Dynamic Performance and Testing of Grandstands
Structures at sports grounds may also need to resist dynamic loading. Permanent structures particularly sensitive to dynamic loading include those with long spanning or cantilevered seating decks.
Dynamic load effects may be caused by:
- excitation by wind
- excitation by the activities of spectators, which if rhythmic in nature can be severe
Guidance by the Institution of Structural Engineers provides advice on dynamic performance and testing of grandstands.
The principal advice concerns the recommended vertical natural frequencies and horizontal load resistance of grandstands considered necessary to provide the safety and comfort of the public at a range of sporting and other entertainment events.
Dynamic performance requirements for permanent grandstands subject to crowd action (PDF)