Nikolai Ryzhkov

Nikolai Ivanovich Ryzhkov (Russian: Николай Иванович Рыжков, Nikolaj Ivanovič Ryžkov; born 28 September 1929) is a former Soviet official who became a Russian politician following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. He served as the last Chairman of the Council of Ministers (the post was abolished and replaced by that of Prime Minister in 1991). Responsible for the cultural and economic administration of the Soviet Union during the late Gorbachev Era, Ryzhkov was succeeded as premier by Valentin Pavlov in 1991. The same year, he lost his seat on the Presidential Council, going on to become Boris Yeltsin's leading opponent in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) 1991 presidential election.

Ryzhkov was born in the city of Dzerzhynsk, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1929. After graduating in the 1950s he started work in the 1970s and began his political career in local industry, working his way up through the hierarchy of Soviet industrial ministries. In 1979 Ryzhkov was appointed First Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Committee. Following Nikolai Tikhonov's resignation as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, Ryzhkov was voted into office in his place. During his tenure, he supported Mikhail Gorbachev's 1980s reform of the Soviet economy.

Alexander (1803 Liverpool)

Alexander was launched in 1803 at Liverpool, but contracted to the Honourable East India Company, which took her measurements in 1804, and which rated her as an East Indiaman of "600 tons". She made seven trips for the Company before she was sold; during her service she was variously referred to as an "extra" ship, one that the Company chartered for particular voyages, and as a "regular' ship, i.e., one that the Company held on long-term contract. When she sailed during wartime she sailed under letters of marque, which authorised her to use her armaments offensively against enemy, i.e., French vessels, and not just defensively. She was sold in 1817.

Voyage #1 (1804-05)

Captain John Robinson Francklin was issued a letter of marque on 30 May 1804. He sailed her for Bengal, leaving Portsmouth on 10 July. She reached Funchal on 23 July, and Diamond Harbour on 3 December. On her return leg she reached Saugor in the Hooghly river on 13 January 1805. On 2 February she left there, reaching Madras ten days later. By 20 June she was at St Helena, and by 15 September she had returned to Long Reach. East Indiaman traditionally stopped here to lighten their loads before sailing up the Thames to moorings at Blackwall.

Alexander (disambiguation)

Alexander is a masculine given name.

Alexander may also refer to:

People

Maritime

Companies and brands

Places

Alexander (son of Lysimachus)

Alexander (Greek: Ἀλέξανδρος, flourished 3rd century BC) was a son of the diadochus, the Greek nobleman who was a Macedonian Thessalian Lysimachus by an Odrysian concubine called Macris.

Following the murder of his paternal half-brother Agathocles by the command of his father in 284 BC, he fled into Asia with his brother's widow Lysandra, and solicited the aid of Seleucus I Nicator. As a consequence, war ensued between Seleucus I and Lysimachus, ending in the defeat and death of the latter, who was slain in battle in 281 BC, in the plain of Corius in Phrygia. Alexander conveyed his father's body to Lysimachia, to be buried in a tomb between Cardia and Pactya, where it still stood in the time of Pausanias, four centuries later.

References

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "^{article name needed}". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology.