Polly is a nickname for Mary, and is derived from another nickname for Mary, Molly. It is sometimes used as a name in its own right.
Polly was a robot created at the MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory by Ian Horswill for his PhD and published in 1993 as a technical report.
Polly was the first mobile robot to move at animal-like speeds (1m per second) using computer vision for its navigation. It was an example of behavior based robotics. Horswill's PhD supervisors were Rodney Brooks and Lynn Andrea Stein. For a few years Polly gave tours of the AI laboratory's seventh floor, using canned speech to point out landmarks such as Anita Flynn's office. When someone approached Polly, it would introduce itself and offer a tour, asking them to answer by waving their foot.
The "Polly algorithm" is a way to navigate in a cluttered space using very low resolution vision to find uncluttered areas to move forward into, assuming that the pixels at the bottom of the frame (the closest to the robot) show an example of an uncluttered area. Since this could be done 60 times a second, the algorithm only needed to discriminate three categories: telling the robot at each instant to go straight, towards the right or towards the left.
Polly, sometimes mislabeled as Pretty Polly, is a song by British rock group The Kinks. It was released as the B-side of their 1968 single "Wonderboy". "Wonderboy" peaked at number 36 on the UK Singles Charts, becoming the first major Kinks single since 1964 to be a relative commercial failure. It also peaked at number six in The Netherlands.
"Polly" later appeared as a bonus track on the 1998 and 2004 CD reissues of Something Else by The Kinks.