇室（こうしつ）) (660 BC (legendary) – present) – Also called "Yamato dynasty"
- Northern Court (北朝（ほくちょう）) (AD 1331–1392) – Also called "Jimyōin line" (持明院統（じみょういんとう）)
- Southern Court (南朝（なんちょう）) (AD 1336–1392) – Also called "Daikakuji line" (大覚寺統（だいかくじとう）)
  - Later Southern Court (後南朝（ごなんちょう）) (AD 1392–1514)

Jordan[edit]

House of Hashim (1921–present)

Korea[edit]

Gojoseon (고조선/古朝鮮) (2333 BC (legendary) – 108 BC)
- Gija Joseon (기자조선/箕子朝鮮) (1120–194 BC)
- Wiman Joseon (위만조선/衛滿朝鮮) (194–108 BC) – Founded by Wiman (위만/衛滿) from the Chinese State of Yan
Takri Kingdom (고리국/槀離國) (c. 5th century–2nd century BC)
Jin (진/辰) (c. 4th century–2nd century BC)
Dongye (동예/東濊) (c. 3rd century BC–AD 5th century)
Buyeo (부여/扶餘) (239 BC–AD 494)
- Northern Buyeo (북부여/北扶餘) (239–58 BC)
- Jolbon Buyeo (졸본부여/卒本扶餘) (86–37 BC)
- Eastern Buyeo (동부여/東扶餘) (86 BC–AD 410)
Okjeo (옥저/沃沮) (c. 2nd century BC–AD 5th century)
- Eastern Okjeo (동옥저/東沃沮) – Also called "Southern Okjeo" (남옥저/南沃沮)
- Northern Okjeo (북옥저/北沃沮)
Han dynasty (한나라/漢朝) (c. 108 BC–AD 9, AD 30–220) – Ruled by the House of Liu (유/劉); Chinese rule over the Four Commanderies of Han (한사군/漢四郡) on the Korean Peninsula as far south as the Han River
Nakrang Kingdom (낙랑국/樂浪國) (c. 1st century BC–AD 37)
Samhan (삼한/三韓) (c. 1st century BC–AD 5th century)
- Jinhan (진한/辰韓) (c. 1st century BC–AD 4th century)
- Mahan (마한/馬韓) (c. 1st century BC–AD 5th century)
- Byeonhan (변한/弁韓) (c. 1st century–4th century AD)
Three Kingdoms of Korea (삼국/三國) (57 BC–AD 668)
- Silla (신라/新羅) (57 BC–AD 935) – Ruled by the House of Park (박/朴), the House of Seok (석/昔) and the House of Kim (김/金)
- Goguryeo (고구려/高句麗) (37 BC–AD 668) – Ruled by the House of Go (고/高)
  - Little Goguryeo (소고구려/小高句麗) (AD 699–820) – Hypothesized
- Baekje (백제/百濟) (18 BC–AD 660) – Ruled by the House of Buyeo (부여/扶餘); Also called "Southern Buyeo" (남부여/南扶餘)
Tamna (탐라/耽羅) (57 BC–AD 1402)
Xin dynasty (신나라/新朝) (AD 9–23) – Interrupted the Han dynasty; Ruled by the House of Wang (왕/王)
Gaya (가야/伽倻) (AD 42–562)
- Daegaya (대가야/大伽倻) (AD 42–562)
- Geumgwan Gaya (금관가야/金官伽倻) (AD 43–532)
- Bihwa Gaya (비화가야/非火伽倻) (?–AD 555)
- Ara Gaya (아라가야/阿羅伽倻) (?–AD 559)
- Goryeong Gaya (고령가야/古寧伽倻) (?–AD 562)
- Sogaya (소가야/小伽倻)
- Seongsan Gaya (성산가야/星山伽倻)
Cao Wei (조위/曹魏) (c. AD 236–265) – Ruled by the House of Cao (조/曹); Chinese rule over the Daifang Commandery (대방군/帶方郡) on part of the Korean Peninsula
Jin dynasty (진(위진)/晉朝) (c. AD 266–314) – Ruled by the House of Sima (사마/司馬); Chinese rule over the Daifang Commandery on part of the Korean Peninsula
Tang dynasty (당나라/唐朝) (AD 668–690, AD 705–761) – Ruled by the House of Li (이/李); Chinese rule over the Protectorate General to Pacify the East (안동도호부/安東都護府) on part of the Korean Peninsula
- Wu Zhou (무주/武周) (AD 690–705) – Interrupted the Tang dynasty; Ruled by the House of Wu (무/武)
North-South States (남북국/南北國) (AD 698–892)
- Later Silla (후신라/後新羅) (AD 668–935) – Ruled by the House of Kim (김/金); Also called "Unified Silla" (통일신라/統一新羅)
- Balhae (발해/渤海) (AD 698–926) – Ruled by the House of Dae (대/大)
  - Later Balhae (후발해/後渤海) (AD 928–976)
Later Three Kingdoms (후삼국/後三國) (AD 892–936)
- Later Silla (후신라/後新羅) (AD 668–935) – Ruled by the House of Kim (김/金); Also called "Unified Silla" (통일신라/統一新羅)
- Taebong (태봉/泰封) (AD 901–918) – Ruled by the House of Gung (궁/弓); Also called "Later Goguryeo" (후고구려/後高句麗)
- Later Baekje (후백제/後百濟) (AD 892–936) – Ruled by the House of Gyeon (견/甄)
Goryeo (고려/高麗) (AD 918–1392) – Ruled by the House of Wang (왕/王)
Later Sabeol (후사벌/後沙伐) (AD 919–927) – Ruled by the House of Park (박/朴)
Jeongan (정안/定安) (AD 938–986)
Usan (우산국/于山國) (?–AD 1022)
Heungyo (흥요/興遼) (AD 1029–1030) – Ruled by the House of Dae (대/大)
Yuan dynasty (원나라/元朝) (AD 1270–1356) – Ruled by the House of Borjigin (보르지긴/孛兒只斤); Goryeo ruled as the Zhengdong Province (정동등처행중서성/征東等處行中書省) of the Yuan dynasty
Joseon (조선/朝鮮) (AD 1392–1897) – Ruled by the House of Yi (이/李)
- Korean Empire (대한제국/大韓帝國) (AD 1897–1910)

Kuwait[edit]

House of Al Sabah (1718–present)

Laos[edit]

Khun Lo dynasty (AD 1353–1438, AD 1442–1583, AD 1591–1778, AD 1780–1791, AD 1811–1858, AD 1946–1975)
- House of Na Champassak (ນະ ຈຳປາສັກ) (AD 1863–1946)
Later Lê dynasty (AD 1478–1480)
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang (ພຣະຣາຊອານາຈັກຫລວງພະບາງ) (AD 1707–1945)
Tây Sơn dynasty (AD 1778–1802)
Nguyễn dynasty (AD 1802–1945)

Malaysia[edit]

Gangga Negara (c. AD 2nd century–1026) – Legendary
Langkasuka (c. AD 2nd century–15th century)
Kedah Sultanate (Kesultanan Kedah) (AD 1136–1941, AD 1945–1946, AD 1948–present) – Ruling house of Kedah (Non-sovereign)
House of Bolkiah (AD 1368–1888) – Sabah and Sarawak under Bruneian rule
Malacca Sultanate (Kesultanan Melayu Melaka) (AD 1400–1511)
Sultanate of Sulu (Kesultanan Sulu) (AD 1405–1882) – Sabah under Sulu rule
Inland dynasty (AD 1457–1688) – Pattani Kingdom
House of Aviz (AD 1511–1580) – Malacca under Portuguese rule
- House of Aviz-Beja (AD 1511-1580)
- Most Serene House of Braganza (AD 1640–1641)
Malacca-Johor dynasty (AD 1528–1699) – Johor Sultanate
Philippine dynasty (AD 1581–1640) – Malacca under Portuguese rule
Siak dynasty (AD 1636–present) – Ruling house of Perak (Non-sovereign)
First Kelantanese dynasty (AD 1688–1808) – Pattani Kingdom
Bendahara dynasty (AD 1699–present) – Provides the current Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia; Johor Sultanate (AD 1699–1855), Pahang Kingdom (AD 1770–1881), and ruling house of Pahang and Terengganu (AD 1699–present)
- House of Temenggung (AD 1886–present) – Ruling house of Johor (Non-sovereign)
House of Daeng Chelak (AD 1745–present) – Ruling house of Selangor (Non-sovereign)
House of Long Yunus (AD 1765–present) – Ruling house of Kelantan (Non-sovereign)
Pagaruyung dynasty (AD 1773–present) – Ruling house of Negeri Sembilan (Non-sovereign); Also called "House of Yamtuan Raden"
House of Palembang (AD 1780–1899) – Kingdom of Besut Darul Iman
House of Hanover (Wangsa Hannover) (AD 1826–1901) – Malaysia under British rule
White Rajahs (Raja Putih Sarawak) (AD 1841–1946) – Raj of Sarawak; Also called "Brooke dynasty"
Second Kelantanese dynasty (AD 1842–1902) – Pattani Kingdom
House of Jamulullail (AD 1843–present) – Monarchy of Perlis (Non-sovereign)
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Malaysia under British rule
- House of Windsor (Wangsa Windsor) (AD 1917–1941, AD 1945–1963) – Malaysia under British rule

The Maldives[edit]

Solar dynasty
Early Lunar dynasty
Theemuge dynasty (AD 1117–1388) – Also called "Lunar dynasty"
Hilaalee dynasty (AD 1388–1552, AD 1554–1573, AD 1573–1632)
Utheemu dynasty (AD 1632–1692)
Hamawi dynasty (AD 1692)
Isdhoo dynasty (AD 1692–1704)
Dhiyamigili dynasty (AD 1704–1759, AD 1766–1773)
Huraa dynasty (AD 1759–1766, AD 1773–1952, AD 1954–1968)

Mesopotamia[edit]

Dynasty I of Kish (c. 2900–2600 BC) – Legendary
First Mariote Kingdom (2900–2550 BC)
Dynasty I of Uruk – Legendary
Dynasty I of Ur (c. 2500–2400 BC)
Dynasty II of Kish – Legendary
Second Mariote Kingdom (2500–2290 BC)
Dynasty I of Lagash (2500–2271 BC)
Dynasty of Hamazi
Dynasty II of Uruk
Dynasty II of Ur
Dynasty of Adab
Dynasty of Mari
Dynasty III of Kish
Dynasty of Akshak
Assyrian Empire (2500–609 BC)
- Old Assyrian Empire (2025–1378 BC)
- Middle Assyrian Empire (1392–934 BC)
- Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–609 BC)
  - Sargonid dynasty (722–612 BC)
Dynasty IV of Kish (c. 24th century–2296 BC)
Akkadian Empire (2334–2154 BC)
Dynasty III of Uruk (2296–2271 BC)
Shakkanakku dynasty (2266–1830 BC)
Gutian dynasty of Sumer (2135–2055 BC)
Dynasty III of Ur (2112–2004 BC)
Dynasty II of Lagash (2093–2046 BC)
Dynasty IV of Uruk (c. 2091 BC–?)
Dynasty V of Uruk (c. 2055–2048 BC)
Dynasty of Larsa (1961–1674 BC)
Dynasty of Isin (1953–1717 BC)
Lim dynasty (1830–1796 BC, 1776–1761 BC)
Dynasty I of Babylon (1830–1531 BC)
Sealand dynasty (1732–1460 BC) – Also called "Dynasty II of Babylon"
Kassite dynasty (1600–1155 BC) – Also called "Dynasty III of Babylon"
Dynasty IV of Babylon (1155–1025 BC) – Also called "Dynasty II of Isin"
Dynasty V of Babylon (1025–1004 BC) – Also called "Second Sealand dynasty"
Dynasty VI of Babylon (1004–985 BC) – Also called "Bῑt-Bazi dynasty"
Dynasty VII of Babylon (985–979 BC) – Also called "Elamite dynasty"
Dynasty VIII of Babylon (979–943 BC)
Dynasty IX of Babylon (943–729 BC) – Also called "Dynasty of E"
Dynasty X of Babylon (729–620 BC)
Median Kingdom (678–549 BC)
Dynasty XI of Babylon (626–539 BC) – Neo-Babylonian Empire
Achaemenid Empire (539–330 BC)
Argead dynasty (330–309 BC) – Babylonia under Macedonian rule
Seleucid dynasty (321–141 BC, 138–64 BC)
Hasmonean dynasty (140–37 BC)
Ptolemaic dynasty (125–121 BC, 83–69 BC, 34–30 BC)
Kingdom of Osroene (132 BC–AD 216)
Julio–Claudian dynasty (27 BC–AD 68) – Syria under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96) – Syria under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–135) – Mesopotamia, Assyria and Syria under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (AD 198–235) – Mesopotamia under Roman rule
House of Sasan (AD 224–651)
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – Mesopotamia under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – Mesopotamia under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268) – Mesopotamia under Roman rule
Illyrian emperors (AD 268–270, AD 273–284) – Mesopotamia under Roman rule
House of Odaenathus (AD 270–273) – Palmyrene Empire
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285) – Mesopotamia under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (AD 305–363) – Mesopotamia under Roman rule
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–379) – Mesopotamia under Roman rule
Theodosian dynasty (AD 379–457) – Mesopotamia under Roman rule (AD 379–395) and Mesopotamia under Byzantine rule (AD 395–457)
House of Leo (AD 457–518) – Mesopotamia under Byzantine rule
Justinian dynasty (AD 518–602) – Mesopotamia under Byzantine rule
Heraclian dynasty (AD 610–637) – Mesopotamia under Byzantine rule
Umayyad dynasty (AD 661–750) – Umayyad Caliphate
Abbasid Caliphate (AD 750–1258)
Samanid Empire (AD 819–999)
Tahirid dynasty (AD 821–873)
Saffarid dynasty (AD 861–1003)
Hamdanid dynasty (AD 895–1002)
Sallarid dynasty (AD 919–1062)
Buyid dynasty (AD 934–1062)
Uqaylid dynasty (AD 990–1096)
Mirdasid dynasty (AD 1024–1080)
Seljuq dynasty (AD 1037–1077)
Khwarazmian dynasty (AD 1077–1221)
Artuqid dynasty (AD 1101–1409)
Zengid dynasty (AD 1127–1250)
Eldiguzids (AD 1135–1225)
Ayyubid dynasty (AD 1171–1221)
Mongol Empire (AD 1221–1259)
- Ilkhanate (AD 1256–1335)
  - Jalairid Sultanate (AD 1335–1432)
Al Fadl (AD 1107–1538) – Traditional leaders of the Bedouin tribes (Non-sovereign)
Timurid dynasty (AD 1370–1507)
Kara Koyunlu (AD 1374–1468)
Aq Qoyunlu (AD 1378–1501)
Safavid dynasty (AD 1501–1736)
Ottoman dynasty (AD 1534–1864, AD 1831–1920)
Mamluk dynasty (AD 1704–1831)
House of Windsor (AD 1920–1932) – Iraq under British rule
House of Hashim (AD 1920, AD 1932–1958) – Arab Kingdom of Syria (AD 1920) and Kingdom of Iraq (AD 1932–1958)

