James Berger or Jim Berger may refer to:
Jim Berger, born May 1974, is a Swedish black metal singer who goes by the stage name All. His original project was Abruptum. He also performed in many side-projects including Ophthalamia, Vondur, War, usually with Tony Särkkä.
James O. Berger (born April 6, 1950 in Minneapolis, Minnesota) is an American statistician. He received a Ph.D. in mathematics from Cornell University in 1974. He was a faculty member in the Department of Statistics at Purdue University until 1997, at which time he moved to the Institute of Statistics and Decision Sciences (now the Department of Statistical Science) at Duke University, where he is currently the Arts and Sciences Professor of Statistics. He has also been Director of the Statistical and Applied Mathematical Sciences Institute since 2002.
Berger has worked on the decision theoretic bases of Bayesian inference, including advances on the Stein phenomenon during and after his thesis. He has also greatly contributed to advances in the so-called objective Bayes approach where prior distributions are constructed from the structure of the sampling distributions and/or of frequentist properties. He is also recognized for his analysis of the opposition between Bayesian and frequentist visions on testing statistical hypotheses, with criticisms of the use of p-values and critical levels.