A lot to unpack here, but I think per this:
What do you guys think I should do?
You should consider just quitting. It's a pretty good time to be in the market for a job since you have about 6-7 weeks before next semester starts.
To break it down bit by bit: I'd start by saying a lot of what you're describing is similar, at least in vibe, to things I've experienced or heard about in Taiwan. That being said, I'm also seeing some things that, to me, don't totally make sense. At least your boss seems pretty chill and on your side? In these kinds of issues, often it trickles from the top when you're at a large cram school and the person managing you can be incredibly difficult.
If in fact the other English teachers "have it out for you" there has to be a reason (note, that reason doesn't specifically have to be something you did). Like, let's say for example, that he is telling some version of the truth and people are complaining/observing what they perceive to be creepy behavior. I myself am guilty of touching an arm or shoulder in a conversation - which is innocent but it has been perceived as an unwanted advance, and I have to be mindful of that that when talking to women in the workplace. It's not something that happened more than once, but it only takes one person. So do try and be diligent about not only physical touch, but how you carry yourself, and yes, even where you're looking (as a man working in education, it's a good habit believe me).
I'm not saying I don't believe you, I just don't believe I have the whole story. Maybe what I'm missing is because you don't even realize why the foreign staff have this animosity towards you. Because I have experienced something closer to this with the local teachers, because that dynamic is much more complex in terms of pay, power, responsibility, respect, etc. For example, one the Taiwanese staff was cleaning the floors, something you're not expected to do, but she probably isn't thrilled about doing janitorial work herself. Add in that you stopped and waited (and as you described it, politely, but also you did just stand there silently waiting for her to clean the floor) and I can see how this was something that irritated her, or seemed odd if this Australian guy saw it.
If the money is good here, and management is on your side (if there is a reason people are ganging up on you, it's possible your boss already knows why and has decided to side with you but is just keeping a lid on it) maybe you can push through this. I've had conflicts with other TEFL teachers before. It doesn't feel good, but I also don't really work with any of them - a strained relationship with the Taiwanese staff/teachers is a lot trickier to navigate. My first teaching job was like this, and it was my first job so I was a far cry from good at my job, but having a co-teacher who immediately created tension and conflict made it so much worse. But as I said, that dynamic is inherently more complex add into it the potential language barrier and these kinds of communication breakdowns happen.
If you truly have no idea what you might have done to precipitate all this antagonism from the other English teachers, I'd say find the one who you find the least antagonistic and/or the most willing to tell you the hard truth about what is causing this.