Mongolia[edit]

Luandi clan (209 BC–AD 93) – Xiongnu confederation (209 BC–AD 48) and Northern Xiongnu (AD 48–93)
Xianbei state (c. AD 93–234)
Rouran Khaganate (AD 330–555)
Ashina tribe (AD 555–630, AD 682–744) – Turkic Khaganate, Eastern Turkic Khaganate and Second Turkic Khaganate
Xueyantuo (AD 628–646)
Tang dynasty (Тан улс) (AD 647–682) – Chinese rule over the Mongolian Plateau under the Protectorate General to Pacify the North
Türgesh Khaganate (Түргэш) (AD 699–766)
Uyghur Khaganate (AD 744–840)
Liao dynasty (Их Ляо улс) (AD 907–1125)
- Western Liao (Баруун Ляо) (AD 1124–1218)
Khamag Mongol (Хамаг Монголын ханлиг) (AD 10th century–1206)
Mongol Empire (Их Монгол улс) (AD 1206–1368)
- Yuan dynasty (Юань улс) (AD 1271–1368) – Mongolia ruled as part of the Lingbei Province of the Yuan dynasty
  - Northern Yuan (Умард Юань) (AD 1368–1635)
Alliance of the Four Oirats (Дөрвөн Ойрд) (AD 1399–1634)
Qing dynasty (Чин улс) (AD 1636–1912) – Mongolia administered by the Lifan Yuan (Гадаад Монголын төрийг засах явдлын яам) of the Qing dynasty
- Later Jin (Хожуу Алтан) (AD 1635–1636)
Bogd Khanate of Mongolia (Олноо өргөгдсөн Монгол улс) (AD 1911–1919, AD 1921–1924) – Limited international recognition

Myanmar (Burma)[edit]

Pyu dynasty (c. 3000 BC–AD 400)
First Tagaung dynasty (c. 850 BC–?) – Legendary
Second Tagaung dynasty (c. 600 BC–?) – Legendary
Thaton Kingdom (သုဝဏ္ဏဘူမိ) (4th century BC–AD 1057)
Kingdom of Pong (AD 1st century–1479)
Sarekhitara dynasty (c. AD 400–1044)
Mong Mao (AD 560–1604)
Early Pagan Kingdom (ခေတ်ဦး ပုဂံ ပြည်) (c. AD 650–1044)
Pagan Kingdom (ပုဂံခေတ်) (AD 1044–1287, AD 1289–1297)
Yuan dynasty (ယွမ်မင်းဆက်) (AD 1274–1368) – Upper Burma ruled as part of the Zhengmian Province and Yunnan Province of the Yuan dynasty
Hanthawaddy Kingdom (ဟံသာဝတီ နေပြည်တော်) (AD 1287–1539, AD 1550–1552)
Myinsaing Kingdom (မြင်စိုင်းခေတ်) (AD 1297–1313)
Pinya Kingdom (ပင်းယခေတ်) (AD 1313–1365)
Sagaing Kingdom (စစ်ကိုင်း နေပြည်တော်) (AD 1315–1365)
Kingdom of Ava (အင်းဝခေတ်) (AD 1364–1555)
Innwa dynasty (AD 1365–1486)
Kingdom of Mrauk-U (AD 1429–1785)
Prome Kingdom (ဒုတိယ သရေခေတ္တရာ နေပြည်တော်) (AD 1482–1542)
Toungoo dynasty (တောင်ငူမင်းဆက်) (AD 1510–1752) – First Toungoo Empire
- Nyaungyan dynasty (AD 1599–1752) – Restored Taungoo Kingdom
Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom (ဟံသာဝတီ နေပြည်တော်) (AD 1740–1757)
Konbaung dynasty (ကုန်းဘောင်ခေတ်) (AD 1752–1885)
House of Hanover (AD 1824–1901) – Burma under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Burma under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–1942, AD 1945–1948) – Burma under British rule

Nepal[edit]

Kirat dynasty
Licchavi (लिच्छवि) (c. AD 400–750)
Tibetan Empire (AD 618–842)
Simroun dynasty (AD 1097–1324)
Khasa-Malla Kingdom (खस मल्ल राज्य) (AD 11th century–14th century)
Malla dynasty (AD 1201–1779)
Shah dynasty (शाह वंश) (AD 1559–2008)
Pande dynasty (पाँडे वंश) (AD 1744–1843) – Hereditary non-monarchical political leaders (Non-sovereign)
Basnyat dynasty (बस्न्यात वंश) (AD 1747–1846) – Hereditary non-monarchical political leaders (Non-sovereign)
Thapa dynasty (थापा वंश) (AD 1806–1837, AD 1843–1845) – Hereditary non-monarchical political leaders (Non-sovereign)
Rana dynasty (राणा वंश) (AD 1846–1951) – Hereditary non-monarchical political leaders (Non-sovereign)

Oman[edit]

Seljuq dynasty (1037–1154 AD)
Nabhani dynasty (1154–1624 AD)
Yaruba dynasty (1624–1749 AD)
House of Al Said (1749–present)

The Philippines[edit]

Royal families

Malay Dynasties
- The Datu Puti Lineage (Ruled the defunct Confederation of Madya-as) (13th century – 1565)
Hindu dynasties
- The Lakandula Dynasty (Ruled the defunct Kingdom of Tondo) (1150–1589)
- The House of Tupas (Ruled the defunct Rajahnate of Cebu) (up to 1565)
- The House of Sri Bata Shaja (Ruled the defunct Rajahnate of Butuan) (989–1586)
Muslim dynasties
- The Ud-Din Royal Hashemite Family (A dynasty which ruled the Maguinadanao Sultanate) (1480–1830)
- The Kiram Royal Hashemite Family (Rules the Sulu Sultanate) (1823 – present)
- The Sultan Diagaborola Balindong Bsar Lineage (Ruled the Lanao Confederation of sultanates in Lanao)
- The Noni Lineage (Co-ruled the Lanao Confederation of sultanates in Lanao)
Under foreign rule
- House of Habsburg (1565-1700)
- House of Bourbon (1700–1808, 1813–1868 and 1874-1898)
- House of Hanover, Manila and parts of Cavite (1762-1764)
- House of Bonaparte (1808–1813)
- House of Savoy (1870-1873)

Qatar[edit]

House of Al Thani (1850–present)

Ryukyu Islands[edit]

Tenson dynasty (天孫氏（てんそんし）) (?–AD 1185) – Legendary
Shunten dynasty (舜天王統（しゅんてんおうとう）) (AD 1187–1259)
Eiso dynasty (英祖王統（えいそおうとう）) (AD 1260–1349)
Sanzan period (三山時代（さんざんじだい）) (AD 1314–1429)
- Haniji line (怕尼芝王統（はねじおうとう）) (AD 1314–1419) – Ruled over Hokuzan (北山)
- Satto line (察度王統（さっとおうとう）) (AD 1314–1429) – Ruled over Chūzan (中山)
- Ōzato dynasty (大里王統（おおさとおうとう）) (AD 1314–1429) – Ruled over Nanzan (南山)
First Shō dynasty (第一尚氏（だいいちしょうし）) (AD 1407–1469) – Also called "Sashiki dynasty" (佐敷王統)
Second Shō dynasty (第二尚氏（だいにしょうし）) (AD 1469–1879) – Also called "Izena dynasty" (伊是名王統)
Imperial House of Japan (皇室（こうしつ）) (AD 1879–present) – Ryukyu Islands under Japanese rule

Saudi Arabia[edit]

Umayyad dynasty (661–750) – Umayyad Caliphate
Abbasid Caliphate (750–1258)
House of Saud (1744–1818, 1824–1891, 1902–present)
Ottoman dynasty (1818–1824) – Saudi Arabia administered as part of the Egypt Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire
Rashidi dynasty (1836–1921)
House of Hashim (1916–1925) – Kingdom of Hejaz

Siberia[edit]

Luandi clan (209 BC–AD 93) – Xiongnu confederation (Хунну) (209 BC–AD 48) and Northern Xiongnu (AD 48–93)
Goguryeo (Когурё) (37 BC–AD 668)
Xianbei state (c. AD 93–234)
Rouran Khaganate (Жужаньский каганат) (AD 330–555)
Ashina tribe (Ашина) (AD 552–659, AD 682–744) – Turkic Khaganate (Тюркский каганат), Eastern Turkic Khaganate (Восточно-тюркский каганат), Western Turkic Khaganate (Западно-тюркский каганат), and Second Turkic Khaganate (Второй восточно-тюркский каганат)
Tang dynasty (Династия Тан) (AD 647–682)
Balhae (Бохай) (AD 698–926)
Uyghur Khaganate (Уйгурский каганат) (AD 744–840)
Liao dynasty (династия Ляо) (AD 907–1125)
Khamag Mongol (Всемонгольское государство) (AD 10th century–1206)
Jin dynasty (династия Цзинь) (AD 1115–1234)
Mongol Empire (Монгольская империя) (AD 1207–1368)
- Golden Horde (Золотая Орда) (AD 1240s–1502)
- Yuan dynasty (Династия Юань) (AD 1271–1368) – Siberia ruled as part of the Liaoyang Province and Lingbei Province of the Yuan dynasty
  - Northern Yuan (Северная Юань) (AD 1368–1635)
Ming dynasty (Империя Мин) (AD 1388–1616) – Outer Manchuria under Ming rule
Shaybanid dynasty (Шейбаниды) (AD 1428–1598) – Khanate of Sibir
Godunov dynasty (AD 1598–1605) – Siberia under Russian rule
Rurik dynasty (Рю́риковичи) (AD 1605–1610) – Siberia under Russian rule
House of Vasa (Васа) (AD 1610–1613) – Siberia under Russian rule
House of Romanov (Рома́новы) (AD 1613–1762, AD 1796–1917, AD 1922) – Siberia under Russian rule
- House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (Ветвь Гольштейн-Готторп-Романовская) (AD 1762, AD 1796–1917, AD 1922)
Qing dynasty (Империя Цин) (AD 1636–1911) – Outer Manchuria under Qing rule (AD 1636–1860) and Tannu Uriankhai under Qing rule (AD 1757–1911)
- Later Jin (Поздняя Цзинь) (AD 1616–1636)
House of Ascania (Аскании) (AD 1762–1796) – Siberia under Russian rule

Singapore[edit]

Srivijaya (AD 650–1299)
Kingdom of Singapura (AD 1299–1398)
Malacca Sultanate (AD 1400–1511)
Malacca-Johor dynasty (AD 1528–1699) – Singapore within the Johor Sultanate
Bendahara dynasty (AD 1699–1819) – Singapore within the Johor Sultanate
House of Hanover (AD 1819–1901) – Singapore under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Singapore under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–1942, AD 1945–1963) – Singapore under British rule

Sri Lanka (Ceylon)[edit]

House of Vijaya (543–237 BC, 215–205 BC, 161–103 BC, 89 BC–AD 66)
Chola dynasty (205–161 BC, AD 1017–1070)
Pandyan dynasty (103–88 BC, AD 436–452, AD 1212–1215)
House of Lambakanna I (AD 66–436)
House of Moriya (AD 463–691)
House of Lambakanna II (AD 691–1017) – Also called "House of Manavanna"
House of Vijayabahu (AD 1056–1187, AD 1197–1200, AD 1209–1210, AD 1211–1212)
House of Kalinga (AD 1187–1197, AD 1200–1209)
Aryacakravarti dynasty (AD 1215–1619) – Jaffna Kingdom
House of Siri Sanga Bo (AD 1220–1597)
House of Dinajara (AD 1590–1739)
Philippine dynasty (AD 1597–1640) – Ceylon under Portuguese rule
Most Serene House of Braganza (AD 1640–1658) – Ceylon under Portuguese rule
Nayaks of Kandy (AD 1739–1815)
House of Hanover (AD 1815–1901) – Ceylon under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Ceylon under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–1972) – Ceylon under British rule (AD 1917–1948) and Ceylon as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1948–1972)

Thailand (Siam)[edit]

