Highlights

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    Various examples of a branch of early birds that evolved 130 million years ago, called enantiornithines: male Feitianius (6); female Feitianius (5); Orienantius (4); center Sulcavis (7); Avimaia (1); Falcatakely (3); and Longipteryx (2).
    CreditMichael Rothman
    Origins

    How Did Birds First Take Off?

    It took 150 million years for feathered dinosaurs to master flight and become the birds we see overhead today.

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Trilobites

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    CreditEric Ramos and Marcelo Magnasco

    Is This Octopus Having a Nightmare?

    In a study that has yet to be peer-reviewed, scientists documented behavior in a captive cephalopod that they say looks very similar to a bad dream.

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    CreditunoL/Getty

    Ultrasound Pulses to Brain Send Mice Into a Hibernation-Like State

    Experiments offer an intriguing hint at technology that could induce torpor in humans in the future.

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    While scanning spiny mice of the Acomys family, scientists discovered bony plates similar to armadillo armor lining their tails beneath their skin.
    CreditFlorida Museum of Natural History

    Quite a Tail: A Mouse Has Been Hiding Its Armor All This Time

    Researchers just discovered that the spiny mouse was concealing bony plates beneath the skin over its tail.

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    Other methods of scanning Medieval books faced limitations so researchers decided to try CT scanning to see what fragments they concealed within their bindings.
    CreditEric Ensley

    A Hospital Visit Reveals Medieval Secrets Hidden in Books

    Using CT scanning on 16th-century books, researchers uncovered bits of parchment salvaged from handwritten manuscripts.

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    Saber-toothed gorgonopsians came and went in southern Africa during the extinction that ended the Permian Period.
    CreditMatt Celeskey

    A Saber-Toothed Predator From Long Before Evolution Came Up With Cats

    As an extinction crisis wiped out species at the end of the Permian Period, a predatory species emerged that dominated Southern Africa’s domain.

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Climate and Environment

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    CreditVicki Jauron/Getty Images

    An Avian Murder Case on a Quiet Back Porch

    A nest was assaulted. Was it the cowbird or the sparrow?

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    Last year the E.P.A. determined that almost no level of exposure to PFAS chemicals was safe.
    CreditJoshua A. Bickel/Associated Press

    Three ‘Forever Chemicals’ Makers Settle Public Water Lawsuits

    The $1.19 billion agreement, announced by Chemours, DuPont and Corteva, wouldn’t resolve all the claims against them.

     By Ben CasselmanIvan Penn and

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    Chaco Canyon and the area around it, known as Chaco Culture National Historical Park, in northwestern New Mexico, is one of the nation’s oldest and most culturally significant Native American sites.
    CreditCedar Attanasio/Associated Press

    Biden Administration Bans Drilling Around Native American Cultural Site

    The Interior Department will withdraw public lands around Chaco Canyon from new oil and gas leasing for 20 years.

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    Queen Creek, Ariz., a suburb of Phoenix, is projected to grow to 175,000 people from its current 75,000 — if it can find enough water.
    CreditRebecca Noble for The New York Times

    Arizona Limits Construction Around Phoenix as Its Water Supply Dwindles

    In what could be a glimpse of the future as climate change batters the West, officials ruled there’s not enough groundwater for projects already approved.

     By Christopher Flavelle and

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    CreditJordan Vonderhaar for The New York Times

    The Real-World Costs of the Digital Race for Bitcoin

    Bitcoin mines cash in on electricity — by devouring it, selling it, even turning it off — and they cause immense pollution. In many cases, the public pays a price.

     By Gabriel J.X. DanceTim Wallace and