Ludwig II (1922 film)

Ludwig II is a 1922 Austrian silent historical film directed by Otto Kreisler and starring Olaf Fjord, Thea Rosenquist and Eugen Preiß. It is a biopic, portraying the life of the Nineteenth century Bavarian monarch Ludwig II.

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Ludwig II of Bavaria

Ludwig II or Ludwig Otto Friedrich Wilhelm (25 August 1845 – 13 June 1886) was King of Bavaria from 1864 until his death. He is sometimes called the Swan King (English) and der Märchenkönig, the Fairy Tale King (German). He also held the titles of Count Palatine of the Rhine, Duke of Bavaria, Duke of Franconia, and Duke in Swabia.

He succeeded to the throne aged 18. Two years later Bavaria and Austria fought a war against Prussia, which they lost. However, in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870 they sided with Prussia against France, and after it Bavaria became part of the new German Empire led by Prussia. Ludwig remained King of Bavaria but withdrew from many state affairs remaining within the powers of Bavaria, in favor of extravagant artistic and architectural projects. He commissioned the construction of two lavish palaces and the Neuschwanstein Castle and was a devoted patron of the composer Richard Wagner. Ludwig spent all his royal revenues (although not state funds) on these projects, borrowed extensively, and defied all attempts by his ministers to restrain him. This extravagance was used against him to declare him insane, an accusation which has since been claimed to have been incorrect. Today, his architectural and artistic legacy includes many of Bavaria's most important tourist attractions.

Ludwig II (disambiguation)

Ludwig II may refer to:

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King of Bavaria

King of Bavaria was a title held by the hereditary Wittelsbach rulers of Bavaria in the state known as the Kingdom of Bavaria from 1805 until 1918, when the kingdom was abolished. It was the second kingdom, almost a thousand years after the short-lived Carolingian kingdom of Bavaria.

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Under the terms of the Treaty of Pressburg concluded 26 December 1805 between Napoleonic France and Holy Roman Emperor Francis II, several principalities allied to Napoleon were elevated to kingdoms. One of the staunchest of these had been the prince-elector of Bavaria, Maximilian IV Joseph, and on 1 January 1806, he formally assumed the title King Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria. He was a member of the Wittelsbach branch Palatinate-Birkenfeld-Zweibrücken.

Maximilian's successors resisted German nationalism, and Bavaria became the protector of smaller states whose leaders felt threatened by Prussia or Austria in the German Confederation. Religious ties linked the state more to Austria until their defeat in the Austro-Prussian War. King Ludwig II signed an alliance with Prussia on 22 August 1866, effectively relinquishing Bavarian independence.

Ludwig II, King of Bavaria

Ludwig II, King of Bavaria (German: Ludwig der Zweite, König von Bayern) is a 1929 German silent historical film directed by William Dieterle and starring Dieterle, Theodor Loos and Eugen Burg. It portrays the life and reign of the monarch Ludwig II who ruled Bavaria from 1864 to 1886. It was made at the Bavaria Studios in Geiselgasteig, Munich. The production company was the German subsidiary of the American studio Universal Pictures.

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Bavaria

Bavaria (/bəˈvɛəriə/; German: Freistaat Bayern [ˈfʁaɪ̯ʃtaːt ˈbajɛɐ̯n]) is a federal state of Germany. In the southeast of the country with an area of 70,548 square kilometres (27,200 sq mi), it is the largest state, making up almost a fifth of the total land area of Germany, and, with 12.6 million inhabitants, Germany's second most populous state. Munich, Bavaria's capital and largest city, is the third largest city in Germany.

The history of Bavaria stretches from its earliest settlement and formation as a duchy in the 6th century through the Holy Roman Empire to becoming an independent kingdom and finally a state of the Federal Republic of Germany.

The Duchy of Bavaria dates back to the year 555. In the 17th century, the Duke of Bavaria became a Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. The Kingdom of Bavaria existed from 1806 to 1918, when Bavaria became a republic. In 1946, the Free State of Bavaria re-organised itself on democratic lines.

Bavaria has a unique culture, largely because of the state's Catholic majority (52%) and Conservative traditions. Bavarians have traditionally been proud of their culture, which includes festivals such as Oktoberfest and elements of Alpine symbolism. The state also has the largest economy of any of the German states, giving it a status as a rather wealthy German region.

Bavaria (Nervesa della Battaglia)

Coordinates: 45°48′25″N 12°11′14″E / 45.80694°N 12.18722°E / 45.80694; 12.18722 Bavaria is a ward of the municipality of Nervesa della Battaglia in Treviso province.

The village has 1280 residents, is located 78 m asl and its inhabitants are called Bavariani.

Physical Geography

The centre is located at the foot of the Montello, along the former road Schiavonesca SS 248, between the villages of Sovilla (east) and Giavera (west). The village is located about 22 km from Treviso and 3 km from Nervesa della Battaglia.

History

Human presence dates back to ancient times: in Bavaria stone tools were found, among the oldest relics of the province, dating back to Mousterian (70.000-40.000 years ago). Human presence reappeared in the Montello 5th millennium BC.

Under Roman rule, Bavaria was a farming area.

Starting from 11th century a community of German origin, the Bavarians which the town was named after, gave rise to the current village.

During Venetian domination the forest of Montello was almost cleared and wood was taken to the port (such was the importance that the forest of Montello was ideally placed “within the arsenal”, the heart of Venetian power). During the First World War, in the years 1917 and 1918, the town was on the front line and its inhabitants were evacuated. Bavaria was razed and the reconstruction was very difficult. After the war, poverty was such that Bavaria and the whole area were addressed as the town of the sachet, alluding to the large number of poor people who, with a canvas bag in hand, meandered through the nearby towns to beg for a handful of cornmeal to make a simple polenta. Since the early '60 the area has developed a solid industrial and crafting network, extended to the entire Montello.