Singhanavati (สิงหนวัติ)
Lavachakkaraj dynasty (AD 638–1292) – Kingdom of Hiran
Phra Ruang dynasty (AD 1238–1438) – Sukhothai Kingdom (อาณาจักรสุโขทัย)
Mangrai dynasty (AD 1292–1558) – Lan Na (อาณาจักรล้านนา)
Uthong dynasty (AD 1350–1370, AD 1388–1409) – Ayutthaya Kingdom (อาณาจักรอยุธยา)
Suphannaphum dynasty (AD 1370–1388, AD 1409–1569) – Ayutthaya Kingdom
Inland dynasty (AD 1457–1688) – Pattani Kingdom (อาณาจักรปัตตานี)
Sukhothai dynasty (AD 1569–1629) – Ayutthaya Kingdom
Prasart Thong dynasty (AD 1629–1688) – Ayutthaya Kingdom
Baan Plu Luang dynasty (AD 1688–1767) – Ayutthaya Kingdom
First Kelantanese dynasty (AD 1688–1808) – Pattani Kingdom
Chet Ton dynasty (เชื้อเจ็ดตน) (AD 1732–1943) – Also called "Thipchak dynasty" (ราชวงศ์ทิพย์จักร)
Thonburi dynasty (AD 1767–1782) – Thonburi Kingdom (กรุงธนบุรี)
Chakri dynasty (ราชวงศ์จักรี) (AD 1782–present) – Rattanakosin Kingdom (อาณาจักรรัตนโกสินทร์) and Kingdom of Thailand (ราชอาณาจักรไทย)
Second Kelantanese dynasty (AD 1842–1902) – Pattani Kingdom

Tibet[edit]

Zhangzhung (ཞང་ཞུང་/象雄（ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄒㄩㄥˊ）) (c. 500 BC–AD 625)
Yarlung dynasty (བོད་ཀྱི་གདོད་མའི་མངའ་མཛད།/雅鲁王朝（ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄨㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ）/雅魯王朝) (c. 127 BC–AD 618) – Mythical; Ruled over Pre-Imperial Tibet
Tibetan Empire (བོད་ཆེན་པོ/吐蕃（ㄊㄨˇ ㄅㄛ）) (AD 618–842)
Guge (གུ་གེ་རྒྱལ་རབས/古格王朝（ㄍㄨˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 967–1635)
Tsongkha (ཙོང་ཁ།/唃厮啰国（ㄍㄨㄙㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/唃廝囉國) (AD 1032–1104)
Yuan dynasty (ཡོན་རྒྱལ་རབས།/元朝（ㄩㄢˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 1270–1354) – Tibet administered by the Xuanzheng Yuan of the Yuan dynasty
Phagmodrupa dynasty (ཕག་མོ་གྲུ་པ་/帕木竹巴（ㄆㄚˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄓㄨˊ ㄅㄚ）) (AD 1354–1642)
Ming dynasty (མིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།/明朝（ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 1372–1630) – Sovereignty of the Ming dynasty over Tibet is disputed among historians
Rinpungpa (རིན་སྤུངས་པ་/仁蚌巴（ㄖㄣˊ ㄅㄤˋ ㄅㄚ）) (AD 1435–1565)
Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh (拉达克王国（ㄌㄚㄉㄚˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/拉達克王國) (AD 1460–1842)
Tsangpa (གཙང་པ/藏巴汗（ㄗㄤˋ ㄅㄚㄏㄢˊ）) (AD 1565–1642)
Khoshut Khanate (和硕特汗国（ㄏㄜˊ ㄕㄨㄛˋ ㄊㄜˋ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/和碩特汗國) (AD 1642–1717)
Dzungar Khanate (ཛེ་གུན་གར།།/准噶尔汗国（ㄓㄨㄣˇ ㄍㄚˊ ㄦˇ ㄏㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ）/準噶爾汗國) (AD 1717–1720)
Qing dynasty (ཆིང་རྒྱལ་རབས།/清朝（ㄑㄧㄥㄔㄠˊ）) (AD 1720–1912) – Tibet administered by the Lifan Yuan of the Qing dynasty

Timor-Leste[edit]

Most Serene House of Braganza (AD 1702–1910) – Timor-Leste under Portuguese rule
- House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1853–1910)

Turkey[edit]

Hittite Empire (c. 1600–1178 BC)
Neo-Assyrian Empire (911–609 BC)
- Sargonid dynasty (721–627 BC)
Median Kingdom (678–549 BC)
Achaemenid Empire (550–330 BC)
Argead dynasty (334–305 BC) – Anatolia under Macedonian rule
Antigonid dynasty (306–286 BC, 276–168 BC) – Anatolia under Macedonian rule
Antipatrid dynasty (305–294 BC, 279–276 BC) – Anatolia under Macedonian rule
Attalid dynasty (282–133 BC)
Mithridatic dynasty (281 BC–AD 62) – Kingdom of Pontus
Seleucid dynasty (200–188 BC) – Anatolia within the Seleucid Empire
House of Odaenathus (AD 270–273) – Palmyrene Empire
Constantinian dynasty (AD 330–363) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–379) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Theodosian dynasty (AD 379–457) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
House of Leo (AD 457–518) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Justinian dynasty (AD 518–602) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Heraclian dynasty (AD 610–711) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Isurian dynasty (AD 717–802) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Nikephorian dynasty (AD 802–813) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Amorian dynasty (AD 820–867) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Macedonian dynasty (AD 867–1056) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Doukid dynasty (AD 1059–1081) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Saltukids (AD 1071–1202)
Komnenos dynasty (AD 1081–1185) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Artuqid dynasty (AD 1101–1409)
Angelos dynasty (AD 1185–1204) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Laskarid dynasty (AD 1204–1261) – Empire of Nicaea (Exiled court of the Byzantine Empire)
Palaiologos dynasty (AD 1261–1453) – Anatolia under Byzantine rule
Seljuq dynasty (AD 1077–1308) – Seljuk Empire and Sultanate of Rum
Ottoman dynasty (AD 1299–1922) – Turkey within the Ottoman Empire
House of Lusignan (AD 1361–1448) – Antalya and Corycus within the Kingdom of Cyprus
Kara Koyunlu (AD 1374–1468)

United Arab Emirates[edit]

Al-Qasimi (1708–present) – Ruling house of Ras Al Khaimah and Sharjah (Non-sovereign)
Al Nahyan (1761–present) – Ruling house of Abu Dhabi (Non-sovereign)
Al Mualla (1768–present) – Ruling house of Umm Al Quwain (Non-sovereign)
Al Nuaimi (1816–present) – Ruling house of Ajman (Non-sovereign)
Al Maktoum (1833–present) – Ruling house of Dubai (Non-sovereign)
Al Sharqi (1879–present) – Ruling house of Fujairah (Non-sovereign)

Vietnam[edit]

Hồng Bàng dynasty (Hồng Bàng thị/鴻龐氏) (2879–258 BC)
- Càn line (Chi Càn/支乾) (2879–2794 BC)
- Khảm line (Chi Khảm/支坎) (2793–2525 BC)
- Cấn line (Chi Cấn/支艮) (2524–2253 BC)
- Chấn line (Chi Chấn/支震) (2252–1913 BC)
- Tốn line (Chi Tốn/支巽) (1912–1713 BC)
- Ly line (Chi Ly/支離) (1712–1632 BC)
- Khôn line (Chi Khôn/支坤) (1631–1432 BC)
- Đoài line (Chi Đoài/支兌) (1431–1332 BC)
- Giáp line (Chi Giáp/支甲) (1331–1252 BC)
- Ất line (Chi Ất/支乙) (1251–1162 BC)
- Bính line (Chi Bính/支丙) (1161–1055 BC)
- Đinh line (Chi Đinh/支丁) (1054–969 BC)
- Mậu line (Chi Mậu/支戊) (968–854 BC)
- Kỷ line (Chi Kỷ/支己) (853–755 BC)
- Canh line (Chi Canh/支庚) (754–661 BC)
- Tân line (Chi Tân/支辛) (660–569 BC)
- Nhâm line (Chi Nhâm/支壬) (568–409 BC)
- Qúy line (Chi Qúy/支癸) (408–258 BC)
Thục dynasty (Nhà Thục/家蜀) (257–207 BC)
Triệu dynasty (Nhà Triệu/家趙) (204–111 BC) – Founded by Zhao Tuo (Triệu Đà/趙佗) from the Chinese Qin dynasty; Vietnam ruled as part of Nanyue (Nam Việt/南越)
Han dynasty (Nhà Hán/家漢) (111 BC–AD 9, AD 23–40, AD 43–220) – First Chinese domination of Vietnam (Bắc thuộc lần thứ nhất/北屬吝次一) and Second Chinese domination of Vietnam (Bắc thuộc lần thứ hai/北屬吝次二)
Xin dynasty (Nhà Tân/家新) (AD 9–23) – First Chinese domination of Vietnam; Interrupted the Han dynasty
Trưng Sisters (Hai Bà Trưng/𠄩婆徵) (AD 40–43) – Interrupted the Han dynasty
Eastern Wu (Đông Ngô/東吳) (AD 229–265, AD 271–280) – Second Chinese domination of Vietnam
Jin dynasty (Nhà Tấn/家晉) (AD 266–271, AD 280–420) – Second Chinese domination of Vietnam
Liu Song (Lưu Tống/劉宋) (AD 420–479) – Second Chinese domination of Vietnam
Southern Qi (Nam Tề/南齊) (AD 479–502) – Second Chinese domination of Vietnam
Liang dynasty (Nhà Lương/家梁) (AD 502–544) – Second Chinese domination of Vietnam
Early Lý dynasty (Nhà Tiền Lý/家前李) (AD 544–602)
Sui dynasty (Nhà Tùy/家隋) (AD 602–618) – Third Chinese domination of Vietnam (Bắc thuộc lần thứ ba/北屬吝次三)
Tang dynasty (Nhà Đường/家唐) (AD 618–690, AD 705–905) – Third Chinese domination of Vietnam
- Wu Zhou (Võ Chu/武周) (AD 690–705) – Third Chinese domination of Vietnam; Interrupted the Tang dynasty
Khúc clan (Họ Khúc/𣱆曲) (AD 905–930)
Southern Han (Nam Hán/南漢) (AD 930–938) – Third Chinese domination of Vietnam
Ngô dynasty (Nhà Ngô/家吳) (AD 939–965)
Đinh dynasty (Nhà Đinh/家丁) (AD 968–980)
Early Lê dynasty (Nhà Tiền Lê/家前黎) (AD 980–1009)
Lý dynasty (Nhà Lý/家李) (AD 1009–1225)
Trần dynasty (Nhà Trần/家陳) (AD 1225–1400)
- Later Trần dynasty (Nhà Hậu Trần/家後陳) (AD 1407–1413)
Hồ dynasty (Nhà Hồ/家胡) (AD 1400–1407)
Ming dynasty (Nhà Minh/家明) (AD 1407–1427) – Fourth Chinese domination of Vietnam (Thời thuộc Minh/時屬明)
Later Lê dynasty (Nhà Hậu Lê/家後黎) (AD 1428–1527, AD 1533–1789)
- Primitive Lê dynasty (Nhà Lê sơ/家黎初) (AD 1428–1527)
- Revival Lê dynasty (Nhà Lê trung hưng/家黎中興) (AD 1533–1789)
Mạc dynasty (Nhà Mạc/家莫) (AD 1527–1677)
Trịnh lords (Chúa Trịnh/主鄭) (AD 1545–1787)
Nguyễn lords (Chúa Nguyễn/主阮) (AD 1558–1777)
Tây Sơn dynasty (Nhà Tây Sơn/家西山) (AD 1778–1802)
Nguyễn dynasty (Nhà Nguyễn/家阮) (AD 1802–1945)
House of Bonaparte (AD 1862–1870) – Cochinchina (Nam Kỳ/南圻) under French rule

Yemen[edit]

Kingdom of Saba' (c. 1200 BC–AD 275)
Kingdom of Awsan (800–500 BC)
Kingdom of Ma'in (8th century–100 BC)
Kingdom of Ḥaḑramawt (8th century BC–AD 300)
Kingdom of Qatabān (4th century BC–AD 200)
Himyarite Kingdom (110 BC–AD 525)
Solomonic dynasty (AD 520–570) – Yemen within the Kingdom of Aksum
House of Sasan (AD 570–630) – Yemen within the Sasanian Empire
Umayyad dynasty (AD 661–750) – Umayyad Caliphate
Abbasid Caliphate (AD 750–897)
Ziyadid dynasty (AD 818–1018)
Yufirids (AD 847–997)
Rassids (AD 897–1596, AD 1918–1970)
- Qasimids (AD 1597–1872)
Najahid dynasty (AD 1022–1158)
Sulayhid dynasty (AD 1047–1138)
Sulaymanids (AD 1063–1174)
Zurayids (AD 1083–1174)
Yemeni Hamdanids (AD 1099–1174)
- First Hatimid line (AD 1099–1116)
- Banu‘l-Qubaib line (AD 1116–1139)
- Second Hatimid line (AD 1139–1174)
Mahdids (AD 1159–1174)
Ayyubid dynasty (AD 1174–1229)
Rasulid dynasty (AD 1229–1454)
Kathiri State of Seiyun in Hadhramaut (AD 14th century–1967)
Tahirid dynasty (AD 1454–1517)
Emirate of Dhala (AD 15th century–1967)
Fadhli Sultanate (AD 15th century–1967)
House of Aviz-Beja (AD 1506–1511) – Socotra under Portuguese rule
Ottoman dynasty (AD 1538–1635, AD 1872–1918) – Yemen Eyalet of the Ottoman Empire (AD 1538–1635) and Yemen Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire (AD 1872–1918)
Wahidi Sultanate of Balhaf in Hadhramaut (AD 1640–1967)
Wahidi Sultanate of Habban (AD 1640–1967)
Emirate of Beihan (AD 1680–1967)
Sultanate of Lahej (AD 1728–1967)
`Alawi Sheikhdom (AD 1743–1967)
Mawsata (AD 1780–1967)
Sultanate of Lower Yafa (AD 1800–1967)
Upper Yafa (AD 1800–1967)
Hadrami Sheikhdom (AD 1820–1967)
Wahidi Sultanate of Bir ‘Ali (AD 1830–1967)
Muflihi Sheikdom (AD 1850–1967)
Qu'aiti State in Hadhramaut (AD 1858–1967)
Mahra Sultanate of Qishn and Socotra (AD 1886–1967)
`Aqrabi Sheikhdom (AD 18th century–1967)
Dathina Sheikhdom (AD 18th century–1967)
`Awdhali Sultanate (AD 18th century–1967)
Bu`si Sheikdom (AD 18th century–1967)
Hawshabi Sultanate of Musaymir (AD 18th century–1967)
Lower Aulaqi Sultanate (AD 18th century–1967)
Sheikhdom of Shaib (AD 18th century–1967)
Upper Aulaqi Sheikhdom (AD 18th century–1967)
Upper Aulaqi Sultanate (AD 18th century–1967)
Dhubi Sheikhdom (AD 18th century–1967)
Qutaibi Sheikhdom
House of Windsor (AD 1932–1963) – Aden under British rule

