Posts about Persians
There was a thread here recently comparing Éowyn with a woman warrior from the Persian national epic, the Shahnameh. I can't find it now; it may have been taken down, for reasons I can guess but won't go into. But at any rate, the post reminded me of an interesting sidelight found in HoME VIII, which suggests that Tolkien's horizons may have extended further into the cultures of Asia than we used to think.
The Shanameh was written, in 60,000 couplets, around the turn of the first millenium AD by the poet Ferdowsi. I have not read any of it; I am relying on the Wikipedia article at this link:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shahnameh
Around 1850. the English poet and critic Matthew Arnold wrote a 900-line narrative poem called Sohrab and Rustum, based on one of the story lines from the Persian epic. Rustum is a warrior and Sohrab his warrior son, who has been hidden from him; the father kills the son in battle. Arnold's poem was widely read (though never by me).
So where is the Tolkien connection? Well, in TT Faramir quotes Gandalf, after listing his various names, saying “to the East I go not.” But in the manuscript he said he was “Shorab or Shoreb in the East” – though he immediately struck it out. The quote is on page 153.
It is hard to believe that this ephemeral name wasn't suggested by Arnold's poem, at least. I know of no indication that Tolkien ever tried to teach himself Persian, though as an Indo-European language of great antiquity it would have been of interest to him. And the name doesn't seem applicable to a wandering wizard. Nevertheless the hint seems worth looking into. For example, what does “Sohrab” mean in Persian? I gather from the Internet that it is a fairly common personal name.
[Well, I certainly learned a lot from he responses to this. Thinking this over, it seems unlikely that the name has a lot of significance. Most probably, Tolkien, looking for a name associated with Asia, picked Shorab/Shorob out of the air based on recollections of the Arnold poem -- which he would certainly have heard of whether he had read it or not. The name was ephemeral even as HoME goes, since he decided by the time he finished writing the sentence that Gandalf never went east at all, as in the text. Thanks again for everybody's contributions.]