Shah

Shah (Šâh or Şah) (/ˈʃɑː/; Persian: شاه‎‎, [ʃɒːh], "king") is a title given to the emperors/kings and lords of Iran (historically also known as Persia). It was also adopted by the kings of Shirvan (a historical Iranian region in Transcaucasia) namely the Shirvanshahs, the rulers and offspring of the Ottoman Empire (termed there as Şeh), the Bengal Sultanate, as well as in Georgia, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. In Iran (Persia and Greater Persia) the title was continuously used; rather than King in the European sense, each Persian ruler regarded himself as the Šâhanšâh (King of Kings) or Emperor of the Persian Empire. The word descends from Old Persian Xšâyathiya "king", which (for reasons of historical phonology) must be a borrowing from Median, and is derived from the same root as Avestan xšaΘra-, "power" and "command", corresponding to Sanskrit (Old Indic) kṣatra- (same meaning), from which kṣatriya-, "warrior", is derived. The full, Old Persian title of the Achaemenid rulers of the First Persian Empire was Xšâyathiya Xšâyathiyânâm or Šâhe Šâhân, "King of Kings" or "Emperor". This word is commonly confused with the unrelated and distinct Indian surname Shah, which is derived from the Sanskrit Sadhu/Sahu (meaning gentleman ).

Ukrainian shah

Shah (Ukrainian: шаг) was the name of several currencies used in Ukraine. The name derives from shilling via shelyag (sheleg; Russian: шеляг, шелег; Polish: szeląg). The forms shahy (шаги, for 2 to 4) and shahiv (шагiв, for five or more) are declensional plurals of the noun used in denominations, for example, 2 shahy, 20 shahiv.

17th-19th centuries

The term "shah" was the Ukrainian name of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth's silver coin of 17th-18th centuries with face value of 3 grosz, coined since 1528, especially during the times of Sigismund III Vasa. Later, the name was transferred to the Russian copper coin of 2 kopecks. Since 1839 when silver money counting was reinstated in the Russian Empire, the term shah was transferred to the silver ½ kopeck. This term for the kopeck was in use until 1917.

Early 20th century

In 1917, banknotes were introduced in the newly independent Ukraine. These were denominated in shah, hryvnia and karbovanets, with 100 shahiv = 1 hryvnia and 2 hryvni = 1 karbovanets.

Shah (surname)

This Indo-Nepalese surname "Shah" is commonly mistaken with the Persian "Shah" meaning "King".

It is derived from Sanskrit Sadhu (meaning gentleman).

The surname like various other Indian surnames was also adopted by various other people. The Shah surname is adopted by the trade communities (The Banias/ Vanias) in Rajasthan and Gujarat states. Banias include the Jains and the Vaishnavas. It was widely used by the Jains even outside of Gujarat and Rajasthan, for example in Delhi/Haryana (see Nattal Sahu), Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh (see Sahu Jain) and Maharashtra.

The Hindi word 'Shahukara' meaning a banker, is derived from Sahu (Sanskrit "Sadhu") and kar (Sanskrit meaning doer). It means different and does not reflect the nature of the surname which means "King".

Shah, a different last name, derived from the Persian word "Shah", is a surname found among the Iranian peoples of Central Asia, Afghanistan and parts of Pakistan.

History

The oldest history dates back to the Shah dynasty of Ancient Nepal. This Indo-Nepalese surname "Shah" is mistakenly is derived from the Persian "Shah" meaning "King".

Suresh

Suresh (sureša) is a Sanskrit word which means "Ruler of Gods"; from sur ‘god’ + īša ‘lord’, which is an epithet of the god Indra.

It is used as a synonym for the Hindu God Vishnu. It may also refer to Devendra or Shiva depending on which branch of Hinduism.

Suresh is a frequently used name for Hindu male children. It is a popular first name in India and a common family name in North America and the Caribbean. Variations of this name in Latin America include Sureza, Sureze, Cires and Cirez. Several of these examples are found on the South-Eastern region of the Dominican Republic (La Romana, San Pedro de Macorís, Boca Chica, etc.)

People with the name Suresh

Suresh (director)

Suresh is a Tamil film director who directs action-masala films.

Career

Suresh studied under various directors including Dharani, N. Maharajan and N. Lingusamy. He made his directorial debut with Arasu starring R. Sarathkumar and Simran. Most of the shooting took place at Kumbakonam, in and around the temple areas. Other locations were Mumbai and Kolkata. A fight scene was filmed at the Kumbakonam market area. Five cameras were used and it took ten days to shoot the fight scene. The scene choreographed by Peter Hein and filmed by cinematographer Y. N. Murali, was shot amidst a large crowd including the hero, some stuntmen, character artistes and the locals. Close-up shots of the fight scene were shot again in Chennai Studio where a set resembling the market place was erected. Sify wrote:"the narration is told in a gripping fashion with all the essential ‘masalas’ like punchy dialogues, action, song ‘n’ dance and item numbers".

After the film's success Suresh again collaborated with Sarathkumar in Gambeeram, which received mixed reviews and had an average performance at the box office. In 2006, Suresh announced his next film titled Kattan with Prashanth. However, the film never took off despite an official announcement.

Suresh (actor)

Suresh, born Mysore Seshaiah Suresh Babu, is an Indian film actor known for his works predominantly in Tamil and Telugu films. The actor made his debut in the 1981 Tamil film, Panneer Pushpangal, before going on to becoming one of the leading actor in the Tamil film industry through the 1980s. As of 2012, the actor has appeared in 274 feature films.

Early life

Suresh was brought up in Chennai and was educated at oxford English High School before moving on to complete his education at Shrine vailankanni English School. He has got married to Rajashree Bishit and later got divorced. He has one son named Nikhil.

Career

Suresh's father Gopinath was a renowned director who had done films including Raman Parasuraman and as his family was into films, Suresh's progression in to the industry was natural and initially tried to make it as an editing assistant and also as a dance assistant for some time. A photographer friend of his dad's opined that Suresh could make it as a lead actor and with a portfolio, Suresh approached director C. V. Sridhar to feature in his films, but his effort went in vain. He then met director duo Santhana Bharathi and P. Vasu who decided to cast him their venture, Panneer Pushpangal, while simultaneously he was cast in the lead role in Bharathiraja's Alaigal Oivathillai presenting him with a dilemma of which film to choose. He chose the former, but both films went on to becoming large commercial successes during the period. Till the 1990s, Suresh played the role of a lover boy in many films and at eventually opted against signing such roles and took time out from Tamil films. During the period he enhanced his career in Telugu cinema, while also producing four films and six television serials.