Europe[edit]

Albania[edit]

Julio–Claudian dynasty (27 BC–AD 68)
Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96)
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192)
Severan dynasty (AD 193–235)
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244)
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253)
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268)
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285)
Constantinian dynasty (AD 305–363) – Western Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–392) – Western Roman Empire (AD 364–392) and Byzantine Empire (AD 364–379)
Theodosian dynasty (AD 379–457) – Western Roman Empire (AD 392–455) and Byzantine Empire (AD 379–457)
House of Leo (AD 457–518) – Western Roman Empire (AD 474–480) and Byzantine Empire (AD 457–518)
Justinian dynasty (AD 518–602) – Byzantine Empire
Heraclian dynasty (AD 610–711) – Byzantine Empire
Isaurian dynasty (AD 717–802) – Byzantine Empire
Nikephorian dynasty (AD 802–813) – Byzantine Empire
Amorian dynasty (AD 820–867) – Byzantine Empire
Macedonian dynasty (AD 867–1056) – Byzantine Empire
Doukid dynasty (AD 1059–1081) – Byzantine Empire
Komnenos dynasty (AD 1081–1185) – Byzantine Empire
Angelos dynasty (AD 1185–1204) – Byzantine Empire
Palaiologos dynasty (AD 1261–1453) – Byzantine Empire
Progon Dynasty (1190–1216)
Capetian House of Anjou (1272–1368)
Kastrioti (1444–1468)
House of Osman (1415–1912)
House of Wied-Neuwied (1914–1925)
House of Zogu (1928–1939)
House of Savoy (1939–1943)

Austria[edit]

House of Babenberg (976–1246)
House of Habsburg (1278–1780) – Also called "House of Austria"
- Albertinian line (1379–1439, 1440–1457)
- Leopoldian line (1379–1493)
- House of Habsburg-Lorraine (1780–1918)

Barbarians[edit]

Bavarii[edit]

Agilolfing dynasty

Franks[edit]

Merovingian dynasty (481–751)
Carolingian dynasty (751–843)
Arnulfings or Pippinids, mayors of the palaces. Ancestors of the Carolingians.

Huns[edit]

This is a list of rulers of the Huns. Period Ruler

Vund c. 360
Balamber 360–378
Baltazár (Alypbi) 378–390
Uldin (Khan of the Western Huns) 390–410
Donatus (Khan of the Eastern Black Sea Huns & beyond) 410–412
Charaton (Aksungur) 412–422
Octar[1] 422–432
Rugila 432–434
Bleda with Attila c. 434 – c. 445
Attila "the Hun" c. 434–453
Ellac 453 – c. 455
Tuldila fl. c. 457
Dengizich (Sabirs attack c. 460–463) ?-469 with Hernach/BelkErmak
Hernach/BelkErmak[2] 469–503
House of Dulo Bulgaria (390–503) A Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans genealogy claims that the Dulo clan is descended from Attila the Hun.

Scirii[edit]

Edeko
Odoacer (435–493), was the 5th-century King of Italy

Avars[edit]

Lombards[edit]

Lething Dynasty (until early 6th century)
Gausian Dynasty (546–572)
Arodingian Dynasty (635–653)
Bavarian Dynasty (615–635, 653–712)

Ostrogoths[edit]

Amal Dynasty (before 474–536)

Suebi[edit]

Suebic Dynasty (409–585)

Vandals[edit]

Hasdingi (before 407–534)

Visigoths[edit]

Balthi Dynasty (395–531)

Belgium[edit]

Medieval feudal states^[10][edit]

House of Flanders (rulers of various entities in the Southern Netherlands and Crusader states 863–1280)
House of Dampierre (rulers of various entities in the Southern Netherlands and France 1247-1405)
House of Reginar (rulers of various entities in the Southern Netherlands c. 770–1406)
House of Burgundy (1384–1482)

Kingdom of Belgium[edit]

House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1831–1920)
- House of Belgium (1920–present)

Bohemia/Czechia[edit]

Great Moravia[edit]

Moymirid dynasty (c.830–906?)

Duchy of Bohemia[edit]

Přemyslid dynasty (c. 870–1198)

Kingdom of Bohemia[edit]

Přemyslid dynasty (1085–1092, 1158–1172, 1198–1306; heredity of the royal title established in 1212)
House of Gorizia (1306, 1307–1310)
House of Habsburg (1306–1307, 1437–1439, 1453–1457, 1526–1780)
House of Luxembourg (1310–1437; Lands of the Bohemian Crown established in 1348)
House of Poděbrady (1457–1471)
House of Hunyadi (1469–1490; in opposition to the House of Poděbrady and from 1471 to the House of Jagiellon; never crowned)
House of Jagiellon (1471–1526)
House of Wittelsbach (1619–1620, 1741–1743; in opposition to the House of Habsburg)
House of Habsburg-Lorraine (1780–1918)

Cyprus[edit]

Sargonid dynasty (709–627 BC) – Cyprus under Assyrian rule
Dynasty XXVI of Egypt (570–525 BC) – Cyprus under Egyptian rule
Achaemenid Empire (525–332 BC)
Argead dynasty (332–323 BC) – Cyprus under Macedonian rule
Ptolemaic dynasty (323–58 BC)
Julio–Claudian dynasty (27 BC–AD 68) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (AD 68–96) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (AD 193–235) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Illyrian emperors (AD 268–284) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (AD 305–363) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–379) – Cyprus under Roman rule
Theodosian dynasty (AD 379–457) – Cyprus under Roman rule (AD 379–395) and Cyprus under Byzantine rule (AD 379–457)
House of Leo (AD 457–518) – Cyprus under Byzantine rule
Justinian dynasty (AD 518–602) – Cyprus under Byzantine rule
Heraclian dynasty (AD 610–711) – Cyprus under Byzantine rule (AD 610–688) and Cyprus as a Byzantine-Arab condominium (AD 688–711)
Umayyad dynasty (AD 688–750) – Cyprus as a Byzantine-Arab condominium within the Umayyad Caliphate
Isaurian dynasty (AD 717–802) – Cyprus as a Byzantine-Arab condominium
Abbasid Caliphate (AD 750–965) – Cyprus as a Byzantine-Arab condominium
Nikephorian dynasty (AD 802–813) – Cyprus as a Byzantine-Arab condominium
Amorian dynasty (AD 820–867) – Cyprus as a Byzantine-Arab condominium
Macedonian dynasty (AD 867–1056) – Cyprus as a Byzantine-Arab condominium (AD 867–965) and Cyprus under Byzantine rule (AD 965–1056)
Doukid dynasty (AD 1059–1081) – Cyprus under Byzantine rule
Komnenos dynasty (AD 1081–1191) – Cyprus under Byzantine rule (AD 1081–1185) and independent Cyprus during the reign of Isaac Komnenos (AD 1185–1191)
House of Lusignan (AD 1191–1489) – Kingdom of Cyprus
Ottoman dynasty (AD 1571–1878)
House of Hanover (AD 1878–1901) – Cyprus under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Cyprus under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Cyprus under British rule (AD 1917–1960) and Akrotiri and Dhekelia under British rule (AD 1917–present)

Denmark[edit]

House of Olaf (c. AD 9th century–10th century) – Semi-legendary
House of Knýtlinga (AD 916–1042) – Also called "House of Denmark" and "Jelling dynasty"
- House of Estridsen (AD 1047–1332, AD 1340–1412)
Fairhair dynasty (AD 1042–1047) – Denmark within the Norwegian Realm
House of Bjelbo (AD 1376–1387)
House of Griffins (AD 1397–1439)
House of Palatinate-Neumarkt (AD 1440–1448)
House of Oldenburg (AD 1448–1533, AD 1534–1863)
- House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (AD 1863–present)

England[edit]

Julio–Claudian dynasty (AD 43–68) – England under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96) – England under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192) – England under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (AD 193–235) – England under Roman rule
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – England under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – England under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–260) – England under Roman rule
Gallic Empire (260–274 AD) – Breakaway state during the Crisis of the Third Century
Illyrian emperors (AD 274–284) – England under Roman rule
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285) – England under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (AD 305–363) – England under Roman rule
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–392) – England under Roman rule
Theodosian dynasty (AD 392–410) – England under Roman rule
Wuffingas (AD 6th century–749) – Kingdom of East Anglia
House of Wessex (AD 519–645, AD 648–1013, AD 1014–1016, AD 1042–1066)
Iclingas (AD 527–606, AD 626–656, AD 658–796) – Kingdom of Mercia
- C dynasty of Mercia (AD 796–823, AD 840)
East Anglian dynasty (AD 749–794, AD 796–800, AD 927–869) – Kingdom of East Anglia
B dynasty of Mercia (AD 757, AD 823–826, AD 840–874) – Kingdom of Mercia
W dynasty of Mercia (AD 827–829, AD 830–840) – Kingdom of Mercia
House of Knýtlinga (AD 1013–1014, AD 1016–1042) – Also called "House of Denmark" and "Jelling dynasty"
House of Godwin (AD 1066)
House of Normandy (AD 1066–1135)
House of Blois (AD 1135–1154)
Angevins (AD 1154–1216)
- House of Plantagenet (AD 1216–1399)
  - House of Lancaster (AD 1399–1461, AD 1470–1471)
  - House of York (AD 1461–1470, AD 1471–1485)
House of Capet (AD 1216–1217) – Disputed claim to the English throne
House of Tudor (AD 1485–1603)
House of Stuart (AD 1603–1649, AD 1660–1714)
House of Hanover (AD 1714–1901)
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917)
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present)

Finland[edit]

House of Bjelbo (Bjälbo-suku) (AD 1250–1364) – Finland under Swedish rule
House of Mecklenburg (AD 1364–1395) – Finland under Swedish rule
House of Estridsen (AD 1389–1412) – Finland under Swedish rule
House of Griffins (AD 1412–1439) – Finland under Swedish rule
House of Wittelsbach (AD 1441–1448, AD 1654–1720) – Finland under Swedish rule
- House of Palatinate-Neumarkt (AD 1441–1448)
- House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken (Pfalzilainen suku) (AD 1654–1720)
House of Bonde (AD 1448–1457, AD 1464–1470) – Finland under Swedish rule
House of Oldenburg (AD 1457–1464, AD 1497–1501, AD 1520–1521) – Finland under Swedish rule
- House of Holstein-Gottorp (AD 1751–1809) – Finland under Swedish rule
- House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (AD 1809–1917) – Finland under Russian rule
House of Vasa (Vaasa-suku) (AD 1521–1654) – Finland under Swedish rule
House of Hesse (Hessen) (AD 1720–1751, AD 1918) – Finland under Swedish rule

France[edit]

Julio–Claudian dynasty (Julio-Claudiens) (27 BC–AD 68) – Gaul under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (Flaviens) (AD 69–96) – Gaul under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (Antonins) (AD 96–192) – Gaul under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (Sévères) (AD 193–235) – Gaul under Roman rule
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – Gaul under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – Gaul under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–260) – Gaul under Roman rule
Gallic Empire (Empire des Gaules) (AD 260–274) – Breakaway state during the Crisis of the Third Century
Illyrian emperors (Empereurs illyriens) (AD 274–284) – Gaul under Roman rule
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285) – Gaul under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (Constantiniens) (AD 305–363) – Gaul under Roman rule
Valentinian dynasty (Valentiniens) (AD 364–392) – Gaul under Roman rule
Theodosian dynasty (Dynastie théodosienne) (AD 392–455) – Gaul under Roman rule
Kingdom of Soissons (Royaume de Soissons) (AD 457–486) – Rump state of the Western Roman Empire
Merovingian dynasty (Mérovingiens) (AD 509–751)
Carolingian dynasty (Carolingiens) (AD 751–888, AD 898–922, AD 936–987)
Robertian dynasty (Robertiens) (AD 888–898, AD 922–923)
Bosonids (Bosonides) (AD 923–936)
Capetian dynasty (Capétiens) (AD 987–1792, AD 1793–1795, AD 1814–1848)
- House of Capet (Maison capétienne) (AD 987–1328) – Also called "House of France" (Maison de France) and "Direct Capetians" (Capétiens directs)
- House of Valois (Maison capétienne de Valois) (AD 1328–1589)
  - House of Valois-Orléans (Le rameau d'Orléans) (AD 1498–1515)
  - House of Valois-Angoulême (Le rameau d'Orléans-Angoulême) (AD 1515–1589)
- House of Bourbon (Maison de Bourbon) (AD 1589–1792, AD 1793–1795, AD 1814–1848)
  - House of Bourbon-Vendôme (Maison de Bourbon-Vendôme) (AD 1589–1792, AD 1814–1830)
  - House of Orléans (Maison d'Orléans) (AD 1830–1848) – Also called "House of Bourbon-Orléans" (Maison de Bourbon-Orléans)
House of Lancaster (Maison de Lancastre) (AD 1422–1453) – Disputed claim to the French throne
House of Bonaparte (Maison Bonaparte) (AD 1804–1814, AD 1815, AD 1852–1870)

Germany[edit]

Carolingian dynasty (Karolinger) (AD 843–911)
Conradines (Konradiner) (AD 911–918)
Ottonian dynasty (Liudolfinger) (AD 919–921, AD 936–1024)
Salian dynasty (Salier) (AD 1024–1125) – Also called "Frankish dynasty"
Supplinburger dynasty (AD 1125–1137)
Hohenstaufen (Staufer) (AD 1138–1208, AD 1212–1254)
House of Welf (Welfen) (AD 1198–1215)
House of Thuringia (AD 1246–1247)
House of Holland (AD 1247–1256)
House of Plantagenet (Haus Plantagenet) (AD 1257–1272)
House of Ivrea (Haus Burgund-Ivrea) (AD 1257–1275)
House of Habsburg (Haus Habsburg) (AD 1273–1291, AD 1298–1308, AD 1325–1330, AD 1438–1740)
House of Nassau (Haus Nassau) (AD 1292–1298)
House of Luxembourg (Haus Luxemburg) (AD 1308–1313, AD 1346–1400, AD 1410–1437)
House of Wittelsbach (Haus Wittelsbach) (AD 1314–1347, AD 1400–1410, AD 1742–1745)
House of Schwarzburg (Schwarzburger) (AD 1349)
House of Lorraine (Haus Lothringen) (AD 1745–1765)
- House of Habsburg-Lorraine (Habsburg-Lothringen) (AD 1764–1806, AD 1815–1849, AD 1850–1866)
House of Bonaparte (AD 1806–1813)
Beauharnais (AD 1813)
House of Hohenzollern (Haus Hohenzollern) (AD 1525–1918)

Bavaria[edit]

Liutpolding Dynasty (889–947)
Ottonian Dynasty (947–1017)
House of Luxembourg (1017–1026, 1039–1047)
Salian Dynasty (1026–1039, 1053–1061)
House of Welf (1070–1138, 1156–1180)
House of Babenberg (1138–1156)
House of Wittelsbach (1180–1918)

Saxony[edit]

Liudolfing Dynasty (843–961)
Billung Dynasty (961–1106)
Supplinburger Dynasty (1106–1127)
House of Welf (1127–1138, 1142–1180)
Ascanian Dynasty (1138–1142, 1180–1422)
Wettin Dynasty (1422–1918)

Greece[edit]

Erechtheid dynasty (1556–1127 BC) – Athens (Αθήνα)
Melanthid dynasty (1126–1068 BC) – Athens
Agiad dynasty (930–215 BC) – Sparta (Σπάρτη)
Eurypontid dynasty (930–206 BC) – Sparta
Argead dynasty (Ἀργεάδαι) (700–305 BC) – Macedonia (Μακεδονία)
Paeonia Kingdom (Παιονία) (?–511 BC)
Achaemenid Empire (Αχαιμενιδική Αυτοκρατορία) (511–499 BC, 492–479 BC)
Antigonid dynasty (Ἀντιγονίδαι) (306–286 BC, 276–168 BC) – Macedonia
Antipatrid dynasty (Ἀντιπατρίδαι) (305–294 BC, 279–276 BC) – Macedonia
Mithridatic dynasty (281–37 BC) – Pontus (Βασίλειο του Πόντου)
Julio–Claudian dynasty (Ιουλιο-Κλαυδιανή δυναστεία) (27 BC–AD 68) – Greece under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96) – Greece under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192) – Greece under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (AD 193–235) – Greece under Roman rule
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – Greece under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – Greece under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268) – Greece under Roman rule
Illyrian emperors (AD 268–284) – Greece under Roman rule
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285) – Greece under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (Δυναστεία του Κωνσταντίνου) (AD 305–363) – Greece under Roman/Byzantine rule
Valentinian dynasty (Δυναστεία του Βαλεντινιανού) (AD 364–392) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Theodosian dynasty (Δυναστεία του Θεοδοσίου) (AD 379–457) – Greece under Byzantine rule
House of Leo (Δυναστεία του Λέοντος) (AD 457–518) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Justinian dynasty (AD 518–602) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Heraclian dynasty (AD 610–711) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Isaurian dynasty (Δυναστεία των Ισαύρων) (AD 717–802) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Nikephorian dynasty (Δυναστεία του Νικηφόρου) (AD 802–813) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Amorian dynasty (AD 820–867) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Macedonian dynasty (Δυναστεία των Μακεδόνων) (AD 867–1056) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Doukid dynasty (Δυναστεία των Δουκών) (AD 1059–1081) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Komnenos dynasty (Δυναστεία των Κομνηνών) (AD 1081–1185) – Greece under Byzantine rule
Angelos dynasty (Οίκος των Αγγέλων) (AD 1185–1204) – Greece under Byzantine rule
House of Flanders (Οίκος της Φλάνδρας) (AD 1204–1216) – Greece within the Latin Empire (Λατινική Αυτοκρατορία)
Capetian House of Courtenay (AD 1216–1261) – Greece within the Latin Empire
Palaiologos dynasty (Δυναστεία των Παλαιολόγων) (AD 1261–1453) – Byzantine rule in Greece restored
House of Barcelona (Οίκος της Βαρκελώνης) (AD 1319–1387) – Duchy of Neopatras
Ottoman dynasty (Οθωμανική Δυναστεία) (AD 1458–1830) – Greece under Ottoman rule
House of Wittelsbach (Οίκος του Βίττελσμπαχ) (AD 1832–1862) – Kingdom of Greece (Βασίλειο της Ελλάδας)
House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (Οίκος του Σλέσβιχ-Χόλσταϊν-Σόντερμπουργκ-Γκλύξμπουργκ) (AD 1863–1924, AD 1935–1973) – Kingdom of Greece

Hungary[edit]

Árpád Dynasty (c. 895 – 1301)
Samuel Aba of Hungary Aba – Árpád Dynasty (1038–1044)
Přemyslid Dynasty (1301–1305)
House of Wittelsbach (1305–1308)
Capetian Dynasty, House of Anjou (1308–1395)
House of Luxemburg (1387–1437)
Matthias Corvinus, House of Hunyadi (1458–1490)
Habsburg Dynasty (1437–1457, 1526–1918)
Jagiellonian Dynasty (1440–1526)
Zápolya Dynasty (1526–1571)

Iceland[edit]

Fairhair dynasty (AD 1262–1319) – Iceland under Norwegian rule
House of Bjelbo (AD 1319–1387) – Iceland under Norwegian rule
House of Estridsen (AD 1388–1412) – Iceland under Norwegian rule
House of Griffins (AD 1412–1442) – Iceland under Norwegian rule
House of Palatinate-Neumarkt (AD 1442–1448) – Iceland under Norwegian rule
House of Bonde (AD 1449–1450) – Iceland under Norwegian rule
House of Oldenburg (AD 1450–1863) – Iceland under Norwegian rule (AD 1450–1814) and Iceland under Danish rule (AD 1814–1863)
- House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (AD 1863–1944) – Iceland under Danish rule (AD 1863–1918) and Kingdom of Iceland (AD 1918–1944)

Ireland[edit]

MacCarthy (Mac Cárthaigh)
O'Brien (978–1542)
O'Conor Don (Ó Conchubhair Donn)
O'Donnell (Ó Domhnaill)(1200–1601)
O'Neill (Ó Néill)
Osraige
Dál Birn
Fitzpatrick
Airgíalla (331–1585)
Bréifne (700–1256)
Uí Briúin
Connachta
Uí Fiachrach (5th century – 17th century)
Uí Maine (357–1611)
Desmumu
Eóganachta
Laigin
Uí Chennselaig
Mide
Tuadmumu
D'Alton
Dál gCais
Uí Néill
Cenél Conaill (Northern)
Cenél nEógain (Northern)
Ulaid (before 450 – 1177)
Dál Fiatach
De'voy
Crowley
Burke
Clanricarde
House of Plantagenet (1154–1485)
- Angevin kings of England (1154–1215)
- House of Lancaster (1399–1461 and 1470–1471) (Throne merged with English)

Italy[edit]

Julio–Claudian dynasty (Dinastia giulio-claudia) (27 BC–AD 68) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Flavian dynasty (Dinastia flavia) (AD 69–96) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Severan dynasty (Dinastia dei Severi) (AD 193–235) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Illyrian emperors (Imperatori illirici) (AD 268–284) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Constantinian dynasty (Dinastia costantiniana) (AD 305–363) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Valentinian dynasty (Casata di Valentiniano) (AD 364–392) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Theodosian dynasty (Casata di Teodosio) (AD 392–455) – Italy within the Roman Empire
House of Leo (Casata di Leone) (AD 474–476) – Italy within the Roman Empire
Amali dynasty (AD 493–553)
Lething dynasty (Letingi) (c. AD 5th century–546)
Gausian dynasty (Gausi) (AD 546–572)
Justinian dynasty (Dinastia giustinianea) (c. AD 555) – Italy within the Byzantine Empire
Bavarian dynasty (Bavarese) (AD 616–626, AD 653–662, AD 671–712)
Harodingian dynasty (Arodingi) (AD 636–653)
Beneventan dynasty (AD 662–671)
Carolingian dynasty (Carolingi) (AD 774–888)
House of Boniface (AD 812–931)
Anatolian dynasty (AD 839–866)
House of Capua (AD 840–866, AD 871–1058)
House of Spoleto (AD 866–871)
Docibilan dynasty (AD 866–1032)
House of Boso (AD 931–1001)
Aleramici (AD 933–1305)
Kalbids (Kalbiti) (AD 948–1053)
House of Musco Comite (AD 958–1039, AD 1052–1073)
Ottonian dynasty (Dinastia ottoniana) (AD 962–1024)
House of Hucpold (AD 1004–1011)
House of Canossa (Casa di Canossa) (AD 1027–1115)
Salian dynasty (Dinastia salica) (AD 1027–1125)
House of Salerno (AD 1038–1052)
Süpplingenburg dynasty (AD 1125–1137)
Hauteville family (Altavilla) (AD 1071–1198)
Hohenstaufen (AD 1128–1266)
Visconti of Pisa and Sardinia (Visconti di Pisa) (AD 1207–1308)
House of Welf (Welfen) (AD 1208–1212)
House of Este (Casa d'Este) (AD 1240–1796)
House of Plantagenet (Plantageneti) (AD 1254–1263) – Ineffectual claim to the Sicilian throne
Capetian dynasty (Capetingi) (AD 1266–1442, AD 1499–1512, AD 1515–1521, AD 1700–1713, AD 1731–1861)
- Capetian House of Anjou (Angioini) (AD 1266–1390, AD 1399–1435)
- House of Valois (Casa di Valois) (AD 1382–1434, AD 1435–1442, AD 1499–1512, AD 1515–1521)
  - House of Valois-Anjou (Casa di Valois-Angiò) (AD 1382–1434, AD 1435–1442)
  - House of Valois-Orléans (Dinastia Valois-Orléans) (AD 1499–1512)
  - House of Valois-Angoulême (Dinastia Valois-Angoulême) (AD 1515–1521)
- House of Bourbon-Anjou (AD 1700–1713, AD 1734–1816)
  - House of Bourbon-Parma (Borbone di Parma) (AD 1731–1735, AD 1748–1807, AD 1847–1859)
  - House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (Borbone delle Due Sicilie) (AD 1735–1861)
House of Barcelona (Casa di Barcellona) (AD 1282–1410)
Palaiologos dynasty (Paleologi) (AD 1306–1533)
House of Luxembourg (Casata di Lussemburgo) (AD 1311–1313, AD 1355–1437)
House of Wittelsbach (Casato di Wittelsbach) (AD 1327–1347)
Albizzi family (AD 1382–1434)
Visconti of Milan (AD 1395–1447)
House of Trastámara (Casa de Trastámara) (AD 1412–1516, AD 1442–1501, AD 1504–1516)
House of Medici (AD 1434–1494, AD 1512–1737)
House of Habsburg (Casa d'Asburgo) (AD 1437–1780)
- House of Habsburg-Lorraine (Asburgo-Lorena) (AD 1737–1801, AD 1814–1860, AD 1780–1796)
House of Sforza (Famiglia Sforza) (AD 1450–1499, AD 1513–1515, AD 1522–1535)
House of Gonzaga (AD 1536–1708)
House of Farnese (AD 1545–1731)
House of Guise (Casa di Guisa) (AD 1647–1648)
House of Bonaparte (AD 1805–1814)
House of Murat (Casa Murat) (AD 1808–1815)
House of Savoy (Casa Savoia) (AD 1713–1720, AD 1762–1799, AD 1861–1946)

Liechtenstein[edit]

House of Liechtenstein (1608–present)

Luxembourg[edit]

House of Luxembourg (AD 963–1136)
- House of Luxembourg-Namur (AD 1136–1196, AD 1197–1226)
- House of Luxembourg-Limburg (AD 1247–1425)
Hohenstaufen (AD 1196–1197)
House of Valois-Burgundy (AD 1443–1482)
House of Habsburg (AD 1482–1700, AD 1713–1780)
- House of Habsburg-Lorraine (AD 1740–1794)
House of Bourbon (AD 1700–1712)
- House of Bourbon-Parma (AD 1985–present)
  - House of Nassau-Weilburg (AD 1890–present)
    - House of Luxembourg-Nassau (AD 1890–present)
House of Wittelsbach (AD 1712–1713)
House of Orange-Nassau (AD 1815–1890)

Malta[edit]

