This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Race_and_ethnicity_in_the_United_States_Census 00:02:45 1 How data on race and ethnicity are used 00:04:15 2 Brief overview of race and ethnicity in the US Census's history 00:04:28 2.1 18th and 19th centuries 00:04:39 2.1.1 1790 Census 00:05:42 2.1.1.1 Loss of data 00:06:28 2.1.1.2 Data 00:07:30 2.1.1.3 Contemporary perception 00:08:01 2.1.1.4 Data availability 00:08:26 2.2 1800 & 1810 census 00:08:37 2.2.1 1820 Census 00:09:07 2.2.2 1830 Census 00:09:27 2.2.3 1850 Census 00:10:25 2.2.4 1870 Census 00:10:50 2.2.5 1890 Census 00:11:44 2.2.6 1900 Census 00:12:28 2.3 20th century 00:12:37 2.3.1 1910 Census 00:13:20 2.3.2 1920 Census 00:13:54 2.3.3 1930 Census 00:16:01 2.3.4 1940 Census 00:17:27 2.3.5 1950 Census 00:17:48 2.3.6 1960 Census 00:18:18 2.3.7 1970 Census 00:19:42 2.3.8 1980 Census 00:20:44 2.3.9 1990 Census 00:22:13 2.3.10 2000 Census 00:27:30 2.4 21st century 00:27:39 2.4.1 2010 Census 00:29:16 3 Relation between ethnicity and race in census results 00:33:19 4 Other agencies 00:33:48 5 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.8627370194218789 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Race and ethnicity in the United States Census, defined by the federal Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and the United States Census Bureau, are self-identification data items in which residents choose the race or races with which they most closely identify, and indicate whether or not they are of Hispanic or Latino origin (the only categories for ethnicity).The racial categories represent a social-political construct for the race or races that respondents consider themselves to be and, "generally reflect a social definition of race recognized in this country." OMB defines the concept of race as outlined for the US Census as not "scientific or anthropological" and takes into account "social and cultural characteristics as well as ancestry", using "appropriate scientific methodologies" that are not "primarily biological or genetic in reference." The race categories include both racial and national-origin groups.Race and ethnicity are considered separate and distinct identities, with Hispanic or Latino origin asked as a separate question. Thus, in addition to their race or races, all respondents are categorized by membership in one of two ethnic categories, which are "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino". However, the practice of separating "race" and "ethnicity" as different categories has been criticized both by the American Anthropological Association and members of US Commission on Civil Rights.In 1997, OMB issued a Federal Register notice regarding revisions to the standards for the classification of federal data on race and ethnicity. OMB developed race and ethnic standards in order to provide "consistent data on race and ethnicity throughout the Federal Government. The development of the data standards stem in large measure from new responsibilities to enforce civil rights laws." Among the changes, OMB issued the instruction to "mark one or more races" after noting evidence of increasing numbers of interracial children and wanting to capture the diversity in a measurable way and having received requests by people who wanted to be able to acknowledge their or their children's full ancestry rather than identifying with only one group. Prior to this decision, the Census and other government data collections asked people to report only one race.

• published: 03 Oct 2019
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