Julio–Claudian dynasty (27 BC–AD 68) – Malta under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96) – Malta under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192) – Malta under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (AD 193–235) – Malta under Roman rule
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – Malta under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – Malta under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268) – Malta under Roman rule
Illyrian emperors (AD 268–284) – Malta under Roman rule
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285) – Malta under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (AD 305–363) – Malta under Roman rule
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–392) – Malta under Roman rule
Theodosian dynasty (AD 379–457) – Malta under Roman rule
House of Leo (AD 457–518) – Malta under Roman rule
Justinian dynasty (AD 535–602) – Malta under Byzantine rule
Heraclian dynasty (AD 610–711) – Malta under Byzantine rule
Isaurian dynasty (AD 717–802) – Malta under Byzantine rule
Nikephorian dynasty (AD 802–813) – Malta under Byzantine rule
Amorian dynasty (AD 820–867) – Malta under Byzantine rule
Macedonian dynasty (AD 867–870) – Malta under Byzantine rule
Aghlabid dynasty (AD 870–909)
Fatimid Caliphate (AD 909–1127)
Hauteville family (AD 1127–1198)
Hohenstaufen (AD 1194–1266)
House of Plantagenet (AD 1254–1263) – Ineffectual claim to the Sicilian throne
Capetian House of Anjou (AD 1266–1282)
House of Barcelona (AD 1282–1410)
House of Trastámara (AD 1412–1516)
House of Habsburg (AD 1516–1530)
House of Bonaparte (AD 1798–1800)
House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies (AD 1798–1801) – Gozitan Nation
House of Hanover (AD 1813–1901) – Malta under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Malta under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–1974) – Malta under British rule (AD 1917–1964) and Malta as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1964–1974)

Monaco[edit]

House of Grimaldi (Maison Grimaldi) (1297–present)

Montenegro[edit]

Julio–Claudian dynasty (27 BC–AD 68) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (AD 193–235) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Illyrian emperors (AD 268–284) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (AD 305–363) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–379) – Montenegro under Roman rule
Theodosian dynasty (AD 379–457) – Montenegro under Roman rule (AD 379–395) and Montenegro under Byzantine rule (AD 379–457)
House of Leo (AD 457–518) – Montenegro under Byzantine rule
Justinian dynasty (AD 518–600) – Montenegro under Byzantine rule
Vojislavljević dynasty (AD 1018–1043, AD 1050–1186)
Crnojević noble family (AD 1326–1362, AD 1431–1498)
Balšić noble family (AD 1356–1421)
Lazarević dynasty (AD 1421–1427)
Branković dynasty (AD 1427–1456)
Ottoman dynasty (AD 1498–1878, AD 1909–1912) – Sandžak under Ottoman rule
Petrović-Njegoš dynasty (Петровић-Његош) (AD 1696–1918) – Limited symbolic roles officially recognized since AD 2011
House of Habsburg-Lorraine (AD 1878–1909) – Sandžak under Austro-Hungarian rule
Karađorđević dynasty (AD 1918–1941) – Montenegro under Yugoslav rule
House of Savoy (AD 1941–1943) – Montenegro under Italian rule

Netherlands[edit]

House of Nassau (Huis Nassau) (AD 1544–present)
- House of Orange-Nassau (Huis Oranje-Nassau) (AD 1815–present)

Norway[edit]

Fairhair dynasty (Hårfagreætta) (AD 872–970, AD 995–1000)
- Saint Olaf dynasty (AD 1015–1028, AD 1035–1047)
- Hardrada dynasty (Hardrådeætta) (AD 1046–1135, AD 1161–1184)
  - Gille dynasty (AD 1130–1162, AD 1204–1217)
- House of Sverre (Sverreætten) (AD 1184–1204, AD 1217–1319)
House of Knýtlinga (AD 961–995, AD 1000–1015, AD 1028–1035) – Also called "House of Denmark" and "Jelling dynasty"
- House of Estridsen (AD 1380–1412)
House of Bjelbo (AD 1319–1387)
House of Griffins (AD 1389–1442)
House of Palatinate-Neumarkt (AD 1442–1448)
House of Bonde (AD 1449–1450)
House of Oldenburg (AD 1450–1814)
- House of Holstein-Gottorp (AD 1814–1818)
- House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (AD 1905–present)
House of Bernadotte (AD 1818–1905)

Poland[edit]

Piast Dynasty (9th century-1296 and 1306–1370)
Přemyslid Dynasty (1291–1306)
Capetian Dynasty, House of Anjou (1370–1399)
Jagiellonian Dynasty (1386–1572 and 1575–1586)
Valois Dynasty (1573–1574)
House of Báthory (1576–1586)
House of Vasa (1587–1668)
House of Wiśniowiecki (1669–1673)
House of Sobieski (1674–1696)
Wettin Dynasty (1697–1706, 1709–1733 and 1736–1764)
House of Leszczyński (1704–1709 and 1733–1736)
House of Poniatowski (1764–1795)

Portugal[edit]

County of Portugal[edit]

House of Vímara Peres (868–1071)
Portuguese House of Burgundy (1093–1139)

Kingdom of Portugal[edit]

Portuguese House of Burgundy or Afonsine Dynasty (1139–1383)
- House of Aviz or Joannine Dynasty (1385–1580)
  - Aviz (direct) (1385-1495)
  - Aviz-Beja (1495-1580)
  - Most Serene House of Braganza or Brigantine Dynasty (1640–1910)
    - Braganza (direct) (1640-1853)
    - Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1853-1910)
House of Habsburg or Philippine Dynasty (1581–1640)

Roman Empire[edit]

Julio–Claudian dynasty (27 BC–AD 68)
Flavian dynasty (AD 69–96)
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192)
Severan dynasty (AD 193–235)
Gordian dynasty (AD 238–244)
Decian dynasty (AD 249–253)
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–268)
Gallic Empire (AD 260–274) – Breakaway state during the Crisis of the Third Century
Illyrian emperors (AD 268–284)
House of Odaenathus (AD 270–273) – Ruled the Palmyrene Empire during the Crisis of the Third Century
Caran dynasty (AD 282–285)
Constantinian dynasty (AD 305–363) – Western Roman Empire and Byzantine Empire
Valentinian dynasty (AD 364–392) – Western Roman Empire (AD 364–392) and Byzantine Empire (AD 364–379)
Theodosian dynasty (AD 379–457) – Western Roman Empire (AD 392–455) and Byzantine Empire (AD 379–457)
Kingdom of Soissons (AD 457–486) – Rump state of the Western Roman Empire
House of Leo (AD 457–518) – Western Roman Empire (AD 474–480) and Byzantine Empire (AD 457–518)
Justinian dynasty (AD 518–602) – Byzantine Empire
Heraclian dynasty (AD 610–711) – Byzantine Empire
Isaurian dynasty (AD 717–802) – Byzantine Empire
Nikephorian dynasty (AD 802–813) – Byzantine Empire
Amorian dynasty (AD 820–867) – Byzantine Empire
Macedonian dynasty (AD 867–1056) – Byzantine Empire
Doukid dynasty (AD 1059–1081) – Byzantine Empire
Komnenos dynasty (AD 1081–1185) – Byzantine Empire
Angelos dynasty (AD 1185–1204) – Byzantine Empire
Laskarid dynasty (AD 1204–1261) – Empire of Nicaea (Exiled court of the Byzantine Empire)
Palaiologos dynasty (AD 1261–1453) – Byzantine Empire

Romania[edit]

Before the Unification[edit]

Moldavia[edit]

Wallachia[edit]

After the Unification[edit]

House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1866–1947)

Russia[edit]

Khazar Khaganate (Хазары) (AD 650–969)
Volga Bulgaria (Волжская Булгария) (AD 7th century–1242)
Rus' Khaganate (Русский каганат) (AD 8th century–9th century) – Hypothesized
Kyi dynasty (AD 842–882)
Rurik dynasty (Рю́риковичи) (AD 862–1598, AD 1605–1610)
- House of Shuysky (Шуйские) (AD 1606–1610)
Golden Horde (Золотая Орда) (AD 1242–1502) – Russia under Mongol rule
- Khanate of Kazan (Казанское ханство) (AD 1438–1552)
  - Qasim Khanate (Касимовское царство) (AD 1452–1681)
- Great Horde (Большая Орда) (AD 1466–1502)
- Astrakhan Khanate (Астраханское ханство) (AD 1466–1556)
Qasim dynasty (AD 1575–1576)
Godunov dynasty (Годуно́в) (AD 1598–1605)
House of Vasa (Васа) (AD 1610–1613)
House of Romanov (Рома́новы) (AD 1613–1762, AD 1796–1917, AD 1922)
- House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (Ветвь Гольштейн-Готторп-Романовская) (AD 1762, AD 1796–1917, AD 1922)
Kalmyk Khanate (Калмыцкое ханство) (AD 1630–1771)
House of Ascania (Аскании) (AD 1762–1796)

Scotland[edit]

Flavian dynasty (AD 71–96) – Scotland under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (AD 96–192) – Scotland under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (AD 193–211) – Scotland under Roman rule
Uí Ímair (AD 9th century–10th century) – Kingdom of the Isles
House of Alpin (AD 843–1034)
House of Dunkeld (AD 1034–1040, AD 1058–1286)
House of Moray (AD 1040–1058)
House of Sverre (AD 1286–1290)
House of Balliol (AD 1292–1296, AD 1332–1336)
Clan Bruce (AD 1306–1371)
House of Stuart (AD 1371–1651, AD 1660–1714)
House of Hanover (AD 1714–1901)
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917)
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present)

Serbia[edit]

Vlastimirović dynasty (610–960)
Vojislavljević dynasty (1034–1186)
Vukanović dynasty (1083–1166)
Nemanjić dynasty (1166–1371)
Lazarević dynasty (1371–1427)
Branković dynasty (1427–1502)
Karađorđević dynasty (1811–13, 1842–58 and 1903–41)
Obrenović dynasty (1815–42 and 1858–1903)

Spain[edit]

Umayyad dynasty (711–1031) – Umayyad Caliphate, Emirate of Córdoba and Caliphate of Córdoba
Abbadid dynasty (1023–1091) – Taifa of Seville

Before the Unification[edit]

Aragon[edit]

Jiménez Dynasty (1035–1162)
House of Barcelona (1162–1410)
House of Trastámara (1412–1516)

Asturias[edit]

Astur-Leonese dynasty (718–925)

Barcelona[edit]

House of Barcelona (878–1410)
House of Trastámara (1412–1516)

Castile[edit]

House of Lara (930–1032), counts
Jiménez Dynasty (1035–1126), kings
Anscarids (House of Ivrea) (1126–1369)
House of Trastámara (1369–1516)

León[edit]

Astur-Leonese dynasty (910–1037)
Jiménez Dynasty (1037–1126)
Anscarids (House of Ivrea) (1126–1369)
House of Trastámara (1369–1516)

Navarre[edit]

House of Íñiguez (824–905)
Jiménez Dynasty (905–1234)
House of Champagne (1234–1305)
House of Capet (1284–1349)
House of Évreux (1328–1441)
House of Trastámara (1425–1479)
House of Foix (1479–1516)
House of Albret (1483–1572)
House of Bourbon (1572–1620)

After the Unification (1516)[edit]

House of Habsburg (1516–1700)
House of Bourbon (1700–1808, 1813–1868, 1874–1931, and 1975 to the present)
House of Bonaparte (1808–1813)
House of Savoy (1870–1873)

Sweden[edit]

House of Munsö (c. AD 970–1060)
House of Stenkil (AD 1060–1126)
House of Estridsen (AD 1126–1132, AD 1160–1161, AD 1389–1412)
House of Sverker (AD 1130–1156, AD 1161–1167, AD 1196–1208, AD 1216–1222)
House of Eric (Erikska ätten) (AD 1156–1160, AD 1167–1196, AD 1208–1216, AD 1222–1250)
House of Bjelbo (Bjälboätten) (AD 1250–1364)
House of Mecklenburg (AD 1364–1389)
House of Griffins (AD 1396–1439)
House of Wittelsbach (Huset Wittelsbach) (AD 1441–1448, AD 1654–1720)
- House of Palatinate-Neumarkt (AD 1441–1448)
- House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken (AD 1654–1720)
House of Bonde (AD 1448–1457, AD 1464–1465, AD 1467–1470)
House of Oldenburg (AD 1457–1464, AD 1497–1501, AD 1520–1521)
- House of Holstein-Gottorp (AD 1751–1818)
House of Vasa (AD 1523–1654)
House of Hesse (AD 1720–1751)
House of Bernadotte (AD 1818–present)

Ukraine[edit]

Dulo clan (Дуло) (AD 632–668) – Old Great Bulgaria (Стара Велика Болгарія)
Khazar Khaganate (Хозари) (c. AD 650–969)
Rus' Khaganate (Руський Каганат) (AD 8th century–9th century) – Hypothesized
Pecheneg Khanates (Печеніги) (AD 860–1091)
Rurik dynasty (Рюриковичі) (AD 890–1323) – Kievan Rus' (Київська Русь) and Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia (Галицько-Волинське князівство)
Golden Horde (Золота Орда) (AD 1242–1502) – Ukraine under Mongol rule
Piast dynasty (П'ясти) (AD 1323–1340) – Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
Gediminid dynasty (Гедиміновичі) (AD 1340–1349) – Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
Giray dynasty (Ґіреї) (AD 1427–1783) – Crimean Khanate
Jagiellonian dynasty (Ягеллони) (AD 1569–1572, AD 1575–1586) – Ukraine under Polish rule
House of Valois (Валуа) (AD 1574–1575) – Ukraine under Polish rule
Báthory family (Баторії) (AD 1575–1586) – Ukraine under Polish rule
House of Vasa (Ваза) (AD 1587–1668) – Ukraine under Polish rule
Khmelnytsky (AD 1648–1663, AD 1678–1681)
Wiśniowiecki (Вишневецькі) (AD 1669–1673) – Ukraine under Polish rule
House of Sobieski (Собеські) (AD 1674–1696) – Ukraine under Polish rule
House of Wettin (Веттіни) (AD 1697–1706, AD 1709–1733, AD 1734–1763) – Ukraine under Polish rule
Leszczyński (Лещинський) (AD 1705–1709, AD 1733–1736) – Ukraine under Polish rule
Skoropadsky family (Скоропадські) (AD 1708–1722, AD 1918)
Poniatowski (Понятовські) (AD 1764–1795) – Ukraine under Polish rule
House of Habsburg (Габсбурги) (AD 1772–1780) – Galicia under Austrian rule
- House of Habsburg-Lorraine (Габсбурги-Лотаринзькі) (AD 1780–1918)
House of Ascania (Асканії) (AD 1772–1796) – Ukraine under Russian rule
House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (Гольштейн-Готторп-Романовы) (AD 1796–1917) – Ukraine under Russian rule

Wales[edit]

Julio–Claudian dynasty (43–68 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
Flavian dynasty (69–96 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
Nerva–Antonine dynasty (96–192 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
Severan dynasty (193–235 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
Gordian dynasty (238–244 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
Decian dynasty (249–253 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
Valerian dynasty (AD 253–260) – Wales under Roman rule
Gallic Empire (260–274 AD) – Breakaway state during the Crisis of the Third Century
Illyrian emperors (AD 274–284) – Wales under Roman rule
Caran dynasty (282–285 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
Constantinian dynasty (305–363 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
Valentinian dynasty (364–392 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
Theodosian dynasty (392–410 AD) – Wales under Roman rule
House of Manaw ('Men of the North', Rhodri the Great)
- House of Aberffraw of Gwynedd and Wales, c. 878 – 1282, Conquered by Edward I of England 1282, Annexed into England with Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542
- House of Dinefwr of Deheubarth, c. 878 – 1216, mediatized into Gwynedd and Wales under Llywelyn I
  - House of Mathrafal of Powys
House of Morgannwg
House of Tudor (1535–1603 AD)
House of Stuart (1603–1649, 1660–1714 AD)
House of Hanover (1714–1901 AD)
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1901–1917 AD)
- House of Windsor (1917–present)

North America[edit]

Powhatan Chiefdom (?-1646)
Sachem (?-1676)
Iroquois Confederacy (1142–present)
Hunkpapa Seven council fires (?-1872)

Alaska[edit]

House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (AD 1799–1867) – Alaska administered as part of Russian America of the Russian Empire

Antigua and Barbuda[edit]

House of Stuart (AD 1632–1649, AD 1660–1714) – Antigua and Barbuda under English rule (AD 1632–1649, AD 1660–1707) and Antigua and Barbuda under British rule (AD 1707–1714)
House of Hanover (AD 1714–1901) – Antigua and Barbuda under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Antigua and Barbuda under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Antigua and Barbuda under British rule (AD 1917–1981) and Antigua and Barbuda as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1981–present)

The Bahamas[edit]

House of Hanover (AD 1718–1782, AD 1783–1901) – The Bahamas under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – The Bahamas under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – The Bahamas under British rule (AD 1917–1973) and the Bahamas as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1973–present)

Barbados[edit]

House of Stuart (AD 1625–1649, AD 1660–1714) – Barbados under English rule (AD 1625–1649, AD 1660–1707) and Barbados under British rule (AD 1707–1714)
House of Hanover (AD 1714–1901) – Barbados under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Barbados under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Barbados under British rule (AD 1917–1966) and Barbados as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1966–present)

Belize[edit]

House of Hanover (AD 1862–1901) – Belize under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Belize under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Belize under British rule (AD 1917–1981) and Belize as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1981–present)

Bermuda[edit]

House of Stuart (AD 1609–1649, AD 1660–1714) – Bermuda under English rule (AD 1609–1649, AD 1660–1707) and Bermuda under British rule (AD 1707–1714)
House of Hanover (AD 1714–1901) – Bermuda under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Bermuda under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Bermuda under British rule

Canada[edit]

Capetian dynasty (AD 1534–1763) – Canada under French rule
- House of Valois-Angoulême (AD 1534–1589)
- House of Bourbon-Vendôme (AD 1589–1763)
House of Hanover (AD 1763–1901) – Canada under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Canada under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Canada under British rule (AD 1917–1931) and Canada as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1931–present)

Cuba[edit]

House of Trastámara (Casa de Trastámara) (AD 1511–1516) – Cuba under Spanish rule
House of Habsburg (Casa de Habsburgo) (AD 1516–1700) – Cuba under Spanish rule
House of Bourbon-Anjou (Casa de Borbón-Anjou) (AD 1700–1808, AD 1813–1868, AD 1874–1898) – Cuba under Spanish rule
House of Bonaparte (Casa de Bonaparte) (AD 1808–1813) – Cuba under Spanish rule
House of Savoy (Casa de Saboya) (AD 1870–1873) – Cuba under Spanish rule

El Salvador[edit]

Cuzcatlan (1054–1528)

Greenland[edit]

House of Sverre (AD 1261–1319) – Greenland under Norwegian rule
House of Bjelbo (AD 1319–1387) – Greenland under Norwegian rule
House of Estridsen (AD 1387–1412) – Greenland under Norwegian rule
House of Griffins (AD 1412–1442) – Greenland under Norwegian rule
House of Palatinate-Neumarkt (AD 1442–1448) – Greenland under Norwegian rule
House of Bonde (AD 1449–1450) – Greenland under Norwegian rule
House of Oldenburg (AD 1450–1863) – Greenland under Norwegian rule (AD 1450–1814) and Greenland under Danish rule (AD 1814–1863)
- House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (AD 1863–present) – Greenland under Danish rule

Grenada[edit]

House of Bourbon-Vendôme (AD 1649–1763) – Grenada under French rule
House of Hanover (AD 1763–1901) – Grenada under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Grenada under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Grenada under British rule (AD 1917–1974) and Grenada as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1974–present)

Haiti[edit]

Cacique Taino Nation Caribbean islands (?-1510)
Dessalines Dynasty (1804–1806)
Christophe Dynasty (1811–1820)
Soulouque Dynasty (1849–1859)

Jamaica[edit]

House of Trastámara (AD 1509–1516) – Jamaica under Spanish rule
House of Habsburg (AD 1516–1655) – Jamaica under Spanish rule
House of Stuart (AD 1655–1714) – Jamaica under English rule (AD 1655–1707) and Jamaica under British rule (AD 1707–1714)
House of Hanover (AD 1714–1901) – Jamaica under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Jamaica under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Jamaica under British rule (AD 1917–1962) and Jamaica as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1962–present)

Maya[edit]

Chan Santa Cruz Maya free State of Quintana Roo, Mexico (1850–1893)
Itza Elite Yucatan, Mexico (600–1697)
Kan Ek' Nojpetén Itza kingship, Guatemala (700–1697)
K'iche' Kingdom of Q'umarkaj, Guatemala (1225–1524)
Palenque B'aak dynasty Chiapas, Mexico(967 BCE – 799 CE)
Siyaj K'ak' dynasties Mexico, Guatemala and Honduras (378–869)

Mexico[edit]

Pre-Columbian Americas
- Tlatoani Toltec Empire (674-1150)
- Cazonci Tarascan Empire (1300-1530)
- Tlatoani Tlaxcallan Confederacy (1348-1520)
- Huetlatoani Aztec Kingdom (1376–1565)
Post Colonization of the Americas
- House of Iturbide (1822–1823)
- House of Habsburg-Lorraine (1864–1867)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[edit]

House of Bourbon-Vendôme (AD 1719–1763, AD 1779–1783) – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines under French rule
House of Hanover (AD 1763–1779, AD 1783–1901) – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Saint Vincent and the Grenadines under British rule (AD 1917–1979) and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1979–present)

Conterminous United States[edit]

Capetian dynasty (AD 1534–1808, AD 1813–1821)
- House of Valois-Angoulême (AD 1534–1589) – French possessions in America
- House of Bourbon (AD 1589–1808, AD 1813–1821)
  - House of Bourbon-Vendôme (AD 1589–1763) – French possessions in America
  - House of Bourbon-Anjou (AD 1700–1808, AD 1813–1821) – Spanish possessions in America
House of Habsburg (AD 1535–1700) – Spanish possessions in America
House of Stuart (AD 1607–1649, AD 1660–1714) – English possessions in America (AD 1607–1649, AD 1660–1707) and British possessions in America (AD 1707–1714)
House of Nassau (AD 1614–1667, AD 1673–1674) – Dutch possessions in America
House of Vasa (AD 1638–1654) – Swedish possessions in America
House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken (AD 1654–1655) – Swedish possessions in America
House of Hanover (AD 1714–1783, AD 1813–1821) – British possessions in America
House of Bonaparte (AD 1808–1813) – Spanish possessions in America
House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (AD 1812–1841) – Russian possessions in America
House of Iturbide (AD 1821–1823) – Mexican possessions in America

South America[edit]

Argentina[edit]

House of Habsburg (Casa de Habsburgo) (AD 1534–1700) – Argentina under Spanish rule
House of Bourbon-Anjou (Casa de Borbón-Anjou) (AD 1700–1808, AD 1813–1816) – Argentina under Spanish rule
House of Bonaparte (Casa de Bonaparte) (AD 1808–1813) – Argentina under Spanish rule

Brazil[edit]

House of Aviz (Dinastia de Avis) (AD 1500–1580) – Brazil under Portuguese rule
- House of Aviz-Beja (AD 1500–1580)
- Most Serene House of Braganza (Sereníssima Casa de Bragança) (AD 1640–1910) – Brazil under Portuguese rule (AD 1640–1815), Brazil within the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (Reino Unido de Portugal, Brasil e Algarves) (AD 1815–1822), and Empire of Brazil (Império do Brasil) (AD 1822–1889)
  - House of Orléans-Braganza (Casa de Orléans e Bragança) – Claimants to the Brazilian throne since AD 1921
Philippine dynasty (Dinastia filipina) (AD 1580–1640) – Brazil under Portuguese rule

Chile[edit]

Tounes dynasty, kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia with the chiefdoms of Mapuche Nation (1860–1862)

Peru[edit]

Hurin dynasty (1197 – c. 1350), ruling dynasty of earlier Kingdom of Cusco
Haran dynasty (c. 1350–1572), ruling dynasty of later Kingdom of Cusco, Inca Empire and Neo-Inca State

Oceania[edit]

Australia[edit]

House of Hanover (AD 1788–1901) – Australia under British rule
House of Windsor (AD 1942–present) – Australia as a Commonwealth realm

Cook Islands[edit]

House of Hanover (AD 1900–1901) – Cook Islands under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Cook Islands under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Cook Islands under British rule (AD 1917–1947), Cook Islands under New Zealand rule (AD 1947–1965), and Cook Islands within the Realm of New Zealand (AD 1965–present)

Fiji[edit]

Kingdom of Fiji (AD 1871–1874)
House of Hanover (AD 1874–1901) – Fiji under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Fiji under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–1987) – Fiji under British rule (AD 1917–1970) and Fiji as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1970–1987)

Hawaii[edit]

Pili line (Hale o Pili) (?–AD 1695)
House of Keawe (Hale o Keawe) (AD 1695–?)
- House of Keōua Nui (Hale o Keōua Nui)
  - House of Kamehameha (Hale o Kamehameha) (c. AD 1795–1872)
  - House of Laʻanui (Hale o Laʻanui) – Descendants of the Hawaiian throne
- House of Kalākaua (c. AD 1874–1893)
  - House of Kawānanakoa – Descendants of the Hawaiian throne
House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov (AD 1814–1817) – Russian Fort Elizabeth
House of Hanover (AD 1843) – Hawaii under British occupation

Micronesia[edit]

Saudeleur dynasty (c. AD 1100–1628)

New Zealand[edit]

House of Hanover (AD 1840–1901) – New Zealand under British rule
Te Wherowhero dynasty – Māori King Movement since AD 1858 (Non-sovereign)
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – New Zealand under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – New Zealand under British rule (AD 1917–1947) and New Zealand as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1947–present)

Papua New Guinea[edit]

House of Hohenzollern (AD 1884–1919) – New Guinea under German rule
House of Hanover (AD 1888–1901) – Papua New Guinea under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1902) – Papua New Guinea under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1945–present) – Papua New Guinea under Australian rule (AD 1945–1975) and Papua New Guinea as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1975–present)

Solomon Islands[edit]

House of Hanover (AD 1893–1901) – Solomon Islands under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Solomon Islands under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–1942, AD 1942–present) – Solomon Islands under British rule (AD 1917–1942, AD 1942–1978) and Solomon Islands as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1978–present)

Tahiti[edit]

Pōmare dynasty (AD 1788–1808, AD 1815–1880)

Tonga[edit]

Tuʻi Tonga (c. AD 900–1865)
Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua (c. AD 1470–1797)
Tupou dynasty (AD 1845–present)

Tuvalu[edit]

House of Hanover (AD 1892–1901) – Tuvalu under British rule
House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1901–1917) – Tuvalu under British rule
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – Tuvalu under British rule (AD 1917–1978) and Tuvalu as a Commonwealth realm (AD 1978–present)

Antarctica[edit]

House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (AD 1908–1917) – British Antarctic Territory (Claimed by UK; Limited international recognition)
- House of Windsor (AD 1917–present) – British Antarctic Territory (Claimed by UK; Limited international recognition), Ross Dependency (Claimed by New Zealand; Limited international recognition), and Australian Antarctic Territory (Claimed by Australia; Limited international recognition)
House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (AD 1929–present) – Peter I Island and Queen Maud Land (Claimed by Norway; Limited international recognition)

List of dynasties currently in power[edit]

As of 2019, there are 44 sovereign states with a monarch as head of state, of which 42 are ruled by dynasties.

Dynasty	Realm	Reigning monarch	Dynastic founder
House of Windsor^[a]	Antigua and Barbuda	Queen Elizabeth II	King-Emperor George V
	Commonwealth of Australia
	Commonwealth of the Bahamas
	Barbados
	Belize
	Canada
	Grenada
	Jamaica
	New Zealand^[b]
	Independent State of Papua New Guinea
	Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis
	Saint Lucia
	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
	Solomon Islands
	Tuvalu
	United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland^[c]
House of Khalifa	Kingdom of Bahrain	King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa	Sheikh Khalifa bin Mohammed
House of Belgium^[d]	Kingdom of Belgium	King Philippe	King Albert I
House of Wangchuck	Kingdom of Bhutan	Druk Gyalpo Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck	Druk Gyalpo Ugyen Wangchuck
House of Bolkiah	Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace	Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah	Sultan Muhammad Shah
House of Norodom^[e]	Kingdom of Cambodia	King Norodom Sihamoni	King Norodom
House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg^[f]	Kingdom of Denmark	Queen Margrethe II	Duke Friedrich Wilhelm
House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg^[f]	Kingdom of Norway	King Harald V	Duke Friedrich Wilhelm
House of Dlamini	Kingdom of Eswatini	King Mswati III	Chief Dlamini I
Imperial House of Japan^[g]	Japan	Emperor Naruhito	Emperor Jimmu
House of Hashim	Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan	King Abdullah II	King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi
House of Al Sabah	State of Kuwait	Emir Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah	Sheikh Sabah I bin Jaber
House of Moshesh	Kingdom of Lesotho	King Letsie III	King Moshoeshoe I
House of Liechtenstein	Principality of Liechtenstein	Prince Hans-Adam II	Prince Karl I
House of Luxembourg-Nassau^[h]	Grand Duchy of Luxembourg	Grand Duke Henri	Grand Duke Adolphe
Bendahara dynasty	Malaysia	Yang di-Pertuan Agong Abdullah	Bendahara Tun Habib Abdul Majid
House of Grimaldi	Principality of Monaco	Prince Albert II	François Grimaldi
Alaouite dynasty	Kingdom of Morocco	King Mohammed VI	Sultan Abul Amlak Sidi Muhammad as-Sharif ibn 'Ali
House of Orange-Nassau^[i]	Kingdom of the Netherlands	King Willem-Alexander	Prince William I
House of Al Said	Sultanate of Oman	Sultan Haitham bin Tariq Al Said	Sultan Ahmad bin Said al-Busaidi
House of Al Thani	State of Qatar	Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani	Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed
House of Saud	Kingdom of Saudi Arabia	King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud	Emir Saud I
House of Bourbon-Anjou^[j]	Kingdom of Spain	King Felipe VI	King Philip V
House of Bernadotte	Kingdom of Sweden	King Carl XVI Gustaf	King Charles XIV John
Chakri dynasty	Kingdom of Thailand	King Vajiralongkorn	King Rama I
Tupou dynasty	Kingdom of Tonga	King Tupou VI	King George Tupou I
Al Nahyan family	United Arab Emirates	President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan	Sheikh Dhiyab bin Isa Al Nahyan

Political dynasties in republics and constitutional monarchies[edit]

Though in elected governments, rule does not pass automatically by inheritance, political power often accrues to generations of related individuals in the elected positions of republics, and constitutional monarchies. Eminence, influence, tradition, genetics, and nepotism may contribute to the phenomenon.

Family dictatorships are a different concept in which political power passes within a family because of the overwhelming authority of the leader, rather than informal power accrued to the family.

Some political dynasties in republics:

Family of Ziaur Rahman of Bangladesh
Family of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman of Bangladesh
Family of Aung San of Myanmar (Burma)
House of Medici of Florence
Nehru–Gandhi family of India
Jinnah family of Pakistan and India
Bhutto family of Pakistan
Sharif family of Pakistan
Chiang family of the Republic of China
Family of Sukarno of Indonesia
Koirala family of Nepal
Somoza family of Nicaragua
Lee family of Singapore
Family of Solomon West Ridgeway Dias Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka (Ceylon)
Family of John Churchill of the United Kingdom
Trudeau family of Canada
Adams family of the United States
Bush family of the United States
Clinton family of the United States
Cuomo family of the United States
Harrison family of Virginia of the United States
Kennedy family of the United States
Lee family of the United States
Long family of the United States
Roosevelt family of the United States
Taft family of the United States
Udall family of the United States

Influential and wealthy families[edit]

The Agnelli family (Italy)
The Ambani family (India)
The Anheuser family (United States)
The Arison family (United States)
The Asper family (Canada)
The Astor family (United States and United Kingdom)
The Bamford family (United Kingdom)
The Bacardi family (Cuba and United States)
The Bancroft family (United States)
The Baring family (United Kingdom)
The Bazalgette family (United Kingdom)
The Berenberg-Gossler-Seyler family (Germany)
The Botín family (Spain)
The Bonnier family (Sweden)
The Bronfman family (Canada)
The Bulgari family (Italy)
The Burke family (Ireland and United Kingdom)
The Busch family (United States)
The Cabot family (United States)
The Cadbury family (United Kingdom)
The Carnegie family (United States)
The Cholmondeley family (United Kingdom)
The Churchill family (United Kingdom)
The Cojuangco family (Philippines)
The Conran family (United Kingdom)
The Curzon family (United Kingdom)
The Darwin–Wedgwood family (United Kingdom)
The Category:Desmarais family (Canada)
The Disney family (United States)
The Du Pont family (United States)
The Egerton family (United Kingdom)
The Fabergé family (Russia and United Kingdom)
The Fleming family (United Kingdom)
The Florio family (Italy)
The Forbes family (United States)
The Forbes family (publishers) (United States)
The Ford family (United States)
The Forte family (United Kingdom)
The Freud family (Austria and United Kingdom)
The Fugger family (Germany)
The Getty family (United States)
The Goldsmith family (Sweden and United Kingdom)
The Gooderham family (Canada)
The Gough-Calthorpe family (United Kingdom)
The Grosvenor family (United Kingdom)
The Guggenheim family (United States)
The Guinness family (Ireland)
The Gyllenhaal family (Sweden and United States)
The Hearst family (United States)
The Heinz Family (United States)
The Hilton family (United States)
The Howard family (United Kingdom)
The Irving family (Canada)
The Kennedy family (United States)
The Keswick family (East Asia and United Kingdom)
The Kim family (North Korea)
The Krupp family (Germany)
The Lee family (United States)
The Lehman family (United States)
The Li family (China)
The Livingston family (United States)
The Louis-Dreyfus family (France and United States)
The Mason family (United States)
The McCormick family (United States)
The Medici family (Italy)
The Mellon family (United States)
The Mendelssohn family (Europe)
The Merck family (Germany and United States)
The Mirvish family (Canada)
The Mittal family (United Kingdom and India)
The Molson family (Canada)
The Montefiore family (Morocco, Italy and United Kingdom)
The Morgan family (United States)
The Murdoch family (Australia and United States)
The Newhouse family (United States)
The Oppenheimer family (South Africa)
The Packer Family (Australia)
The Pattison family (Canada)
The Peugeot family (France)
The Porsche family (Austria)
The Premji family (India)
The Pritzker family (United States)
The Rausing family (Sweden and United Kingdom)
The Redpath family (Canada)
The Roosevelt family (United States)
The Rothschild family (France and United Kingdom)
The Rockefeller family (United States)
The Rupert family (South Africa)
The Sackler family (United States)
The Sainsbury family (United Kingdom)
The Sassoon family (Iraq, India, China and United Kingdom)
The Sawiris family (Egypt)
The Schröder family (United Kingdom)
The Shinawatra family (Thailand)
The Spencer family (United Kingdom)
The Stroganov family (Russia and Eastern Europe)
The Sulzberger family (United States)
The Swire family (East Asia and United Kingdom)
The Taft family (United States)
The Taittinger family (France)
The Tata family (India)
The Thomson family (Canada)
The Thyssen family (Germany)
The Tjin-A-Djie family (Suriname)
The Tolstoy family (Russia and United Kingdom)
The Toyoda family (Japan)
The Trump family (United States)
The Vanderbilt family (United States)
The Villiers family (United Kingdom)
The Wallenberg family (Sweden)
The Walton family (United States)
The Warburg family (United States)
The Welser family (Germany)
The Weston family (Canada)
The Whitney family (United States)
The Wittgenstein family (Austria)
The Zobel de Ayala family (Philippines)

Notes[edit]

^ The House of Windsor is descended from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which is a branch of the House of Wettin. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Windsor" in AD 1917.
^ The Realm of New Zealand consists of all areas in which the Queen of New Zealand functions as the head of state. The realm includes New Zealand, Tokelau, the Ross Dependency, the Cook Islands and Niue.
^ The Monarchy of the United Kingdom is the constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Crown dependencies of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Bailiwick of Jersey and the Isle of Man, as well as 14 British Overseas Territories.
^ The House of Belgium is descended from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which is a branch of the House of Wettin. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Belgium" in AD 1920.
^ The House of Norodom is a branch of the Varman dynasty.
^ The House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg is a branch of the House of Oldenburg.
^ The Imperial House of Japan, or the Yamato dynasty, is the world's oldest continuous dynasty.
^ The House of Luxembourg-Nassau is descended from the House of Nassau-Weilburg, which is a branch of the House of Nassau and the House of Bourbon-Parma.
^ The House of Orange-Nassau is a branch of the House of Nassau. Additionally, King Willem-Alexander is also linked to the House of Lippe through Beatrix of the Netherlands.
^ The House of Bourbon-Anjou is a branch of the House of Bourbon.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b Oxford English Dictionary, 1st ed. "dynasty, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1897.
^ Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd ed. "house, n.¹ and int, 10. b." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2011.
^ Thomson, David (1961). "The Institutions of Monarchy". Europe Since Napoleon. New York: Knopf. pp. 79–80. The basic idea of monarchy was the idea that hereditary right gave the best title to political power...The dangers of disputed succession were best avoided by hereditary succession: ruling families had a natural interest in passing on to their descendants enhanced power and prestige...Frederick the Great of Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, Maria Theresa of Austria, were alike infatuated with the idea of strengthening their power, centralizing government in their own hands as against local and feudal privileges, and so acquiring more absolute authority in the state. Moreover, the very dynastic rivalries and conflicts between these eighteenth-century monarchs drove them to look for ever more efficient methods of government
^ Liddell, Henry George & al. A Greek–English Lexicon: "δυναστεία". Hosted by Tufts University's Perseus Project.
^ Liddell & al. A Greek–English Lexicon: "δυνάστης".
^ Liddell & al. A Greek–English Lexicon: "δύναμις".
^ Liddell & al. "δύναμαι".
^ ^a ^b Statement by Nick Clegg MP, UK parliament website, 26 March 2015 (retrieved on same date).
^ "Monaco royal taken seriously ill". BBC News. London. 8 April 2005. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
^ including County of Flanders, Marquisate of Namur, Duchy of Brabant, County of Hainaut, Duchy of Limburg, County of Luxembourg

[Windsor-11] The House of Windsor is descended from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which is a branch of the House of Wettin. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Windsor" in AD 1917.

[RealmOfNewZealand-12] The Realm of New Zealand consists of all areas in which the Queen of New Zealand functions as the head of state. The realm includes New Zealand, Tokelau, the Ross Dependency, the Cook Islands and Niue.

[UnitedKingdom-13] The Monarchy of the United Kingdom is the constitutional monarchy of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Crown dependencies of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Bailiwick of Jersey and the Isle of Man, as well as 14 British Overseas Territories.

[Belgium-14] The House of Belgium is descended from the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, which is a branch of the House of Wettin. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Belgium" in AD 1920.

[Norodom-15] The House of Norodom is a branch of the Varman dynasty.

[Glücksburg-16] The House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg is a branch of the House of Oldenburg.

[Yamato-17] The Imperial House of Japan, or the Yamato dynasty, is the world's oldest continuous dynasty.

[Luxembourg-Nassau-18] The House of Luxembourg-Nassau is descended from the House of Nassau-Weilburg, which is a branch of the House of Nassau and the House of Bourbon-Parma.

[Orange-Nassau-19] The House of Orange-Nassau is a branch of the House of Nassau. Additionally, King Willem-Alexander is also linked to the House of Lippe through Beatrix of the Netherlands.

[Bourbon-Anjou-20] The House of Bourbon-Anjou is a branch of the House of Bourbon.

[OED-1] Oxford English Dictionary, 1st ed. "dynasty, n." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1897.

[OED2-2] Oxford English Dictionary, 3rd ed. "house, n.¹ and int, 10. b." Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2011.

[3] Thomson, David (1961). "The Institutions of Monarchy". Europe Since Napoleon. New York: Knopf. pp. 79–80. The basic idea of monarchy was the idea that hereditary right gave the best title to political power...The dangers of disputed succession were best avoided by hereditary succession: ruling families had a natural interest in passing on to their descendants enhanced power and prestige...Frederick the Great of Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, Maria Theresa of Austria, were alike infatuated with the idea of strengthening their power, centralizing government in their own hands as against local and feudal privileges, and so acquiring more absolute authority in the state. Moreover, the very dynastic rivalries and conflicts between these eighteenth-century monarchs drove them to look for ever more efficient methods of government

[4] Liddell, Henry George & al. A Greek–English Lexicon: "δυναστεία". Hosted by Tufts University's Perseus Project.

[5] Liddell & al. A Greek–English Lexicon: "δυνάστης".

[6] Liddell & al. A Greek–English Lexicon: "δύναμις".

[7] Liddell & al. "δύναμαι".

[inforce-8] Statement by Nick Clegg MP, UK parliament website, 26 March 2015 (retrieved on same date).

[bbc-9] "Monaco royal taken seriously ill". BBC News. London. 8 April 2005. Retrieved 27 January 2013.

[10] uding County of Flanders, Marquisate of Namur, Duchy of Brabant, County of Hainaut, Duchy of Limburg, County of Luxembourg

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